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href="#Article"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Article</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Article-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paper" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paper"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Paper</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paper-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-e-Script" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#e-Script"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>e-Script</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-e-Script-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scholarly_communication_and_data_publishing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scholarly_communication_and_data_publishing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Scholarly communication and data publishing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scholarly_communication_and_data_publishing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peer_review_and_quality_control" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peer_review_and_quality_control"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Peer review and quality control</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peer_review_and_quality_control-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scholarly_communication_and_libraries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scholarly_communication_and_libraries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Scholarly communication and libraries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scholarly_communication_and_libraries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scholarly_communication_and_academic_reward_and_reputation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scholarly_communication_and_academic_reward_and_reputation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Scholarly communication and academic reward and reputation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scholarly_communication_and_academic_reward_and_reputation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scholarly_communication_crisis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scholarly_communication_crisis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Scholarly communication crisis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scholarly_communication_crisis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Creation and dissemination of academic research</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Science_communication" title="Science communication">Science communication</a>.</div> <p><b>Scholarly communication</b> involves the creation, publication, dissemination and discovery of <a href="/wiki/Academic_research" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic research">academic research</a>, primarily in peer-reviewed journals and books.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is “the system through which research and other scholarly writings are created, evaluated for quality, disseminated to the scholarly community, and preserved for future use."<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This primarily involves the publication of peer-reviewed <a href="/wiki/Academic_journal" title="Academic journal">academic journals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Academic_book" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic book">books</a> and conference papers. </p><p>There are many issues with scholarly communication, which include <a href="/wiki/Author_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Author rights">author rights</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Peer_review_process" class="mw-redirect" title="Peer review process">peer review process</a>, the economics of scholarly resources, new models of publishing (including <a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access">open access</a> and <a href="/wiki/Institutional_repository" title="Institutional repository">institutional repositories</a>), rights and access to federally funded research and preservation of intellectual assets.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Common methods of scholarly communication include publishing peer-reviewed articles in academic <a href="/wiki/Academic_journal" title="Academic journal">journals</a>, academic <a href="/wiki/Monograph" title="Monograph">monographs</a> and books, book reviews and conference papers. Other textual formats used include <a href="/wiki/Preprint" title="Preprint">preprints</a> and <a href="/wiki/Working_paper" title="Working paper">working papers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Report" title="Report">reports</a>, <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia" title="Encyclopedia">encyclopedias</a>, dictionaries, data and visualisations, <a href="/wiki/Blog" title="Blog">blogs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Internet_forum" title="Internet forum">discussion forums</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other forms, particularly in the <a href="/wiki/Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Arts">arts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Humanities" title="Humanities">humanities</a> include multimedia formats such as sound and video recordings. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminology">Terminology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarly_communication&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Terminology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Manuscript"><a href="/wiki/Manuscript" title="Manuscript">Manuscript</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarly_communication&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Manuscript"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>a scholarly document which has not yet been submitted for publication.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Preprint">Preprint</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarly_communication&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Preprint"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>There are two working definitions. a scholarly manuscript that has been submitted for peer review, or a scholarly document at any stage prior to the completion of peer review.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postprint"><a href="/wiki/Postprint" title="Postprint">Postprint</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarly_communication&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Postprint"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>the final peer reviewed version of a manuscript that has been accepted for publication</li> <li>materials that have been accepted to be presented at a conference</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Article">Article</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarly_communication&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Article"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>a scholarly document which has been published.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Paper">Paper</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarly_communication&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Paper"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>a scholarly document or material which has been presented at a conference.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="e-Script">e-Script</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarly_communication&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: e-Script"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>an electronic manuscript</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scholarly_communication_and_data_publishing">Scholarly communication and data publishing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarly_communication&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Scholarly communication and data publishing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The modern research author requires a reliable and standardized method to make research data available to other members of their community. This need has resulted in the development of a new form of scholarly communication known as data publishing. The process involves making data accessible, reusable and citable for long term use and is more elaborate than simply providing access to a data file.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Data is becoming an important element of scholarship as a sharable source to be reused and shared. The same data can be accessed by multiple researchers to ask new questions or to replicate research for verification and augmentation. Categories of data differ among disciplines, as does its accessibility. Many publications have begun to offer incentives to scholarly researchers to publish their data and have developed the necessary infrastructure in support of e-research. Technical, policy, and institutional factors are becoming more established. The next phase will see the integration of the process into a standardized data publishing methodology. </p><p>There are several types of data that researchers must to protect when collecting, handling, storing and sharing data to safeguard the confidentiality of contributors. There are three primary types of information. Personally identifiable information includes any data that allows the identity of an individual to whom the information applies to be realistically deduced by either direct or indirect means. Protected health information includes individually identifiable health information transmitted or maintained in any form or medium by a covered entity.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other sensitive information that should be protected include data that if it were disclosed would have a significant likelihood to cause psychological, social, emotional, physical, or reputation harm. A common approach for <a href="/wiki/Data_sharing" title="Data sharing">data sharing</a> that includes confidential material is through de-identification or anonymization. There are numerous techniques for the de-identification of data including simply removing specific variables or by using statistical techniques such as top-coding, collapsing or combining, sampling, swapping, or disturbing the data. For qualitative data, redaction can be used to hide data elements that cannot be made public. However, it is important that future research requirements be taken into consideration when developing a de-identification or anonymization plan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Peer_review_and_quality_control">Peer review and quality control</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarly_communication&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Peer review and quality control"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Scholarly_peer_review" title="Scholarly peer review">Scholarly peer review</a></div> <p>A key element of the scholarly communication process is ensuring that research meets a level of quality and is of scholarly merit. This is normally done through a process of <a href="/wiki/Peer_review" title="Peer review">peer review</a>, where other researchers in the same discipline review the research write up and decide if it is of sufficient quality. For example, in the case of a journal article, the author(s) of a piece of research will submit their article to a <a href="/wiki/Academic_journal" title="Academic journal">journal</a>, it will then be sent to a number of other academics who specialize in the same area to be peer reviewed. The journal will often receive many more articles than there is space to publish them, and it is in their interest to publish only those of the highest quality (which will over time increase the reputation of the journal). If the reviewers feel the article is of a high enough quality for the journal, they will often request some changes to be made and once these are done, accept the article for publication. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scholarly_communication_and_libraries">Scholarly communication and libraries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarly_communication&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Scholarly communication and libraries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Libraries and librarians play a critical role in the aggregation, evaluation and dissemination of scholarly communication. The Scholarly Communication Toolkit was designed by the Research and Scholarly Environment Committee of the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_College_and_Research_Libraries" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of College and Research Libraries">Association of College and Research Libraries</a> (ACRL) to support advocacy efforts designed to transform the scholarly communication landscape.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The future of research libraries will be shaped by broader developments at research universities in the areas of creating, sharing, disseminating, and curating knowledge. Universities face fundamental policy choices in all of the areas that have been recast by developments in information technology.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Current trends in digital scholarship practices across the humanities, science, and social science have significant implications for research libraries in academic institutions as a means of framing policy choices. </p><p>Many research libraries have formalized the role of Scholarly Communications Librarian and defined specific responsibilities, including the implementation of outreach programs to increase awareness relative to <a href="/wiki/Copyright_law_of_the_United_States" title="Copyright law of the United States">copyright</a> (particularly section 108 of the US Copyright Act), <a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access">open access</a>, and other scholarly communication issues. Through these types of programs, librarians have established their role relative to the structure of the library organization by formalizing the discussion of these issues in research and e-learning activities. They also contribute in teaching copyright literacy by being active in all stages of the research process.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scholarly_communication_and_academic_reward_and_reputation">Scholarly communication and academic reward and reputation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarly_communication&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Scholarly communication and academic reward and reputation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Publish_or_perish" title="Publish or perish">Publish or perish</a></div> <p>Scholarly communication is seen as a crucial part of research, and researchers - many of whom are lecturers and academics at universities - are often judged by their academic output and list of publications. Promotions will normally take into account the number of publications and how prestigious the journals they were published in (e.g. <i><a href="/wiki/Nature_(journal)" title="Nature (journal)">Nature</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lancet" title="The Lancet">The Lancet</a></i> are seen as very prestigious journals within the sciences). A researcher's publication list will help them create a positive reputation within their discipline. The proliferation of open access journals has facilitated this process by providing a means for scholars to publish their research regardless of perceived importance, as is the case with traditional journals. Publications such as <a href="/wiki/PLOS_ONE" class="mw-redirect" title="PLOS ONE">PLOS ONE</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scientific_Reports" title="Scientific Reports">Scientific Reports</a> follow an author pay model, where the peer review and publishing service are provided for a one time cost to the writer. The material is then made available at no cost to others, who can then build on this research without limitation. This approach results in the acceptance and publishing of a greater percentage of submissions across a broader subject area. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scholarly_communication_crisis">Scholarly communication crisis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarly_communication&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Scholarly communication crisis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Serials_crisis" title="Serials crisis">Serials crisis</a></div> <p>The term "scholarly communications" has been in common usage at least since the mid-1970s, in recent years there has been widespread belief that the traditional system for disseminating scholarship has reached a state of crisis<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (often referred to as the "publishing crisis" or "<a href="/wiki/Serials_crisis" title="Serials crisis">serials crisis</a>") </p><p>The proliferation of new journals and the "twigging" of established journals into smaller sub-specialities, combined with rising prices, especially in the sciences, have dramatically reduced the capacity of research libraries to purchase resources required by their scholarly communities. All disciplines and formats are affected, the humanities and social sciences as well as the sciences, books as well as journals. The proliferation of electronic journals and the various pricing models for this information has further complicated the acquisitions issue, both for libraries and for publishers. </p><p>Many groups, including library consortia, research funders,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> academics and universities have been calling for changes to the ways scholarly communication takes place, particularly in light of the Internet creating new and low cost methods to disseminate research, while still maintaining a 'peer review' process to ensure that the quality of research is maintained. To advance research in this area and to produce sustainable publication tools, the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation has funded a cohort of projects based on university campuses and at academic presses "to change scholarly practice in ways that advance teaching, research, preservation, and publication."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recent technological developments, such as <a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access">open access</a> and <a href="/wiki/Institutional_repository" title="Institutional repository">institutional repositories</a> at universities are seen as vehicles for changing or improving the scholarly communication process. </p><p> Chief among the factors contributing to the perceived crisis is the academic reward system, which emphasizes quantity of publication. There is a consequent demand by scholars for peer-reviewed publication outlets. Another important cause is the commercialization and internationalization of scholarly publishing. The growing dominance of publishing conglomerates in scientific, technical, and medical fields, and to some degree in the social sciences, is of special concern to information professionals. Scholars, often indifferent to rights issues, transfer copyright to for-profit publishers, frequently for reports of research funded wholly or partially at public expense. Commercial publishers have established a highly profitable niche for themselves in the scholarly communication chain.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"></p><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Scientific_journal#Cost" title="Scientific journal">Scientific journal § Cost</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarly_communication&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FORCE11" title="FORCE11">FORCE11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access">Open access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_science" title="Open science">Open science</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarly_communication&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFruin" class="citation web cs1">Fruin, Christine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://acrl.libguides.com/scholcomm/toolkit/">"LibGuides: Scholarly Communication Toolkit: Scholarly Communication Overview"</a>. <i>acrl.libguides.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved May 9, 2017, from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://mellon.org/programs/scholarly-communications/">https://mellon.org/programs/scholarly-communications/</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarly_communication&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis-KahlHensley2013" class="citation book cs1">Davis-Kahl, Stephanie; Hensley, Merinda Kaye (2013). <i>Common Ground at the Nexus of Information Literacy and Scholarly Communication</i>. Association of College and Research Libraries, a division of the American Library Association. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780838986219" title="Special:BookSources/9780838986219"><bdi>9780838986219</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Common+Ground+at+the+Nexus+of+Information+Literacy+and+Scholarly+Communication&rft.pub=Association+of+College+and+Research+Libraries%2C+a+division+of+the+American+Library+Association&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9780838986219&rft.aulast=Davis-Kahl&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft.au=Hensley%2C+Merinda+Kaye&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScholarly+communication" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGenoniMerrickWillson2006" class="citation journal cs1">Genoni, Paul; Merrick, Helen; Willson, Michele A. (2006). "Scholarly communities, e-research literacy and the academic librarian". <i>The Electronic Library</i>. <b>24</b> (6): 734–746. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1108%2F02640470610714189">10.1108/02640470610714189</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Electronic+Library&rft.atitle=Scholarly+communities%2C+e-research+literacy+and+the+academic+librarian&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=734-746&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1108%2F02640470610714189&rft.aulast=Genoni&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Merrick%2C+Helen&rft.au=Willson%2C+Michele+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScholarly+communication" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlain-GabbayShoham2016" class="citation journal cs1">Klain-Gabbay, Liat; Shoham, Snunith (2016). "Scholarly communication and academic librarians". <i>Library & Information Science Research</i>. <b>38</b> (2): 170–179. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.lisr.2016.04.004">10.1016/j.lisr.2016.04.004</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Library+%26+Information+Science+Research&rft.atitle=Scholarly+communication+and+academic+librarians&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=170-179&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.lisr.2016.04.004&rft.aulast=Klain-Gabbay&rft.aufirst=Liat&rft.au=Shoham%2C+Snunith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScholarly+communication" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas2013" class="citation journal cs1">Thomas, Wm. Joseph (2013). "The Structure of Scholarly Communications within Academic Libraries". <i>Serials Review</i>. <b>39</b> (3): 167–171. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00987913.2013.10766387">10.1080/00987913.2013.10766387</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10342%2F4120">10342/4120</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Serials+Review&rft.atitle=The+Structure+of+Scholarly+Communications+within+Academic+Libraries&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=167-171&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10342%2F4120&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00987913.2013.10766387&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Wm.+Joseph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScholarly+communication" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholarly_communication&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="http://www.ala.org/acrl/issues/scholcomm">Scholarly Communication at the Association of College and Research Libraries, a Division of the American Library Association</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arl.org/sc/">Scholarly Communication at the Association of Research Libraries</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://openuct.uct.ac.za/activities/scholarly-communication-africa-programme">Scholarly Communication in Africa Programme (SCAP)</a>, and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://openuct.uct.ac.za/">OpenUCT Initiative</a> at The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cape_Town" title="University of Cape Town">University of Cape Town</a> (UCT)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Academic_publishing" title="Template:Academic publishing"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Academic_publishing" title="Template talk:Academic publishing"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Academic_publishing" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Academic publishing"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Academic_publishing" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Academic_publishing" title="Academic publishing">Academic publishing</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Journals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_journal" title="Academic journal">Academic journal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_journal" title="Scientific journal">Scientific journal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_health_journal" title="Public health journal">Public health</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Papers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_publishing#Scholarly_paper" title="Academic publishing">Paper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abstract_(summary)" title="Abstract (summary)">Abstract</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Review_article" title="Review article">Review article</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Position_paper" title="Position paper">Position paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_review" title="Literature review">Literature review</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grey_literature" title="Grey literature">Grey literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Working_paper" title="Working paper">Working paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_paper" title="White paper">White paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_report" title="Technical report">Technical report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annual_report" title="Annual report">Annual report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamphlet" title="Pamphlet">Pamphlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essay" title="Essay">Essay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open-notebook_science" title="Open-notebook science">Lab notes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other publication types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thesis" title="Thesis">Thesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collection_of_articles" title="Collection of articles">Collection of articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">Patent</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biological_patent" title="Biological patent">Biological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_patent" title="Chemical patent">Chemical</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book" title="Book">Book</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monograph" title="Monograph">Monograph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapter_(books)" title="Chapter (books)">Chapter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poster_session" title="Poster session">Poster session</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conference_proceedings" title="Conference proceedings">Proceedings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Impact and ranking</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acknowledgment_index" title="Acknowledgment index">Acknowledgment index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altmetrics" title="Altmetrics">Altmetrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Article-level_metrics" title="Article-level metrics">Article-level metrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Author-level_metrics" title="Author-level metrics">Author-level metrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliometrics" title="Bibliometrics">Bibliometrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citation_impact" title="Citation impact">Citation impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citation_index" title="Citation index">Citation index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journal_ranking" title="Journal ranking">Journal ranking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eigenfactor" title="Eigenfactor">Eigenfactor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H-index" title="H-index">h-index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_factor" title="Impact factor">Impact factor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCImago_Journal_Rank" title="SCImago Journal Rank">SCImago Journal Rank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientometrics" title="Scientometrics">Scientometrics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reform and access</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_journal_publishing_reform" title="Academic journal publishing reform">Academic journal publishing reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access">Open access</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Open_access_citation_advantage" title="Open access citation advantage">Citation advantage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serials_crisis" title="Serials crisis">Serials crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub">Sci-Hub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICanHazPDF" title="ICanHazPDF">#ICanHazPDF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Versioning</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Preprint" title="Preprint">Preprint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postprint" title="Postprint">Postprint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Version_of_record" title="Version of record">Version of record</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erratum" title="Erratum">Erratum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retraction_in_academic_publishing" title="Retraction in academic publishing">Retraction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_academic_databases_and_search_engines" title="List of academic databases and search engines">Indexes and search engines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Scholar" title="Google Scholar">Google Scholar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMiner_(database)" title="AMiner (database)">AMiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BASE_(search_engine)" title="BASE (search engine)">BASE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CORE_(research_service)" title="CORE (research service)">CORE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar">Semantic Scholar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scopus" title="Scopus">Scopus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_of_Science" title="Web of Science">Web of Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paperity" title="Paperity">Paperity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenAlex" title="OpenAlex">OpenAlex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imprint_(trade_name)" title="Imprint (trade name)">Imprint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_writing" title="Scientific writing">Scientific writing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peer_review" title="Peer review">Peer review</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Scholarly communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_literature" title="Scientific literature">Scientific literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Learned_society" title="Learned society">Learned society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_research" title="Open research">Open research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_scientific_data" title="Open scientific data">Open scientific data</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ORCID" title="ORCID">ORCID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_publishing" title="Electronic publishing">Electronic publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingelfinger_rule" title="Ingelfinger rule">Ingelfinger rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Least_publishable_unit" title="Least publishable unit">Least publishable unit</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Publish_or_perish" title="Publish or perish">Publish or perish</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_academic_journals" title="Lists of academic journals">Academic journals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_scientific_journals" title="List of scientific journals">Scientific journals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_open-access_journals" title="List of open-access journals">Open-access journals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_academic_databases_and_search_engines" title="List of academic databases and search engines">Academic databases and search engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_university_presses" title="List of university presses">University presses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copyright_policies_of_academic_publishers" title="Copyright policies of academic publishers">Copyright policies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_academic_publishers_by_preprint_policy" title="List of academic publishers by preprint policy">Preprint policies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_style_guides#Academic" title="List of style guides">Style/formatting guides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Academic_publishing" title="Category:Academic publishing">Category:Academic publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Scientific_documents" title="Category:Scientific documents">Category:Scientific documents</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scholarly_communication&oldid=1235966804">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scholarly_communication&oldid=1235966804</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" 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