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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Acoustic Phonetics</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">25,626 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Acoustic Phonetics</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Acoustic_Phonetics">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_63192445" data-work_id="63192445" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/63192445/Praat_Assisted_Nasalance_Meter_A_Low_Cost_Nasalance_Measurement_System_for_Evaluation_of_Nasal_Resonance_Disorders_Praat_Yard%C4%B1ml%C4%B1_Nazalans_%C3%96l%C3%A7er_Nazal_Rezonans_Bozukluklar%C4%B1n_De%C4%9Ferlendirilmesinde_Kullan%C4%B1labilecek_D%C3%BC%C5%9F%C3%BCk_Maliyetli_Bir_Nazalans_%C3%96l%C3%A7%C3%BCm_Sistemi_">Praat-Assisted Nasalance Meter: A Low-Cost Nasalance Measurement System for Evaluation of Nasal Resonance Disorders (Praat Yardımlı Nazalans Ölçer: Nazal Rezonans Bozuklukların Değerlendirilmesinde Kullanılabilecek Düşük Maliyetli Bir Nazalans Ölçüm Sistemi)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Attention! The related software (PANM script) can be downloaded from here: <a href="https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0B4QKykn2bzqQa0JQRTZtU08yZWs?resourcekey=0-kYz6XS59uRJCKj4YuhaqhQ" rel="nofollow">https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0B4QKykn2bzqQa0JQRTZtU08yZWs?resourcekey=0-kYz6XS59uRJCKj4YuhaqhQ</a> Background: This study aimed to introduce a low-cost... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_63192445" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Attention! The related software (PANM script) can be downloaded from here: <br /><a href="https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0B4QKykn2bzqQa0JQRTZtU08yZWs?resourcekey=0-kYz6XS59uRJCKj4YuhaqhQ" rel="nofollow">https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0B4QKykn2bzqQa0JQRTZtU08yZWs?resourcekey=0-kYz6XS59uRJCKj4YuhaqhQ</a> <br />Background: This study aimed to introduce a low-cost system measuring nasalance, which can often be performed with high-cost systems, and to present the normative nasalance values for adults using this system. <br />Materials and Methods: This study included 96 standard native Turkish-speaking literate volunteers who had no hearing and speech problems or nasal obstruction. Nasalance values were measured using the system developed by the principal author, which is called the Praat-Assisted Nasalance Meter, using speech materials and related methods. <br />Results: The participants were 18-65 (average, 33.7) years old. They were divided into three groups according to their age: 18-25, 26-40, and 41-65. A significant difference was found in the nasalance values between the genders. For nearly all speech materials, higher nasalance values were measured in women than in men. <br />Conclusion: There is no generally accepted rule to ascertain if a speaker’s resonance is abnormal according to nasalance values. Therefore, the proposed threshold values should not be considered absolute values but should be decided with perceptual evaluation. <br /> <br />Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, genellikle yüksek maliyetli sistemlerle gerçekleştirilebilen nazalans parametresi ölçümü için kullanılabilecek kendi geliştirdiğimiz düşük maliyetli bir sistemi tanıtmak ve bu sistem kullanılarak erişkinler için belirlenen normatif nazalans değerlerini sunmaktır. <br />Gereç ve Yöntemler: Standart Türkiye Türkçesi konuşan ve okuma yazma bilen 96 gönüllü çalışmaya dahil edildi. Deneklerin işitme ve konuşma problemi, burun tıkanıklığı yapan herhangi bir hastalığının olmamasına dikkat edildi. Birinci yazar tarafından geliştirilen ve Praat Yardımlı Nazalans Ölçer (PYNÖ) adı verilen sistem yardımıyla aşağıda belirtilen konuşma malzemesi ve yöntem kullanılarak nazalans ölçümü yapıldı. <br />Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 96 konuşmacının yaşları 18 ile 65 arasında değişiyordu (ortalama 33,7 yıl). Katılımcılar yaşlarına göre 18-25, 26-40 ve 41-65 şeklinde üç gruba ayrılarak incelendi. Elde edilen değerler cinsiyet grubuna göre karşılaştırıldığında aradaki farkların istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu görüldü. Hemen her konuşma malzemesi için kadınlarda erkeklerden daha yüksek nazalans değerleri elde edildi. <br />Sonuç: Bir konuşmacı üzerinde ölçülen nazalans ölçüm sonuçlarının anormal olduğunu söylemek için genel kabul gören bir kural yoktur. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada önerilen eşik değerler mutlak değerler olarak düşünülmemeli, algısal değerlendirmeyle birlikte karar verilmelidir.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/63192445" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="737474d639eab68a61cc4755a8339080" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":92718700,"asset_id":63192445,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92718700/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="322769" href="https://sbu-tr.academia.edu/MehmetAkifKILIC">Mehmet Akif KILIC</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="322769" type="text/json">{"id":322769,"first_name":"Mehmet Akif","last_name":"KILIC","domain_name":"sbu-tr","page_name":"MehmetAkifKILIC","display_name":"Mehmet Akif KILIC","profile_url":"https://sbu-tr.academia.edu/MehmetAkifKILIC?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/322769/352844/77230725/s65_mehmet_akif.kilic.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_63192445 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="63192445"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 63192445, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_63192445", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=63192445]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_63192445").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_63192445").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="63192445"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="594" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Language_Pathology">Speech Language Pathology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="594" type="text/json">{"id":594,"name":"Speech Language Pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Language_Pathology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="629" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Otolaryngology">Otolaryngology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="629" type="text/json">{"id":629,"name":"Otolaryngology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Otolaryngology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=63192445]'), work: {"id":63192445,"title":"Praat-Assisted Nasalance Meter: A Low-Cost Nasalance Measurement System for Evaluation of Nasal Resonance Disorders (Praat Yardımlı Nazalans Ölçer: Nazal Rezonans Bozuklukların Değerlendirilmesinde Kullanılabilecek Düşük Maliyetli Bir Nazalans Ölçüm Sistemi)","created_at":"2021-12-04T07:02:43.805-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/63192445/Praat_Assisted_Nasalance_Meter_A_Low_Cost_Nasalance_Measurement_System_for_Evaluation_of_Nasal_Resonance_Disorders_Praat_Yard%C4%B1ml%C4%B1_Nazalans_%C3%96l%C3%A7er_Nazal_Rezonans_Bozukluklar%C4%B1n_De%C4%9Ferlendirilmesinde_Kullan%C4%B1labilecek_D%C3%BC%C5%9F%C3%BCk_Maliyetli_Bir_Nazalans_%C3%96l%C3%A7%C3%BCm_Sistemi_?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_63192445","summary":"Attention! The related software (PANM script) can be downloaded from here:\r\nhttps://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0B4QKykn2bzqQa0JQRTZtU08yZWs?resourcekey=0-kYz6XS59uRJCKj4YuhaqhQ\r\nBackground: This study aimed to introduce a low-cost system measuring nasalance, which can often be performed with high-cost systems, and to present the normative nasalance values for adults using this system.\r\nMaterials and Methods: This study included 96 standard native Turkish-speaking literate volunteers who had no hearing and speech problems or nasal obstruction. Nasalance values were measured using the system developed by the principal author, which is called the Praat-Assisted Nasalance Meter, using speech materials and related methods.\r\nResults: The participants were 18-65 (average, 33.7) years old. They were divided into three groups according to their age: 18-25, 26-40, and 41-65. A significant difference was found in the nasalance values between the genders. For nearly all speech materials, higher nasalance values were measured in women than in men.\r\nConclusion: There is no generally accepted rule to ascertain if a speaker’s resonance is abnormal according to nasalance values. Therefore, the proposed threshold values should not be considered absolute values but should be decided with perceptual evaluation.\r\n\r\nAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, genellikle yüksek maliyetli sistemlerle gerçekleştirilebilen nazalans parametresi ölçümü için kullanılabilecek kendi geliştirdiğimiz düşük maliyetli bir sistemi tanıtmak ve bu sistem kullanılarak erişkinler için belirlenen normatif nazalans değerlerini sunmaktır.\r\nGereç ve Yöntemler: Standart Türkiye Türkçesi konuşan ve okuma yazma bilen 96 gönüllü çalışmaya dahil edildi. Deneklerin işitme ve konuşma problemi, burun tıkanıklığı yapan herhangi bir hastalığının olmamasına dikkat edildi. Birinci yazar tarafından geliştirilen ve Praat Yardımlı Nazalans Ölçer (PYNÖ) adı verilen sistem yardımıyla aşağıda belirtilen konuşma malzemesi ve yöntem kullanılarak nazalans ölçümü yapıldı.\r\nBulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 96 konuşmacının yaşları 18 ile 65 arasında değişiyordu (ortalama 33,7 yıl). Katılımcılar yaşlarına göre 18-25, 26-40 ve 41-65 şeklinde üç gruba ayrılarak incelendi. Elde edilen değerler cinsiyet grubuna göre karşılaştırıldığında aradaki farkların istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu görüldü. Hemen her konuşma malzemesi için kadınlarda erkeklerden daha yüksek nazalans değerleri elde edildi.\r\nSonuç: Bir konuşmacı üzerinde ölçülen nazalans ölçüm sonuçlarının anormal olduğunu söylemek için genel kabul gören bir kural yoktur. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada önerilen eşik değerler mutlak değerler olarak düşünülmemeli, algısal değerlendirmeyle birlikte karar verilmelidir.\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":92718700,"asset_id":63192445,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":322769,"first_name":"Mehmet Akif","last_name":"KILIC","domain_name":"sbu-tr","page_name":"MehmetAkifKILIC","display_name":"Mehmet Akif KILIC","profile_url":"https://sbu-tr.academia.edu/MehmetAkifKILIC?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/322769/352844/77230725/s65_mehmet_akif.kilic.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":594,"name":"Speech Language Pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Language_Pathology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":629,"name":"Otolaryngology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Otolaryngology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2447,"name":"Speech-Language Pathology/ Communication Disorders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech-Language_Pathology_Communication_Disorders?f_ri=21025"},{"id":5390,"name":"Speech Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Sciences?f_ri=21025"},{"id":15817,"name":"Speech Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Communication?f_ri=21025"},{"id":18342,"name":"Speech Disorders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Disorders?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":24938,"name":"Articulatory Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Articulatory_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":31224,"name":"Phonetics and Pronunciation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Pronunciation?f_ri=21025"},{"id":46505,"name":"Phoniatrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phoniatrics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":57832,"name":"Speech and language therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_and_language_therapy?f_ri=21025"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":64434,"name":"Lingustics and Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lingustics_and_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":219018,"name":"Speech Communications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Communications?f_ri=21025"},{"id":498832,"name":"Speech and Language Pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_and_Language_Pathology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":671693,"name":"Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Otolaryngology_-_Head_and_Neck_Surgery?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1152892,"name":"Speech-language Pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech-language_Pathology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1756748,"name":"Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Otolaryngology_Head_and_Neck_Surgery?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_65554960" data-work_id="65554960" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/65554960/Italian_roots_in_Australian_soil_coronal_obstruents_in_native_dialect_speech_of_Italian_Australians_from_two_areas_of_Veneto">Italian roots in Australian soil: coronal obstruents in native dialect speech of Italian-Australians from two areas of Veneto</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Italian roots in Australian soil: coronal obstruents in native dialect speech of Italian-Australians from two areas of Veneto. We will discuss the maintenance of the heritage dialect coronal fricatives in the speech of Italian-Australian... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_65554960" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Italian roots in Australian soil: coronal obstruents in native dialect speech of Italian-Australians from two areas of Veneto. We will discuss the maintenance of the heritage dialect coronal fricatives in the speech of Italian-Australian trilinguals (dialect/Italian/English) originating from North Veneto, Italy, as compared to the variability found in the productions of comparable Italian-Australian trilinguals originating from Central Veneto. Results on coronal fricatives&#39; distribution based on narrow phonetic trancriptions and on their acoustic characteristics based on spectral moments analysis show that the immigrants have generally maintained the fine-grained features of their dialect. After more than five decades of residence in Australia, traces of interlinguistic influences exerted by L3-English are evident in one speaker only. We consider both internal (linguistic) and external (sociolinguistic) factors for this difference in maintenance of first language speech features...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/65554960" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b8e43ff158801b97e9465af7f10fae41" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":77098853,"asset_id":65554960,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77098853/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="48881668" href="https://westernsydney.academia.edu/BrunoDiBiase">Bruno Di Biase</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="48881668" type="text/json">{"id":48881668,"first_name":"Bruno","last_name":"Di Biase","domain_name":"westernsydney","page_name":"BrunoDiBiase","display_name":"Bruno Di Biase","profile_url":"https://westernsydney.academia.edu/BrunoDiBiase?f_ri=21025","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_65554960 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="65554960"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 65554960, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_65554960", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=65554960]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_65554960").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_65554960").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="65554960"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography">Geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="261" type="text/json">{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2167" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialectology">Dialectology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2167" type="text/json">{"id":2167,"name":"Dialectology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialectology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2524" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics">Sociolinguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2524" type="text/json">{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=65554960]'), work: {"id":65554960,"title":"Italian roots in Australian soil: coronal obstruents in native dialect speech of Italian-Australians from two areas of Veneto","created_at":"2021-12-22T12:05:06.105-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/65554960/Italian_roots_in_Australian_soil_coronal_obstruents_in_native_dialect_speech_of_Italian_Australians_from_two_areas_of_Veneto?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_65554960","summary":"Italian roots in Australian soil: coronal obstruents in native dialect speech of Italian-Australians from two areas of Veneto. We will discuss the maintenance of the heritage dialect coronal fricatives in the speech of Italian-Australian trilinguals (dialect/Italian/English) originating from North Veneto, Italy, as compared to the variability found in the productions of comparable Italian-Australian trilinguals originating from Central Veneto. Results on coronal fricatives\u0026#39; distribution based on narrow phonetic trancriptions and on their acoustic characteristics based on spectral moments analysis show that the immigrants have generally maintained the fine-grained features of their dialect. After more than five decades of residence in Australia, traces of interlinguistic influences exerted by L3-English are evident in one speaker only. We consider both internal (linguistic) and external (sociolinguistic) factors for this difference in maintenance of first language speech features...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":77098853,"asset_id":65554960,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":48881668,"first_name":"Bruno","last_name":"Di Biase","domain_name":"westernsydney","page_name":"BrunoDiBiase","display_name":"Bruno Di Biase","profile_url":"https://westernsydney.academia.edu/BrunoDiBiase?f_ri=21025","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2167,"name":"Dialectology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialectology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":8938,"name":"Sociophonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociophonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":14730,"name":"Migration Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration_Studies?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":40010,"name":"Italian dialects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_dialects?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49258402" data-work_id="49258402" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49258402/Fundamental_Frequency_and_Regional_Variation_in_Lifou_French">Fundamental Frequency and Regional Variation in Lifou French</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study presents two experiments aimed at investigating tune-to-text alignment and pitch scaling in Lifou French, a variety spoken by bilingual speakers of French and Drehu. Descriptions of New Caledonian French have focussed on... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49258402" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study presents two experiments aimed at investigating tune-to-text alignment and pitch scaling in Lifou French, a variety spoken by bilingual speakers of French and Drehu. Descriptions of New Caledonian French have focussed on language use of European descendants or the variety spoken in the urban region, neglecting emergent varieties spoken by the indigenous population in rural areas, like the island Lifou. Due to the reduced inventory of pitch accents, dialectal variation in French intonation has proved to be difficult to detect, which has led to the assumption that French has a relatively homogeneous intonation system across its varieties. This study shows that fine-grained phonetic differences in speaking tempo and at the level of tonal alignment as well as in the scaling of AP-final peaks can be attributed to dialectal variation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49258402" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d3f15d265a2ff48603502adefc8d9e57" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67642263,"asset_id":49258402,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67642263/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33629540" href="https://uzh.academia.edu/CatalinaTorres">Catalina Torres</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33629540" type="text/json">{"id":33629540,"first_name":"Catalina","last_name":"Torres","domain_name":"uzh","page_name":"CatalinaTorres","display_name":"Catalina Torres","profile_url":"https://uzh.academia.edu/CatalinaTorres?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33629540/10869046/31264833/s65_catalina.torres.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49258402 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49258402"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49258402, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49258402", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49258402]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_49258402").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_49258402").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="49258402"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2077" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody">Speech Prosody</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2077" type="text/json">{"id":2077,"name":"Speech Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8000" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_language">French language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8000" type="text/json">{"id":8000,"name":"French language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_language?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13167" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology">Laboratory/Experimental Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13167" type="text/json">{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15647" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosody-Syntax">Prosody-Syntax</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15647" type="text/json">{"id":15647,"name":"Prosody-Syntax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosody-Syntax?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=49258402]'), work: {"id":49258402,"title":"Fundamental Frequency and Regional Variation in Lifou French","created_at":"2021-06-16T01:04:41.204-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/49258402/Fundamental_Frequency_and_Regional_Variation_in_Lifou_French?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_49258402","summary":"This study presents two experiments aimed at investigating tune-to-text alignment and pitch scaling in Lifou French, a variety spoken by bilingual speakers of French and Drehu. Descriptions of New Caledonian French have focussed on language use of European descendants or the variety spoken in the urban region, neglecting emergent varieties spoken by the indigenous population in rural areas, like the island Lifou. Due to the reduced inventory of pitch accents, dialectal variation in French intonation has proved to be difficult to detect, which has led to the assumption that French has a relatively homogeneous intonation system across its varieties. This study shows that fine-grained phonetic differences in speaking tempo and at the level of tonal alignment as well as in the scaling of AP-final peaks can be attributed to dialectal variation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67642263,"asset_id":49258402,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33629540,"first_name":"Catalina","last_name":"Torres","domain_name":"uzh","page_name":"CatalinaTorres","display_name":"Catalina Torres","profile_url":"https://uzh.academia.edu/CatalinaTorres?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33629540/10869046/31264833/s65_catalina.torres.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2077,"name":"Speech Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":8000,"name":"French language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_language?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":15647,"name":"Prosody-Syntax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosody-Syntax?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":19018,"name":"New Caledonia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Caledonia?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":47268,"name":"Bilingualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bilingualism?f_ri=21025"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":241873,"name":"Prosodic phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosodic_phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":491196,"name":"French Varieties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_Varieties?f_ri=21025"},{"id":492367,"name":"Prosodic Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosodic_Typology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":492716,"name":"Autosegmental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autosegmental_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":812243,"name":"Prosodic phrasing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosodic_phrasing?f_ri=21025"},{"id":834105,"name":"Autosegmental-Metrical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autosegmental-Metrical_Model?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1120063,"name":"Prosodical Variation In French","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosodical_Variation_In_French?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1466221,"name":"Prosodic Variation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosodic_Variation?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40369258 coauthored" data-work_id="40369258" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40369258/An_Acoustic_Description_of_the_Vowel_System_of_Santiago_Mexquititl%C3%A1n_Otomi_H%C3%B1%C3%A4%C3%B1ho_">An Acoustic Description of the Vowel System of Santiago Mexquititlán Otomi (Hñäñho)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Otomi language belongs to the Oto-Pamean branch of the Oto-Manguean languages in Mexico. The variety of Otomi (Hñäñho) spoken in Santiago Mexquititlán, Querétaro, is an endangered language that is still largely unexamined from an... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40369258" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Otomi language belongs to the Oto-Pamean branch of the Oto-Manguean languages in Mexico. The variety of Otomi (Hñäñho) spoken in Santiago Mexquititlán, Querétaro, is an endangered language that is still largely unexamined from an instrumental point of view. The present study is the first to provide an acoustic description of the Hñäñho vowel system. We report on the oral vowel inventory of Hñäñho by means of acoustic analyses of production data from four native speakers. While it is common for moribund indigenous languages to lose phonemic distinctions when in extensive contact with a majority language (i.e., Spanish), our results indicate that the vowel system of Hñäñho spoken in Santiago Mexquititlán consists of nine oral vowel phonemes, maintaining all phonemic contrasts. This acoustic description provides novel data on an endangered language while also contributing to the growing body of studies on cross-linguistic influence in the context of Mexican indigenous bilingualism.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40369258" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fee21bec95bc1de3e500370027354874" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60617118,"asset_id":40369258,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60617118/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27870357" href="https://personal-psu.academia.edu/StanislavMul%C3%ADk">Stanislav Mulík</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27870357" type="text/json">{"id":27870357,"first_name":"Stanislav","last_name":"Mulík","domain_name":"personal-psu","page_name":"StanislavMulík","display_name":"Stanislav Mulík","profile_url":"https://personal-psu.academia.edu/StanislavMul%C3%ADk?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27870357/7908006/65015454/s65_stanislav.mul_k.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-40369258">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-40369258"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uaq.academia.edu/GloriaAvecilla">Gloria Avecilla</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-40369258'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-40369258').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40369258 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40369258"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40369258, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40369258", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_40369258 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40369258; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_40369258"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_40369258 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40369258"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40369258; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40369258]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40369258").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40369258").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40369258"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2743" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Languages">Indigenous Languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2743" type="text/json">{"id":2743,"name":"Indigenous Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Languages?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43881" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexico">Mexico</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="43881" type="text/json">{"id":43881,"name":"Mexico","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexico?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50210" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Otomi">Otomi</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="50210" type="text/json">{"id":50210,"name":"Otomi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Otomi?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40369258]'), work: {"id":40369258,"title":"An Acoustic Description of the Vowel System of Santiago Mexquititlán Otomi (Hñäñho)","created_at":"2019-09-16T17:45:21.642-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40369258/An_Acoustic_Description_of_the_Vowel_System_of_Santiago_Mexquititl%C3%A1n_Otomi_H%C3%B1%C3%A4%C3%B1ho_?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_40369258","summary":"The Otomi language belongs to the Oto-Pamean branch of the Oto-Manguean languages in Mexico. The variety of Otomi (Hñäñho) spoken in Santiago Mexquititlán, Querétaro, is an endangered language that is still largely unexamined from an instrumental point of view. The present study is the first to provide an acoustic description of the Hñäñho vowel system. We report on the oral vowel inventory of Hñäñho by means of acoustic analyses of production data from four native speakers. While it is common for moribund indigenous languages to lose phonemic distinctions when in extensive contact with a majority language (i.e., Spanish), our results indicate that the vowel system of Hñäñho spoken in Santiago Mexquititlán consists of nine oral vowel phonemes, maintaining all phonemic contrasts. This acoustic description provides novel data on an endangered language while also contributing to the growing body of studies on cross-linguistic influence in the context of Mexican indigenous bilingualism.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60617118,"asset_id":40369258,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27870357,"first_name":"Stanislav","last_name":"Mulík","domain_name":"personal-psu","page_name":"StanislavMulík","display_name":"Stanislav Mulík","profile_url":"https://personal-psu.academia.edu/StanislavMul%C3%ADk?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27870357/7908006/65015454/s65_stanislav.mul_k.jpg"},{"id":75442537,"first_name":"Gloria","last_name":"Avecilla","domain_name":"uaq","page_name":"GloriaAvecilla","display_name":"Gloria Avecilla","profile_url":"https://uaq.academia.edu/GloriaAvecilla?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/75442537/19502553/29939034/s65_gloria.avecilla.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2743,"name":"Indigenous Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Languages?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":43881,"name":"Mexico","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexico?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":50210,"name":"Otomi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Otomi?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3127545 coauthored" data-work_id="3127545" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3127545/Phonetic_reduction_processes_in_spontaneous_speech">Phonetic reduction processes in spontaneous speech</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Phonetic analysis of the speaking styles can involve the study of the differences in the manifestation of phonetic processes. The aim of this work is to observe and classify low-level reduction processes affecting consonants by means of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3127545" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Phonetic analysis of the speaking styles can involve the study of the differences in the manifestation of phonetic processes. The aim of this work is to observe and classify low-level reduction processes affecting consonants by means of an acoustic and auditive analysis of a sample of spontaneous speech in Spanish. A continuum of articulatory reduction arises out of the data. Moreover, the acoustic behaviour of the processes helps to establish differences between speaking styles.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3127545" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c9858fbd76734e7e04ede71990be3e7e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31041816,"asset_id":3127545,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31041816/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1129807" href="https://univ-lille.academia.edu/RafaelMar%C3%ADn">Rafael Marín</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1129807" type="text/json">{"id":1129807,"first_name":"Rafael","last_name":"Marín","domain_name":"univ-lille","page_name":"RafaelMarín","display_name":"Rafael Marín","profile_url":"https://univ-lille.academia.edu/RafaelMar%C3%ADn?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1129807/395949/561218/s65_rafael.mar_n.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-3127545">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-3127545"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://girona.academia.edu/BeatrizBlecua">Beatriz Blecua</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-3127545'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-3127545').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3127545 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3127545"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3127545, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3127545", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_3127545 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3127545; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_3127545"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_3127545 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3127545"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3127545; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3127545]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3127545").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3127545").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3127545"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="119709" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spontaneous_speech">Spontaneous speech</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="119709" type="text/json">{"id":119709,"name":"Spontaneous speech","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spontaneous_speech?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="196888" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spanish_Phonetics">Spanish Phonetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="196888" type="text/json">{"id":196888,"name":"Spanish Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spanish_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3127545]'), work: {"id":3127545,"title":"Phonetic reduction processes in spontaneous speech","created_at":"2013-03-27T05:04:59.558-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3127545/Phonetic_reduction_processes_in_spontaneous_speech?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_3127545","summary":"Phonetic analysis of the speaking styles can involve the study of the differences in the manifestation of phonetic processes. The aim of this work is to observe and classify low-level reduction processes affecting consonants by means of an acoustic and auditive analysis of a sample of spontaneous speech in Spanish. A continuum of articulatory reduction arises out of the data. Moreover, the acoustic behaviour of the processes helps to establish differences between speaking styles.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31041816,"asset_id":3127545,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1129807,"first_name":"Rafael","last_name":"Marín","domain_name":"univ-lille","page_name":"RafaelMarín","display_name":"Rafael Marín","profile_url":"https://univ-lille.academia.edu/RafaelMar%C3%ADn?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1129807/395949/561218/s65_rafael.mar_n.jpg"},{"id":12266029,"first_name":"Beatriz","last_name":"Blecua","domain_name":"girona","page_name":"BeatrizBlecua","display_name":"Beatriz Blecua","profile_url":"https://girona.academia.edu/BeatrizBlecua?f_ri=21025","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":119709,"name":"Spontaneous speech","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spontaneous_speech?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":196888,"name":"Spanish Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spanish_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":362847,"name":"Speaking Style","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speaking_Style?f_ri=21025"},{"id":631753,"name":"ACOUSTICS ANALYSIS OF CONSONANTS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ACOUSTICS_ANALYSIS_OF_CONSONANTS?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_71810557" data-work_id="71810557" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71810557/Vowel_Category_and_Meanings_of_Size_in_Tolkiens_Early_Lexicons">Vowel Category and Meanings of Size in Tolkien's Early Lexicons</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The grounds for studying phonetic symbolism (phonosemantics, etc.) in Tolkien's invented languages were well established by Tolkien through comments made in letters, drafts of his works, and essays. Previous researchers (e.g., Smith,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_71810557" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The grounds for studying phonetic symbolism (phonosemantics, etc.) in Tolkien's invented languages were well established by Tolkien through comments made in letters, drafts of his works, and essays. Previous researchers (e.g., Smith, 2006; 2007; Gymnich, 2005) have discussed the aesthetic effects of Tolkien's elvish languages on his audience, and have also observed connections between a range of meanings and sounds in Tolkien's languages (e.g., Fimi, 2008; Rausch, 2013). However, no researchers have explored this area of study with quantitative methods. The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between vowel quality and meanings of size in the Gnomish Lexicon and the Qenya Lexicon. Chi-square goodness-of-fit tests indicate statistically significant associations between vowel category and meanings of size, particularly /i/ and smallness, and the back vowels /o/ and /a/ and meanings of largeness. I argue that this case study confirms the presence of phonetic symbolism in Tolkien's invented languages.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/71810557" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4ec2e5c1847f54a5621228d45e85c0e4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81004272,"asset_id":71810557,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81004272/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="788863" href="https://wisc.academia.edu/LukeAnnear">Luke Annear</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="788863" type="text/json">{"id":788863,"first_name":"Luke","last_name":"Annear","domain_name":"wisc","page_name":"LukeAnnear","display_name":"Luke Annear","profile_url":"https://wisc.academia.edu/LukeAnnear?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/788863/268102/138607105/s65_luke.annear.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_71810557 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="71810557"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71810557, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_71810557", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_71810557 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71810557; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_71810557"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_71810557 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="71810557"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71810557; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71810557]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_71810557").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_71810557").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="71810557"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="76703" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sound_symbolism">Sound symbolism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="76703" type="text/json">{"id":76703,"name":"Sound symbolism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sound_symbolism?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=71810557]'), work: {"id":71810557,"title":"Vowel Category and Meanings of Size in Tolkien's Early Lexicons","created_at":"2022-02-18T10:06:29.248-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/71810557/Vowel_Category_and_Meanings_of_Size_in_Tolkiens_Early_Lexicons?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_71810557","summary":"The grounds for studying phonetic symbolism (phonosemantics, etc.) in Tolkien's invented languages were well established by Tolkien through comments made in letters, drafts of his works, and essays. Previous researchers (e.g., Smith, 2006; 2007; Gymnich, 2005) have discussed the aesthetic effects of Tolkien's elvish languages on his audience, and have also observed connections between a range of meanings and sounds in Tolkien's languages (e.g., Fimi, 2008; Rausch, 2013). However, no researchers have explored this area of study with quantitative methods. The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between vowel quality and meanings of size in the Gnomish Lexicon and the Qenya Lexicon. Chi-square goodness-of-fit tests indicate statistically significant associations between vowel category and meanings of size, particularly /i/ and smallness, and the back vowels /o/ and /a/ and meanings of largeness. I argue that this case study confirms the presence of phonetic symbolism in Tolkien's invented languages.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81004272,"asset_id":71810557,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":788863,"first_name":"Luke","last_name":"Annear","domain_name":"wisc","page_name":"LukeAnnear","display_name":"Luke Annear","profile_url":"https://wisc.academia.edu/LukeAnnear?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/788863/268102/138607105/s65_luke.annear.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":76703,"name":"Sound symbolism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sound_symbolism?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":417586,"name":"J.R.R. Tolkien","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/J.R.R._Tolkien?f_ri=21025"},{"id":426492,"name":"Tolkien Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tolkien_Studies?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_69071042" data-work_id="69071042" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69071042/Physiological_Correlations_of_English_Speech_Sounds_a_Pragmatic_Analysis">Physiological Correlations of English Speech Sounds - a Pragmatic Analysis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study takes a close look at the link between English sounds as realized in normal speech. Sounds are discrete entities that carry in them abstractions which is the import of phonology in every language. The physical properties of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_69071042" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study takes a close look at the link between English sounds as realized in normal speech. Sounds are discrete entities that carry in them abstractions which is the import of phonology in every language. The physical properties of sounds which are realized in speech production undoubtedly have an interrelation with this discrete nature of sounds. The researcher adopted a purely analytical approach in viewing this topic, with little reliance on literature. It may be described as a purely scientific study as the researcher uses practical examples and correlates to drum home the interconnection between abstract sounds and their physical properties. The study notes that a letter of the English alphabet, for instance ‘y’, has different production realisations as both a vowel and a consonant based on the articulatory nuances a phonetic analyst associates with it. And secondly, the study finds that English speech sound may or may not have the same physiological identification with its ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/69071042" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f91b7d53ad90616a3f26d58fdf424836" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":79309553,"asset_id":69071042,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79309553/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="78574805" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DrJustineBakuuro">Dr. Justine Bakuuro</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="78574805" type="text/json">{"id":78574805,"first_name":"Dr. Justine","last_name":"Bakuuro","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DrJustineBakuuro","display_name":"Dr. Justine Bakuuro","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DrJustineBakuuro?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/78574805/22538469/136278202/s65_justine.bakuuro.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_69071042 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="69071042"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 69071042, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_69071042", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_69071042 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69071042; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_69071042"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_69071042 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="69071042"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69071042; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=69071042]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_69071042").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_69071042").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="69071042"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="101" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages">Languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="101" type="text/json">{"id":101,"name":"Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3979" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_language">English language</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3979" type="text/json">{"id":3979,"name":"English language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_language?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=69071042]'), work: {"id":69071042,"title":"Physiological Correlations of English Speech Sounds - a Pragmatic Analysis","created_at":"2022-01-21T17:39:20.036-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/69071042/Physiological_Correlations_of_English_Speech_Sounds_a_Pragmatic_Analysis?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_69071042","summary":"This study takes a close look at the link between English sounds as realized in normal speech. Sounds are discrete entities that carry in them abstractions which is the import of phonology in every language. The physical properties of sounds which are realized in speech production undoubtedly have an interrelation with this discrete nature of sounds. The researcher adopted a purely analytical approach in viewing this topic, with little reliance on literature. It may be described as a purely scientific study as the researcher uses practical examples and correlates to drum home the interconnection between abstract sounds and their physical properties. The study notes that a letter of the English alphabet, for instance ‘y’, has different production realisations as both a vowel and a consonant based on the articulatory nuances a phonetic analyst associates with it. And secondly, the study finds that English speech sound may or may not have the same physiological identification with its ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79309553,"asset_id":69071042,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":78574805,"first_name":"Dr. Justine","last_name":"Bakuuro","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DrJustineBakuuro","display_name":"Dr. Justine Bakuuro","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DrJustineBakuuro?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/78574805/22538469/136278202/s65_justine.bakuuro.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":101,"name":"Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":3979,"name":"English language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_language?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":6223,"name":"English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English?f_ri=21025"},{"id":7709,"name":"Applied Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":24938,"name":"Articulatory Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Articulatory_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":31224,"name":"Phonetics and Pronunciation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Pronunciation?f_ri=21025"},{"id":41980,"name":"Lingüística","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica?f_ri=21025"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":384736,"name":"Articulatory Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Articulatory_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":624707,"name":"English Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Language-2?f_ri=21025"},{"id":852990,"name":"Discrete","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discrete?f_ri=21025"},{"id":893960,"name":"Entities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entities?f_ri=21025"},{"id":982489,"name":"Interrelation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interrelation?f_ri=21025"},{"id":2533989,"name":"critical English sounds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/critical_English_sounds?f_ri=21025"},{"id":2827704,"name":"English sounds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_sounds?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34367253" data-work_id="34367253" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34367253/The_Acoustics_of_Word_Stress_in_Czech_As_a_Function_of_Speaking_Style">The Acoustics of Word Stress in Czech As a Function of Speaking Style</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The study is part of a series of studies which examine the acoustic correlates of lexical stress in several typologically different languages, in three speech styles: spontaneous speech, phrase reading, and wordlist reading. This study... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34367253" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The study is part of a series of studies which examine the acoustic correlates of lexical stress in several typologically different languages, in three speech styles: spontaneous speech, phrase reading, and wordlist reading. This study focuses on Czech, a language with stress fixed on the first syllable of a prosodic word, with no contrastive function at the level of individual words. The acoustic parameters examined here are F0-level, F0-variation, Duration, Sound Pressure Level, and Spectral Emphasis. Values for over 6,000 vowels were analyzed. Unlike the other languages examined so far, lexical stress in Czech is not manifested by clear prominence markings on the first, stressed syllable: the stressed syllable is neither higher, realized with greater F0 variation, longer; nor does it have a higher SPL or higher Spectral Emphasis. There are slight, but insignificant tendencies pointing to a delayed rise, that is, to higher values of some of the acoustic parameters on the second, post-stressed syllable. Since lexical stress does not serve a contrastive function in Czech, the absence of acoustic marking on the stressed syllable is not surprising.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34367253" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ea929ade8510af46888eea1d298f68bc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54256433,"asset_id":34367253,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54256433/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16611407" href="https://cuni.academia.edu/RadekSkarnitzl">Radek Skarnitzl</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16611407" type="text/json">{"id":16611407,"first_name":"Radek","last_name":"Skarnitzl","domain_name":"cuni","page_name":"RadekSkarnitzl","display_name":"Radek Skarnitzl","profile_url":"https://cuni.academia.edu/RadekSkarnitzl?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16611407/7000814/7893556/s65_radek.skarnitzl.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34367253 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34367253"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34367253, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34367253", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_34367253 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34367253; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_34367253"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34367253 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34367253"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34367253; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34367253]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34367253").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34367253").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34367253"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2077" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody">Speech Prosody</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2077" type="text/json">{"id":2077,"name":"Speech Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8056" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Acoustics">Speech Acoustics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8056" type="text/json">{"id":8056,"name":"Speech Acoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Acoustics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34367253]'), work: {"id":34367253,"title":"The Acoustics of Word Stress in Czech As a Function of Speaking Style","created_at":"2017-08-27T03:16:20.964-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34367253/The_Acoustics_of_Word_Stress_in_Czech_As_a_Function_of_Speaking_Style?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_34367253","summary":"The study is part of a series of studies which examine the acoustic correlates of lexical stress in several typologically different languages, in three speech styles: spontaneous speech, phrase reading, and wordlist reading. This study focuses on Czech, a language with stress fixed on the first syllable of a prosodic word, with no contrastive function at the level of individual words. The acoustic parameters examined here are F0-level, F0-variation, Duration, Sound Pressure Level, and Spectral Emphasis. Values for over 6,000 vowels were analyzed. Unlike the other languages examined so far, lexical stress in Czech is not manifested by clear prominence markings on the first, stressed syllable: the stressed syllable is neither higher, realized with greater F0 variation, longer; nor does it have a higher SPL or higher Spectral Emphasis. There are slight, but insignificant tendencies pointing to a delayed rise, that is, to higher values of some of the acoustic parameters on the second, post-stressed syllable. Since lexical stress does not serve a contrastive function in Czech, the absence of acoustic marking on the stressed syllable is not surprising.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54256433,"asset_id":34367253,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16611407,"first_name":"Radek","last_name":"Skarnitzl","domain_name":"cuni","page_name":"RadekSkarnitzl","display_name":"Radek Skarnitzl","profile_url":"https://cuni.academia.edu/RadekSkarnitzl?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16611407/7000814/7893556/s65_radek.skarnitzl.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2077,"name":"Speech Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":8056,"name":"Speech Acoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Acoustics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_67032510" data-work_id="67032510" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67032510/Italian_roots_in_Australian_soil_coronal_obstruents_in_native_dialect_speech_of_Italian_Australians_from_two_areas_of_Veneto">Italian roots in Australian soil: coronal obstruents in native dialect speech of Italian-Australians from two areas of Veneto</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Italian roots in Australian soil: coronal obstruents in native dialect speech of Italian-Australians from two areas of Veneto. We will discuss the maintenance of the heritage dialect coronal fricatives in the speech of Italian-Australian... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_67032510" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Italian roots in Australian soil: coronal obstruents in native dialect speech of Italian-Australians from two areas of Veneto. We will discuss the maintenance of the heritage dialect coronal fricatives in the speech of Italian-Australian trilinguals (dialect/Italian/English) originating from North Veneto, Italy, as compared to the variability found in the productions of comparable Italian-Australian trilinguals originating from Central Veneto. Results on coronal fricatives&#39; distribution based on narrow phonetic trancriptions and on their acoustic characteristics based on spectral moments analysis show that the immigrants have generally maintained the fine-grained features of their dialect. After more than five decades of residence in Australia, traces of interlinguistic influences exerted by L3-English are evident in one speaker only. We consider both internal (linguistic) and external (sociolinguistic) factors for this difference in maintenance of first language speech features...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/67032510" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="70b2d55c65e9a90b43e1017bd47f9431" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":78004725,"asset_id":67032510,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78004725/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="105349895" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarioVayra">Mario Vayra</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="105349895" type="text/json">{"id":105349895,"first_name":"Mario","last_name":"Vayra","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarioVayra","display_name":"Mario Vayra","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarioVayra?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/105349895/25061061/23861825/s65_mario.vayra.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_67032510 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="67032510"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67032510, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_67032510", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_67032510 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67032510; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_67032510"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_67032510 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67032510"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67032510; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67032510]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_67032510").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_67032510").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="67032510"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography">Geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="261" type="text/json">{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2167" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialectology">Dialectology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2167" type="text/json">{"id":2167,"name":"Dialectology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialectology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2524" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics">Sociolinguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2524" type="text/json">{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=67032510]'), work: {"id":67032510,"title":"Italian roots in Australian soil: coronal obstruents in native dialect speech of Italian-Australians from two areas of Veneto","created_at":"2022-01-04T01:41:01.977-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/67032510/Italian_roots_in_Australian_soil_coronal_obstruents_in_native_dialect_speech_of_Italian_Australians_from_two_areas_of_Veneto?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_67032510","summary":"Italian roots in Australian soil: coronal obstruents in native dialect speech of Italian-Australians from two areas of Veneto. We will discuss the maintenance of the heritage dialect coronal fricatives in the speech of Italian-Australian trilinguals (dialect/Italian/English) originating from North Veneto, Italy, as compared to the variability found in the productions of comparable Italian-Australian trilinguals originating from Central Veneto. Results on coronal fricatives\u0026#39; distribution based on narrow phonetic trancriptions and on their acoustic characteristics based on spectral moments analysis show that the immigrants have generally maintained the fine-grained features of their dialect. After more than five decades of residence in Australia, traces of interlinguistic influences exerted by L3-English are evident in one speaker only. We consider both internal (linguistic) and external (sociolinguistic) factors for this difference in maintenance of first language speech features...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78004725,"asset_id":67032510,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":105349895,"first_name":"Mario","last_name":"Vayra","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarioVayra","display_name":"Mario Vayra","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarioVayra?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/105349895/25061061/23861825/s65_mario.vayra.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2167,"name":"Dialectology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialectology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":8938,"name":"Sociophonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociophonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":14730,"name":"Migration Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration_Studies?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":40010,"name":"Italian dialects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_dialects?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38213347" data-work_id="38213347" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38213347/Accommodation_of_L2_Speech_in_a_Repetition_Task_Exploring_Paralinguistic_Imitation">Accommodation of L2 Speech in a Repetition Task : Exploring Paralinguistic Imitation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Phonetic convergence is the process by which a speaker adapts his/her speech to sound more similar to his/her interlocutor. While most studies analysing this process have been conducted amongst speakers sharing the same language or... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38213347" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Phonetic convergence is the process by which a speaker adapts his/her speech to sound more similar to his/her interlocutor. While most studies analysing this process have been conducted amongst speakers sharing the same language or variety, this experiment focuses on imitation between non-native and native speakers in a repetition task. The data is a fragment from the ANGLISH corpus designed by Anne Tortel (Tortel, 2008). 40 French speakers (10 male intermediate, 10 male advanced, 10 female intermediate and 10 female advanced learners) were asked to repeat a set of 20 sentences produced by British native speakers. Segmental (vowel quality), suprasegmental (vowel duration) and voice quality were analysed. Level of proficiency, gender and model talker were taken as independent variables.<br />Level appeared not to be a relevant parameter due to a high amount of inter-individual variability amongst groups. Somewhat contradictory results were observed for vowel duration and F1-F2 distance for male learners converged more than female learners. Our hypothesis that low vowels display a higher degree of imitation, and especially within the<br />F1 dimension (Babel, 2012), was partially validated. Convergence in vowel duration in order to sound more native-like was also observed (Zając, 2013).<br />Regarding the analysis of voice quality, and more particularly of creaky voice, observations suggest that some advanced female learners creaked more than the native speakers and more in the reading task, which indicate, both linguistic idiosyncrasy and accommodation towards the native speakers. Low vowels seem also to be more likely to be<br />produced with a creaky voice, especially at the end of prosodic constituents.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38213347" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b65aa72793380f5cbf1a76408d3fc963" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58252405,"asset_id":38213347,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58252405/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32399886" href="https://univ-paris-diderot.academia.edu/L%C3%A9aBurin">Léa Burin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32399886" type="text/json">{"id":32399886,"first_name":"Léa","last_name":"Burin","domain_name":"univ-paris-diderot","page_name":"LéaBurin","display_name":"Léa Burin","profile_url":"https://univ-paris-diderot.academia.edu/L%C3%A9aBurin?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32399886/10365920/71116414/s65_l_a.burin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38213347 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38213347"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38213347, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38213347", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38213347 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38213347; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38213347"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38213347 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38213347"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38213347; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38213347]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38213347").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38213347").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38213347"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1008" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Language_Acquisition">Second Language Acquisition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1008" type="text/json">{"id":1008,"name":"Second Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Language_Acquisition?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60338" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology">Phonetics and Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60338" type="text/json">{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="146457" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetic_Accommodation">Phonetic Accommodation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="146457" type="text/json">{"id":146457,"name":"Phonetic Accommodation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetic_Accommodation?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38213347]'), work: {"id":38213347,"title":"Accommodation of L2 Speech in a Repetition Task : Exploring Paralinguistic Imitation","created_at":"2019-01-24T07:57:07.651-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38213347/Accommodation_of_L2_Speech_in_a_Repetition_Task_Exploring_Paralinguistic_Imitation?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_38213347","summary":"Phonetic convergence is the process by which a speaker adapts his/her speech to sound more similar to his/her interlocutor. While most studies analysing this process have been conducted amongst speakers sharing the same language or variety, this experiment focuses on imitation between non-native and native speakers in a repetition task. The data is a fragment from the ANGLISH corpus designed by Anne Tortel (Tortel, 2008). 40 French speakers (10 male intermediate, 10 male advanced, 10 female intermediate and 10 female advanced learners) were asked to repeat a set of 20 sentences produced by British native speakers. Segmental (vowel quality), suprasegmental (vowel duration) and voice quality were analysed. Level of proficiency, gender and model talker were taken as independent variables.\nLevel appeared not to be a relevant parameter due to a high amount of inter-individual variability amongst groups. Somewhat contradictory results were observed for vowel duration and F1-F2 distance for male learners converged more than female learners. Our hypothesis that low vowels display a higher degree of imitation, and especially within the\nF1 dimension (Babel, 2012), was partially validated. Convergence in vowel duration in order to sound more native-like was also observed (Zając, 2013).\nRegarding the analysis of voice quality, and more particularly of creaky voice, observations suggest that some advanced female learners creaked more than the native speakers and more in the reading task, which indicate, both linguistic idiosyncrasy and accommodation towards the native speakers. Low vowels seem also to be more likely to be\nproduced with a creaky voice, especially at the end of prosodic constituents.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58252405,"asset_id":38213347,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32399886,"first_name":"Léa","last_name":"Burin","domain_name":"univ-paris-diderot","page_name":"LéaBurin","display_name":"Léa Burin","profile_url":"https://univ-paris-diderot.academia.edu/L%C3%A9aBurin?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32399886/10365920/71116414/s65_l_a.burin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1008,"name":"Second Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Language_Acquisition?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":146457,"name":"Phonetic Accommodation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetic_Accommodation?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":207841,"name":"Voice Quality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Voice_Quality?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35555279" data-work_id="35555279" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35555279/Zastosowanie_znacznik%C3%B3w_fonetycznych_nieliniowej_transformacji_czasowej_i_niejawnych_modeli_Markowa_do_rozpoznawania_izolowanych_s%C5%82%C3%B3w_mowy_polskiej_Application_of_Landmarks_Dynamic_Time_Warping_and_Hidden_Markov_Models_to_Isolated_Words_Recognition_of_Polish_Speech">Zastosowanie znaczników fonetycznych, nieliniowej transformacji czasowej i niejawnych modeli Markowa do rozpoznawania izolowanych słów mowy polskiej Application of Landmarks, Dynamic Time Warping and Hidden Markov Models to Isolated Words Recognition of Polish Speech</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Cel pracy: 1) zbadanie wpływu różnorodnych czynników na skuteczność i szybkość rozpoznawania izolowanych słów mowy polskiej; 2) opracowanie efektywnej metody rozpoznawania izolowanych słów polskich. Zbadano wpływ częstotliwości... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35555279" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Cel pracy: 1) zbadanie wpływu różnorodnych czynników na skuteczność i szybkość rozpoznawania izolowanych słów mowy polskiej; 2) opracowanie efektywnej metody rozpoznawania izolowanych słów polskich. Zbadano wpływ częstotliwości próbkowania sygnału mowy oraz liczby poziomów kwantyzacji na efektywność niezależnego i zależnego od mówcy rozpoznawania izolowanych wypowiedzi polskich z bazy CORPORA za pomocą metody nieliniowej transformacji czasowej (DTW) oraz niejawnych modeli Markowa HMM. Wykazano istnienie optimum doboru częstotliwości próbkowania oraz liczby poziomów kwantyzacji. Zbadano również częściowo zależność rozpoznawania izolowanych wypowiedzi od płci mówcy, wielkości zbioru uczącego oraz wybranych parametrów niejawnych modeli Markowa. Podniesiono skuteczność rozpoznawania izolowanych wypowiedzi polskich za pomocą metody nieliniowej transformacji czasowej poprzez zastosowanie wstępnej klasyfikacji za pomocą: 1) znaczników fonetycznych; 2) niejawnych modeli Markowa.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35555279" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ea9be6a5870632d10e0d82578639a4a7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55420920,"asset_id":35555279,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55420920/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="55639995" href="https://pwsztar.academia.edu/RobertWielgat">Robert Wielgat</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="55639995" type="text/json">{"id":55639995,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Wielgat","domain_name":"pwsztar","page_name":"RobertWielgat","display_name":"Robert Wielgat","profile_url":"https://pwsztar.academia.edu/RobertWielgat?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/55639995/15368500/18573985/s65_robert.wielgat.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35555279 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35555279"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35555279, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35555279", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35555279 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35555279; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35555279"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35555279 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35555279"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35555279; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35555279]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35555279").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35555279").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35555279"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5109" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pattern_Recognition">Pattern Recognition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5109" type="text/json">{"id":5109,"name":"Pattern Recognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pattern_Recognition?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9038" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Signal_Processing">Digital Signal Processing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9038" type="text/json">{"id":9038,"name":"Digital Signal Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Signal_Processing?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11320" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automatic_Speech_Recognition">Automatic Speech Recognition</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11320" type="text/json">{"id":11320,"name":"Automatic Speech Recognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automatic_Speech_Recognition?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35555279]'), work: {"id":35555279,"title":"Zastosowanie znaczników fonetycznych, nieliniowej transformacji czasowej i niejawnych modeli Markowa do rozpoznawania izolowanych słów mowy polskiej Application of Landmarks, Dynamic Time Warping and Hidden Markov Models to Isolated Words Recognition of Polish Speech","created_at":"2018-01-01T23:42:44.768-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35555279/Zastosowanie_znacznik%C3%B3w_fonetycznych_nieliniowej_transformacji_czasowej_i_niejawnych_modeli_Markowa_do_rozpoznawania_izolowanych_s%C5%82%C3%B3w_mowy_polskiej_Application_of_Landmarks_Dynamic_Time_Warping_and_Hidden_Markov_Models_to_Isolated_Words_Recognition_of_Polish_Speech?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_35555279","summary":"Cel pracy: 1) zbadanie wpływu różnorodnych czynników na skuteczność i szybkość rozpoznawania izolowanych słów mowy polskiej; 2) opracowanie efektywnej metody rozpoznawania izolowanych słów polskich. Zbadano wpływ częstotliwości próbkowania sygnału mowy oraz liczby poziomów kwantyzacji na efektywność niezależnego i zależnego od mówcy rozpoznawania izolowanych wypowiedzi polskich z bazy CORPORA za pomocą metody nieliniowej transformacji czasowej (DTW) oraz niejawnych modeli Markowa HMM. Wykazano istnienie optimum doboru częstotliwości próbkowania oraz liczby poziomów kwantyzacji. Zbadano również częściowo zależność rozpoznawania izolowanych wypowiedzi od płci mówcy, wielkości zbioru uczącego oraz wybranych parametrów niejawnych modeli Markowa. Podniesiono skuteczność rozpoznawania izolowanych wypowiedzi polskich za pomocą metody nieliniowej transformacji czasowej poprzez zastosowanie wstępnej klasyfikacji za pomocą: 1) znaczników fonetycznych; 2) niejawnych modeli Markowa.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55420920,"asset_id":35555279,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":55639995,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Wielgat","domain_name":"pwsztar","page_name":"RobertWielgat","display_name":"Robert Wielgat","profile_url":"https://pwsztar.academia.edu/RobertWielgat?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/55639995/15368500/18573985/s65_robert.wielgat.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":5109,"name":"Pattern Recognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pattern_Recognition?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":9038,"name":"Digital Signal Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Signal_Processing?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":11320,"name":"Automatic Speech Recognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automatic_Speech_Recognition?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":11984,"name":"Speech Recognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Recognition?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":68937,"name":"Hidden Markov Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hidden_Markov_Models?f_ri=21025"},{"id":134120,"name":"Landmarks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landmarks?f_ri=21025"},{"id":160144,"name":"Feature Extraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feature_Extraction?f_ri=21025"},{"id":207888,"name":"Viterbi algorithm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viterbi_algorithm?f_ri=21025"},{"id":432494,"name":"Dynamic Time Warping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dynamic_Time_Warping?f_ri=21025"},{"id":468698,"name":"Cepstral Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cepstral_Analysis?f_ri=21025"},{"id":831591,"name":"Polish Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polish_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1671934,"name":"Isolated Words Recognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Isolated_Words_Recognition?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1976927,"name":"Linear Predictive Cepstral Coefficients","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_Predictive_Cepstral_Coefficients?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_16483567" data-work_id="16483567" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16483567/PSYCHOLOGICAL_and_LINGUISTIC_ASPECTS_OF_INDIAN_INDIGENOUS_MUSIC_and_DANCE_REFERENCE_GOND_TRIBES_OF_BASTAR_">PSYCHOLOGICAL & LINGUISTIC ASPECTS OF INDIAN INDIGENOUS MUSIC & DANCE (REFERENCE: GOND TRIBES OF BASTAR)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Indigenous dance & music across the world has long been an important topic of sociocultural studies conducted by people from various related fields and Indian tribes are no strangers to this ethno musical single dimensionality of their... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_16483567" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Indigenous dance & music across the world has long been an important topic of sociocultural studies conducted by people from various related fields and Indian tribes are no strangers to this ethno musical single dimensionality of their society. Since the advent of Ethnomusicology during late 19th century the holistic investigations of music as well as dance has opened doors for psychologists and linguistic scientists to study indigenous behavior & language. <br /><br />The methodological approaches to this include collection of audio-visual recordings that along with the contextual information supplied helps linguistic scientists and psychologists to produce an analytically derived qualitative analysis of the ancestral dance & music of the tribal groups in India. <br /><br />This paper further accentuates the above mentioned aspects of Psychology & Linguistics of Indian aboriginal music & dance, firstly, by highlighting the Psycho Acoustic effects of indigenous dance or music performed during ceremonies, especially the after life rituals and secondly, by emphasizing on the Phonetic Characteristics of the indigenous songs, that is an important factor in discovering the mother language of the currently spoken Indian indigenous languages.<br /><br />The paper elaborates on both these points by using theoretical references from different associated fields and by the means of fieldwork done via participant observation during the course of Ethnographic Filming amongst the Gond Tribes of Bastar.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/16483567" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a63dfd788e6586a4d456b0d1b0a93032" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39013621,"asset_id":16483567,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39013621/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34100030" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SaumyaSharma25">Saumya Sharma</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34100030" type="text/json">{"id":34100030,"first_name":"Saumya","last_name":"Sharma","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SaumyaSharma25","display_name":"Saumya Sharma","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SaumyaSharma25?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34100030/10009221/62251286/s65_saumya.sharma.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_16483567 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="16483567"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 16483567, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_16483567", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=16483567]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_16483567").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_16483567").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="16483567"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="790" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychological_Anthropology">Psychological Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="790" type="text/json">{"id":790,"name":"Psychological Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychological_Anthropology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="926" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Studies">Indigenous Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="926" type="text/json">{"id":926,"name":"Indigenous Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Studies?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1987" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnomusicology">Ethnomusicology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1987" type="text/json">{"id":1987,"name":"Ethnomusicology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnomusicology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=16483567]'), work: {"id":16483567,"title":"PSYCHOLOGICAL \u0026 LINGUISTIC ASPECTS OF INDIAN INDIGENOUS MUSIC \u0026 DANCE (REFERENCE: GOND TRIBES OF BASTAR)","created_at":"2015-10-05T09:38:43.046-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/16483567/PSYCHOLOGICAL_and_LINGUISTIC_ASPECTS_OF_INDIAN_INDIGENOUS_MUSIC_and_DANCE_REFERENCE_GOND_TRIBES_OF_BASTAR_?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_16483567","summary":"Indigenous dance \u0026 music across the world has long been an important topic of sociocultural studies conducted by people from various related fields and Indian tribes are no strangers to this ethno musical single dimensionality of their society. Since the advent of Ethnomusicology during late 19th century the holistic investigations of music as well as dance has opened doors for psychologists and linguistic scientists to study indigenous behavior \u0026 language. \n\nThe methodological approaches to this include collection of audio-visual recordings that along with the contextual information supplied helps linguistic scientists and psychologists to produce an analytically derived qualitative analysis of the ancestral dance \u0026 music of the tribal groups in India. \n\nThis paper further accentuates the above mentioned aspects of Psychology \u0026 Linguistics of Indian aboriginal music \u0026 dance, firstly, by highlighting the Psycho Acoustic effects of indigenous dance or music performed during ceremonies, especially the after life rituals and secondly, by emphasizing on the Phonetic Characteristics of the indigenous songs, that is an important factor in discovering the mother language of the currently spoken Indian indigenous languages.\n\nThe paper elaborates on both these points by using theoretical references from different associated fields and by the means of fieldwork done via participant observation during the course of Ethnographic Filming amongst the Gond Tribes of Bastar. \n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39013621,"asset_id":16483567,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34100030,"first_name":"Saumya","last_name":"Sharma","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SaumyaSharma25","display_name":"Saumya Sharma","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SaumyaSharma25?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34100030/10009221/62251286/s65_saumya.sharma.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":790,"name":"Psychological Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychological_Anthropology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":926,"name":"Indigenous Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Studies?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1987,"name":"Ethnomusicology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnomusicology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2718,"name":"Linguistic Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Anthropology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":4158,"name":"Psychoacoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychoacoustics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":180419,"name":"Socio-phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Socio-phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":946802,"name":"Phonetic Symbolism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetic_Symbolism?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_390271" data-work_id="390271" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/390271/Carranza_M_2008_Estudio_experimental_del_timbre_de_la_vocal_u_y_de_fen%C3%B3menos_de_ensordecimiento_y_ep%C3%A9ntesis_Planteamientos_para_la_correcci%C3%B3n_fon%C3%A9tica_de_estudiantes_japoneses_de_ELE">Carranza, M. (2008). Estudio experimental del timbre de la vocal /u/ y de fenómenos de ensordecimiento y epéntesis. Planteamientos para la corrección fonética de estudiantes japoneses de ELE</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/390271" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="76296e9291a039b96b6860732d912a19" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33237523,"asset_id":390271,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33237523/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="253576" href="https://uab.academia.edu/MarioCarranza">Mario Carranza</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="253576" type="text/json">{"id":253576,"first_name":"Mario","last_name":"Carranza","domain_name":"uab","page_name":"MarioCarranza","display_name":"Mario Carranza","profile_url":"https://uab.academia.edu/MarioCarranza?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/253576/59946/7218575/s65_mario.carranza.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_390271 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="390271"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 390271, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_390271", }); 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Planteamientos para la corrección fonética de estudiantes japoneses de ELE","created_at":"2010-12-14T21:45:55.034-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/390271/Carranza_M_2008_Estudio_experimental_del_timbre_de_la_vocal_u_y_de_fen%C3%B3menos_de_ensordecimiento_y_ep%C3%A9ntesis_Planteamientos_para_la_correcci%C3%B3n_fon%C3%A9tica_de_estudiantes_japoneses_de_ELE?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_390271","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33237523,"asset_id":390271,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":253576,"first_name":"Mario","last_name":"Carranza","domain_name":"uab","page_name":"MarioCarranza","display_name":"Mario Carranza","profile_url":"https://uab.academia.edu/MarioCarranza?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/253576/59946/7218575/s65_mario.carranza.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":13639,"name":"Spanish as a Foreign Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spanish_as_a_Foreign_Language?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":60800,"name":"Spanish pronunciation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spanish_pronunciation?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":60801,"name":"Phonetic transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetic_transfer?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37924275" data-work_id="37924275" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37924275/Noise_Pollution_Noise_and_Acoustic_Solution">Noise Pollution Noise and Acoustic Solution</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Planting bushes and trees in and around sound generating sources is an effective solution for noise pollution. Urban Planning, Public Education and Awareness. Regular servicing and tuning of automobiles/ machinery can effectively reduce... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37924275" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Planting bushes and trees in and around sound generating sources is an effective solution for noise pollution.<br />Urban Planning, Public Education and Awareness.<br />Regular servicing and tuning of automobiles/ machinery can effectively reduce the noise pollution.<br />Alteration of roadway surface texture.<br />Buildings can be designed with suitable noise absorbing material for the walls, windows, and ceilings.<br />Soundproof doors and windows can be installed to block unwanted noise from outside.<br />Factories and industries should be located far from the residential areas.<br />Workers should be provided with equipments such as ear plugs and earmuffs for hearing protection.<br />Control in the Transmission Path, Control at Source, Control over Vibrations.<br />Exposure Reduction<br />Enclosure of machines can reduce noise levels at its source very effectively.<br />Leakage where pipes pass through walls as well as acoustic leaks between walls, screens or enclosures, can produce large variations in the attenuation achieved. It is therefore important to seal air gaps carefully<br />Putting major noise sources at one place & separating it from quieter area.<br />Using acoustic barriers, sound absorbing linings & sound insulating partitions.<br />Complete or partial enclosure of noisy equipment.<br />Providing silencers on the intake as well as exhaust side of flow machines like blowers, fans etc.<br />Insertion of damping material between machine bases and foundations and use of anti vibration mountings.<br />Regulations should be imposed to restrict the usage of play loudspeakers in crowded areas and public places.<br />International Co-operation<br /><a href="http://www.realcopowerprojects.com" rel="nofollow">www.realcopowerprojects.com</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37924275" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5ed7b13fb1c4325c06e4b34ef4c89549" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57936478,"asset_id":37924275,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57936478/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="98699746" href="https://iitb.academia.edu/Ameyarealco">Ameya realco</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="98699746" type="text/json">{"id":98699746,"first_name":"Ameya","last_name":"realco","domain_name":"iitb","page_name":"Ameyarealco","display_name":"Ameya realco","profile_url":"https://iitb.academia.edu/Ameyarealco?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/98699746/141368576/130861544/s65_ameya.realco.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37924275 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37924275"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37924275, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37924275", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37924275]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37924275").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37924275").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37924275"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="65" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Engineering">Acoustic Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="65" type="text/json">{"id":65,"name":"Acoustic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Engineering?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="499" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustics">Acoustics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="499" type="text/json">{"id":499,"name":"Acoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2140" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Modelling">Acoustic Modelling</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2140" type="text/json">{"id":2140,"name":"Acoustic Modelling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Modelling?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4521" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Communication">Acoustic Communication</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4521" type="text/json">{"id":4521,"name":"Acoustic Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Communication?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37924275]'), work: {"id":37924275,"title":"Noise Pollution Noise and Acoustic Solution","created_at":"2018-12-06T03:19:39.080-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37924275/Noise_Pollution_Noise_and_Acoustic_Solution?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_37924275","summary":"Planting bushes and trees in and around sound generating sources is an effective solution for noise pollution.\nUrban Planning, Public Education and Awareness.\nRegular servicing and tuning of automobiles/ machinery can effectively reduce the noise pollution.\nAlteration of roadway surface texture.\nBuildings can be designed with suitable noise absorbing material for the walls, windows, and ceilings.\nSoundproof doors and windows can be installed to block unwanted noise from outside.\nFactories and industries should be located far from the residential areas.\nWorkers should be provided with equipments such as ear plugs and earmuffs for hearing protection.\nControl in the Transmission Path, Control at Source, Control over Vibrations.\nExposure Reduction\nEnclosure of machines can reduce noise levels at its source very effectively.\nLeakage where pipes pass through walls as well as acoustic leaks between walls, screens or enclosures, can produce large variations in the attenuation achieved. It is therefore important to seal air gaps carefully\nPutting major noise sources at one place \u0026 separating it from quieter area.\nUsing acoustic barriers, sound absorbing linings \u0026 sound insulating partitions.\nComplete or partial enclosure of noisy equipment.\nProviding silencers on the intake as well as exhaust side of flow machines like blowers, fans etc.\nInsertion of damping material between machine bases and foundations and use of anti vibration mountings.\nRegulations should be imposed to restrict the usage of play loudspeakers in crowded areas and public places.\nInternational Co-operation\nwww.realcopowerprojects.com","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57936478,"asset_id":37924275,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":98699746,"first_name":"Ameya","last_name":"realco","domain_name":"iitb","page_name":"Ameyarealco","display_name":"Ameya realco","profile_url":"https://iitb.academia.edu/Ameyarealco?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/98699746/141368576/130861544/s65_ameya.realco.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":65,"name":"Acoustic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Engineering?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":499,"name":"Acoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2140,"name":"Acoustic Modelling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Modelling?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":4521,"name":"Acoustic Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Communication?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":7497,"name":"ULTRASOUND/ACOUSTICS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ULTRASOUND_ACOUSTICS?f_ri=21025"},{"id":8967,"name":"Musical acoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Musical_acoustics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":11402,"name":"Surface Acoustic Waves","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surface_Acoustic_Waves?f_ri=21025"},{"id":15688,"name":"Acoustic Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Ecology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":22718,"name":"Acoustic Measurement Techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Measurement_Techniques?f_ri=21025"},{"id":22719,"name":"Room Acoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Room_Acoustics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":48515,"name":"Noise and Vibration Control and Prediction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Noise_and_Vibration_Control_and_Prediction?f_ri=21025"},{"id":68431,"name":"Noise","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Noise?f_ri=21025"},{"id":134673,"name":"Architectural Acoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Acoustics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":147416,"name":"Acoustics and Vibration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustics_and_Vibration?f_ri=21025"},{"id":236374,"name":"Acoustic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic?f_ri=21025"},{"id":236747,"name":"Building Acoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Building_Acoustics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":255925,"name":"Noise Pollution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Noise_Pollution?f_ri=21025"},{"id":757701,"name":"Noise Modeling and Mapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Noise_Modeling_and_Mapping?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44233516 coauthored" data-work_id="44233516" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44233516/Extending_automatic_vowel_formant_extraction_to_New_Englishes_A_comparison_of_different_methods">Extending automatic vowel formant extraction to New Englishes: A comparison of different methods</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">While different automated procedures for vowel formant prediction have recently been proposed, it is unclear how reliably these methods perform in the phonetic study of vowels in New Englishes and how such approaches could be applied to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44233516" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">While different automated procedures for vowel formant prediction have recently been proposed, it is unclear how reliably these methods perform in the phonetic study of vowels in New Englishes and how such approaches could be applied to specific varieties. This paper compares different automatic methods for vowel formant prediction in New Englishes, using manual measurements of Trinidadian English as a baseline. The results show that all methods perform significantly better than default formant parameters often used in speech analysis packages, and that a Bayesian formant tracker calibrated with American (US-FAVE) and Trinidadian English (TRINI-FAVE) generally provides better results than an automatic procedure that optimizes formant ceilings on a vowel-and speaker-specific level. TRINI-FAVE measures vowels characteristic of Trinidadian English most accurately. Phonetic studies of vowels in New Englishes can benefit from these methods.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44233516" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="055b03dd3eceedc41a90b9bcbbe7ff8a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64603373,"asset_id":44233516,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64603373/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="29969070" href="https://uni-muenster.academia.edu/PhilippMeer">Philipp Meer</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="29969070" type="text/json">{"id":29969070,"first_name":"Philipp","last_name":"Meer","domain_name":"uni-muenster","page_name":"PhilippMeer","display_name":"Philipp Meer","profile_url":"https://uni-muenster.academia.edu/PhilippMeer?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29969070/10597687/19762255/s65_philipp.meer.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-44233516">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-44233516"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9MatuteFlores">José Matute Flores</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-44233516'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-44233516').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44233516 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44233516"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44233516; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44233516]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44233516").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44233516").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44233516"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2524" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics">Sociolinguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2524" type="text/json">{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2525" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Variation_and_Change">Language Variation and Change</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2525" type="text/json">{"id":2525,"name":"Language Variation and Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Variation_and_Change?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44233516]'), work: {"id":44233516,"title":"Extending automatic vowel formant extraction to New Englishes: A comparison of different methods","created_at":"2020-10-05T10:29:23.324-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44233516/Extending_automatic_vowel_formant_extraction_to_New_Englishes_A_comparison_of_different_methods?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_44233516","summary":"While different automated procedures for vowel formant prediction have recently been proposed, it is unclear how reliably these methods perform in the phonetic study of vowels in New Englishes and how such approaches could be applied to specific varieties. This paper compares different automatic methods for vowel formant prediction in New Englishes, using manual measurements of Trinidadian English as a baseline. The results show that all methods perform significantly better than default formant parameters often used in speech analysis packages, and that a Bayesian formant tracker calibrated with American (US-FAVE) and Trinidadian English (TRINI-FAVE) generally provides better results than an automatic procedure that optimizes formant ceilings on a vowel-and speaker-specific level. TRINI-FAVE measures vowels characteristic of Trinidadian English most accurately. Phonetic studies of vowels in New Englishes can benefit from these methods.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64603373,"asset_id":44233516,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":29969070,"first_name":"Philipp","last_name":"Meer","domain_name":"uni-muenster","page_name":"PhilippMeer","display_name":"Philipp Meer","profile_url":"https://uni-muenster.academia.edu/PhilippMeer?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29969070/10597687/19762255/s65_philipp.meer.jpg"},{"id":174383031,"first_name":"José Matute","last_name":"Flores","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JoséMatuteFlores","display_name":"José Matute Flores","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9MatuteFlores?f_ri=21025","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2525,"name":"Language Variation and Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Variation_and_Change?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":3244,"name":"Bayesian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bayesian?f_ri=21025"},{"id":7945,"name":"Caribbean Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caribbean_Studies?f_ri=21025"},{"id":8938,"name":"Sociophonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociophonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":10632,"name":"World Englishes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/World_Englishes?f_ri=21025"},{"id":15817,"name":"Speech Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Communication?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":67103,"name":"Varieties of English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Varieties_of_English?f_ri=21025"},{"id":109386,"name":"New Englishes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Englishes?f_ri=21025"},{"id":137967,"name":"Trinidad and Tobago","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trinidad_and_Tobago?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_19707133" data-work_id="19707133" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19707133/Types_of_dipping_tones">Types of dipping tones</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper classifies dipping tones in the framework of the Multi-Register and Four-Level Model, using new, firsthand acoustic data. Seven dipping types are identified. Four of them are produced in normal clear voice and affiliated with... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_19707133" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper classifies dipping tones in the framework of the Multi-Register and Four-Level Model, using new, firsthand acoustic data. Seven dipping types are identified. Four of them are produced in normal clear voice and affiliated with the Modal Register: (1) Central Dipping, typologically transcribed as /323/, (2) Back Dipping /523/, (3) Front Dipping /324/, and (4) Double Circumflex /4343/. The remaining three are produced with non-clear voice qualities: (5) Slack Dipping /213/ in L Register, (6) Creaky Dipping /202/ in the Lower Register, and (7) Fortis-Creak Dipping /405/ in the Upper Register. Each of the seven dipping tones contrasts with one or another with four distinctive features [± RgM, RgL, Hfront, Hback].</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19707133" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="be616da21e81c8c5fcafb82e4dabf3b1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40796345,"asset_id":19707133,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40796345/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7648685" href="https://hkust.academia.edu/XiaonongZhu">Xiaonong Zhu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7648685" type="text/json">{"id":7648685,"first_name":"Xiaonong","last_name":"Zhu","domain_name":"hkust","page_name":"XiaonongZhu","display_name":"Xiaonong Zhu","profile_url":"https://hkust.academia.edu/XiaonongZhu?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7648685/8911145/9945722/s65_xiaonong.zhu.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_19707133 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="19707133"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 19707133, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_19707133", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_19707133 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19707133; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_19707133"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_19707133 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="19707133"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19707133; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=19707133]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_19707133").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_19707133").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="19707133"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13167" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology">Laboratory/Experimental Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13167" type="text/json">{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16432" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tones">Tones</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16432" type="text/json">{"id":16432,"name":"Tones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tones?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=19707133]'), work: {"id":19707133,"title":"Types of dipping tones","created_at":"2015-12-17T07:00:15.953-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/19707133/Types_of_dipping_tones?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_19707133","summary":"This paper classifies dipping tones in the framework of the Multi-Register and Four-Level Model, using new, firsthand acoustic data. Seven dipping types are identified. Four of them are produced in normal clear voice and affiliated with the Modal Register: (1) Central Dipping, typologically transcribed as /323/, (2) Back Dipping /523/, (3) Front Dipping /324/, and (4) Double Circumflex /4343/. The remaining three are produced with non-clear voice qualities: (5) Slack Dipping /213/ in L Register, (6) Creaky Dipping /202/ in the Lower Register, and (7) Fortis-Creak Dipping /405/ in the Upper Register. Each of the seven dipping tones contrasts with one or another with four distinctive features [± RgM, RgL, Hfront, Hback]. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40796345,"asset_id":19707133,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7648685,"first_name":"Xiaonong","last_name":"Zhu","domain_name":"hkust","page_name":"XiaonongZhu","display_name":"Xiaonong Zhu","profile_url":"https://hkust.academia.edu/XiaonongZhu?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7648685/8911145/9945722/s65_xiaonong.zhu.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":16432,"name":"Tones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tones?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":29668,"name":"Tone systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tone_systems?f_ri=21025"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":86215,"name":"Diachronic Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diachronic_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":220766,"name":"Tone Sandhi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tone_Sandhi?f_ri=21025"},{"id":324308,"name":"Historical Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Phonology?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3406476" data-work_id="3406476" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3406476/You_got_the_beat_Rhythm_and_timing">You got the beat: Rhythm and timing</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3406476" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="44aa47a198b68d1c3399cf7760cc6cfc" rel="nofollow" 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type="text/json">{"id":1109970,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Fuchs","domain_name":"uni-bonn","page_name":"RFuchs","display_name":"Robert Fuchs","profile_url":"https://uni-bonn.academia.edu/RFuchs?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1109970/3535346/19753025/s65_robert.fuchs.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3406476 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3406476"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3406476, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3406476", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_3406476 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3406476; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_3406476"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_3406476 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3406476"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3406476; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3406476]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3406476").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3406476").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3406476"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="101" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages">Languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="101" type="text/json">{"id":101,"name":"Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2077" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody">Speech Prosody</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2077" type="text/json">{"id":2077,"name":"Speech Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3979" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_language">English language</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3979" type="text/json">{"id":3979,"name":"English language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_language?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3406476]'), work: {"id":3406476,"title":"You got the beat: Rhythm and timing","created_at":"2013-04-27T19:43:05.728-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3406476/You_got_the_beat_Rhythm_and_timing?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_3406476","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35709986,"asset_id":3406476,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1109970,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Fuchs","domain_name":"uni-bonn","page_name":"RFuchs","display_name":"Robert Fuchs","profile_url":"https://uni-bonn.academia.edu/RFuchs?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1109970/3535346/19753025/s65_robert.fuchs.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":101,"name":"Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2077,"name":"Speech Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":3979,"name":"English language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_language?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":6223,"name":"English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English?f_ri=21025"},{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":33445,"name":"Standard English Pronunciation- British and American Accent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Standard_English_Pronunciation-_British_and_American_Accent?f_ri=21025"},{"id":36491,"name":"English language and linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_language_and_linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":47394,"name":"Speech Rhythm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Rhythm?f_ri=21025"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":79643,"name":"English linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":100179,"name":"British English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_English?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8099729" data-work_id="8099729" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8099729/Phonetic_variation_in_Scottish_Gaelic_laterals">Phonetic variation in Scottish Gaelic laterals</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper is an acoustic investigation of laterals in contemporary Scottish Gaelic. Scottish Gaelic is described as having three phonemic laterals /l̪ˠ l̪ʲ l/, which have previously been the subject of small-scale acoustic and static... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8099729" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper is an acoustic investigation of laterals in contemporary Scottish Gaelic. Scottish Gaelic is described as having three phonemic laterals /l̪ˠ l̪ʲ l/, which have previously been the subject of small-scale acoustic and static palatographic work. I expand on previous acoustic studies, including static and dynamic formant measures, and consider data from the diverse contemporary Gaelic-speaking population including [1] older speakers in a Gaelic-heartland area, [2] middle-aged speakers living in Glasgow, [3] adolescent speakers in immersion education in a heartland area, [4] adolescents in immersion education in Glasgow. Results suggest overall maintenance of the triple lateral system, but with substantial variation in the production of (phonemically) palatalised laterals in particular, which some young Glaswegians do not produce. These results are discussed with reference to language change in language revitalisation contexts, language contact, and modes of acquisition in revitalisation contexts.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8099729" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d7b6a361a4a9723570bd09aa6ffb3b9f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35316653,"asset_id":8099729,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35316653/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="118731" href="https://lancaster.academia.edu/ClaireNance">Claire Nance</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="118731" type="text/json">{"id":118731,"first_name":"Claire","last_name":"Nance","domain_name":"lancaster","page_name":"ClaireNance","display_name":"Claire Nance","profile_url":"https://lancaster.academia.edu/ClaireNance?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/118731/31898/34284833/s65_claire.nance.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8099729 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8099729"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8099729, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8099729", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8099729]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8099729").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8099729").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8099729"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1188" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_revitalization">Language revitalization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1188" type="text/json">{"id":1188,"name":"Language revitalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_revitalization?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies">Celtic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1392" type="text/json">{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8099729]'), work: {"id":8099729,"title":"Phonetic variation in Scottish Gaelic laterals","created_at":"2014-08-27T00:00:18.026-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8099729/Phonetic_variation_in_Scottish_Gaelic_laterals?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_8099729","summary":"This paper is an acoustic investigation of laterals in contemporary Scottish Gaelic. Scottish Gaelic is described as having three phonemic laterals /l̪ˠ l̪ʲ l/, which have previously been the subject of small-scale acoustic and static palatographic work. I expand on previous acoustic studies, including static and dynamic formant measures, and consider data from the diverse contemporary Gaelic-speaking population including [1] older speakers in a Gaelic-heartland area, [2] middle-aged speakers living in Glasgow, [3] adolescent speakers in immersion education in a heartland area, [4] adolescents in immersion education in Glasgow. Results suggest overall maintenance of the triple lateral system, but with substantial variation in the production of (phonemically) palatalised laterals in particular, which some young Glaswegians do not produce. These results are discussed with reference to language change in language revitalisation contexts, language contact, and modes of acquisition in revitalisation contexts.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35316653,"asset_id":8099729,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":118731,"first_name":"Claire","last_name":"Nance","domain_name":"lancaster","page_name":"ClaireNance","display_name":"Claire Nance","profile_url":"https://lancaster.academia.edu/ClaireNance?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/118731/31898/34284833/s65_claire.nance.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1188,"name":"Language revitalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_revitalization?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":6672,"name":"Celtic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":7966,"name":"Scottish Gaelic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scottish_Gaelic_Studies?f_ri=21025"},{"id":8938,"name":"Sociophonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociophonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":16164,"name":"Minority Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Minority_Languages?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":50796,"name":"Language contact","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_contact?f_ri=21025"},{"id":53925,"name":"Language revitalisation and shift","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_revitalisation_and_shift?f_ri=21025"},{"id":54255,"name":"Scottish Gaelic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scottish_Gaelic?f_ri=21025"},{"id":218288,"name":"Gaelic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gaelic?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1125474,"name":"New minority language speakers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_minority_language_speakers?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_21904999" data-work_id="21904999" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21904999/_2000_Manuale_di_Fonetica_articolatoria_acustica_e_forense">(2000) Manuale di Fonetica articolatoria acustica e forense</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/21904999" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="04baac0890bfd77e8355a1075d19501f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42639522,"asset_id":21904999,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen 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romito","profile_url":"https://unical-it.academia.edu/lucianoromito?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/36853485/11463758/18130162/s65_luciano.romito.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_21904999 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="21904999"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 21904999, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_21904999", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_21904999 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21904999; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_21904999"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_21904999 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21904999"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21904999; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21904999]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_21904999").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_21904999").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="21904999"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2014" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forensic_Linguistics">Forensic Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2014" type="text/json">{"id":2014,"name":"Forensic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forensic_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24938" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Articulatory_Phonetics">Articulatory Phonetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="24938" type="text/json">{"id":24938,"name":"Articulatory Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Articulatory_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=21904999]'), work: {"id":21904999,"title":"(2000) Manuale di Fonetica articolatoria acustica e forense","created_at":"2016-02-13T01:10:32.633-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/21904999/_2000_Manuale_di_Fonetica_articolatoria_acustica_e_forense?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_21904999","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42639522,"asset_id":21904999,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":36853485,"first_name":"luciano","last_name":"romito","domain_name":"unical-it","page_name":"lucianoromito","display_name":"luciano romito","profile_url":"https://unical-it.academia.edu/lucianoromito?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/36853485/11463758/18130162/s65_luciano.romito.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2014,"name":"Forensic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forensic_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":24938,"name":"Articulatory Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Articulatory_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2283588" data-work_id="2283588" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2283588/Pre_aspiration_and_post_aspiration_in_Scottish_Gaelic_stop_consonants">Pre-aspiration and post-aspiration in Scottish Gaelic stop consonants</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper aims to describe pre-aspirated and post-aspirated stops in an endangered language, Scottish Gaelic. Our small-scale study investigates several acoustic parameters of Scottish Gaelic stop consonants designed to measure the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2283588" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper aims to describe pre-aspirated and post-aspirated stops in an endangered language, Scottish Gaelic. Our small-scale study investigates several acoustic parameters of Scottish Gaelic stop consonants designed to measure the duration and noisiness of aspiration of the stop in its immediate phonetic context. Our study expands on previous phonetic descriptions of phonemic (pre-)aspiration in three ways: firstly, we provide a more complete durational description of Scottish Gaelic than previous work in the literature; secondly, we apply a new measure, band-pass filtered zero crossing rate (Gordeeva & Scobbie 2010), in order to examine the noisiness of aspiration in addition to durational characteristics. The results from this measure are presented in tandem with durational results in order to assess its usefulness for future research. Thirdly, we consider the possibility of change in the Scottish Gaelic stop system by examining data from older and younger speakers. Results suggest that band-pass filtered zero crossing rate is a useful tool and should be considered in future research on aspiration. Also, durational and zero crossing results indicate that younger speakers have shorter and less noisy pre-aspiration than older speakers. We discuss these results as a possible sound change in progress.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2283588" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4bb921e48ef16b54c3f7b931fb3dce40" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35316677,"asset_id":2283588,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35316677/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="118731" href="https://lancaster.academia.edu/ClaireNance">Claire Nance</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="118731" type="text/json">{"id":118731,"first_name":"Claire","last_name":"Nance","domain_name":"lancaster","page_name":"ClaireNance","display_name":"Claire Nance","profile_url":"https://lancaster.academia.edu/ClaireNance?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/118731/31898/34284833/s65_claire.nance.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2283588 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2283588"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2283588, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2283588", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2283588]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2283588").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2283588").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2283588"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="499" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustics">Acoustics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="499" type="text/json">{"id":499,"name":"Acoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies">Celtic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1392" type="text/json">{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2283588]'), work: {"id":2283588,"title":"Pre-aspiration and post-aspiration in Scottish Gaelic stop consonants","created_at":"2012-12-12T18:05:59.813-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2283588/Pre_aspiration_and_post_aspiration_in_Scottish_Gaelic_stop_consonants?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_2283588","summary":"This paper aims to describe pre-aspirated and post-aspirated stops in an endangered language, Scottish Gaelic. Our small-scale study investigates several acoustic parameters of Scottish Gaelic stop consonants designed to measure the duration and noisiness of aspiration of the stop in its immediate phonetic context. Our study expands on previous phonetic descriptions of phonemic (pre-)aspiration in three ways: firstly, we provide a more complete durational description of Scottish Gaelic than previous work in the literature; secondly, we apply a new measure, band-pass filtered zero crossing rate (Gordeeva \u0026 Scobbie 2010), in order to examine the noisiness of aspiration in addition to durational characteristics. The results from this measure are presented in tandem with durational results in order to assess its usefulness for future research. Thirdly, we consider the possibility of change in the Scottish Gaelic stop system by examining data from older and younger speakers. Results suggest that band-pass filtered zero crossing rate is a useful tool and should be considered in future research on aspiration. Also, durational and zero crossing results indicate that younger speakers have shorter and less noisy pre-aspiration than older speakers. We discuss these results as a possible sound change in progress.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35316677,"asset_id":2283588,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":118731,"first_name":"Claire","last_name":"Nance","domain_name":"lancaster","page_name":"ClaireNance","display_name":"Claire Nance","profile_url":"https://lancaster.academia.edu/ClaireNance?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/118731/31898/34284833/s65_claire.nance.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":499,"name":"Acoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":6672,"name":"Celtic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":7966,"name":"Scottish Gaelic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scottish_Gaelic_Studies?f_ri=21025"},{"id":8938,"name":"Sociophonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociophonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":54255,"name":"Scottish Gaelic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scottish_Gaelic?f_ri=21025"},{"id":151207,"name":"Sound change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sound_change?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30083233" data-work_id="30083233" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30083233/Machuca_Llisterri_y_R%C3%ADos_2015_Las_pausas_sonoras_y_los_alargamientos_en_espa%C3%B1ol_un_estudio_preliminar">Machuca, Llisterri y Ríos (2015). Las pausas sonoras y los alargamientos en español: un estudio preliminar</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Aunque los fenómenos de hesitación en el discurso –pausas sonoras y alargamientos– se han abordado desde diferentes puntos de vista, son escasos los estudios que analizan sus manifestaciones acústicas en español. En este trabajo se... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30083233" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Aunque los fenómenos de hesitación en el discurso –pausas sonoras y alargamientos– se han abordado desde diferentes puntos de vista, son escasos los estudios que analizan sus manifestaciones acústicas en español. En este trabajo se presenta una caracterización preliminar de las hesitaciones que, generalmente, suelen aparecer en el habla espontánea con diferentes funciones discursivas. Se han analizado 180 minutos de conversaciones en las que han participado seis hablantes, con una duración aproximada de 30 minutos cada una, y 30 fragmentos de producción espontánea de un minuto de duración correspondientes a tres sesiones de grabación de 10 locutores. En las primeras se da una interacción entre los participantes, mientras que en las segundas, el hablante sabe que no será interrumpido durante su intervención. El análisis acústico se ha complementado con un estudio perceptivo en el que los oyentes debían valorar la naturalidad y la espontaneidad de los mismos fragmentos presentados con o sin alargamiento y con o sin pausa sonora. Los resultados muestran, en primer lugar, que la pausa sonora más frecuente en español es [eː]. Los valores medios y las desviaciones correspondientes a la duración de los alargamientos y de las pausas sonoras no arrojan diferencias significativas entre estas hesitaciones. No obstante, el rango de los valores medios debería considerarse en la caracterización de tales elementos. Además, los resultados indican que el hecho de que el hablante sepa que no va a ser interrumpido conlleva un incremento de la aparición de hesitaciones en habla espontánea. Los enunciados con pausas y alargamientos se perciben con el mismo grado de naturalidad si se comparan con una versión de los mismos enunciados en la que se han eliminado las hesitaciones, pero no con idéntico nivel de espontaneidad. Finalmente, cabe resaltar que los alargamientos suelen percibirse en el discurso como si el hablante hubiera realizado un silencio. ABSTRACT: Hesitations in spontaneous speech –filled pauses and lengthenings– have been approached from different perspectives, but their acoustic characteristics in Spanish have not yet been systematically analyzed. The aim of this preliminary study is to characterize hesitations that are used in spontaneous speech with different discourse functions. The corpus consisted of six spontaneous conversations between 2 participants, with a duration of about 30 minutes each, and 30 spontaneous fragments of a minute of duration corresponding to three sessions recorded by 10 speakers. In the conversations, participants interacted with each other, whereas in the spontaneous fragments, the speaker knew that he would not be interrupted. The acoustic</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30083233" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ce7517a382e77e1893a0c9e2da72c455" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50534613,"asset_id":30083233,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50534613/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="57208035" href="https://uab.academia.edu/Mar%C3%ADaJMachuca">María J. Machuca</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="57208035" type="text/json">{"id":57208035,"first_name":"María J.","last_name":"Machuca","domain_name":"uab","page_name":"MaríaJMachuca","display_name":"María J. Machuca","profile_url":"https://uab.academia.edu/Mar%C3%ADaJMachuca?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/57208035/15019511/15754130/s65_mar_a_j..machuca.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30083233 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30083233"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30083233, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30083233", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30083233 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30083233; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30083233"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30083233 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30083233"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30083233; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30083233]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30083233").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30083233").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30083233"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12492" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spanish_Linguistics">Spanish Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12492" type="text/json">{"id":12492,"name":"Spanish Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spanish_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30083233]'), work: {"id":30083233,"title":"Machuca, Llisterri y Ríos (2015). Las pausas sonoras y los alargamientos en español: un estudio preliminar","created_at":"2016-11-25T02:35:28.256-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30083233/Machuca_Llisterri_y_R%C3%ADos_2015_Las_pausas_sonoras_y_los_alargamientos_en_espa%C3%B1ol_un_estudio_preliminar?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_30083233","summary":"Aunque los fenómenos de hesitación en el discurso –pausas sonoras y alargamientos– se han abordado desde diferentes puntos de vista, son escasos los estudios que analizan sus manifestaciones acústicas en español. En este trabajo se presenta una caracterización preliminar de las hesitaciones que, generalmente, suelen aparecer en el habla espontánea con diferentes funciones discursivas. Se han analizado 180 minutos de conversaciones en las que han participado seis hablantes, con una duración aproximada de 30 minutos cada una, y 30 fragmentos de producción espontánea de un minuto de duración correspondientes a tres sesiones de grabación de 10 locutores. En las primeras se da una interacción entre los participantes, mientras que en las segundas, el hablante sabe que no será interrumpido durante su intervención. El análisis acústico se ha complementado con un estudio perceptivo en el que los oyentes debían valorar la naturalidad y la espontaneidad de los mismos fragmentos presentados con o sin alargamiento y con o sin pausa sonora. Los resultados muestran, en primer lugar, que la pausa sonora más frecuente en español es [eː]. Los valores medios y las desviaciones correspondientes a la duración de los alargamientos y de las pausas sonoras no arrojan diferencias significativas entre estas hesitaciones. No obstante, el rango de los valores medios debería considerarse en la caracterización de tales elementos. Además, los resultados indican que el hecho de que el hablante sepa que no va a ser interrumpido conlleva un incremento de la aparición de hesitaciones en habla espontánea. Los enunciados con pausas y alargamientos se perciben con el mismo grado de naturalidad si se comparan con una versión de los mismos enunciados en la que se han eliminado las hesitaciones, pero no con idéntico nivel de espontaneidad. Finalmente, cabe resaltar que los alargamientos suelen percibirse en el discurso como si el hablante hubiera realizado un silencio. ABSTRACT: Hesitations in spontaneous speech –filled pauses and lengthenings– have been approached from different perspectives, but their acoustic characteristics in Spanish have not yet been systematically analyzed. The aim of this preliminary study is to characterize hesitations that are used in spontaneous speech with different discourse functions. The corpus consisted of six spontaneous conversations between 2 participants, with a duration of about 30 minutes each, and 30 spontaneous fragments of a minute of duration corresponding to three sessions recorded by 10 speakers. In the conversations, participants interacted with each other, whereas in the spontaneous fragments, the speaker knew that he would not be interrupted. The acoustic","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50534613,"asset_id":30083233,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":57208035,"first_name":"María J.","last_name":"Machuca","domain_name":"uab","page_name":"MaríaJMachuca","display_name":"María J. 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Para se poder rever aquela imagem, os dados de Brissos / Rodrigues necessitam, porém, de ser testados à luz do confronto com uma rede densa de inquéritos. Levamos a cabo esse confronto neste artigo, chegando a uma proposta de reformulação da variedade dialetal do noroeste português assente em três pilares: a área da variedade é muito mais estendida do que é referido tradicionalmente; o traço identificador da variedade, a ditongação de vogais tónicas, deixa apenas de fora as vogais cardinais; existe ditongação não apenas com semivogais altas mas também com semivogais não-altas centrais. Daí resulta a primeira revisão concreta da proposta de Cintra, procedimento que defendemos<br />ser importante introduzir nos estudos dialetais do português. Desse novo quadro resulta, por sua vez, um novo posicionamento de algumas questões essenciais de história e fonética/fonologia da língua portuguesa.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37984657" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d02376c95b5ac70150dc804119a60145" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58002588,"asset_id":37984657,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58002588/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="51515860" href="https://lisboa.academia.edu/FernandoBrissos">Fernando Brissos</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="51515860" type="text/json">{"id":51515860,"first_name":"Fernando","last_name":"Brissos","domain_name":"lisboa","page_name":"FernandoBrissos","display_name":"Fernando Brissos","profile_url":"https://lisboa.academia.edu/FernandoBrissos?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/51515860/86060687/74719522/s65_fernando.brissos.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37984657 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37984657"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37984657, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37984657", }); 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TESOL">TESOL</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5794" type="text/json">{"id":5794,"name":"TESOL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TESOL?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=734378]'), work: {"id":734378,"title":"Phonetic correlates of unintelligibility in Vietnamese-accented English","created_at":"2011-07-11T06:45:29.303-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/734378/Phonetic_correlates_of_unintelligibility_in_Vietnamese_accented_English?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_734378","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":4189416,"asset_id":734378,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3866,"first_name":"Una","last_name":"Cunningham","domain_name":"su-se","page_name":"UnaCunningham","display_name":"Una 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Pronunciation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_Pronunciation?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1338089,"name":"Unintelligibility","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Unintelligibility?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15483138" data-work_id="15483138" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15483138/The_21st_Century_Voice_Contemporary_and_Traditional_Extra_Normal_Voice_2nd_Edition_Rowman_and_Littlefield_2015_">The 21st-Century Voice Contemporary and Traditional Extra-Normal Voice, 2nd Edition. Rowman & Littlefield (2015)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In The 21st-Century Voice: Contemporary and Traditional Extra-Normal Voice, Michael Edward Edgerton considers contemporary vocal techniques within an acoustic and anatomical framework. Throughout, he proposes new directions for vocal... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15483138" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In The 21st-Century Voice: Contemporary and Traditional Extra-Normal Voice, Michael Edward Edgerton considers contemporary vocal techniques within an acoustic and anatomical framework. Throughout, he proposes new directions for vocal exploration. Much more than a historical treatise on 20th-century masterworks or vocal science, The 21st-Century Voice explores experimental methods of sound production, offering a systematic series of approaches and methods for assessing, engaging, and, in some instances, overcoming the assumed limits of vocal singing. <br /> <br />Appearing a decade after the publication of the first edition, this second edition draws on and advances our current understandings of voice production. Divided into four parts—air flow, source, resonance/articulation, and heightened potentials—Edgerton considers crucial matters affecting vocal production, such as <br /> <br />    Registral challenges <br />    Filtering <br />    Airflow modification <br />    Combinatorial, multiphonic principles <br />    Extreme voice possibilities <br />    Multidimensional vocal issues <br /> <br /> <br />With more than 250 illustrations, 150 associated audio tracks, an extended appendix on voice science, a glossary of key terms, and lists of representative compositions, The 21st-Century Voice will appeal to composers and performers interested in exploring the ever-broadening range of vocal possibilities. Its engagement with the complexities of vocal production should also be relevant to students and scholars of voice science, acoustics, linguistics, computer modeling, and more. </div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15483138" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ac437d51894c7c677825d05a04797e2c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38693589,"asset_id":15483138,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38693589/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="118012" href="https://lu.academia.edu/MichaelEdgerton">Michael Edgerton</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="118012" type="text/json">{"id":118012,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Edgerton","domain_name":"lu","page_name":"MichaelEdgerton","display_name":"Michael Edgerton","profile_url":"https://lu.academia.edu/MichaelEdgerton?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/118012/31704/2295543/s65_michael.edgerton.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15483138 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15483138"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15483138, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15483138", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15483138]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_15483138").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_15483138").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="15483138"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="499" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustics">Acoustics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="499" type="text/json">{"id":499,"name":"Acoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="671" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music">Music</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="671" type="text/json">{"id":671,"name":"Music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="676" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Musical_Composition">Musical Composition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="676" type="text/json">{"id":676,"name":"Musical Composition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Musical_Composition?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="945" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performing_Arts">Performing Arts</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="945" type="text/json">{"id":945,"name":"Performing Arts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performing_Arts?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15483138]'), work: {"id":15483138,"title":"The 21st-Century Voice Contemporary and Traditional Extra-Normal Voice, 2nd Edition. Rowman \u0026 Littlefield (2015)","created_at":"2015-09-07T08:33:40.539-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15483138/The_21st_Century_Voice_Contemporary_and_Traditional_Extra_Normal_Voice_2nd_Edition_Rowman_and_Littlefield_2015_?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_15483138","summary":"In The 21st-Century Voice: Contemporary and Traditional Extra-Normal Voice, Michael Edward Edgerton considers contemporary vocal techniques within an acoustic and anatomical framework. Throughout, he proposes new directions for vocal exploration. Much more than a historical treatise on 20th-century masterworks or vocal science, The 21st-Century Voice explores experimental methods of sound production, offering a systematic series of approaches and methods for assessing, engaging, and, in some instances, overcoming the assumed limits of vocal singing.\r\n\r\nAppearing a decade after the publication of the first edition, this second edition draws on and advances our current understandings of voice production. Divided into four parts—air flow, source, resonance/articulation, and heightened potentials—Edgerton considers crucial matters affecting vocal production, such as\r\n\r\n Registral challenges\r\n Filtering\r\n Airflow modification\r\n Combinatorial, multiphonic principles\r\n Extreme voice possibilities\r\n Multidimensional vocal issues\r\n\r\n\r\nWith more than 250 illustrations, 150 associated audio tracks, an extended appendix on voice science, a glossary of key terms, and lists of representative compositions, The 21st-Century Voice will appeal to composers and performers interested in exploring the ever-broadening range of vocal possibilities. Its engagement with the complexities of vocal production should also be relevant to students and scholars of voice science, acoustics, linguistics, computer modeling, and more. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38693589,"asset_id":15483138,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":118012,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Edgerton","domain_name":"lu","page_name":"MichaelEdgerton","display_name":"Michael Edgerton","profile_url":"https://lu.academia.edu/MichaelEdgerton?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/118012/31704/2295543/s65_michael.edgerton.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":499,"name":"Acoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":671,"name":"Music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":676,"name":"Musical Composition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Musical_Composition?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":945,"name":"Performing Arts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performing_Arts?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":3796,"name":"Composition (Music)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composition_Music_?f_ri=21025"},{"id":8967,"name":"Musical acoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Musical_acoustics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":10145,"name":"Voice (Music)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Voice_Music_?f_ri=21025"},{"id":20860,"name":"20th/21st Century Vocal music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/20th_21st_Century_Vocal_music?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":25165,"name":"Vocal Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vocal_Pedagogy?f_ri=21025"},{"id":31319,"name":"20th century Avant-Garde","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/20th_century_Avant-Garde?f_ri=21025"},{"id":54495,"name":"Voice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Voice?f_ri=21025"},{"id":70733,"name":"Vocal performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vocal_performance?f_ri=21025"},{"id":147416,"name":"Acoustics and Vibration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustics_and_Vibration?f_ri=21025"},{"id":255389,"name":"20th and 21st-Century Music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/20th_and_21st-Century_Music?f_ri=21025"},{"id":486925,"name":"Singing, Vocal Techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Singing_Vocal_Techniques?f_ri=21025"},{"id":570629,"name":"Voice Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Voice_Science?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48987515" data-work_id="48987515" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48987515/Psycho_Acoustic_and_Inferential_Acoustic_Notes">Psycho-Acoustic and Inferential Acoustic Notes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">“This science behind the creation of words, which was neglected for so long, should not be allowed to remain undiscovered,” claims Prabhat Rainjan Sarkar. “This is not only the case here – the same thing has been happening with all of the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48987515" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">“This science behind the creation of words, which was neglected for so long, should not be allowed to remain undiscovered,” claims Prabhat Rainjan Sarkar. “This is not only the case here – the same thing has been happening with all of the world’s languages. Wherever there are people, words are created based on these psycho-acoustic notes.” “First a vibration arises in the nerves when an object is seen, then a mental sound is created and finally a word is made based on that sound. In this way the original verbal roots of language are created based on psychic sounds, and different words have been created, and are being created, from these verbal roots.” P. R. Sarkar, (1921-1990), was a master of languages and a spiritual guru in the tradition of Shiva and Krishna, who founded the socio-spiritual movement Ananda Marga (“the Path of Bliss”).  –  Richard Gauthier, Department of Chemistry and Physics, Santa Rosa Junior College, Santa Rosa, California, USA, May 19, 2021.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48987515" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5992c9a08c254cdf4c26ec905b784cd7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67385356,"asset_id":48987515,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67385356/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5442344" href="https://santarosa.academia.edu/RichardGauthier">Richard Gauthier</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5442344" type="text/json">{"id":5442344,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Gauthier","domain_name":"santarosa","page_name":"RichardGauthier","display_name":"Richard Gauthier","profile_url":"https://santarosa.academia.edu/RichardGauthier?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5442344/2390571/2783333/s65_richard.gauthier.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48987515 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48987515"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48987515, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48987515", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48987515]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48987515").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48987515").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48987515"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="95" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Linguistics">History of Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="95" type="text/json">{"id":95,"name":"History of Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="101" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages">Languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="101" type="text/json">{"id":101,"name":"Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="499" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustics">Acoustics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="499" type="text/json">{"id":499,"name":"Acoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48987515]'), work: {"id":48987515,"title":"Psycho-Acoustic and Inferential Acoustic Notes","created_at":"2021-05-19T13:55:24.394-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48987515/Psycho_Acoustic_and_Inferential_Acoustic_Notes?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_48987515","summary":"“This science behind the creation of words, which was neglected for so long, should not be allowed to remain undiscovered,” claims Prabhat Rainjan Sarkar. “This is not only the case here – the same thing has been happening with all of the world’s languages. Wherever there are people, words are created based on these psycho-acoustic notes.” “First a vibration arises in the nerves when an object is seen, then a mental sound is created and finally a word is made based on that sound. In this way the original verbal roots of language are created based on psychic sounds, and different words have been created, and are being created, from these verbal roots.” P. R. Sarkar, (1921-1990), was a master of languages and a spiritual guru in the tradition of Shiva and Krishna, who founded the socio-spiritual movement Ananda Marga (“the Path of Bliss”). – Richard Gauthier, Department of Chemistry and Physics, Santa Rosa Junior College, Santa Rosa, California, USA, May 19, 2021.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67385356,"asset_id":48987515,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5442344,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Gauthier","domain_name":"santarosa","page_name":"RichardGauthier","display_name":"Richard Gauthier","profile_url":"https://santarosa.academia.edu/RichardGauthier?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5442344/2390571/2783333/s65_richard.gauthier.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":95,"name":"History of Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":101,"name":"Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":499,"name":"Acoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":6921,"name":"Sanskrit","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sanskrit?f_ri=21025"},{"id":7709,"name":"Applied Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":8967,"name":"Musical acoustics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Musical_acoustics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":10157,"name":"Corpus Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corpus_Linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":19827,"name":"Indo-Aryan Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indo-Aryan_Linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":41296,"name":"Indo-Aryan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indo-Aryan?f_ri=21025"},{"id":47348,"name":"Sanskrit Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sanskrit_Philology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":52673,"name":"Sanskrit Grammar and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sanskrit_Grammar_and_Linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":108356,"name":"Etimology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Etimology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":416434,"name":"Indo-Aryan Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indo-Aryan_Languages?f_ri=21025"},{"id":487509,"name":"Aryan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aryan?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43230571" data-work_id="43230571" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43230571/%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B5">Есть ли дифтонги в орочонском языке?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">One of the contradictory issues in the Orochon phonology is the absence / presence of diphthongs. Within the theoretical study conducted, we compared the Orochon phonological system with the Chinese and acquired the information about... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43230571" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">One of the contradictory issues in the Orochon phonology is the absence / presence of diphthongs. Within the theoretical study conducted, we compared the Orochon phonological system with the Chinese and acquired the information about phonological systems of other Tungus-Manchu languages that are closely related to Orochon - first of all, the Evenki language. Our experimental study aimed at analyzing acoustic features of the Orochon tokens where groups of vowels could possibly be formed and comparing them to the <br />ones in Evenki. The major finding was that in the Oroqen Autonomous Banner dialect, the deletion of intervocalic /j/, /w/ and /ɡ/ caused /ea/, /ua/, and /uə/ vowel-group forming that might enter the vowel system as diphthongs in the nearest future. The same deletion occurred in Lesser Khingan dialect of Orochon leading to long vowel forming. In the Evenki Selemdzha sub-dialect, no deletion of the intervocalic consonants was found.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43230571" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a856454839d418c2ae2dbca763d36dde" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63499765,"asset_id":43230571,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63499765/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="159874020" href="https://amursu.academia.edu/OlgaMorozova">Olga Morozova</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="159874020" type="text/json">{"id":159874020,"first_name":"Olga","last_name":"Morozova","domain_name":"amursu","page_name":"OlgaMorozova","display_name":"Olga Morozova","profile_url":"https://amursu.academia.edu/OlgaMorozova?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/159874020/44800417/35146700/s65_olga.morozova.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43230571 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43230571"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43230571, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43230571", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43230571]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43230571").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43230571").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43230571"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60338" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology">Phonetics and Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60338" type="text/json">{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="726309" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evenki">Evenki</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="726309" type="text/json">{"id":726309,"name":"Evenki","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evenki?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3568595" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oroqen_language">Oroqen language</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3568595" type="text/json">{"id":3568595,"name":"Oroqen language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oroqen_language?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43230571]'), work: {"id":43230571,"title":"Есть ли дифтонги в орочонском языке?","created_at":"2020-06-01T23:41:37.384-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43230571/%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B5?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_43230571","summary":"One of the contradictory issues in the Orochon phonology is the absence / presence of diphthongs. Within the theoretical study conducted, we compared the Orochon phonological system with the Chinese and acquired the information about phonological systems of other Tungus-Manchu languages that are closely related to Orochon - first of all, the Evenki language. Our experimental study aimed at analyzing acoustic features of the Orochon tokens where groups of vowels could possibly be formed and comparing them to the \nones in Evenki. The major finding was that in the Oroqen Autonomous Banner dialect, the deletion of intervocalic /j/, /w/ and /ɡ/ caused /ea/, /ua/, and /uə/ vowel-group forming that might enter the vowel system as diphthongs in the nearest future. The same deletion occurred in Lesser Khingan dialect of Orochon leading to long vowel forming. In the Evenki Selemdzha sub-dialect, no deletion of the intervocalic consonants was found. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63499765,"asset_id":43230571,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":159874020,"first_name":"Olga","last_name":"Morozova","domain_name":"amursu","page_name":"OlgaMorozova","display_name":"Olga Morozova","profile_url":"https://amursu.academia.edu/OlgaMorozova?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/159874020/44800417/35146700/s65_olga.morozova.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":726309,"name":"Evenki","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evenki?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":3568595,"name":"Oroqen language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oroqen_language?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11577651 coauthored" data-work_id="11577651" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11577651/La_nasalidad_como_fen%C3%B3meno_fonol%C3%B3gico_en_lenguas_otomangues_Evidencia_instrumental_del_chinanteco_y_mazateco_Presentaci%C3%B3n_COLOV_VI_">La nasalidad como fenómeno fonológico en lenguas otomangues: Evidencia instrumental del chinanteco y mazateco (Presentación COLOV VI)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Resultados del experimento con el nasómetro para medir y distinguir los distintos grados de nasalidad presentes en segmentos nasales en dos lenguas otomangues: mazateco y chinanteco.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11577651" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9b5cac998b1765a8416e3e71da321281" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37065307,"asset_id":11577651,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37065307/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1238269" href="https://enah.academia.edu/CarlosWagner">Carlos Wagner</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1238269" type="text/json">{"id":1238269,"first_name":"Carlos","last_name":"Wagner","domain_name":"enah","page_name":"CarlosWagner","display_name":"Carlos Wagner","profile_url":"https://enah.academia.edu/CarlosWagner?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1238269/450512/148423108/s65_carlos.wagner.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-11577651">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-11577651"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ciesasdocencia.academia.edu/MarioEChavezPeon">Mario E. Chavez-Peon</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://enah.academia.edu/MiriamManzano">Miriam Manzano</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-11577651'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-11577651').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11577651 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11577651"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11577651, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11577651", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11577651 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11577651; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11577651"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11577651 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11577651"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11577651; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11577651]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11577651").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11577651").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11577651"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13167" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology">Laboratory/Experimental Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13167" type="text/json">{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11577651]'), work: {"id":11577651,"title":"La nasalidad como fenómeno fonológico en lenguas otomangues: Evidencia instrumental del chinanteco y mazateco (Presentación COLOV VI)","created_at":"2015-03-21T20:54:29.332-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11577651/La_nasalidad_como_fen%C3%B3meno_fonol%C3%B3gico_en_lenguas_otomangues_Evidencia_instrumental_del_chinanteco_y_mazateco_Presentaci%C3%B3n_COLOV_VI_?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_11577651","summary":"Resultados del experimento con el nasómetro para medir y distinguir los distintos grados de nasalidad presentes en segmentos nasales en dos lenguas otomangues: mazateco y chinanteco.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37065307,"asset_id":11577651,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1238269,"first_name":"Carlos","last_name":"Wagner","domain_name":"enah","page_name":"CarlosWagner","display_name":"Carlos Wagner","profile_url":"https://enah.academia.edu/CarlosWagner?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1238269/450512/148423108/s65_carlos.wagner.png"},{"id":3658181,"first_name":"Mario E.","last_name":"Chavez-Peon","domain_name":"ciesasdocencia","page_name":"MarioEChavezPeon","display_name":"Mario E. Chavez-Peon","profile_url":"https://ciesasdocencia.academia.edu/MarioEChavezPeon?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3658181/7995930/8956357/s65_mario_e..chavez-peon.jpg"},{"id":15946687,"first_name":"Miriam","last_name":"Manzano","domain_name":"enah","page_name":"MiriamManzano","display_name":"Miriam Manzano","profile_url":"https://enah.academia.edu/MiriamManzano?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15946687/4318605/10064730/s65_miriam.manzano.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":39150,"name":"Mesoamerican linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesoamerican_linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":179383,"name":"Otomanguean Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Otomanguean_Linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":237101,"name":"Mesoamerican languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesoamerican_languages?f_ri=21025"},{"id":479830,"name":"NASOMETRO","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/NASOMETRO?f_ri=21025"},{"id":545670,"name":"Mazatlán Mazatec","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mazatlan_Mazatec?f_ri=21025"},{"id":650347,"name":"Chinantecan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chinantecan?f_ri=21025"},{"id":659230,"name":"Nasality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nasality?f_ri=21025"},{"id":888429,"name":"Fonología Del Mazateco","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fonologia_Del_Mazateco?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1190872,"name":"Mazatec","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mazatec?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1416945,"name":"Fonología De Lenguas Chinantecas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fonologia_De_Lenguas_Chinantecas?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1416959,"name":"Fonología Segmental Y Tonal Del Mazateco","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fonologia_Segmental_Y_Tonal_Del_Mazateco?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1416960,"name":"Lenguas Otomangues","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lenguas_Otomangues?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15117762" data-work_id="15117762" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15117762/Optimizing_the_extraction_of_vowel_formants">Optimizing the extraction of vowel formants</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">The chapter compares a number of settings of formant extraction in Praat and Snack (implemented in Wavesurfer) with manually verified formant values, in order to determine whether the default settings perform the best.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" 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container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15117762", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_15117762 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15117762; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_15117762"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_15117762 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15117762"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15117762; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15117762]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_15117762").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_15117762").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="15117762"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15817" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Communication">Speech Communication</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15817" type="text/json">{"id":15817,"name":"Speech Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Communication?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="36835" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Processing">Speech Processing</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="36835" type="text/json">{"id":36835,"name":"Speech Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Processing?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15117762]'), work: {"id":15117762,"title":"Optimizing the extraction of vowel formants","created_at":"2015-08-23T08:18:14.361-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15117762/Optimizing_the_extraction_of_vowel_formants?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_15117762","summary":"The chapter compares a number of settings of formant extraction in Praat and Snack (implemented in Wavesurfer) with manually verified formant values, in order to determine whether the default settings perform the best.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38548495,"asset_id":15117762,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16611407,"first_name":"Radek","last_name":"Skarnitzl","domain_name":"cuni","page_name":"RadekSkarnitzl","display_name":"Radek Skarnitzl","profile_url":"https://cuni.academia.edu/RadekSkarnitzl?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16611407/7000814/7893556/s65_radek.skarnitzl.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":15817,"name":"Speech Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Communication?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":36835,"name":"Speech Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Processing?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}]}, }) } 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href="https://elte.academia.edu/KolomanBrenner">Koloman Brenner</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33248211" type="text/json">{"id":33248211,"first_name":"Koloman","last_name":"Brenner","domain_name":"elte","page_name":"KolomanBrenner","display_name":"Koloman Brenner","profile_url":"https://elte.academia.edu/KolomanBrenner?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33248211/10352841/11552866/s65_koloman.brenner.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27068306 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27068306"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27068306, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27068306", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_27068306 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6148" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/German_Language">German Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6148" type="text/json">{"id":6148,"name":"German Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/German_Language?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27068306]'), work: {"id":27068306,"title":"Plosive der deutschen Dialekte in West-Ungarn","created_at":"2016-07-18T05:25:11.158-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27068306/Plosive_der_deutschen_Dialekte_in_West_Ungarn?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_27068306","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47322190,"asset_id":27068306,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33248211,"first_name":"Koloman","last_name":"Brenner","domain_name":"elte","page_name":"KolomanBrenner","display_name":"Koloman Brenner","profile_url":"https://elte.academia.edu/KolomanBrenner?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33248211/10352841/11552866/s65_koloman.brenner.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":384,"name":"German 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work_45332165" data-work_id="45332165" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45332165/Prosody_and_intonation_in_Formosan_languages">Prosody and intonation in Formosan languages</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Formosan languages are the languages of the Aboriginal peoples of Taiwan. These languages are part of the Austronesian language family, and represent all but one primary branch of this family of 1,200+ languages. The Formosan... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45332165" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Formosan languages are the languages of the Aboriginal peoples of Taiwan. These languages are part of the Austronesian language family, and represent all but one primary branch of this family of 1,200+ languages. The Formosan languages are endangered, some critically so. While these languages have seen attention in the literature for their syntactic and phonological systems, little work has been done on their prosodic structure or intonation.<br /><br />This dissertation analyzes the prosodic structure and intonational phonology of Mantauran Rukai, Budai Rukai, Tsou, Kanakanavu, Hla’alua, Sandimen Paiwan, Piuma Paiwan, Kavalan, Amis, Bunun, Tgdaya Seediq, Truku Seediq, and Pazeh, based on original fieldwork. In addition, archival materials are incorporated into analyses of Tsou, Truku Seediq, Tgdaya Seediq, and Puyuma.<br /><br />This study finds that the Formosan languages show rich tonal phonologies in their intonational systems, and have complex interactions between stress assignment and morphology. Some examples include the following: Mantauran Rukai, previously described as an initial-stress language, actually has a complex stress assignment system with an alternation between first- and third-syllable stress, which as a system is unique in descriptions of stress assignment in the world’s languages. Hla’alua (Saaroa), previously described as having free variation between antepenultimate and penultimate stress, actually has an accent system in which some lexical items are consistently produced without an accented syllable, while others are. Hla’alua also has a rich tonal phonology assigned at two higher levels of the prosodic hierarchy. Kavalan has a unique rule that causes spreading tones to shift to the opposite domain edge when a certain number of tonal elements are aligned to the same boundary. Elements of the intonational phonology in Amis and Kavalan include glottal stops in addition to tonal elements. Bunun has distinct pitch accent melodies for words vs. clitics.<br /><br />In addition to the unique features found in individual Formosan languages, this dissertation’s comparative study finds at least two geographic areas within Taiwan in which features of prosody and intonation cluster. One is southwestern Taiwan, including Tsou, Kanakanavu, Hla’alua, and Rukai, which share features including a lack of glide-vowel contrasts and variability of initial H vs. L elements in certain prosodic domains. The other is eastern Taiwan, including Amis, Kavalan, and Puyuma, which share features including suppression of non-IP-final pitch accents, alternations between ultimate and pre-ultimate F0 peaks across intonational contours, and interactions between glottal stop epenthesis and intonational phonology.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45332165" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0eeff539129803a1839e130fe8a9dd8e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65873456,"asset_id":45332165,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65873456/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="81230356" href="https://lu.academia.edu/BenMacaulay">Ben Macaulay</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="81230356" type="text/json">{"id":81230356,"first_name":"Ben","last_name":"Macaulay","domain_name":"lu","page_name":"BenMacaulay","display_name":"Ben Macaulay","profile_url":"https://lu.academia.edu/BenMacaulay?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/81230356/23261518/39848874/s65_ben.macaulay.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45332165 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45332165"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45332165, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45332165", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45332165]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45332165").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45332165").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45332165"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1207" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics">Historical Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1207" type="text/json">{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5602" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Austronesian_Languages">Austronesian Languages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5602" type="text/json">{"id":5602,"name":"Austronesian Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Austronesian_Languages?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45332165]'), work: {"id":45332165,"title":"Prosody and intonation in Formosan languages","created_at":"2021-03-03T05:42:51.317-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45332165/Prosody_and_intonation_in_Formosan_languages?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_45332165","summary":"The Formosan languages are the languages of the Aboriginal peoples of Taiwan. These languages are part of the Austronesian language family, and represent all but one primary branch of this family of 1,200+ languages. The Formosan languages are endangered, some critically so. While these languages have seen attention in the literature for their syntactic and phonological systems, little work has been done on their prosodic structure or intonation.\n\nThis dissertation analyzes the prosodic structure and intonational phonology of Mantauran Rukai, Budai Rukai, Tsou, Kanakanavu, Hla’alua, Sandimen Paiwan, Piuma Paiwan, Kavalan, Amis, Bunun, Tgdaya Seediq, Truku Seediq, and Pazeh, based on original fieldwork. In addition, archival materials are incorporated into analyses of Tsou, Truku Seediq, Tgdaya Seediq, and Puyuma.\n\nThis study finds that the Formosan languages show rich tonal phonologies in their intonational systems, and have complex interactions between stress assignment and morphology. Some examples include the following: Mantauran Rukai, previously described as an initial-stress language, actually has a complex stress assignment system with an alternation between first- and third-syllable stress, which as a system is unique in descriptions of stress assignment in the world’s languages. Hla’alua (Saaroa), previously described as having free variation between antepenultimate and penultimate stress, actually has an accent system in which some lexical items are consistently produced without an accented syllable, while others are. Hla’alua also has a rich tonal phonology assigned at two higher levels of the prosodic hierarchy. Kavalan has a unique rule that causes spreading tones to shift to the opposite domain edge when a certain number of tonal elements are aligned to the same boundary. Elements of the intonational phonology in Amis and Kavalan include glottal stops in addition to tonal elements. Bunun has distinct pitch accent melodies for words vs. clitics.\n\nIn addition to the unique features found in individual Formosan languages, this dissertation’s comparative study finds at least two geographic areas within Taiwan in which features of prosody and intonation cluster. One is southwestern Taiwan, including Tsou, Kanakanavu, Hla’alua, and Rukai, which share features including a lack of glide-vowel contrasts and variability of initial H vs. L elements in certain prosodic domains. The other is eastern Taiwan, including Amis, Kavalan, and Puyuma, which share features including suppression of non-IP-final pitch accents, alternations between ultimate and pre-ultimate F0 peaks across intonational contours, and interactions between glottal stop epenthesis and intonational phonology.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65873456,"asset_id":45332165,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":81230356,"first_name":"Ben","last_name":"Macaulay","domain_name":"lu","page_name":"BenMacaulay","display_name":"Ben Macaulay","profile_url":"https://lu.academia.edu/BenMacaulay?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/81230356/23261518/39848874/s65_ben.macaulay.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":5602,"name":"Austronesian Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Austronesian_Languages?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":5603,"name":"Endangered Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endangered_Languages?f_ri=21025"},{"id":9183,"name":"Comparative Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":15646,"name":"Intonation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intonation?f_ri=21025"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":16462,"name":"Formosan languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Formosan_languages?f_ri=21025"},{"id":16463,"name":"Fieldwork in linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fieldwork_in_linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":38910,"name":"Linguistic Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Typology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":41144,"name":"Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosody?f_ri=21025"},{"id":42943,"name":"Descriptive Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Descriptive_Linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":55429,"name":"Austronesian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Austronesian?f_ri=21025"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":86664,"name":"Austronesian linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Austronesian_linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":94451,"name":"Taiwan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Taiwan?f_ri=21025"},{"id":197667,"name":"Clitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clitics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":492716,"name":"Autosegmental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autosegmental_Phonology?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2497641" data-work_id="2497641" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2497641/Fonetica_Acustica_and_Sociofonetica">Fonetica Acustica & Sociofonetica</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">ENGLISH The lecture is part of the seminar "Linguistica and Linguistiche", organized in the University of Eastern Piedmont (Vercelli, Italy) by prof. Marina Castagneto. The lecture is split in three parts. In the first part (11 am-1pm)... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2497641" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">ENGLISH <br />The lecture is part of the seminar "Linguistica and Linguistiche", organized in the University of Eastern Piedmont (Vercelli, Italy) by prof. Marina Castagneto. <br />The lecture is split in three parts. In the first part (11 am-1pm) students are introduced to the basics concepts of Acoustic Phonetics, with special emphasis on the main features of Italian vowels and consonants as visible on the spectrum and the spectrogram. In the second part of the lecture (2-3 pm) I talk about Sociophonetics, by introducing this paradigm of research with some theoretical and methodological considerations as well as a practical example from my own PhD thesis (now ongoing at University of Pavia and Free University of Bozen). Finally, in the last part (3-4 pm) students can practice in recognizing and analyzing spectrograms with Italian examples (see the handout). <br /> <br /> <br />ITALIANO <br />La presente lezione rientra nell'ambito del ciclo di seminari "Linguistica e Lingustiche" organizzato all'Università del Piemonte Orientale (Vercelli) dalla prof.ssa Marina Castagneto. <br />La lezione si divide in tre parti. Una prima parte (ore 11-13) propone di indagare i principi basilari della fonetica acustica con particolare enfasi sul riconoscimento e i tratti distintivi delle vocali e delle consonanti della lingua italiana così come emergono dall’analisi dello spettro e dello spettrogramma. Nella seconda parte della lezione (ore 14-15) è stato invece introdotto il paradigma di ricerca sociofonetico, con alcune considerazioni teoriche e metalinguistiche e un esempio pratico di ricerca tratto dalla mia tesi di dottorato (in corso di svolgimento alla Università di Pavia e Libera Università di Bolzano). Infine, nell'ultima parte della lezione (ore 15-16) i partecipanti hanno avuto modo di esercitarsi nel riconoscimento e nell'analisi dello spettrogramma con esempi in lingua italiana (vedi handout).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2497641" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e657e8daff57ccdf3bf59276f312e511" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30515262,"asset_id":2497641,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30515262/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1042533" href="https://unimi.academia.edu/ChiaraMeluzzi">Chiara Meluzzi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1042533" type="text/json">{"id":1042533,"first_name":"Chiara","last_name":"Meluzzi","domain_name":"unimi","page_name":"ChiaraMeluzzi","display_name":"Chiara Meluzzi","profile_url":"https://unimi.academia.edu/ChiaraMeluzzi?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1042533/360815/41107478/s65_chiara.meluzzi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2497641 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2497641"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2497641, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2497641", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_2497641 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2497641; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_2497641"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_2497641 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="2497641"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2497641; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2497641]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2497641").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2497641").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2497641"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2524" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics">Sociolinguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2524" type="text/json">{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8938" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociophonetics">Sociophonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8938" type="text/json">{"id":8938,"name":"Sociophonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociophonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2497641]'), work: {"id":2497641,"title":"Fonetica Acustica \u0026 Sociofonetica","created_at":"2013-02-01T02:12:30.432-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2497641/Fonetica_Acustica_and_Sociofonetica?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_2497641","summary":"ENGLISH\r\nThe lecture is part of the seminar \"Linguistica and Linguistiche\", organized in the University of Eastern Piedmont (Vercelli, Italy) by prof. Marina Castagneto. \r\nThe lecture is split in three parts. In the first part (11 am-1pm) students are introduced to the basics concepts of Acoustic Phonetics, with special emphasis on the main features of Italian vowels and consonants as visible on the spectrum and the spectrogram. In the second part of the lecture (2-3 pm) I talk about Sociophonetics, by introducing this paradigm of research with some theoretical and methodological considerations as well as a practical example from my own PhD thesis (now ongoing at University of Pavia and Free University of Bozen). Finally, in the last part (3-4 pm) students can practice in recognizing and analyzing spectrograms with Italian examples (see the handout).\r\n\r\n\r\nITALIANO\r\nLa presente lezione rientra nell'ambito del ciclo di seminari \"Linguistica e Lingustiche\" organizzato all'Università del Piemonte Orientale (Vercelli) dalla prof.ssa Marina Castagneto.\r\nLa lezione si divide in tre parti. Una prima parte (ore 11-13) propone di indagare i principi basilari della fonetica acustica con particolare enfasi sul riconoscimento e i tratti distintivi delle vocali e delle consonanti della lingua italiana così come emergono dall’analisi dello spettro e dello spettrogramma. Nella seconda parte della lezione (ore 14-15) è stato invece introdotto il paradigma di ricerca sociofonetico, con alcune considerazioni teoriche e metalinguistiche e un esempio pratico di ricerca tratto dalla mia tesi di dottorato (in corso di svolgimento alla Università di Pavia e Libera Università di Bolzano). Infine, nell'ultima parte della lezione (ore 15-16) i partecipanti hanno avuto modo di esercitarsi nel riconoscimento e nell'analisi dello spettrogramma con esempi in lingua italiana (vedi handout).\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":30515262,"asset_id":2497641,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":30515305,"asset_id":2497641,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1042533,"first_name":"Chiara","last_name":"Meluzzi","domain_name":"unimi","page_name":"ChiaraMeluzzi","display_name":"Chiara Meluzzi","profile_url":"https://unimi.academia.edu/ChiaraMeluzzi?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1042533/360815/41107478/s65_chiara.meluzzi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":8938,"name":"Sociophonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociophonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_71356667" data-work_id="71356667" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71356667/Studies_of_vowel_and_consonant_reduction">Studies of vowel and consonant reduction</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In normal (casual) speaking modes, speakers often modify, or seemingly delete, segments that are produced in citation forms of the same words. This paper discusses three examples of how attention to the acoustic detail of spoken language... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_71356667" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In normal (casual) speaking modes, speakers often modify, or seemingly delete, segments that are produced in citation forms of the same words.  This paper discusses three examples of how attention to the acoustic detail of spoken language can reveal aspects of the articulation which are perhaps not readily apparent in more cursory examination of the speech signal.  A lexical access model which is sensitive to such acoustic detail will find a better match between both normal and citation spoken forms and their shared abstract representation, than pone which is not.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/71356667" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8dd61a466012989b4f072900b73b82e6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81368265,"asset_id":71356667,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81368265/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="108750540" href="https://independent.academia.edu/StefanieShattuckHufnagel">Stefanie Shattuck-Hufnagel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="108750540" type="text/json">{"id":108750540,"first_name":"Stefanie","last_name":"Shattuck-Hufnagel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StefanieShattuckHufnagel","display_name":"Stefanie Shattuck-Hufnagel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StefanieShattuckHufnagel?f_ri=21025","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_71356667 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="71356667"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71356667, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_71356667", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71356667]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_71356667").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_71356667").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="71356667"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17540" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology">English Phonetics and Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17540" type="text/json">{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=71356667]'), work: {"id":71356667,"title":"Studies of vowel and consonant reduction","created_at":"2022-02-13T08:44:25.148-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/71356667/Studies_of_vowel_and_consonant_reduction?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_71356667","summary":"In normal (casual) speaking modes, speakers often modify, or seemingly delete, segments that are produced in citation forms of the same words. This paper discusses three examples of how attention to the acoustic detail of spoken language can reveal aspects of the articulation which are perhaps not readily apparent in more cursory examination of the speech signal. A lexical access model which is sensitive to such acoustic detail will find a better match between both normal and citation spoken forms and their shared abstract representation, than pone which is not.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81368265,"asset_id":71356667,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":108750540,"first_name":"Stefanie","last_name":"Shattuck-Hufnagel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StefanieShattuckHufnagel","display_name":"Stefanie Shattuck-Hufnagel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StefanieShattuckHufnagel?f_ri=21025","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7142292" data-work_id="7142292" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7142292/Estonian_Emotional_Speech_Corpus_Theoretical_base_and_implementation">Estonian Emotional Speech Corpus: Theoretical base and implementation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">"The establishment of the Estonian Emotional Speech Corpus (EESC) began in 2006 within the framework of the National Programme for Estonian Language Technology at the Institute of the Estonian Language. The corpus contains 1,234 Estonian... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7142292" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">"The establishment of the Estonian Emotional Speech Corpus (EESC) began in 2006 within the framework of the National Programme for Estonian Language Technology at the Institute of the Estonian Language. The corpus contains 1,234 Estonian sentences that express anger, joy and sadness, or are neutral. The sentences come from text passages read out by non-professionals who were not given any explicit indication of the target emotion. It was assumed that the content of the text would elicit an emotion in the reader and that this would be expressed in their voice. This avoids the exaggerations of acted speech. The emotion of each sentence in the corpus was then determined by listening tests. The corpus is publicly available at <a href="http://peeter.eki.ee:5000/" rel="nofollow">http://peeter.eki.ee:5000/</a>. <br />This article gives an overview of the theoretical starting-points of the corpus and their usefulness for its implementation."</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7142292" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bdd0e8c9961e520cf84e1ee191a91a74" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33778341,"asset_id":7142292,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33778341/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="12321031" href="https://eki.academia.edu/HillePajupuu">Hille Pajupuu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="12321031" type="text/json">{"id":12321031,"first_name":"Hille","last_name":"Pajupuu","domain_name":"eki","page_name":"HillePajupuu","display_name":"Hille Pajupuu","profile_url":"https://eki.academia.edu/HillePajupuu?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/12321031/3531927/12895278/s65_hille.pajupuu.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7142292 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7142292"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7142292, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7142292", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7142292]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7142292").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7142292").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7142292"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="867" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception">Perception</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="867" type="text/json">{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2077" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody">Speech Prosody</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2077" type="text/json">{"id":2077,"name":"Speech Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2238" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pragmatics">Pragmatics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2238" type="text/json">{"id":2238,"name":"Pragmatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pragmatics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7142292]'), work: {"id":7142292,"title":"Estonian Emotional Speech Corpus: Theoretical base and implementation","created_at":"2014-05-23T23:09:42.450-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7142292/Estonian_Emotional_Speech_Corpus_Theoretical_base_and_implementation?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_7142292","summary":"\"The establishment of the Estonian Emotional Speech Corpus (EESC) began in 2006 within the framework of the National Programme for Estonian Language Technology at the Institute of the Estonian Language. The corpus contains 1,234 Estonian sentences that express anger, joy and sadness, or are neutral. The sentences come from text passages read out by non-professionals who were not given any explicit indication of the target emotion. It was assumed that the content of the text would elicit an emotion in the reader and that this would be expressed in their voice. This avoids the exaggerations of acted speech. The emotion of each sentence in the corpus was then determined by listening tests. The corpus is publicly available at http://peeter.eki.ee:5000/.\r\nThis article gives an overview of the theoretical starting-points of the corpus and their usefulness for its implementation.\"","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33778341,"asset_id":7142292,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":12321031,"first_name":"Hille","last_name":"Pajupuu","domain_name":"eki","page_name":"HillePajupuu","display_name":"Hille Pajupuu","profile_url":"https://eki.academia.edu/HillePajupuu?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/12321031/3531927/12895278/s65_hille.pajupuu.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2077,"name":"Speech Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2238,"name":"Pragmatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pragmatics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":4972,"name":"Psycholinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psycholinguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":5391,"name":"Speech perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_perception?f_ri=21025"},{"id":11984,"name":"Speech Recognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Recognition?f_ri=21025"},{"id":15817,"name":"Speech Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Communication?f_ri=21025"},{"id":20191,"name":"Estonian Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Estonian_Language?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21498,"name":"Affect/Emotion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Affect_Emotion?f_ri=21025"},{"id":27360,"name":"Databases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Databases?f_ri=21025"},{"id":42162,"name":"Emotions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emotions?f_ri=21025"},{"id":52672,"name":"Language Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Technology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":153153,"name":"Speech Corpora","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Corpora?f_ri=21025"},{"id":268153,"name":"Emotional Speech Corpus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emotional_Speech_Corpus?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1396361,"name":"Speech Emotions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Emotions?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1403420,"name":"Emotion Categories","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emotion_Categories?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4260619" data-work_id="4260619" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4260619/Praatla_fonetik_analiz_A%C3%A7%C4%B1klama_">Praat'la fonetik analiz (Açıklama)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Dikkat! Özelleştirilmiş Praat paketi aşağıdaki adresten indirilebilir: <br /><a href="https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0B4QKykn2bzqQa0JQRTZtU08yZWs?resourcekey=0-kYz6XS59uRJCKj4YuhaqhQ" rel="nofollow">https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0B4QKykn2bzqQa0JQRTZtU08yZWs?resourcekey=0-kYz6XS59uRJCKj4YuhaqhQ</a></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4260619" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f0477cac8909855180452f72f5368b8d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32943476,"asset_id":4260619,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32943476/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="322769" href="https://sbu-tr.academia.edu/MehmetAkifKILIC">Mehmet Akif KILIC</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="322769" type="text/json">{"id":322769,"first_name":"Mehmet Akif","last_name":"KILIC","domain_name":"sbu-tr","page_name":"MehmetAkifKILIC","display_name":"Mehmet Akif KILIC","profile_url":"https://sbu-tr.academia.edu/MehmetAkifKILIC?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/322769/352844/77230725/s65_mehmet_akif.kilic.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4260619 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4260619"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4260619, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4260619", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4260619 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4260619; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4260619"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4260619 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4260619"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4260619; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4260619]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4260619").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4260619").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4260619"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2167" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialectology">Dialectology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2167" type="text/json">{"id":2167,"name":"Dialectology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialectology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4260619]'), work: {"id":4260619,"title":"Praat'la fonetik analiz (Açıklama)","created_at":"2013-08-17T05:15:37.054-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4260619/Praatla_fonetik_analiz_A%C3%A7%C4%B1klama_?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_4260619","summary":"Dikkat! Özelleştirilmiş Praat paketi aşağıdaki adresten indirilebilir:\r\nhttps://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0B4QKykn2bzqQa0JQRTZtU08yZWs?resourcekey=0-kYz6XS59uRJCKj4YuhaqhQ\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32943476,"asset_id":4260619,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":322769,"first_name":"Mehmet Akif","last_name":"KILIC","domain_name":"sbu-tr","page_name":"MehmetAkifKILIC","display_name":"Mehmet Akif KILIC","profile_url":"https://sbu-tr.academia.edu/MehmetAkifKILIC?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/322769/352844/77230725/s65_mehmet_akif.kilic.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2167,"name":"Dialectology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialectology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34006241 coauthored" data-work_id="34006241" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34006241/The_Perception_of_English_Intonation_Patterns_by_German_L2_speakers_of_English">The Perception of English Intonation Patterns by German L2 speakers of English</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Previous research suggests that intonation is a particularly challenging aspect of L2 speech learning. While most research focuses on speech production, we widen the focus and study the perception of intonation by L2 learners. We... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34006241" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Previous research suggests that intonation is a particularly challenging aspect of L2 speech learning. While most research focuses on speech production, we widen the focus and study the perception of intonation by L2 learners. We investigate whether advanced German learners of English have knowledge of the appropriate English intonation patterns in a narrative context with different sentence types (e.g. statements, questions). The results of a tonal pattern selection task indicate that learners (n=20) performed similar to British English controls (n=25) for some sentence types (e.g. statements, yes/no-questions), but performed significantly worse than the control group in the case of open and closed tag questions and the expression of sarcasm. The results can be explained by the fact that tag questions are the only sentence type investigated that does not exist in the learners' L1, and sarcasm is not represented syntactically. This suggests that L1 influence can partly account for why some intonation patterns are more challenging than others, and that contextualized knowledge of the intonation patterns of the target language rather than knowledge of intonation patterns in isolation is crucial for the successful L2 learning of intonation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34006241" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="eccf73bb901853303f2285ac590d1c40" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53952681,"asset_id":34006241,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53952681/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1109970" href="https://uni-bonn.academia.edu/RFuchs">Robert Fuchs</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1109970" type="text/json">{"id":1109970,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Fuchs","domain_name":"uni-bonn","page_name":"RFuchs","display_name":"Robert Fuchs","profile_url":"https://uni-bonn.academia.edu/RFuchs?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1109970/3535346/19753025/s65_robert.fuchs.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-34006241">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-34006241"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://lsi-bochum.academia.edu/KarinPuga">Karin Puga</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-34006241'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-34006241').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34006241 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34006241"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34006241; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34006241]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34006241").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34006241").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34006241"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">29</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="101" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages">Languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="101" type="text/json">{"id":101,"name":"Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1007" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_as_a_Second_Language">Teaching English as a Second Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1007" type="text/json">{"id":1007,"name":"Teaching English as a Second Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_as_a_Second_Language?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1008" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Language_Acquisition">Second Language Acquisition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1008" type="text/json">{"id":1008,"name":"Second Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Language_Acquisition?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34006241]'), work: {"id":34006241,"title":"The Perception of English Intonation Patterns by German L2 speakers of English","created_at":"2017-07-23T08:19:20.379-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34006241/The_Perception_of_English_Intonation_Patterns_by_German_L2_speakers_of_English?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_34006241","summary":"Previous research suggests that intonation is a particularly challenging aspect of L2 speech learning. While most research focuses on speech production, we widen the focus and study the perception of intonation by L2 learners. We investigate whether advanced German learners of English have knowledge of the appropriate English intonation patterns in a narrative context with different sentence types (e.g. statements, questions). The results of a tonal pattern selection task indicate that learners (n=20) performed similar to British English controls (n=25) for some sentence types (e.g. statements, yes/no-questions), but performed significantly worse than the control group in the case of open and closed tag questions and the expression of sarcasm. The results can be explained by the fact that tag questions are the only sentence type investigated that does not exist in the learners' L1, and sarcasm is not represented syntactically. This suggests that L1 influence can partly account for why some intonation patterns are more challenging than others, and that contextualized knowledge of the intonation patterns of the target language rather than knowledge of intonation patterns in isolation is crucial for the successful L2 learning of intonation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53952681,"asset_id":34006241,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1109970,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Fuchs","domain_name":"uni-bonn","page_name":"RFuchs","display_name":"Robert Fuchs","profile_url":"https://uni-bonn.academia.edu/RFuchs?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1109970/3535346/19753025/s65_robert.fuchs.png"},{"id":66856328,"first_name":"Karin","last_name":"Puga","domain_name":"lsi-bochum","page_name":"KarinPuga","display_name":"Karin Puga","profile_url":"https://lsi-bochum.academia.edu/KarinPuga?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/66856328/19938405/73974849/s65_karin.puga.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":101,"name":"Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1007,"name":"Teaching English as a Second Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_as_a_Second_Language?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1008,"name":"Second Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Language_Acquisition?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":2077,"name":"Speech Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody?f_ri=21025"},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":3979,"name":"English language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_language?f_ri=21025"},{"id":6148,"name":"German Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/German_Language?f_ri=21025"},{"id":6223,"name":"English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English?f_ri=21025"},{"id":10632,"name":"World Englishes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/World_Englishes?f_ri=21025"},{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":15439,"name":"Teaching English As A Foreign Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_As_A_Foreign_Language?f_ri=21025"},{"id":15646,"name":"Intonation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intonation?f_ri=21025"},{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":24937,"name":"Perceptual Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perceptual_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":25021,"name":"Hong Kong","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hong_Kong?f_ri=21025"},{"id":31224,"name":"Phonetics and Pronunciation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Pronunciation?f_ri=21025"},{"id":56281,"name":"English language and literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_language_and_literature?f_ri=21025"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":64434,"name":"Lingustics and Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lingustics_and_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":74234,"name":"Experimental Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":87453,"name":"Phonetics \u0026 Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology-3?f_ri=21025"},{"id":94965,"name":"English intonation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_intonation?f_ri=21025"},{"id":99517,"name":"English as a Foreign Language (EFL)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_as_a_Foreign_Language_EFL_?f_ri=21025"},{"id":105570,"name":"Asian Englishes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Asian_Englishes?f_ri=21025"},{"id":241873,"name":"Prosodic phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosodic_phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":630822,"name":"Intonational Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intonational_Phonology?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_57645404" data-work_id="57645404" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/57645404/Word_in_Hmong">Word in Hmong</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Hmong possesses both phonological words and grammatical words that may be comprised of one or more syllables. Phonological words are characterized by a prominence in certain pragmatic situations combined with a lack of pauses within the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_57645404" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Hmong possesses both phonological words and grammatical words that may be comprised of one or more syllables. Phonological words are characterized by a prominence in certain pragmatic situations combined with a lack of pauses within the word, and the minimal consonant-vowel-tone structure of a syllable is a minor third criterion handling the phonotactically unusual enclitic clause-final markers such as =os 'CFM:SOFT'. Grammatical words are characterized by grammatical cohesion of two types-isolability, where words can appear alone in their domain, and the absence of separability, where components of a word cannot be separated-in addition to serving as the domain for reduplication and lexical tone melody alternations. With the identification of grammatical wordhood, affixes and compounds can be recognized in Hmong, and coordinate compounds and four-syllable elaborate expressions can be distinguished as set expressions and templatic constructions, respectively. Mismatches between phonological and grammatical word include the presence of clitics and cliticization in casual spt.ech at a moderate rate of speed, involving morphemes such as tsis 'NEG', puas 'Q' and =os 'CFM:SOFT: where two grammatical words combine into a single phonological word, and four-syllable elaborate expressions, which may constitute single grammatical words or be formed from multiple grammatical words or even intermediate cases, and comprise two phonological words.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/57645404" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6345ff2ffd8356ccda5f858a6630a53e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":72445196,"asset_id":57645404,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72445196/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27253874" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/NathanWhite">Nathan M White</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27253874" type="text/json">{"id":27253874,"first_name":"Nathan","last_name":"White","domain_name":"jamescook","page_name":"NathanWhite","display_name":"Nathan M White","profile_url":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/NathanWhite?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27253874/81090497/69678371/s65_nathan.white.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_57645404 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="57645404"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 57645404, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_57645404", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_57645404 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 57645404; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_57645404"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_57645404 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="57645404"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 57645404; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=57645404]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_57645404").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_57645404").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="57645404"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38910" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Typology">Linguistic Typology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38910" type="text/json">{"id":38910,"name":"Linguistic Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Typology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50391" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Word_formation">Word formation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="50391" type="text/json">{"id":50391,"name":"Word formation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Word_formation?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="95360" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectral_analysis">Spectral analysis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="95360" type="text/json">{"id":95360,"name":"Spectral analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectral_analysis?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=57645404]'), work: {"id":57645404,"title":"Word in Hmong","created_at":"2021-10-13T18:03:01.225-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/57645404/Word_in_Hmong?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_57645404","summary":"Hmong possesses both phonological words and grammatical words that may be comprised of one or more syllables. Phonological words are characterized by a prominence in certain pragmatic situations combined with a lack of pauses within the word, and the minimal consonant-vowel-tone structure of a syllable is a minor third criterion handling the phonotactically unusual enclitic clause-final markers such as =os 'CFM:SOFT'. Grammatical words are characterized by grammatical cohesion of two types-isolability, where words can appear alone in their domain, and the absence of separability, where components of a word cannot be separated-in addition to serving as the domain for reduplication and lexical tone melody alternations. With the identification of grammatical wordhood, affixes and compounds can be recognized in Hmong, and coordinate compounds and four-syllable elaborate expressions can be distinguished as set expressions and templatic constructions, respectively. Mismatches between phonological and grammatical word include the presence of clitics and cliticization in casual spt.ech at a moderate rate of speed, involving morphemes such as tsis 'NEG', puas 'Q' and =os 'CFM:SOFT: where two grammatical words combine into a single phonological word, and four-syllable elaborate expressions, which may constitute single grammatical words or be formed from multiple grammatical words or even intermediate cases, and comprise two phonological words.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":72445196,"asset_id":57645404,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27253874,"first_name":"Nathan","last_name":"White","domain_name":"jamescook","page_name":"NathanWhite","display_name":"Nathan M White","profile_url":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/NathanWhite?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27253874/81090497/69678371/s65_nathan.white.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":38910,"name":"Linguistic Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Typology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":50391,"name":"Word formation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Word_formation?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":95360,"name":"Spectral analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectral_analysis?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":615022,"name":"Hmong-Mien languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hmong-Mien_languages?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15293293" data-work_id="15293293" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15293293/_New_Scottish_Gaelic_speakers_in_Glasgow_A_phonetic_study_of_language_revitalisation">‘New’ Scottish Gaelic speakers in Glasgow: A phonetic study of language revitalisation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article analyses phonetic variation among young people who have learned a minority language in immersion schooling as part of revitalisation measures. Such speakers are increasingly referred to as ‘new speakers’ in an expanding body... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15293293" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article analyses phonetic variation among young people who have learned a minority language in immersion schooling as part of revitalisation measures. Such speakers are increasingly referred to as ‘new speakers’ in an expanding body of literature. The variable phonetic features analysed are vowels, laterals, and intonation in the speech of new Gaelic speakers from Glasgow and the Isle of Lewis. Results support previous work suggesting that new speakers will sound different from ‘traditional speakers’. These results are discussed in terms of language contact, modes of acquisition in re- vitalisation situations, and the differing perceptions and ideologies surrounding how new speakers use Gaelic. The data also necessitate an examination of some of the assumptions in sociolinguistic models of change and their applicability to contexts of rapid social evolution.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15293293" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fddbaae43d39ea675ad8a70b2e7550d4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38620520,"asset_id":15293293,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38620520/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="118731" href="https://lancaster.academia.edu/ClaireNance">Claire Nance</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="118731" type="text/json">{"id":118731,"first_name":"Claire","last_name":"Nance","domain_name":"lancaster","page_name":"ClaireNance","display_name":"Claire Nance","profile_url":"https://lancaster.academia.edu/ClaireNance?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/118731/31898/34284833/s65_claire.nance.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15293293 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15293293"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15293293, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15293293", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15293293]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_15293293").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_15293293").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="15293293"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1188" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_revitalization">Language revitalization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1188" type="text/json">{"id":1188,"name":"Language revitalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_revitalization?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1205" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contact_Linguistics">Contact Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1205" type="text/json">{"id":1205,"name":"Contact Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contact_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies">Celtic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1392" type="text/json">{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15293293]'), work: {"id":15293293,"title":"‘New’ Scottish Gaelic speakers in Glasgow: A phonetic study of language revitalisation","created_at":"2015-08-31T01:01:47.371-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15293293/_New_Scottish_Gaelic_speakers_in_Glasgow_A_phonetic_study_of_language_revitalisation?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_15293293","summary":"This article analyses phonetic variation among young people who have learned a minority language in immersion schooling as part of revitalisation measures. Such speakers are increasingly referred to as ‘new speakers’ in an expanding body of literature. The variable phonetic features analysed are vowels, laterals, and intonation in the speech of new Gaelic speakers from Glasgow and the Isle of Lewis. Results support previous work suggesting that new speakers will sound different from ‘traditional speakers’. These results are discussed in terms of language contact, modes of acquisition in re- vitalisation situations, and the differing perceptions and ideologies surrounding how new speakers use Gaelic. The data also necessitate an examination of some of the assumptions in sociolinguistic models of change and their applicability to contexts of rapid social evolution.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38620520,"asset_id":15293293,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":118731,"first_name":"Claire","last_name":"Nance","domain_name":"lancaster","page_name":"ClaireNance","display_name":"Claire Nance","profile_url":"https://lancaster.academia.edu/ClaireNance?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/118731/31898/34284833/s65_claire.nance.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1188,"name":"Language revitalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_revitalization?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1205,"name":"Contact Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contact_Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":5305,"name":"Scottish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scottish_Studies?f_ri=21025"},{"id":6672,"name":"Celtic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":7966,"name":"Scottish Gaelic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scottish_Gaelic_Studies?f_ri=21025"},{"id":15646,"name":"Intonation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intonation?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":53925,"name":"Language revitalisation and shift","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_revitalisation_and_shift?f_ri=21025"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":117873,"name":"Vowels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vowels?f_ri=21025"},{"id":326262,"name":"Scottish Gaelic linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scottish_Gaelic_linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":457645,"name":"Language Revitalization and Maintenance, Endangered Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Revitalization_and_Maintenance_Endangered_Languages?f_ri=21025"},{"id":974995,"name":"Gaelic Language and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gaelic_Language_and_Culture?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1125474,"name":"New minority language speakers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_minority_language_speakers?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36977772" data-work_id="36977772" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36977772/New_York_City_English_in_film_Phonological_change_in_reel_time">New York City English in film: Phonological change in reel time</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article analyzes the frequency of three traditional features of New York City English—vocalized /r/, raised tense /æh/ (bath), and raised tense /oh/ (thought)—in the on-screen speech of 22 actors raised in the greater New York City... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36977772" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article analyzes the frequency of three traditional features of New York City English—vocalized /r/, raised tense /æh/ (bath), and raised tense /oh/ (thought)—in the on-screen speech of 22 actors raised in the greater New York City region, in a diachronic selection of films that appeared between 1933 and 2003. Vocalization of /r/ is coded impressionistically as either present or absent; the vocalic variables are subjected to acoustic analysis. The resulting data show that the prevalence of New York City features in the actors' speech closely parallels that identified in both historical accounts of New York City English and more recent sociolinguistic studies of the speech of ordinary people. The data also correspond well with previous research on nonfilm speech in showing a decline in the frequency of traditional variants starting in the 1960s, at least for some speakers. Sociolinguistic analysis of more recent films and characters indicates a shifting social evaluation of traditional New York City English. This underlies a divergence between speakers who continue to use traditional dialect features, which now have exclusively covert, local prestige, and those who converge with nonlocal speech norms, which carry overt, global prestige.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36977772" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8f6d4e42e7e9c22fafcb63491958ff54" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56927080,"asset_id":36977772,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56927080/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13979813" href="https://mcgill.academia.edu/CharlesBoberg">Dr. Charles Boberg</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13979813" type="text/json">{"id":13979813,"first_name":"Dr. Charles","last_name":"Boberg","domain_name":"mcgill","page_name":"CharlesBoberg","display_name":"Dr. Charles Boberg","profile_url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/CharlesBoberg?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13979813/3870288/4527195/s65_charles.boberg.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36977772 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36977772"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36977772, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36977772", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36977772]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36977772").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36977772").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36977772"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1555" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Film_Studies">Film Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1555" type="text/json">{"id":1555,"name":"Film Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Film_Studies?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2167" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialectology">Dialectology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2167" type="text/json">{"id":2167,"name":"Dialectology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialectology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2343" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialects_of_English">Dialects of English</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2343" type="text/json">{"id":2343,"name":"Dialects of English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialects_of_English?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2524" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics">Sociolinguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2524" type="text/json">{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36977772]'), work: {"id":36977772,"title":"New York City English in film: Phonological change in reel time","created_at":"2018-07-04T08:47:50.189-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36977772/New_York_City_English_in_film_Phonological_change_in_reel_time?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_36977772","summary":"This article analyzes the frequency of three traditional features of New York City English—vocalized /r/, raised tense /æh/ (bath), and raised tense /oh/ (thought)—in the on-screen speech of 22 actors raised in the greater New York City region, in a diachronic selection of films that appeared between 1933 and 2003. Vocalization of /r/ is coded impressionistically as either present or absent; the vocalic variables are subjected to acoustic analysis. The resulting data show that the prevalence of New York City features in the actors' speech closely parallels that identified in both historical accounts of New York City English and more recent sociolinguistic studies of the speech of ordinary people. The data also correspond well with previous research on nonfilm speech in showing a decline in the frequency of traditional variants starting in the 1960s, at least for some speakers. Sociolinguistic analysis of more recent films and characters indicates a shifting social evaluation of traditional New York City English. This underlies a divergence between speakers who continue to use traditional dialect features, which now have exclusively covert, local prestige, and those who converge with nonlocal speech norms, which carry overt, global prestige.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56927080,"asset_id":36977772,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13979813,"first_name":"Dr. Charles","last_name":"Boberg","domain_name":"mcgill","page_name":"CharlesBoberg","display_name":"Dr. Charles Boberg","profile_url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/CharlesBoberg?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13979813/3870288/4527195/s65_charles.boberg.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1555,"name":"Film Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Film_Studies?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2167,"name":"Dialectology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialectology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2343,"name":"Dialects of English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialects_of_English?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2525,"name":"Language Variation and Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Variation_and_Change?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":42298,"name":"Film and Media Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Film_and_Media_Studies?f_ri=21025"},{"id":42936,"name":"American English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_English?f_ri=21025"},{"id":87786,"name":"New York City","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_York_City?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1984834 coauthored" data-work_id="1984834" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1984834/T%C3%BCrkiye_T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7esindeki_yumu%C5%9Fak_g_%C3%BCns%C3%BCz%C3%BCn%C3%BCn_fonetik_analizi">Türkiye Türkçesindeki 'yumuşak g' ünsüzünün fonetik analizi</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1984834" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="46717ff32e59cd33d4e135aeb4247a0a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":29019970,"asset_id":1984834,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/29019970/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="322769" href="https://sbu-tr.academia.edu/MehmetAkifKILIC">Mehmet Akif KILIC</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="322769" type="text/json">{"id":322769,"first_name":"Mehmet Akif","last_name":"KILIC","domain_name":"sbu-tr","page_name":"MehmetAkifKILIC","display_name":"Mehmet Akif KILIC","profile_url":"https://sbu-tr.academia.edu/MehmetAkifKILIC?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/322769/352844/77230725/s65_mehmet_akif.kilic.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-1984834">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-1984834"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://hacettepe.academia.edu/mevluterdem">Mevlüt Erdem</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-1984834'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-1984834').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_1984834 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1984834"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1984834; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1984834]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1984834").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1984834").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1984834"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="337426" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkish_phonetics_phonology">Turkish phonetics, phonology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="337426" type="text/json">{"id":337426,"name":"Turkish phonetics, phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkish_phonetics_phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1984834]'), work: {"id":1984834,"title":"Türkiye Türkçesindeki 'yumuşak g' ünsüzünün fonetik analizi","created_at":"2012-10-01T03:30:47.033-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1984834/T%C3%BCrkiye_T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7esindeki_yumu%C5%9Fak_g_%C3%BCns%C3%BCz%C3%BCn%C3%BCn_fonetik_analizi?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_1984834","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":29019970,"asset_id":1984834,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":322769,"first_name":"Mehmet Akif","last_name":"KILIC","domain_name":"sbu-tr","page_name":"MehmetAkifKILIC","display_name":"Mehmet Akif KILIC","profile_url":"https://sbu-tr.academia.edu/MehmetAkifKILIC?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/322769/352844/77230725/s65_mehmet_akif.kilic.jpg"},{"id":6977356,"first_name":"Mevlüt","last_name":"Erdem","domain_name":"hacettepe","page_name":"mevluterdem","display_name":"Mevlüt Erdem","profile_url":"https://hacettepe.academia.edu/mevluterdem?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6977356/2844682/3321405/s65_m.erdem.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":337426,"name":"Turkish phonetics, phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkish_phonetics_phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43140506" data-work_id="43140506" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43140506/An%C3%A1lisis_fonol%C3%B3gico_de_las_consonantes_velarizadas_en_shipibo_selectividad_y_marcadez_en_la_relaci%C3%B3n_consonante_vocal">Análisis fonológico de las consonantes velarizadas en shipibo: selectividad y marcadez en la relación consonante-vocal</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">El shipibo, lengua de la familia pano, evidencia casos de consonantes bilabiales con segunda articulación dorsal. Este fenómeno es descrito en el presente estudio como un caso de velarización generado por la vocal central alta no... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43140506" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">El shipibo, lengua de la familia pano, evidencia casos de consonantes bilabiales con segunda articulación dorsal. Este fenómeno es descrito en el presente estudio como un caso de velarización generado por la vocal central alta no redondeada /ɨ/. Las consonantes complejas en cuestión son el producto de un proceso fonológico, razón por la cual carecen de estatus léxico; a saber, no conforman el inventario fonológico de la lengua shipiba. Sin embargo, el fenómeno es pasible de descripción y plantea una serie de desafíos a nivel teórico. En rigor, el fenómeno es selectivo, pues ocurre únicamente con consonantes bilabiales (en shipibo son tres): la consonante oclusiva bilabial sorda /p/, la consonante bilabial sonora /b/ y el sonido nasal bilabial /m/. Los segmentos anteriores adquieren una articulación de naturaleza secundaria, la cual se ejecuta de forma simultánea al movimiento articulatorio principal realizado con los labios, de forma que los sonidos devienen en las formas fonéticas [pˠ], [bˠ] y [mˠ], consistentes con la vocal central que condiciona el proceso. La selectividad del proceso supone que solo son los segmentos de tipo labial los que son producidos de forma compleja; así, no ocurre lo mismo con los sonidos coronales y dorsales. En tanto que tal, en el presente estudio se realiza un abordaje empírico del proceso a través de un análisis acústico y una pesquisa articulatoria, a fin de definir con claridad si los sonidos en cuestión se articulan o no con los labios retraídos. Además, de plantear conjeturas de carácter fonológico, pues sostenemos que la selectividad del proceso de velarización obedece a la naturaleza no marcada del fenómeno en shipibo; a saber, la lengua opta por la tendencia más natural. Para efectos del caso, se asumen los presupuestos de la fonología no lineal, específicamente la propuesta de Halle, Vaux y Wolfe (2000). Este modelo permite establecer predicciones sobre la base articulatoria del proceso mediante la distinción de los dominios de rasgos para la articulación principal y la articulación secundaria. De esta manera, se distingue el movimiento labial del dorsal en los términos antes señalados. Finalmente, se precisa de la teoría de optimalidad (TO) a fin de definir las razones por las cuales el shipibo opta por las consonantes bilabiales, y no las de otro tipo, para gatillar el fenómeno.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43140506" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="129a9c34b5283e39fe6de2836247f44b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63400090,"asset_id":43140506,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63400090/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16453192" href="https://falachi.academia.edu/RolandoRocha">Rolando Rocha Martínez</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16453192" type="text/json">{"id":16453192,"first_name":"Rolando","last_name":"Rocha Martínez","domain_name":"falachi","page_name":"RolandoRocha","display_name":"Rolando Rocha Martínez","profile_url":"https://falachi.academia.edu/RolandoRocha?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16453192/4482136/5192523/s65_rolando.rocha.jpg_oh_90551922171c5643281f409cdc2999e8_oe_54903ff0___gda___1418911254_3f768dcb1407d625d11dc5bc12bf9e0e"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43140506 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43140506"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43140506, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43140506", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43140506]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43140506").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43140506").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43140506"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24938" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Articulatory_Phonetics">Articulatory Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24938" type="text/json">{"id":24938,"name":"Articulatory Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Articulatory_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60338" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology">Phonetics and Phonology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="60338" type="text/json">{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43140506]'), work: {"id":43140506,"title":"Análisis fonológico de las consonantes velarizadas en shipibo: selectividad y marcadez en la relación consonante-vocal","created_at":"2020-05-22T18:56:31.746-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43140506/An%C3%A1lisis_fonol%C3%B3gico_de_las_consonantes_velarizadas_en_shipibo_selectividad_y_marcadez_en_la_relaci%C3%B3n_consonante_vocal?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_43140506","summary":"El shipibo, lengua de la familia pano, evidencia casos de consonantes bilabiales con segunda articulación dorsal. Este fenómeno es descrito en el presente estudio como un caso de velarización generado por la vocal central alta no redondeada /ɨ/. Las consonantes complejas en cuestión son el producto de un proceso fonológico, razón por la cual carecen de estatus léxico; a saber, no conforman el inventario fonológico de la lengua shipiba. Sin embargo, el fenómeno es pasible de descripción y plantea una serie de desafíos a nivel teórico. En rigor, el fenómeno es selectivo, pues ocurre únicamente con consonantes bilabiales (en shipibo son tres): la consonante oclusiva bilabial sorda /p/, la consonante bilabial sonora /b/ y el sonido nasal bilabial /m/. Los segmentos anteriores adquieren una articulación de naturaleza secundaria, la cual se ejecuta de forma simultánea al movimiento articulatorio principal realizado con los labios, de forma que los sonidos devienen en las formas fonéticas [pˠ], [bˠ] y [mˠ], consistentes con la vocal central que condiciona el proceso. La selectividad del proceso supone que solo son los segmentos de tipo labial los que son producidos de forma compleja; así, no ocurre lo mismo con los sonidos coronales y dorsales. En tanto que tal, en el presente estudio se realiza un abordaje empírico del proceso a través de un análisis acústico y una pesquisa articulatoria, a fin de definir con claridad si los sonidos en cuestión se articulan o no con los labios retraídos. Además, de plantear conjeturas de carácter fonológico, pues sostenemos que la selectividad del proceso de velarización obedece a la naturaleza no marcada del fenómeno en shipibo; a saber, la lengua opta por la tendencia más natural. Para efectos del caso, se asumen los presupuestos de la fonología no lineal, específicamente la propuesta de Halle, Vaux y Wolfe (2000). Este modelo permite establecer predicciones sobre la base articulatoria del proceso mediante la distinción de los dominios de rasgos para la articulación principal y la articulación secundaria. De esta manera, se distingue el movimiento labial del dorsal en los términos antes señalados. Finalmente, se precisa de la teoría de optimalidad (TO) a fin de definir las razones por las cuales el shipibo opta por las consonantes bilabiales, y no las de otro tipo, para gatillar el fenómeno.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63400090,"asset_id":43140506,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16453192,"first_name":"Rolando","last_name":"Rocha Martínez","domain_name":"falachi","page_name":"RolandoRocha","display_name":"Rolando Rocha Martínez","profile_url":"https://falachi.academia.edu/RolandoRocha?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16453192/4482136/5192523/s65_rolando.rocha.jpg_oh_90551922171c5643281f409cdc2999e8_oe_54903ff0___gda___1418911254_3f768dcb1407d625d11dc5bc12bf9e0e"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":24938,"name":"Articulatory Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Articulatory_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37517598" data-work_id="37517598" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37517598/REZUMAT_TEZA_HIATUL_INTERN_SI_HIATUL_EXTERN_IN_LIMBA_ROMANA_CONTEMPORANA_O_ANALIZA_ACUSTICA_pdf">REZUMAT TEZA - HIATUL INTERN SI HIATUL EXTERN IN LIMBA ROMANA CONTEMPORANA. 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О. Вакуленко. – Івано-Франківськ : Фоліант, 2015. – 361 с., іл.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">У монографії подано, обґрунтовано та розвинено комплексний пiдxiд до вживання і творення українських тeрмiнiв, заснований на використанні методів природничих наук і мовознавчих аспектів дослідження. Такий підхід створює передумови для... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_19925738" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">У монографії подано, обґрунтовано та розвинено комплексний пiдxiд до вживання і творення українських тeрмiнiв, заснований на використанні методів природничих наук і мовознавчих аспектів дослідження. Такий підхід створює передумови для того, щоб розглядати термінологію не лише як розділ лексики, сукупність термінів і вчення про них, а насамперед як науку про утворення, розвиток і функціонування термінів. За допомогою послідовного застосування статистичного та аналітичного методів досліджено теоретичні й практичні термінографічні проблеми, розкрито правописні аспекти відтворення запозичених та іншомовних слів. На основі методу акустичних інваріантів досліджено акустичні характеристики звуків української (а також англійської) мови та знайдено їх інваріантні акустичні параметри. У монографії відображено результати автора, одержані в процесі його наукової та викладацької роботи в Державній академії керівних кадрів освіти, Міжрегіональному інституті вдосконалення вчителів, Київському національному лінгвістичному університеті, Київському національному університеті імені Тараса Шевченка, Техаському університеті в Арлінгтоні (США), Єнському університеті імені Фрідріха Шіллера (Німеччина), Гіссенському університеті імені Юстуса Лібіга (Німеччина), Лейпцізькому університеті (Німеччина), Дрезденському технічному університеті (Німеччина), Університеті Країни басків (Іспанія), Українському мовно-інформаційному фонді Національної академії наук України.<br /><br />Для науковців, викладачів, аспірантів і студентів філологічних факультетів вищих навчальних закладів, а також для лексикографів, фонетистів, перекладачів і фахівців у галузі прикладної лінгвістики, української термінології і термінографії.<br /><br />CONTENTS<br />LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS 8<br />INTRODUCTION 9<br />PART 1<br />THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF TERMINOLOGY 18<br />1.1. Term and terminology: underlying statements 18<br />1.2. Successful term criteria 30<br />1.3. General tendencies of development of terminological systems 30<br />1.4. Main lexical semantic relations in term vocabulary (polysemy, homonymy, paronymy, synonymy) 40<br />1.5. National and international trends of term fund updating 62<br />PART 2<br />SEMANTIC, GRAMMATICAL, AND PHONETIC PROBLEMS OF <br />UKRAINIAN TERMS CODIFICATION 75<br />Section 2.1. Semantic and morphological qualities of Ukrainian <br />term vocabulary 75<br />2.1.1. Alien borrowings as a linguistic and terminological problem 75<br />2.1.2. Semantic and stylistic features of use of paronyms and pseudosynonyms in the professional language 83<br />2.1.3. Scientific approach to  terminological use of verbal nouns 112<br />2.1.4. Principles of representation of active participial forms in the Ukrainian scientific language 125<br />2.1.5. Possibilities and prospects of national word coinage <br />in terminology 127<br />Section  2.2. Acoustic characteristics of Ukrainian speech sounds as a ground <br />for scientific approach to render the borrowings 135<br />2.2.1. Phonetics, acoustic analysis, speech recognition 135<br />2.2.2. Phonetical and phonological language elements 138<br />2.2.2.1. Basic concepts of phonetics and phonology 138<br />2.2.2.2. Nonlinearity and non-invariance of speech elements 147<br />2.2.3. Speech acoustics 152<br />2.2.3.1. Acoustic theory of speech production 152<br />2.2.3.2. Speech sounds formants 157<br />2.2.3.3. Resonators in a human speech tract 159<br />2.2.3.4. Invariant acoustic speech analysis 162<br />2.2.3.5. Acoustic characteristics and invariants of <br />speech sounds 165<br />2.2.3.6. Interaction between sounds 179<br />PART 3<br />PECULIARITIES OF ORTHOGRAPHIC NORM APPLICATION IN SCIENTIFIC LEXICOGRAPHY AND WAYS TO PERFECT <br />MODERN SPELLING 189<br />3.1. Modern spelling strategy problems 189<br />3.2. Problems of modern spelling of terminological <br />and common vocabulary 191<br />3.2.1. Genitive case of masculine nouns of second reversal 181<br />3.2.2. Use of genitive and accusative cases 195<br />3.2.3. Spelling of compiled adjectives 196<br />3.2.4. The features of use of Ukrainian prepositions “в” (“у”) and <br />“до” for denotation of motion aim and direction 198<br />3.2.5. Stress problem in three-syllable nouns with the prefix “за ” 202<br />3.3. Denotation of time moments in Ukrainian 206<br />3.4. Problem of adaptation of alien terms to Ukrainian spelling 211<br />3.4.1. Study of phonemes /ґ/, /г/, and /х/ 211<br />3.4.2. “The nine” (“dev’jatka”) rule in the context of Slavic and non Slavic parallels of the Ukrainian language 214<br />3.4.3. Doubling simplification problems 220<br />3.4.4. Some “trifles” of spelling perfection 221<br />3.4.5. Discussion suggests to spelling 222<br />3.5. Scholar principles to render borrowed and foreign words: <br />invariant transcription and transliteration 229<br />3.5.1. Pronunciation and transcription 229<br />3.5.2. Writing and transliteration 234<br />CONCLUDING STATEMENTS 255<br />LIST OF LITERATURE 260<br />APPENDIX A: Visual representation of speech sounds <br />(spectrograms, oscillograms) 397<br />APPENDIX B: Inculcation of the research results <br />(main documentation) 337<br />APPENDIX V: Use of the term Χυμεία in Greek 361</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19925738" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ddd808be61f2619a6cf1025bd4d87461" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40919012,"asset_id":19925738,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40919012/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35918061" href="https://independent.academia.edu/VakulenkoMaksym">Maksym Vakulenko</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35918061" type="text/json">{"id":35918061,"first_name":"Maksym","last_name":"Vakulenko","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VakulenkoMaksym","display_name":"Maksym Vakulenko","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VakulenkoMaksym?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35918061/10382603/11585803/s65_maksym.vakulenko.jpg_oh_58fc2af9057371d09ff918e712e2a06a_oe_56cc5839"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_19925738 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="19925738"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 19925738, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_19925738", }); 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О. Вакуленко. – Івано-Франківськ : Фоліант, 2015. – 361 с., іл.","created_at":"2015-12-31T04:43:34.204-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/19925738/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%9C_%D0%9E_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%86%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82_2015_361_%D1%81_%D1%96%D0%BB?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_19925738","summary":"У монографії подано, обґрунтовано та розвинено комплексний пiдxiд до вживання і творення українських тeрмiнiв, заснований на використанні методів природничих наук і мовознавчих аспектів дослідження. Такий підхід створює передумови для того, щоб розглядати термінологію не лише як розділ лексики, сукупність термінів і вчення про них, а насамперед як науку про утворення, розвиток і функціонування термінів. За допомогою послідовного застосування статистичного та аналітичного методів досліджено теоретичні й практичні термінографічні проблеми, розкрито правописні аспекти відтворення запозичених та іншомовних слів. На основі методу акустичних інваріантів досліджено акустичні характеристики звуків української (а також англійської) мови та знайдено їх інваріантні акустичні параметри. У монографії відображено результати автора, одержані в процесі його наукової та викладацької роботи в Державній академії керівних кадрів освіти, Міжрегіональному інституті вдосконалення вчителів, Київському національному лінгвістичному університеті, Київському національному університеті імені Тараса Шевченка, Техаському університеті в Арлінгтоні (США), Єнському університеті імені Фрідріха Шіллера (Німеччина), Гіссенському університеті імені Юстуса Лібіга (Німеччина), Лейпцізькому університеті (Німеччина), Дрезденському технічному університеті (Німеччина), Університеті Країни басків (Іспанія), Українському мовно-інформаційному фонді Національної академії наук України.\n\nДля науковців, викладачів, аспірантів і студентів філологічних факультетів вищих навчальних закладів, а також для лексикографів, фонетистів, перекладачів і фахівців у галузі прикладної лінгвістики, української термінології і термінографії.\n\nCONTENTS\nLIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS\t\t\t\t\t\t\t8\nINTRODUCTION\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t9\nPART 1\nTHEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF TERMINOLOGY\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t18\n1.1. Term and terminology: underlying statements\t\t\t\t\t\t18\n1.2. Successful term criteria\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t30\n1.3. General tendencies of development of terminological systems\t\t30\n1.4. Main lexical semantic relations in term vocabulary (polysemy, homonymy, paronymy, synonymy)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t40\n1.5. National and international trends of term fund updating\t\t\t62\nPART 2\nSEMANTIC, GRAMMATICAL, AND PHONETIC PROBLEMS OF \nUKRAINIAN TERMS CODIFICATION\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t75\nSection 2.1. Semantic and morphological qualities of Ukrainian \nterm vocabulary\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t75\n2.1.1. Alien borrowings as a linguistic and terminological problem\t75\n2.1.2. Semantic and stylistic features of use of paronyms and pseudosynonyms in the professional language\t\t\t\t83\n2.1.3. Scientific approach to terminological use of verbal nouns\t112\n2.1.4. Principles of representation of active participial forms in the Ukrainian scientific language\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t125\n2.1.5. Possibilities and prospects of national word coinage \nin terminology\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t127\nSection 2.2. Acoustic characteristics of Ukrainian speech sounds as a ground \nfor scientific approach to render the borrowings\t\t\t\t135\n2.2.1. Phonetics, acoustic analysis, speech recognition\t\t\t\t135\n2.2.2. Phonetical and phonological language elements\t\t\t\t138\n2.2.2.1. Basic concepts of phonetics and phonology\t\t\t138\n2.2.2.2. Nonlinearity and non-invariance of speech elements\t147\n2.2.3. Speech acoustics\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t152\n2.2.3.1. Acoustic theory of speech production\t\t\t\t\t152\n2.2.3.2. Speech sounds formants\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t157\n2.2.3.3. Resonators in a human speech tract\t\t\t\t\t159\n2.2.3.4. Invariant acoustic speech analysis\t\t\t\t\t162\n2.2.3.5. Acoustic characteristics and invariants of \nspeech sounds\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t165\n2.2.3.6. Interaction between sounds\t\t\t\t\t\t\t179\nPART 3\nPECULIARITIES OF ORTHOGRAPHIC NORM APPLICATION IN SCIENTIFIC LEXICOGRAPHY AND WAYS TO PERFECT \nMODERN SPELLING\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t189\n3.1. Modern spelling strategy problems\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t189\n3.2. Problems of modern spelling of terminological \nand common vocabulary\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t191\n3.2.1. Genitive case of masculine nouns of second reversal\t\t\t181\n3.2.2. Use of genitive and accusative cases\t\t\t\t\t\t195\n3.2.3. Spelling of compiled adjectives\t\t\t\t\t\t\t196\n3.2.4. The features of use of Ukrainian prepositions “в” (“у”) and \n“до” for denotation of motion aim and direction\t\t\t\t198\n3.2.5. Stress problem in three-syllable nouns with the prefix “за ”\t202\n3.3. Denotation of time moments in Ukrainian\t\t\t\t\t\t\t206\n3.4. Problem of adaptation of alien terms to Ukrainian spelling\t\t\t211\n3.4.1. Study of phonemes /ґ/, /г/, and /х/\t\t\t\t\t\t\t211\n3.4.2. “The nine” (“dev’jatka”) rule in the context of Slavic and non Slavic parallels of the Ukrainian language\t\t\t\t214\n3.4.3. Doubling simplification problems\t\t\t\t\t\t\t220\n3.4.4. Some “trifles” of spelling perfection\t\t\t\t\t\t221\n3.4.5. Discussion suggests to spelling\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t222\n3.5. Scholar principles to render borrowed and foreign words: \ninvariant transcription and transliteration\t\t\t\t\t\t\t229\n3.5.1. Pronunciation and transcription\t\t\t\t\t\t\t229\n3.5.2. Writing and transliteration\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t234\nCONCLUDING STATEMENTS\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t255\nLIST OF LITERATURE\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t260\nAPPENDIX A: Visual representation of speech sounds \n(spectrograms, oscillograms)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t397\nAPPENDIX B: Inculcation of the research results \n(main documentation)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t337\nAPPENDIX V: Use of the term Χυμεία in Greek\t\t\t\t\t361\n ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40919012,"asset_id":19925738,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35918061,"first_name":"Maksym","last_name":"Vakulenko","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VakulenkoMaksym","display_name":"Maksym Vakulenko","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VakulenkoMaksym?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35918061/10382603/11585803/s65_maksym.vakulenko.jpg_oh_58fc2af9057371d09ff918e712e2a06a_oe_56cc5839"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1186,"name":"Translation Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Translation_Studies?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":1439,"name":"Globalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalization?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":3268,"name":"Computational Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":5821,"name":"Ukrainian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ukrainian_Studies?f_ri=21025"},{"id":5832,"name":"Terminology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terminology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":7709,"name":"Applied Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":10194,"name":"Localization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Localization?f_ri=21025"},{"id":11984,"name":"Speech Recognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Recognition?f_ri=21025"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":30347,"name":"Translation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Translation?f_ri=21025"},{"id":52203,"name":"Terminography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terminography?f_ri=21025"},{"id":70412,"name":"Lexical and Grammatical Borrowing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lexical_and_Grammatical_Borrowing?f_ri=21025"},{"id":81214,"name":"Homonymy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Homonymy?f_ri=21025"},{"id":95479,"name":"Machine Transliteration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Transliteration?f_ri=21025"},{"id":203804,"name":"Invariance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Invariance?f_ri=21025"},{"id":368258,"name":"Speech analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_analysis?f_ri=21025"},{"id":421694,"name":"Translation; Terminography; Language Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Translation_Terminography_Language_Planning?f_ri=21025"},{"id":446001,"name":"Computer Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Linguistics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":569139,"name":"Transliteration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transliteration?f_ri=21025"},{"id":685701,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics‎","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics_?f_ri=21025"},{"id":703330,"name":"Synonymy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synonymy?f_ri=21025"},{"id":903013,"name":"Scientific terminology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scientific_terminology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":986595,"name":"Terminology Translation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terminology_Translation?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1277097,"name":"Translit","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Translit?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38059820" data-work_id="38059820" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38059820/Ukrainian_vowel_phones_in_the_IPA_context_In_Govor_35_2_189_214">Ukrainian vowel phones in the IPA context. In: Govor 35 (2): 189-214.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Acoustic and articulatory properties of Ukrainian vowels are investigated in this study and a full set of relevant IPA notations are proposed. The notations are shown in the vowel diagram and the table. The results of the earlier acoustic... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38059820" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Acoustic and articulatory properties of Ukrainian vowels are investigated in this study and a full set of relevant IPA notations are proposed. The notations are shown in the vowel diagram and the table. The results of the earlier acoustic invariant speech analysis based on special software, auditory and spectrum analysis were used and the results are discussed in the context of general and Ukrainian phonetic laws governing language evolution and acoustic properties of non-stressed vowels in relation to their stressed cognates. Such combined approach resulted in a more detailed vowel inventory than proposed heretofore. The findings of this research contribute to better understanding of Ukrainian language and its special features in comparison with other world languages that may have substantial practical use in various phonetic and translation studies, as well as in modern linguistic technologies aimed at artificial intelligence development, machine translation incorporating text-to-speech conversion, automatic speech analysis, recognition and synthesis, and in other areas of applied linguistics.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38059820" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d45045533a9efdf9a36c56007fdd3cfd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58084506,"asset_id":38059820,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58084506/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35918061" href="https://independent.academia.edu/VakulenkoMaksym">Maksym Vakulenko</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35918061" type="text/json">{"id":35918061,"first_name":"Maksym","last_name":"Vakulenko","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VakulenkoMaksym","display_name":"Maksym Vakulenko","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VakulenkoMaksym?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35918061/10382603/11585803/s65_maksym.vakulenko.jpg_oh_58fc2af9057371d09ff918e712e2a06a_oe_56cc5839"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38059820 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38059820"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38059820, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38059820", }); 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The findings of this research contribute to better understanding of Ukrainian language and its special features in comparison with other world languages that may have substantial practical use in various phonetic and translation studies, as well as in modern linguistic technologies aimed at artificial intelligence development, machine translation incorporating text-to-speech conversion, automatic speech analysis, recognition and synthesis, and in other areas of applied linguistics.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58084506,"asset_id":38059820,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35918061,"first_name":"Maksym","last_name":"Vakulenko","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VakulenkoMaksym","display_name":"Maksym Vakulenko","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VakulenkoMaksym?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35918061/10382603/11585803/s65_maksym.vakulenko.jpg_oh_58fc2af9057371d09ff918e712e2a06a_oe_56cc5839"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":5821,"name":"Ukrainian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ukrainian_Studies?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":23972,"name":"Vowel harmony","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vowel_harmony?f_ri=21025"},{"id":53172,"name":"Vowel phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vowel_phonetics?f_ri=21025"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=21025"},{"id":94823,"name":"Vowel System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vowel_System?f_ri=21025"},{"id":117873,"name":"Vowels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vowels?f_ri=21025"},{"id":244465,"name":"фонетика","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0?f_ri=21025"},{"id":245035,"name":"Vowel reduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vowel_reduction?f_ri=21025"},{"id":347625,"name":"Text to Speech","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Text_to_Speech?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1335909,"name":"Vowel Formants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vowel_Formants?f_ri=21025"},{"id":2269095,"name":"фонология","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F?f_ri=21025"},{"id":2835193,"name":"українська 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type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24938" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Articulatory_Phonetics">Articulatory Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24938" type="text/json">{"id":24938,"name":"Articulatory Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Articulatory_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="238863" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Descriptive_Phonetics">Descriptive Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="238863" type="text/json">{"id":238863,"name":"Descriptive Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Descriptive_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="238864" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetic_Transcription">Phonetic Transcription</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="238864" type="text/json">{"id":238864,"name":"Phonetic Transcription","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetic_Transcription?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=869122]'), work: {"id":869122,"title":"Na ponta da língua: exercícios de fonética do português","created_at":"2011-08-30T01:45:28.680-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/869122/Na_ponta_da_l%C3%ADngua_exerc%C3%ADcios_de_fon%C3%A9tica_do_portugu%C3%AAs?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_869122","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":5907369,"asset_id":869122,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":697312,"first_name":"João","last_name":"Veloso","domain_name":"umac","page_name":"JoãoVeloso","display_name":"João Veloso","profile_url":"https://umac.academia.edu/Jo%C3%A3oVeloso?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/697312/274624/324721/s65_jo_o.veloso.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":24938,"name":"Articulatory Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Articulatory_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":238863,"name":"Descriptive Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Descriptive_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":238864,"name":"Phonetic Transcription","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetic_Transcription?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":238866,"name":"Portuguese Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portuguese_Phonetics?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38601499" data-work_id="38601499" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38601499/Vokalick%C3%A9_artikulace_rozhlasov%C3%BDch_a_televizn%C3%ADch_moder%C3%A1tor%C5%AF">Vokalické artikulace rozhlasových a televizních moderátorů</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">EN The paper focuses on analyzing the quality of Czech monophthongs. The data for the analysis is mostly taken from the database NAKI (audio recordings of Czechoslovak and later Czech radio news). The probe analyzes and compares two... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38601499" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">EN<br />The paper focuses on analyzing the quality of Czech monophthongs. The data for the analysis is mostly taken from the database NAKI (audio recordings of Czechoslovak and later Czech radio news). The probe analyzes and compares two studies of audio recordings that captured the speech patterns of radio and TV news presenters in four decades: (1) Naki1: 1970–1989 a (2) Naki2: 1990–2010. The comparison of data from both studies (Naki1 vs. Naki2) showed that vowel articulation changed within 40 years: Vowels from Dataset Naki1 are characterized by more stable pronunciation, distinction between individual sounds, and the absence of tendencies for approximation in formant ranges. The formant values of this set also match the reference data (Palková, 2014). On the other hand, the vowels of Naki2 confirms the tendencies listed in other recently published papers: formant ranges of the individual sounds are extending and getting closer, or even overlapping. Simultaneously, the data showed a certain difference between short and long vowels. The vowels are classified both qualitatively and statistically, and the results are visualized as graphs (box plots and vowel charts displaying formant ranges as XY points).<br /><br />CZE<br /> Tento příspěvek se zaměřuje na analýzu kvality českých vokálů (monoftongů). Data pocházejí z tzv. databáze NAKI (zvukový archiv Českého rozhlasu). Studie analyzuje a porovnává dvě sondy zahrnující nahrávky rozhlasových a televizních moderátorů (tzv. řečových vzorů) v období čtyř dekád: (1) Naki1: 1970–1989 a (2) Naki2: 1990–2010. Porovnáním naměřených výsledků z obou sond (Naki1 vs. Naki2) jsme zjistili poměrně zřetelné změny ve výslovnosti samohlásek zkoumaných moderátorů v průběhu sledovaných čtyř dekád. Dataset Naki1 se vyznačuje stabilnější výslovností jednotlivých vokálů, jež jsou zároveň mezi sebou poměrně zřetelně odlišeny a nevykazují tendence ke sbližování formantových polí. Hodnoty formantů korespondují s údaji referenčními (Palková, 2014). Sonda Naki2 naopak potvrzuje tendence evidované i v jiných odborných studiích z minulých let: formantová pole dílčích vokálů se nápadně rozšiřují a vzájemně sbližují, až prolínají. Zároveň data ukázala jistý rozdíl mezi krátkými vs. dlouhými vokály. Výsledky jsou prezentovány formou základních deskriptivněstatistických údajů pro všechny samohlásky, doplněné vizualizacemi a grafy (krabicové grafy, vokalické trojúhelníky – formantová pásma prostřednictvím bodových XY grafů).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38601499" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="07f8551ab2d553bee75bf9a8c74dad3a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60387551,"asset_id":38601499,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60387551/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="18684248" href="https://upol.academia.edu/PetrPorizka">Petr Pořízka</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="18684248" type="text/json">{"id":18684248,"first_name":"Petr","last_name":"Pořízka","domain_name":"upol","page_name":"PetrPorizka","display_name":"Petr Pořízka","profile_url":"https://upol.academia.edu/PetrPorizka?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18684248/16382983/23231406/s65_petr.porizka.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38601499 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38601499"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38601499, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38601499", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38601499 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38601499; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38601499"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38601499 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38601499"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38601499; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38601499]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38601499").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38601499").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38601499"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics">Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15674" type="text/json">{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="102864" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spoken_language">Spoken language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="102864" type="text/json">{"id":102864,"name":"Spoken language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spoken_language?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="117873" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vowels">Vowels</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="117873" type="text/json">{"id":117873,"name":"Vowels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vowels?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38601499]'), work: {"id":38601499,"title":"Vokalické artikulace rozhlasových a televizních moderátorů","created_at":"2019-03-21T15:26:29.483-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38601499/Vokalick%C3%A9_artikulace_rozhlasov%C3%BDch_a_televizn%C3%ADch_moder%C3%A1tor%C5%AF?f_ri=21025","dom_id":"work_38601499","summary":"EN\nThe paper focuses on analyzing the quality of Czech monophthongs. The data for the analysis is mostly taken from the database NAKI (audio recordings of Czechoslovak and later Czech radio news). The probe analyzes and compares two studies of audio recordings that captured the speech patterns of radio and TV news presenters in four decades: (1) Naki1: 1970–1989 a (2) Naki2: 1990–2010. The comparison of data from both studies (Naki1 vs. Naki2) showed that vowel articulation changed within 40 years: Vowels from Dataset Naki1 are characterized by more stable pronunciation, distinction between individual sounds, and the absence of tendencies for approximation in formant ranges. The formant values of this set also match the reference data (Palková, 2014). On the other hand, the vowels of Naki2 confirms the tendencies listed in other recently published papers: formant ranges of the individual sounds are extending and getting closer, or even overlapping. Simultaneously, the data showed a certain difference between short and long vowels. The vowels are classified both qualitatively and statistically, and the results are visualized as graphs (box plots and vowel charts displaying formant ranges as XY points).\n\nCZE\n\tTento příspěvek se zaměřuje na analýzu kvality českých vokálů (monoftongů). Data pocházejí z tzv. databáze NAKI (zvukový archiv Českého rozhlasu). Studie analyzuje a porovnává dvě sondy zahrnující nahrávky rozhlasových a televizních moderátorů (tzv. řečových vzorů) v období čtyř dekád: (1) Naki1: 1970–1989 a (2) Naki2: 1990–2010. Porovnáním naměřených výsledků z obou sond (Naki1 vs. Naki2) jsme zjistili poměrně zřetelné změny ve výslovnosti samohlásek zkoumaných moderátorů v průběhu sledovaných čtyř dekád. Dataset Naki1 se vyznačuje stabilnější výslovností jednotlivých vokálů, jež jsou zároveň mezi sebou poměrně zřetelně odlišeny a nevykazují tendence ke sbližování formantových polí. Hodnoty formantů korespondují s údaji referenčními (Palková, 2014). Sonda Naki2 naopak potvrzuje tendence evidované i v jiných odborných studiích z minulých let: formantová pole dílčích vokálů se nápadně rozšiřují a vzájemně sbližují, až prolínají. Zároveň data ukázala jistý rozdíl mezi krátkými vs. dlouhými vokály. Výsledky jsou prezentovány formou základních deskriptivněstatistických údajů pro všechny samohlásky, doplněné vizualizacemi a grafy (krabicové grafy, vokalické trojúhelníky – formantová pásma prostřednictvím bodových XY grafů).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60387551,"asset_id":38601499,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":18684248,"first_name":"Petr","last_name":"Pořízka","domain_name":"upol","page_name":"PetrPorizka","display_name":"Petr Pořízka","profile_url":"https://upol.academia.edu/PetrPorizka?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18684248/16382983/23231406/s65_petr.porizka.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":102864,"name":"Spoken language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spoken_language?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":117873,"name":"Vowels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vowels?f_ri=21025","nofollow":false},{"id":287387,"name":"Czech language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Czech_language?f_ri=21025"},{"id":460953,"name":"Orthoepy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthoepy?f_ri=21025"},{"id":1335909,"name":"Vowel Formants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vowel_Formants?f_ri=21025"},{"id":2478446,"name":"Czech Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Czech_Linguistics?f_ri=21025"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2421587" data-work_id="2421587" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2421587/Primo_approccio_alla_fonetica_acustica_Cenni_Teorici_ed_Esercitazione">Primo approccio alla fonetica acustica. Cenni Teorici ed Esercitazione</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Il mini-seminario di 4 ore si proponeva di introdurre gli studenti alla fonetica acustica, fornendo alcuni concetti basilari per l'identificazione di vocali e consonanti sullo spettrogramma. La lingua di riferimento per le lezioni e gli... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2421587" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Il mini-seminario di 4 ore si proponeva di introdurre gli studenti alla fonetica acustica, fornendo alcuni concetti basilari per l'identificazione di vocali e consonanti sullo spettrogramma. La lingua di riferimento per le lezioni e gli esercizi è l'italiano.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2421587" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8131d2883afe98b1c759196023bd6734" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30448887,"asset_id":2421587,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30448887/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4NTYyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1042533" href="https://unimi.academia.edu/ChiaraMeluzzi">Chiara Meluzzi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1042533" type="text/json">{"id":1042533,"first_name":"Chiara","last_name":"Meluzzi","domain_name":"unimi","page_name":"ChiaraMeluzzi","display_name":"Chiara Meluzzi","profile_url":"https://unimi.academia.edu/ChiaraMeluzzi?f_ri=21025","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1042533/360815/41107478/s65_chiara.meluzzi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2421587 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2421587"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2421587, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2421587", }); 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