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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">16,402 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Phonetics-Phonology Interface</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_19707133" data-work_id="19707133" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19707133/Types_of_dipping_tones">Types of dipping tones</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper classifies dipping tones in the framework of the Multi-Register and Four-Level Model, using new, firsthand acoustic data. Seven dipping types are identified. Four of them are produced in normal clear voice and affiliated with... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_19707133" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper classifies dipping tones in the framework of the Multi-Register and Four-Level Model, using new, firsthand acoustic data. Seven dipping types are identified. Four of them are produced in normal clear voice and affiliated with the Modal Register: (1) Central Dipping, typologically transcribed as /323/, (2) Back Dipping /523/, (3) Front Dipping /324/, and (4) Double Circumflex /4343/. The remaining three are produced with non-clear voice qualities: (5) Slack Dipping /213/ in L Register, (6) Creaky Dipping /202/ in the Lower Register, and (7) Fortis-Creak Dipping /405/ in the Upper Register. Each of the seven dipping tones contrasts with one or another with four distinctive features [± RgM, RgL, Hfront, Hback].</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19707133" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="64c76e0423e16cf794d2e3ae1aa8767d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40796345,"asset_id":19707133,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40796345/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7648685" href="https://hkust.academia.edu/XiaonongZhu">Xiaonong Zhu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7648685" type="text/json">{"id":7648685,"first_name":"Xiaonong","last_name":"Zhu","domain_name":"hkust","page_name":"XiaonongZhu","display_name":"Xiaonong Zhu","profile_url":"https://hkust.academia.edu/XiaonongZhu?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7648685/8911145/9945722/s65_xiaonong.zhu.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_19707133 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="19707133"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 19707133, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_19707133", }); 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Seven dipping types are identified. Four of them are produced in normal clear voice and affiliated with the Modal Register: (1) Central Dipping, typologically transcribed as /323/, (2) Back Dipping /523/, (3) Front Dipping /324/, and (4) Double Circumflex /4343/. The remaining three are produced with non-clear voice qualities: (5) Slack Dipping /213/ in L Register, (6) Creaky Dipping /202/ in the Lower Register, and (7) Fortis-Creak Dipping /405/ in the Upper Register. Each of the seven dipping tones contrasts with one or another with four distinctive features [± RgM, RgL, Hfront, Hback]. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40796345,"asset_id":19707133,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7648685,"first_name":"Xiaonong","last_name":"Zhu","domain_name":"hkust","page_name":"XiaonongZhu","display_name":"Xiaonong Zhu","profile_url":"https://hkust.academia.edu/XiaonongZhu?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7648685/8911145/9945722/s65_xiaonong.zhu.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16432,"name":"Tones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tones?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":29668,"name":"Tone systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tone_systems?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":86215,"name":"Diachronic Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diachronic_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":220766,"name":"Tone Sandhi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tone_Sandhi?f_ri=16617"},{"id":324308,"name":"Historical Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Phonology?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11577651 coauthored" data-work_id="11577651" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11577651/La_nasalidad_como_fen%C3%B3meno_fonol%C3%B3gico_en_lenguas_otomangues_Evidencia_instrumental_del_chinanteco_y_mazateco_Presentaci%C3%B3n_COLOV_VI_">La nasalidad como fenómeno fonológico en lenguas otomangues: Evidencia instrumental del chinanteco y mazateco (Presentación COLOV VI)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Resultados del experimento con el nasómetro para medir y distinguir los distintos grados de nasalidad presentes en segmentos nasales en dos lenguas otomangues: mazateco y chinanteco.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11577651" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="637b9b6439d8c82e276db90387805b9c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37065307,"asset_id":11577651,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37065307/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1238269" href="https://enah.academia.edu/CarlosWagner">Carlos Wagner</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1238269" type="text/json">{"id":1238269,"first_name":"Carlos","last_name":"Wagner","domain_name":"enah","page_name":"CarlosWagner","display_name":"Carlos Wagner","profile_url":"https://enah.academia.edu/CarlosWagner?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1238269/450512/148423108/s65_carlos.wagner.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-11577651">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-11577651"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ciesasdocencia.academia.edu/MarioEChavezPeon">Mario E. Chavez-Peon</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://enah.academia.edu/MiriamManzano">Miriam Manzano</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-11577651'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-11577651').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11577651 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11577651"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11577651, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11577651", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11577651 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11577651; 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Mazatec","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mazatlan_Mazatec?f_ri=16617"},{"id":650347,"name":"Chinantecan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chinantecan?f_ri=16617"},{"id":659230,"name":"Nasality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nasality?f_ri=16617"},{"id":888429,"name":"Fonología Del Mazateco","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fonologia_Del_Mazateco?f_ri=16617"},{"id":1190872,"name":"Mazatec","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mazatec?f_ri=16617"},{"id":1416959,"name":"Fonología Segmental Y Tonal Del Mazateco","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fonologia_Segmental_Y_Tonal_Del_Mazateco?f_ri=16617"},{"id":1416960,"name":"Lenguas Otomangues","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lenguas_Otomangues?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_283120" data-work_id="283120" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/283120/A_Study_of_the_phonetics_and_phonology_of_neutral_tones_in_Urumqi_Chinese">A Study of the phonetics and phonology of neutral tones in Urumqi Chinese</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/283120" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c7b52a53e39edf28cf65739e2703f040" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":3242131,"asset_id":283120,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/3242131/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="118878" href="https://nthu.academia.edu/FengfanHsieh">Feng-fan Hsieh</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="118878" type="text/json">{"id":118878,"first_name":"Feng-fan","last_name":"Hsieh","domain_name":"nthu","page_name":"FengfanHsieh","display_name":"Feng-fan Hsieh","profile_url":"https://nthu.academia.edu/FengfanHsieh?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/118878/31938/139903229/s65_feng-fan.hsieh.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_283120 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="283120"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 283120, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_283120", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_283120 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 283120; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_283120"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_283120 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="283120"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 283120; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=283120]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_283120").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_283120").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="283120"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9801" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chinese_Language_and_Culture">Chinese Language and Culture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9801" type="text/json">{"id":9801,"name":"Chinese Language and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chinese_Language_and_Culture?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=283120]'), work: {"id":283120,"title":"A Study of the phonetics and phonology of neutral tones in Urumqi Chinese","created_at":"2010-08-02T19:30:17.213-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/283120/A_Study_of_the_phonetics_and_phonology_of_neutral_tones_in_Urumqi_Chinese?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_283120","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":3242131,"asset_id":283120,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":118878,"first_name":"Feng-fan","last_name":"Hsieh","domain_name":"nthu","page_name":"FengfanHsieh","display_name":"Feng-fan Hsieh","profile_url":"https://nthu.academia.edu/FengfanHsieh?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/118878/31938/139903229/s65_feng-fan.hsieh.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":9801,"name":"Chinese Language and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chinese_Language_and_Culture?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":38603,"name":"Tone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tone?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44962803" data-work_id="44962803" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44962803/Phonology_in_Teaching_English">Phonology in Teaching English</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This book is written to introduce phonology in teaching English as the one of the branches of linguistic and its relation to the other branches of linguistics. Phonology itself is used to learn and discuss how sounds are organized. In... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44962803" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This book is written to introduce phonology in teaching English as the one of the branches of linguistic and its relation to the other branches of linguistics. Phonology itself is used to learn and discuss how sounds are organized. In this book, you can find the study of the way sounds function in languages, which consist of phonemes, stress, accent, syllable structure, and which sounds are specific units within language. <br />In addition, you can also find the relation between morphology and phonology which discuss suffix and how it is sounded. Finally, in the last of this book you can learn morphophonemic change which consist of loss and addition phonemes, consonant change, assimilation, dissimilation, and etc.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44962803" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="454d57e0c505f1bb4e795cd92e5e14d0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65495942,"asset_id":44962803,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65495942/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5833349" href="https://iain-tulungagung.academia.edu/Dwiastuti">Dwi Astuti Wahyu Nurhayati</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5833349" type="text/json">{"id":5833349,"first_name":"Dwi Astuti","last_name":"Wahyu Nurhayati","domain_name":"iain-tulungagung","page_name":"Dwiastuti","display_name":"Dwi Astuti Wahyu Nurhayati","profile_url":"https://iain-tulungagung.academia.edu/Dwiastuti?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5833349/2505010/15147517/s65_nur.khairiah.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44962803 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44962803"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44962803, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44962803", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44962803]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44962803").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44962803").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44962803"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17540" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology">English Phonetics and Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17540" type="text/json">{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64434" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lingustics_and_Phonetics">Lingustics and Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="64434" type="text/json">{"id":64434,"name":"Lingustics and Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lingustics_and_Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="269229" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Acquisition_Research_In_Applied_Linguistics_Teaching_English_As_A_Second_Language_Task_B">Language Acquisition; Research In Applied Linguistics; Teaching English As A Second Language, Task Based Langauge</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="269229" type="text/json">{"id":269229,"name":"Language Acquisition; Research In Applied Linguistics; Teaching English As A Second Language, Task Based Langauge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Acquisition_Research_In_Applied_Linguistics_Teaching_English_As_A_Second_Language_Task_B?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44962803]'), work: {"id":44962803,"title":"Phonology in Teaching English","created_at":"2021-01-23T15:16:26.270-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44962803/Phonology_in_Teaching_English?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_44962803","summary":"This book is written to introduce phonology in teaching English as the one of the branches of linguistic and its relation to the other branches of linguistics. Phonology itself is used to learn and discuss how sounds are organized. In this book, you can find the study of the way sounds function in languages, which consist of phonemes, stress, accent, syllable structure, and which sounds are specific units within language. \nIn addition, you can also find the relation between morphology and phonology which discuss suffix and how it is sounded. Finally, in the last of this book you can learn morphophonemic change which consist of loss and addition phonemes, consonant change, assimilation, dissimilation, and etc.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65495942,"asset_id":44962803,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5833349,"first_name":"Dwi Astuti","last_name":"Wahyu Nurhayati","domain_name":"iain-tulungagung","page_name":"Dwiastuti","display_name":"Dwi Astuti Wahyu Nurhayati","profile_url":"https://iain-tulungagung.academia.edu/Dwiastuti?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5833349/2505010/15147517/s65_nur.khairiah.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":64434,"name":"Lingustics and Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lingustics_and_Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":269229,"name":"Language Acquisition; Research In Applied Linguistics; Teaching English As A Second Language, Task Based Langauge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Acquisition_Research_In_Applied_Linguistics_Teaching_English_As_A_Second_Language_Task_B?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29346777" data-work_id="29346777" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29346777/An_Empirical_Evaluation_of_Jolly_Phonics_Series_Being_Taught_in_Irans_Baby_College_Institutes">An Empirical Evaluation of Jolly Phonics Series Being Taught in Iran's Baby College Institutes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">With growth of EFL in Iran, based on context requirements, textbook evaluation has received substantial attention. Teachers' experiences and perceptions play vital roles in the process of book evaluation. The study is based on the Jolly... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29346777" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">With growth of EFL in Iran, based on context requirements, textbook evaluation has received substantial attention. Teachers' experiences and perceptions play vital roles in the process of book evaluation. The study is based on the Jolly Phonics series (Lloyd & Wernham, 1995) used by number of institutes and colleges in teaching in Iran. The main objective of the study was to find out whether this teaching material follows the essential objectives for teaching English as a foreign language to children or not. Considering the point that teachers have an indispensable role in analyzing and making an applicable and practical decision on evaluating and choosing the best possible material to be taught, the study focused on the teachers' perceptions. The series were evaluated against Nokelainen's (2006) checklist. To this end, 72 female experienced teachers of Baby College institutes in Tehran and Gorgan branches, Iran, were randomly selected and given the Pedagogically Meaningful Learning Questionnaire (PMLQ) of 40 questions to fill in. The findings showed that teachers mostly believe Jolly Phonics series and the teaching method can stand as a capable and trustable material for young EFL learners. However, in order to make it more profitable it may involve using decisions in adapting textual materials to the needs and interests of pupils as the learners' requirements are changing regarding the adventures of their environment. It is suggested that being a teacher's guide to educate the teachers how to adapt and teach the materials on the base of learners' needs would be much better than just knowing or learning how to teach it. The textbook will continue to play an important role in helping teachers in teaching process, but it should not be a dictator (Williams, 1983), and the investigated material is respectful to this idea as it can well cover the flexibility, motivation, applicability, learner control and learner activity objectives since most of the teachers agreed on this fact.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29346777" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0dca6bcad18b266d2ed597332de71ef1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49788407,"asset_id":29346777,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49788407/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4443238" href="https://eltsjournal.academia.edu/InternationalJournalofEnglishLanguageandTranslationStudies">International Journal of English Language and Translation Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4443238" type="text/json">{"id":4443238,"first_name":"International Journal of English Language","last_name":"and Translation Studies","domain_name":"eltsjournal","page_name":"InternationalJournalofEnglishLanguageandTranslationStudies","display_name":"International Journal of English Language and Translation Studies","profile_url":"https://eltsjournal.academia.edu/InternationalJournalofEnglishLanguageandTranslationStudies?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4443238/1814454/9010746/s65_international_journal_of_english_language.and_translation_studies.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29346777 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29346777"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29346777, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29346777", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_29346777 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29346777; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_29346777"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_29346777 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29346777"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29346777; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29346777]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_29346777").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_29346777").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="29346777"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">21</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="885" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Literature">English Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="885" type="text/json">{"id":885,"name":"English Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Literature?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1007" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_as_a_Second_Language">Teaching English as a Second Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1007" type="text/json">{"id":1007,"name":"Teaching English as a Second Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_as_a_Second_Language?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=29346777]'), work: {"id":29346777,"title":"An Empirical Evaluation of Jolly Phonics Series Being Taught in Iran's Baby College Institutes","created_at":"2016-10-22T08:09:05.035-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29346777/An_Empirical_Evaluation_of_Jolly_Phonics_Series_Being_Taught_in_Irans_Baby_College_Institutes?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_29346777","summary":"With growth of EFL in Iran, based on context requirements, textbook evaluation has received substantial attention. Teachers' experiences and perceptions play vital roles in the process of book evaluation. The study is based on the Jolly Phonics series (Lloyd \u0026 Wernham, 1995) used by number of institutes and colleges in teaching in Iran. The main objective of the study was to find out whether this teaching material follows the essential objectives for teaching English as a foreign language to children or not. Considering the point that teachers have an indispensable role in analyzing and making an applicable and practical decision on evaluating and choosing the best possible material to be taught, the study focused on the teachers' perceptions. The series were evaluated against Nokelainen's (2006) checklist. To this end, 72 female experienced teachers of Baby College institutes in Tehran and Gorgan branches, Iran, were randomly selected and given the Pedagogically Meaningful Learning Questionnaire (PMLQ) of 40 questions to fill in. The findings showed that teachers mostly believe Jolly Phonics series and the teaching method can stand as a capable and trustable material for young EFL learners. However, in order to make it more profitable it may involve using decisions in adapting textual materials to the needs and interests of pupils as the learners' requirements are changing regarding the adventures of their environment. It is suggested that being a teacher's guide to educate the teachers how to adapt and teach the materials on the base of learners' needs would be much better than just knowing or learning how to teach it. The textbook will continue to play an important role in helping teachers in teaching process, but it should not be a dictator (Williams, 1983), and the investigated material is respectful to this idea as it can well cover the flexibility, motivation, applicability, learner control and learner activity objectives since most of the teachers agreed on this fact.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49788407,"asset_id":29346777,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4443238,"first_name":"International Journal of English Language","last_name":"and Translation Studies","domain_name":"eltsjournal","page_name":"InternationalJournalofEnglishLanguageandTranslationStudies","display_name":"International Journal of English Language and Translation Studies","profile_url":"https://eltsjournal.academia.edu/InternationalJournalofEnglishLanguageandTranslationStudies?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4443238/1814454/9010746/s65_international_journal_of_english_language.and_translation_studies.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":885,"name":"English Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Literature?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1007,"name":"Teaching English as a Second Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_as_a_Second_Language?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":3574,"name":"Phonological Awareness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Awareness?f_ri=16617"},{"id":3979,"name":"English language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_language?f_ri=16617"},{"id":6223,"name":"English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English?f_ri=16617"},{"id":15439,"name":"Teaching English As A Foreign Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_As_A_Foreign_Language?f_ri=16617"},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617"},{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":18390,"name":"Mobile Phones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Phones?f_ri=16617"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":24938,"name":"Articulatory Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Articulatory_Phonetics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":31224,"name":"Phonetics and Pronunciation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Pronunciation?f_ri=16617"},{"id":46596,"name":"English language teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_language_teaching?f_ri=16617"},{"id":51126,"name":"English Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Education?f_ri=16617"},{"id":56281,"name":"English language and literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_language_and_literature?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":99517,"name":"English as a Foreign Language (EFL)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_as_a_Foreign_Language_EFL_?f_ri=16617"},{"id":827606,"name":"English As a Second Language (ESL)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_As_a_Second_Language_ESL_?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28626602" data-work_id="28626602" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28626602/Presentation_Slides_Phonetics_in_Phonology_Presentation_Ladd_2011_">Presentation Slides: Phonetics in Phonology Presentation: Ladd (2011)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Terms: Segmental idealization & Universal categorization Brief History of IPA Rejection of Modern Phonology or Alternatives Empirical Examples: Mean VOT in 18 languages Tonal Languages- Chinese and Kera Barred-i [ɨ] vs schwa [ə]... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_28626602" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Terms:<br />Segmental idealization & Universal categorization<br />Brief History of IPA<br />Rejection of Modern Phonology or Alternatives<br />Empirical Examples:<br />Mean VOT in 18 languages<br />Tonal Languages- Chinese and Kera<br />Barred-i [ɨ] vs schwa [ə] distribution</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28626602" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b153f013684cfef3e2ecf561575372e2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48991913,"asset_id":28626602,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48991913/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13702310" href="https://arizona.academia.edu/JoanPalmiterBajorek">Dr. Joan Palmiter Bajorek</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13702310" type="text/json">{"id":13702310,"first_name":"Dr. Joan Palmiter","last_name":"Bajorek","domain_name":"arizona","page_name":"JoanPalmiterBajorek","display_name":"Dr. Joan Palmiter Bajorek","profile_url":"https://arizona.academia.edu/JoanPalmiterBajorek?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13702310/3813919/14080952/s65_joan_palmiter.bajorek.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28626602 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28626602"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28626602, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28626602", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_28626602 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28626602; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_28626602"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_28626602 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="28626602"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28626602; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28626602]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_28626602").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_28626602").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="28626602"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3574" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Awareness">Phonological Awareness</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3574" type="text/json">{"id":3574,"name":"Phonological Awareness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Awareness?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=28626602]'), work: {"id":28626602,"title":"Presentation Slides: Phonetics in Phonology Presentation: Ladd (2011)","created_at":"2016-09-20T09:35:47.051-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/28626602/Presentation_Slides_Phonetics_in_Phonology_Presentation_Ladd_2011_?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_28626602","summary":"Terms:\nSegmental idealization \u0026 Universal categorization\nBrief History of IPA\nRejection of Modern Phonology or Alternatives\nEmpirical Examples:\nMean VOT in 18 languages\nTonal Languages- Chinese and Kera\nBarred-i [ɨ] vs schwa [ə] distribution","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48991913,"asset_id":28626602,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13702310,"first_name":"Dr. Joan Palmiter","last_name":"Bajorek","domain_name":"arizona","page_name":"JoanPalmiterBajorek","display_name":"Dr. Joan Palmiter Bajorek","profile_url":"https://arizona.academia.edu/JoanPalmiterBajorek?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13702310/3813919/14080952/s65_joan_palmiter.bajorek.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":3574,"name":"Phonological Awareness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Awareness?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617"},{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":28609,"name":"Phonological Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Theory?f_ri=16617"},{"id":41980,"name":"Lingüística","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":550466,"name":"Segmental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Segmental_Phonology?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41979301" data-work_id="41979301" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41979301/Fundamentals_of_English_Phonetics_and_Phonology_Ayo_Osisanwo">Fundamentals of English Phonetics and Phonology Ayo Osisanwo</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Fundamentals of English Phonetics and Phonology has been written out of our sincere desire to help the learners of English (especially as second language) to understand better, the definition, formation, description, classification,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41979301" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Fundamentals of English Phonetics and Phonology has been written out of our sincere desire to help the learners of English (especially as second language) to understand better, the definition, formation, description, classification, transcription of not only English sounds or sounds of other languages across the world; but the other terms related to phonetics and phonology. Designed for students of Universities and Colleges of Education, especially students undergoing courses related to Phonetics and Phonology, it is hoped to give both the undergraduate and postgraduate students a basic introduction to the phonetics and phonology of English.  Apart from the expressive and comprehensive nature of the text, it has elaborate references of materials consulted, and theses that are also meant for further reading. It also has index for easy referencing. The lucidity of presentation in the text makes it a unique addition to the existing literatures on this aspect of language study.  The book is divided into nineteen chapters.  Each of the chapters covers different aspects to give a good foundation to the course – phonetics and phonology.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41979301" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a3dc79a8bb3c40bf01ec20d7655be58a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62104165,"asset_id":41979301,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62104165/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31661969" href="https://ibadan.academia.edu/AyoOsisanwo">Ayo Osisanwo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31661969" type="text/json">{"id":31661969,"first_name":"Ayo","last_name":"Osisanwo","domain_name":"ibadan","page_name":"AyoOsisanwo","display_name":"Ayo Osisanwo","profile_url":"https://ibadan.academia.edu/AyoOsisanwo?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31661969/16137895/16584933/s65_ayo.osisanwo.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41979301 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41979301"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41979301, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41979301", }); 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but the other terms related to phonetics and phonology. Designed for students of Universities and Colleges of Education, especially students undergoing courses related to Phonetics and Phonology, it is hoped to give both the undergraduate and postgraduate students a basic introduction to the phonetics and phonology of English. Apart from the expressive and comprehensive nature of the text, it has elaborate references of materials consulted, and theses that are also meant for further reading. It also has index for easy referencing. The lucidity of presentation in the text makes it a unique addition to the existing literatures on this aspect of language study. The book is divided into nineteen chapters. Each of the chapters covers different aspects to give a good foundation to the course – phonetics and phonology. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62104165,"asset_id":41979301,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31661969,"first_name":"Ayo","last_name":"Osisanwo","domain_name":"ibadan","page_name":"AyoOsisanwo","display_name":"Ayo Osisanwo","profile_url":"https://ibadan.academia.edu/AyoOsisanwo?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31661969/16137895/16584933/s65_ayo.osisanwo.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":15646,"name":"Intonation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intonation?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617"},{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":31224,"name":"Phonetics and Pronunciation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Pronunciation?f_ri=16617"},{"id":42132,"name":"Transcription","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transcription?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":86215,"name":"Diachronic Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diachronic_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":117873,"name":"Vowels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vowels?f_ri=16617"},{"id":144922,"name":"Syllable Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syllable_Structure?f_ri=16617"},{"id":238864,"name":"Phonetic Transcription","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetic_Transcription?f_ri=16617"},{"id":241873,"name":"Prosodic phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosodic_phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":324308,"name":"Historical Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":383381,"name":"Distinctive Features","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distinctive_Features?f_ri=16617"},{"id":492363,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology of Prosody (especially of Stress, Rhythm and Intonation)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology_of_Prosody_especially_of_Stress_Rhythm_and_Intonation_?f_ri=16617"},{"id":977486,"name":"Phonemes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonemes?f_ri=16617"},{"id":1027719,"name":"Consonants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consonants?f_ri=16617"},{"id":1320954,"name":"Rythm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rythm?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36294728" data-work_id="36294728" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36294728/Stress_and_its_unpredictability_in_English_Language">Stress and its unpredictability in English Language</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">1.0 Introduction When words of more than one syllable are pronounced in English, there is usually a particular syllable that receives more prominence and emphasis, or better, that requires more force in sending out the sound from the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36294728" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">1.0 Introduction When words of more than one syllable are pronounced in English, there is usually a particular syllable that receives more prominence and emphasis, or better, that requires more force in sending out the sound from the vocal apparatus. The manner one exerts this force is so easily perceptible; the allocation of force on different parts of syllables of words is referred to as Stress. According to Eyoh (1999), Stress refers to the amount of energy put on a part of a word or utterance to make it more emphasized than other parts. In phonology, stress is the relative emphasis given to a certain syllable in a word, or to a certain word in a phrase or sentence. This emphasis is usually occasioned by such properties as increased loudness and vowel length, full articulation of the vowel, and changes in the pitch. The position of stress in words may depend on certain rules applicable in the language; it must be learned for each word, as it is usually largely unpredictable. Whereas in other languages like: American, Finnish, Icelandic, Polish, Czech and others, which has fixed stress and which the position of the stress can easily be predicated by a simple rule (Wikipedia encyclopedia), the English Language is different. The English Language and other languages like Russian, Portuguese and Spanish are said to have variable stress because the position of stress in words of these languages are less predictable. This short essay highlights the unpredictable features of the stress in English Language. 2.0 The unpredictable features of Stress in English Language The following are the features of stress unpredictable in the English Language and their examples. They are:</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36294728" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e5b024dcead97b575fd64ffe258cad18" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56201244,"asset_id":36294728,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56201244/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="49233525" href="https://uniabuja.academia.edu/aiNkuru">ai Nkuru</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="49233525" type="text/json">{"id":49233525,"first_name":"ai","last_name":"Nkuru","domain_name":"uniabuja","page_name":"aiNkuru","display_name":"ai Nkuru","profile_url":"https://uniabuja.academia.edu/aiNkuru?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/49233525/12950000/154202419/s65_ai.nkuru.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36294728 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36294728"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36294728, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36294728", }); 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The manner one exerts this force is so easily perceptible; the allocation of force on different parts of syllables of words is referred to as Stress. According to Eyoh (1999), Stress refers to the amount of energy put on a part of a word or utterance to make it more emphasized than other parts. In phonology, stress is the relative emphasis given to a certain syllable in a word, or to a certain word in a phrase or sentence. This emphasis is usually occasioned by such properties as increased loudness and vowel length, full articulation of the vowel, and changes in the pitch. The position of stress in words may depend on certain rules applicable in the language; it must be learned for each word, as it is usually largely unpredictable. Whereas in other languages like: American, Finnish, Icelandic, Polish, Czech and others, which has fixed stress and which the position of the stress can easily be predicated by a simple rule (Wikipedia encyclopedia), the English Language is different. The English Language and other languages like Russian, Portuguese and Spanish are said to have variable stress because the position of stress in words of these languages are less predictable. This short essay highlights the unpredictable features of the stress in English Language. 2.0 The unpredictable features of Stress in English Language The following are the features of stress unpredictable in the English Language and their examples. They are:","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56201244,"asset_id":36294728,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":49233525,"first_name":"ai","last_name":"Nkuru","domain_name":"uniabuja","page_name":"aiNkuru","display_name":"ai Nkuru","profile_url":"https://uniabuja.academia.edu/aiNkuru?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/49233525/12950000/154202419/s65_ai.nkuru.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":38226,"name":"Sound Perception and Speech Recognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sound_Perception_and_Speech_Recognition?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10147770" data-work_id="10147770" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10147770/Quantifying_the_Sonority_Hierarchy">Quantifying the Sonority Hierarchy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10147770" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a24fd7242ef4135b8088f52a2f886245" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36256750,"asset_id":10147770,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36256750/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24540666" href="https://diu.academia.edu/SteveParker">Steve Parker</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24540666" type="text/json">{"id":24540666,"first_name":"Steve","last_name":"Parker","domain_name":"diu","page_name":"SteveParker","display_name":"Steve Parker","profile_url":"https://diu.academia.edu/SteveParker?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24540666/6700270/7569259/s65_steve.parker.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10147770 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10147770"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10147770, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10147770", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10147770]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10147770").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10147770").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10147770"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="897363" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Phonology">Laboratory Phonology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="897363" type="text/json">{"id":897363,"name":"Laboratory Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10147770]'), work: {"id":10147770,"title":"Quantifying the Sonority Hierarchy","created_at":"2015-01-13T12:30:25.098-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10147770/Quantifying_the_Sonority_Hierarchy?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_10147770","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36256750,"asset_id":10147770,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24540666,"first_name":"Steve","last_name":"Parker","domain_name":"diu","page_name":"SteveParker","display_name":"Steve Parker","profile_url":"https://diu.academia.edu/SteveParker?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24540666/6700270/7569259/s65_steve.parker.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":897363,"name":"Laboratory Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20272221" data-work_id="20272221" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20272221/La_syllabation_en_anglais_et_en_fran%C3%A7ais_consid%C3%A9rations_formelles_et_exp%C3%A9rimentales">La syllabation en anglais et en français : considérations formelles et expérimentales</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Cette thèse se propose d’étudier d’un point de vue formel et expérimental les fondements perceptifs de la syllabation en anglais et en français. Elle passe en revue différentes définitions de la syllabe et de l’ambisyllabicité et examine... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_20272221" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Cette thèse se propose d’étudier d’un point de vue formel et expérimental les fondements perceptifs de la syllabation en anglais et en français. Elle passe en revue différentes définitions de la syllabe et de l’ambisyllabicité et examine l’hypothétique universalité de leurs rôles, chez des natifs monolingues ou des bilingues. L’originalité de ce travail réside dans la prise en compte des préférences des locuteurs-auditeurs francophones et anglophones lors d’une tâche de syllabation. Pour le cas spécifique des segmentations de mots de deux syllabes CVCV, les anglophones prennent parfois en compte la qualité des voyelles et la place de l'accent lexical : un mot de deux syllabes CVCV sera segmenté CV.CV dans la plupart des cas en anglais (a priori toujours en français), mais différemment si l’ambisyllabicité s’y prête (si la première V de CVCV est accentuée et brève alors CVC.V ou CVC.CV) ou que la morphologie intervient (si les V de CVCV sont toutes deux accentuées). Le présent travail est donc la contrepartie perceptive de travaux précédents (Ryst, 2008) et révèle l’influence du degré d’exposition à la L2 des locuteurs-auditeurs sur leurs préférences de syllabation. Les règles de syllabation proposées pour les énoncés anglais peuvent trouver des applications technologiques (segmentation automatique de mots isolés en anglais, par exemple dans les dictionnaires). Des pistes de réflexion pour des applications didactiques et différentes perspectives de recherche sont aussi évoquées.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20272221" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3453689819cd2c60e1b6f244d4359aea" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41140699,"asset_id":20272221,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41140699/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13264513" href="https://unicaen.academia.edu/EliseRyst">Elise Ryst</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13264513" type="text/json">{"id":13264513,"first_name":"Elise","last_name":"Ryst","domain_name":"unicaen","page_name":"EliseRyst","display_name":"Elise Ryst","profile_url":"https://unicaen.academia.edu/EliseRyst?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13264513/11244722/166546519/s65_elise.ryst.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20272221 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20272221"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20272221, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20272221", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20272221]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_20272221").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_20272221").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="20272221"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="867" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception">Perception</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="867" type="text/json">{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4972" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psycholinguistics">Psycholinguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4972" type="text/json">{"id":4972,"name":"Psycholinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psycholinguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8996" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_linguistics">French linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8996" type="text/json">{"id":8996,"name":"French linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=20272221]'), work: {"id":20272221,"title":"La syllabation en anglais et en français : considérations formelles et expérimentales","created_at":"2016-01-14T12:58:54.042-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/20272221/La_syllabation_en_anglais_et_en_fran%C3%A7ais_consid%C3%A9rations_formelles_et_exp%C3%A9rimentales?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_20272221","summary":"Cette thèse se propose d’étudier d’un point de vue formel et expérimental les fondements perceptifs de la syllabation en anglais et en français. Elle passe en revue différentes définitions de la syllabe et de l’ambisyllabicité et examine l’hypothétique universalité de leurs rôles, chez des natifs monolingues ou des bilingues. L’originalité de ce travail réside dans la prise en compte des préférences des locuteurs-auditeurs francophones et anglophones lors d’une tâche de syllabation. Pour le cas spécifique des segmentations de mots de deux syllabes CVCV, les anglophones prennent parfois en compte la qualité des voyelles et la place de l'accent lexical : un mot de deux syllabes CVCV sera segmenté CV.CV dans la plupart des cas en anglais (a priori toujours en français), mais différemment si l’ambisyllabicité s’y prête (si la première V de CVCV est accentuée et brève alors CVC.V ou CVC.CV) ou que la morphologie intervient (si les V de CVCV sont toutes deux accentuées). Le présent travail est donc la contrepartie perceptive de travaux précédents (Ryst, 2008) et révèle l’influence du degré d’exposition à la L2 des locuteurs-auditeurs sur leurs préférences de syllabation. Les règles de syllabation proposées pour les énoncés anglais peuvent trouver des applications technologiques (segmentation automatique de mots isolés en anglais, par exemple dans les dictionnaires). Des pistes de réflexion pour des applications didactiques et différentes perspectives de recherche sont aussi évoquées. 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Each of these distinctions is explored in turn, and in this exploration it becomes clear how Hjelmslev defines his most important distinctions, namely, content-expression and form-substance-purport, which form the corner-stones of his stratified model of language, on different levels of abstraction. It is only by carefully considering his most abstract level of description, that the interaction between the different dimensions, and the nature of the ‘sign,’ which is explained by Hjelmslev as lying at the center of cross-cutting dimensions of differentiations, can be fully understood.<br />The specific nature of Hjelmslev's theory is further fleshed out by relating his distinctions to Saussure's theory of language; and by further contextualizing his model, historiographically, in the framework of (1) the earlier study of the phonic side of language in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and (2) Barthes's later reinterpretation of one of Hjelmslev's most innovative concepts, namely, the connotative semiotic.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1200767" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3d09dae49055d6f504cb7fb1967b2816" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":7450534,"asset_id":1200767,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/7450534/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="863979" href="https://ugent.academia.edu/MiriamTaverniers">Miriam Taverniers</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="863979" type="text/json">{"id":863979,"first_name":"Miriam","last_name":"Taverniers","domain_name":"ugent","page_name":"MiriamTaverniers","display_name":"Miriam Taverniers","profile_url":"https://ugent.academia.edu/MiriamTaverniers?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/863979/352637/420511/s65_miriam.taverniers.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1200767 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1200767"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1200767, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1200767", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1200767]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1200767").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1200767").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1200767"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="98" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics">Semiotics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="98" type="text/json">{"id":98,"name":"Semiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3524" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography">Historiography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3524" type="text/json">{"id":3524,"name":"Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15482" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structuralism_Post-Structuralism">Structuralism/Post-Structuralism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15482" type="text/json">{"id":15482,"name":"Structuralism/Post-Structuralism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structuralism_Post-Structuralism?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1200767]'), work: {"id":1200767,"title":"Hjelmslev’s semiotic model of language: An exegesis [Taverniers 2008]","created_at":"2012-01-04T22:13:25.938-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1200767/Hjelmslev_s_semiotic_model_of_language_An_exegesis_Taverniers_2008_?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_1200767","summary":"This article offers a detailed exploration of four types of differentiations on which Hjelmslev's semiotic model of language, developed in his Prolegomena to a Theory of Language (1963 [1943]), is built: content-expression, form-substance-purport, system-process, and paradigm-syntagm. Each of these distinctions is explored in turn, and in this exploration it becomes clear how Hjelmslev defines his most important distinctions, namely, content-expression and form-substance-purport, which form the corner-stones of his stratified model of language, on different levels of abstraction. It is only by carefully considering his most abstract level of description, that the interaction between the different dimensions, and the nature of the ‘sign,’ which is explained by Hjelmslev as lying at the center of cross-cutting dimensions of differentiations, can be fully understood.\nThe specific nature of Hjelmslev's theory is further fleshed out by relating his distinctions to Saussure's theory of language; and by further contextualizing his model, historiographically, in the framework of (1) the earlier study of the phonic side of language in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and (2) Barthes's later reinterpretation of one of Hjelmslev's most innovative concepts, namely, the connotative semiotic.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":7450534,"asset_id":1200767,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":863979,"first_name":"Miriam","last_name":"Taverniers","domain_name":"ugent","page_name":"MiriamTaverniers","display_name":"Miriam Taverniers","profile_url":"https://ugent.academia.edu/MiriamTaverniers?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/863979/352637/420511/s65_miriam.taverniers.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":98,"name":"Semiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":3524,"name":"Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":15482,"name":"Structuralism/Post-Structuralism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structuralism_Post-Structuralism?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":17319,"name":"Syntax-Semantics Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syntax-Semantics_Interface?f_ri=16617"},{"id":17455,"name":"Semiotics And Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics_And_Language?f_ri=16617"},{"id":114362,"name":"Glossematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glossematics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":352313,"name":"Content-Expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Content-Expression?f_ri=16617"},{"id":352345,"name":"Stratification in Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stratification_in_Language?f_ri=16617"},{"id":352348,"name":"Hjelmslev, Louis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hjelmslev_Louis?f_ri=16617"},{"id":352350,"name":"Levels of Encoding in Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Levels_of_Encoding_in_Language?f_ri=16617"},{"id":352376,"name":"Paradigm-Syntagm Relation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paradigm-Syntagm_Relation?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36860501" data-work_id="36860501" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36860501/The_Phonology_of_the_Lesser_Known_Languages_and_of_Endangered_Languages_Documentary_and_Theoretical_Approaches">The Phonology of the Lesser-Known Languages and of Endangered Languages. Documentary and Theoretical Approaches</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A steady increase in globalization in the world threatens the existence of a large number of smaller languages. Very often, locally dominant languages gain ground at the expense of the lesser-known, leading to language endangerment and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36860501" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A steady increase in globalization in the world threatens the existence of a large number of smaller languages. Very often, locally dominant languages gain ground at the expense of the lesser-known, leading to language endangerment and language death. However, not all small or lesser-known languages are endangered. <br /> <br />This workshop aims to train phonologists to study and preserve the world’s lesser-known (and often) threatened languages before they go extinct. Documentary and theoretical perspectives are welcome in a symbiotic approach. <br />Since phonological and grammatical sketches are lacking for so many lesser-known languages, we address the challenge of documenting them within different theoretical approaches. How can lesser-known languages add theoretical knowledge, challenge universals or upend theoretical expectations? <br /> <br />We open a debate on theoretical grounds to an unlimited list of lesser-known and threatened languages across the world: Europe, Africa, Asia, Middle East, Siberia, Asia-Pacific and Latin America…Our challenge is to illustrate core phonological processes, synchronic phonological conditioning, diachronic development and theoretical implications from lesser-known languages. <br /> <br />Our key objectives are: <br /> <br />- to enhance the documentation of as many lesser-known and endangered languages as possible <br /> <br />- to encourage phonological and theoretical work on lesser-known languages and endangered languages <br /> <br />- to make new documentation available <br /> <br />Invited speaker <br /> <br />The invited speaker is: Mary Paster (Pomona, California)</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36860501" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c2da4125709b6c4d1012cc32f6cd0450" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56814622,"asset_id":36860501,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56814622/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="36901077" href="https://univ-lyon3.academia.edu/MichelaRusso">Michela Russo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="36901077" type="text/json">{"id":36901077,"first_name":"Michela","last_name":"Russo","domain_name":"univ-lyon3","page_name":"MichelaRusso","display_name":"Michela Russo","profile_url":"https://univ-lyon3.academia.edu/MichelaRusso?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/36901077/10581414/19867695/s65_michela.russo.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36860501 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36860501"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36860501, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36860501", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_36860501 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36860501; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_36860501"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_36860501 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36860501"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36860501; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36860501]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36860501").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36860501").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36860501"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16164" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Minority_Languages">Minority Languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16164" type="text/json">{"id":16164,"name":"Minority Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Minority_Languages?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16432" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tones">Tones</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16432" type="text/json">{"id":16432,"name":"Tones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tones?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36860501]'), work: {"id":36860501,"title":"The Phonology of the Lesser-Known Languages and of Endangered Languages. Documentary and Theoretical Approaches","created_at":"2018-06-17T23:29:04.652-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36860501/The_Phonology_of_the_Lesser_Known_Languages_and_of_Endangered_Languages_Documentary_and_Theoretical_Approaches?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_36860501","summary":"A steady increase in globalization in the world threatens the existence of a large number of smaller languages. Very often, locally dominant languages gain ground at the expense of the lesser-known, leading to language endangerment and language death. However, not all small or lesser-known languages are endangered.\r\n\r\nThis workshop aims to train phonologists to study and preserve the world’s lesser-known (and often) threatened languages before they go extinct. Documentary and theoretical perspectives are welcome in a symbiotic approach.\r\nSince phonological and grammatical sketches are lacking for so many lesser-known languages, we address the challenge of documenting them within different theoretical approaches. How can lesser-known languages add theoretical knowledge, challenge universals or upend theoretical expectations?\r\n\r\nWe open a debate on theoretical grounds to an unlimited list of lesser-known and threatened languages across the world: Europe, Africa, Asia, Middle East, Siberia, Asia-Pacific and Latin America…Our challenge is to illustrate core phonological processes, synchronic phonological conditioning, diachronic development and theoretical implications from lesser-known languages.\r\n\r\nOur key objectives are:\r\n\r\n- to enhance the documentation of as many lesser-known and endangered languages as possible\r\n\r\n- to encourage phonological and theoretical work on lesser-known languages and endangered languages\r\n\r\n- to make new documentation available\r\n\r\nInvited speaker\r\n\r\nThe invited speaker is: Mary Paster (Pomona, California)","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56814622,"asset_id":36860501,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":56821213,"asset_id":36860501,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":36901077,"first_name":"Michela","last_name":"Russo","domain_name":"univ-lyon3","page_name":"MichelaRusso","display_name":"Michela Russo","profile_url":"https://univ-lyon3.academia.edu/MichelaRusso?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/36901077/10581414/19867695/s65_michela.russo.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":16164,"name":"Minority Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Minority_Languages?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16432,"name":"Tones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tones?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":28609,"name":"Phonological Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Theory?f_ri=16617"},{"id":36595,"name":"Endangered languages/cultures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endangered_languages_cultures?f_ri=16617"},{"id":384736,"name":"Articulatory Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Articulatory_Phonology?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15649203" data-work_id="15649203" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15649203/On_the_atoms_of_phonological_representation">On the atoms of phonological representation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Is the phonetic form of human language underlyingly organised in terms of words, distinctive features, elements, or articulatory gestures? After setting out the basic properties of the two leading responses to this question, couched... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15649203" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Is the phonetic form of human language underlyingly organised in terms of words, distinctive features, elements, or articulatory gestures? After setting out the basic properties of the two leading responses to this question, couched within Distinctive Feature Theory and Articulatory Phonology, we argue that although the two are essentially interchangeable in many ways, they differ significantly with respect to a number of important empirical predictions, some resulting from the nature of features and gestures themselves and some from the theoretical frameworks within which they are generally embedded. In both regards Distinctive Feature Theory is to be preferred, insofar as (at least when situated within a conventional generative model such as Rule-Based Phonology: it correctly predicts the distribution of labial vs labiodental consonants; the existence of relativised locality, inversion, enhancement, and suprasegmental processes; autonomy of stricture and manner vs place of articulation; and phonological manipulations of individual segments such as insertion and non-assimilatory mutation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15649203" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8e62d31b67cc598cee486f619c0d4f25" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38753460,"asset_id":15649203,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38753460/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39895" href="https://cambridge.academia.edu/BertVaux">Bert Vaux</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39895" type="text/json">{"id":39895,"first_name":"Bert","last_name":"Vaux","domain_name":"cambridge","page_name":"BertVaux","display_name":"Bert Vaux","profile_url":"https://cambridge.academia.edu/BertVaux?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39895/13212/12379/s65_bert.vaux.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15649203 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15649203"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15649203, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15649203", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_15649203 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15649203; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_15649203"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_15649203 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15649203"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15649203; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15649203]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_15649203").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_15649203").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="15649203"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17540" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology">English Phonetics and Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17540" type="text/json">{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60338" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology">Phonetics and Phonology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="60338" type="text/json">{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15649203]'), work: {"id":15649203,"title":"On the atoms of phonological representation","created_at":"2015-09-13T07:52:34.776-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15649203/On_the_atoms_of_phonological_representation?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_15649203","summary":"Is the phonetic form of human language underlyingly organised in terms of words, distinctive features, elements, or articulatory gestures? After setting out the basic properties of the two leading responses to this question, couched within Distinctive Feature Theory and Articulatory Phonology, we argue that although the two are essentially interchangeable in many ways, they differ significantly with respect to a number of important empirical predictions, some resulting from the nature of features and gestures themselves and some from the theoretical frameworks within which they are generally embedded. In both regards Distinctive Feature Theory is to be preferred, insofar as (at least when situated within a conventional generative model such as Rule-Based Phonology: it correctly predicts the distribution of labial vs labiodental consonants; the existence of relativised locality, inversion, enhancement, and suprasegmental processes; autonomy of stricture and manner vs place of articulation; and phonological manipulations of individual segments such as insertion and non-assimilatory mutation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38753460,"asset_id":15649203,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39895,"first_name":"Bert","last_name":"Vaux","domain_name":"cambridge","page_name":"BertVaux","display_name":"Bert Vaux","profile_url":"https://cambridge.academia.edu/BertVaux?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39895/13212/12379/s65_bert.vaux.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":384736,"name":"Articulatory Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Articulatory_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":637000,"name":"Element theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Element_theory?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42108799" data-work_id="42108799" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42108799/Generativna_fonologija_Generative_Phonology_">Generativna fonologija (Generative Phonology)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">U knjizi su izložena opća načela generativne fonologije, koja su potom primijenjena u opisu hrvatskoga jezika.<br /><br />The book presents the main principles of generative phonology and applies them in the description of Croatian.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42108799" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7d1846f37c401421ea027dde54b0b9bf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66774778,"asset_id":42108799,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66774778/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2779000" href="https://ffzg.academia.edu/VenoVolenec">Veno Volenec</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2779000" type="text/json">{"id":2779000,"first_name":"Veno","last_name":"Volenec","domain_name":"ffzg","page_name":"VenoVolenec","display_name":"Veno Volenec","profile_url":"https://ffzg.academia.edu/VenoVolenec?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2779000/906594/84447784/s65_veno.volenec.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42108799 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42108799"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42108799, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42108799", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_42108799 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42108799; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_42108799"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_42108799 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42108799"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42108799; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42108799]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42108799").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42108799").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42108799"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13297" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Linguistics">Cognitive Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13297" type="text/json">{"id":13297,"name":"Cognitive Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15674" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics">Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15674" type="text/json">{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42108799]'), work: {"id":42108799,"title":"Generativna fonologija (Generative Phonology)","created_at":"2020-03-01T08:19:33.431-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42108799/Generativna_fonologija_Generative_Phonology_?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_42108799","summary":"U knjizi su izložena opća načela generativne fonologije, koja su potom primijenjena u opisu hrvatskoga jezika.\n\nThe book presents the main principles of generative phonology and applies them in the description of Croatian.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66774778,"asset_id":42108799,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2779000,"first_name":"Veno","last_name":"Volenec","domain_name":"ffzg","page_name":"VenoVolenec","display_name":"Veno Volenec","profile_url":"https://ffzg.academia.edu/VenoVolenec?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2779000/906594/84447784/s65_veno.volenec.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":13297,"name":"Cognitive Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617"},{"id":16618,"name":"Optimality Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimality_Theory?f_ri=16617"},{"id":52353,"name":"Generative linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Generative_linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":93530,"name":"Universal grammar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Universal_grammar?f_ri=16617"},{"id":401283,"name":"Kognitivna Lingvistika","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kognitivna_Lingvistika?f_ri=16617"},{"id":428624,"name":"Hrvatski","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hrvatski?f_ri=16617"},{"id":494206,"name":"Croatian Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Croatian_Language?f_ri=16617"},{"id":505312,"name":"Hrvatski Jezik","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hrvatski_Jezik?f_ri=16617"},{"id":605952,"name":"Generative Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Generative_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":640077,"name":"Croatian Language and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Croatian_Language_and_Literature?f_ri=16617"},{"id":1355842,"name":"Lingvistika","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lingvistika?f_ri=16617"},{"id":2256885,"name":"Rule-Based Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rule-Based_Phonology?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_19461945" data-work_id="19461945" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19461945/When_Small_Body_marries_Humid_Climate_The_birth_of_tone">When Small Body marries Humid Climate: The birth of ... tone</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper provides a systematic account of the emergence of contour tone, based on a ‘syllable-tone-register’ model and a large body of new firsthand acoustic tonal data. The emergence of tone is a process of pitch upgrading from an... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_19461945" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper provides a systematic account of the emergence of contour tone, based on a ‘syllable-tone-register’ model and a large body of new firsthand acoustic tonal data. The emergence of tone is a process of pitch upgrading from an accompanying feature of phonation types to a distinctive feature. It involves three linguistic prerequisites, which bring about three processes: (L1) various phonation types, clear voice, breathy voice, falsetto, etc., which intrinsically induce pitch differences. (L2) Mono-syllabic (with great sonorous power) morpheme structure that enhance the pitch differences. (L3) Phonologicalization, which conceptualizes the enhanced pitch differences to a phonological category, tone. Furthermore, this paper proposes two ecological preconditions behind the linguistic prerequisites: (N1) Humid climates, which tend to induce a breathy voice. (N2) Small body-size, which tends to induce falsetto and creaky voice. A flowchart is designed to show how these prerequisites lead to different types of the world’s languages and finally output contour tone.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19461945" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d2ce930e7e1378ba09dee0822c2efaee" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40633807,"asset_id":19461945,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40633807/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7648685" href="https://hkust.academia.edu/XiaonongZhu">Xiaonong Zhu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7648685" type="text/json">{"id":7648685,"first_name":"Xiaonong","last_name":"Zhu","domain_name":"hkust","page_name":"XiaonongZhu","display_name":"Xiaonong Zhu","profile_url":"https://hkust.academia.edu/XiaonongZhu?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7648685/8911145/9945722/s65_xiaonong.zhu.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_19461945 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="19461945"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 19461945, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_19461945", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=19461945]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_19461945").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_19461945").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="19461945"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13167" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology">Laboratory/Experimental Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13167" type="text/json">{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16432" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tones">Tones</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16432" type="text/json">{"id":16432,"name":"Tones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tones?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=19461945]'), work: {"id":19461945,"title":"When Small Body marries Humid Climate: The birth of ... tone","created_at":"2015-12-04T06:24:36.796-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/19461945/When_Small_Body_marries_Humid_Climate_The_birth_of_tone?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_19461945","summary":"This paper provides a systematic account of the emergence of contour tone, based on a ‘syllable-tone-register’ model and a large body of new firsthand acoustic tonal data. The emergence of tone is a process of pitch upgrading from an accompanying feature of phonation types to a distinctive feature. It involves three linguistic prerequisites, which bring about three processes: (L1) various phonation types, clear voice, breathy voice, falsetto, etc., which intrinsically induce pitch differences. (L2) Mono-syllabic (with great sonorous power) morpheme structure that enhance the pitch differences. (L3) Phonologicalization, which conceptualizes the enhanced pitch differences to a phonological category, tone. Furthermore, this paper proposes two ecological preconditions behind the linguistic prerequisites: (N1) Humid climates, which tend to induce a breathy voice. (N2) Small body-size, which tends to induce falsetto and creaky voice. A flowchart is designed to show how these prerequisites lead to different types of the world’s languages and finally output contour tone.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40633807,"asset_id":19461945,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7648685,"first_name":"Xiaonong","last_name":"Zhu","domain_name":"hkust","page_name":"XiaonongZhu","display_name":"Xiaonong Zhu","profile_url":"https://hkust.academia.edu/XiaonongZhu?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7648685/8911145/9945722/s65_xiaonong.zhu.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16432,"name":"Tones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tones?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":20544,"name":"Evolutionary Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":29668,"name":"Tone systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tone_systems?f_ri=16617"},{"id":78209,"name":"Prosody and Tones of Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosody_and_Tones_of_Languages?f_ri=16617"},{"id":86215,"name":"Diachronic Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diachronic_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":98539,"name":"Lexical Tone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lexical_Tone?f_ri=16617"},{"id":324308,"name":"Historical Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":383309,"name":"Tonogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tonogenesis?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15193017" data-work_id="15193017" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15193017/Coarticulation">Coarticulation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">One of the central issues in contemporary phonetics is that of coarticulation. Speech segments do not and cannot occur isolated in real speech. As elements of a multisegmental utterance in continuous speech, all segments have neighbors... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15193017" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">One of the central issues in contemporary phonetics is that of coarticulation. Speech segments do not and cannot occur isolated in real speech. As elements of a multisegmental utterance in continuous speech, all segments have neighbors which exert a certain degree of influence upon them. The vast array of articulatory adaptations that occurs as a result of the influence of one phonetic structure on another is what constitutes coarticulation in its broadest sense. Because of its ubiquitous nature in continuous speech, coarticulation has been and continues to be a central research area in experimental and theoretical articulatory phonetics. Naturally then, any integral theory or model of speech production, and to a lesser degree speech perception, must account for coarticulation. In this chapter we provide a general introduction to coarticulation, to the techniques used to measure it, and to the major theoretical and experimental contributions in explaining the nature and principles that govern it. Depending on the theoretical approach, the definition and scope of coarticulation may vary significantly, thus we aim to review and assess some of the more influential models of coarticulation, which constitute a fundamental part of contemporary phonetics. Theories and models of coarticulation also have significant consequences on phonological theory, especially the phonology-phonetics interface. Modelling coarticulation is central to understanding how the categorical, timeless and context-independent units suggested by phonology and the gradual, dynamic and context- dependent characteristics of continuous speech are related to each other. Therefore, in this chapter we also explore the place of coarticulation in the phonology/phonetics dichotomy, relating coarticulation to what may in essence be viewed as its phonological counterpart – assimilation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15193017" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a2399de2f5cbcb568c31881685c472ba" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48824823,"asset_id":15193017,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48824823/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2779000" href="https://ffzg.academia.edu/VenoVolenec">Veno Volenec</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2779000" type="text/json">{"id":2779000,"first_name":"Veno","last_name":"Volenec","domain_name":"ffzg","page_name":"VenoVolenec","display_name":"Veno Volenec","profile_url":"https://ffzg.academia.edu/VenoVolenec?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2779000/906594/84447784/s65_veno.volenec.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15193017 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15193017"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15193017, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15193017", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_15193017 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15193017; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_15193017"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_15193017 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15193017"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15193017; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15193017]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_15193017").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_15193017").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="15193017"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13167" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology">Laboratory/Experimental Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13167" type="text/json">{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15193017]'), work: {"id":15193017,"title":"Coarticulation","created_at":"2015-08-26T05:00:45.562-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15193017/Coarticulation?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_15193017","summary":"One of the central issues in contemporary phonetics is that of coarticulation. Speech segments do not and cannot occur isolated in real speech. As elements of a multisegmental utterance in continuous speech, all segments have neighbors which exert a certain degree of influence upon them. The vast array of articulatory adaptations that occurs as a result of the influence of one phonetic structure on another is what constitutes coarticulation in its broadest sense. Because of its ubiquitous nature in continuous speech, coarticulation has been and continues to be a central research area in experimental and theoretical articulatory phonetics. Naturally then, any integral theory or model of speech production, and to a lesser degree speech perception, must account for coarticulation. In this chapter we provide a general introduction to coarticulation, to the techniques used to measure it, and to the major theoretical and experimental contributions in explaining the nature and principles that govern it. Depending on the theoretical approach, the definition and scope of coarticulation may vary significantly, thus we aim to review and assess some of the more influential models of coarticulation, which constitute a fundamental part of contemporary phonetics. Theories and models of coarticulation also have significant consequences on phonological theory, especially the phonology-phonetics interface. Modelling coarticulation is central to understanding how the categorical, timeless and context-independent units suggested by phonology and the gradual, dynamic and context- dependent characteristics of continuous speech are related to each other. Therefore, in this chapter we also explore the place of coarticulation in the phonology/phonetics dichotomy, relating coarticulation to what may in essence be viewed as its phonological counterpart – assimilation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48824823,"asset_id":15193017,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2779000,"first_name":"Veno","last_name":"Volenec","domain_name":"ffzg","page_name":"VenoVolenec","display_name":"Veno Volenec","profile_url":"https://ffzg.academia.edu/VenoVolenec?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2779000/906594/84447784/s65_veno.volenec.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":24938,"name":"Articulatory Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Articulatory_Phonetics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":74234,"name":"Experimental Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Phonetics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":115118,"name":"Fonetika","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fonetika?f_ri=16617"},{"id":179481,"name":"Assimilation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assimilation?f_ri=16617"},{"id":383315,"name":"Coarticulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coarticulation?f_ri=16617"},{"id":512902,"name":"Coarticulation resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coarticulation_resistance?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3201209" data-work_id="3201209" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3201209/The_interaction_of_metrical_structure_tone_and_phonation_types_in_Quiavin%C3%AD_Zapotec">The interaction of metrical structure, tone, and phonation types in Quiaviní Zapotec</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This thesis investigates the interaction between different prosodic patterns in Quiaviní Zapotec (Otomanguean), and accounts for them both at the phonetic and the phonological level. In it, I examine an array of complex patterns along... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3201209" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This thesis investigates the interaction between different prosodic patterns in Quiaviní Zapotec (Otomanguean), and accounts for them both at the phonetic and the phonological level. In it, I examine an array of complex patterns along multiple dimensions, including metrical structure, tone, and phonation types; as well as how these patterns interact with the fortis/lenis distinction, and syllable structure. Within the framework of Optimality Theory, my analysis sheds light on the phonetics-phonology interface and emphasizes the need for a theory with moraic structure.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3201209" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="56c39b22c0b2d59cb9a826976c96717a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37953010,"asset_id":3201209,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37953010/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3658181" href="https://ciesasdocencia.academia.edu/MarioEChavezPeon">Mario E. Chavez-Peon</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3658181" type="text/json">{"id":3658181,"first_name":"Mario E.","last_name":"Chavez-Peon","domain_name":"ciesasdocencia","page_name":"MarioEChavezPeon","display_name":"Mario E. Chavez-Peon","profile_url":"https://ciesasdocencia.academia.edu/MarioEChavezPeon?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3658181/7995930/8956357/s65_mario_e..chavez-peon.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3201209 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3201209"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3201209, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3201209", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_3201209 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3201209; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_3201209"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_3201209 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3201209"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3201209; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3201209]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3201209").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3201209").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3201209"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9729" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress">Stress</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9729" type="text/json">{"id":9729,"name":"Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13167" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology">Laboratory/Experimental Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13167" type="text/json">{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16432" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tones">Tones</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="16432" type="text/json">{"id":16432,"name":"Tones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tones?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3201209]'), work: {"id":3201209,"title":"The interaction of metrical structure, tone, and phonation types in Quiaviní Zapotec","created_at":"2013-04-03T05:58:21.094-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3201209/The_interaction_of_metrical_structure_tone_and_phonation_types_in_Quiavin%C3%AD_Zapotec?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_3201209","summary":"This thesis investigates the interaction between different prosodic patterns in Quiaviní Zapotec (Otomanguean), and accounts for them both at the phonetic and the phonological level. In it, I examine an array of complex patterns along multiple dimensions, including metrical structure, tone, and phonation types; as well as how these patterns interact with the fortis/lenis distinction, and syllable structure. Within the framework of Optimality Theory, my analysis sheds light on the phonetics-phonology interface and emphasizes the need for a theory with moraic structure.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37953010,"asset_id":3201209,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3658181,"first_name":"Mario E.","last_name":"Chavez-Peon","domain_name":"ciesasdocencia","page_name":"MarioEChavezPeon","display_name":"Mario E. Chavez-Peon","profile_url":"https://ciesasdocencia.academia.edu/MarioEChavezPeon?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3658181/7995930/8956357/s65_mario_e..chavez-peon.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":9729,"name":"Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16432,"name":"Tones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tones?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617"},{"id":39150,"name":"Mesoamerican linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesoamerican_linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":69916,"name":"Zapotec","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zapotec?f_ri=16617"},{"id":124198,"name":"Zapoteco","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zapoteco?f_ri=16617"},{"id":179383,"name":"Otomanguean Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Otomanguean_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":237101,"name":"Mesoamerican languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesoamerican_languages?f_ri=16617"},{"id":1416960,"name":"Lenguas Otomangues","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lenguas_Otomangues?f_ri=16617"},{"id":1966606,"name":"Quiaviní Zapotec","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quiavin%C3%AD_Zapotec?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4168837" data-work_id="4168837" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4168837/Vowel_epenthesis_acoustics_and_phonology_patterns_in_Moroccan_Arabic">Vowel epenthesis, acoustics and phonology patterns in Moroccan Arabic</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In Moroccan Arabic it is widely accepted that short vowels are mostly elided, resulting in consonant clusters and consonant geminates. In this paper we present evidence from our exploratory timing study that challenges this widely... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4168837" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In Moroccan Arabic it is widely accepted that short vowels are mostly elided, resulting in consonant clusters and consonant geminates. In this paper we present evidence from our exploratory timing study that challenges this widely accepted principle. We work with minimal pairs of singleton consonants vs. geminates (e.g. /bka/ vs. /bəkka/) that reveals a presence of a vowel insertion between the clusters in word initial position in singleton cases. The length of the vowel insertion (epenthetic vowel) and silent pause of the stop consonant is greater than of a noise material. The epenthetic vowel is present in isolated words and in sentence context too. In this paper we also provide phonetic correlates in the minimal pairs -between epenthetic vowel and lexical vowel, between singleton and geminate consonants, and contrast these with other Arabic dialect phonetic timing studies.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4168837" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="77062d14d1992c2392c6a8cd48ec2274" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31672974,"asset_id":4168837,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31672974/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5039611" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/MohamedLahrouchi">Mohamed Lahrouchi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5039611" type="text/json">{"id":5039611,"first_name":"Mohamed","last_name":"Lahrouchi","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"MohamedLahrouchi","display_name":"Mohamed Lahrouchi","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/MohamedLahrouchi?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5039611/2783712/19665002/s65_mohamed.lahrouchi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4168837 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4168837"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4168837, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4168837", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4168837 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4168837; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4168837"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4168837 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4168837"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4168837; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4168837]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4168837").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4168837").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4168837"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4168837]'), work: {"id":4168837,"title":"Vowel epenthesis, acoustics and phonology patterns in Moroccan Arabic","created_at":"2013-08-04T03:24:45.974-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4168837/Vowel_epenthesis_acoustics_and_phonology_patterns_in_Moroccan_Arabic?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_4168837","summary":"In Moroccan Arabic it is widely accepted that short vowels are mostly elided, resulting in consonant clusters and consonant geminates. In this paper we present evidence from our exploratory timing study that challenges this widely accepted principle. We work with minimal pairs of singleton consonants vs. geminates (e.g. /bka/ vs. /bəkka/) that reveals a presence of a vowel insertion between the clusters in word initial position in singleton cases. The length of the vowel insertion (epenthetic vowel) and silent pause of the stop consonant is greater than of a noise material. The epenthetic vowel is present in isolated words and in sentence context too. In this paper we also provide phonetic correlates in the minimal pairs -between epenthetic vowel and lexical vowel, between singleton and geminate consonants, and contrast these with other Arabic dialect phonetic timing studies.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31672974,"asset_id":4168837,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5039611,"first_name":"Mohamed","last_name":"Lahrouchi","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"MohamedLahrouchi","display_name":"Mohamed Lahrouchi","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/MohamedLahrouchi?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5039611/2783712/19665002/s65_mohamed.lahrouchi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":2876,"name":"Moroccan Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moroccan_Studies?f_ri=16617"},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":13684,"name":"Morocco","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morocco?f_ri=16617"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617"},{"id":17700,"name":"Arabic Dialects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Dialects?f_ri=16617"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":38808,"name":"Northwest Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":49171,"name":"Arabic Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":99785,"name":"AfroAsiatic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/AfroAsiatic?f_ri=16617"},{"id":145566,"name":"Arabic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":398170,"name":"Moroccan Dialect","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moroccan_Dialect?f_ri=16617"},{"id":420201,"name":"Moroccan Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moroccan_Arabic?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_283119" data-work_id="283119" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/283119/Relational_Correspondence_In_Tone_Sandhi">Relational Correspondence In Tone Sandhi</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This dissertation proposes that the constraint component of OT grammars should be expanded to include a family of faithfulness constraints that evaluate input-output/output-output mappings for the preservation of gross Fo contours... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_283119" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This dissertation proposes that the constraint component of OT grammars should be expanded to include a family of faithfulness constraints that evaluate input-output/output-output mappings for the preservation of gross Fo contours (rising, falling, level) across two or more segments. Following Steriade (2006), I refer to constraints in this family as Relational Correspondence constraints. The central tenet of Relational Correspondence is that phonological processes are shaped by pressure to maintain perceptual similarity between correspondent relations between successive elements, or syntagmatic contrast preservation in the auditory domain Fo, as opposed to paradigmatic contrast preservation according to which the well-formedness of an entity is evaluated with reference to the set of entities it contrasts with.<br />Two types of Relational Correspondence are distinguished in this work: Contour and Slope Correspondence. Contour Correspondence, formulated as RELCORR constraints, assesses correspondence of the phonological height (Fo scaling) relation between successive tones. Four height relations are proposed for the tonal contour: "greater than" (x>y), "less than" (x<y), "equal to" (x=y), and "non-equal to" (xey). Preservation of the four scaling relations is contextualized with respect to different degrees of cohesiveness: nucleus-internal, word-internal and across words. Slope Correspondence, formulated as MATCH-SLOPE constraints, requires preservation of the steepness of the Fo contour across successive tones.<br />Relational correspondence provides a unifying account for a number of seemingly unrelated tone sandhi phenomena in genetically diverse languages, while explaining empirical facts that cannot be adequately expressed within the standard Correspondence Theory of faithfulness plus<br />markedness constraints.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/283119" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="654713bceacf543a4f3c66345424be89" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30839254,"asset_id":283119,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30839254/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="118878" href="https://nthu.academia.edu/FengfanHsieh">Feng-fan Hsieh</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="118878" type="text/json">{"id":118878,"first_name":"Feng-fan","last_name":"Hsieh","domain_name":"nthu","page_name":"FengfanHsieh","display_name":"Feng-fan Hsieh","profile_url":"https://nthu.academia.edu/FengfanHsieh?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/118878/31938/139903229/s65_feng-fan.hsieh.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_283119 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="283119"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 283119, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_283119", }); 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Following Steriade (2006), I refer to constraints in this family as Relational Correspondence constraints. The central tenet of Relational Correspondence is that phonological processes are shaped by pressure to maintain perceptual similarity between correspondent relations between successive elements, or syntagmatic contrast preservation in the auditory domain Fo, as opposed to paradigmatic contrast preservation according to which the well-formedness of an entity is evaluated with reference to the set of entities it contrasts with.\nTwo types of Relational Correspondence are distinguished in this work: Contour and Slope Correspondence. Contour Correspondence, formulated as RELCORR constraints, assesses correspondence of the phonological height (Fo scaling) relation between successive tones. Four height relations are proposed for the tonal contour: \"greater than\" (x\u003ey), \"less than\" (x\u003cy), \"equal to\" (x=y), and \"non-equal to\" (xey). Preservation of the four scaling relations is contextualized with respect to different degrees of cohesiveness: nucleus-internal, word-internal and across words. Slope Correspondence, formulated as MATCH-SLOPE constraints, requires preservation of the steepness of the Fo contour across successive tones.\nRelational correspondence provides a unifying account for a number of seemingly unrelated tone sandhi phenomena in genetically diverse languages, while explaining empirical facts that cannot be adequately expressed within the standard Correspondence Theory of faithfulness plus\nmarkedness constraints.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":30839254,"asset_id":283119,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":118878,"first_name":"Feng-fan","last_name":"Hsieh","domain_name":"nthu","page_name":"FengfanHsieh","display_name":"Feng-fan Hsieh","profile_url":"https://nthu.academia.edu/FengfanHsieh?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/118878/31938/139903229/s65_feng-fan.hsieh.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16432,"name":"Tones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tones?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16618,"name":"Optimality Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimality_Theory?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":220766,"name":"Tone Sandhi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tone_Sandhi?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38514209" data-work_id="38514209" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38514209/Hypnosis_vs_Progressive_Muscle_Relaxation_as_Cognitive_Therapeutic_Interventions_Insights_into_Reducing_EFL_Learners_Test_Anxiety">Hypnosis vs. Progressive Muscle Relaxation as Cognitive-Therapeutic Interventions: Insights into Reducing EFL Learners' Test Anxiety</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Among the variety of intervention techniques for treating test anxiety that interferes with students' ability to demonstrate their real knowledge on examinations, cognitive-behavioral methods have been proposed to be effective. The... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38514209" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Among the variety of intervention techniques for treating test anxiety that interferes with students' ability to demonstrate their real knowledge on examinations, cognitive-behavioral methods have been proposed to be effective. The current study aimed to investigate whether two cognitive-behavioral techniques (relaxation & hypnosis) would reduce test anxiety in female high school third year students. A randomized controlled trial was conducted through which 60 female high school third year students were randomly assigned to three groups of relaxation, hypnosis and control. A trained clinical psychologist delivered the relaxation and hypnosis sessions having assured hypnotizability. Each session lasted 40 minutes twice a week within two weeks. The relaxation and the hypnosis groups received progressive muscle relaxation and positive suggestions given to subconscious mind for managing exam anxiety, respectively; while, the control group received no treatment but the Test Anxiety Questionnaire as a pre-test. Matched t-tests run on pre-and post-test results showed that both treatments resulted in reduced test anxiety. Further ANCOVA and follow up Bonferoni test indicated a significant difference among the three groups, with hypnosis intervention as significantly the most successful one. Findings highlight the need to consider the role of psychology and cognitive-behavioral intervention techniques in reducing test anxiety.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38514209" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ea8c4db4dac8d0bb86ab6c894afbe9a5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58582458,"asset_id":38514209,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58582458/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4443238" href="https://eltsjournal.academia.edu/InternationalJournalofEnglishLanguageandTranslationStudies">International Journal of English Language and Translation Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4443238" type="text/json">{"id":4443238,"first_name":"International Journal of English Language","last_name":"and Translation Studies","domain_name":"eltsjournal","page_name":"InternationalJournalofEnglishLanguageandTranslationStudies","display_name":"International Journal of English Language and Translation Studies","profile_url":"https://eltsjournal.academia.edu/InternationalJournalofEnglishLanguageandTranslationStudies?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4443238/1814454/9010746/s65_international_journal_of_english_language.and_translation_studies.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38514209 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38514209"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38514209, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38514209", }); 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The current study aimed to investigate whether two cognitive-behavioral techniques (relaxation \u0026 hypnosis) would reduce test anxiety in female high school third year students. A randomized controlled trial was conducted through which 60 female high school third year students were randomly assigned to three groups of relaxation, hypnosis and control. A trained clinical psychologist delivered the relaxation and hypnosis sessions having assured hypnotizability. Each session lasted 40 minutes twice a week within two weeks. The relaxation and the hypnosis groups received progressive muscle relaxation and positive suggestions given to subconscious mind for managing exam anxiety, respectively; while, the control group received no treatment but the Test Anxiety Questionnaire as a pre-test. Matched t-tests run on pre-and post-test results showed that both treatments resulted in reduced test anxiety. Further ANCOVA and follow up Bonferoni test indicated a significant difference among the three groups, with hypnosis intervention as significantly the most successful one. Findings highlight the need to consider the role of psychology and cognitive-behavioral intervention techniques in reducing test anxiety.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58582458,"asset_id":38514209,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4443238,"first_name":"International Journal of English Language","last_name":"and Translation Studies","domain_name":"eltsjournal","page_name":"InternationalJournalofEnglishLanguageandTranslationStudies","display_name":"International Journal of English Language and Translation Studies","profile_url":"https://eltsjournal.academia.edu/InternationalJournalofEnglishLanguageandTranslationStudies?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4443238/1814454/9010746/s65_international_journal_of_english_language.and_translation_studies.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":236,"name":"Cognitive Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Psychology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":3574,"name":"Phonological Awareness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Awareness?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":5218,"name":"Iranian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iranian_Studies?f_ri=16617"},{"id":7709,"name":"Applied Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":9747,"name":"Hypnosis (Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hypnosis_Psychology_?f_ri=16617"},{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":13297,"name":"Cognitive Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617"},{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":22043,"name":"Phonological Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Acquisition?f_ri=16617"},{"id":25701,"name":"Progressive Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Progressive_Education?f_ri=16617"},{"id":28609,"name":"Phonological 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work_36855028" data-work_id="36855028" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36855028/Some_basics_of_Indo_European_phonology">Some basics of Indo-European phonology</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36855028" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5597d0df7dcf0530fdeeedd841a1b791" rel="nofollow" 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Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indo-European_Studies?f_ri=16617"},{"id":12460,"name":"Anatolian Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anatolian_Languages?f_ri=16617"},{"id":12461,"name":"Hittite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hittite?f_ri=16617"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617"},{"id":28958,"name":"Orthography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthography?f_ri=16617"},{"id":32522,"name":"Indo-European Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indo-European_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":32622,"name":"Language Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Change?f_ri=16617"},{"id":33749,"name":"Proto Indo-European","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proto_Indo-European?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":86215,"name":"Diachronic Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diachronic_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":127503,"name":"Indo-European","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indo-European?f_ri=16617"},{"id":131296,"name":"Comparative Indo-European Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Indo-European_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_424670" data-work_id="424670" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/424670/Regional_Variation_in_Chicano_English_Incipient_Dialect_Formation_Among_L1_and_L2_Speakers_in_Benton_Harbor_Michigan">Regional Variation in Chicano English: Incipient Dialect Formation Among L1 and L2 Speakers in Benton Harbor, Michigan</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This ethnographic investigation of the vowel system of Mexican Americans in Southwest Michigan addresses several holes in the literature, including the lack of research on Mexican Americans outside in the American South and the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_424670" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This ethnographic investigation of the vowel system of Mexican Americans in Southwest Michigan addresses several holes in the literature, including the lack of research on Mexican Americans outside in the American South and the interaction of their dialect with regional variation. Sociolinguistics has a long tradition of exploring both the language use of political minorities and the regional variation of those who considered among the mainstream population, but it often ignores interaction between the two. This work addresses such interaction among Mexican Americans in Benton Harbor, Michigan, a town which is 95% African American, in terms of both their production and their perception of vowels. This population, composed mostly of former migrant workers, is only beginning to form a community, but linguistic patterns similar to Roeder’s (2006) study of an established community of Mexican Americans in Lansing, Michigan, are already emerging. Contrary to Labov’s (1994) claims that groups like Latinos do not participate in regional variation, the vocalic patterns of Mexican Americans in Benton Harbor and Lansing demonstrate accommodation to the Northern Cities Shift (NCS), a regional change found among whites in the Inland North. This work also addresses claims about substrate Spanish effects in the vowel system, showing several of the claims about confusion patterns might be overstated. Finally, it addresses the social situation that is conditioning the developing dialect, addressing racial tensions and patterns of movement that might contribute to these speakers’ partial adoption of the NCS as opposed to other available local norms.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/424670" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8bd133b8077a69d2cb879694e8bad3dd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37142594,"asset_id":424670,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37142594/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="257812" href="https://tc.academia.edu/JaclynOcumpaugh">Jaclyn L Ocumpaugh</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="257812" type="text/json">{"id":257812,"first_name":"Jaclyn","last_name":"Ocumpaugh","domain_name":"tc","page_name":"JaclynOcumpaugh","display_name":"Jaclyn L Ocumpaugh","profile_url":"https://tc.academia.edu/JaclynOcumpaugh?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/257812/8044512/9008986/s65_jaclyn.ocumpaugh.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_424670 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="424670"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 424670, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_424670", }); 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Sociolinguistics has a long tradition of exploring both the language use of political minorities and the regional variation of those who considered among the mainstream population, but it often ignores interaction between the two. This work addresses such interaction among Mexican Americans in Benton Harbor, Michigan, a town which is 95% African American, in terms of both their production and their perception of vowels. This population, composed mostly of former migrant workers, is only beginning to form a community, but linguistic patterns similar to Roeder’s (2006) study of an established community of Mexican Americans in Lansing, Michigan, are already emerging. Contrary to Labov’s (1994) claims that groups like Latinos do not participate in regional variation, the vocalic patterns of Mexican Americans in Benton Harbor and Lansing demonstrate accommodation to the Northern Cities Shift (NCS), a regional change found among whites in the Inland North. This work also addresses claims about substrate Spanish effects in the vowel system, showing several of the claims about confusion patterns might be overstated. Finally, it addresses the social situation that is conditioning the developing dialect, addressing racial tensions and patterns of movement that might contribute to these speakers’ partial adoption of the NCS as opposed to other available local norms.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37142594,"asset_id":424670,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":257812,"first_name":"Jaclyn","last_name":"Ocumpaugh","domain_name":"tc","page_name":"JaclynOcumpaugh","display_name":"Jaclyn L Ocumpaugh","profile_url":"https://tc.academia.edu/JaclynOcumpaugh?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/257812/8044512/9008986/s65_jaclyn.ocumpaugh.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":94,"name":"Discourse Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discourse_Analysis?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":248,"name":"Social 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u-mb0x js-work-card work_8491901" data-work_id="8491901" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8491901/Which_phonetics_is_phonological">Which phonetics is phonological?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8491901" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="861d925042237d6965165b87db97d405" rel="nofollow" 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class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A senior honors thesis for the Department of Spanish and Portuguese which explores historical linguistics, language change, optimality theory, synchrony, diachrony, and the mutual influence between Arabic and Hispano-Romance in the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_276099" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A senior honors thesis for the Department of Spanish and Portuguese which explores historical linguistics, language change, optimality theory, synchrony, diachrony, and the mutual influence between Arabic and Hispano-Romance in the formative period of well over a milennium and a half (79-1781). This is the original version, which is in Spanish.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/276099" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fab7d7dcbcdded922bc2eab884531ae8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":1231507,"asset_id":276099,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/1231507/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="223594" href="https://ucla.academia.edu/Lui%C3%82Lopez">Lui Lopez</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="223594" type="text/json">{"id":223594,"first_name":"Lui","last_name":"Lopez","domain_name":"ucla","page_name":"LuiÂLopez","display_name":"Lui Lopez","profile_url":"https://ucla.academia.edu/Lui%C3%82Lopez?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/223594/50259/72841999/s65_lui.lopez.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_276099 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="276099"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 276099, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_276099", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=276099]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_276099").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_276099").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="276099"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1174" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spanish_Studies">Spanish Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1174" type="text/json">{"id":1174,"name":"Spanish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spanish_Studies?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1207" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics">Historical Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1207" type="text/json">{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=276099]'), work: {"id":276099,"title":"La Batalla de Progreso: Ceceo contra Seseo","created_at":"2010-07-27T18:19:12.132-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/276099/La_Batalla_de_Progreso_Ceceo_contra_Seseo?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_276099","summary":"A senior honors thesis for the Department of Spanish and Portuguese which explores historical linguistics, language change, optimality theory, synchrony, diachrony, and the mutual influence between Arabic and Hispano-Romance in the formative period of well over a milennium and a half (79-1781). 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Building on the legacy of classical generative phonology and biolinguistics, it provides a theoretical framework that strictly differentiates... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42108755" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper outlines a program for the study of phonology as a branch of cognitive science. Building on the legacy of classical generative phonology and biolinguistics, it provides a theoretical framework that strictly differentiates phonological competence from aspects of articulation, acoustics and perception. We argue that phonological competence is to be characterized as a formal — that is, explicit, logically precise, and substance-free — manipulation of abstract symbols. We propose that a productive way to execute this program is to adopt a model called Logical Phonology, where phonological competence is described and explained by a system that maps between phonological data structures like strings via rules constructed from basic set-theoretic operations. We show the merits of this model by applying it to Turkish, Hungarian and English data. The remote and complex relationship between phonological competence and speech is elucidated by Cognitive Phonetics, which proposes that the outputs of phonology are transduced via two algorithms into temporally distributed neuromuscular activities. Taken together, Logical Phonology and Cognitive Phonetics aim to explain the nature of what is loosely referred to in the literature as ‘the externalization of language’ and to delineate its components.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42108755" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="102c81a01ac2f38a4d1eb450f9bd7cbd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65235633,"asset_id":42108755,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65235633/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2779000" href="https://ffzg.academia.edu/VenoVolenec">Veno Volenec</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2779000" type="text/json">{"id":2779000,"first_name":"Veno","last_name":"Volenec","domain_name":"ffzg","page_name":"VenoVolenec","display_name":"Veno Volenec","profile_url":"https://ffzg.academia.edu/VenoVolenec?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2779000/906594/84447784/s65_veno.volenec.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-42108755">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-42108755"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://concordia.academia.edu/CharlesReiss">Charles Reiss</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-42108755'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-42108755').html(); 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Building on the legacy of classical generative phonology and biolinguistics, it provides a theoretical framework that strictly differentiates phonological competence from aspects of articulation, acoustics and perception. We argue that phonological competence is to be characterized as a formal — that is, explicit, logically precise, and substance-free — manipulation of abstract symbols. We propose that a productive way to execute this program is to adopt a model called Logical Phonology, where phonological competence is described and explained by a system that maps between phonological data structures like strings via rules constructed from basic set-theoretic operations. We show the merits of this model by applying it to Turkish, Hungarian and English data. The remote and complex relationship between phonological competence and speech is elucidated by Cognitive Phonetics, which proposes that the outputs of phonology are transduced via two algorithms into temporally distributed neuromuscular activities. Taken together, Logical Phonology and Cognitive Phonetics aim to explain the nature of what is loosely referred to in the literature as ‘the externalization of language’ and to delineate its components.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65235633,"asset_id":42108755,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2779000,"first_name":"Veno","last_name":"Volenec","domain_name":"ffzg","page_name":"VenoVolenec","display_name":"Veno Volenec","profile_url":"https://ffzg.academia.edu/VenoVolenec?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2779000/906594/84447784/s65_veno.volenec.jpg"},{"id":23384980,"first_name":"Charles","last_name":"Reiss","domain_name":"concordia","page_name":"CharlesReiss","display_name":"Charles Reiss","profile_url":"https://concordia.academia.edu/CharlesReiss?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23384980/10589492/11819621/s65_charles.reiss.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":101,"name":"Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":13297,"name":"Cognitive Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617"},{"id":52353,"name":"Generative linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Generative_linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":85503,"name":"Formal Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Formal_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":93530,"name":"Universal grammar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Universal_grammar?f_ri=16617"},{"id":605952,"name":"Generative Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Generative_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":3216890,"name":"Cognitive Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Phonetics?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40113437 coauthored" data-work_id="40113437" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40113437/Fortis_lenis_or_voiced_voiceless_Features_of_Welsh_consonants">Fortis-lenis or voiced-voiceless - Features of Welsh consonants</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The aim of this paper is to challenge the often-claimed phonological voiced-voiceless distinction of Welsh consonants. This concept was recently doubted by Asmus/Grawunder, who revealed that final /b/ and /d/ are devoiced in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40113437" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The aim of this paper is to challenge the often-claimed phonological voiced-voiceless distinction of Welsh consonants. This concept was recently doubted by Asmus/Grawunder, who revealed that final /b/ and /d/ are devoiced in monosyllables, but still distinct from /p/ and /t/. Applying the fortis-lenis divide links Welsh phonetics better to Welsh grammar, which features a fully developed morpheme-initial consonant mutation system for morphological, syntactical and semantic marking. In order to confirm our hypothesis, this paper discusses two potential phonetic correlates of a phonological fortis-lenis distinction, i.e. articulatory timing via the holding phase and aspiration of initial and final stops in Welsh.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40113437" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fd7dd0b3e03bf21f30dac5cce1de4df5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60325826,"asset_id":40113437,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60325826/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4255307" href="https://uni-leipzig.academia.edu/SabineAsmus">Prof. Dr. habil. habil. Sabine Asmus</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4255307" type="text/json">{"id":4255307,"first_name":"Prof. Dr. habil. habil. Sabine","last_name":"Asmus","domain_name":"uni-leipzig","page_name":"SabineAsmus","display_name":"Prof. Dr. habil. habil. Sabine Asmus","profile_url":"https://uni-leipzig.academia.edu/SabineAsmus?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4255307/10235949/11424043/s65_dr_hab_hab_sabine.asmus_prof_us_uniwersytet_szczecinski_poland_.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-40113437">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-40113437"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://szczecin.academia.edu/MBaran">Michał Baran</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://szc.academia.edu/SylwesterJaworski">Sylwester Jaworski</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-40113437'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-40113437').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_40113437 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40113437"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40113437; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40113437]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40113437").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40113437").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40113437"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies">Celtic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1392" type="text/json">{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1396" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Welsh">Welsh</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1396" type="text/json">{"id":1396,"name":"Welsh","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Welsh?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40113437]'), work: {"id":40113437,"title":"Fortis-lenis or voiced-voiceless - Features of Welsh consonants","created_at":"2019-08-18T11:48:12.331-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40113437/Fortis_lenis_or_voiced_voiceless_Features_of_Welsh_consonants?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_40113437","summary":"The aim of this paper is to challenge the often-claimed phonological voiced-voiceless distinction of Welsh consonants. This concept was recently doubted by Asmus/Grawunder, who revealed that final /b/ and /d/ are devoiced in monosyllables, but still distinct from /p/ and /t/. Applying the fortis-lenis divide links Welsh phonetics better to Welsh grammar, which features a fully developed morpheme-initial consonant mutation system for morphological, syntactical and semantic marking. In order to confirm our hypothesis, this paper discusses two potential phonetic correlates of a phonological fortis-lenis distinction, i.e. articulatory timing via the holding phase and aspiration of initial and final stops in Welsh.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60325826,"asset_id":40113437,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4255307,"first_name":"Prof. Dr. habil. habil. Sabine","last_name":"Asmus","domain_name":"uni-leipzig","page_name":"SabineAsmus","display_name":"Prof. Dr. habil. habil. Sabine Asmus","profile_url":"https://uni-leipzig.academia.edu/SabineAsmus?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4255307/10235949/11424043/s65_dr_hab_hab_sabine.asmus_prof_us_uniwersytet_szczecinski_poland_.jpg"},{"id":47827157,"first_name":"Michał","last_name":"Baran","domain_name":"szczecin","page_name":"MBaran","display_name":"Michał Baran","profile_url":"https://szczecin.academia.edu/MBaran?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47827157/12616026/77279608/s65_micha_.baran.png"},{"id":196166,"first_name":"Sylwester","last_name":"Jaworski","domain_name":"szc","page_name":"SylwesterJaworski","display_name":"Sylwester Jaworski","profile_url":"https://szc.academia.edu/SylwesterJaworski?f_ri=16617","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1396,"name":"Welsh","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Welsh?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1398,"name":"Welsh linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Welsh_linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":6672,"name":"Celtic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":7709,"name":"Applied Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":14574,"name":"Cymraeg - the Welsh language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cymraeg_-_the_Welsh_language?f_ri=16617"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617"},{"id":32841,"name":"Language Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Typology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":38910,"name":"Linguistic Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Typology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41972933" data-work_id="41972933" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/41972933/Advances_of_Neural_Networks_in_2020_International_Journal_on_Natural_Language_Computing_IJNLC_">Advances of Neural Networks in 2020 - International Journal on Natural Language Computing(IJNLC)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Natural Language Processing is a programmed approach to analyze text that is based on both a set of theories and a set of technologies. This forum aims to bring together researchers who have designed and build software that will analyze,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41972933" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Natural Language Processing is a programmed approach to analyze text that is based on both a set of theories and a set of technologies. This forum aims to bring together researchers who have designed and build software that will analyze, understand, and generate languages that humans use naturally to address computers.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41972933" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9c5799b78ddc55f41d34fb4e1e67599f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62097487,"asset_id":41972933,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62097487/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16047958" rel="nofollow" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NaturalLanguageProcessing">International Journal on Natural Language Computing (IJNLC)</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16047958" type="text/json">{"id":16047958,"first_name":"International Journal on Natural Language Computing","last_name":"(IJNLC)","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NaturalLanguageProcessing","display_name":"International Journal on Natural Language Computing (IJNLC)","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NaturalLanguageProcessing?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16047958/4353676/143253724/s65_international_journal_on_natural_language_computing._ijnlc_.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41972933 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41972933"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41972933, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41972933", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41972933]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41972933").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41972933").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41972933"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1207" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics">Historical Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1207" type="text/json">{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1432" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Natural_Language_Processing">Natural Language Processing</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1432" type="text/json">{"id":1432,"name":"Natural Language Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Natural_Language_Processing?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41972933]'), work: {"id":41972933,"title":"Advances of Neural Networks in 2020 - International Journal on Natural Language Computing(IJNLC)","created_at":"2020-02-14T03:14:46.471-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41972933/Advances_of_Neural_Networks_in_2020_International_Journal_on_Natural_Language_Computing_IJNLC_?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_41972933","summary":"Natural Language Processing is a programmed approach to analyze text that is based on both a set of theories and a set of technologies. This forum aims to bring together researchers who have designed and build software that will analyze, understand, and generate languages that humans use naturally to address computers.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62097487,"asset_id":41972933,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16047958,"first_name":"International Journal on Natural Language Computing","last_name":"(IJNLC)","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NaturalLanguageProcessing","display_name":"International Journal on Natural Language Computing (IJNLC)","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NaturalLanguageProcessing?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16047958/4353676/143253724/s65_international_journal_on_natural_language_computing._ijnlc_.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1432,"name":"Natural Language Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Natural_Language_Processing?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":7709,"name":"Applied Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":13297,"name":"Cognitive Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617"},{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":41980,"name":"Lingüística","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":220007,"name":"Arabic Natural Language Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Natural_Language_Processing?f_ri=16617"},{"id":537605,"name":"Natural Language Processing(NLP)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Natural_Language_Processing_NLP_?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35306871" data-work_id="35306871" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35306871/Review_of_Matthew_Gordons_Phonological_Typology_OUP_2016_">Review of Matthew Gordon's Phonological Typology (OUP, 2016)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In “Where’s phonology in typology?” Larry Hyman (2007) observed that phonology, a discipline with an abiding interest in typology and much to offer it, had only a slender profile in publications representing the discipline of typology... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35306871" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In “Where’s phonology in typology?” Larry Hyman (2007) observed that phonology, a discipline with an abiding interest in typology and much to offer it, had only a slender profile in publications representing the discipline of typology itself. In the ensuing years, not much changed (Hyman 2017). The Oxford handbook of linguistic typology (Song 2010), for example, grants phonology a single chapter out of thirty, and likewise the The Cambridge handbook of linguistic typology (Aikhenvald and Dixon 2017). The result has been a deficit of extended, synthesizing work. However, with Matthew K. Gordon’s Phonological typology, published in the new series Oxford Surveys in Phonology and Phonetics, the landscape changes. Here we have a serious overview of the field with enough room for richly informative data to join critically with multiple theoretical viewpoints, supplemented with key references and tidy summaries. Moreover, Gordon delivers on Hyman’s (2007) promise that phonology can offer particular insights for the theory of typology in general, especially around the role of levels of analysis, a topic which I take up in the discussion below. Consequently, this is a book which should be read not only by all phonologists, but by theoretically minded typologists of all subfields.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35306871" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5d9dc24533fe2aa29afd633419c5b872" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55167335,"asset_id":35306871,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55167335/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="57518" href="https://surrey.academia.edu/ErichRound">Erich R Round</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="57518" type="text/json">{"id":57518,"first_name":"Erich","last_name":"Round","domain_name":"surrey","page_name":"ErichRound","display_name":"Erich R Round","profile_url":"https://surrey.academia.edu/ErichRound?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/57518/16907/22241834/s65_erich.round.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35306871 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35306871"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35306871, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35306871", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35306871]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35306871").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35306871").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35306871"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2077" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody">Speech Prosody</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2077" type="text/json">{"id":2077,"name":"Speech Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28609" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Theory">Phonological Theory</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28609" type="text/json">{"id":28609,"name":"Phonological Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Theory?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35306871]'), work: {"id":35306871,"title":"Review of Matthew Gordon's Phonological Typology (OUP, 2016)","created_at":"2017-12-01T00:04:46.581-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35306871/Review_of_Matthew_Gordons_Phonological_Typology_OUP_2016_?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_35306871","summary":"In “Where’s phonology in typology?” Larry Hyman (2007) observed that phonology, a discipline with an abiding interest in typology and much to offer it, had only a slender profile in publications representing the discipline of typology itself. In the ensuing years, not much changed (Hyman 2017). The Oxford handbook of linguistic typology (Song 2010), for example, grants phonology a single chapter out of thirty, and likewise the The Cambridge handbook of linguistic typology (Aikhenvald and Dixon 2017). The result has been a deficit of extended, synthesizing work. However, with Matthew K. Gordon’s Phonological typology, published in the new series Oxford Surveys in Phonology and Phonetics, the landscape changes. Here we have a serious overview of the field with enough room for richly informative data to join critically with multiple theoretical viewpoints, supplemented with key references and tidy summaries. Moreover, Gordon delivers on Hyman’s (2007) promise that phonology can offer particular insights for the theory of typology in general, especially around the role of levels of analysis, a topic which I take up in the discussion below. Consequently, this is a book which should be read not only by all phonologists, but by theoretically minded typologists of all subfields.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55167335,"asset_id":35306871,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":57518,"first_name":"Erich","last_name":"Round","domain_name":"surrey","page_name":"ErichRound","display_name":"Erich R Round","profile_url":"https://surrey.academia.edu/ErichRound?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/57518/16907/22241834/s65_erich.round.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":2077,"name":"Speech Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":28609,"name":"Phonological Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Theory?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":32841,"name":"Language Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Typology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":38910,"name":"Linguistic Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Typology?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35688617" data-work_id="35688617" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35688617/Scandinavian_umlaut_and_contrastive_feature_hierarchies_NOWELE_70_2_authors_full_text_post_print_">Scandinavian umlaut and contrastive feature hierarchies (NOWELE 70:2 author's full-text post-print)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">With the application of the Contrastive Hierarchy Theory, the contrastive features of preliterary Scandinavian vowels are here inferred from the interaction between targets and triggers for metaphonic fronting, rounding and breaking. One... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35688617" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">With the application of the Contrastive Hierarchy Theory, the contrastive features of preliterary Scandinavian vowels are here inferred from the interaction between targets and triggers for metaphonic fronting, rounding and breaking. One Proto-Scandinavian feature hierarchy is reconstructed for prominent syllables and another for non-prominent ones. The former hierarchy sustained contrasts that differed from the latter, including contrast for rounding and a preserved distinction between Pre-Germanic */i/ and */e/. A prominence system is reconstructed that predicts both the outcome of syncope and the distribution of the two vowel systems between syllables. The analysis neatly accounts for many notorious cruxes of umlaut and breaking that correlate with the prosodic position of the trigger, including the frequent absence of i-umlaut in light syllables.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35688617" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="24559195a73fbb5eb9a8b5c2e44b8418" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57248889,"asset_id":35688617,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57248889/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15780913" href="https://independentscholar.academia.edu/JohanSchalin">Johan Schalin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15780913" type="text/json">{"id":15780913,"first_name":"Johan","last_name":"Schalin","domain_name":"independentscholar","page_name":"JohanSchalin","display_name":"Johan Schalin","profile_url":"https://independentscholar.academia.edu/JohanSchalin?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15780913/17583953/35578981/s65_johan.schalin.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35688617 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35688617"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35688617, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35688617", }); 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One Proto-Scandinavian feature hierarchy is reconstructed for prominent syllables and another for non-prominent ones. The former hierarchy sustained contrasts that differed from the latter, including contrast for rounding and a preserved distinction between Pre-Germanic */i/ and */e/. A prominence system is reconstructed that predicts both the outcome of syncope and the distribution of the two vowel systems between syllables. The analysis neatly accounts for many notorious cruxes of umlaut and breaking that correlate with the prosodic position of the trigger, including the frequent absence of i-umlaut in light syllables.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57248889,"asset_id":35688617,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15780913,"first_name":"Johan","last_name":"Schalin","domain_name":"independentscholar","page_name":"JohanSchalin","display_name":"Johan Schalin","profile_url":"https://independentscholar.academia.edu/JohanSchalin?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15780913/17583953/35578981/s65_johan.schalin.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":778,"name":"Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diachronic_Linguistics_Or_Historical_Linguistics_?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1207,"name":"Historical 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u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17746401" data-work_id="17746401" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17746401/Phonetic_versus_phonological_rules">Phonetic versus phonological rules</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">The paper discusses cases of ordering paradox in lexical phonology, and attempts an explanation in terms of the Polarity Principle, which allows interfacing modules to assimilate properties from each other.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17746401" data-share-source="work_strip" 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Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17746401]'), work: {"id":17746401,"title":"Phonetic versus phonological rules","created_at":"2015-11-04T09:18:15.656-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17746401/Phonetic_versus_phonological_rules?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_17746401","summary":"The paper discusses cases of ordering paradox in lexical phonology, and attempts an explanation in terms of the Polarity Principle, which allows interfacing modules to assimilate properties from each other. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39687209,"asset_id":17746401,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":156034,"first_name":"Pramod","last_name":"Pandey","domain_name":"jnu","page_name":"PramodPandey","display_name":"Pramod Pandey","profile_url":"https://jnu.academia.edu/PramodPandey?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/156034/6816911/18704358/s65_pramod.pandey.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5572063" data-work_id="5572063" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5572063/On_the_Phonetics_and_Phonology_of_Stangs_and_Szemere_nyis_Laws">On the Phonetics and Phonology of Stang's and Szemerényi's Laws</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5572063" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="46eb243c0f14e740f89d515159933187" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32660217,"asset_id":5572063,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32660217/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="184833" href="https://lmu-munich.academia.edu/RyanSandell">Ryan Sandell</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="184833" type="text/json">{"id":184833,"first_name":"Ryan","last_name":"Sandell","domain_name":"lmu-munich","page_name":"RyanSandell","display_name":"Ryan Sandell","profile_url":"https://lmu-munich.academia.edu/RyanSandell?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/184833/89532/17195302/s65_ryan.sandell.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5572063 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5572063"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5572063, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5572063", }); 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This forum aims to bring together researchers who have designed and build software that will analyze,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41199631" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Natural Language Processing is a programmed approach to analyze text that is based on both a set of theories and a set of technologies. 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41199631]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41199631").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41199631").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41199631"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5639" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Text_Mining">Text Mining</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5639" type="text/json">{"id":5639,"name":"Text Mining","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Text_Mining?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Linguistics">Applied Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7709" type="text/json">{"id":7709,"name":"Applied Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41199631]'), work: {"id":41199631,"title":"TOP 5 MOST VIEWED ARTICLES FOR A YEAR 2019 - International Journal on Natural Language Computing (IJNLC)","created_at":"2019-12-06T01:21:24.742-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41199631/TOP_5_MOST_VIEWED_ARTICLES_FOR_A_YEAR_2019_International_Journal_on_Natural_Language_Computing_IJNLC_?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_41199631","summary":"Natural Language Processing is a programmed approach to analyze text that is based on both a set of theories and a set of technologies. This forum aims to bring together researchers who have designed and build software that will analyze, understand, and generate languages that humans use naturally to address computers.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61439455,"asset_id":41199631,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16047958,"first_name":"International Journal on Natural Language Computing","last_name":"(IJNLC)","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NaturalLanguageProcessing","display_name":"International Journal on Natural Language Computing (IJNLC)","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NaturalLanguageProcessing?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16047958/4353676/143253724/s65_international_journal_on_natural_language_computing._ijnlc_.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":5639,"name":"Text Mining","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Text_Mining?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":7709,"name":"Applied Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":10866,"name":"Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":11128,"name":"Information Extraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Extraction?f_ri=16617"},{"id":11984,"name":"Speech Recognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Recognition?f_ri=16617"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617"},{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":31963,"name":"Morphology (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=16617"},{"id":34875,"name":"Morphology and Syntax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology_and_Syntax?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35468378" data-work_id="35468378" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35468378/Scandinavian_Front_Umlaut_Revisited_and_Revised_ANF_132_publishers_offprint_">Scandinavian Front Umlaut Revisited and Revised (ANF 132, publisher's offprint)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">To date, no analysis has adequately accounted for the attested distribution of front umlaut in Old Scandinavian. In this study attention is paid to unexpected outcomes that defy the generally accepted rules. In particular, the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35468378" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">To date, no analysis has adequately accounted for the attested distribution of front umlaut in Old Scandinavian. In this study attention is paid to unexpected outcomes that defy the generally accepted rules. In particular, the complications posed by ir-umlaut are refined into an acid test against which existing hypotheses fail. A genuinely novel proposal is developed, based on the assumption that in prominent syllables contrast well into the umlaut period was upheld between descendants of Pre-Germanic (PreGmc) */e/ and */i/ respectively, even upon the Pre-Scandinavian raising of *e. Upon such raising the descendants of PreGmc */e/ had in all oral contexts evolved into a markedly fronted coronal vowel, whereas in prominent syllables descendants of PreGmc */i/ had by default, with few exceptions, in a chain shift evolved into a non-umlauting dorsal vowel. Given the assumption that a light second syllable within a main stressed bisyllabic foot was prominent, <br />the two vowels, active and inert as triggers for front umlaut respectively, <br />could both have occurred in this position.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35468378" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e614ea065fe8d2f9e948251b413219c8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55330751,"asset_id":35468378,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55330751/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15780913" href="https://independentscholar.academia.edu/JohanSchalin">Johan Schalin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15780913" type="text/json">{"id":15780913,"first_name":"Johan","last_name":"Schalin","domain_name":"independentscholar","page_name":"JohanSchalin","display_name":"Johan Schalin","profile_url":"https://independentscholar.academia.edu/JohanSchalin?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15780913/17583953/35578981/s65_johan.schalin.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35468378 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35468378"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35468378, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35468378", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35468378 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35468378; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35468378"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35468378 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35468378"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35468378; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35468378]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35468378").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35468378").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35468378"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">48</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="778" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diachronic_Linguistics_Or_Historical_Linguistics_">Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="778" type="text/json">{"id":778,"name":"Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diachronic_Linguistics_Or_Historical_Linguistics_?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1207" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics">Historical Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1207" type="text/json">{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3176" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Germanic_linguistics">Germanic linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3176" type="text/json">{"id":3176,"name":"Germanic linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Germanic_linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11908" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Language">Old Norse Language</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11908" type="text/json">{"id":11908,"name":"Old Norse Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Language?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35468378]'), work: {"id":35468378,"title":"Scandinavian Front Umlaut Revisited and Revised (ANF 132, publisher's offprint)","created_at":"2017-12-19T07:36:15.218-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35468378/Scandinavian_Front_Umlaut_Revisited_and_Revised_ANF_132_publishers_offprint_?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_35468378","summary":"To date, no analysis has adequately accounted for the attested distribution of front umlaut in Old Scandinavian. In this study attention is paid to unexpected outcomes that defy the generally accepted rules. In particular, the complications posed by ir-umlaut are refined into an acid test against which existing hypotheses fail. A genuinely novel proposal is developed, based on the assumption that in prominent syllables contrast well into the umlaut period was upheld between descendants of Pre-Germanic (PreGmc) */e/ and */i/ respectively, even upon the Pre-Scandinavian raising of *e. Upon such raising the descendants of PreGmc */e/ had in all oral contexts evolved into a markedly fronted coronal vowel, whereas in prominent syllables descendants of PreGmc */i/ had by default, with few exceptions, in a chain shift evolved into a non-umlauting dorsal vowel. Given the assumption that a light second syllable within a main stressed bisyllabic foot was prominent,\r\nthe two vowels, active and inert as triggers for front umlaut respectively,\r\ncould both have occurred in this position. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55330751,"asset_id":35468378,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15780913,"first_name":"Johan","last_name":"Schalin","domain_name":"independentscholar","page_name":"JohanSchalin","display_name":"Johan Schalin","profile_url":"https://independentscholar.academia.edu/JohanSchalin?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15780913/17583953/35578981/s65_johan.schalin.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":778,"name":"Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diachronic_Linguistics_Or_Historical_Linguistics_?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":3176,"name":"Germanic linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Germanic_linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":11908,"name":"Old Norse Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Language?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":15106,"name":"Scandinavian languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scandinavian_languages?f_ri=16617"},{"id":15534,"name":"Old Germanic Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Germanic_Languages?f_ri=16617"},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617"},{"id":23972,"name":"Vowel harmony","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vowel_harmony?f_ri=16617"},{"id":25978,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology interface (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_interface_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=16617"},{"id":25979,"name":"Phonology-Morphology interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology-Morphology_interface?f_ri=16617"},{"id":35634,"name":"Old Norse","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse?f_ri=16617"},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=16617"},{"id":41144,"name":"Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosody?f_ri=16617"},{"id":59826,"name":"Lexicalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lexicalization?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":86215,"name":"Diachronic Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diachronic_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":130881,"name":"Historical-Comparative Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical-Comparative_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":137770,"name":"Ancient germanic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_germanic_languages?f_ri=16617"},{"id":145879,"name":"Proto-Germanic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proto-Germanic?f_ri=16617"},{"id":157787,"name":"Diachronic linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diachronic_linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":162951,"name":"I-Umlaut","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/I-Umlaut?f_ri=16617"},{"id":184999,"name":"Metrics and Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metrics_and_Prosody?f_ri=16617"},{"id":241873,"name":"Prosodic phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosodic_phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":260396,"name":"Vendel Era Norse","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vendel_Era_Norse?f_ri=16617"},{"id":324308,"name":"Historical Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":383381,"name":"Distinctive 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Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Scandinavian_Languages?f_ri=16617"},{"id":923636,"name":"Elfdalian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elfdalian?f_ri=16617"},{"id":1360746,"name":"Protonordic, Scandinavian languages, Germanic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protonordic_Scandinavian_languages_Germanic?f_ri=16617"},{"id":1568005,"name":"Old Danish","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Danish?f_ri=16617"},{"id":1568006,"name":"Old Norwegian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norwegian?f_ri=16617"},{"id":1568018,"name":"Old East Norse","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_East_Norse?f_ri=16617"},{"id":1657309,"name":"History of the Icelandic Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Icelandic_Language?f_ri=16617"},{"id":1771821,"name":"North Germanic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/North_Germanic?f_ri=16617"},{"id":1948248,"name":"Övdalian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%C3%96vdalian?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30606418" data-work_id="30606418" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30606418/What_Danish_and_Estonian_can_show_to_a_modern_word_prosodic_typology">What Danish and Estonian can show to a modern word-prosodic typology</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The typology of word prosody is still a subject of debate. Tone and stress remain the central units of classification; however, there is not an established consensus about their definitions. In this chapter, I focus on two specific... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30606418" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The typology of word prosody is still a subject of debate. Tone and stress remain the central units of classification; however, there is not an established consensus about their definitions. In this chapter, I focus on two specific word-prosodic units with a non-pitch based primary phonetic exponent: prosodic quantity in Standard Estonian and prosodic laryngealization in Copenhagen Danish. I summarize their main phonetic and functional features with special attention placed on their relation to pitch and stress in the respective languages. I also compare these prosodic units with functionally similar cases of pitch-based word prosody in other languages and put them in the framework of mainstream word-prosodic typology. Both cases are challenging for the typology, as they are full-fledged phonological word-prosodic units, but do not qualify either as tone or as stress. In the end, I discuss a possible input from such cases into the debate on distinction between the notions of tone, stress, and accent.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30606418" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bef30cac1431d93fd885e3fd05c959fe" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54992030,"asset_id":30606418,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54992030/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8096490" href="https://unicatt.academia.edu/NataliaKuznetsova">Natalia Kuznetsova</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8096490" type="text/json">{"id":8096490,"first_name":"Natalia","last_name":"Kuznetsova","domain_name":"unicatt","page_name":"NataliaKuznetsova","display_name":"Natalia Kuznetsova","profile_url":"https://unicatt.academia.edu/NataliaKuznetsova?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8096490/2808225/76444170/s65_natalia.kuznetsova.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30606418 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30606418"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30606418, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30606418", }); 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Tone and stress remain the central units of classification; however, there is not an established consensus about their definitions. In this chapter, I focus on two specific word-prosodic units with a non-pitch based primary phonetic exponent: prosodic quantity in Standard Estonian and prosodic laryngealization in Copenhagen Danish. I summarize their main phonetic and functional features with special attention placed on their relation to pitch and stress in the respective languages. I also compare these prosodic units with functionally similar cases of pitch-based word prosody in other languages and put them in the framework of mainstream word-prosodic typology. Both cases are challenging for the typology, as they are full-fledged phonological word-prosodic units, but do not qualify either as tone or as stress. In the end, I discuss a possible input from such cases into the debate on distinction between the notions of tone, stress, and accent.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54992030,"asset_id":30606418,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8096490,"first_name":"Natalia","last_name":"Kuznetsova","domain_name":"unicatt","page_name":"NataliaKuznetsova","display_name":"Natalia Kuznetsova","profile_url":"https://unicatt.academia.edu/NataliaKuznetsova?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8096490/2808225/76444170/s65_natalia.kuznetsova.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":2077,"name":"Speech Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":2742,"name":"Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Typology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":3176,"name":"Germanic linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Germanic_linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617"},{"id":17425,"name":"Germanic Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Germanic_Philology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":20191,"name":"Estonian Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Estonian_Language?f_ri=16617"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":28609,"name":"Phonological Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Theory?f_ri=16617"},{"id":31937,"name":"Finno-Ugric languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finno-Ugric_languages?f_ri=16617"},{"id":32841,"name":"Language Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Typology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":38910,"name":"Linguistic Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Typology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":41144,"name":"Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosody?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":241873,"name":"Prosodic phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosodic_phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":332170,"name":"Danish Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Danish_Language?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6925993" data-work_id="6925993" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6925993/The_Phonology_and_Phonetics_of_Prosodic_Prominence_in_Persian">The Phonology and Phonetics of Prosodic Prominence in Persian</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">"This dissertation explores the phonological representation and the phonetic realization of prosodic prominence in Persian. It comprises two related parts: the first part addresses prosodic phrasing in Persian sentences, while the second... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6925993" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">"This dissertation explores the phonological representation and the phonetic realization of prosodic prominence in Persian. It comprises two related parts: the first part addresses prosodic phrasing in Persian sentences, while the second part deals with phonetic correlates of prosodic prominence by reporting conducted production and perception experiments. The phonological part is carried out within the framework of Prosodic Phonology, and aims at determining the prosodic structure of Persian from foot level, up to utterance level. By adopting Optimality Theory, it tries to explain how morphosyntax-phonology interface constraints together with prosodic markedness constraints form the prosodic structure of the language. It begins with foot level and suggests that in languages like Persian which have one non-iterative weight-insensitive edgemost stress per word, a single foot which is edge-aligned with the minimal Phonological Word best explains the prosodic pattern at word level. This part also focuses on prosodic differences between lexical words and weak function words (clitics) and shows that any attempt to describe the prosodic structure of Persian without addressing this crucial difference, will not be able to provide explanation for a wide range of phenomena. This study suggests that proclitics and enclitics behave asymmetrically in Persian: enclitics prosodize as affixal clitics, while proclitics are free clitics. Next, it addresses the problem of weak function words which are not a part of their preceding or following XPs, and demonstrates how the phonological well-formedness constraints determine the direction of cliticization in these XP-external function words. It also deals with the issue of clitic clusters in Persian which was not explored in the previous works. Another contribution of this study is reclassification of so-called exceptionally initial-stressed words. <br />This dissertation also deals with the longstanding problem of Ezafe constructions and by reviewing previous proposals on the prosodic structure of these constructions, based on phonological evidence and phonetic observations suggests that each lexical word in an Ezafe construction maps onto a Phonological Phrase, and the Ezafe morpheme phrases with its preceding material to satisfy the phonological well-formedness constraint ONSET. The prosodic structure of XP-external clitics such as the Ezafe morpheme is explained by adopting a syntax-prosody interface constraint namely MAP-XP, that bans two sister XPs inside a single Phonological Phrase. This study proposes a ranking of OT constraints by which the prosodic structure of Ezafe constructions and other syntactic phrases such as DPs and VPs can be predicted and explained uniformly. It also proposes that the interaction between morphosyntax-phonology interface constraints and prosodic markedness constraints determine prosodic constituents of all levels and their heads, and other constraints require the heads of phonological phrases to be associated with audible accents. The rightmost Phonological Phrase in an Intonational Phrase is the head. This head associates with an accent which is perceived more prominently than the other accents. One further issue explored here is the fact that in lexicalized Ezafe constructions and also in the ones containing given/old information, some words may appear without audible accent. <br />The phonetic difference between final and non-final accents is the subject of the second half of this dissertation. Previous research on Persian has shown that the main acoustic correlate of prosodic prominence is f0. This study reports production and perception experiment results conducted in order to answer the question whether final (nuclear) accents are perceived more prominently than the other ones only because they are not followed by any other accent, or because they are phonetically different from the non-final (pre-nuclear) accents. The results of production experiments reveal that nuclear accented syllables have a lower f0 range, but a longer duration in comparison with pre-nuclear accented ones. Other parameters such as overall intensity, spectral tilt and vowel quality do not differ significantly in the two types of accents. Perception experiments reveal that native listeners can indeed distinguish the two types of accents without having access to the portion of the utterance that follows the final accent. This proves that the two types of accents are phonetically different. Perception tests also show that the difference between the shapes of f0 curves in the two types of accents is the main acoustic parameter that helps the listeners distinguish them from each other. In pre-nuclear accented words, the f0 peak is at the right edge of the metrically strong syllable, and the curve has a rising slope at this point. In these syllables, the peak may even occur on the initial syllable of the following word. However, in the syllables associated with nuclear accents, the f0 peak is located inside the syllable, and the curve has a falling slope at the right edge of the syllable. <br />If the f0 at the right edge of a nuclear accented syllable is manipulated and raised so that the f0 peak is moved to the right edge, the native listeners will perceive the word containing this syllable as a pre-nuclear accented word. This study also shows that duration alone cannot cue the difference between the two types of accents. However, when accompanied by f0 changes, it can help the listeners distinguish the two accents more easily and more efficiently. <br />Downloadable at: <a href="http://roa.rutgers.edu/content/article/files/1314_hosseini_1.pdf" rel="nofollow">http://roa.rutgers.edu/content/article/files/1314_hosseini_1.pdf</a> <br />"</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6925993" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bce05cf46f27c1e3bc18ca512de690a3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33600679,"asset_id":6925993,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33600679/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4589598" href="https://tehran.academia.edu/AyatHosseini">Ayat Hosseini</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4589598" type="text/json">{"id":4589598,"first_name":"Ayat","last_name":"Hosseini","domain_name":"tehran","page_name":"AyatHosseini","display_name":"Ayat Hosseini","profile_url":"https://tehran.academia.edu/AyatHosseini?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4589598/1911173/27278238/s65_ayat.hosseini.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6925993 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6925993"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6925993, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6925993", }); 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It comprises two related parts: the first part addresses prosodic phrasing in Persian sentences, while the second part deals with phonetic correlates of prosodic prominence by reporting conducted production and perception experiments. The phonological part is carried out within the framework of Prosodic Phonology, and aims at determining the prosodic structure of Persian from foot level, up to utterance level. By adopting Optimality Theory, it tries to explain how morphosyntax-phonology interface constraints together with prosodic markedness constraints form the prosodic structure of the language. It begins with foot level and suggests that in languages like Persian which have one non-iterative weight-insensitive edgemost stress per word, a single foot which is edge-aligned with the minimal Phonological Word best explains the prosodic pattern at word level. This part also focuses on prosodic differences between lexical words and weak function words (clitics) and shows that any attempt to describe the prosodic structure of Persian without addressing this crucial difference, will not be able to provide explanation for a wide range of phenomena. This study suggests that proclitics and enclitics behave asymmetrically in Persian: enclitics prosodize as affixal clitics, while proclitics are free clitics. Next, it addresses the problem of weak function words which are not a part of their preceding or following XPs, and demonstrates how the phonological well-formedness constraints determine the direction of cliticization in these XP-external function words. It also deals with the issue of clitic clusters in Persian which was not explored in the previous works. Another contribution of this study is reclassification of so-called exceptionally initial-stressed words.\r\nThis dissertation also deals with the longstanding problem of Ezafe constructions and by reviewing previous proposals on the prosodic structure of these constructions, based on phonological evidence and phonetic observations suggests that each lexical word in an Ezafe construction maps onto a Phonological Phrase, and the Ezafe morpheme phrases with its preceding material to satisfy the phonological well-formedness constraint ONSET. The prosodic structure of XP-external clitics such as the Ezafe morpheme is explained by adopting a syntax-prosody interface constraint namely MAP-XP, that bans two sister XPs inside a single Phonological Phrase. This study proposes a ranking of OT constraints by which the prosodic structure of Ezafe constructions and other syntactic phrases such as DPs and VPs can be predicted and explained uniformly. It also proposes that the interaction between morphosyntax-phonology interface constraints and prosodic markedness constraints determine prosodic constituents of all levels and their heads, and other constraints require the heads of phonological phrases to be associated with audible accents. The rightmost Phonological Phrase in an Intonational Phrase is the head. This head associates with an accent which is perceived more prominently than the other accents. One further issue explored here is the fact that in lexicalized Ezafe constructions and also in the ones containing given/old information, some words may appear without audible accent. \r\nThe phonetic difference between final and non-final accents is the subject of the second half of this dissertation. Previous research on Persian has shown that the main acoustic correlate of prosodic prominence is f0. This study reports production and perception experiment results conducted in order to answer the question whether final (nuclear) accents are perceived more prominently than the other ones only because they are not followed by any other accent, or because they are phonetically different from the non-final (pre-nuclear) accents. The results of production experiments reveal that nuclear accented syllables have a lower f0 range, but a longer duration in comparison with pre-nuclear accented ones. Other parameters such as overall intensity, spectral tilt and vowel quality do not differ significantly in the two types of accents. Perception experiments reveal that native listeners can indeed distinguish the two types of accents without having access to the portion of the utterance that follows the final accent. This proves that the two types of accents are phonetically different. Perception tests also show that the difference between the shapes of f0 curves in the two types of accents is the main acoustic parameter that helps the listeners distinguish them from each other. In pre-nuclear accented words, the f0 peak is at the right edge of the metrically strong syllable, and the curve has a rising slope at this point. In these syllables, the peak may even occur on the initial syllable of the following word. However, in the syllables associated with nuclear accents, the f0 peak is located inside the syllable, and the curve has a falling slope at the right edge of the syllable.\r\nIf the f0 at the right edge of a nuclear accented syllable is manipulated and raised so that the f0 peak is moved to the right edge, the native listeners will perceive the word containing this syllable as a pre-nuclear accented word. This study also shows that duration alone cannot cue the difference between the two types of accents. However, when accompanied by f0 changes, it can help the listeners distinguish the two accents more easily and more efficiently.\r\nDownloadable at: http://roa.rutgers.edu/content/article/files/1314_hosseini_1.pdf\r\n\"","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33600679,"asset_id":6925993,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4589598,"first_name":"Ayat","last_name":"Hosseini","domain_name":"tehran","page_name":"AyatHosseini","display_name":"Ayat Hosseini","profile_url":"https://tehran.academia.edu/AyatHosseini?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4589598/1911173/27278238/s65_ayat.hosseini.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":2077,"name":"Speech 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u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_342778" data-work_id="342778" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/342778/The_perception_of_Cypriot_Greek_Super_Geminates">The perception of Cypriot Greek 'Super-Geminates'</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In Cypriot Greek, word-final /n/ assimilates to word-initial fricative and sonorant geminates producing ‘super-geminates’. This study examines whether these super-geminates are perceptually distinct from other types of word-initial and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_342778" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In Cypriot Greek, word-final /n/ assimilates to word-initial fricative and sonorant geminates producing ‘super-geminates’. This study examines whether these super-geminates are perceptually distinct from other types of word-initial and post-lexical geminates. The results of the study indicate that super-geminates were not readily identified by the subjects, while the contrast between word-initial geminates and singletons was more marked.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/342778" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="56dee891044ff72d1012f5d847764218" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":1753913,"asset_id":342778,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/1753913/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="131858" href="https://ucy.academia.edu/SpyrosArmostis">Spyros Armostis</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="131858" type="text/json">{"id":131858,"first_name":"Spyros","last_name":"Armostis","domain_name":"ucy","page_name":"SpyrosArmostis","display_name":"Spyros Armostis","profile_url":"https://ucy.academia.edu/SpyrosArmostis?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/131858/35136/17886626/s65_spyros.armostis.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_342778 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="342778"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 342778, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_342778", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=342778]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_342778").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_342778").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="342778"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Linguistics">Experimental Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6331" type="text/json">{"id":6331,"name":"Experimental Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24936" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cypriot_Greek">Cypriot Greek</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="24936" type="text/json">{"id":24936,"name":"Cypriot Greek","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cypriot_Greek?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=342778]'), work: {"id":342778,"title":"The perception of Cypriot Greek 'Super-Geminates'","created_at":"2010-09-29T00:23:34.999-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/342778/The_perception_of_Cypriot_Greek_Super_Geminates?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_342778","summary":"In Cypriot Greek, word-final /n/ assimilates to word-initial fricative and sonorant geminates producing ‘super-geminates’. This study examines whether these super-geminates are perceptually distinct from other types of word-initial and post-lexical geminates. The results of the study indicate that super-geminates were not readily identified by the subjects, while the contrast between word-initial geminates and singletons was more marked.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":1753913,"asset_id":342778,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":131858,"first_name":"Spyros","last_name":"Armostis","domain_name":"ucy","page_name":"SpyrosArmostis","display_name":"Spyros Armostis","profile_url":"https://ucy.academia.edu/SpyrosArmostis?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/131858/35136/17886626/s65_spyros.armostis.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":6331,"name":"Experimental Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":24936,"name":"Cypriot Greek","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cypriot_Greek?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":24937,"name":"Perceptual Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perceptual_Phonetics?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37668558" data-work_id="37668558" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37668558/Estonian_word_prosody_on_the_Procrustean_bed_of_morae">Estonian word prosody on the Procrustean bed of morae</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The paper analyses existing moraic conceptions of Estonian quantity. Main features of functional, generative and phonetically-instructed moraic accounts of Estonian are considered. In most generative accounts, morae simultaneously... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37668558" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The paper analyses existing moraic conceptions of Estonian quantity. Main features of functional, generative and phonetically-instructed moraic accounts of Estonian are considered. In most generative accounts, morae simultaneously represent several layers of functionally and structurally diverse information. This brings along a considerable increase in formal analytical machinery and internal controversies. In a structural functional framework, morae can be used to formalise the prosodic contrast of long and short stressed syllables in Estonian. Its relevance is traced in actual functioning of the prosodic system. This contrast is built upon the segmental contrast of short and long phonemes and, in turn, serves as a basis for a contrast of two distinctive foot accents, light and heavy. As an example, a formal morphonological algorithm of calculating Estonian foot accents, which also shows the place of a syllable weight contrast, is proposed in the paper.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37668558" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cb113bae5e3d82f2f902894b4b04fda6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57985919,"asset_id":37668558,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57985919/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8096490" href="https://unicatt.academia.edu/NataliaKuznetsova">Natalia Kuznetsova</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8096490" type="text/json">{"id":8096490,"first_name":"Natalia","last_name":"Kuznetsova","domain_name":"unicatt","page_name":"NataliaKuznetsova","display_name":"Natalia Kuznetsova","profile_url":"https://unicatt.academia.edu/NataliaKuznetsova?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8096490/2808225/76444170/s65_natalia.kuznetsova.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37668558 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37668558"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37668558, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37668558", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37668558 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37668558; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37668558"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37668558 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37668558"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37668558; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37668558]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37668558").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37668558").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37668558"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2077" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody">Speech Prosody</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2077" type="text/json">{"id":2077,"name":"Speech Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6297" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosody_And_Poetics">Prosody And Poetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6297" type="text/json">{"id":6297,"name":"Prosody And Poetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosody_And_Poetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37668558]'), work: {"id":37668558,"title":"Estonian word prosody on the Procrustean bed of morae","created_at":"2018-10-29T07:34:47.555-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37668558/Estonian_word_prosody_on_the_Procrustean_bed_of_morae?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_37668558","summary":"The paper analyses existing moraic conceptions of Estonian quantity. Main features of functional, generative and phonetically-instructed moraic accounts of Estonian are considered. In most generative accounts, morae simultaneously represent several layers of functionally and structurally diverse information. This brings along a considerable increase in formal analytical machinery and internal controversies. In a structural functional framework, morae can be used to formalise the prosodic contrast of long and short stressed syllables in Estonian. Its relevance is traced in actual functioning of the prosodic system. This contrast is built upon the segmental contrast of short and long phonemes and, in turn, serves as a basis for a contrast of two distinctive foot accents, light and heavy. As an example, a formal morphonological algorithm of calculating Estonian foot accents, which also shows the place of a syllable weight contrast, is proposed in the paper.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57985919,"asset_id":37668558,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8096490,"first_name":"Natalia","last_name":"Kuznetsova","domain_name":"unicatt","page_name":"NataliaKuznetsova","display_name":"Natalia Kuznetsova","profile_url":"https://unicatt.academia.edu/NataliaKuznetsova?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8096490/2808225/76444170/s65_natalia.kuznetsova.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":2077,"name":"Speech Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Prosody?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":6297,"name":"Prosody And Poetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosody_And_Poetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":20191,"name":"Estonian Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Estonian_Language?f_ri=16617"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":22159,"name":"Baltic Finnic Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Baltic_Finnic_Languages?f_ri=16617"},{"id":27292,"name":"Prosody and Its Interfaces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosody_and_Its_Interfaces?f_ri=16617"},{"id":28609,"name":"Phonological Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Theory?f_ri=16617"},{"id":31937,"name":"Finno-Ugric languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finno-Ugric_languages?f_ri=16617"},{"id":41144,"name":"Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosody?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":96565,"name":"Prosody and Language Rhythm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosody_and_Language_Rhythm?f_ri=16617"},{"id":184999,"name":"Metrics and Prosody","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metrics_and_Prosody?f_ri=16617"},{"id":211097,"name":"Finnic Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finnic_Languages?f_ri=16617"},{"id":217334,"name":"Finno-Ugric studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finno-Ugric_studies?f_ri=16617"},{"id":241873,"name":"Prosodic phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosodic_phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":492367,"name":"Prosodic Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosodic_Typology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":528756,"name":"Finnic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finnic_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":542406,"name":"Duration Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Duration_Analysis?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32570691" data-work_id="32570691" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32570691/LINCOM_EUROPA_academic_publications_Phonological_strength_relations_and_segmental_speech_sounds_with_reference_to_some_Indian_Languages">LINCOM EUROPA academic publications Phonological strength relations and segmental speech sounds with reference to some Indian Languages</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study drives home the point that the notion of phonological strength is instrumental in the phonological patterning of segmental asymmetry in addition to the hierarchical representation of phonological features. Phonological strength... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32570691" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study drives home the point that the notion of phonological strength is instrumental in the phonological patterning of segmental asymmetry in addition to the hierarchical representation of phonological features. Phonological strength relation has been interpreted in this study from various perspectives such as dependency phonology and government phonology, positional faithfulness and licensing by cue model, constraint rankings within OT model etc.The findings of this thesis with reference to the data drawn from Assamese and Hindi can be subsumed under two headings: phonological and phonetic. Positional asymmetry is not only phonologically patterned in a dynamic and distributional way but also phonetically authenticated. In other words, the onset coda asymmetry this study shows has some phonetic underpinnings too. In this study various phonological processes are taken in to account in order to deal with the issue of phonological strength. These processes include assimilation, spirantization, consonant cluster, aspiration and gemination. Prosodically stronger positions such as onsets and initial positions attest the process of fortition such as aspiration which is subject to loss in weaker positions. The process of lenition such as spirantization targets mostly the prosodically weaker positions such as word final and coda position. Here the auhtor has shown that whenever there are two adjacent segments of same sonority value, mostly obstruents, coda segment assimilates to the following obstruent in the onset position. But when the adjacent segments are of asymmetric sonority value, that is, liquids or nasals on the onset position and obstruents in the coda position, the former assimilates to the latter and thereby violates the dictum of positional privilege. A more complex segment is a better candidate to be assimilated whereas the less complex segment is susceptible to alternation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32570691" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f66fcbbdba66208cda24532e994b7cdf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52749239,"asset_id":32570691,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52749239/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="540373" href="https://efluniversity.academia.edu/HemangaDutta">Dr. Hemanga Dutta</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="540373" type="text/json">{"id":540373,"first_name":"Dr. Hemanga","last_name":"Dutta","domain_name":"efluniversity","page_name":"HemangaDutta","display_name":"Dr. Hemanga Dutta","profile_url":"https://efluniversity.academia.edu/HemangaDutta?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/540373/193944/20469728/s65_dr._hemanga.dutta.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32570691 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32570691"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32570691, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32570691", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_32570691 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32570691; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_32570691"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_32570691 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="32570691"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32570691; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32570691]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32570691").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32570691").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32570691"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28609" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Theory">Phonological Theory</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28609" type="text/json">{"id":28609,"name":"Phonological Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Theory?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32570691]'), work: {"id":32570691,"title":"LINCOM EUROPA academic publications Phonological strength relations and segmental speech sounds with reference to some Indian Languages","created_at":"2017-04-21T12:57:05.522-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32570691/LINCOM_EUROPA_academic_publications_Phonological_strength_relations_and_segmental_speech_sounds_with_reference_to_some_Indian_Languages?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_32570691","summary":"This study drives home the point that the notion of phonological strength is instrumental in the phonological patterning of segmental asymmetry in addition to the hierarchical representation of phonological features. Phonological strength relation has been interpreted in this study from various perspectives such as dependency phonology and government phonology, positional faithfulness and licensing by cue model, constraint rankings within OT model etc.The findings of this thesis with reference to the data drawn from Assamese and Hindi can be subsumed under two headings: phonological and phonetic. Positional asymmetry is not only phonologically patterned in a dynamic and distributional way but also phonetically authenticated. In other words, the onset coda asymmetry this study shows has some phonetic underpinnings too. In this study various phonological processes are taken in to account in order to deal with the issue of phonological strength. These processes include assimilation, spirantization, consonant cluster, aspiration and gemination. Prosodically stronger positions such as onsets and initial positions attest the process of fortition such as aspiration which is subject to loss in weaker positions. The process of lenition such as spirantization targets mostly the prosodically weaker positions such as word final and coda position. Here the auhtor has shown that whenever there are two adjacent segments of same sonority value, mostly obstruents, coda segment assimilates to the following obstruent in the onset position. But when the adjacent segments are of asymmetric sonority value, that is, liquids or nasals on the onset position and obstruents in the coda position, the former assimilates to the latter and thereby violates the dictum of positional privilege. A more complex segment is a better candidate to be assimilated whereas the less complex segment is susceptible to alternation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52749239,"asset_id":32570691,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":540373,"first_name":"Dr. Hemanga","last_name":"Dutta","domain_name":"efluniversity","page_name":"HemangaDutta","display_name":"Dr. Hemanga Dutta","profile_url":"https://efluniversity.academia.edu/HemangaDutta?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/540373/193944/20469728/s65_dr._hemanga.dutta.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":28609,"name":"Phonological Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Theory?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29082206" data-work_id="29082206" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29082206/Presentation_Slides_Bradlow_Pisoni_Akahane_Yamada_and_Tohkura_1997_Article_Presentation_Some_effects_of_perceptual_learning_on_speech_production">Presentation Slides: Bradlow, Pisoni, Akahane-Yamada & Tohkura (1997), Article Presentation: Some effects of perceptual learning on speech production</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Overview of Classic Article Linking Perception and Production: Bradlow, Pisoni, Akahane-Yamada & Tohkura (1997), Article Presentation: Some effects of perceptual learning on speech production</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div 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data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13702310" href="https://arizona.academia.edu/JoanPalmiterBajorek">Dr. Joan Palmiter Bajorek</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13702310" type="text/json">{"id":13702310,"first_name":"Dr. Joan Palmiter","last_name":"Bajorek","domain_name":"arizona","page_name":"JoanPalmiterBajorek","display_name":"Dr. Joan Palmiter Bajorek","profile_url":"https://arizona.academia.edu/JoanPalmiterBajorek?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13702310/3813919/14080952/s65_joan_palmiter.bajorek.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29082206 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span 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class="js-view-count-work_29082206 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29082206"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29082206; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29082206]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_29082206").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_29082206").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="29082206"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">28</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="867" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception">Perception</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="867" type="text/json">{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1007" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_as_a_Second_Language">Teaching English as a Second Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1007" type="text/json">{"id":1007,"name":"Teaching English as a Second Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_as_a_Second_Language?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" 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production","created_at":"2016-10-11T15:50:25.221-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29082206/Presentation_Slides_Bradlow_Pisoni_Akahane_Yamada_and_Tohkura_1997_Article_Presentation_Some_effects_of_perceptual_learning_on_speech_production?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_29082206","summary":"Overview of Classic Article Linking Perception and Production: Bradlow, Pisoni, Akahane-Yamada \u0026 Tohkura (1997), Article Presentation: Some effects of perceptual learning on speech production","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49532222,"asset_id":29082206,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13702310,"first_name":"Dr. Joan Palmiter","last_name":"Bajorek","domain_name":"arizona","page_name":"JoanPalmiterBajorek","display_name":"Dr. Joan Palmiter Bajorek","profile_url":"https://arizona.academia.edu/JoanPalmiterBajorek?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13702310/3813919/14080952/s65_joan_palmiter.bajorek.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1007,"name":"Teaching English as a Second Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_as_a_Second_Language?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":3442,"name":"Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Production?f_ri=16617"},{"id":5391,"name":"Speech perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_perception?f_ri=16617"},{"id":6223,"name":"English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English?f_ri=16617"},{"id":7709,"name":"Applied Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":15817,"name":"Speech Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Communication?f_ri=16617"},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617"},{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":31224,"name":"Phonetics and Pronunciation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Pronunciation?f_ri=16617"},{"id":33445,"name":"Standard English Pronunciation- British and American Accent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Standard_English_Pronunciation-_British_and_American_Accent?f_ri=16617"},{"id":36835,"name":"Speech Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Processing?f_ri=16617"},{"id":46161,"name":"Foreign Accentedness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foreign_Accentedness?f_ri=16617"},{"id":49389,"name":"Accents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accents?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":74234,"name":"Experimental Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Phonetics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":100638,"name":"Pronunciation Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pronunciation_Teaching?f_ri=16617"},{"id":104524,"name":"Pronunciation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pronunciation?f_ri=16617"},{"id":220841,"name":"English Pronunciation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Pronunciation?f_ri=16617"},{"id":312063,"name":"Perception of Accents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception_of_Accents?f_ri=16617"},{"id":672334,"name":"Phonetics Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_Teaching?f_ri=16617"},{"id":969558,"name":"Teaching English Pronunciation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_Pronunciation?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5454703" data-work_id="5454703" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5454703/Multiregisters_and_Four_Levels_a_new_tonal_model">Multiregisters and Four-Levels: a new tonal model</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper discusses a new 'Multi-Register and Four-Level' (RL) tonal model. Register is defined by phonation types. There are six major types of phonation, which define three Registers: H, M, and L. The RL model is an improvement over... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5454703" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper discusses a new 'Multi-Register and Four-Level' (RL) tonal model. Register is defined by phonation types. There are six major types of phonation, which define three Registers: H, M, and L. The RL model is an improvement over the traditional 'five-point' tonal scale. Its tenability depends on whether it can accommodate the three known five level tone systems. The most challenging case among the three is the Dong language of Gaoba, a variety of the Tai-Kadai family. A field investigation was conducted and the five Gaoba level tones were reexamined. It was found the highest level tone in Gaoba is produced with a falsetto voice. Gaoba Dong thus constitutes a piece of supportive, rather than counter, evidence for the RL model. Then we deal with several tonal systems with single-, double-, or triple-register(s). SUBJECT KEYWORDS Tone representation Phonation types Phonological registers Five level tones The five-point scale Gaoba Dong / ¨ § , and Qinqiang © . It is easy to identify falsetto by listening to singing, and even easier by listening to Rg H Rg M Rg L Voiceless Breathy Creaky Low High Mid Pitch Phonation Falsetto Register Fortis Modal</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5454703" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0c1818affe9e1ebf92180cd87c14e334" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32575636,"asset_id":5454703,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32575636/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7648685" href="https://hkust.academia.edu/XiaonongZhu">Xiaonong Zhu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7648685" type="text/json">{"id":7648685,"first_name":"Xiaonong","last_name":"Zhu","domain_name":"hkust","page_name":"XiaonongZhu","display_name":"Xiaonong Zhu","profile_url":"https://hkust.academia.edu/XiaonongZhu?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7648685/8911145/9945722/s65_xiaonong.zhu.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5454703 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5454703"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5454703, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5454703", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5454703]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5454703").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5454703").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5454703"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16432" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tones">Tones</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16432" type="text/json">{"id":16432,"name":"Tones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tones?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5454703]'), work: {"id":5454703,"title":"Multiregisters and Four-Levels: a new tonal model","created_at":"2013-12-16T23:45:07.803-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5454703/Multiregisters_and_Four_Levels_a_new_tonal_model?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_5454703","summary":"This paper discusses a new 'Multi-Register and Four-Level' (RL) tonal model. Register is defined by phonation types. There are six major types of phonation, which define three Registers: H, M, and L. The RL model is an improvement over the traditional 'five-point' tonal scale. Its tenability depends on whether it can accommodate the three known five level tone systems. The most challenging case among the three is the Dong language of Gaoba, a variety of the Tai-Kadai family. A field investigation was conducted and the five Gaoba level tones were reexamined. It was found the highest level tone in Gaoba is produced with a falsetto voice. Gaoba Dong thus constitutes a piece of supportive, rather than counter, evidence for the RL model. Then we deal with several tonal systems with single-, double-, or triple-register(s). SUBJECT KEYWORDS Tone representation Phonation types Phonological registers Five level tones The five-point scale Gaoba Dong / ¨ § , and Qinqiang © . It is easy to identify falsetto by listening to singing, and even easier by listening to Rg H Rg M Rg L Voiceless Breathy Creaky Low High Mid Pitch Phonation Falsetto Register Fortis Modal","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32575636,"asset_id":5454703,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7648685,"first_name":"Xiaonong","last_name":"Zhu","domain_name":"hkust","page_name":"XiaonongZhu","display_name":"Xiaonong Zhu","profile_url":"https://hkust.academia.edu/XiaonongZhu?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7648685/8911145/9945722/s65_xiaonong.zhu.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16432,"name":"Tones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tones?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":24938,"name":"Articulatory Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Articulatory_Phonetics?f_ri=16617"},{"id":29668,"name":"Tone systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tone_systems?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":78209,"name":"Prosody and Tones of Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prosody_and_Tones_of_Languages?f_ri=16617"},{"id":348156,"name":"Phonological Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Typology?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12707591 coauthored" data-work_id="12707591" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12707591/Loanword_adaptation_as_first_language_phonological_perception">Loanword adaptation as first-language phonological perception</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We show that loanword adaptation can be understood entirely in terms of phonological and phonetic comprehension and production mechanisms in the first language. We provide explicit accounts of several loanword adaptation phenomena (in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12707591" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We show that loanword adaptation can be understood entirely in terms of <br />phonological and phonetic comprehension and production mechanisms in the first <br />language. We provide explicit accounts of several loanword adaptation phenomena (in <br />Korean) in terms of an Optimality-Theoretic grammar model with the same three levels of <br />representation that are needed to describe L1 phonology: the underlying form, the <br />phonological surface form, and the auditory-phonetic form. The model is bidirectional, i.e., <br />the same constraints and rankings are used by the listener and by the speaker. These <br />constraints and rankings are the same for L1 processing and loanword adaptation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12707591" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f3ea692ca070784c08549c5057e1c165" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37789014,"asset_id":12707591,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37789014/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2673223" href="https://uva.academia.edu/PaulBoersma">Paul Boersma</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2673223" type="text/json">{"id":2673223,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Boersma","domain_name":"uva","page_name":"PaulBoersma","display_name":"Paul Boersma","profile_url":"https://uva.academia.edu/PaulBoersma?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2673223/857606/1070056/s65_paul.boersma.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-12707591">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-12707591"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uva.academia.edu/SilkeHamann">Silke Hamann</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-12707591'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-12707591').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12707591 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12707591"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12707591; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12707591]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12707591").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12707591").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12707591"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5391" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_perception">Speech perception</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5391" type="text/json">{"id":5391,"name":"Speech perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_perception?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25981" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Loanword_Phonology">Loanword Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25981" type="text/json">{"id":25981,"name":"Loanword Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Loanword_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28609" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Theory">Phonological Theory</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28609" type="text/json">{"id":28609,"name":"Phonological Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Theory?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12707591]'), work: {"id":12707591,"title":"Loanword adaptation as first-language phonological perception","created_at":"2015-05-31T13:58:48.292-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12707591/Loanword_adaptation_as_first_language_phonological_perception?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_12707591","summary":"We show that loanword adaptation can be understood entirely in terms of\r\nphonological and phonetic comprehension and production mechanisms in the first\r\nlanguage. We provide explicit accounts of several loanword adaptation phenomena (in\r\nKorean) in terms of an Optimality-Theoretic grammar model with the same three levels of\r\nrepresentation that are needed to describe L1 phonology: the underlying form, the\r\nphonological surface form, and the auditory-phonetic form. The model is bidirectional, i.e.,\r\nthe same constraints and rankings are used by the listener and by the speaker. These\r\nconstraints and rankings are the same for L1 processing and loanword adaptation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37789014,"asset_id":12707591,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2673223,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Boersma","domain_name":"uva","page_name":"PaulBoersma","display_name":"Paul Boersma","profile_url":"https://uva.academia.edu/PaulBoersma?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2673223/857606/1070056/s65_paul.boersma.jpg"},{"id":1932522,"first_name":"Silke","last_name":"Hamann","domain_name":"uva","page_name":"SilkeHamann","display_name":"Silke Hamann","profile_url":"https://uva.academia.edu/SilkeHamann?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1932522/2726056/3174981/s65_silke.hamann.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5391,"name":"Speech perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_perception?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":25981,"name":"Loanword Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Loanword_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":28609,"name":"Phonological Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Theory?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":172543,"name":"Add research interests: ? Add Primary research interests:I studied English phonetics, mainly articulatory, for MA, and switched to Cognitive Grammar in my PhD years. Now I'm interested in language cognition and learning, perception and acquisition. x","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Add_research_interests_Add_Primary_research_interests_I_studied_English_phonetics_mainly_articu?f_ri=16617"},{"id":382182,"name":"Loanwords","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Loanwords?f_ri=16617"},{"id":926071,"name":"Loan Words","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Loan_Words?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8347994" data-work_id="8347994" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8347994/2002_with_M_Elmedlaoui_Table_of_contents_of_Syllables_in_Tashlhiyt_Berber_and_in_Moroccan_Arabic_Dordrecht_Kluwer">2002 (with M. Elmedlaoui): Table of contents of Syllables in Tashlhiyt Berber and in Moroccan Arabic. Dordrecht: Kluwer.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8347994" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="933cc860aa477b9ca16f015f91d1ee54" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34750334,"asset_id":8347994,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34750334/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16157542" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/Fran%C3%A7oisDELL">François DELL</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16157542" type="text/json">{"id":16157542,"first_name":"François","last_name":"DELL","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"FrançoisDELL","display_name":"François DELL","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/Fran%C3%A7oisDELL?f_ri=16617","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8347994 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8347994"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8347994, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8347994", }); 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Elmedlaoui): Table of contents of Syllables in Tashlhiyt Berber and in Moroccan Arabic. Dordrecht: Kluwer.","created_at":"2014-09-16T02:19:11.130-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8347994/2002_with_M_Elmedlaoui_Table_of_contents_of_Syllables_in_Tashlhiyt_Berber_and_in_Moroccan_Arabic_Dordrecht_Kluwer?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_8347994","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34750334,"asset_id":8347994,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16157542,"first_name":"François","last_name":"DELL","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"FrançoisDELL","display_name":"François DELL","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/Fran%C3%A7oisDELL?f_ri=16617","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":144922,"name":"Syllable Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syllable_Structure?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":282098,"name":"Berber Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Berber_Languages?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":420201,"name":"Moroccan Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moroccan_Arabic?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4783056" data-work_id="4783056" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4783056/Review_of_Is_the_Sonority_Sequencing_Principle_an_epiphenomenon_by_Henke_Kaisse_and_Wright">Review of "Is the Sonority Sequencing Principle an epiphenomenon?," by Henke, Kaisse & Wright</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This chapter challenges the traditional use of sonority in accounting for the well-known tendencies known as the Sonority Sequencing Principle (SSP) and the Syllable Contact Law. The SSP states that within a syllable a string of segments... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4783056" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This chapter challenges the traditional use of sonority in accounting for the well-known tendencies known as the Sonority Sequencing Principle (SSP) and the Syllable Contact Law. The SSP states that within a syllable a string of segments will rise in sonority to the nucleus and fall in sonority thereafter. Related to this is the Syllable Contact Law, which restricts the sonority of segments from rising across a syllable boundary. Of course, both of these rely on some model of the sonority hierarchy (see for various hierarchies that have been proposed in the literature). claim that the SSP and Syllable Contact Law have several serious flaws, and, rather than accepting these patterns as fundamental phonotactic principles, they are treated as typological generalizations arising from the interaction of perceptual cues. They do not make any overt claims about the source of these generalizations:</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4783056" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3b57cf9ef840356f2d945e70a5b40a21" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32087775,"asset_id":4783056,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32087775/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6164289" href="https://sil.academia.edu/RyanPennington">Ryan Pennington</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6164289" type="text/json">{"id":6164289,"first_name":"Ryan","last_name":"Pennington","domain_name":"sil","page_name":"RyanPennington","display_name":"Ryan Pennington","profile_url":"https://sil.academia.edu/RyanPennington?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6164289/2559233/37674462/s65_ryan.pennington.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4783056 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4783056"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4783056, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4783056", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4783056]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4783056").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4783056").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4783056"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="488460" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sonority">Sonority</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="488460" type="text/json">{"id":488460,"name":"Sonority","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sonority?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4783056]'), work: {"id":4783056,"title":"Review of \"Is the Sonority Sequencing Principle an epiphenomenon?,\" by Henke, Kaisse \u0026 Wright","created_at":"2013-10-15T20:25:23.674-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4783056/Review_of_Is_the_Sonority_Sequencing_Principle_an_epiphenomenon_by_Henke_Kaisse_and_Wright?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_4783056","summary":"This chapter challenges the traditional use of sonority in accounting for the well-known tendencies known as the Sonority Sequencing Principle (SSP) and the Syllable Contact Law. The SSP states that within a syllable a string of segments will rise in sonority to the nucleus and fall in sonority thereafter. Related to this is the Syllable Contact Law, which restricts the sonority of segments from rising across a syllable boundary. Of course, both of these rely on some model of the sonority hierarchy (see for various hierarchies that have been proposed in the literature). claim that the SSP and Syllable Contact Law have several serious flaws, and, rather than accepting these patterns as fundamental phonotactic principles, they are treated as typological generalizations arising from the interaction of perceptual cues. They do not make any overt claims about the source of these generalizations:","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32087775,"asset_id":4783056,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6164289,"first_name":"Ryan","last_name":"Pennington","domain_name":"sil","page_name":"RyanPennington","display_name":"Ryan Pennington","profile_url":"https://sil.academia.edu/RyanPennington?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6164289/2559233/37674462/s65_ryan.pennington.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":488460,"name":"Sonority","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sonority?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41215558" data-work_id="41215558" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41215558/Simplification_of_CC_Sequence_of_Loan_Words_in_Sylheti_Bangla">Simplification of CC Sequence of Loan Words in Sylheti Bangla</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper aims to give an Optimality Theoretic account of the consonant cluster simplification process which occurs in Sylheti Bangla (henceforth SHB), a dialectal variety of Bengali Language, by the emergence of epenthetic vowel before... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41215558" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper aims to give an Optimality Theoretic account of the consonant cluster simplification process which occurs in Sylheti Bangla (henceforth SHB), a dialectal variety of Bengali Language, by the emergence of epenthetic vowel before and between the initial consonant clusters in the adaptation of loan words. The study of the Syllable structure of this dialect makes it clear that native Sylheti words are free from initial consonant cluster which compels Sylheti speakers to simplify word initial consonant clusters in loan words through two processes-to insert a vowel medially when clusters consist of obstruent+sonorant sounds, called anaptyxis. For example, /bro.t o/ is simplified as /br.t / 'fast' and a vowel is put initially when clusters start with sibilant[s]+stop, for example, /stei.n/ is pronounced as /i.ti.n/ 'station' as well as when it starts with sibilant[s]+nasal[m], for example, /smouk/ is articulated as /is.mouk/ 'smoke', known prothesis. The Optimality account of these two processes gives us a clear picture that in Sylheti dialect markedness constraint * COMPLEX ONS is undominated which dominates faithfulness constraint DEP-IO. However, a detailed picture of the Optimality Theoretic account of these two processes is given in the main paper.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41215558" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1022d7bbd59d6fd6c11c245a8ea4c447" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61450047,"asset_id":41215558,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61450047/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="18609043" href="https://schoolofelectronicsengineering.academia.edu/Drarpitagoswami">Dr arpita goswami</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="18609043" type="text/json">{"id":18609043,"first_name":"Dr arpita","last_name":"goswami","domain_name":"schoolofelectronicsengineering","page_name":"Drarpitagoswami","display_name":"Dr arpita goswami","profile_url":"https://schoolofelectronicsengineering.academia.edu/Drarpitagoswami?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18609043/37007600/138494876/s65_dr_arpita.goswami.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41215558 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41215558"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41215558, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41215558", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41215558]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41215558").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41215558").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41215558"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17540" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology">English Phonetics and Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17540" type="text/json">{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31963" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology_Languages_And_Linguistics_">Morphology (Languages And Linguistics)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="31963" type="text/json">{"id":31963,"name":"Morphology (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38604" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimality_Theory_Languages_And_Linguistics_">Optimality Theory (Languages And Linguistics)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="38604" type="text/json">{"id":38604,"name":"Optimality Theory (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimality_Theory_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41215558]'), work: {"id":41215558,"title":"Simplification of CC Sequence of Loan Words in Sylheti Bangla","created_at":"2019-12-07T08:11:53.296-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41215558/Simplification_of_CC_Sequence_of_Loan_Words_in_Sylheti_Bangla?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_41215558","summary":"This paper aims to give an Optimality Theoretic account of the consonant cluster simplification process which occurs in Sylheti Bangla (henceforth SHB), a dialectal variety of Bengali Language, by the emergence of epenthetic vowel before and between the initial consonant clusters in the adaptation of loan words. The study of the Syllable structure of this dialect makes it clear that native Sylheti words are free from initial consonant cluster which compels Sylheti speakers to simplify word initial consonant clusters in loan words through two processes-to insert a vowel medially when clusters consist of obstruent+sonorant sounds, called anaptyxis. For example, /bro.t o/ is simplified as /br.t / 'fast' and a vowel is put initially when clusters start with sibilant[s]+stop, for example, /stei.n/ is pronounced as /i.ti.n/ 'station' as well as when it starts with sibilant[s]+nasal[m], for example, /smouk/ is articulated as /is.mouk/ 'smoke', known prothesis. The Optimality account of these two processes gives us a clear picture that in Sylheti dialect markedness constraint * COMPLEX ONS is undominated which dominates faithfulness constraint DEP-IO. However, a detailed picture of the Optimality Theoretic account of these two processes is given in the main paper.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61450047,"asset_id":41215558,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":18609043,"first_name":"Dr arpita","last_name":"goswami","domain_name":"schoolofelectronicsengineering","page_name":"Drarpitagoswami","display_name":"Dr arpita goswami","profile_url":"https://schoolofelectronicsengineering.academia.edu/Drarpitagoswami?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18609043/37007600/138494876/s65_dr_arpita.goswami.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":17540,"name":"English Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":31963,"name":"Morphology (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":38604,"name":"Optimality Theory (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimality_Theory_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9320733" data-work_id="9320733" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9320733/All_gradience_is_not_created_equal_chapter">All gradience is not created equal - chapter</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9320733" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b11d6051756aa3c5eb4b7659b8bb6e51" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35580221,"asset_id":9320733,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35580221/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="894780" href="https://amu.academia.edu/GeoffSchwartz">Geoff Schwartz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="894780" type="text/json">{"id":894780,"first_name":"Geoff","last_name":"Schwartz","domain_name":"amu","page_name":"GeoffSchwartz","display_name":"Geoff Schwartz","profile_url":"https://amu.academia.edu/GeoffSchwartz?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/894780/327923/388852/s65_geoff.schwartz.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9320733 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9320733"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9320733, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9320733", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9320733]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9320733").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9320733").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9320733"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60338" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology">Phonetics and Phonology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="60338" type="text/json">{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9320733]'), work: {"id":9320733,"title":"All gradience is not created equal - chapter","created_at":"2014-11-15T03:51:40.544-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9320733/All_gradience_is_not_created_equal_chapter?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_9320733","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35580221,"asset_id":9320733,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":894780,"first_name":"Geoff","last_name":"Schwartz","domain_name":"amu","page_name":"GeoffSchwartz","display_name":"Geoff Schwartz","profile_url":"https://amu.academia.edu/GeoffSchwartz?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/894780/327923/388852/s65_geoff.schwartz.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30916591" data-work_id="30916591" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30916591/Structure_in_talker_specific_phonetic_realization_Covariation_of_stop_consonant_VOT_in_American_English">Structure in talker-specific phonetic realization: Covariation of stop consonant VOT in American English</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Variation across talkers in the acoustic-phonetic realization of speech sounds is a pervasive property of spoken language. The present study provides evidence that variation across talkers in the realization of American English stop... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30916591" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Variation across talkers in the acoustic-phonetic realization of speech sounds is a pervasive property of spoken language. The present study provides evidence that variation across talkers in the realization of American English stop consonants is highly structured. Positive voice onset time (VOT) was examined for all six word-initial stop categories in isolated productions of CVC syllables and in a multi-talker corpus of connected read speech. The mean VOT for each stop differed considerably across talkers, replicating previous findings, but importantly there were strong and statistically significant linear relations among the means (e.g., the mean VOTs of [pʰ] and [kʰ] were highly correlated across talkers, r > 0.80). The pattern of VOT covariation was not reducible to differences in speaking rate or other factors known to affect the realization of stop consonants. These findings support a uniformity constraint on the talker-specific realization of a phonetic property, such as glottal spreading, that is shared by multiple speech sounds. Because uniformity implies mutual predictability, the findings also shed light on listeners' ability to generalize knowledge of a novel talker from one stop consonant to another. More broadly, structured variation of the kind investigated here indicates a relatively low-dimensional encoding of talker-specific phonetic realization in both speech production and speech perception.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30916591" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ec4093a290e38202d6cb9d30264efe5d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51340616,"asset_id":30916591,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51340616/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24125157" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EleanorChodroff">Eleanor Chodroff</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24125157" type="text/json">{"id":24125157,"first_name":"Eleanor","last_name":"Chodroff","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EleanorChodroff","display_name":"Eleanor Chodroff","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EleanorChodroff?f_ri=16617","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30916591 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30916591"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30916591, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30916591", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30916591]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30916591").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30916591").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30916591"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21025" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics">Acoustic Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21025" type="text/json">{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60338" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology">Phonetics and Phonology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="60338" type="text/json">{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30916591]'), work: {"id":30916591,"title":"Structure in talker-specific phonetic realization: Covariation of stop consonant VOT in American English","created_at":"2017-01-13T10:43:53.509-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30916591/Structure_in_talker_specific_phonetic_realization_Covariation_of_stop_consonant_VOT_in_American_English?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_30916591","summary":"Variation across talkers in the acoustic-phonetic realization of speech sounds is a pervasive property of spoken language. The present study provides evidence that variation across talkers in the realization of American English stop consonants is highly structured. Positive voice onset time (VOT) was examined for all six word-initial stop categories in isolated productions of CVC syllables and in a multi-talker corpus of connected read speech. The mean VOT for each stop differed considerably across talkers, replicating previous findings, but importantly there were strong and statistically significant linear relations among the means (e.g., the mean VOTs of [pʰ] and [kʰ] were highly correlated across talkers, r \u003e 0.80). The pattern of VOT covariation was not reducible to differences in speaking rate or other factors known to affect the realization of stop consonants. These findings support a uniformity constraint on the talker-specific realization of a phonetic property, such as glottal spreading, that is shared by multiple speech sounds. Because uniformity implies mutual predictability, the findings also shed light on listeners' ability to generalize knowledge of a novel talker from one stop consonant to another. More broadly, structured variation of the kind investigated here indicates a relatively low-dimensional encoding of talker-specific phonetic realization in both speech production and speech perception.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51340616,"asset_id":30916591,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24125157,"first_name":"Eleanor","last_name":"Chodroff","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EleanorChodroff","display_name":"Eleanor Chodroff","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EleanorChodroff?f_ri=16617","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":21025,"name":"Acoustic Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acoustic_Phonetics?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":117706,"name":"Talker Variability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Talker_Variability?f_ri=16617"},{"id":216712,"name":"Voice Onset Time","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Voice_Onset_Time?f_ri=16617"},{"id":288544,"name":"Corpus Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corpus_Phonetics?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23085625 coauthored" data-work_id="23085625" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23085625/Fonolog%C3%ADa_tutoriales_2014_">Fonología: tutoriales (2014)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Esta es una colección de 60 vídeos tutoriales que pueden ser empleados como material educativo en los cursos de fonología básica de lenguas orales en el ámbito universitario. Originalmente, fueron creados como complementos audiovisuales... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23085625" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Esta es una colección de 60 vídeos tutoriales que pueden ser empleados como material educativo en los cursos de fonología básica de lenguas orales en el ámbito universitario. Originalmente, fueron creados como complementos audiovisuales de las semanas 2-8 del curso de Fonología I (Maestría en Lingüística, Instituto Caro y Cuervo) del periodo 2014-II. En general, los videos proporcionan información sobre los conceptos básicos en esta disciplina de la lingüística y están acompañados de materiales de apoyo. Los vídeos 1-17 tratan aspectos relacionados con la sílaba: conceptualización y tipos de estructuras presentes. Los videos 18-26 dan reporte sobre la acentuación, elemento importante en la estructuración rítmica de las lenguas. Los videos 27-35 tratan sobre el tono, componente melódico que se emplea en algunas lenguas como elemento de soporte a distinciones léxicas. Los videos 36-45 dan cuenta del fonema y los alófonos: las maneras de identificarlos en los datos y las tendencias tipológicas más generales. Los últimos 15 videos proporcionan aspectos claves para entender los rasgos distintivos, ¿en qué se basan y cómo se han estructurado?</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23085625" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="37b60ded7a17de3a471be73dd99bac9a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":118556594,"asset_id":23085625,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118556594/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1285246" href="https://caroycuervo.academia.edu/CamiloEnriqueD%C3%ADazRomero">Camilo Enrique Díaz Romero</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1285246" type="text/json">{"id":1285246,"first_name":"Camilo Enrique","last_name":"Díaz Romero","domain_name":"caroycuervo","page_name":"CamiloEnriqueDíazRomero","display_name":"Camilo Enrique Díaz Romero","profile_url":"https://caroycuervo.academia.edu/CamiloEnriqueD%C3%ADazRomero?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1285246/471788/150737865/s65_camilo_enrique.d_az_romero.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-23085625">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-23085625"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://caroycuervo.academia.edu/M%C3%B3nicaRam%C3%ADrezCano">Mónica Ramírez Cano</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-23085625'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-23085625').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23085625 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23085625"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23085625, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23085625", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_23085625 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23085625; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_23085625"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_23085625 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23085625"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23085625; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23085625]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23085625").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23085625").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23085625"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13167" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology">Laboratory/Experimental Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13167" type="text/json">{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface">Phonetics-Phonology Interface</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16617" type="text/json">{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49475" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Phonology">Experimental Phonology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="49475" type="text/json">{"id":49475,"name":"Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23085625]'), work: {"id":23085625,"title":"Fonología: tutoriales (2014)","created_at":"2016-03-10T06:44:52.587-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/23085625/Fonolog%C3%ADa_tutoriales_2014_?f_ri=16617","dom_id":"work_23085625","summary":"\nEsta es una colección de 60 vídeos tutoriales que pueden ser empleados como material educativo en los cursos de fonología básica de lenguas orales en el ámbito universitario. Originalmente, fueron creados como complementos audiovisuales de las semanas 2-8 del curso de Fonología I (Maestría en Lingüística, Instituto Caro y Cuervo) del periodo 2014-II. En general, los videos proporcionan información sobre los conceptos básicos en esta disciplina de la lingüística y están acompañados de materiales de apoyo. Los vídeos 1-17 tratan aspectos relacionados con la sílaba: conceptualización y tipos de estructuras presentes. Los videos 18-26 dan reporte sobre la acentuación, elemento importante en la estructuración rítmica de las lenguas. Los videos 27-35 tratan sobre el tono, componente melódico que se emplea en algunas lenguas como elemento de soporte a distinciones léxicas. Los videos 36-45 dan cuenta del fonema y los alófonos: las maneras de identificarlos en los datos y las tendencias tipológicas más generales. Los últimos 15 videos proporcionan aspectos claves para entender los rasgos distintivos, ¿en qué se basan y cómo se han estructurado?\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118556594,"asset_id":23085625,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":118556593,"asset_id":23085625,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1285246,"first_name":"Camilo Enrique","last_name":"Díaz Romero","domain_name":"caroycuervo","page_name":"CamiloEnriqueDíazRomero","display_name":"Camilo Enrique Díaz Romero","profile_url":"https://caroycuervo.academia.edu/CamiloEnriqueD%C3%ADazRomero?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1285246/471788/150737865/s65_camilo_enrique.d_az_romero.jpg"},{"id":29473905,"first_name":"Mónica","last_name":"Ramírez Cano","domain_name":"caroycuervo","page_name":"MónicaRamírezCano","display_name":"Mónica Ramírez Cano","profile_url":"https://caroycuervo.academia.edu/M%C3%B3nicaRam%C3%ADrezCano?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29473905/101627015/90785512/s65_m_nica.ram_rez.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":16617,"name":"Phonetics-Phonology Interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics-Phonology_Interface?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":49475,"name":"Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=16617","nofollow":true},{"id":49476,"name":"Theoretical phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_phonology?f_ri=16617"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=16617"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13254876 coauthored" data-work_id="13254876" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13254876/Contrastes_lar%C3%ADngeos_en_el_mazateco_de_R%C3%ADo_Santiago_Huautla_">Contrastes laríngeos en el mazateco de Río Santiago (Huautla)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Se utilizan símbolos fonéticos, se sigue el AFI y se usa la fuente Doulos SIL.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13254876" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="11b519015439729eee8e6c1d1a6e927d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37995906,"asset_id":13254876,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37995906/download_file?st=MTczOTgzODQ2Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1236228" href="https://ciesas.academia.edu/GillesPolian">Gilles Polian</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1236228" type="text/json">{"id":1236228,"first_name":"Gilles","last_name":"Polian","domain_name":"ciesas","page_name":"GillesPolian","display_name":"Gilles Polian","profile_url":"https://ciesas.academia.edu/GillesPolian?f_ri=16617","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1236228/523952/8989748/s65_gilles.polian.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-13254876">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-13254876"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ciesasdocencia.academia.edu/MarioEChavezPeon">Mario E. 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