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margin-xs-left">abonnés</span></div></div></div></article></div></div></div><div class="ItemChainElement__ItemElementLayout-sc-1c74lbk-0 keBvAW col-sm-12 col-md-xl-4 layout-section"><div><div class="custom-card-list"><article class="container-fluid large-promo themes_promo margin-sm-bottom border border_solid border_bottom border_color_grey_2"><div class="row text-align_left"><div class="col-sm-xl-12 flex-col"><a href="/culture/livres/boualem-sansal-lettres-trop-libres-20241129_FS7YIT6575D7XKQEGZSA24WJJE/" title="Boualem Sansal, lettres trop libres "><div><div class="sc-kSzVC sc-bxdjLI cSDozW ftfuWe"></div></div></a></div><div class="col-sm-xl-12 flex-col margin-xs-bottom"><a href="/culture/livres/boualem-sansal-lettres-trop-libres-20241129_FS7YIT6575D7XKQEGZSA24WJJE/" class="Overline-sc-1o7iuj5-0 dCtggU">Portrait</a><a href="/culture/livres/boualem-sansal-lettres-trop-libres-20241129_FS7YIT6575D7XKQEGZSA24WJJE/" class="decoration_none color_grey_4" title="Boualem Sansal, lettres trop libres "><h2 class="Headline-sc-16el3pa-0 hoFQxA font_lg-libe font_primary font_primary_spacing-0-6 font_normal margin-xs-bottom ">Boualem Sansal, lettres trop libres </h2></a><div class="article-meta"><span class="font_xxs font_tertiary color_grey ">29 nov. 2024</span><span class="color_yellow_2 font_xxs font_tertiary margin-xs-left">abonnés</span></div></div></div></article></div></div></div><div class="ItemChainElement__ItemElementLayout-sc-1c74lbk-0 kwKUVH col-sm-12 col-md-xl-4 layout-section"><div><div class="custom-card-list"><article class="container-fluid large-promo themes_promo margin-sm-bottom border border_solid border_bottom border_color_grey_2"><div class="row text-align_left"><div class="col-sm-xl-12 flex-col"><a href="/culture/livres/pour-curzio-malaparte-d-h-lawrence-a-reconverti-les-anglais-a-lamour-physique-20241130_JKM24XEW5ZDABNKNHRQPGCBUTQ/" title="Pour Curzio Malaparte, «D. H. Lawrence a reconverti les Anglais à l’amour physique»"><div><div class="sc-kSzVC sc-bxdjLI cSDozW ftfuWe"></div></div></a></div><div class="col-sm-xl-12 flex-col margin-xs-bottom"><a href="/culture/livres/pour-curzio-malaparte-d-h-lawrence-a-reconverti-les-anglais-a-lamour-physique-20241130_JKM24XEW5ZDABNKNHRQPGCBUTQ/" class="Overline-sc-1o7iuj5-0 dCtggU">Littérature érotique</a><a href="/culture/livres/pour-curzio-malaparte-d-h-lawrence-a-reconverti-les-anglais-a-lamour-physique-20241130_JKM24XEW5ZDABNKNHRQPGCBUTQ/" class="decoration_none color_grey_4" title="Pour Curzio Malaparte, «D. H. Lawrence a reconverti les Anglais à l’amour physique»"><h2 class="Headline-sc-16el3pa-0 hoFQxA font_lg-libe font_primary font_primary_spacing-0-6 font_normal margin-xs-bottom ">Pour Curzio Malaparte, «D. H. Lawrence a reconverti les Anglais à l’amour physique»</h2></a><div class="article-meta"><span class="font_xxs font_tertiary color_grey ">29 nov. 2024</span><span class="color_yellow_2 font_xxs font_tertiary margin-xs-left">abonnés</span></div></div></div></article></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="flex-chain container-fluid"><div class=""><div class="row"><div class="ItemChainElement__ItemElementLayout-sc-1c74lbk-0 gWdzdQ col-sm-12 col-md-xl-4 layout-section"><div><div class="custom-card-list"><article class="container-fluid large-promo themes_promo margin-sm-bottom border border_solid border_bottom border_color_grey_2"><div class="row text-align_left"><div class="col-sm-xl-12 flex-col"><a href="/culture/livres/ces-feroces-soldats-pour-lamere-patrie-20241129_K3OH3Q7GLVE5TGREX4VTRIDBJA/" title="«Ces féroces soldats» de Joël Egloff, pour l’amère patrie"><div><div class="sc-kSzVC sc-bxdjLI cSDozW ftfuWe"></div></div></a></div><div class="col-sm-xl-12 flex-col margin-xs-bottom"><a href="/culture/livres/ces-feroces-soldats-pour-lamere-patrie-20241129_K3OH3Q7GLVE5TGREX4VTRIDBJA/" class="Overline-sc-1o7iuj5-0 dCtggU">Roman</a><a href="/culture/livres/ces-feroces-soldats-pour-lamere-patrie-20241129_K3OH3Q7GLVE5TGREX4VTRIDBJA/" class="decoration_none color_grey_4" title="«Ces féroces soldats» de Joël Egloff, pour l’amère patrie"><h2 class="Headline-sc-16el3pa-0 hoFQxA font_lg-libe font_primary font_primary_spacing-0-6 font_normal margin-xs-bottom ">«Ces féroces soldats» de Joël Egloff, pour l’amère patrie</h2></a><div class="article-meta"><span class="font_xxs font_tertiary color_grey ">29 nov. 2024</span><span class="color_yellow_2 font_xxs font_tertiary margin-xs-left">abonnés</span></div></div></div></article></div></div></div><div class="ItemChainElement__ItemElementLayout-sc-1c74lbk-0 keBvAW col-sm-12 col-md-xl-4 layout-section"><div><div class="custom-card-list"><article class="container-fluid large-promo themes_promo margin-sm-bottom border border_solid border_bottom border_color_grey_2"><div class="row text-align_left"><div class="col-sm-xl-12 flex-col"><a href="/culture/livres/d-h-lawrence-la-sexualite-sociale-20241129_BD6KUZMKYJAX7C4XBTKPQHCIFQ/" title="D. H. Lawrence, la sexualité sociale"><div><div class="sc-kSzVC sc-bxdjLI cSDozW ftfuWe"></div></div></a></div><div class="col-sm-xl-12 flex-col margin-xs-bottom"><a href="/culture/livres/d-h-lawrence-la-sexualite-sociale-20241129_BD6KUZMKYJAX7C4XBTKPQHCIFQ/" class="Overline-sc-1o7iuj5-0 dCtggU">Réédition</a><a href="/culture/livres/d-h-lawrence-la-sexualite-sociale-20241129_BD6KUZMKYJAX7C4XBTKPQHCIFQ/" class="decoration_none color_grey_4" title="D. H. Lawrence, la sexualité sociale"><h2 class="Headline-sc-16el3pa-0 hoFQxA font_lg-libe font_primary font_primary_spacing-0-6 font_normal margin-xs-bottom ">D. H. 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class="sc-jwHExh hMZcIk"><div class="sc-jhRauI gnbSrH"><div color="#E60004" class="sc-iRaSfU gKKCcS">Littérature</div></div><div class="sc-jhRauI sc-KiOns gnbSrH hggVri"><h2 color="#1A1A1A" class="sc-iRaSfU ExWvp">«Question 7» : l’existence en questions de Richard Flanagan</h2></div><div class="sc-jhRauI gnbSrH"><div class="sc-cZbDLb iNhCDl"><div color="#A3A3A3" class="sc-iRaSfU sc-cKkZIC gpwLdt hURIox">29 nov. 2024</div><div color="#EEB54E" class="sc-iRaSfU gzQSYJ">Abonnés</div></div><div class="sc-cZbDLb iNhCDl"></div></div></div></div></div></a></article><hr class="CustomContentListItem__Divider-sc-2hcki7-1 kcHddm"/><article class="CustomContentListItem__Article-sc-2hcki7-0 euEONJ"><a href="/culture/livres/les-vies-multiples-de-william-d-bernard-malamud-remue-ciel-et-adultere-20241129_B237QYRSABGSHL4OWICZBA2RJY/" title="«Les Vies multiples de William D.» : Bernard Malamud remue ciel et adultère" class="CustomContentListItem__Link-sc-2hcki7-2 kPzBgo"><div class="sc-jwHExh fVfTac"><div class="sc-jhRauI hnifpl"></div><div class="sc-jhRauI bpFydt"><div direction="column" class="sc-jwHExh hMZcIk"><div class="sc-jhRauI gnbSrH"><div color="#E60004" class="sc-iRaSfU gKKCcS">Roman</div></div><div class="sc-jhRauI sc-KiOns gnbSrH hggVri"><h2 color="#1A1A1A" class="sc-iRaSfU ExWvp">«Les Vies multiples de William D.» : Bernard Malamud remue ciel et adultère</h2></div><div class="sc-jhRauI gnbSrH"><div class="sc-cZbDLb iNhCDl"><div color="#A3A3A3" class="sc-iRaSfU sc-cKkZIC gpwLdt hURIox">29 nov. 2024</div><div color="#EEB54E" class="sc-iRaSfU gzQSYJ">Abonnés</div></div><div class="sc-cZbDLb iNhCDl"></div></div></div></div></div></a></article><hr class="CustomContentListItem__Divider-sc-2hcki7-1 kcHddm"/><article class="CustomContentListItem__Article-sc-2hcki7-0 euEONJ"><a href="/culture/livres/lannee-a-treize-lunes-bartelt-de-gondole-20241129_UKIW3AGHQFCQJOPQQQY5Y5DAI4/" title="«L’Année à treize lunes» : Bartelt de gondole " 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2024</div></div><div class="sc-cZbDLb iNhCDl"></div></div></div></div></div></a></article><hr class="CustomContentListItem__Divider-sc-2hcki7-1 kcHddm"/><article class="CustomContentListItem__Article-sc-2hcki7-0 euEONJ"><a href="/culture/livres/respirer-pour-reparer-les-traumas-lidee-dun-poumon-vegetal-20241127_JCUWVPMLFZCONPJ43CIKTGHKYY/" title="Respirer : pour réparer les traumas, l’idée d’un «poumon végétal»" class="CustomContentListItem__Link-sc-2hcki7-2 kPzBgo"><div class="sc-jwHExh fVfTac"><div class="sc-jhRauI hnifpl"></div><div class="sc-jhRauI bpFydt"><div direction="column" class="sc-jwHExh hMZcIk"><div class="sc-jhRauI gnbSrH"><div color="#E60004" class="sc-iRaSfU gKKCcS">Libé des auteur·es jeunesse</div></div><div class="sc-jhRauI sc-KiOns gnbSrH hggVri"><h2 color="#1A1A1A" class="sc-iRaSfU ExWvp">Respirer : pour réparer les traumas, l’idée d’un «poumon végétal»</h2></div><div class="sc-jhRauI gnbSrH"><div class="sc-cZbDLb iNhCDl"><div color="#A3A3A3" class="sc-iRaSfU 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ExWvp">Utopie féministe, communauté imaginaire et écran de fumée des réseaux sociaux… 3 romans pour rêver en trois dimensions</h2></div><div class="sc-jhRauI gnbSrH"><div class="sc-cZbDLb iNhCDl"><div color="#A3A3A3" class="sc-iRaSfU sc-cKkZIC gpwLdt hURIox">27 nov. 2024</div><div color="#EEB54E" class="sc-iRaSfU gzQSYJ">Abonnés</div></div><div class="sc-cZbDLb iNhCDl"></div></div></div></div></div></a></article><hr class="CustomContentListItem__Divider-sc-2hcki7-1 kcHddm"/><article class="CustomContentListItem__Article-sc-2hcki7-0 euEONJ"><a href="/culture/livres/a-rennes-une-bibliotheque-hors-norme-pour-developper-le-livre-ensemble-20241127_2EQWM4XYEFCZ5HIQR475CSGHTA/" title="A Rennes, une bibliothèque hors norme pour développer le «livre-ensemble»" class="CustomContentListItem__Link-sc-2hcki7-2 kPzBgo"><div class="sc-jwHExh fVfTac"><div class="sc-jhRauI hnifpl"></div><div class="sc-jhRauI bpFydt"><div direction="column" class="sc-jwHExh hMZcIk"><div class="sc-jhRauI gnbSrH"><div 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<i>Libération</i> lui demanda <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/livres/2010/11/25/je-viens-d-un-monde-sans-art-mais-avec-des-histoires-a-n-en-plus-finir_696074/\" target=\"_blank\"><i>«Pourquoi écrivez-vous ?» </i>en 2010</a>,<i> </i>Richard Flanagan, pas réputé pour mâcher ses mots, eut la réponse suivante : <i>«Il n’y a pas de parce que. C’est ce que je suis. Ce à quoi je ne peux pas échapper.»</i> Remballez vos questions : ce descendant d’Irlandais exilés en Australie, petit-fils d’analphabètes, devenu un auteur mondialement connu (Man Booker Prize en 2014), décréta qu’il serait écrivain à l’âge de 4 ans, <i>«absurdement, grotesquement, et pour une raison que j’ai toujours ignorée, vu qu’à l’époque j’étais incapable d’écrire le moindre mot»,</i> lit-on maintenant dans son nouveau livre, le neuvième. Pourquoi devient-on écrivain ? <i>«C’est la vie»</i> s’entend-on également répéter tout du long du même texte, et il faudra entendre dans ce refrain du fatalisme, mais aussi de l’ironie ou de l’amertume : c’est la vie, et celle-ci nous laisse le plus souvent entre les mains des interrogations vouées à rester en suspens."},{"level":2,"_id":"YHAQCI6L65CXPBDO5CAYYNTOIM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732723050996},"type":"header","content":"Bifurcations et les allers-retours"},{"_id":"O2KTTRZDP5HODIWAI5ORS44LD4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732723050997},"type":"text","content":"Le titre <i>Question 7 </i>est un clin d’œil à une nouvelle de Tchekhov dans laquelle l’écrivain et dramaturge russe, alors débutant, interrogeait les conséquences de nos actes en parodiant les problèmes de calcul posés aux écoliers (soit un train devant <i>«partir de la gare A à 3 heures du matin pour arriver à la gare B à 11 heures du soir»,</i> etc.). Suivant le même principe, Flanagan accumule les données et avance par fragments, avec les bifurcations et les allers-retours qui sont sa manière de faire, et s’appuie sur une réaction en chaîne. Sa démonstration commence en 1913 par un baiser échangé entre H. G. Wells et une toute jeune <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/livres/2000/09/21/rebecca-west-temperament-balkanique_338017/\" target=\"_blank\">Rebecca West</a>, baiser sans lequel l’auteur de<i> la Machine à explorer le temps</i> n’aurait pas fui en Suisse pour écrire<i> la Destruction libératrice,</i> roman visionnaire sur la puissance nucléaire dont la lecture n’aurait pas poussé le physicien Leo Szilard à alerter Einstein, lequel n’aurait pas alors écrit à Roosevelt, qui lui-même n’aurait pas lancé dans la foulée le projet Manhattan, et sans projet Manhattan pas de bombe lâchée au-dessus d’Hiroshima, et sans bombe pas de libération de Flanagan père qui, prisonnier de guerre des Japonais, aurait sans doute péri en Asie – <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/livres/2016/01/08/flanagan-remonte-la-voie-ferree-de-la-mort_1425146/\" target=\"_blank\"><i>la Route étroite vers le Nord lointain</i></a><i>, </i>situé dans un camp de travail au Siam (l’ancien nom de la Thaïlande), s’inspirait de cet épisode –, et son fils Richard ne serait jamais né seize ans plus tard."},{"_id":"EYSITUF2CJGP7INDV6JRXCRCOM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732708469261},"type":"text","content":"Dans le précédent livre de Richard Flanagan, <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/culture/livres/richard-flanagan-une-femme-en-voie-de-disparition-20220403_6AH4Z2IWN5DCDGMYAMIOBRZMUY/\" target=\"_blank\"><i>Dans la mer vivante des rêves éveillés</i></a> (Actes Sud, 2022), une femme vivait, en miroir de l’urgence écologique, un effacement littéral et progressif de son propre corps, un membre après l’autre (comme les espèces disparaissent, nous disparaissons). A cette allégorie à large résonance s’ajoutait une dimension plus subjective, la femme en question faisant par ailleurs face à l’agonie sans fin de sa mère. <i>«S’il te plaît laisse-moi vivre avec toi», </i>lui demandait à un moment cette dernière. <i>«Et tel un monstre Anna dit non à sa mère.»</i> Il s’agissait là d’un roman, ce que <i>Question 7</i> n’est pas (au sens d’une pure fiction) – c’est plutôt un essai littéraire sur le sens de l’histoire et l’écriture, en même temps qu’une biographie familiale. Si certaines choses y sont imaginées (précision faite en «remerciements et sources»), sa trame est bien réelle, offerte par le récit collectif et personnel. A 90 ans passés – c’est l’un des fragments –, la mère de Flanagan supplia son fils de la laisser s’installer chez lui plutôt qu’en maison de retraite. <i>«Et moi, qui avais toujours cru que je dirais oui, j’ai dit non.»</i> D’où viennent les textes, à quoi tiennent-ils ? De quelles conséquences hasardeuses et de quelle matière intime sont-ils faits ? <i>«Il n’y a pas de souvenir sans honte.»</i>"},{"level":2,"_id":"XRNXUDBW6JGBBEIW3VH7IKFOPY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732708469262},"type":"header","content":"Pages étourdissantes et suffocantes"},{"_id":"XRNXUDBW6JGBBEIW3VH7IKFOPY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732708469262},"type":"text","content":"Richard Flanagan est né en 1961 en Tasmanie. Il vit toujours sur l’île australienne où se passent en général ses livres, depuis le premier, <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/livres/2002/08/22/j-irai-revoir-ma-tasmanie_413258/\" target=\"_blank\"><i>A contre-courant</i></a> (Flammarion, 2000), qui racontait la noyade d’un guide de rivière. A mesure que la mort approchait, le guide voyait un torrent de souvenirs remonter à la surface, jusqu’à avant sa naissance. Ce roman (<i>Death of a River Guide</i> en VO) était une version fictionnalisée d’un accident que l’écrivain a vécu à 21 ans, pris au piège sous une cascade dans un kayak pendant des heures, un accident si terrible, si limite, qu’il avait fallu s’en distancier. Il y revient ici, maintenant, dans des pages étourdissantes, suffocantes, à la fin de cette somme qui est aussi <i>«une lettre d’amour à mes parents et à mon île».</i> Pourquoi se confronter aujourd’hui au traumatisme ? Au <i>Guardian</i> lui posant la question, Flanagan a répondu : <i>«Un diagnostic erroné de démence précoce en 2022.»</i> Son médecin lui avait donné douze mois avant que la maladie se développe. Il a écrit ce texte pendant ce laps de temps, d’avril 2022 à juillet 2023. Finalement, aucun effondrement cognitif n’est à signaler, mais l’écrivain, dit-il, ne sait pas s’il écrira encore. Dans une certaine mesure, comprend-on, sa boucle est bouclée."},{"level":6,"_id":"GNOPY3AUWNHAZJFZDJXBBCIBQA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732708469263},"type":"header","content":"Richard Flanagan, <i>Question 7,</i> traduit de l’anglais (Australie) par Serge Chauvin. Actes Sud, 288 pp., 22,50 €."}],"subheadlines":{"basic":"Dans son neuvième livre, l’écrivain australien retrace l’histoire de sa famille en passant par H. G. Wells, Einstein et Hiroshima."},"description":{"basic":"Dans son neuvième livre, l’auteur irlandais retrace l’histoire de sa famille en passant par H. G. 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n’est pas forcément une ville faite pour l’amour. William Dubin, 56 ans, biographe d’écrivains et homme marié, y traîne dans les rues, une nuit des années 1970, après avoir bu un verre au Harry’s Bar. Sa femme, Kitty, est restée dans le Vermont. Celle qui l’accompagne, Fanny, a été pendant quelques jours leur femme de ménage. Un jour, elle s’est dénudée sous son nez, dans son bureau, tandis qu’il calait sur sa future biographie de <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/livres/2013/05/09/la-fureur-de-vie-de-dh-lawrence_901831/\" target=\"_blank\">D.H. Lawrence</a>, lequel avait une étrange vertu : il <i>«n’épargnait aucune mauvaise nouvelle à personne».</i> Lawrence n’épargne pas davantage au biographe son aspect raide, guindé, le fait qu’il soit un obstacle permanent à ceux qu’il attire : <i>«Est-ce la façon dont je travaille ou celle dont il m’élude ? Dubin avait l’impression d’être un sculpteur devant un bloc d’argile durcie.» </i>Le voici donc à Venise, avec Fanny, pour attaquer la romance. Elle a trente ans de moins que lui. Dubin lui parle des écrivains, des peintres qu’il aime. Il filtre tout ce qu’il vit et voit avec la vie de ceux qu’il a lus, sur qui il écrit. Mais les musées n’intéressent pas Fanny, les biographies d’écrivains non plus. Après le dîner, elle est restée à l’hôtel. Ils n’ont toujours pas couché ensemble, bien qu’ils soient là pour ça."},{"level":2,"_id":"XXX3R5SGWBFJBDVMXS63GSLRGE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732626917241},"type":"header","content":"Maladresse du vieux, naturel de la jeune"},{"_id":"GZB6PNKRE5FDFPKML4DXFLOVM4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732548309552},"type":"text","content":"Ce qui a eu lieu avant la promenade solitaire de William donne un bon aperçu du ton des <i>Vies multiples de William D.</i> (en anglais : <i>Dubin’s Lives</i>, c’est plus sobre), roman publié en 1979 par Bernard Malamud. Il avait 65 ans, il lui restait sept ans à vivre. Dubin et Fanny se déshabillent dans la chambre. Il a un maillot de corps. Elle : <i>«Pourquoi est-ce que tu t’embêtes à porter ça ?»</i> Lui : <i>«C’est ma femme qui les achète.»</i> Elle : <i>«Dis-lui de ne plus en acheter.»</i> Lui : <i>«C’est commode en hiver. C’est elle qui achète mes affaires. Moi, je déteste le faire.»</i> Elle : <i>«Je préférerais que tu ne l’encenses pas en ma présence.»</i> Le dialogue continue, entre maladresse du vieux, naturel de la jeune, comique de situation. Elle se baisse pour lui enlever ses chaussettes, <i>«il y eut un bruit de pet sonore» </i>et le lecteur se dit : tiens, le vieux a pété au mauvais moment. Or, surprise, c’est Fanny qui a pété : <i>«Elle se précipita en hoquetant dans la salle de bain, tira la chasse.</i>"},{"_id":"FMWXRZ5R2VFTTNLRKFRJHH6F3Q","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732548309553},"type":"text","content":"<i>Cinq minutes plus tard, et comme elle ne répondait pas quand Dubin frappa à la porte, il tourna la poignée et jeta un regard circonspect à l’intérieur.»</i> Fanny se tient près de la cuvette, «<i>une traînée de diarrhée dégoulinant le long de ses jambes, puis elle vomit bruyamment. Il la nettoie, elle sanglote, «alors il lui lava les jambes et les fesses avec une serviette imprégnée d’eau chaude et de savon, sans parvenir à éradiquer l’odeur de la maladie.</i>"},{"_id":"JYWVV342HZA7DM45FDKYBN55XY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732548309554},"type":"text","content":"<i>Le biographe pensa à ce qu’avait dit Yeats à propos de l’édification de l’amour sur l’autel des excréments ; mais ça ne lui apporta pas grand-chose.»</i> L’auteur fait allusion à un poème de l’écrivain irlandais, <i>Crazy Jane parle avec l’évêque</i>, où on lit ces vers : <i>«Une femme peut être fière et rigide /Lorsqu’elle a des intentions amoureuses ; /Mais l’amour a installé sa demeure /sur l’autel des excréments ; /Car rien ne peut être unique ou entier /Qui n’a pas été loué.» </i>William a nettoyé et bordé Fanny comme si c’était sa fille, Maud, qu’il a cru voir dans la rue, un peu plus tôt, au bras d’un homme beaucoup plus âgé qu’elle. Mais que ferait Maud à Venise, alors qu’elle étudie à Berkeley ? William regarde Fanny au lit, calcule la différence d’âge. Il se sent coupable, se rassure, se disculpe et conclut : <i>«A chacun de vos actes, la vie répond par une farce grotesque.» </i>Ce mélange du trivial et du raffiné, cette tragicomédie de l’existence et de la sexualité, du malentendu et du vieillissement, cette finesse de langue confrontée aux pulsions du corps et aux couacs de l’esprit, on les connaît : elles culminent sur les deux autres pointes de ce triangle des lettres américaines que forment, avec Malamud, <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/culture/2005/04/07/saul-bellow-ame-qui-vive_515600/\" target=\"_blank\">Saul Bellow</a> et <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/planete/2018/05/23/l-ecrivain-americain-philip-roth-est-mort_1651975/\" target=\"_blank\">Philip Roth</a>.<i> Les vies multiples de William D., </i>dont le titre de travail était<i> The Juggler (le Jongleur)</i>, fait écho aux univers et à la matière des deux autres, qu’il connaissait fort bien.<i> </i>On est toujours quelque part entre la rue, le lit, la bibliothèque, le divan et le cirque. Et ça danse."},{"level":2,"_id":"YBLE52FBEJEO7IP2VS7UTDCFCY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732548309556},"type":"header","content":"Fils fantomatique"},{"_id":"AMBTMB46PZGWDKQDCESOWG532M","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732548309555},"type":"text","content":"Quand il était jeune, après la mort de sa mère folle, Dubin<i> «ne semblait pas savoir que faire de lui-même. Si votre train est sur de mauvais rails, chaque gare où vous vous arrêtez est la mauvaise gare». </i>Dans Venise vidée par la nuit, tandis que Fanny dort, il parle au fantôme de son père, un serveur qui ne riait jamais et qui est mort depuis longtemps, laissons-le se présenter à lui et à nous : <i>«Papa […], je suis biographe. Je veux que tu saches que le président Johnson – lui non plus n’était pas de ton temps – m’a remis une médaille pour un livre que j’ai écrit sur quelqu’un qui s’appelait </i><a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/plus/speciaux-cahier-ete/henry-david-thoreau-heraut-mais-pas-heros-20220727_JMWAJF7XEFHBPF2N5QKD4LLG3M/\" target=\"_blank\"><i>Henry Thoreau</i></a><i>, un homme à l’âme immense qui vivait dans la nature. C’est ce que je fais : j’écris des livres sur les vies des hommes. […] La médaille de la liberté m’a été décernée pour mon talent.» </i>Le fantôme du père lui répond :<i> «Ça aurait été mieux si tu l’avais reçue du président Roosevelt.» </i>Le temps est différent dans la vie intérieure, comme dans les romans. Il crée ses frontières pour mieux les passer. Dans la vie extérieure, c’est la guerre du Vietnam. Le fils que Kitty a eu d’un premier mariage, que Dubin a élevé, a déserté et fuit à Stockholm. Ils n’ont plus de nouvelles. Ils en auront, car que faire quand tout foire à Venise ? Aller en Suède. A la recherche du fils adoptif, tout aussi fantomatique, qui finira mal chez les Russes. Et en profiter pour tomber dans la nuit, sous la pluie, et se faire mal aux genoux."},{"_id":"YBLE52FBEJEO7IP2VS7UTDCFCY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732548309556},"type":"text","content":"Dubin avait commencé par écrire des nécrologies dans les journaux : <i>«Le rédacteur en chef lui avait demandé d’insister sur les belles carrières, mais il s’arrangeait parfois pour faire passer une vie ratée.»</i> La vie de Dubin est-elle réussie ? Une phrase de Freud, sur le mensonge de toute biographie, lui a donné un coup sur la tête. S’en est-il remis ? Se remet-il de vieillir, de la tristesse, de mentir à sa femme qui ne ment pas ? Ce qu’on saura de son passé, de son va-et-vient entre Kitty et Fanny, se reflétera dans le miroir de la biographie de Lawrence, des vies célèbres qu’il a écrites. Un post-scriptum dresse la liste de ses œuvres. Après <i>la Passion de D.H. Lawrence : une vie</i>, il a publié<i> l’Art de la biographie</i>, puis, avec sa fille Maud, <i>Anna Freud</i>. On ne sait pas quand il est mort. Il a fallu cinq ans à Malamud pour écrire sa vie. Il avait d’abord songé à en faire un violoncelliste. Un musicien est moins bavard qu’un écrivain : il y aurait eu moins de longueurs, une soumission moins visible à la psychanalyse et à l’autobiographie. C’est sans importance : le récit transcende les lourdeurs que la vie charrie. Le 25 mars 1979, Saul Bellow écrit à Malamud à propos de son livre : <i>«J’ai été heureux de le recevoir, enchanté d’être transporté, par une belle écriture, par l’intelligence, le style, vers un monde mieux articulé et ordonné que celui où j’ai vécu jusqu’ici. Un livre de premier ordre développe en moi des organes qui restaient cachés ou aveugles. Je </i>vois<i> mieux depuis que j’ai lu Dubin.»</i>"},{"level":6,"_id":"OG3GASOOHFBTJKACDJICMSUILA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732548309557},"type":"header","content":"Bernard Malamud, <i>les Vies multiples de William D. </i>traduit de l’anglais (Etats-Unis) par Olga Féodoroff, Edition révisée par Hélène Cohen, Rivages, 575 pp, 25 € ebook : 18,99 €)."}],"subheadlines":{"basic":"Réédition du roman de l’écrivain américain retraçant la romance à Venise d’un biographe avec une femme de trente ans sa cadette."},"description":{"basic":"Réédition du roman de l’écrivain américain retraçant la romance à Venise d’un biographe avec une femme de trente ans sa cadette."},"language":"","source":{"system":"composer","name":"liberation","source_type":"staff"},"taxonomy":{"primary_site":{"path":"/culture/livres","parent_id":"/culture","name":"Livres","description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité littéraire : critiques et nouveautés livres, le cahier livres, nos 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un journal qui ne ressemble à rien qu’on ait déjà lu. Peut-être parce que ce n’est pas un journal ? Franz Bartelt note le 3 novembre 2000 : <i>«Ces cahiers ne constituent pas un journal, mais un roman.» </i>Et encore, poursuit-il : <i>«Ce n’est pas le roman de ma vie, mais le roman de mon écriture – c’est-à-dire le roman d’une tentative, d’une épreuve prorogée quotidiennement.» </i>Cette année-là, 2000, cela fait quinze ans que Franz Bartelt monte travailler chaque jour dans son bureau, très tôt le matin, à l’heure où il rentrait se coucher quand il faisait les 3×8 à l’usine. Mars : <i>«Le coq dort encore. Quand le jour se montrera, les cygnes commenceront à frapper l’eau des étangs de leur battement puissant, qui ne les élève jamais.»</i>"},{"_id":"KVKIVTLJDJGHPFQHWQJ4FEV7YE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[{"date":"2024-11-27T10:26:51.675Z","start":236,"end":249,"text":"l'apostrophe n'est pas une coquille, c'est comme ça que ça s'écrit","user":"David Darloy","email":"d.darloy@liberation.fr"},{"date":"2024-11-27T10:27:49.899Z","start":1055,"end":1120,"text":"guil","user":"David Darloy","email":"d.darloy@liberation.fr"}],"_id":1732702644985},"type":"text","content":"<a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/culture/livres/franz-bartelt-la-vie-en-prose-20240419_2VMB5KYWGZAOXGMZIORMQDHLBU/\" target=\"_blank\">Bartelt, romancier renommé</a> (<i>le Jardin du bossu</i>, <i>le Costume</i> et 50 autres) ne croise ici aucune célébrité que le lecteur pourrait reconnaître. A part une visite à <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/livres/2001/06/21/la-derniere-biere-de-blavier_368779/\" target=\"_blank\">André Blavier</a>, ami de <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/livres/2002/05/16/queneau-pleine-peau_403746/\" target=\"_blank\">Raymond Queneau</a>, membre de <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/livres/2014/11/21/l-oulipo-dans-une-forme-oulipique_1147974/\" target=\"_blank\">l’Oulipo</a> et du Collège de ‘Pataphysique, on cherchera en vain l’anecdote mondaine. Notre homme debout à l’aube devant sa fenêtre ouverte, citoyen du nord et de la pluie (on ne quitte pas les Ardennes), est sans ambition sociale. Il est intarissable sur les riches (les tyrans, les exploiteurs, ce genre de sous-catégorie) et les pauvres, lui-même se rangeant parmi les seconds, issu d’une lignée d’ouvriers et de paysans. Ce qu’il revendique : <i>«Juste un goût sans folie pour les choses de la vie, les bonnes comme les moins bonnes […].» </i>Viennent sous sa plume l’enfant, le chien, le grand-père et leur rituel les jours d’école, <i>«le Tatard»</i> chez qui les huissiers ont saisi des monceaux d’ordure. Parfois c’est une nouvelle en trois lignes : <i>«Un vieux de la rue s’approche du chantier ouvert par les voisins qui agrandissent leur maison et dit : “Je regarde. C’est pas par curiosité, c’est seulement pour voir.”»</i> Parfois, une patronne de bistrot se lance dans un monologue sur les blondes."},{"level":2,"_id":"ZGW6KHRK5JHUHIYYMBHAF2IH7Q","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732702644987},"type":"header","content":"Idioties à la radio et de jolies choses dans le paysage"},{"_id":"TVWIK3O2B5FLNHP5KB5PIJDISI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732702644986},"type":"text","content":"Les bars sont des endroits de choix pour le détecteur de fumet. Les alcooliques sont nombreux, discutant des mérites comparés de la bière et du vin. Les buveurs belges, la soif étanchée de bonne heure, se distinguent des Français pour qui boire et manger sont associés. Franz Bartelt n’a pas l’opprobre facile. Mais quand il met en scène un barbecue ou une visite à l’hôpital, si les femmes trinquent quand les maris sont saouls, il fait comprendre où va son antipathie."},{"_id":"ZGW6KHRK5JHUHIYYMBHAF2IH7Q","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732702644987},"type":"text","content":"On attrape quelques rares bribes autobiographiques, notamment sur l’enfer que les curés promettaient naguère. Mariage, enfant : Bartelt est muet sur son entourage. Il aime les émissions de télé-achat, le chocolat, les cèpes, les livres, Chirac tout en étant à gauche, commente l’actualité, attrape des idioties à la radio et de jolies choses dans le paysage, ne jette pas les convocations aux visites médicales passées. On aligne cette liste, elle est banale. Sous sa plume, la banalité dérape, décolle, décape. Quand il décrit une vente de porcelaine de Limoges, c’est comme s’il sortait son carnet de croquis. L’auteur ne s’exclut pas du tableau, pour lui l’artiste et le romancier doivent être de plain-pied avec la communauté. Il sort faire des courses. <i>«Au supermarché, hier, pas une tête sympathique. […] Au tournant d’une cabine d’essayage, poussant mon chariot vers la boulangerie, une glace m’a renvoyé mon image. Franchement, je ne déparais pas dans le groupe. La foule des affreux grouillait autour de moi et je réalisais que je me trouvais juste dans mon élément, parmi les miens, en toute fraternité.»</i>"},{"level":2,"_id":"ELEPC4D35RBUHNMGTN2T7AB3EY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732704544520},"type":"header","content":"«Folie des vaches et des assiettes»"},{"_id":"ELEPC4D35RBUHNMGTN2T7AB3EY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732704544521},"type":"text","content":"L’an dernier paraissait <i>Almanach des uns, des unes et des autres</i>, une anthologie puisée dans les cahiers 1984-1999 de Franz Bartelt. <i>L’Année à treize lunes</i>, soit 2000 au jour le jour (enfin presque, car des petits bouts de calendrier passent à l’as) prend le relais. Il y aura un volume pour chaque année suivante, entreprise éditoriale menée par <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/culture/livres/lediteur-david-vincent-inconditionnel-de-franz-bartelt-20240419_WOTXWMGDA5HNHMGVPBVVSCADLY/\" target=\"_blank\">L’Arbre vengeur</a>. En 2000 meurent <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/societe/2000/03/11/lolo-noyait-son-mal-de-vivre-dans-ses-folies-eric-vigne-52-ans-mari-et-agent-de-l-actrice-decedee-po_318156/\" target=\"_blank\">Lolo Ferrari</a>, <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/livres/2000/05/22/barbara-cartland-la-fin-d-un-roman-a-l-eau-de-rose-l-ecrivain-britannique-specialiste-des-histoires-_326040/\" target=\"_blank\">Barbara Cartland</a>, <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/livres/2000/06/09/c-etait-au-temps-du-rififi-et-du-grisbi_329426/\" target=\"_blank\">Frédéric Dard</a>. Eddy Merckx offre un vélo à Jean-Paul II. Il faut des cassettes de nettoyage pour les magnétoscopes. Mais on n’est pas dépaysé. 29 novembre : <i>«Cette année à treize lunes ne nous apporte que des surprises. Pas de président pour les Etats-Unis</i> [ce sera Bush, ndlr], <i>la folie des vaches et des assiettes, des inondations et des orages comme on n’en a jamais vus, quelques guerres sans solutions décisives, partout une haine qui grandit sans objet solide, sinon le besoin presque vital de haïr, des agressions, des morts violentes, des crimes en avalanches, de nouvelles maladies, des mœurs qui se renouvellent.»</i>"},{"level":6,"_id":"5FV2IVC3GFB3NMJR2GVNXUQ4ZE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732702644989},"type":"header","content":"Franz Bartelt, <i>l’Année à treize lunes</i>. L’Arbre vengeur, 340 pp., 23€."}],"subheadlines":{"basic":"En publiant ses écrits de l’an 2000, l’écrivain ardennais Franz Bartelt sort le premier tome de son journal."},"description":{"basic":"En publiant ses écrits de l’an 2000, l’écrivain ardennais Franz Bartelt sort le premier tome de son journal."},"language":"","source":{"system":"composer","name":"liberation","source_type":"staff"},"taxonomy":{"primary_site":{"path":"/culture/livres","parent_id":"/culture","name":"Livres","description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité littéraire : critiques et nouveautés livres, le cahier livres, nos rencontres et interviews d'auteurs.","_id":"/culture/livres","additional_properties":{"original":{"parent":{"footer2":"/culture","default":"/culture","footer":null,"burgermenu":"/culture","amp-menu":"/culture","headernav":"/culture"},"site":{"pagebuilder_path_for_native_apps":null,"site_url":null,"site_keywords":null,"site_about":null,"site_description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité littéraire : 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Gallimard, 80 pp., 12 € (ebook : 8,49 €)"},{"_id":"H6MLELZ6ZNC27DOYLHXCD7M7PQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732731947061},"type":"text","content":"Marigold et Rose sont jumelles et toutes petites (autour d’un an). Avant qu’elles viennent au monde, leurs parents ignoraient tout des jumeaux : ils <i>«s’attendaient à avoir deux fois le même bébé, comme deux fois le même plat au restaurant», </i>or leurs filles sont aussi différentes que la nuit et le jour. <i>«Tout le monde comprenait que Marigold vivait dans sa tête et que Rose vivait dans le monde.» </i>Quand l’une apprend à communiquer, l’autre apprend à observer. <i>«C’était une excellente observatrice.» </i>A bien y regarder, Marigold est aussi une image de l’écrivaine, renvoyée à la <i>«langue rêvée» </i>selon l’expression de la traductrice Marie Olivier en postface, <i>«celle qui ne parle pas mais s’écrit, et qui est la langue de la littérature». </i>Avec toujours ce curieux mélange qui lui est propre de banalité et d’ampleur (dire presque rien, ouvrir des abîmes de réflexion), l’unique texte en prose, à hauteur d’enfant, de la poétesse américaine nobelisée en 2020 et décédée en 2023. <b>T.St.</b>"},{"level":2,"_id":"UKWZWL2NR5FNJBGI2LU6YKVXF4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732731947062},"type":"header","content":"Jaap Robben, <i>Au crépuscule</i>"},{"level":6,"_id":"MQC3X7IJUVFQPKH5TS6PVKTDXQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732731947063},"type":"header","content":"Traduit du néerlandais par Guillaume Deneufbourg, Gallmeister, 416 pp., 24,90€ (ebook : 15,99€)."},{"_id":"OH7DHD6VG5FZVKYHJHODT5CU2I","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732731947064},"type":"text","content":"Aux Pays-Bas, de nos jours : «Au crépuscule» de sa vie, Frieda se souvient comme le monde lui avait alors paru plus beau quand en 1963 elle avait rencontré Otto. Il était lépidoptériste, autant dire qu’il consacrait sa vie à l’éphémère, étrange paradoxe à valeur d’avertissement puisqu’il avait disparu lorsque Frieda avait accouché de leur enfant ; Otto était marié et ne quitterait jamais sa femme. Ce fut alors pour Frieda le début d’un véritable parcours du combattant. C’est cela que raconte le roman : l’extrême violence et l’inhumanité féroce de la société pour les jeunes filles des années 1960 enceintes et non mariées. Les parents, l’institution religieuse et ses bonnes sœurs à la limite du sadisme, les amis, les logeuses, partout on les rejette. Bien plus tard, Frieda a refait sa vie mais il lui restera un chapitre essentiel à écrire pour clore ce passé de douleur. <b>N.A.</b>"},{"level":3,"_id":"CZCUIYLIORH3TPMWPJM646TCUU","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732720231483},"alignment":"left","type":"header","content":"Récit"},{"level":2,"_id":"MBPIQYF23RH2JHTIJEWTYSZANA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732720231484},"alignment":"left","type":"header","content":"Sarah Stern, <i>les Patientes</i>"},{"level":6,"_id":"LONRR42S2FBW7D7LCYH22T3U4Y","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732731947067},"type":"header","content":"Des femmes-Antoinette Fouque, 170 pp., 15 € (ebook : 10,99€)."},{"_id":"TMCDEDBJFFF7TADKRPP5ZDWHDU","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732731947068},"type":"text","content":"Pendant douze ans, la psychiatre et psychanalyste Sarah Stern a travaillé dans une maternité de Saint-Denis. Le travail de celle qui s’est fait connaître avec <i>Déshabillez-moi</i>. Psychanalyse des comportements vestimentaires, co-écrit avec Catherine Joubert, consistait à écouter les femmes qu’on lui adressait, des patientes <i>«aux prises avec le déplacement, l’exil, la condition d’étrangère», </i>souvent en grande détresse. De cette expérience, elle a tiré un récit magnifique, d’une délicatesse et pudeur infinie, qui entremêle des fragments de cure, une réflexion sur sa pratique et une traversée de la psychiatrie depuis les années 1960. <i>«Ce texte plaide pour que se poursuive ce tissage du travail de parole avec celui de suivi médical de la grossesse», </i>écrit l’autrice, rappelant que pour ces patientes issues de l’immigration, l’hôpital a aussi une <i>«fonction d’intégration» </i>en ce qu’il les désigne comme <i>«sujets de droit». </i>Hélas, <i>«la psychiatrie que j’ai apprise et à laquelle je me réfère est aujourd’hui désuète». </i>Le soin psychique à l’hôpital, où triomphe une approche scientifique qui considère le patient <i>«comme un objet d’étude et non un sujet aux prises avec des symptômes», </i>semble <i>«presque une incongruité». </i>Si bien que ce livre constitue <i>«un témoignage, déjà une archive et un plaidoyer». </i><b>E.S.</b>"},{"level":3,"_id":"Z5EO6IRZTJD4NFSIBMH33X42HU","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732720231487},"alignment":"left","type":"header","content":"Essai"},{"level":2,"_id":"UIVQ5NWPUJDV5HMCWJQNRNVTLQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732720231488},"alignment":"left","type":"header","content":"Benjamin Leclercq, <i>le Fantôme de l’architecte</i>"},{"level":6,"_id":"LIFBPZG3FJDZ3DHY43VABGR6CQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732791473675},"type":"header","content":"Parenthèses, 190 pp., 24 €."},{"_id":"YPM6SS34X5FIPGJ6DOBLMYNQIE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732791473676},"type":"text","content":"De l’architecture moderne, on ne retient évidemment que les réalisations abouties. Bâtiments hors-normes, audacieux et futuristes ; dans lesquels le béton, le verre ou l’acier semblent défier la gravité en jouant avec la lumière et le vent ; et que promeuvent quelques grands noms de la profession. Benjamin Leclercq, journaliste à <i>Libération</i>, spécialiste de ces dossiers et lui-même issu d’une famille d’architectes, s’est paradoxalement intéressé à toutes les réalisations qui n’ont jamais vu le jour. Dans <i>le Fantôme de l’architecte</i>, il a ainsi choisi d’écrire les histoires de dix grands ratés. Dix jolis textes, romanesques et documentés, pour raconter un hôtel dans le désert américain, une pyramide au Burkina Faso, des vaisseaux de pierres en Inde, une ville nouvelle au Japon… Autant de projets à peine sortis de terre ou restés à jamais à l’état de chimères. <b>F.D.</b>"},{"level":2,"_id":"VPGUJR7WZVFCVHGIDNCQCVWPFQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732791473677},"type":"header","content":"Louis Quéré, <i>Avoir confiance</i>"},{"level":6,"_id":"TWLHYW5HDNGWLOLRF3BBPLHVHA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732791473678},"type":"header","content":"Puf, 408 pp., 25 €"},{"_id":"IH52I4XUING5RJ7PQJ3BIWK7K4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732791473679},"type":"text","content":"Sans la confiance, on ne saurait que faire. On se méfierait de tous, ami(e) s, parents, enfants, collègues, on douterait de tout, de la nourriture qu’on achète, des panneaux qui indiquent les directions, des résultas des analyses de sang, de la fiabilité des freins de la voiture… Il faut donc bien que la confiance «soit là», qu’elle ne soit pas tout à fait phagocytée par la défiance et la méfiance. Or il n’est pas rare aujourd’hui de parler de «crise de la confiance», de façon d’ailleurs légitime si on tient compte de l’essor du doute, du <i>«développement de la culture de la suspicion, dont le complotisme est l’une des manifestations». </i>Qu’en est-il au juste ? La réponse est dans l’ouvrage dense, nuancé et instructif de Louis Quéré, sociologue, directeur de recherche au CNRS (auteur, entre autres, de la Fabrique des émotions, en 2021, et d’Il n’y a pas de cerveau des émotions, en 2023), lequel, tenant d’une main l’étude des antonymes de la confiance, ou ses ennemis <i>(«la production culturelle de l’ignorance»), </i>établit de l’autre la distinction entre <i>«crise de la confiance» </i>et <i>«crise de la déférence», </i>introduit dans les analyses les notions de reconnaissance, d’engagement, de <i>«certitude subjective», </i>d’émotion, d’attente, passe la confiance au prisme de la psychologie, de la philosophie, et aussi de <i>«la théorie des jeux et des neurosciences», </i>et définit avec précision les conditions qui <i>«doivent être satisfaites pour qu’un cadre fiduciaire fonctionne». </i><b>R.M.</b>"},{"level":2,"_id":"6DRJ3POUKBHSJACT3Q263SPFTI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732791473680},"type":"header","content":"Louise Van Brabant, <i>Laura Palmer, la femme aux miroirs</i>"},{"level":6,"_id":"LBK3IAJE4NEIBFR3T7WS2SQVQY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732791473681},"type":"header","content":"<i>Les Impressions nouvelles «La fabrique des héros», 120 pp., 13 €.</i>"},{"_id":"DMO4AWL5BNE55FI3MRSAHNON7M","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732791473682},"type":"text","content":"Quelques notes de synthé, une route de montagne, une cascade et une fille retrouvée morte sur le rivage, emmaillotée dans du plastique. Au début des années 1990, par l’avènement d’une série télé mi-<i>freaks </i>mi-<i>soap</i>, le monde entier se posa une question : «Qui a tué Laura Palmer ?»<i> </i>Nombre d’entre nous connaissent désormais la réponse, mais cela n’empêche pas le mystère de subsister. Car <i>Twin Peaks</i>, en creux, en multipliant les doubles et les faux-semblants, recelait une deuxième interrogation, plus cryptique, à laquelle s’attaque Louise Van Barbant (avec trois saisons et un film en bagage) : qui est Laura Palmer ? Entre autres une Ophélie, une Marilyn, une <i>scream queen</i>, une <i>final girl</i>, <i>«le début et la fin de toutes choses», «la carte et la clé», </i>une figure composite, une projection. Une lecture féministe, écoféministe, et même queer, de l’œuvre de David Lynch. <b>T.St.</b>"},{"level":3,"_id":"KNJARUZDIRCXRH3Y5P7JZUNZT4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732791473683},"type":"header","content":"Histoire littéraire"},{"level":2,"_id":"TUTLUHXPIVER7MOAPNKCXNHY6I","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732791473684},"type":"header","content":"Valérie André, Paul Aron, Jean-Didier Wagneur, <i>Abécédaire Monselet</i>"},{"level":6,"_id":"FMJOL5CFRNBBPPAYJPEE3AUAWM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732791473685},"type":"header","content":"Avec la collaboration de Françoise Cestor. Du Lérot éditeur, 360 pp., 45 €."},{"_id":"OB5J4S4GVVGODG6D3PEIU3F6HE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732791473686},"type":"text","content":"Autodidacte érudit, catholique conservateur mais journaliste anticonformiste, poète et pasticheur, Charles Monselet (1825-1888) reste <i>«le plus célèbre des écrivains français oubliés». </i>C’est un créateur dont l’œuvre paraît dans la presse. Il publie des saynètes dans <i>le Figaro</i>, des biographies dans <i>l’Echo de Paris</i>, qui nourriront un livre, <i>la Lorgnette littéraire</i>. On y lit ce conseil : <i>«Selon moi, ce qu’un jeune écrivain doit d’abord se hâter de faire dès ses débuts, c’est d’exprimer son opinion nette et franche sur les hommes importants de son époque. Plus tard, il ne le pourrait plus. Plus tard, les amitiés, les convenances et les intérêts l’entoureront d’un réseau difficile à déchirer.» </i>Gastronome, amateur de bordeaux pour raisons familiales, il a le visage avenant et <i>«rondelet», </i>comme l’a immortalisé une photo de son ami Carjat. Les «mots» de Monselet font rire le Second Empire. A propos d’un fait divers, un père ayant fait cuire dans un chaudron l’enfant qu’il avait eu de sa fille : <i>«Qui prétendait que chez les pauvres, avoir beaucoup d’enfants ne faisait pas bouillir la marmite ?» </i>Lui-même père de quatre enfants, Monselet demeura un <i>«prolétaire des lettres». </i>Jean-Didier Wagneur, l’un des auteurs de l’Abécédaire, collabore aux pages livres de <i>Libération</i>. <b>Cl.D.</b>"},{"level":3,"_id":"SAPSF5EAEBAFDE5Q4IRQUF7AZY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732791473687},"type":"header","content":"Bande dessinée"},{"level":2,"_id":"WIOVXUDSIJBONMPF645ZA6KXC4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732812346322},"type":"header","content":"Coco, <i>Pauvres Bêtes</i>"},{"level":6,"_id":"BSS3345JJNECTNV2SUYBI6CDHA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732812346323},"type":"header","content":"Les Echappées, 136 pp., 25 €."},{"_id":"PGUZSOS54BG43O5NIORH4XPTU4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732812346324},"type":"text","content":"Comment défendre les animaux faute de pouvoir leur donner un crayon afin de témoigner de leurs souffrances ? En se foutant de la gueule de celles et ceux qui les maltraitent, voire les trucident, répond en partie Coco – <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/culture/bd/coco-les-feuilles-fortes-20210330_AGGR5LTLAVDYVOXAGGTG4D64FE/\" target=\"_blank\">de <i>Libé </i>et <i>Charlie Hebdo </i></a>– dans <i>Pauvres Bêtes</i>, voyage indigné d’une journaliste aux côtés des autres qu’humains – et des humains qui les protègent (centres de soin et refuges, Ligue de protection des oiseaux, douaniers, etc). Avec la passion d’une «naturaliste» qui n’a pas pu le devenir, l’autrice de <i>Dessiner encore </i>vagabonde dans les méandres de la cruauté ordinaire envers les animaux (lors d’une corrida à Nîmes, au Marineland d’Antibes ou au tribunal de Troyes) en ridiculisant leurs tortionnaires. La satire est sensible et documentée. Mais surtout évite l’écueil de l’anthropomorphisme dans la représentation de nos semblables de poils, plumes et écailles. 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saison des récompenses littéraires se poursuit. Après le <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/culture/livres/miguel-bonnefoy-remporte-le-prix-femina-2024-pour-le-reve-du-jaguar-20241105_XGEV3Z5NBFHXTPUUOJ72646FGE/\" target=\"_blank\">Femina</a>, le <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/culture/livres/le-renaudot-est-attribue-a-gael-faye-pour-son-roman-jacaranda-20241104_6CF23RZY5RGFHPONP6QTH3EMNM/\" target=\"_blank\">Renaudot</a> et le <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/culture/livres/kamel-daoud-laureat-du-goncourt-hip-hip-hip-houris-20241104_XBGNUGHE7VCWVBXY3HFSZBF6GQ/\" target=\"_blank\">Goncourt</a>, voici venu le temps de son petit frère, le Goncourt des lycéens. Au terme de plusieurs mois de sélection, il a finalement été décerné à Sandrine Collette pour son roman <i>Madelaine avant l’Aube</i>, à Rennes le jeudi 28 novembre. Elle succède à <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/culture/livres/le-goncourt-des-lyceens-2023-attribue-a-neige-sinno-pour-triste-tigre-20231123_BIEVUWBMXJFVRI7HANWDKWX6O4/\" target=\"_blank\">Neige Sinno, lauréate en 2023 pour son livre «Triste tigre» (P.O.L)</a>, un récit sur l’inceste également récompensé par le prix Femina."},{"_id":"HJKAA2A3DFFADJGKVFTDK5WV7Q","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732790136058},"type":"text","content":"Le dernier roman de Sandrine Collette, <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/culture/madelaine-avant-laube-lenfant-sauvage-de-sandrine-collette-20241102_SBNQMYNYZVCNXN7QADFOVDTYIM/\" target=\"_blank\"><i>Madelaine avant l’aube</i></a>, a des allures de chronique paysanne sombre. Polar bucolique, il se centre sur le curieux personnage de Madelaine, un enfant sauvage qui fait irruption d’un bois un jour sans prévenir, et s’immisce dans les foyers de familles pauvres vivant dans une campagne désolée. L’apparition de la petite fille vient questionner l’ordre des choses."},{"level":2,"_id":"URG6Y77LEFADFODIIMRZAFW45A","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732790136065},"type":"header","content":"Deuxième prix le plus vendu"},{"_id":"X3RAXXWRAJASFOCT4WZVSWJ2L4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732790136066},"type":"text","content":"Cinq finalistes étaient en lice pour la dernière sélection de ce prix, très prescripteur en termes de ventes. Parmi eux, Sandrine Collette donc pour <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/culture/madelaine-avant-laube-lenfant-sauvage-de-sandrine-collette-20241102_SBNQMYNYZVCNXN7QADFOVDTYIM/\" target=\"_blank\"><i>Madelaine avant l’aube</i></a>, Emmanuelle Bayamack-Tam et son sulfureux roman<i> Le Club des enfants perdus</i>, Thibault de Montaigu avec <i>Cœur</i>, <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/livres/2017/01/05/abdellah-taia-paria-gagne_1539324/\" target=\"_blank\">Abdellah Taïa</a> et son livre poignant, <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/culture/livres/abdellah-taia-lodeur-de-leucalyptus-pile-20240913_GMF5DT7MZBBR3D3CDIMGGYMT44/\" target=\"_blank\"><i>le Bastion des larmes</i>, </a>dans lequel il évoque les discriminations des homosexuels dans son pays natal, et Olivier Norek, qui a délaissé son genre habituel, pour <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/culture/avec-les-guerriers-de-lhiver-dolivier-norek-voyage-en-guerre-dhiver-20241011_H54M4YZOUFGQJGBTUGBYT22VQM/\" target=\"_blank\"><i>les Guerriers de l’hiver.</i></a>"},{"_id":"ACGXRS7CZBGQRDDAON22XO5NYI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732787972282},"type":"text","content":"Traditionnellement annoncé à Rennes, ce petit frère du Goncourt a été créé en 1988. 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</b><a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/tags/romans-policiers-polars-et-thrillers/\"><u><b>sur cette page</b></u></a><b> toute l’actualité du polar et les livres qui ont tapé dans l’œil de Libé. Et abonnez-vous à la newsletter Libé Polar </b><a href=\"https://offre.liberation.fr/libepolar\"><b>en cliquant ici.</b></a>"},{"_id":"VV24YOJSOBHFRCSD5CCKEWW4RE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732707217326},"type":"text","content":"Si vous faites partie de celles et ceux qui sont restés scotchés devant <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/images/2020/04/05/le-bureau-des-legendes-la-cle-des-mensonges_1784258/\" target=\"_blank\"><i>le Bureau des légendes</i></a>, le charme obscur de Malotru et la gouaille de Marie-Jeanne Duthilleul, alors vous allez adorer <i>les Mouettes</i>, le formidable roman d’espionnage écrit par Thomas Cantaloube dans l’univers de la série réalisée par Eric Rochant. Et si vous êtes passé à côté du <i>Bureau des légendes</i>, ce n’est pas grave, ce sera l’occasion de vous rattraper. Ce roman noir nous plonge dans les arcanes de la DGSE (Direction générale de la Sécurité extérieure), et notamment au cœur du célèbre service Action, dont les différents membres sont appelés «les Mouettes». Un service passionnant à découvrir car ses missions, officiellement, n’existent pas. Il est là cornaqué par Marcel Gaingouin, le directeur des opérations de la DGSE, bientôt à la retraite et en quête d’un successeur, et par Marie-Jeanne Duthilleul, la cheffe du département, qui sait se montrer raide quand il le faut."},{"_id":"NIZQ37EOSVGGPL5O3EMIN4Z2VM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732707217327},"type":"text","content":"Dans ce roman, le service Action est composé de quatre hommes. <i>«La fameuse compartimentation qui régnait entre les services de la DGSE s’étendait également au sein d’une même branche. Les agents du SA [service Action] ne savaient pas ce que faisaient leurs camarades au même moment, écrit Thomas Cantaloube. Parfois, ils l’apprenaient au détour d’une indiscrétion ; parfois ils ne le découvraient qu’au retour d’une équipe du terrain, mais le plus souvent ils ne l’apprenaient jamais. Ils pouvaient juste deviner que, puisqu’on les investissait immédiatement d’une nouvelle mission, les effectifs devaient être mobilisés ailleurs. Il y avait l’embarras du choix pour les théâtres d’intervention dernièrement : Sahel, Syrie, Irak, Iran, Libye, Centrafrique, Ukraine… De surcroît, tous les quatre constituaient une équipe complémentaire. Corsan </i>[Icare]<i> avait beau être basé au CPEOM en Bretagne, il était spécialisé dans les opérations en terrain aride ou montagneux. Ajax, lui, était formé aux missions d’infiltration en zones urbaines. Jason et Actéon excellaient en plongée et maniement des explosifs.»</i> Bien sûr, tous ces noms sont des pseudonymes attribués dès que l’agent entame sa formation par des officiers qui piochent dans les noms de héros ou demi-Dieux de la mythologie grecque. Et contrairement à leurs homologues des forces spéciales, qui ressemblent à des gros bras tatoués et crânes rasés, les agents du SA, eux, doivent se fondre dans le paysage. Entre eux, ils s’appellent parfois <i>«les chats maigres», </i>précise Cantaloube, qui a manifestement une connaissance phénoménale du fonctionnement des services secrets français."},{"level":2,"_id":"QKBTVE3TRBEGPPCO6OFQFOBOV4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732736736359},"type":"header","content":"Usine d’armement et exfiltration"},{"_id":"KP7CFYEIOVBOBBPO3OFXN74KRQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732707217328},"type":"text","content":"L’intrigue de ce roman, qui devrait être suivi de nouveaux épisodes – du moins espérons-le – se déroule entre Paris, la Serbie et le Mali. Le héros en est Yannick Corsan, alias Icare, qui a piloté avec Ajax, Jason et Actéon le sabotage d’une usine d’armement en Serbie soupçonnée d’approvisionner le groupe jihadiste GSIM au Mali. Dans les disques durs volés à cette occasion, la DGSE découvre qu’une attaque terroriste d’envergure se prépare à Bamako. Le problème, c’est qu’elle compte un agent infiltré au sein du GSIM, un jeune malien portant le pseudo de Canaque, et qu’il n’est pas question que celui-ci participe à l’attaque, encore moins qu’il se fasse repérer à cette occasion. Il faut donc l’exfiltrer de toute urgence. Gaingouin va confier la mission à Yannick Corsan, dont il rêve de faire son successeur. Ce qu’il ne sait pas, c’est que celui-ci, accablé de chagrin après la disparition de sa femme en mer, se bourre d’antidépresseurs et d’amphétamines pour tenir le coup, ce qui lui vaudrait d’être viré du SA si cela se savait."},{"_id":"PPHLMZZE2BDBLAXZWRD4EXINSA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732707217329},"type":"text","content":"L’histoire est passionnante : on y retrouve tous les enjeux diplomatiques et militaires auxquels la France a été confrontée ces dernières années au Mali. Le style de Cantaloube, à qui l’on doit de formidables polars politiques à la Série noire <i>[Requiem pour une République, Frakas et Mai 67]</i> est nickel, sobre et efficace. Il nous embarque dans l’histoire avec la même force qu’une série télé. <i>Les Mouettes</i> ferait actuellement l’objet de réflexions pour un développement audiovisuel, et on espère vivement que ce sera le cas. En attendant, le remake américain du <i>Bureau des légendes, The Agency,</i> est en tournage pour Showtime-Paramount +."},{"level":6,"_id":"MKPAG7M4JJF4NGEXUQB6462NQM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732714456249},"type":"header","content":"<i>Les Mouettes,</i> Thomas Cantaloube, Fleuve noir-TOE (The Originals Editions), 336 pp, 20,90 €."}],"subheadlines":{"basic":"Avec «les Mouettes», qui s’inspire de l’univers de la célèbre série d’Eric Rochant, l’auteur nous livre un palpitant roman d’espionnage à mi-chemin entre Serbie et Mali."},"description":{"basic":"Avec «les Mouettes», qui s’inspire de l’univers de la célèbre série d’Eric Rochant, l’auteur nous livre un palpitant roman d’espionnage à mi-chemin entre Serbie et Mali."},"language":"","source":{"system":"composer","name":"liberation","source_type":"staff"},"taxonomy":{"primary_site":{"path":"/culture/livres","parent_id":"/culture","name":"Livres","description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité 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article est tiré du </b></i><b>Libé spécial auteur·es jeunesse.</b><i><b> Pour la sixième année, </b></i><b>Libération </b><i><b>se met aux couleurs et textes de la jeunesse pour le Salon du livre de Montreuil qui ouvre ses portes ce mercredi 27 novembre. Retrouvez tous les articles </b></i><a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/dossier/pages-jeunes/\"><i><b>ici</b></i></a><i><b>.</b></i>"},{"_id":"6Z3OMLA4CZAEDFASAXPK2WINQU","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732635129717},"type":"text","content":"<i>Enfiler des perles : (Sens figuré)</i> <i>(Familier)</i> S’amuser à des bagatelles ; perdre du temps ; ne pas s’occuper sérieusement."},{"_id":"TMMJNQX6GZG2HBDNGPHE7XJUYU","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":53,"comment":", que j’ai imaginé "},{"pos":391,"comment":"aux femmes, et aux personnes qui se définissent comme telles, "}],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782350},"type":"text","content":"Depuis huit ans, je mène l’atelier «Réparer l’intime»avec la photographe et autrice Louise Oligny, à la Maison des femmes de Saint-Denis et chez Casavia à la Pitié-Salpêtrière. Ces structures hospitalières accueillent des femmes vulnérabilisées et victimes de violence. Nous y proposons des ateliers artistiques et thérapeutiques autour du bijou, de la photo et du dessin. Nous leur offrons un «espace à soi» sécurisé et sécurisant pour se reconnecter à elles-mêmes, à leur désir profond."},{"_id":"JOI6V3MXGRBXDO5VFF4UC35J74","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":131,"comment":"en vigilances et "},{"pos":493,"comment":"C’est précieux. "},{"pos":694,"comment":"puisque "}],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782351},"type":"text","content":"Nous avons construit cet atelier sur un fil, et cela reste un chantier permanent. Nous allons au rythme de chacune, et nous sommes en échanges constants pour leur offrir un accompagnement sur mesure. C’est une expérience que nous pouvons mener grâce au dispositif pluridisciplinaire de la Maison des femmes, il y a les soignant·e·s (médecins, sages femmes, infirmières), les juristes, les assistantes sociales, la police… Un collectif qui permet de multiplier les regards et l’accompagnement. Quand les femmes arrivent à l’atelier, la première chose que je leur propose est de se confectionner un bijou, d’enfiler des perles. Je réalise ce que ce geste, a priori anodin, symbolise et mobilise, la création de bijoux a été pendant quinze ans mon métier. Dans le silence, ou en parlant, elles choisissent des perles, puis en même temps qu’elles y travaillent, un objet se fabrique, pierre après pierre, sous leurs doigts."},{"level":2,"_id":"6ESUQLPS5VCUTERYAIVUIEQS3I","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732635129720},"type":"header","content":"Abri symbolique"},{"_id":"6RZALCTU6FFJ3CDLSXGV5TEGOQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782353},"type":"text","content":"<i>«Construire, c’est se construire»,</i> dit Louise Bourgeois."},{"_id":"C43GP7ASQRASTHINM2RH2RFQDY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":59,"comment":"à la place desquelles nous pourrions toutes être, "}],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782354},"type":"text","content":"Je suis toujours impressionnée et émue de voir ces femmes, arriver avec leur masque puis progressivement le mettre de côté pour prendre rendez-vous avec elles-mêmes. Comme <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/societe/droits-des-femmes/gisele-pelicot-le-nom-dun-combat-20241118_B2NZJAJWDFBMZC7NIBHIUX4POI/\" target=\"_blank\">Gisèle Pelicot le fait devant la cour criminelle du Vaucluse</a>, QUI ose vraiment regarder les choses en face, mettre le déni de côté pour affronter le cycle dévastateur des violences et l’ensemble de son système ?"},{"_id":"5GBSU2G34VC63AUZRK3BAQRJEE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":0,"comment":"A l’atelier, les femmes peuvent se faire prendre en photo, se dessiner, enfiler des perles, se parer pour se réparer… je les vois affronter leurs histoires et leurs déchirures sans tricher, je les vois s’écrouler souvent, se mettre en colère parfois, se redresser, s’effondrer à nouveau puis se projeter plus nettement pour se remettre debout et reprendre le lien. Avec une bienveillance inconditionnelle indispensable pour se reconstruire, petit à petit, les femmes peuvent apprivoiser leur souffle court, pleurer, rire, essayer, se tromper, aller tranquillement à la rencontre d’elles-mêmes."}],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782355},"type":"text","content":""},{"_id":"ZNVXOYOVFZBUNAS3AZV2UKKTAI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782357},"type":"text","content":"Les années passant, et forte d’un échange avec les équipes médicales, j’ai réalisé combien l’enfilage de perles, que je proposais de manière assez intuitive au départ leur permettait, entre autres, de remobiliser un espace psychique pour concevoir un abri symbolique, retrouver de la confiance et rassembler ce qui a été morcelé. Une femme m’a dit l’autre jour : <i>«L’atelier, c’est comme faire une maquette de moi-même.»</i>"},{"_id":"GNHAV67J2NA7JDRYYM4YGZC6XM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782358},"type":"text","content":"D’ateliers en ateliers, je constatais que les femmes respiraient mieux. Alors est née en moi l’idée d’une installation."},{"level":2,"_id":"2Q75K3RSYVAO7GOWCE6C7OLBKE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782366},"type":"header","content":"Colmater et suturer à trop d’endroits pour éviter l’hémorragie"},{"_id":"PXCYADBRIFGULLDY7U57ZURKDU","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782359},"type":"text","content":"Je rêve de créer un poumon végétal géant, structure métallique et florale orné de mousse, de fleurs et feuilles séchées rebrodée de fil de laiton perlé. Dans cet abri, sculpture immersive installée au milieu d’une pièce, chacun·e pourrait circuler ou «se pauser», librement au rythme d’une bande sonore."},{"_id":"WHIO3T3ALBBJVNA4QDHJJ2Z6TE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782360},"type":"text","content":"Il s’agirait d’un refuge universel, sans obligation de performances, une tentative de réparation de nos liens, une réponse à notre apnée collective. Dans cette période de travers, cette idée ne me quitte plus et m’apparaît même comme une urgence."},{"_id":"ZZJVKXDUTFEKDPBYBGKUKTQOPU","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782362},"type":"text","content":"Forte de ce que j’ai appris et vécu en tant que femme et près de ces femmes, je veux pouvoir penser ce lieu comme un endroit où l’on vit, conscient que ce que l’on expire est inspiré par l’autre, et qu’il en va ainsi pour vivants humains et non-humains. Pour reprendre les mots de l’historien et politologue camerounais Achille Mbembe, <i>«nous avons une dette de soin les uns envers les autres. Or la respiration est le lieu de l’égalité radicale originelle à partir duquel il serait possible de repenser nos manières d’habiter le monde et de nous relier à nous-même ainsi qu’à l’ensemble du vivant».</i>"},{"_id":"KGNUKSXBKVAKJDHJA37AJSVWAQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782364},"type":"text","content":"Réparer ou prendre soin, pour moi, c’est un même mouvement qui consiste à porter attention à l’autre, à le regarder, à l’écouter, à se mettre à sa place. J’aimerais mieux prévenir que réparer, c’est d’ailleurs ce que je tente de faire en écrivant et illustrant des livres ou des podcasts pour les enfants, et en en accompagnant, toutes les semaines, ces femmes. Mais je m’essouffle parfois à mon tour."},{"_id":"2Q75K3RSYVAO7GOWCE6C7OLBKE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782366},"type":"text","content":"J’ai le sentiment qu’il faut colmater, ficeler, panser, suturer à trop d’endroits, pour éviter l’hémorragie."},{"level":2,"_id":"ZKDNZYORS5HFNB44PEKOTE452U","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782372},"type":"header","content":"Laisser le temps filer pour en gagner"},{"_id":"HADLA3ZZUFAGXA6H5HQCABAAJA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":112,"comment":"J’entends des souffles forts mêlés à des souffles timides. Des souffles musicaux et des souffles hoquetants. Je les entends tous, distinctement et ensemble, dans un bercement évoluant en permanence. Les inspirations nourrissent les expirations des autres et vice et versa. "},{"pos":382,"comment":"On célèbre le temps long et la promesse d’horizon. "}],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782367},"type":"text","content":"Dans cet abri imaginaire, j’entends que ça inspire et que ça expire, à tous les niveaux, dans tous les recoins. Dans ce refuge aux allures d’arbres, les racines ressemblent à des veines, le bout des branches à des constellations. Tout est lien, chacune·s prend ses responsabilités, on ne fabrique plus du trauma à la pelle, on prend en compte les arborescences et on se questionne. On n’impose à personne de produire vite, de guérir vite ou d’être résilient d’un coup de baguette magique. On brode, on tisse, on funambule et on enfile des perles parfois pour se reconstruire."},{"_id":"22473ZAHLNHNXOHPZS56PRM76U","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":0,"comment":"On ne demande pas aux traumas de s’envoler, aux victimes de se justifier. On cesse de faire comme si rien n’avait eu lieu."}],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782370},"type":"text","content":""},{"_id":"J2O6QDMFL5DKXDGPIEITYH6GH4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":0,"comment":"On ne fait pas semblant que la domination, l’humiliation, les agressions, la perversion, la guerre, ça n’existe pas. On ne demande pas de «libérer la parole» pour ne rien répondre en face. On éveille les consciences et on fabrique collectivement des refuges pour les enfants et les plus grands."}],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782371},"type":"text","content":""},{"_id":"ZKDNZYORS5HFNB44PEKOTE452U","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782372},"type":"text","content":"On écoute, pour de vrai. On reconnaît. On accompagne. On respecte. On accepte que le chemin soit long, très long même. On laisse les larmes couler, les expressions se déployer, sans crainte. On laisse le temps filer pour en gagner."},{"_id":"RNGXC5JBJNENHEVEOKERUQ4J7Y","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782373},"type":"text","content":"Marielle Macé écrit dans son essai <i>Respire</i> : <i>«On manque d’oxygène de santé, de paix, on manque de liens vrais, de justice et de joies.»</i>"},{"_id":"45ITZSI5GBBBLAR3DELURMTGHQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782374},"type":"text","content":"Je rêve de ce poumon"},{"_id":"5RZ7V7SBPZH2LDJCES2AECXXVY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782375},"type":"text","content":"Pour nous et nos enfants,"},{"_id":"IFGJCM4GDBC3XP7LR2R244YMHY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782376},"type":"text","content":"Comme une pulsation"},{"_id":"2DSASQ5VDBDTHMQKRU2GMI34DU","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732550782377},"type":"text","content":"Vers nos humanités."}],"subheadlines":{"basic":"Pour offrir aux femmes vulnérabilisées et victimes de violence un «espace à soi» sécurisé et sécurisant, il faut créer un refuge universel sans obligation de performances. Une tentative de réparation de nos liens, une réponse à notre apnée collective."},"description":{"basic":"Pour offrir aux femmes vulnérabilisées et victimes de violence un «espace à soi» sécurisé et sécurisant, il faut créer un refuge universel sans obligation de performances. 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Le poids des réseaux sociaux n’y apparaît donc pas seulement comme une préoccupation de jeunesse par les yeux de Kat, mais aussi par les présomptions de son entourage sur qui elle est, et leur responsabilité dans cet imaginaire forgé au fil des <i>likes</i>. Un rêve digital auquel nous contribuons en y consacrant notre attention, tout souhaitant une authenticité et une inclusivité souvent négligées. Ainsi, peut-on en vouloir à Kat de négocier avec sa réalité, quand le reste de la société se prend au jeu ?"},{"level":6,"_id":"42NPTPXCWNBWFEPN3MHKB56QIU","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732615986297},"type":"header","content":"Crystal Maldonado, <i>#Sans filtre et autres mensonges</i>. Traduit de l’anglais (Etats-Unis) par Enora Dessagnat, éditions Akata «Young Novel», 439 pp., 19,99€."},{"level":2,"_id":"DSKQTYILIVFRNBG4G2H5PGG2TI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732615986299},"type":"header","content":"Willow Smith et Jess Hendel réinventent le passé"},{"_id":"2WWRZXKSLRATLCVVCXALZUTO6E","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732620796972},"type":"text","content":"Peut-on rêver une histoire qui s’est déjà écrite ? Les Vikings et leurs éventuelles rencontres avec le continent africain les passionnent et c’est la volonté de combler cette zone floue de l’histoire qui a poussé Jess Hendel et Willow Smith à créer la trajectoire de Yafeu. Forgeronne dans l’Empire du Ghana, elle croise la route de guerrières vikings lorsqu’elle fuit les esclavagistes. D’abord intriguée par ces terres sombres du Nord où les femmes peuvent être guerrières au même titre que les hommes, elle découvrira auprès de Freydis, héritière du trône, une autre facette du royaume et comment elle, une combattante africaine déjouée par le destin, peut y faire sa place. Loin d’aplanir les aspérités de leur relation nouvelle, Willow Smith laisse éclore les ambitions de ces protagonistes qui veulent coconstruire un autre monde pour fuir ceux qui les contraignent : <i>«Avec Yafreby </i>[la cité afro-norroise que Yafeu et Freydis fondent ensemble, langue métissée qui lui est propre comprise, ndlr]<i>, j’ai imaginé le modèle de communauté qui naîtrait […] si aucune culture n’était dominante. 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article est tiré du</b></i><b> Libé spécial auteur·es jeunesse.</b><i><b> Pour la sixième année, </b></i><b>Libération </b><i><b>se met aux couleurs et textes de la jeunesse pour le Salon du livre de Montreuil qui ouvre ses portes le 27 novembre. Retrouvez tous les articles </b></i><a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/dossier/pages-jeunes/\"><i><b>ici</b></i></a><i><b>.</b></i>"},{"_id":"CJYNCW3ZFNH5LGG2O2G7MC34UM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732548352926},"type":"text","content":"Rennes Sud. Le Blosne. La réputation du quartier reste engluée à son nom. Son actualité la plombe régulièrement. Le curseur des dispositifs de politique publique y oscille dans un arc dessiné par les adjectifs : «populaire» «prioritaire» ou «sensible». De grands ensembles d’habitats collectifs – majoritairement du locatif orchestré par des bailleurs sociaux – plantent l’espace urbain. A l’entrée du quartier, le centre social Carrefour 18. En son cœur, l’Espace lecture."},{"_id":"NX6HHQ4OXRB2JEUFHUNAK3CPMI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":186,"comment":"et souriant"},{"pos":238,"comment":" qu’elle anime"},{"pos":407,"comment":"le livre et "},{"pos":441,"comment":"possibles"},{"pos":484,"comment":" pour des raisons économiques, sociales, culturelles ou personnelles"}],"comments":[],"_id":1732379475426},"type":"text","content":"<i>« Un petit café? »</i> Combien de fois par jour Sophie Marotte, cofondatrice de l’association <i>Lire et Délire,</i> pose-t-elle cette question ? Au moins autant qu’elle lance son «bonjour» joyeux pour accueillir chaque visiteur de l’Espace lecture. Ici, l’activité se mesure en kilos de café consommés – <i>«Un gros budget»</i> – plus qu’en nombre d’usagers. Impossible de compter. C’est intrinsèque au projet : promouvoir la lecture sous toutes les formes auprès des personnes qui en sont éloignées."},{"level":2,"_id":"JILEHYUBSZEXBIULRTGZYQ2B7I","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732548352928},"type":"header","content":"Pas de barrière, pas d’inscription, ni de code-barres"},{"_id":"JILEHYUBSZEXBIULRTGZYQ2B7I","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732548352929},"type":"text","content":"Capter le public cosmopolite des lieux requiert une organisation souple, pas d’adhésion ni de formalités, et de l’attention : «<i>Les gens entrent dans un endroit où il y a des livres, discutent, s’y sentent bien, restent et reviennent.»</i> Cette bibliothèque singulière, missionnée et financée par la ville de Rennes, efface les codes en allant jusqu’à installer un rayon dans la rue. Le maillage se tisse grâce aux mots, à l’écriture, au livre et la lecture. Pas de barrière, pas d’inscription, ni de code-barres. «<i>Une façon de s’adapter à un public qui ne veut pas emprunter des livres par peur d’oublier de les rapporter.</i>»"},{"owner":{"sponsored":false,"id":"liberation"},"address":{},"syndication":{},"auth":{"1":"c67e4e25e8c1f5582c7a165473cac74be9e60034b7c9012e16e173ca1b7887a4"},"caption":"Mars 2024 : préparatifs pour le festival ECrire! à l'Espace Lecture à Rennes","source":{"system":"photo center","edit_url":"","additional_properties":{"editor":"photo center"}},"taxonomy":{"associated_tasks":[]},"type":"image","version":"0.10.9","url":"https://cloudfront-eu-central-1.images.arcpublishing.com/liberation/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","licensable":false,"credits":{"affiliation":[{"name":"DR","type":"author"}]},"subtitle":"","width":3826,"creditIPTC":"DR","_id":"TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE","additional_properties":{"fullSizeResizeUrl":"/resizer/ew7b5FgURNlhzR2FGxM1oTaZhOk=/arc-photo-liberation/eu-central-1-prod/public/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","owner":"l.troussiere@liberation.fr","iptc_source":"DR","comments":[],"proxyUrl":"/resizer/ew7b5FgURNlhzR2FGxM1oTaZhOk=/arc-photo-liberation/eu-central-1-prod/public/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","originalUrl":"https://cloudfront-eu-central-1.images.arcpublishing.com/liberation/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","published":true,"resizeUrl":"/resizer/ew7b5FgURNlhzR2FGxM1oTaZhOk=/arc-photo-liberation/eu-central-1-prod/public/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","ingestionMethod":"manual","thumbnailResizeUrl":"/resizer/O8dscV2DquLmJj4KTSovQgn5rz8=/300x0/arc-photo-liberation/eu-central-1-prod/public/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","version":1,"usage_instructions":"PARUTION GRATUITE","originalName":"préparatifs pour le festival ECrire! 2024.jpg","mime_type":"image/jpeg","restricted":false,"template_id":183,"galleries":[],"_id":"2BIXRUM2LZEQ3HCTJB225X222Q"},"created_date":"2024-11-26T09:42:34Z","last_updated_date":"2024-11-26T19:25:09Z","height":2319,"image_type":"photograph","resized_params":[{"url":"resizer/CnEfyvAYTcoVD1W1LX9KXcL8pyw=/84x56/filters:format(jpg):quality(70)/cloudfront-eu-central-1.images.arcpublishing.com/liberation/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","width":84,"height":56},{"url":"resizer/hmbCjRvGTbQ7ud52G9GuR17EEBk=/105x70/filters:format(jpg):quality(70)/cloudfront-eu-central-1.images.arcpublishing.com/liberation/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","width":105,"height":70},{"url":"resizer/ro8tXdpR7WtUhNR8r_KVOcocGhQ=/158x105/filters:format(jpg):quality(70)/cloudfront-eu-central-1.images.arcpublishing.com/liberation/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","width":158,"height":105},{"url":"resizer/Hf1Qw7_3t3sUA-wIOHQlG8JHWCM=/274x183/filters:format(jpg):quality(70)/cloudfront-eu-central-1.images.arcpublishing.com/liberation/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","width":274,"height":183},{"url":"resizer/MbPRFT3pZ6cxWXlsot4p7NYXoLE=/377x251/filters:format(jpg):quality(70)/cloudfront-eu-central-1.images.arcpublishing.com/liberation/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","width":377,"height":251},{"url":"resizer/yFl8BPhxZtZDNzNdmLn936Vqcno=/400x267/filters:format(jpg):quality(70)/cloudfront-eu-central-1.images.arcpublishing.com/liberation/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","width":400,"height":267},{"url":"resizer/y2uhCugRg1U3-6buKRNzJJ7kFEQ=/600x400/filters:format(jpg):quality(70)/cloudfront-eu-central-1.images.arcpublishing.com/liberation/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","width":600,"height":400},{"url":"resizer/Dcm7SJcKCIU_l7AtS7Vs-FTrNvU=/768x512/filters:format(jpg):quality(70)/cloudfront-eu-central-1.images.arcpublishing.com/liberation/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","width":768,"height":512},{"url":"resizer/Mh08suC04-nr9loZXbv5QW7lvcE=/800x533/filters:format(jpg):quality(70)/cloudfront-eu-central-1.images.arcpublishing.com/liberation/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","width":800,"height":533},{"url":"resizer/dPQ-GV9Rn9YsA7_2iqdIME6scYs=/1024x683/filters:format(jpg):quality(70)/cloudfront-eu-central-1.images.arcpublishing.com/liberation/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","width":1024,"height":683},{"url":"resizer/25ylQ7hoq4PN4jAEUD5OOt8abOY=/1200x800/filters:format(jpg):quality(70)/cloudfront-eu-central-1.images.arcpublishing.com/liberation/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","width":1200,"height":800},{"url":"resizer/S9ZkxxuEKouO4v_gRDOOjKhlNxk=/1440x960/filters:format(jpg):quality(70)/cloudfront-eu-central-1.images.arcpublishing.com/liberation/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","width":1440,"height":960},{"url":"resizer/epvkTztnHMQmH-LmcrMy8vFR-Xo=/1600x1067/filters:format(jpg):quality(70)/cloudfront-eu-central-1.images.arcpublishing.com/liberation/TG64NU2DQ5GZVENAHHC3D5LGZE.jpg","width":1600,"height":1067}]},{"_id":"WWFO25QMNBGMFEHUKSRT6S6IW4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":416,"comment":" à la table"}],"comments":[],"_id":1732379475428},"type":"text","content":"La fréquentation – issue majoritairement du quartier – est mouvante. «<i>L’architecture du centre social y est propice. C’est une ruche avec des alvéoles vitrées qui permettent de voir chaque salle.</i>» Dans celle de l’association, les usagers butinent, les bénévoles tentent de se concentrer. Au menu : préparer la seconde édition du festival Ecrire ! dédié à l’édition indépendante et à la microédition. Corinne s’assied. Elle écoute en trempant un pain au chocolat dans son café. Elle essuie les miettes puis glisse qu’elle viendra peut-être à l’atelier céramique «chat-tasse». Une idée inspirée du recueil de poèmes de Raphaële Frier <i>Un chat dans la cafetière</i>, édité en bilingue français-arabe par Le port a jauni. Autrice et éditrice seront les invitées phares du festival. Un groupe de préadolescentes débarque : «O<i>n peut faire de la peinture ?</i>» Sophie acquiesce et rebondit : «J<i>e compte sur vous pour lire des textes en arabe au festival !</i>»"},{"level":2,"_id":"C3NTBBWUDVCFBHNG2HPYBLAJLE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732379475434},"type":"header","content":"«Je crois qu’on est tous un peu perchés»"},{"_id":"Q6GJKQJ2UNECHB7IP2NSTDCQK4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":344,"comment":" «Gâteau apparaît» et nourrit la convivialité."}],"comments":[],"_id":1732548352932},"type":"text","content":"Hors des circuits classiques, un atelier bihebdomadaire permet à des étrangers allophones d’échanger en français pour améliorer leur compréhension et leur prononciation. «<i>Gâteau n’est pas ?</i>» demande Soslan, un habitué qui traduit le russe littéralement. Dominique, retraitée bénévole, sort une brioche pour fêter la naissance de son petit-fils."},{"_id":"HT4ZMCQJIRGWNJLNOMJKMLWGY4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":429,"comment":" cartonné"}],"comments":[],"_id":1732379475430},"type":"text","content":"Harazim franchit la porte l’air grave, accompagné d’un père de famille sans hébergement pour la nuit. La coordinatrice fait le lien avec ses collègues du centre social : l’avantage d’un réseau de professionnels de proximité. Léana a confié sa fille à la halte-garderie pour participer à sa première séance. La jeune Arménienne parle le français difficilement. Encouragée par une bénévole, elle se lance dans la lecture d’un album. Harazim revient, le sourire aux lèvres. Coup de chance. La famille soudanaise bénéficie d’un hébergement d’urgence. Un répit trop court. Un répit quand même. Il en profite pour montrer son diplôme universitaire : niveau B2 de français. Formé au droit au Soudan, il veut devenir interprète juridique en France."},{"_id":"C3NTBBWUDVCFBHNG2HPYBLAJLE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732379475434},"type":"text","content":"Les usagers vaquent dans l’alvéole gorgée de livres, de papiers, de couleurs, de matériaux, de créations et de suspensions. Les étagères débordent de vie, prêtes à servir une lecture partagée, une activité improvisée ou programmée, toujours en lien avec la littérature. L’atelier cuisine concocte des madeleines de Proust. Les participants ne captent pas forcément la référence. Les bébés lecteurs voyagent avec les livres d’Eva Offredo. L’atelier philo explore Rabelais et Montaigne. Celui d’écriture fait cogiter sur les chaises. Ionesco ? Peu importe. Sophie incarne, donne, lie. «<i>Je crois qu’on est tous un peu perchés</i>», rit-elle. Hommage au baron de Calvino ? Non : s’il y a un baron dans la salle, c’est Jacques, le chat recueilli un jour d’atelier d’écriture «<i>à la manière de Jacques Prévert.</i> <i>Il m’a fait ses petits yeux de chat abandonné, je n’ai pas eu le choix, il vit ici maintenant</i>». L’animal fédère. Ses pauses et son attitude nonchalante montrent qu’il le sait. Il écoute, se prélasse sur les textes en cours d’écriture, s’endort sur les livres ouverts, ou le tapis de lecture tout juste cousu. Il surgit, surprend, se laisse caresser, fait rire et papoter."},{"level":2,"_id":"SOGK6L626RAGPFV7AH7I5AGBE4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732379475436},"type":"header","content":"Un chat, un jardin et deux poules"},{"_id":"SOGK6L626RAGPFV7AH7I5AGBE4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732379475436},"type":"text","content":"Dans ce petit bout de Blosne discret, entre les stations Fréville et Italie, les maux font une pause pour laisser vaquer les mots doux : calme, ressource et paix. Un chat, un jardin et deux poules aux beaux jours : l’Espace lecture reste un lieu protégé dans un quartier tendu qui connaît aux alentours violences urbaines, incivilités, trafic de drogue et consommation. Les dernières élections ont crispé les discussions. «<i>Ici, tous les ateliers sont multiculturels, c’est désolant qu’il n’y ait pas de transposition en dehors.</i>» Mais il reste l’espoir, l’envie de lier, d’accueillir et d’investir le quartier, de résister. Il se dit même, dans un français traduit du soudanais que <i>«quoi qu’il arrive, il y aura toujours des gens bien pour nous aider</i>». Ceux et celles qui se réunissent dans cet endroit si singulier en font partie."}],"subheadlines":{"basic":"Implanté dans un centre social rennais, dans un quartier en proie aux violences urbaines, l’Espace lecture s’empare de la littérature pour tisser des liens avec et entre les habitants."},"description":{"basic":"Implanté dans un centre social rennais, dans un quartier en proie aux violences urbaines, l’Espace lecture s’empare de la littérature pour tisser des liens avec et entre les habitants."},"language":"","source":{"system":"composer","name":"liberation","source_type":"staff"},"taxonomy":{"primary_site":{"path":"/culture/livres","parent_id":"/culture","name":"Livres","description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité littéraire : critiques et nouveautés livres, le cahier livres, nos rencontres et interviews d'auteurs.","_id":"/culture/livres","additional_properties":{"original":{"parent":{"footer2":"/culture","default":"/culture","footer":null,"burgermenu":"/culture","amp-menu":"/culture","headernav":"/culture"},"site":{"pagebuilder_path_for_native_apps":null,"site_url":null,"site_keywords":null,"site_about":null,"site_description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité littéraire : critiques et nouveautés livres, le cahier livres, nos rencontres et interviews d'auteurs.","site_title":"Livres : toute l'actualité littéraire avec Libération","site_tagline":null},"navigation":{"nav_title":"Livres"},"_admin":{"alias_ids":["/culture/livres","60"]},"inactive":false,"node_type":"section","social":{"twitter":null,"rss":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null},"site_topper":{"site_logo_image":null},"name":"Livres","_id":"/culture/livres","ancestors":{"footer2":["/","/culture"],"default":["/culture","/"],"footer":[],"burgermenu":["/culture","/"],"amp-menu":["/","/culture"],"headernav":["/culture","/"]},"order":{"footer2":2003,"default":2005,"burgermenu":2006,"amp-menu":2006,"headernav":2003}}},"type":"site","version":"0.5.8"},"sites":[{"path":"/culture/livres","parent_id":"/culture","name":"Livres","description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité littéraire : critiques et nouveautés livres, le cahier livres, nos rencontres et interviews d'auteurs.","_id":"/culture/livres","additional_properties":{"original":{"parent":{"footer2":"/culture","default":"/culture","footer":null,"burgermenu":"/culture","amp-menu":"/culture","headernav":"/culture"},"site":{"pagebuilder_path_for_native_apps":null,"site_url":null,"site_keywords":null,"site_about":null,"site_description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité littéraire : critiques et nouveautés livres, le cahier livres, nos rencontres et interviews d'auteurs.","site_title":"Livres : toute l'actualité littéraire avec Libération","site_tagline":null},"navigation":{"nav_title":"Livres"},"_admin":{"alias_ids":["/culture/livres","60"]},"inactive":false,"node_type":"section","social":{"twitter":null,"rss":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null},"site_topper":{"site_logo_image":null},"name":"Livres","_id":"/culture/livres","ancestors":{"footer2":["/","/culture"],"default":["/culture","/"],"footer":[],"burgermenu":["/culture","/"],"amp-menu":["/","/culture"],"headernav":["/culture","/"]},"order":{"footer2":2003,"default":2005,"burgermenu":2006,"amp-menu":2006,"headernav":2003}}},"type":"site","version":"0.5.8"},{"path":"/culture","parent_id":"/","name":"Culture","description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité culturelle avec Libération : cinéma, musique, livres, photographie, scènes et arts, les infos sur les séries ou encore sur les jeux vidéos.","_id":"/culture","additional_properties":{"original":{"parent":{"footer2":"/","default":"/","footer":null,"burgermenu":"/","amp-menu":"/","headernav":"/"},"site":{"pagebuilder_path_for_native_apps":null,"site_url":null,"site_keywords":null,"site_about":null,"site_description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité culturelle avec Libération : cinéma, musique, livres, photographie, scènes et arts, les infos sur les séries ou encore sur les jeux vidéos.","site_title":"Culture, livres, tendances, mode, cinéma, musique... - 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article est tiré du </b></i><b>Libé spécial auteur·es jeunesse.</b><i><b> Pour la sixième année, </b></i><b>Libération </b><i><b>se met aux couleurs et textes de la jeunesse pour le Salon du livre de Montreuil qui ouvre ses portes ce mercredi 27 novembre. Retrouvez tous les articles </b></i><a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/dossier/pages-jeunes/\"><i><b>ici</b></i></a><i><b>.</b></i>"},{"_id":"3VFEOIYTZBD6RL67H2HE67FCEI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732121514481},"type":"text","content":"<i>«Je ne me suis pas laissé défaire.»</i> Cette phrase, je l’ai croisée des dizaines de fois. Inscrite sur un mur parisien à quelques pas de chez moi. Avec, en dessous, une signature : <i>Miss. Tic</i>. C’était presque devenu un mantra pour les matins fragiles."},{"_id":"KDNY4UPIT5H5TCW2DNOAFMP4JI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476140},"type":"text","content":"Miss. Tic, née sous le nom de Radhia Aounallah, <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/culture/arts/miss-tic-fin-de-combat-pour-une-guerillera-poetique-20220522_UJ5MVAWGHRESDEOAHY2U75KQ6Q/\" target=\"_blank\">disparue il y a deux ans</a>, s’est imposée dès les années 80 dans le milieu très masculin de l’art urbain. Elle a marqué les murs de la capitale avec des aphorismes qui restent en tête et des femmes qui vous regardent dans les yeux. Elle disait être descendue dans la rue après une rupture amoureuse difficile et toxique. Son amant lui ayant jeté : «<i>Je ne peux plus te voir en peinture.</i>» Elle lui répondra par un dessin bombé sur la pierre. Une manière de reprendre le pouvoir. De lui dire : «<i>Maintenant, tu ne me verras plus qu’en peinture.</i>»"},{"_id":"BQ5SCEATV5E5DEXJNNR7N474D4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":13,"comment":"d’écriture "},{"pos":27,"comment":"pendant trois semaines"}],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476141},"type":"text","content":"En résidence près d’Avignon, je me rends à l’exposition qui lui est consacrée au Palais des papes. Au moment de prendre mon ticket, par curiosité, je lis les commentaires sur différents sites dédiés à la rétrospective. La plupart sont enthousiastes, certains dubitatifs, et puis surgit celui-ci :"},{"_id":"3GGZNE7QEJCFFHC4G6MUE6ODIM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476142},"type":"text","content":"<i>«Miss. Tic n’a rien à faire dans ce lieu. Il y a des salles d’exposition pour ce genre de choses.»</i>"},{"_id":"SIJJEBA7Q5HCVMUYXO6FEJEPSU","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476143},"type":"text","content":"Et celui-là :"},{"_id":"JRMSBI4GSZGBJLEKDF626GXUYQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476144},"type":"text","content":"«<i>Quand nous venons visiter le Palais des papes, c’est pour visiter le Palais des papes ! Nous sommes dans un monument chargé d’histoire et de religion. Quelle est l’utilité d’une exposition qui n’a pour but que d’être provocante et dénonçante dans un tel endroit ? C’est un manque de respect pour les visiteurs et pour les lieux</i>.»"},{"_id":"JU2DLQ4VF5DYLPHI3PKFOMWWDE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476145},"type":"text","content":"Et encore :"},{"_id":"6ZWR2WBTOFBMHJD7MQ4MVZGHZQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476146},"type":"text","content":"«<i>Nous étions moi et mes amis tellement choqués que nous avons avorté notre visite en nous empressant de sortir. Inadmissible. C’est une atteinte à la mémoire des lieux.</i>»"},{"_id":"RAN6LTBTEFAA3GPU3TTXT4NX7E","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476147},"type":"text","content":"Et d’autres suivent."},{"_id":"OI5BVOGGWZCIXM5XTQFR6OLETA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476148},"type":"text","content":"J’arrive tard. Je suis dans les derniers visiteurs autorisés à entrer. Hormis la cour d’honneur, je n’ai jamais visité le Palais des papes. Ce qui me happe immédiatement, c’est l’immense beauté de l’édifice, la lumière, et l’austérité intimidante aussi."},{"level":2,"_id":"PL3DFGXRFZDLRNZDLXJRNNYQXQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476150},"type":"header","content":"«Un dernier pied-de-nez à l’histoire»"},{"_id":"PL3DFGXRFZDLRNZDLXJRNNYQXQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476150},"type":"text","content":"Sur le panneau d’entrée, il y a ces mots de Camille Lévy Sarfati, commissaire de l’exposition : <i>«Quoi de plus éloquent qu’une première monographie posthume au Palais des papes, à Avignon, pour celle qui n’eut de cesse de célébrer la puissance poétique des lieux, de prôner le populaire face à l’élite, de braver, transgresser l’ordre établi ? Une ultime provocation, peut-être, un dernier pied-de-nez à l’histoire et au pouvoir, dans un lieu de la puissance politique, religieuse et militaire devenu symbole populaire de culture, de spectacle et de célébration.»</i>"},{"_id":"QWKQHPW3AVC73GMDKWXEFGANJI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476151},"type":"text","content":"Je regarde le plan de l’exposition, je pense que je reviendrai encore demain et suivrai le sens de la visite. Pour le moment, je veux voir la salle où sont exposées les palissades."},{"_id":"TWXCRWCFZFHFLCHHWOXZOXSVN4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732106224225},"type":"text","content":"C’est la fin de journée, la lumière orange qui passe par les vitres du palais éclaire étrangement les douze panneaux de bois. Les femmes représentées par Miss. Tic ressemblent à des madones. Il y a une harmonie troublante entre ces palissades et la pierre blanche des lieux. C’est captivant. Je suis touchée."},{"_id":"E4ORD7ZNQNDY3A22YRFBDSMLGA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":26,"comment":"se penche vers moi et"}],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476153},"type":"text","content":"Et puis soudain, un homme me chuchote :"},{"_id":"F3E3CEFRMVA4RLMZEKGZYH2Y6E","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476154},"type":"text","content":"«<i>Je trouve cette exposition vulgaire. Elle n’a pas sa place dans un monument. Que viennent faire ces corps de femmes ici ? Et ces revendications ? Ce n’est pas le lieu pour ça. Ça ne se fait pas.»</i>"},{"level":2,"_id":"3NS72LTC2FDUVO2ROCOUQN5N7Y","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476161},"type":"header","content":"«Un reste de bûcher de l’inquisition, par exemple»"},{"_id":"GNWA64CP3NC37LDBBM4DUNKGTY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":0,"comment":"Il me regarde."},{"pos":77,"comment":"Je ne sais pas quoi répondre."},{"pos":78,"comment":"Enfant, je n’allais jamais au musée."}],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476155},"type":"text","content":"Il attend les bras croisés que je dise quelque chose. Je suis décontenancée. Je viens d’un endroit très éloigné de la culture. Les livres, la peinture, la consolation que l’art peut apporter, j’ai découvert cela bien tard et de manière anarchique. Je n’ai donc pas d’idée sur «ce qui se fait ou pas». Devant mon air ahuri, il se tourne vers une jeune fille à sa droite :"},{"_id":"O335LSTYWFBVJN5ONONK6QX3BA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476156},"type":"text","content":"<i>«En venant ici, on doit pouvoir replonger dans l’histoire de France. Cette exposition n’a rien à faire dans le palais.»</i>"},{"_id":"2XJLTQ3G6BCFBAUX4TGQDGNXJ4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476157},"type":"text","content":"Je pense alors aux mots de Miss. Tic : <i>«Dépasser le passé. Toute une histoire.»</i>"},{"_id":"RAC6QYVTSREJNPJ2VJUPUDHMPY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":53,"comment":"tout droit"}],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476158},"type":"text","content":"La jeune femme lui répond calmement, en le regardant dans les yeux : <i>«Moi, j’habite ici, et le palais, je ne l’avais jamais visité. Ça m’impressionnait trop. Mais là… Du street art chez les papes, ça m’intriguait.»</i>"},{"_id":"J4DODQCFIZAQ7EBG7FN56WIERA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476159},"type":"text","content":"L’homme continue : <i>«Non, mademoiselle. C’est totalement déplacé. Cette expo aurait plus sa place dans un tiers-lieu.»</i>"},{"_id":"T5IHNDKABVFOVKIBVTDOXEJ2UM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":23,"comment":"de l’exposition "}],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476160},"type":"text","content":"Parmi les commentaires que j’ai lus sur Internet, il y avait celui-ci :"},{"_id":"3NS72LTC2FDUVO2ROCOUQN5N7Y","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476161},"type":"text","content":"<i>«Joyau de l’histoire, la visite du Palais des papes fut clairement à la hauteur de mes attentes. Cependant, l’exposition de Miss. Tic m’a choqué. J’aurais préféré, vu le monument, du contenu médiéval ou religieux. Un reste de bûcher de l’inquisition, par exemple.»</i>"},{"_id":"S5DMR3VABBDOLBBPVIHA4GUUEE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":27,"comment":"tourne les talons. Nous"},{"pos":77,"comment":"le reste de"}],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476162},"type":"text","content":"La jeune fille me sourit et nous sortons ensemble de la salle. Je poursuivrai la visite avec elle. Nour a 17 ans. Elle est au lycée professionnel René-Char d’Avignon. Elle déteste l’école, aime la botanique et adore le dessin. C’est son prof d’art plastique qui lui a parlé de l’exposition. C’est la deuxième fois qu’elle y vient. «<i>C’est vrai que, depuis que je suis petite, le palais, je passais à côté sans y entrer. Même pas pour le festival. Parce que chez moi, on n’est pas trop théâtre.</i>»"},{"level":2,"_id":"SWKETL2YHBFNPIVOYWGEWNIAO4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476168},"type":"header","content":"«Je ne me suis pas laissé défaire»"},{"_id":"GRG5PHLHP5E7VFM7USBASHAWVA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":516,"comment":"qui se"},{"pos":549,"comment":"jusqu’au sol où on peut lire"},{"pos":628,"comment":"certaines"}],"comments":[],"_id":1732121514507},"type":"text","content":"Nour m’emmène dans l’atelier de Miss. Tic, où la radio est allumée. J’y découvre l’intimité de ses pinceaux, ses outils, ses bombes. Nour me fait remarquer le dessin représentant Rimbaud sous l’étagère. Elle m’entraîne dans le grand Tinel où se trouve la série que Miss. Tic a consacrée aux femmes de lettres. On y croise Sagan, Colette, Despentes, Duras. «<i>Je crois que, elle, c’est Christine Angot, non ?</i>» Au-dessous, il y a ces mots : «<i>Ecrire comme on se purge»</i>. Elle me montre les gigantesques rouleaux de papier déroulés du plafond jusqu’au sol avec les phrases incisives que Miss. Tic inscrivait sur les murs. Nour en lit à voix haute : «<i>La terreur est humaine / Allez faire le mâle ailleurs / Nous sommes tous en situation irrégulière.» </i>Et puis celle-ci : «<i>Je ne me suis pas laissé défaire.»</i>"},{"_id":"TBHJRX7MA5HZNL3SNAQHAAEI2I","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":600,"comment":"Et la fresque des prophètes, et aussi la pièce du cerf, c’est trop beau."}],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476169},"type":"text","content":"Nour regarde l’heure. Elle me dit qu’il est tard et qu’elle doit rentrer. Je ne veux pas poursuivre sans elle. Je reviendrai demain. En marchant vers la sortie, elle me lance : «<i>Tu vas voir, il y a une salle incroyable, on dirait qu’on est dans la tête de Miss. Tic et que les pochoirs accrochés au plafond, ce sont toutes ses pensées. Et avant, il y a</i> la Joconde<i> avec ces mots : “Pour sourire, il faut avoir beaucoup pleuré.” J’aime bien cette phrase</i>. <i>Et si tu reviens, il faut que tu prennes le temps de regarder les oiseaux dans la chambre du pape, ils ont été peints en 1338. Tu te rends compte ?»</i>"},{"_id":"IGC2M2GW2ZAWJL4F4ZKDG3ASIA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"pos":177,"comment":"de cet exposé ce"}],"comments":[],"_id":1732099476170},"type":"text","content":"On se quitte sur les marches du palais. Avant de partir, elle me dit qu’elle va faire un exposé pour sa classe. Elle espère que cela donnera envie à d’autres de venir. Le titre sera une phrase de Miss. Tic qu’elle a croisée dans le jardin : «<i>Si dans la nuit nos cris d’oiseaux se taisent, vous mendierez des nouvelles.»</i>"},{"level":6,"_id":"LCOPX4P7OFEVHBHS7VXOZEJLXY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732106224244},"type":"header","content":"«Miss. Tic : A la vie, à l’amor. Art dans la ville, poétique de la révolte (1985 – 2022)», au palais des Papes, à Avignon, jusqu’au 5 janvier 2025. <a href=\"http://palais-des-papes.com/\" target=\"_blank\">palais-des-papes.com</a>"}],"subheadlines":{"basic":"Vue comme une provocation impie par certains visiteurs de la demeure papale d’Avignon, l’expo de la street-artiste connue pour ses pochoirs parisiens en séduit bien d’autres, ravis de voir ce lieu désacralisé. Déambulation."},"description":{"basic":"Vue comme une provocation impie par certains visiteurs de la demeure papale d’Avignon, l’expo de la street-artiste connue pour ses pochoirs parisiens en séduit bien d’autres, ravis de voir ce lieu désacralisé. 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Retrouvez tous les articles </b></i><a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/dossier/pages-jeunes/\"><i><b>ici</b></i></a><i><b>.</b></i>"},{"_id":"JPDORVPRANH3VPVXXFOW5ATUBI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732537902382},"type":"text","content":"Est-ce que la lecture à voix haute se porte mieux en France ?"},{"_id":"U5LEK46DQFBCNFOLLTF2MSXJQ4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[{"date":"2024-11-25T12:48:44.433Z","start":123,"end":135,"text":"aucun ital dans toutes ces rappels d'assoc ou professionnel.","user":"Elisabeth Galabert","email":"e.galabert@liberation.fr"}],"_id":1732132733204},"type":"text","content":"Pas impossible. Notre retard sur les pays anglo-saxons a été en partie comblé grâce à l’initiative de professionnels comme les Livreurs qui militent joyeusement depuis 1998 pour cette pratique qu’ils ont déringardisée. Grâce aux dévoués bénévoles de Lire et faire lire qui travaillent sur le lien intergénérationnel. Grâce aussi à des associations comme les Petits Champions de la lecture,<i> </i>qui frétillent et nous étonnent<i> </i>depuis 2012. Grâce à<i> la Grande Librairie, </i>sur France 5, qui a pris le train en marche, mais qui a réussi à sauter dedans avec sa rubrique <i>Si on lisait à voix haute.</i>"},{"_id":"BXGJVEYHCBAW3FEEVPYTKNV67A","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[{"date":"2024-11-25T12:51:25.352Z","start":182,"end":201,"text":"on écrit les trad en rom et avec des guill","user":"Elisabeth Galabert","email":"e.galabert@liberation.fr"}],"_id":1732132733205},"type":"text","content":"C’est bien, mais on est encore à la traîne derrière les pays anglo-saxons, derrière l’Allemagne par exemple qui peut s’enorgueillir de posséder le joli verbe <i>vorlesen</i>, littéralement «lire devant soi», de façon sonore donc, et non pas pour soi, en silence. Dans ce pays il y a une patience naturelle, ou plutôt culturelle, qui permet aux gens de tenir une heure sans bouger une oreille même quand la lecture est passable."},{"_id":"EFCCUAZATJG2ZGYBRI2XO5AW7U","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732132733206},"type":"text","content":"Lire à voix haute, cela fait un triangle : il y a celui ou celle qui lit ; il y a l’auditoire ; il y a la chose lue."},{"_id":"YWAQNTEHZZATDJTKAE626TOMPQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[{"date":"2024-11-25T12:53:41.113Z","start":119,"end":145,"text":"répétition volontaire ?","user":"Elisabeth Galabert","email":"e.galabert@liberation.fr"}],"_id":1732132733207},"type":"text","content":"La personne qui lit peut être une maman, un papa, un tonton sur son canapé avec autour de lui des enfants qui réclament une histoire une histoire ! <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/livres/2019/06/05/astrid-lindgren-l-effificace_1731891/\" target=\"_blank\">Astrid Lindgren</a> affirmait en 1957 : <i>«Je me demande si les parents réalisent à quel point la lecture à voix haute est un pur plaisir. Rien ne peut remplacer un livre lorsqu’il permet de partager le rire et les larmes.»</i>"},{"_id":"VVEFWUTJDZDJ7G45GFZW6HO27M","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[{"date":"2024-11-25T12:54:14.189Z","start":139,"end":164,"text":"répèt volontaire comme une voix enfantine ?","user":"Elisabeth Galabert","email":"e.galabert@liberation.fr"}],"_id":1732132733208},"type":"text","content":"La personne qui lit peut aussi être un comédien, debout sur une scène de théâtre, devant plusieurs centaines d’adultes qui ne scandent pas une histoire une histoire ! mais qui sont dans la même attente. Elle peut être enfin une comédienne à fleur de peau qui enregistre un roman de 600 pages dans un studio, qui s’empare du récit et en prend un infini soin, seule derrière une vitre qui la sépare de deux personnes silencieuses."},{"level":2,"_id":"PLCF4Y237NANXBCIA45BDPROFM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732132733209},"type":"header","content":"Etre présent à ce qu’on dit"},{"_id":"PJCOQTFKRRBSVK6RUO4GJOS22U","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732544673365},"type":"text","content":"Comment se sent-on, au fait, quand on lit ?"},{"_id":"OFV2IWGOJBFK7JIU554VPF2LHA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732132733210},"type":"text","content":"<a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/grand-angle/2006/05/26/ecoutez-lire_40556/\" target=\"_blank\">Bernhard Engel</a> (les Livreurs) apporte une réponse très honnête : <i>«C’est un travail. On interprète un texte et on se donne un mal fou pour que le public y prenne plaisir. Le plaisir personnel est secondaire. On prend son pied après, quand le public applaudit.»</i> Autre son de cloche chez la <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/culture/livres/rachel-arditi-crises-de-tete-20230226_HXR6K5IDVNEOFOEB2J2C2ZKJRE/\" target=\"_blank\">comédienne Rachel Arditi</a> :<i> «Lire tout haut me procure un double sentiment de puissance et de gratitude. De puissance, car c’est par ma voix que les mots, les personnages, les émotions s’incarnent. Et c’est comme si, incarné par moi, le texte se mettait à marcher tout seul. Je lui donne des jambes. Et je me laisse alors guider par lui, emplie de gratitude pour la puissance qu’il m’offre et qui m’échappe, et m’a conduite sur des terres que je ne connais pas.»</i>"},{"_id":"MEBDEIBOJ5BODOVUDRYSXV4SIQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732132733211},"type":"text","content":"D’autres expliquent qu’ils sont avant tout au service de l’auteur, qu’il faut se méfier du cabotinage comme de la peste, suivez mon regard."},{"_id":"MRBQXYLXVJCQXGVAECXFM7LCOU","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732132733212},"type":"text","content":"Tous et toutes s’accordent à dire qu’il faut ralentir le débit, respirer, penser au sens de chaque mot qui sort de votre bouche, veiller à ce qu’il soit entendu jusqu’à sa dernière syllabe, s’efforcer de visualiser, d’être présent à ce qu’on dit, de ne jamais anticiper."},{"_id":"QDP2GI4JVBC6HFH7SMALEHBML4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732132733213},"type":"text","content":"On lisait jadis à voix haute pour les gens du peuple, qui ne savaient pas lire. C’était le privilège des conteurs, des prêtres. Mais où est l’intérêt en 2024, en France, alors que tout le monde sait plus ou moins lire sans l’aide d’un tiers et qu’il n’y a plus foule dans les églises ?"},{"level":2,"_id":"CEA45PJLEVCUFJPLP72BAS4WCI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732132733214},"type":"header","content":"Celui qui écoute peut s’abandonner"},{"_id":"DWB3WU2LQJHVLD3HHJXYHDNYDA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732544673371},"type":"text","content":"L’intérêt, quand on est celui qui écoute, c’est d’être dispensé du décryptage. On ne se fatigue pas les yeux, on peut même les fermer, on peut s’abandonner. Ceci à la condition que la lecture soit bien faite. Tout le monde ne lit pas aussi parfaitement bien que Denis Podalydès ou Coraly Zahonero. Les écouter lire <i>A la recherche du temps perdu</i>, c’est comme s’asseoir dans une voiture de luxe. Confort et sécurité. On part en voyage, le moteur tourne rond, on ne sera pas arrêtée par la police. Si parfois vous êtes insomniaque, apprenez que vous ne l’êtes plus, et je suis certain qu’aucun de ces deux-là ne s’en offusquerait."},{"_id":"GE6SJKX7JBGGDCEOZ4ZJ5GTE4E","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732132733215},"type":"text","content":"Et si on n’est pas soi-même sociétaire de la Comédie-Française, on peut tout de même, en lisant les grands textes à voix haute, éprouver l’enivrante sensation de s’être emparé de quelque chose de puissant, de drôle, d’intelligent, de virtuose dont on a la chance de devenir sinon le médium, au moins l’interprète. Et on s’en trouve grandi, enfin l’espace de quelques minutes."},{"_id":"ZYCLGDD4MNADFE5P4GLV2XV4FA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[{"date":"2024-11-25T13:01:58.469Z","start":136,"end":143,"text":"pas nécessaire ? 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article est tiré du </b></i><b>Libé spécial auteur·es jeunesse.</b><i><b> Pour la sixième année, </b></i><b>Libération </b><i><b>se met aux couleurs et textes de la jeunesse pour le Salon du livre de Montreuil qui ouvre ses portes ce mercredi 27 novembre. Retrouvez tous les articles </b></i><a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/dossier/pages-jeunes/\"><i><b>ici</b></i></a><i><b>.</b></i>"},{"_id":"33MJBGBPWFB6TLR7RQF7DSXQEE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732629624563},"type":"text","content":"A une heure de voiture au nord de Tel-Aviv, Sharon Cohen, fondatrice du refuge Starting Over, veille sur un millier de chevaux, ânes, chèvres, poules, chats, autant d’animaux errants, abandonnés, victimes de sévices ou de négligence, rescapés des abattoirs. Certains sont aveugles, blessés, amputés ; d’autres, épuisés par une vie d’esclavage, ne tiennent plus debout.<i> «Une personne normale ne peut imaginer faire subir des choses pareilles», </i>s’indigne Sharon. Silhouette déterminée, voix vibrante, un agneau collé à ses basques, la maîtresse des lieux se bat depuis sept ans pour offrir aux animaux maltraités une<i> </i>«seconde chance». Autrement dit, les soigner et leur redonner confiance en l’être humain. La tâche est rude, demande du temps, de l’espace, des bénévoles et des moyens. Tout ce qui, ici, manque cruellement. <i>«Les animaux sont pucés, vaccinés et stérilisés. Pas question de faire de l’élevage, la nursery, c’est pour les femelles pleines à leur arrivée.»</i> Pourtant, plus de 600 ânes broutent actuellement dans un champ voisin, certains devaient s’envoler pour des refuges-relais en France et en Belgique. En 2022, le refuge La Tanière, près de Chartres, a accueilli un premier troupeau d’ânes rescapés mais la guerre a tout arrêté. Depuis ? <i>«J’appelle, je sollicite, on ne me répond plus.»</i> <i>«Dis-leur</i>, me demande-t-elle, <i>dis-leur qu’on a besoin d’eux.»</i>"},{"level":2,"_id":"7RPK3MJHTFBJ5FWTSVHGNZPYEI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732629624564},"type":"header","content":"«Les animaux ne font pas de politique»"},{"_id":"ZK473GQG5NB2XJHFAUAR3Y53HE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732620489563},"type":"text","content":"La guerre est une plaie béante qui suinte de partout. Aujourd’hui, c’est un cheval blessé, amené par de jeunes soldats. <i>«Ils ne pouvaient le laisser dans cet état.»</i> Me reviennent les mots de Marguerite Yourcenar : <i>«Je me dis souvent que si nous n’avions pas accepté, depuis des générations, de voir étouffer les animaux dans des wagons à bestiaux, ou s’y briser les pattes comme il arrive à tant de vaches ou de chevaux, envoyés à l’abattoir dans des conditions absolument inhumaines, personne, pas même les soldats chargés de les convoyer, n’aurait supporté les wagons plombés des années 1940-1945.»</i>"},{"_id":"CKQGNRCNQZCRXCBUZD4SCJV44Y","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732620489564},"type":"text","content":"Sharon ne dit pas autre chose : <i>«La non-violence envers les animaux est un gage de non-violence générale.»</i> C’est la deuxième mission que s’est donnée le centre : faire du sanctuaire un lieu de tolérance et de compassion. Le volet pédagogique est essentiel. Des programmes ont été mis en place pour accueillir des élèves. Ils apprennent à considérer les besoins d’un âne, découvrent que les animaux aussi ressentent la faim, la peur, qu’ils nouent des liens privilégiés avec certains de leurs congénères. <i>«C’est parfois plus facile de passer par les animaux pour comprendre comment se comporter entre êtres humains.» </i>Sharon croit en l’éducation. Lorsque je lui demande si les écoles arabes participent aussi au programme, elle s’étonne de ma question : <i>«Evidemment !»</i> Et aussi :<i> «Les animaux ne font pas de politique, ne prennent position ni d’un côté ni de l’autre, ce sont des âmes pures.»</i>"},{"level":2,"_id":"75WO4NZZRJCCTF3LVJRHHVIKBA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732620489565},"type":"header","content":"Réhabilitation mutuelle"},{"_id":"75WO4NZZRJCCTF3LVJRHHVIKBA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732620489565},"type":"text","content":"Des âmes guérisseuses aussi ? Ici, on y croit. Le centre accueille des jeunes fragilisés, dépressifs, violentés, des déficients issus d’institutions spécialisées.<i> «Et que faites-vous avec eux ?» «Rien, </i>répond Sharon. <i>Les éducateurs sont présents mais ils interviennent à peine. Les jeunes pénètrent les enclos, entrent en relation avec les animaux. C’est très intuitif, il n’y a pas de sous-entendus, pas de jugements, ils se reconnaissent dans leurs souffrances.»</i> Et de me raconter le parcours d’une adolescente abusée. Elle marchait comme un robot, ne souriait plus depuis des mois. Aux côtés des ânons, sa mère l’entend recommencer à rire. Ils jouent, se cajolent. Il y a aussi cet adolescent délinquant venu s’occuper des ânes pendant quatre ans. On se demande alors qui prend soin de qui. C’est comme une réhabilitation mutuelle."},{"_id":"HIHHRCOD2JEKNONGKQS5QA4E5Q","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732620489566},"type":"text","content":"Depuis <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/dossier/attaques-terroristes-du-7-octobre/\" target=\"_blank\">le 7 octobre 2023,</a> le refuge ne désemplit pas. On y dépose des animaux dont les maîtres ont été tués, on y accueille des survivants du festival Nova, des enfants évacués du Nord. Je demande : des ex-otages aussi ? Sharon confirme mais ne souhaite pas en dire plus. Si ce n’est un<i> «ouah, c’est tellement difficile». </i>Parmi les visiteurs, certains n’étaient plus capables de sortir de chez eux depuis des mois. Seule la perspective de venir en aide à des animaux maltraités les a décidés à pousser la grille du refuge. Entre âmes sœurs revenues de l’enfer."}],"subheadlines":{"basic":"En plus de recueillir des animaux depuis sept ans, le refuge Starting Over, qui manque cruellement de moyens depuis le début de la guerre, accueille également des élèves ou des survivants du 7 Octobre."},"description":{"basic":"En plus de recueillir des animaux depuis sept ans, le refuge Starting Over, qui manque cruellement de moyens depuis le début de la guerre, accueille également des élèves ou des survivants du 7 Octobre."},"language":"","source":{"system":"composer","name":"liberation","source_type":"staff"},"taxonomy":{"primary_site":{"path":"/culture/livres","parent_id":"/culture","name":"Livres","description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité littéraire : critiques et nouveautés livres, le cahier livres, nos rencontres et interviews d'auteurs.","_id":"/culture/livres","additional_properties":{"original":{"parent":{"footer2":"/culture","default":"/culture","footer":null,"burgermenu":"/culture","amp-menu":"/culture","headernav":"/culture"},"site":{"pagebuilder_path_for_native_apps":null,"site_url":null,"site_keywords":null,"site_about":null,"site_description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité littéraire : critiques et nouveautés livres, le cahier livres, nos rencontres et interviews d'auteurs.","site_title":"Livres : toute l'actualité littéraire avec Libération","site_tagline":null},"navigation":{"nav_title":"Livres"},"_admin":{"alias_ids":["/culture/livres","60"]},"inactive":false,"node_type":"section","social":{"twitter":null,"rss":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null},"site_topper":{"site_logo_image":null},"name":"Livres","_id":"/culture/livres","ancestors":{"footer2":["/","/culture"],"default":["/culture","/"],"footer":[],"burgermenu":["/culture","/"],"amp-menu":["/","/culture"],"headernav":["/culture","/"]},"order":{"footer2":2003,"default":2005,"burgermenu":2006,"amp-menu":2006,"headernav":2003}}},"type":"site","version":"0.5.8"},"sites":[{"path":"/culture/livres","parent_id":"/culture","name":"Livres","description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité littéraire : critiques et nouveautés livres, le cahier livres, nos rencontres et interviews d'auteurs.","_id":"/culture/livres","additional_properties":{"original":{"parent":{"footer2":"/culture","default":"/culture","footer":null,"burgermenu":"/culture","amp-menu":"/culture","headernav":"/culture"},"site":{"pagebuilder_path_for_native_apps":null,"site_url":null,"site_keywords":null,"site_about":null,"site_description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité littéraire : critiques et nouveautés livres, le cahier livres, nos rencontres et interviews d'auteurs.","site_title":"Livres : toute l'actualité littéraire avec Libération","site_tagline":null},"navigation":{"nav_title":"Livres"},"_admin":{"alias_ids":["/culture/livres","60"]},"inactive":false,"node_type":"section","social":{"twitter":null,"rss":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null},"site_topper":{"site_logo_image":null},"name":"Livres","_id":"/culture/livres","ancestors":{"footer2":["/","/culture"],"default":["/culture","/"],"footer":[],"burgermenu":["/culture","/"],"amp-menu":["/","/culture"],"headernav":["/culture","/"]},"order":{"footer2":2003,"default":2005,"burgermenu":2006,"amp-menu":2006,"headernav":2003}}},"type":"site","version":"0.5.8"},{"path":"/international","parent_id":"/","name":"International","description":"Tout savoir sur les dernières infos dans le monde avec Libération : conflits, crises humanitaires, guerres sur les différents continents.","_id":"/international","additional_properties":{"original":{"parent":{"footer2":"/","default":"/","footer":null,"burgermenu":"/","amp-menu":"/","headernav":"/"},"site":{"pagebuilder_path_for_native_apps":null,"site_url":null,"site_keywords":null,"site_about":null,"site_description":"Tout savoir sur les dernières infos dans le monde avec Libération : conflits, crises humanitaires, guerres sur les différents continents.","site_title":"Actualité internationale : toute l’info dans le monde - 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article, traduit de l’américain, est tiré du </b></i><b>Libé spécial auteur·es jeunesse.</b><i><b> Pour la sixième année, </b></i><b>Libération </b><i><b>se met aux couleurs et textes de la jeunesse pour le Salon du livre de Montreuil qui ouvre ses portes ce mercredi 27 novembre. Retrouvez tous les articles </b></i><a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/dossier/pages-jeunes/\"><i><b>ici</b></i></a><i><b>.</b></i>"},{"_id":"G6GTQEGJ2NDHLPVG5T2TUT5Q6E","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732623674011},"type":"text","content":"Comme vous l’avez peut-être remarqué,<a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/international/amerique/donald-trump-de-retour-a-la-maison-blanche-la-menace-dune-nouvelle-presidence-sans-garde-fous-20241106_VM7RBXJ4SRBLTOM6ENMI54TUSE/\" target=\"_blank\"> il y a eu récemment une élection présidentielle aux Etats-Unis.</a> C’était une élection importante, voire cruciale. Elle ne s’est pas déroulée comme je l’espérais, mais elle s’est déroulée comme beaucoup le souhaitaient. Et c’est ça, la démocratie."},{"_id":"NNY72RRAYNHFHEE6LXBNUB7EQA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732551907344},"type":"text","content":"Le président élu est <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/international/amerique/trump-declare-responsable-dagression-sexuelle-par-un-tribunal-civil-de-new-york-20230509_S4UF7ZIXCFAB5FDRQLCZIOEDVA/\" target=\"_blank\">un délinquant sexuel condamné </a>qui diffame ses victimes et se vante d’avoir agressé des femmes. C’est un criminel <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/international/amerique/donald-trump-reconnu-coupable-par-le-jury-dans-son-proces-penal-a-new-york-20240530_4I42VVSTURHJTPC2LUEWMQZVCM/\" target=\"_blank\">condamné pour fraude. </a>Il répand la haine, la misogynie, le racisme, l’intimidation et la tricherie. Ces comportements toxiques ont été normalisés, encouragés et récompensés."},{"_id":"ZUZ7HRVCERBDPFU7L242WEOB3U","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732551907345},"type":"text","content":"Plusieurs raisons ont été avancées pour expliquer pourquoi il était acceptable de voter pour lui malgré la liste des traits négatifs qu’aucun dirigeant ne devrait avoir. L’immigration à notre frontière sud est citée. Oui, beaucoup de gens arrivent aux Etats-Unis. Ils viennent d’endroits qui ne sont pas sûrs, où il y a peu d’argent, où ils n’ont aucune chance d’avoir une vie meilleure. Et ils sont vilipendés au lieu de se voir offrir une chance. On raconte ici que si ces nouveaux arrivants obtiennent quelque chose, ceux qui sont déjà là perdront quelque chose. Cela a créé une atmosphère de peur et de repli sur soi. Les immigrants n’ont rien mais ils seraient assez puissants pour tout prendre aux citoyens américains. Cela n’a pas vraiment de sens. Et personne ne parle des décennies que les Etats-Unis ont passées à soutenir des coups d’Etat en Amérique du Sud et en Amérique centrale, à renverser des gouvernements et à déstabiliser des économies, contribuant ainsi à créer bon nombre des situations périlleuses que ces personnes fuient."},{"_id":"MPXOJF2LXFFWJB6H5UYACIGU4Q","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732551907346},"type":"text","content":"L’économie est une autre raison. Je comprends que les temps soient durs, je le ressens moi-même. Mais je paierais volontiers 1 dollar de plus pour 1 gallon de lait si cela signifie que les enfants transgenres peuvent se sentir en sécurité à l’école. Je paierais le double si cela signifie que tous les enfants peuvent être à l’abri des armes d’assaut à l’école. Tout le monde n’a pas ce budget. Et c’est à ce moment-là que nous devrions commencer à réaliser que le système ne fonctionne peut-être pas. Devoir choisir l’argent plutôt que les gens n’est pas un choix que nous devrions faire."},{"level":2,"_id":"72QMRT2F2NAMHKPZGC2BOZSYUE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732551907347},"type":"header","content":"Nous avons volé cette terre aux Amérindiens"},{"_id":"72QMRT2F2NAMHKPZGC2BOZSYUE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732551907347},"type":"text","content":"Qu’en est-il des soins de santé ? Du droit des femmes à disposer de leur corps ? De la séparation de l’Eglise et de l’Etat ? Des contrepouvoirs ? Qu’en est-il de notre planète, celle sur laquelle nous avons tous la chance de vivre ? La nouvelle administration prévoit de dépouiller notre planète de ses ressources restantes. Tout cela juste pour l’argent et le maintien d’un style de vie opulent."},{"_id":"QYGWREFCGJAABA2CM6PFCPZZ7I","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732551907348},"type":"text","content":"Toutes ces choses ont été dites et analysées par des gens plus intelligents et plus qualifiés que moi. Mais je reviens toujours à l’histoire de l’Amérique qu’on nous apprend à l’école et qu’on nous prêche depuis notre naissance. L’Amérique est le pays de la liberté, le pays des opportunités. Si vous travaillez suffisamment dur, vous serez récompensé et deviendrez riche. Et ce n’est pas vrai."},{"_id":"FIOK2PMY5JAFZKMRBKBKIP644U","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732551907349},"type":"text","content":"Nous avons volé cette terre aux Amérindiens. Nous avons asservi des gens pour faire notre richesse. Nous avons mené des guerres dans le monde entier pour des raisons injustes. Et nous ne pouvons pas admettre que nous avons jamais fait quoi que ce soit de mal."},{"_id":"7GSQD3K4ZJFVXJKAH63QGUR6JU","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732551907350},"type":"text","content":"Le président élu est une personne déconcertante, mais il n’est pas 1 sur 1 million. Il est le résultat de l’Amérique. A la jonction de l’argent, de la cupidité, de la richesse, de la misogynie, du patriarcat, du capitalisme, du racisme et de la corruption. Il est tout ce qui est mauvais en Amérique, le résultat de l’histoire que nous racontons. Il n’est pas le premier et il ne sera pas le dernier. Cela couve depuis le début de l’histoire de notre pays. Tant que nous ne le reconnaîtrons pas et que nous ne sortirons pas de nous-mêmes, nous ne pourrons pas aller de l’avant."},{"level":2,"_id":"T5RALPJ4TFF3VIZVS7HW5ZNRUI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732551907352},"type":"header","content":"Je reconnais le pouvoir des histoires"},{"_id":"52WYOEOAZRBE7DA66F7DJ43J4I","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732551907351},"type":"text","content":"L’Amérique est à la fois une nation formidable et imparfaite. C’est un endroit merveilleux où vivre pour beaucoup, misérable pour d’autres. Un pays de dichotomie. Mais nous devons arrêter de nous dire que, pour avancer, il faut rabaisser quelqu’un. Que le succès de quelqu’un se fait aux dépens du vôtre. Si vous avez une vie difficile, c’est parce que vous n’avez pas travaillé assez dur, que vous ne l’avez pas mérité. Tout le monde mérite une bonne vie et des chances égales. Et ce que nous devrions faire maintenant, c’est nous entraider et nous soutenir les uns les autres. Nous devrions faire de notre monde un endroit meilleur pour tous, et traiter cette planète avec le respect qu’elle mérite. Nous devrions pratiquer la tolérance et la compréhension, au lieu de propager la haine et la colère."},{"_id":"T5RALPJ4TFF3VIZVS7HW5ZNRUI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732551907352},"type":"text","content":"Je ne prétends pas avoir de réponses. Je ne suis ni politicien, ni politologue, ni sociologue. Je suis écrivain et illustrateur. Mais je reconnais le pouvoir des histoires. Je vais continuer à créer des histoires et peut-être qu’elles peuvent jouer un petit rôle positif dans la vie des gens. Dans ma série <i>Lightfall</i>, les héros font tout pour maintenir l’espoir dans un monde qui s’effondre et pour sauver ce qui reste. Leurs opposants ne sont pas mauvais, mais motivés par la cupidité, la haine et la rage. S’ils peuvent résister à cela et gagner, peut-être que nous le pourrons tous. Je serai à cet endroit-là pour faire de mon mieux pour raconter ces histoires et les vivre au quotidien."}],"subheadlines":{"basic":"La réélection de ce personnage outrancier révèle les fractures profondes de la société américaine, héritage de siècles d’injustices et de violences."},"description":{"basic":"La réélection de ce personnage outrancier révèle les fractures profondes de la société américaine, héritage de siècles d’injustices et de violences."},"language":"","source":{"system":"composer","name":"liberation","source_type":"staff"},"taxonomy":{"primary_site":{"path":"/international/amerique","parent_id":"/international","name":"Amérique","description":"Accédez aux dernières informations sur les pays de l'Amérique du Nord et du Sud : Etats-Unis, Mexique, Brésil, Canada, Chili, Venezuela...","_id":"/international/amerique","additional_properties":{"original":{"parent":{"footer2":"/international","default":"/international","footer":null,"burgermenu":"/international","amp-menu":"/international","headernav":"/international"},"site":{"pagebuilder_path_for_native_apps":null,"site_url":null,"site_keywords":null,"site_about":null,"site_description":"Accédez aux dernières informations sur les pays de l'Amérique du Nord et du Sud : Etats-Unis, Mexique, Brésil, Canada, Chili, Venezuela...","site_title":"Amérique : actualités sur le continent américain - 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article est tiré du</b></i><b> Libé spécial auteur·es jeunesse.</b><i><b> Pour la sixième année, </b></i><b>Libération </b><i><b>se met aux couleurs et textes de la jeunesse pour le Salon du livre de Montreuil qui ouvre ses portes le 27 novembre. Retrouvez tous les articles </b></i><a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/dossier/pages-jeunes/\"><i><b>ici</b></i></a><i><b>.</b></i>"},{"_id":"DVDVQ6ALGZEERMMVUF4MXPYNCY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732379506995},"type":"text","content":"Un jour il m’est né une amie. <i>«Excusez l’étrangeté de ma démarche. Je suis une inconnue d’un pays lointain enneigé. Mais vos dessins m’ont tellement impressionnée (1) que cela efface toutes les barrières et les frontières. Vous avez réussi à faire revivre la berceuse énigmatique de mon enfance, difficile, unique, différentes des autres, souffrant de cela tout en s’en fortifiant ; à faire revivre la fugacité de ce morceau de vie, le désir de l’arrêter et l’envie de devenir grand, alors que l’on sait déjà que sera une solitude difficile et pénible comme la vie solitaire d’un hanneton, d’un papillon, des feuilles et des gens. Peut-être faut-il croire aux fées ? je vis avec elles et je les dessine (je travaille au studio de dessins animés de Sverdlovsk) et je sépare difficilement mes rêves de la discipline du travail. […] Les terribles catastrophes, les guerres montrent une fois de plus la fragilité de chaque vie. […]»</i>"},{"_id":"QYJT2SHE35F73EHZHO5Q36AFEA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970661},"type":"text","content":"Cette lettre, je la reçus un jour de 1989 mais je ne la lus pas. Elle venait de l’Oural, écrite en caractères cyrilliques. Pendant des mois, je cherchai un traducteur. La traduction m’arriva enfin précédée de la note : <i>«Ce n’est pas du russe, c’est de l’ukrainien.»</i>"},{"_id":"SNRHHUOSO5DQHBJ5YZHT6OWM74","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970662},"type":"text","content":"Et c’est ainsi que je devins l’amie de Tatiana Danilenko, nous ne nous rencontrâmes jamais mais nous échangeâmes dans un anglais approximatif des lettres et des dessins tout au long de notre vie. J’eus la chance de recevoir d’extraordinaires objets peints, des poupées mélancoliques et poétiques souriant à la difficulté de vivre. Car ces trente dernières années, la vie en Ukraine ne fut pas facile, pauvreté, manque parfois de l’essentiel que le pouvoir créatif de mon amie et de Yulia, sa fille danseuse, illuminèrent miraculeusement."},{"_id":"J6TWU5NWHJAW3NVCIS427HYP4A","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970663},"type":"text","content":"<b>Tatiana, qui êtes-vous ?</b>"},{"_id":"L63BX4JKMNA3PN24TDEN6NYWOY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970664},"type":"text","content":"Je suis née à Kharkov en 1956 d’une mère russe et d’un père ukrainien. Ma mère était professeure d’histoire et mon père, qui venait d’une famille très pauvre, ingénieur. Le soir du 24 février [2022], j’ai eu honte d’être à 50% russe…"},{"_id":"V3CLT6CLR5HIHJLXTKYV3VY55U","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970665},"type":"text","content":"J’ai suivi des études d’enseignement et de piano. Je suis diplômée de l’Ecole d’art de Kharkov, département théâtre et scénographie. Puis je suis entrée à l’Institut pédagogique graphique."},{"_id":"W7X2SNVQIJFLJABEDV6BFR4DGU","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970666},"type":"text","content":"Ma fille Yulia est née."},{"_id":"KPDXAQCW2JFJPLN3HEPWC7AXJY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970667},"type":"text","content":"J’ai travaillé comme scénographe à la télévision, au théâtre et au Théâtre de marionnettes de Kharkov, comme costumière au Théâtre de Koursk. En 1985, je suis entrée au Studio de cinéma de Sverdlosk comme animatrice de dessins animés. En 1992, retour à Kharkov comme professeur d’art. Peinture, croquis, costumes de théâtre, fresques, matriochkas, œuvres pour enfants."},{"_id":"44O4X6S6S5DOXKMR4DS3UCIX3M","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970668},"type":"text","content":"Enfin, en 2008, j’ai trouvé une maison à Stary Saltov [entre Kharkov et la frontière russe, ndlr]) et j’ai enseigné le dessin."},{"_id":"IP6QSDPQTZB5BPRUMDGRSFUWIQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970669},"type":"text","content":"<b>Je me souviens de ce que vous m’écriviez alors...</b>"},{"_id":"DYQSBXJEMJAPPP2BHGAFL5CYIU","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970670},"type":"text","content":"J’aime beaucoup ma maison, pauvre en eau chaude, aux recoins négligés comme dans un vieux château. Mais cette maison est déjà entourée de hautes épinettes et il y a un nid ! Tout est sur le point de fleurir ! A proximité se trouvent la tombe de ma mère, une église, un monument aux soldats, une rivière, des forêts, la beauté de mon pays."},{"_id":"C2EBWYJBXZGU5EWLQ5SGAZTYTM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970671},"type":"text","content":"<b>Vos images traduisent un esprit d’enfance, une sorte de paradis perdu. Est-ce pour combler la perte que vous dessinez ?</b>"},{"_id":"WCW67RT6MBAE5HJZGT2BGFSL7M","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970673},"type":"text","content":"Enfant, j’étais émerveillée par la beauté. Le visage de maman, les chansons de grand-mère, c’était beau. Il me semble qu’il régnait une harmonie parfaite. Et puis un jour un chat (je le caresse encore aujourd’hui, je sens son corps sous mes doigts) disparaît et ce sont les larmes, le chagrin. Il n’y aura plus jamais de chat comme celui-là ! Et même si tout reprend vie, à nouveau s’épanouit, chante et danse, sans limite à la joie… il n’y aura plus jamais de chat comme celui-là !"},{"_id":"VBDEVEJD35DE5LNGGMEG4KPI2I","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970675},"type":"text","content":"<b>Ce mélange de rêve et de réalité, de joie et de mélancolie me fait songer à Chagall, un univers très slave.</b>"},{"_id":"EB75STKAPJHURCZ3JUDSHTTK3U","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970676},"type":"text","content":"Je me sens proche de Chagall. Les ombres chinoises me sont plus familières que la géométrie ! Je pense parfois : pour vaincre la maladie : le bonheur; pour vaincre la captivité : le bonheur; pour vaincre la barbarie : le bonheur. Mais que faire devant la mort d’un enfant ?"},{"_id":"KCP5ASP3NVDLFOG2M3NBL2TB5Q","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970678},"type":"text","content":"<b>Sur une photo, on voit six soldats dans la neige. L’un d’eux tient une de vos toiles, des fleurs qui contrastent avec les tenues</b> <b>militaires.</b>"},{"_id":"JDSTXUJEAZFWZJECJQDKD63HG4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970679},"type":"text","content":"C’est le mari de la conservatrice du musée d’Art de Tchernivtsi. Il combat près de Kharkov. La situation des artistes et des intellectuels, comme celle des autres Ukrainiens, est terrifiante. Innombrables sont ceux morts pour défendre leur terre Kharkangue natale. S’il vous plaît, parlez de Liza Zharikova. Elle est poète et elle combat sur le front."},{"subtype":"title_only","_id":"ZA2DL4BAQNFRLI3N3BCXTPLXPM","additional_properties":{"comments":[],"_id":"POJWHA76QNHGVBN4H74CSM43LI"},"title":"A lire aussir","type":"link_list","items":[{"description":{"_id":"AHTIIWLDZRCYVM5PVBOHXEPJLE","type":"text","content":""},"_id":"XTMY4NCYYNBDLE5LKH4OEHNLO4","type":"interstitial_link","content":"Paroles d’artistes ukrainiens: «Pas de faim, pas de fatigue, juste la peur et l’amour»","url":"https://www.liberation.fr/culture/arts/paroles-dartistes-ukrainiens-pas-de-faim-pas-de-fatigue-juste-la-peur-et-lamour-20220303_ZLA5LTJY6FAKVON3KEAIILJ64M/"}]},{"_id":"FGJR5D3THBAP7CN3QSSG6TWXMM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970682},"type":"text","content":"Les artistes aimeraient tous ne pas dormir, ne pas manger et seulement peindre et créer mais la guerre ne se terminera pas en versant des larmes. Par chance, l’élite de la planète, écrivains, scientifiques, musiciens, journalistes, poètes et artistes pensent cela. Ils écrivent, ils alertent."},{"_id":"BEBQNTSAW5GQNFZ52MRKVLXM5M","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970683},"type":"text","content":"<b>A Tchernivtsi, vous avez exposé 61 dessins.</b>"},{"_id":"X4JHFN3YXBAWBIRZ6U2KOGRVZA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970684},"type":"text","content":"A Stary Saltov, je vivais terrée, je ne pouvais pas dessiner. On ne dessine pas sous les bombes mais quand j’ai pu fuir vers l’ouest, entre autres choses, j’ai dessiné 61 images. J’ai pu penser à la lumière, à la beauté, au bonheur. Cela m’a sauvée du désespoir. Dessiner des horreurs n’est pas la voie de l’art. J’ai tourné le dos à Goya. Le sujet de ces images était les souvenirs. Sur l’une d’elles, ma mère m’aide à traverser une rivière et pour apaiser ma peur me chante une chanson. Sur une autre je rêve de grandir, de tomber amoureuse. Mon mariage. La naissance de Yulia. Elle danse et Danil rêve de voler. Tous ces dessins sont comme des cadres autour du bonheur de vivre mais sur le dernier, une petite fille, seule sur la planète vide, se demande «Que va-t-il se passer après ?»"},{"_id":"RIC4CKNTEVHCXBCQNJVGE3WZLE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970685},"type":"text","content":"<b>Bien sûr, on y retrouve votre univers poétique, des enfants qui volent ou dansent, la communion entre les êtres, des fleurs, des animaux… mais les couleurs ont disparu et les bords de vos images sont brûlés.</b>"},{"_id":"5DJDHKE3DBB4XPMSPXZQVDK4DA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970686},"type":"text","content":"En brûlant les contours de chacune de mes images, j’ai menacé par le feu des images de vie heureuse. J’ai voulu ainsi dénoncer la guerre. L’amour, la joie, la beauté : tout est brûlé par la guerre. Quand la photo d’un être aimé brûle, le cœur rétrécit. Quand les archives d’une famille brûlent, c’est comme un arbre sans racines."},{"_id":"XVH57WDZ55E7DIK5DDYDBBV5EE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970687},"type":"text","content":"<b>Une cigogne était exposée à Tchernivtsi. Pouvez-vous me traduire le message qu’elle contient.</b>"},{"_id":"VIYYVAJWN5BNLM36ZBEO433HOI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970688},"type":"text","content":"La cigogne est l’emblème de l’Ukraine. Si elle construit son nid près de votre maison, c’est le bonheur. Si vous la tuez, le malheur. Au milieu : vouloir; sur les ailes : paix, amour, force de l’esprit et liberté, unité, indivisibilité, pouvoir; et au-dessus : cigogne libre d’Ukraine."},{"_id":"YIHAOGSOFZG6LIENFQSYLZIAMU","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970692},"type":"text","content":"<b>Peut-on encore créer quand on est pris dans l’engrenage de la guerre ?</b>"},{"_id":"H6AKRBWE4RBHHN5D6B7OQHH7L4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970693},"type":"text","content":"J’avais un élève prénommé Oleg qui ne tenait pas compte des proportions dans ses compositions : grands et petits éléments, arbres et oiseaux se retrouvaient à égalité. Tous avaient la même importance ! <i>«Une forme d’harmonie universelle comme dans la vie»,</i> me disait-il en souriant."},{"_id":"E23CPOA2GZFZHHX546SB5I3DR4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970694},"type":"text","content":"En 2022, après des semaines, terrée et affamée, j’ai été conduite hors de Stary Saltov, qui était assiégée par les Russes, par le partisan Yura. A un poste de contrôle, J’ai retrouvé Oleg. Et nous avons parlé de l’Ecole d’art où j’enseignais. A ma grande surprise, il se rappelait tous les sujets qu’il avait travaillés dans ma classe. Il n’avait rien oublié ! Il se souvenait de ces jours avec bonheur mais il avait perdu sa femme et son enfant et il m’avoua que désormais, il ne pourrait jamais plus dessiner. Il ajouta : <i>«Si je réussis à peindre un jour, ce ne sera qu’une ligne, un point ou une tache.»</i> Je ne l’ai jamais revu mais je sais qu’il est vivant."},{"_id":"KN5ZGP52WRGRJELDAF74NRB7BI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970695},"type":"text","content":"<b>Dessinez-vous encore depuis votre retour chez vous ?</b>"},{"_id":"BG4GYZJA5JGQBFM535OUI4S2BA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970696},"type":"text","content":"Je suis revenue chez moi en décembre 2023, lorsque <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/international/europe/a-kharkiv-une-vie-sous-les-bombes-russes-cette-fois-on-ne-repartira-pas-nos-soldats-les-empecheront-de-revenir-20240605_DPSMC7OWQRHS3LS2IYWQ6MGLAE/\" target=\"_blank\">la région a été libérée de l’invasion russe. </a>La route de Saltov n’existait plus et mon village était à moitié détruit. Mais dans un quartier en ruines, ma maison et ma rue avaient résisté. Ma maison était là, fenêtres et plafonds détruits. Les oiseaux avaient survécu comme par une force surnaturelle. Nous ne savons pas grand-chose du cosmos, de la vie des oiseaux, des chats et des chiens, des morts. J’y ai vécu l’été tant qu’il faisait chaud. Il y avait très peu de gens. Les femmes et les enfants étaient partis, les hommes sur le front. J’ai commencé à réparer la maison. Puis je suis retournée à Kharkov dans l’appartement vide de ma fille Yulia, juste avec mon chat, mes papiers, mes clés et un gland de chêne."},{"_id":"CK5S7OMGWFAIZCWGFLNDJ4X63Q","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970697},"type":"text","content":"Ici à Kharkov, je ne dessine plus, je fabrique des poupées que je vends au profit des soldats du front."},{"_id":"X65SCLG4VVDMVLKDHWUMVX7YDY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970698},"type":"text","content":"<i>J’allais lui poser une dernière question quand Tatiana m’écrivit qu’elle venait de descendre dans l’abri anti-aérien et je me dis que l’essentiel était peut-être simplement de penser à elle.</i>"},{"level":6,"_id":"SNV4Q2J7NNELDF5TCQLE3CLPTQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732110970699},"type":"header","content":"1) <i>La Petite Fille incomplète</i> (Ipomée) vue à la Biennale de Bratislava."}],"subheadlines":{"basic":"Etre artiste en temps de guerre, au front, sous les bombardements, en exil... 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Danilenko : «On ne dessine pas sous les bombes»"},"websites":{"liberation":{"website_url":"/culture/livres/tatiana-danilenko-on-ne-dessine-pas-sous-les-bombes-20241126_HUUMG5OVLJBRFBZOTNWLRQ6RIA/","website_section":{"path":"/culture/livres","parent":{"default":"/culture"},"_website":"liberation","parent_id":"/culture","name":"Livres","description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité littéraire : critiques et nouveautés livres, le cahier livres, nos rencontres et interviews d'auteurs.","_id":"/culture/livres","additional_properties":{"original":{"parent":{"footer2":"/culture","default":"/culture","footer":null,"burgermenu":"/culture","amp-menu":"/culture","headernav":"/culture"},"social":{"twitter":null,"rss":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null},"site_topper":{"site_logo_image":null},"site":{"pagebuilder_path_for_native_apps":null,"site_url":null,"site_keywords":null,"site_about":null,"site_description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité littéraire : critiques et nouveautés livres, le cahier 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article est tiré du </b></i><b>Libé spécial auteur·es jeunesse.</b><i><b> Pour la sixième année, </b></i><b>Libération </b><i><b>se met aux couleurs et textes de la jeunesse pour le Salon du livre de Montreuil qui ouvre ses portes le 27 novembre. Retrouvez tous les articles </b></i><a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/dossier/pages-jeunes/\"><i><b>ici</b></i></a><i><b>.</b></i>"},{"_id":"BMNK4GGLVNEHPCY7YC7EHDVFRM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732379864134},"type":"text","content":"Banlieue Est de Beyrouth, dans notre appartement qui surplombe la capitale, qu’on voit de notre balcon. L’armée israélienne a publié ce matin un ordre d’évacuation relatif à onze bâtiments situés dans divers quartiers de la banlieue Sud, à une dizaine de kilomètres de chez nous. Nous savons donc que, le long des deux ou trois heures à venir, nous entendrons onze bombardements. Je suis chez nous. Ma fille est à l’école à Beyrouth même. Ma compagne aussi, à son lieu de travail."},{"_id":"RLXICQAXSRDD5FZ4ENGKUPS76Q","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730066},"type":"text","content":"Nous sommes assez proches pour que tout ce qui se déroule dans la banlieue Sud depuis des semaines soit audible (les explosions, je veux dire. Les conséquences humaines, on les devine sans les entendre). Il s’agit parfois de bruits sourds, parfois beaucoup plus forts, selon la nature des bombes utilisées et l’emplacement des quartiers visés."},{"_id":"EKE6P25PMBAB3JI4N4QAC7CUWA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730067},"type":"text","content":"Pourtant, nous nous savons, sauf surprise (et ça arrive), en sécurité dans nos lieux de vie. <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/international/moyen-orient/frappe-inedite-au-coeur-de-beyrouth-de-toute-facon-ou-quon-aille-la-guerre-nous-suivra-20241117_CK4IUSH24VGDFGIPEAXIMMW6QM/\" target=\"_blank\">Les régions visées sont globalement identifiées</a> et même si le Liban est à peine plus grand que la Corse (<i>le premier des onze bombardements attendus vient d’avoir lieu, je l’entends en écrivant</i> <i>ces mots</i>), nous savons globalement quelles villes sont a priori à l’abri, quelles autres ne le sont pas."},{"level":2,"_id":"YFUQM2A6KJCFBE7J7Y3336HHYQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730071},"type":"header","content":"Bombardement ? Mur du son ? Orage ?"},{"_id":"MP7FLKIUZ5GRDAPAGEWBIFFJWQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730068},"type":"text","content":"Une situation étrange que cette proximité avec les destructions, mais dans une région où la vie continue. La guerre que se livrent le Hezbollah et Israël se déroule à quelques kilomètres, et nous l’entendons, alors que nous dormons, que nous dînons, que nous accompagnons notre fille à l’école, que nous allons au travail."},{"_id":"TYMGT5WJAFFH7PPNFM2NP535FA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730069},"type":"text","content":"C’est venu progressivement. Avant l’intensification des frappes dans la banlieue Sud, ce furent quelques semaines durant lesquelles nous entendions des bruits qui semblaient être des explosions mais que nous avons appris à identifier (<i>le deuxième bombardement sur les onze annoncés vient d’avoir lieu</i>) comme étant ceux d’avions de guerre passant le mur du son au-dessus de la capitale, dans une manœuvre d’intimidation."},{"_id":"CCIYGQ4HMNBFRBIC3HUZLBFS7I","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730070},"type":"text","content":"Puis les frappes dans la banlieue Sud ont commencé et avec elles le vrombissement incessant des drones de surveillance. Les premières frappes étaient les plus sonores (ou était-ce le manque d’habitude qui nous les faisait entendre plus fortement ?). Les premiers jours, elles avaient lieu la nuit. Elles nous réveillaient, plusieurs fois, à quelques quarts d’heures d’intervalles."},{"_id":"YFUQM2A6KJCFBE7J7Y3336HHYQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730071},"type":"text","content":"Depuis, nous sommes sensibles à certaines tonalités. Nous avons le réflexe de croiser nos regards, à la maison, lorsque survient un bruit de basse fréquence. Ce manège des regards échangés a également lieu dans les espaces publics, où chacun interroge des yeux les inconnus qui l’entourent. Bombardement ? Mur du son ? Orage ? Non il fait beau."},{"_id":"WO6CSE47AFDWHPJTDUUDOT36UE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730072},"type":"text","content":"Second réflexe : saisir nos téléphones pour consulter les informations en continu, vérifier puis localiser le lieu bombardé. Et la journée se poursuit, travail, école. Il est bientôt l’heure d’aller récupérer notre petite."},{"level":2,"_id":"5TFNJBTEGVBJTIIMJGYSSYJZJM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730073},"type":"header","content":"Je lui parle de «boums», elle répond «bombardement»"},{"_id":"5TFNJBTEGVBJTIIMJGYSSYJZJM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730073},"type":"text","content":"Nous avons mis quelque temps avant de mettre des mots sur les événements lorsque nous parlions à notre fille. Elle a 6 ans. Elle sentait de toute manière que quelque chose n’était pas habituel : son école a fermé quelques semaines, juste après la rentrée. Mais les cours en présentiel ont depuis repris et (un mal ou un bien ?) elle y entend des mots plus précis, de la bouche de ses camarades. Je lui parle de <i>«boums !»</i> (<i>«As-tu entendu un Boum ce matin à l’école ?»</i>), elle répond <i>«bombardement»</i>. Je lui dis qu’il <i>«se passe des choses dans le pays»</i>, elle répond <i>«guerre»</i>. Il y avait 25 élèves (<i>le troisième bombardement sur les onze annoncés vient d’avoir lieu</i>) dans sa classe de CE1 au début de l’année. Ils sont 13 désormais : une bonne moitié fait partie de ces familles qui ont choisi de quitter le pays."},{"_id":"OYV3S76DJZDVBASC2V5W37IZRU","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730074},"type":"text","content":"Quitter le pays."},{"_id":"TGOYDPHJO5HBNDDKUAWAEDDC4M","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730075},"type":"text","content":"Il y a trente-quatre ans, en 1990, nous avions quitté le pays, ma famille et moi. C’étaient les derniers mois de la grande guerre civile, ceux des combats les plus intenses dans nos régions."},{"_id":"CPFWC5NPGNGJ7OCIFS72R52C4E","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730076},"type":"text","content":"J’avais 5 ans. De mes cinq premières années vécues dans un Liban en guerre, je n’ai pas beaucoup de souvenirs. A vrai dire, un seul me revient, lié aux combats : nous dormions parfois dans le couloir d’entrée de l’appartement, pour nous éloigner des vitres."},{"_id":"JPQ6K2PVCBGWFJXY34W5VEW4Q4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730077},"type":"text","content":"Mes parents ont fui le pays en 1990, voyant leur région de plus en plus entraînée dans les violences. Ils sont partis sans autre nationalité que la libanaise, pour un projet incertain et hypothétique d’installation en France <i>(</i>u<i>n quatrième et un cinquième bombardement sur les onze annoncés viennent d’avoir lieu l’un à la suite de l’autre</i>). Là, durant cinq années, ils se sont réinventés. Mon père travaillait au Liban dans les banques et le voilà tentant l’aventure d’ouvrir un petit traiteur libanais dans les Yvelines. Ma mère, elle, est devenue assistante maternelle. De 1990 à 1995, c’étaient des demandes de titres de séjour renouvelées chaque année."},{"level":2,"_id":"DPH7JFUURRG4LKD2RQ4ATUNDQI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730078},"type":"header","content":"Dessins animés du «Club Dorothée»"},{"_id":"DPH7JFUURRG4LKD2RQ4ATUNDQI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730078},"type":"text","content":"Pourtant, ces cinq années passées en France, dans mes yeux d’enfant, ont été les plus belles qui soient. J’y ai enraciné quelques bases culturelles (diluées aujourd’hui dans bien d’autres apports ultérieurs) : c’était un mélange hétéroclite de premiers livres lus (collection bleue Mini-Club des éditions Hemma), de bande dessinée (<i>Billy the Kid, Alix l’intrépide, Astérix en Hispanie…</i>) et de dessins animés du <i>Club Dorothée</i> (que de mémorables génériques). Malgré un retour au Liban à l’âge de 10 ans, je suis depuis resté essentiellement francophone, bien plus qu’arabophone, ce qui, à bien des égards, a façonné la suite de ma vie, tant personnelle que professionnelle."},{"_id":"KLX6M6L2XNBM3AADAI3SIP75II","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730079},"type":"text","content":"S’il n’est plus étonnant pour personne que l’Histoire avec un grand H se répète, on ressent un petit trouble lorsqu’on se rend compte qu’elle se répète aussi, par ricochet, à l’échelle individuelle, à une génération d’écart. Nous parlons à la maison d’un projet de départ du Liban. Ma fille, Loucine, a presque l’âge que j’avais en 1990."},{"_id":"DSFLJMNVMFGJHL7CSNHCMJRZSA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730080},"type":"text","content":"Six des onze bombardements attendus ce matin ont eu lieu. Je vous laisse alors que nous savons qu’il en reste cinq à venir. Ma fille sort de sa journée d’école dans une heure. La direction de son établissement a envoyé, alors que j’écrivais ces mots, un message qui nous assure que, durant cette matinée ponctuée de <i>«Boum !»</i>, les enseignants se chargent de rassurer les enfants. Ils n’ont rien à craindre dans le quartier où se situe l’école. Mais les bombardements ont lieu à quelques petits kilomètres à vol d’oiseau."},{"_id":"ABVIRPIGANDM7D4OKOFA5IJOSQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730081},"type":"text","content":"Les journées sont comme ça, ces temps-ci."},{"_id":"5FKWAT4U4RBD7K6LTPMUVQ7VQY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731508730082},"type":"text","content":"PS : Alors que je relis ce texte, les onze bombardements annoncés ont bien eu lieu. Ainsi que deux autres, «surprises», sur des quartiers pour lesquels aucun ordre d’évacuation n’avait été émis. Ma fille m’a raconté qu’à la place de la deuxième récré, ses camarades et elle ont mangé en classe parce qu’il y avait <i>«des travaux et du ménage»</i> dans la cour. Finalement, les mots qu’elle entend à l’école ne sont pas toujours si précis que ça !"},{"_id":"6YJ4WLPJSND5HO65FWGEZLZB4M","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732650747133},"type":"text","content":"PS 2 : Mardi 26 novembre. Paris. Ma fille (que nous avons emmenée pour éviter tout risque de fermeture de l’aéroport qui nous séparerait) m’a accompagné ce matin à Libé. Alors que mon téléphone vibre au rythme des messages sur l’éventualité de l’annonce imminente d’un accord de cessez-le-feu (signé depuis quelques jours par le Liban mais en attente d’Israël), la prudence est de mise. Mais tout au long de la journée, les bombardements sont allés en s’intensifiant, dans ce qui ressemble à une opération de clôture. L’annonce de la signature du cessez-le-feu vient de tomber, alors qu’en plein Paris, nous cuisinons, chez nos hôtes, un plat libanais à base de riz et de petits pois. Reste bien sûr le plus difficile : bâtir une véritable stabilité future. Ma fille nous a demandé, en arrivant à Charles-de-Gaulle vendredi, s’il y avait des «Boums» dans ce pays. Toutes considérations géopolitiques mises de côté, je suis en tout cas heureux de lui dire qu’il n’y en aura plus au Liban pour le moment."}],"subheadlines":{"basic":"Déjà forcé de quitter Beyrouth pour la France avec sa famille quand il avait 5 ans, l’auteur libanais Ralph Doumit se retrouve confronté à la même question que ses parents avant lui : doit-il à son tour quitter le Liban pour arracher sa fille de 6 ans à la guerre ? Récit entrecoupé de bombardements."},"description":{"basic":"Déjà forcé de quitter Beyrouth pour la France avec sa famille quand il avait 5 ans, l’auteur Ralph Doumit se retrouve confronté à la même question que ses parents avant lui: doit-il quitter le Liban pour arracher sa fille à la guerre?"},"language":"","source":{"system":"composer","name":"liberation","source_type":"staff"},"taxonomy":{"primary_site":{"path":"/international/moyen-orient","parent_id":"/international","name":"Moyen-Orient","description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité politique et économique des pays du Moyen-Orient sur Libération : Irak, Iran, Israël, Jordanie, Palestine, Arabie Saoudite...","_id":"/international/moyen-orient","additional_properties":{"original":{"parent":{"footer2":"/international","default":"/international","footer":null,"burgermenu":"/international","amp-menu":"/international","headernav":"/international"},"site":{"pagebuilder_path_for_native_apps":null,"site_url":null,"site_keywords":null,"site_about":null,"site_description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité politique et économique des pays du Moyen-Orient sur Libération : Irak, Iran, Israël, Jordanie, Palestine, Arabie Saoudite...","site_title":"Moyen-Orient : actualités et infos sur la région - 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article est tiré du </b></i><b>Libé spécial auteur·es jeunesse.</b><i><b> Pour la sixième année, </b></i><b>Libération </b><i><b>se met aux couleurs et textes de la jeunesse pour le Salon du livre de Montreuil qui ouvre ses portes le 27 novembre. Retrouvez tous les articles </b></i><a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/dossier/pages-jeunes/\"><i><b>ici</b></i></a><i><b>.</b></i>"},{"_id":"3EXDL2EY3RA5FOQNBMT7JPCALA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732186067032},"type":"text","content":"Commençons par rappeler une évidence : les cavernes n’étaient pas des lieux de vie à la Préhistoire. Les humains du Paléolithique établissaient souvent leurs campements dans des abris-sous-roches largement ouverts sur l’extérieur, de préférence exposés directement à la lumière du Soleil, et jamais au fond des grottes. Ces lieux hors du commun étaient donc investis d’une fonction particulière, peut-être comparables à des sanctuaires. Depuis très longtemps, les Néandertaliens ont aménagé ponctuellement des cavernes <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/futurs/2016/05/25/bruniquel-la-grotte-des-surprises-sur-neandertal_1455205/\" target=\"_blank\">comme à Bruniquel</a> (Tarn-et-Garonne), où des stalagmites ont été brisées et assemblées en cercle sur le sol il y a environ 176 000 ans, toutefois les parois n’y sont pas décorées. Les grottes ornées sont en réalité le propre de notre espèce, <i>Homo</i> <i>sapiens</i>, qui s’est étendu hors d’Afrique il y a environ 65 000 ans. Mais pourquoi peindre au fond des cavernes ?"},{"_id":"DLTHDEKUUZF3FOIN3VYPEFBFE4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732045333173},"type":"text","content":"Pour aller dessiner à la lumière d’une torche avec un morceau de charbon ou d’ocre dans ces cavités, souvent dans les salles où l’écho est le plus présent ou dans les recoins les plus inaccessibles, les humains étaient manifestement guidés par une intention très précise. Ils ont représenté majoritairement des animaux mais aussi de nombreux signes abstraits, des points, des quadrillages, des mains positives et négatives ou de simples tracés dans l’argile. Les représentations humaines, elles, sont rares, souvent réduites à des silhouettes schématiques. Plusieurs dizaines de millénaires plus tard, il faut bien admettre que le sens de ces images nous échappe largement. En la matière, tout a été proposé : rite de chasse, initiation des jeunes, contact avec les esprits des morts, dessins d’autistes préhistoriques, manifestations purement artistiques, relevés astronomiques… A partir des années 1970, avec l’inspiration des nouveaux psychotropes comme le LSD, il est même suggéré que les peintures sont les empreintes de «transes chamaniques» assistées de substances hallucinogènes."},{"level":2,"_id":"3CBWVJW5ORAW3CM5T5VKGCJAWA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732045333175},"type":"header","content":"Parenté d’esprit avec les totems"},{"_id":"637KMIN3NJFQZMWXTRLYTTFLAQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732045333174},"type":"text","content":"Toutefois, il ne faut pas jeter le bébé mammouth avec l’eau du bain. Repousser en bloc toutes ces interprétations hasardeuses et conclure qu’il est impossible de comprendre l’art des cavernes serait un terrible aveu d’échec. Aujourd’hui, des hypothèses fécondes tentent de reconstituer le mode de pensée des humains du Paléolithique à partir d’exemples de peuples actuels, ou étudiés au XXe siècle par les anthropologues. C’est ainsi que dans <i>la Caverne originelle</i> (la Découverte, 2022), <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/livres/2017/12/06/la-dynamique-des-mythes_1614894/\" target=\"_blank\">Jean-Loïc Le Quellec</a> explore les enseignements de la mythologie comparée. Grâce à des centaines de variations recueillies par les ethnologues dans le monde entier, il considère que les cavernes racontent le mythe originel de l’émergence souterraine des humains et des animaux, un mythe probablement diffusé avec l’expansion de <i>Sapiens</i> sur les différents continents."},{"subtype":"title_only","_id":"CVOADN2QBNBBPIKJ4UGWZUBOR4","additional_properties":{"comments":[],"_id":"7H6NHA23PVFIXMJD3U7L6JM5CE"},"title":"A lire, notre compte-rendu de l'exposition","type":"link_list","items":[{"description":{"_id":"QJGGM4BY3VGARM3GJSG6EBXJAM","type":"text","content":""},"_id":"LRUX3SU3DFDHJBZQPICKQRAIO4","type":"interstitial_link","content":"A la Cité des sciences, dans la peau des scientifiques de la grotte Chauvet","url":"https://www.liberation.fr/sciences/archeologie/a-la-cite-des-sciences-dans-la-peau-des-scientifiques-de-la-grotte-chauvet-20241016_ZYWYITWCABDSHKQKZOWKADZLVA/"}]},{"_id":"3CBWVJW5ORAW3CM5T5VKGCJAWA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732045333175},"type":"text","content":"Une autre hypothèse tout aussi stimulante est celle de l’anthropologue français <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/livres/2018/07/25/l-esclavage-statut-tristement-universel_1668814/\" target=\"_blank\">Alain Testart</a> (1945-2013). Spécialiste des sociétés aborigènes d’Australie, Testart rapproche l’art des cavernes européennes du totémisme australien. Dans ce système de pensée, chaque individu appartient à un groupe qui s’incarne dans un totem non-humain, le plus souvent un animal. Différents de lui physiquement, les humains partagent en réalité une parenté d’esprit avec leur totem, ils forment une seule et même <i>espèce</i>. Or il est vrai que cette notion obsède également les peintres préhistoriques. En effet, les animaux d’une même espèce ne se recouvrent presque jamais, mais sont au contraire représentés en ligne, affrontés ou opposés. Certaines espèces sont aussi particulièrement présentes, parfois sans rapport avec leur abondance dans l’environnement de l’époque."},{"level":2,"_id":"A4JFX55JCVAAXMO4L4WEHXD6EA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732045333176},"type":"header","content":"Sites sacrés, pierres ou trous d’eau"},{"_id":"A4JFX55JCVAAXMO4L4WEHXD6EA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732045333176},"type":"text","content":"De plus, dans l’art préhistorique, le jeu avec les reliefs des parois, suggérant aux peintres des formes à accentuer ou à compléter, semble indiquer que les êtres vivants sont préconçus dans la nature et n’attendent plus qu’à en émerger. Une idée de latence qui est aussi très présente dans le totémisme australien, où la vie émane des sites sacrés, pierres ou trous d’eau, dans lesquels les êtres du «Temps du rêve» se sont assoupis. On y pratique donc des rites de multiplication, pour permettre le renouvellement des espèces."},{"_id":"YENRIFBFMFE6VJKCF45VVHZ4UQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732045333177},"type":"text","content":"Selon Testart, au Paléolithique, la grotte représenterait donc un état originel du monde, dans lequel les humains sont encore associés à ces animaux-totems : <i>«Dans ce lieu, les représentations animales sont assez réalistes, alors que l’on ne rencontre en guise d’humains que des hybrides et des formes larvaires ou incomplètes»</i> (<i>Art et religion de Chauvet à Lascaux</i>, Gallimard, 2016). En somme, l’art des cavernes raconterait l’apparition des différentes espèces animales, la lente émergence de l’ordre totémique dans un grand chaos primordial."}],"subheadlines":{"basic":"Tandis que les visiteurs de l’expo à la Cité des sciences et de l’industrie de la Villette sont invités à se mettre dans la peau des chercheurs, ces derniers peaufinent leurs théories sur la signification des peintures préhistoriques."},"description":{"basic":"Tandis que les visiteurs de l’expo à la Cité des sciences et de l’industrie de la Villette sont invités à se mettre dans la peau des chercheurs, ces derniers peaufinent leurs théories sur la signification des peintures préhistoriques."},"language":"","source":{"system":"composer","name":"liberation","source_type":"staff"},"taxonomy":{"primary_site":{"path":"/culture/livres","parent_id":"/culture","name":"Livres","description":"Retrouvez toute l'actualité littéraire : critiques et nouveautés livres, le cahier livres, nos rencontres et interviews 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article est tiré du </b></i><b>Libé spécial auteur·es jeunesse.</b><i><b> Pour la sixième année, </b></i><b>Libération</b><i><b> se met aux couleurs et textes de la jeunesse pour le Salon du livre de Montreuil qui ouvre ses portes ce mercredi 27 novembre. Retrouvez tous les articles </b></i><a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/dossier/pages-jeunes/\"><i><b>ici</b></i></a><i><b>.</b></i>"},{"_id":"4MSXEG6GCZEUVM5NYTCHB5NJZM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732097606132},"type":"text","content":"Rayan (1) a 23 ans ; depuis un mois, il s’ennuie dans un open space, à Roissy. Rayan, c’est un cursus relativement classique : école de commerce, MBA en communication et marketing digital, Erasmus festif à Vienne, alternance dans une collectivité locale. La collectivité ne pouvant pas le conserver, il s’est mis en quête d’un premier emploi."},{"_id":"XUQ2B5ESGBEV7EJHCTBG6OK65Q","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1730893301007},"type":"text","content":"Séduit par un directeur marketing qui lui a <i>«clairement vendu du rêve»</i>, il a accepté un contrat de trois ans dans une entreprise spécialisée dans les cuisines sur mesure – loin, bien loin de la communauté citoyenne d’Arthur Auboeuf, le chantre de la transition écologique dont il aimerait, un jour, rejoindre la brigade. Rayan pensait avoir été recruté par une <i>«boîte créative»</i> ; il se voyait chef de projets aussi innovants que des mille-feuilles en tourbillon, pour filer la métaphore culinaire. <i>«Je fabrique des yaourts nature, en fait. Zéro innovation. Je ne suis pas sûr de rester.»</i>"},{"_id":"4IXNYDIG5FEXZLCFNH24VR2RKA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1730893301008},"type":"text","content":"Manon, 26 ans, a un parcours plus atypique. Licence d’archéologie en poche, elle a voulu donner du sens à sa vie professionnelle. Aide-soignante ? Comédienne ? Responsable événementiel ? Elle a testé, essayé, est aussi passée par la case serveuse pour payer son loyer. <i>«Exigeante sur les valeurs»</i> mais aussi à la recherche de flexibilité, elle est prête à <i>«zapper»</i> du jour au lendemain un employeur qui ne répondrait pas à ses attentes éthiques, comme on «swipe» un candidat à l’amour peu engageant sur une appli de rencontre. Ce qu’elle a fait récemment avec une agence de recrutement : les horaires étaient moins difficiles que dans la restauration, mais la pression n’était pas acceptable."},{"level":2,"_id":"KVJ7CODLJ5GNBK6RYZPFOPSPHM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1730893301011},"type":"header","content":"Ecologie, diversité, égalité des chances"},{"_id":"ZUA5DIC5FFGEVDCIDR7RUDQOYY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1730893301010},"type":"text","content":"<a href=\"https://www.cesi.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Ipsos-CESI-Les-attentes-des-etudiants-a-legard-des-entreprises-Presentation.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Le dernier observatoire sociétal d’Ipsos </a>le confirme : sus aux idées reçues, <a href=\"https://www.liberation.fr/checknews/2019/11/22/boomer-x-y-z-a-quoi-correspondent-ces-generations_1764724/\" target=\"_blank\">la génération Z de Rayan et Manon, née entre 1997 et 2010, </a>ne renverse pas la table du rapport au travail. Ainsi les «zoomers» souhaitent des responsabilités, la rémunération reste le critère majeur d’attractivité d’un poste… En revanche, cette génération déplace quelques chaises ; elle est plus exigeante. Si 84 % des jeunes interrogés disent <i>«avoir le goût du travail»</i>, une majorité évoque une insatisfaction croissante quant aux perspectives offertes par le monde du salariat. Hors de question de laisser son âme dans un CDD, comme le scande le rappeur Georgio dans sa chanson <i>Je regarde le ciel pleurer</i>. La stabilité, graal de leurs parents, n’est pas davantage un vecteur de motivation ; le CDI ou les concours de la fonction publique ne sont plus des tubes de l’été, ce sont à peine des stents."},{"_id":"KVJ7CODLJ5GNBK6RYZPFOPSPHM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1730893301011},"type":"text","content":"La Gen Z est surtout la première génération à donner, à 74 %, la priorité aux valeurs et aux engagements d’une entreprise dans sa recherche d’emploi. Elle attend des employeurs qu’ils portent des sujets forts, écologie, diversité, égalité des chances. Certains refuseront tout simplement de s’engager dans une entreprise polluante, ou dont le taux d’emploi de travailleurs handicapés serait ridiculement bas. <i>«Il ne s’agit pas de travailler pour travailler»</i>, ajoute Laura, née en 1998, qui est passée par la case alternance et a privilégié les «structures à taille humaine» dans sa recherche de premier emploi."},{"_id":"4I2KDAKADZFZNNPTSGDBDVODIE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1730893301012},"type":"text","content":"Par ailleurs, selon la même étude Ipsos, 80 % des jeunes interrogés estiment également que l’équilibre entre la vie professionnelle et la vie personnelle est important, voire primordial. Ils revendiquent le droit à la déconnexion réelle en dehors des heures de travail. Ils refusent de raboter leur temps libre pour relire une note ou corriger un rapport, s’affranchissant d’un modèle parental qui a souvent immolé des soirées ou des week-ends sur l’autel du rendement – et qui enviera sans doute leur courage."},{"level":2,"_id":"UOSUN3YF5NDYLA6VRKHTFRWN4E","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1730893301016},"type":"header","content":"«Présentéisme par ressentiment»"},{"_id":"YQ4ROXBNXNAIZBVKLDA4TIWL7M","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1730893301013},"type":"text","content":"En outre, le rapport vertical et hiérarchique est devenu obsolète pour les jeunes générations. Les «zoomers» aspirent à des relations plus horizontales, avec dialogue constant et décisions partagées – une sorte de «mode projet» permanent, pour reprendre une autre expression à la mode."},{"_id":"WI2IHJT6JFFYFCAW2YH3ZLRYWI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1730893301015},"type":"text","content":"Les jeunes ne veulent plus perdre de temps avec un employeur qui ne leur convient pas : d’après une enquête réalisée en mars 2023 (2), 81 % déclarent qu’ils ont quitté ou sont prêts à quitter leur emploi pour rejoindre une entreprise plus en phase avec leurs valeurs, comme l’a fait récemment Manon. Ce qui les poussera à en changer plus régulièrement que leurs prédécesseurs sur le marché du travail – au moins trois fois au cours de leur vie professionnelle, nous dit une étude menée par un cabinet britannique de conseil en recrutement."},{"_id":"UOSUN3YF5NDYLA6VRKHTFRWN4E","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1730893301016},"type":"text","content":"A l’inverse, le contexte économique et la précarité de l’emploi poussent certains jeunes actifs à conserver (en soupirant) des postes insatisfaisants, faute de meilleures alternatives. Il est beau, le résultat : présence physique minimale – on arrive tard, puis on part tôt –, investissement émotionnel très limité… C’est ce que des experts anglo-saxons ont joliment nommé le <i>resenteeism </i>– que l’on pourrait traduire par «présentéisme par ressentiment» ou «désengagement par frustration». Loin du départ tonitruant (quatre vérités hurlées au manager en pleine réunion de service, lancer olympique d’agrafeuse, démission envoyée en «répondre à tous» : un luxe pour beaucoup), cette tendance s’ancre dans la Gen Z, puisque celle-ci privilégie des environnements de travail où les valeurs de bien-être, d’éthique et d’apprentissage continu sont respectées. Si leurs attentes ne sont pas comblées, si elles sont amplifiées par d’autres facteurs comme le manque de responsabilités, le «resenteeism» peut les toucher – voilà ce que couve Rayan au pays des cuisines et des yaourts."},{"_id":"2GXKAZP5XRBAXID63TF6K6XH24","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1730893301018},"type":"text","content":"Face aux nouvelles attentes de la Gen Z et aux risques de désengagement, de turnover, de nombreux recruteurs tâtonnent. Comment concilier les exigences d’une génération en quête de sens, d’autonomie et de flexibilité avec les impératifs économiques ?"},{"level":2,"_id":"IA3X2A63CFCKHMSRHCVYOGJPXQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1730893301020},"type":"header","content":"«Happiness manager» en carton"},{"_id":"4PQS36Q5A5BQ3BCDGL6BO6KV3E","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1730893301019},"type":"text","content":"Les employeurs publics et privés ont déjà compris qu’il fallait hisser haut le drapeau du sens. Linkedin, le Léon Marchand des réseaux sociaux professionnels, a ainsi enregistré une augmentation de 154 % des offres d’emploi mettant en avant les valeurs d’une entreprise pour des postes de juniors.<i> </i>«<i>Cette génération cherche quelque chose de plus grand qu’un poste</i>, confirme le chef de projet marque employeur d’une grande ville – zoomer, lui aussi. <i>Lors des forums emploi, il n’est pas rare qu’on nous interroge sur nos valeurs avant d’évoquer les missions. Et ce sont souvent nos engagements – proximité, accompagnement, adaptabilité, fierté d’appartenir à un collectif – qui font la différence.»</i>"},{"_id":"IA3X2A63CFCKHMSRHCVYOGJPXQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1730893301020},"type":"text","content":"Le sujet de la qualité de vie au travail ne doit pas non plus être traité par un <i>happiness manager</i> en carton qui entretient la confusion entre environnement de travail sain et bonheur. Il faut du concret réaliste : KPMG offre ainsi 50 heures de congé pour obligations personnelles en cas d’imprévus, ou pour que ses employés consacrent du temps à leur santé mentale. Quant au télétravail qui séduit tant cette génération, en dépit des réticences de certaines entreprises qui pédalent en arrière par crainte de pertes de productivité, il doit continuer d’offrir à chacun la possibilité de (re) prendre le contrôle de son emploi du temps. Pour brûler des calories (Ryan) ou bien écrire quelques pages d’un futur roman (Manon). Pas fan du «TT», Laura prône quant à elle les horaires flexibles : elle veut simplement s’extraire du carcan du 9h-17h pour gérer son agenda de manière optimale."},{"level":2,"_id":"LZWVZ6JC6FF5ZFY6KQCVM3JCUY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1730893301021},"type":"header","content":"Séances de coaching"},{"_id":"LZWVZ6JC6FF5ZFY6KQCVM3JCUY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1730893301021},"type":"text","content":"Elargissons la réflexion… Pourquoi ne pas remettre en cause les cinq jours travaillés ? Comme en Allemagne, où une nouvelle expérimentation de la semaine écourtée vient d’être réalisée avec succès (seules 20 % des entreprises qui l’ont testée y ont renoncé, ce qui est encourageant) ? Les jeunes actifs, qui plébiscitent à 83 % la semaine de quatre jours, creuseront sans doute cette piste."},{"_id":"AO55ZMAM2ZDKRGVKPT5S4H6SOA","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[]},"type":"text","content":"Enfin, cette génération avide d’apprentissage a besoin d’opportunités de formation continue. Soit : des modules d’autoformation, des classes virtuelles, des séances de coaching pour se maintenir à un haut niveau de performance… Mais aussi une vraie transmission des compétences alors que, pour la première fois, quatre générations sont au travail. D’après l’Institut CSA, 90 % des jeunes actifs jugent enrichissant de collaborer avec des collègues plus expérimentés. Des projets multigénérationnels pourraient renforcer la cohésion au sein d’une entreprise, comme le mentorat, voire le mentorat inversé, pour apprendre les uns des autres et renforcer les liens entre les différentes générations."},{"_id":"UP63Q5IH65FY3JKSN7GGIGFGU4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1730893301022},"type":"text","content":"Rayan a prévu d’envoyer avant Noël une candidature spontanée à Arthur Auboeuf. Quant à Manon, elle a peut-être identifié une voie en adéquation avec ses aspirations : le professorat. La Gen Z avance à tâtons, mais elle avance."},{"_id":"OEKNXBU6E5GSTE7BHDGQCLDMTQ","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732545111558},"type":"text","content":"(1) Le prénom a été changé."},{"_id":"CC7FAFRYSND7HK577RDK6I3PPM","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[]},"type":"text","content":"(2) Censuswide, LinkedIn, mars 2023."}],"subheadlines":{"basic":"Plusieurs études détaillent une nouvelle conception du travail et de la carrière chez les jeunes nés entre 1997 et 2010. Pour nombre d’entre eux, pas question de faire passer la vie professionnelle avant la vie privée ni d’intégrer une entreprise qui ne serait pas en adéquation avec leurs propres valeurs."},"description":{"basic":"Des études détaillent une nouvelle conception du travail chez les jeunes nés entre 1997 et 2010. 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Célèbres pour les pistes de dinosaures de la première commune, pour leurs remarquables lapiaz (formation géologique issue du creusement du calcaire par les eaux de pluie) et les passages de lynx, les deux voisines hoquettent un matin de 2020 à l’annonce d’un grand projet de parc photovoltaïque en milieu naturel."},{"_id":"TCCPB625UZDBBN64C6FKFANK3Y","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731680777231},"type":"text","content":"<i>«En allant démarcher les petites communes, les développeurs de parcs photovoltaïques mettent en avant les retombées économiques locales, </i>analyse<i> </i>Sacha du Cercle photovoltaïque du Collectif citoyens résistants de Champagnole<i>. Cette stratégie est pertinente lorsque l’on connaît leurs situations budgétaires de plus en plus serrées. La production forestière représente une recette importante pour ces communes de faible densité, mais les forêts jurassiennes souffrent grandement des épisodes de sécheresse récurrents qui favorisent la colonisation par le scolyte et les monocultures d’épicéas, non adaptées au changement climatique, sèchent sur pied massivement. Le marché se retrouve actuellement saturé et les prix s’effondrent. Pourquoi donc ne pas remplacer ces forêts devenues non rentables par des parcs de production d’énergie “décarbonée”? C’est l’argument phare que font valoir ces porteurs de projet.»</i>"},{"_id":"CNRHM7JLANE3JDW3ETJ23BSYQE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732544065925},"type":"text","content":"L’emprise du projet, porté par Cévennes Energy, filiale d’une holding suisse, et soutenu localement par le biais d’une société d’économie mixte qui compte le conseil régional et les syndicats intercommunaux du Doubs et du Jura parmi ses actionnaires, inclut des secteurs sensibles du plateau, lapiaz forestiers, prairies sèches à dalles affleurantes, lésines et dolines (crevasses et dépressions)."},{"level":2,"_id":"CDLUCMBBMVGLBLH53VHS322ZUY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731680777235},"type":"header","content":"Surfaces anthropisées"},{"_id":"RZFA3N6IXNGZZPRWYHKVDRUQDU","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731680777234},"type":"text","content":"La lecture de l’étude initiale suscite immédiatement des oppositions qui se cristallisent en collectif d’habitant·e·s, de paysan·ne·s, de spéléologues, de naturalistes et de chasseurs qui savent s’entendre par mauvais temps. «<i>Le contexte karstique résulte d’un lent processus étalé sur des millénaires de creusement de failles, pertes, gouffres, </i>dit Vincent, de Jura Nature Environnement (JNE).<i> Ces paysages offrent une extraordinaire diversité d’ambiances et de micro-milieux propres à accueillir sur de faibles surfaces des végétations pionnières parvenant à se développer sur les dalles rocheuses, des invertébrés s’abritant dans les failles ombragées et humides et, dans le cas de cavités plus profondes, de petites populations de chauves-souris (notamment petit et grand rhinolophes) menacées à l’échelle européenne.»</i>"},{"_id":"CDLUCMBBMVGLBLH53VHS322ZUY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731680777235},"type":"text","content":"Le promoteur évoque quant à lui <i>«des zones boisées pauvres suivant les critères établis par l’ONF [Office national des forêts] : friches agricoles, taillis dépérissant, bois non productif»</i>... L’ONF dépose pourtant un avis défavorable au projet final en mars 2024, «<i>sur le principe de préservation des espaces forestiers et celui de l’incompatibilité de la production d’énergie photovoltaïque avec la sylviculture</i>». La carotte de trois jeunes arbres plantés pour un vieil arbre arraché ne suffit pas. Le mois suivant, c’est la mission régionale d’autorité environnementale de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (Mrae) qui alerte : «<i>Au vu des incidences environnementales fortes du projet, le choix du site retenu est de nature à porter de graves atteintes aux milieux naturels et aux espèces.</i>» La commission départementale de préservation des espaces naturels, agricoles et forestiers (, qui lutte contre l’artificialisation des terres agricoles, enjeu des plus actuels, s’exprime aussi en défaveur du défrichement de ces sites. <i>«Au-delà de la nécessaire sobriété énergétique, puisque l’addition de l’ensemble des productions d’énergies renouvelables ne parviendra pas à remplacer nos productions d’origine fossile et nucléaire, l’accent doit être donné à l’implantation de centrales photovoltaïques sur les zones déjà imperméabilisées (parkings, toitures), au plus proche des lieux de consommation», </i>défend Vincent de JNE. Et Champagnole, ville de 8 000 habitant·e·s située à 4 kilomètres du site de Loulle, au pied du plateau de Balerne, ne manque pas de ces surfaces anthropisées."},{"subtype":"title_only","_id":"BT4SSH5ODFH4LL6JVURUSGATSM","additional_properties":{"comments":[],"_id":"WTWYI3QUJFC2ZGRRH54445X4LQ"},"title":"A lire aussi","type":"link_list","items":[{"description":{"_id":"2NSOEQRN6NCAFKISDMQ2WU5BFY","type":"text","content":""},"_id":"TXC54WKOKNAVNOOHU6M32EGK5M","type":"interstitial_link","content":"Pour un arrêt du déploiement de centrales photovoltaïques en milieux naturels","url":"https://www.liberation.fr/idees-et-debats/pour-un-arret-du-deploiement-de-centrales-photovoltaiques-en-milieux-naturels-20241105_2SD3ZVP5VVHB5FQWFGONVI35VA/"}]},{"_id":"CUFZM2HHO5FLTIF6UN3JK5HURI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731680777236},"type":"text","content":"Comme partout mais plus encore dans le Jura karstique où les eaux s’infiltrent et circulent dans un ensemble de failles et de conduits souterrains, la question de la ressource et des cycles s’impose désormais comme prioritaire. Selon Florent Tissot, du comité départemental de spéléologie du Jura, «n<i>otre connaissance karstique du plateau de Balerne reste lacunaire. Cela pose une question éthique de détruire un écosystème dont on ignore le fonctionnement précis et ses connexions avec le karst plus profond encore inconnu. Toutefois, on peut affirmer que l’artificialisation du karst superficiel n’est pas sans incidence sur la circulation des eaux. Il faut attendre une modification des régimes aux résurgences: étiages et crues plus prononcés. On peut aussi craindre des pollutions plus nombreuses aux résurgences au moment du chantier ou dans la phase de fonctionnement (nettoyage des panneaux)».</i>"},{"level":2,"_id":"I5PSK75VPRB3XEJWKQZPMSMYVY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732544065931},"type":"header","content":"Donner son avis en ligne"},{"_id":"I5PSK75VPRB3XEJWKQZPMSMYVY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1732544065932},"type":"text","content":"L’étude d’implantation initiale envisage 420 hectares d’artificialisation, mais la surface se réduit au fil des mobilisations locales et citoyennes, des expertises, des recours et des études rectificatives : 122 hectares puis bientôt 87 organisés en 3 lots pour une première demande de permis de construire en 2022. C’est 51 hectares pour la proposition finale soumise à l’enquête publique unique, dernier maillon de la chaîne des procédures réglementaires de validation d’un projet impactant. Durant 33 jours, du 5 septembre au 7 octobre 2024, chacun peut consulter les 1 800 pages des 39 dossiers, donner son avis en ligne, par courrier ou en mairie durant les quelques demi-journées allouées à la consultation physique. La conclusion de la commission d’enquête est tombée le 6 novembre : avis défavorable, ce qui est rare à ce stade avancé du parcours."},{"_id":"TYPESIWZGBF5LCMTMLYXPWYHBY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[],"_id":1731680777241},"type":"text","content":"Mais à la fin de l’histoire, c’est toujours le préfet qui décide. Celui du Jura rendra sa décision dans les prochains jours, autorisant ou non le défrichement des 51 hectares de zones naturelles et l’implantation de quelque 80 000 panneaux. Comme il décidera du sort du projet photovoltaïque suivant, porté cette fois par une filiale du conglomérat allemand RWE, grand extracteur de lignite, et envisagé en milieu naturel sur les sensibles prairies sèches de Pimorin, commune de 206 âmes située à une trentaine de kilomètres de Loulle et Mont-sur-Monnet, à vol de bécasse."}],"subheadlines":{"basic":"Malgré les mobilisations citoyennes et les avis défavorables, le projet d’implantation d’un grand parc en milieu naturel et fragile n’est pas abandonné. Chacun attend le dernier mot du préfet, dans les prochains jours."},"description":{"basic":"Malgré les mobilisations citoyennes et les avis défavorables, le projet d’implantation d’un grand parc en milieu naturel et fragile n’est pas abandonné. 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