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Stivala</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34689799" type="text/json">{"id":34689799,"first_name":"A.","last_name":"Stivala","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AStivala","display_name":"A. 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Stivala","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AStivala?f_ri=549972","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":8089,"name":"Virology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virology?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":37834,"name":"Western blotting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":39977,"name":"Measles Virus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Measles_Virus?f_ri=549972"},{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child?f_ri=549972"},{"id":146049,"name":"Rubella Virus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rubella_Virus?f_ri=549972"},{"id":216801,"name":"Journal of Virological Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Journal_of_Virological_Methods?f_ri=549972"},{"id":253560,"name":"Newborn Infant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Newborn_Infant?f_ri=549972"},{"id":358222,"name":"Mumps Virus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mumps_Virus?f_ri=549972"},{"id":549972,"name":"Microchemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microchemistry?f_ri=549972"},{"id":901876,"name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensitivity_and_Specificity?f_ri=549972"},{"id":1716403,"name":"immunoglobulin G","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/immunoglobulin_G?f_ri=549972"},{"id":1841105,"name":"Paper","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paper?f_ri=549972"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_76159960" data-work_id="76159960" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76159960/Parallel_human_genome_analysis_microarray_based_expression_monitoring_of_1000_genes">Parallel human genome analysis: microarray-based expression monitoring of 1000 genes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Microarrays containing 1046 human cDNAs of unknown sequence were printed on glass with high-speed robotics. These 1.0-cm2 DNA &quot;chips&quot; were used to quantitatively monitor differential expression of the cognate human genes using a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_76159960" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Microarrays containing 1046 human cDNAs of unknown sequence were printed on glass with high-speed robotics. These 1.0-cm2 DNA &quot;chips&quot; were used to quantitatively monitor differential expression of the cognate human genes using a highly sensitive two-color hybridization assay. Array elements that displayed differential expression patterns under given experimental conditions were characterized by sequencing. The identification of known and novel heat shock and phorbol ester-regulated genes in human T cells demonstrates the sensitivity of the assay. Parallel gene analysis with microarrays provides a rapid and efficient method for large-scale human gene discovery.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/76159960" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3d0021b70cb677bde9ecf056950e67b1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83994770,"asset_id":76159960,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83994770/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMjkzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="99627361" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarkSchena">Mark Schena</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="99627361" type="text/json">{"id":99627361,"first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Schena","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarkSchena","display_name":"Mark Schena","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarkSchena?f_ri=549972","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_76159960 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="76159960"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 76159960, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_76159960", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_76159960 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 76159960; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_76159960"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_76159960 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="76159960"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 76159960; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=76159960]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_76159960").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_76159960").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="76159960"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9770" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology_Assessment">Technology Assessment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9770" type="text/json">{"id":9770,"name":"Technology Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology_Assessment?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27784" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression">Gene expression</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="27784" type="text/json">{"id":27784,"name":"Gene expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=76159960]'), work: {"id":76159960,"title":"Parallel human genome analysis: microarray-based expression monitoring of 1000 genes","created_at":"2022-04-11T14:58:04.762-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/76159960/Parallel_human_genome_analysis_microarray_based_expression_monitoring_of_1000_genes?f_ri=549972","dom_id":"work_76159960","summary":"Microarrays containing 1046 human cDNAs of unknown sequence were printed on glass with high-speed robotics. These 1.0-cm2 DNA \u0026quot;chips\u0026quot; were used to quantitatively monitor differential expression of the cognate human genes using a highly sensitive two-color hybridization assay. Array elements that displayed differential expression patterns under given experimental conditions were characterized by sequencing. The identification of known and novel heat shock and phorbol ester-regulated genes in human T cells demonstrates the sensitivity of the assay. Parallel gene analysis with microarrays provides a rapid and efficient method for large-scale human gene discovery.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83994770,"asset_id":76159960,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":99627361,"first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Schena","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarkSchena","display_name":"Mark Schena","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarkSchena?f_ri=549972","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":9770,"name":"Technology Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology_Assessment?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":27784,"name":"Gene expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=549972"},{"id":103360,"name":"Nucleic acid hybridization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nucleic_acid_hybridization?f_ri=549972"},{"id":144672,"name":"Genetic Map","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Map?f_ri=549972"},{"id":280237,"name":"T lymphocytes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/T_lymphocytes?f_ri=549972"},{"id":309981,"name":"Human Genome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Genome?f_ri=549972"},{"id":317745,"name":"High Speed","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Speed?f_ri=549972"},{"id":549972,"name":"Microchemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microchemistry?f_ri=549972"},{"id":575076,"name":"Heat Shock","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Shock?f_ri=549972"},{"id":758278,"name":"Large Scale","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Large_Scale?f_ri=549972"},{"id":1310183,"name":"Phorbol ester","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phorbol_ester?f_ri=549972"},{"id":2280042,"name":"Differential expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_expression?f_ri=549972"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_67108455" data-work_id="67108455" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67108455/Identification_Card_and_Codification_of_the_Chemical_and_Morphological_Characteristics_of_14_Dental_Implant_Surfaces">Identification Card and Codification of the Chemical and Morphological Characteristics of 14 Dental Implant Surfaces</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Dental implants are commonly used in daily practice; however, most surgeons do not really know the characteristics of these biomedical devices they are placing in their patients. The objective of this work is to describe the chemical and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_67108455" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Dental implants are commonly used in daily practice; however, most surgeons do not really know the characteristics of these biomedical devices they are placing in their patients. The objective of this work is to describe the chemical and morphological characteristics of 14 implant surfaces available on the market and to establish a simple and clear identification (ID) card for all of them, following the classification procedure developed in the Dohan Ehrenfest et al (2010) Codification (DEC) system. Fourteen implant surfaces were characterized: TiUnite (Nobel Biocare), Ospol (Ospol), Kohno HRPS (Sweden & Martina), Osseospeed (AstraTech), Ankylos (Dentsply Friadent), MTX (Zimmer), Promote (Camlog), BTI Interna (Biotechnology Institute), EVL Plus (SERF), Twinkon Ref (Tekka), Ossean (Intra-Lock), NanoTite (Biomet 3I), SLActive (ITI Straumann), Integra-CP/NanoTite (Bicon). Three samples of each implant were analyzed. Superficial chemical composition was analyzed using X-ray photoelectro...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/67108455" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2caee0170bdb23d16dee1abc3cba2864" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":78050042,"asset_id":67108455,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78050042/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMjkzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31606802" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LVazquez1">L. Vazquez</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31606802" type="text/json">{"id":31606802,"first_name":"L.","last_name":"Vazquez","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LVazquez1","display_name":"L. Vazquez","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LVazquez1?f_ri=549972","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_67108455 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="67108455"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67108455, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_67108455", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_67108455 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67108455; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_67108455"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_67108455 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67108455"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67108455; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67108455]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_67108455").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_67108455").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="67108455"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="596" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dentistry">Dentistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="596" type="text/json">{"id":596,"name":"Dentistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dentistry?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10655" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy">Scanning Electron Microscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10655" type="text/json">{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11108" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PHOTOELECTRON_SPECTROSCOPY">PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11108" type="text/json">{"id":11108,"name":"PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PHOTOELECTRON_SPECTROSCOPY?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11404" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Titanium">Titanium</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11404" type="text/json">{"id":11404,"name":"Titanium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Titanium?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=67108455]'), work: {"id":67108455,"title":"Identification Card and Codification of the Chemical and Morphological Characteristics of 14 Dental Implant Surfaces","created_at":"2022-01-04T10:24:22.226-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/67108455/Identification_Card_and_Codification_of_the_Chemical_and_Morphological_Characteristics_of_14_Dental_Implant_Surfaces?f_ri=549972","dom_id":"work_67108455","summary":"Dental implants are commonly used in daily practice; however, most surgeons do not really know the characteristics of these biomedical devices they are placing in their patients. The objective of this work is to describe the chemical and morphological characteristics of 14 implant surfaces available on the market and to establish a simple and clear identification (ID) card for all of them, following the classification procedure developed in the Dohan Ehrenfest et al (2010) Codification (DEC) system. Fourteen implant surfaces were characterized: TiUnite (Nobel Biocare), Ospol (Ospol), Kohno HRPS (Sweden \u0026 Martina), Osseospeed (AstraTech), Ankylos (Dentsply Friadent), MTX (Zimmer), Promote (Camlog), BTI Interna (Biotechnology Institute), EVL Plus (SERF), Twinkon Ref (Tekka), Ossean (Intra-Lock), NanoTite (Biomet 3I), SLActive (ITI Straumann), Integra-CP/NanoTite (Bicon). Three samples of each implant were analyzed. Superficial chemical composition was analyzed using X-ray photoelectro...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78050042,"asset_id":67108455,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31606802,"first_name":"L.","last_name":"Vazquez","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LVazquez1","display_name":"L. Vazquez","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LVazquez1?f_ri=549972","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":596,"name":"Dentistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dentistry?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":11108,"name":"PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PHOTOELECTRON_SPECTROSCOPY?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":11404,"name":"Titanium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Titanium?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":13621,"name":"Nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanoparticles?f_ri=549972"},{"id":26170,"name":"Dental Implants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dental_Implants?f_ri=549972"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=549972"},{"id":68315,"name":"Porosity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Porosity?f_ri=549972"},{"id":122432,"name":"Calcium Phosphates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calcium_Phosphates?f_ri=549972"},{"id":194187,"name":"Oral","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral?f_ri=549972"},{"id":312071,"name":"Oral implantology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_implantology?f_ri=549972"},{"id":440924,"name":"Surface Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surface_Properties?f_ri=549972"},{"id":468992,"name":"Dental Prosthesis Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dental_Prosthesis_Design?f_ri=549972"},{"id":549972,"name":"Microchemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microchemistry?f_ri=549972"},{"id":1020282,"name":"Alloys","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alloys?f_ri=549972"},{"id":1093040,"name":"Dental Alloys","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dental_Alloys?f_ri=549972"},{"id":1558263,"name":"Clinical Coding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Coding?f_ri=549972"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2411560" data-work_id="2411560" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2411560/Determination_of_pesticides_in_water_by_cone_shaped_membrane_protected_liquid_phase_microextraction_prior_to_micro_liquid_chromatography">Determination of pesticides in water by cone-shaped membrane protected liquid phase microextraction prior to micro-liquid chromatography</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A new sample pre-treatment technique termed cone-shaped membrane liquid phase microextraction (CSM-LPME) was developed and combined with micro-liquid chromatography (micro-LC) for the determination of selected pesticides in water samples.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2411560" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A new sample pre-treatment technique termed cone-shaped membrane liquid phase microextraction (CSM-LPME) was developed and combined with micro-liquid chromatography (micro-LC) for the determination of selected pesticides in water samples. Four pesticides (hexaconazole, procymidone, quinalphos and vinclozolin) were considered as target analytes. Several important extraction parameters such as types of extraction solvent, agitation rate, pH value, total exposure time and effect of salt and humic acids were optimized. Enrichment factors of >50 folds were easily achieved within 20 min of extraction. The analytical data demonstrated relative standard deviations for the reproducibility of the optimized CSM-LPME method ranging from 6.3 to 7.5%. The correlation coefficients of the calibration curves were at least 0.9995 across a concentration range of 2–100 μg/L. The detection limits for all the analytes were found to be in the range of 1.1–1.9 μg/L.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2411560" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="14952b9fc08a03f14ab21728884a692b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50639443,"asset_id":2411560,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50639443/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMjkzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="90616" href="https://teknologimalaysia.academia.edu/wanainiwanibrahim">WAN AINI WAN IBRAHIM</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="90616" type="text/json">{"id":90616,"first_name":"WAN AINI","last_name":"WAN IBRAHIM","domain_name":"teknologimalaysia","page_name":"wanainiwanibrahim","display_name":"WAN AINI WAN IBRAHIM","profile_url":"https://teknologimalaysia.academia.edu/wanainiwanibrahim?f_ri=549972","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/90616/1029630/1286661/s65_wan_aini.wan_ibrahim.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2411560 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2411560"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2411560, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2411560", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_2411560 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2411560; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_2411560"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_2411560 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="2411560"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2411560; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2411560]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2411560").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2411560").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2411560"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="923" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology">Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="923" type="text/json">{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4656" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chromatography">Chromatography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4656" type="text/json">{"id":4656,"name":"Chromatography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chromatography?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="61603" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Uncertainty">Uncertainty</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="61603" type="text/json">{"id":61603,"name":"Uncertainty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Uncertainty?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2411560]'), work: {"id":2411560,"title":"Determination of pesticides in water by cone-shaped membrane protected liquid phase microextraction prior to micro-liquid chromatography","created_at":"2013-01-16T05:10:20.071-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2411560/Determination_of_pesticides_in_water_by_cone_shaped_membrane_protected_liquid_phase_microextraction_prior_to_micro_liquid_chromatography?f_ri=549972","dom_id":"work_2411560","summary":"A new sample pre-treatment technique termed cone-shaped membrane liquid phase microextraction (CSM-LPME) was developed and combined with micro-liquid chromatography (micro-LC) for the determination of selected pesticides in water samples. Four pesticides (hexaconazole, procymidone, quinalphos and vinclozolin) were considered as target analytes. Several important extraction parameters such as types of extraction solvent, agitation rate, pH value, total exposure time and effect of salt and humic acids were optimized. Enrichment factors of \u003e50 folds were easily achieved within 20 min of extraction. The analytical data demonstrated relative standard deviations for the reproducibility of the optimized CSM-LPME method ranging from 6.3 to 7.5%. The correlation coefficients of the calibration curves were at least 0.9995 across a concentration range of 2–100 μg/L. The detection limits for all the analytes were found to be in the range of 1.1–1.9 μg/L.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50639443,"asset_id":2411560,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":90616,"first_name":"WAN AINI","last_name":"WAN IBRAHIM","domain_name":"teknologimalaysia","page_name":"wanainiwanibrahim","display_name":"WAN AINI WAN IBRAHIM","profile_url":"https://teknologimalaysia.academia.edu/wanainiwanibrahim?f_ri=549972","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/90616/1029630/1286661/s65_wan_aini.wan_ibrahim.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":4656,"name":"Chromatography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chromatography?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":61603,"name":"Uncertainty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Uncertainty?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":85437,"name":"Pesticides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pesticides?f_ri=549972"},{"id":130767,"name":"Humic Substances","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humic_Substances?f_ri=549972"},{"id":146410,"name":"Humic acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humic_acid?f_ri=549972"},{"id":225787,"name":"High Performance Liquid Chromatography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Performance_Liquid_Chromatography?f_ri=549972"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=549972"},{"id":398287,"name":"Liquid Chromatography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liquid_Chromatography?f_ri=549972"},{"id":459764,"name":"Enrichment factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enrichment_factor?f_ri=549972"},{"id":549280,"name":"Reproducibility of Results","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproducibility_of_Results?f_ri=549972"},{"id":549972,"name":"Microchemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microchemistry?f_ri=549972"},{"id":611814,"name":"Correlation coefficient","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Correlation_coefficient?f_ri=549972"},{"id":801411,"name":"Triazoles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Triazoles?f_ri=549972"},{"id":1137254,"name":"Hydrogen-Ion Concentration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrogen-Ion_Concentration?f_ri=549972"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8187626" data-work_id="8187626" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8187626/An_inexpensive_portable_and_microcontrolled_near_infrared_LED_photometer_for_screening_analysis_of_gasoline">An inexpensive, portable and microcontrolled near infrared LED-photometer for screening analysis of gasoline</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x 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field-effect transistor detector associated to gas chromatography for speciation of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, (o-, m- and p-)xylene","created_at":"2017-06-30T17:39:17.573-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33722402/Carbon_nanotube_field_effect_transistor_detector_associated_to_gas_chromatography_for_speciation_of_benzene_toluene_ethylbenzene_o_m_and_p_xylene?f_ri=549972","dom_id":"work_33722402","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53718218,"asset_id":33722402,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":62885231,"first_name":"Filipe","last_name":"Ferreira","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FilipeFerreira93","display_name":"Filipe Ferreira","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FilipeFerreira93?f_ri=549972","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/62885231/16534544/16865924/s65_filipe.ferreira.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":10909,"name":"Carbon Nanotubes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Nanotubes?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":12842,"name":"Carbon Nanotube","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Nanotube?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":37434,"name":"Quantitative analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantitative_analysis?f_ri=549972"},{"id":44510,"name":"Portugal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portugal?f_ri=549972"},{"id":166448,"name":"Gas Chromatography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_Chromatography?f_ri=549972"},{"id":168891,"name":"Chemical Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Analysis?f_ri=549972"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=549972"},{"id":281150,"name":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polycyclic_aromatic_hydrocarbons_PAHs_?f_ri=549972"},{"id":549972,"name":"Microchemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microchemistry?f_ri=549972"},{"id":606320,"name":"Benzene","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Benzene?f_ri=549972"},{"id":641216,"name":"Quantitative Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantitative_Analysis-1?f_ri=549972"},{"id":1529889,"name":"Nanotubes Carbon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanotubes_Carbon?f_ri=549972"},{"id":1656539,"name":"Air Pollutants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_Pollutants?f_ri=549972"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20851484" data-work_id="20851484" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20851484/Monolithic_integration_of_optical_waveguides_for_absorbance_detection_in_microfabricated_electrophoresis_devices">Monolithic integration of optical waveguides for absorbance detection in microfabricated electrophoresis devices</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The fabrication and performance of an electrophoretic separation chip with integrated optical waveguides for absorption detection is presented. The device was fabricated on a silicon substrate by standard microfabrication techniques with... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_20851484" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The fabrication and performance of an electrophoretic separation chip with integrated optical waveguides for absorption detection is presented. The device was fabricated on a silicon substrate by standard microfabrication techniques with the use of two photolithographic mask steps. The waveguides on the device were connected to optical fibers, which enabled alignment free operation due to the absence of free-space optics. A 750 microm long U-shaped detection cell was used to facilitate longitudinal absorption detection. To minimize geometrically induced band broadening at the turn in the U-cell, tapering of the separation channel from a width of 120 down to 30 microm was employed. Electrical insulation was achieved by a 13 microm thermally grown silicon dioxide between the silicon substrate and the channels. The breakdown voltage during operation of the chip was measured to 10.6 kV. A separation of 3.2 microM rhodamine 110, 8 microM 2,7-dichlorofluorescein, 10 microM fluorescein and 18 microM 5-carboxyfluorescein was demonstrated on the device using the detection cell for absorption measurements at 488 nm.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20851484" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a77debec30611be8b3ca2a1d4ea666d0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41920066,"asset_id":20851484,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41920066/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMjkzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42158478" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FriederBaumann">Frieder Baumann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42158478" type="text/json">{"id":42158478,"first_name":"Frieder","last_name":"Baumann","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FriederBaumann","display_name":"Frieder Baumann","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FriederBaumann?f_ri=549972","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20851484 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20851484"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20851484, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20851484", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20851484]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_20851484").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_20851484").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="20851484"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="524" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry">Analytical Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="524" type="text/json">{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7742" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glass">Glass</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7742" type="text/json">{"id":7742,"name":"Glass","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glass?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11406" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silicon">Silicon</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11406" type="text/json">{"id":11406,"name":"Silicon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silicon?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=20851484]'), work: {"id":20851484,"title":"Monolithic integration of optical waveguides for absorbance detection in microfabricated electrophoresis devices","created_at":"2016-01-26T14:41:16.856-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/20851484/Monolithic_integration_of_optical_waveguides_for_absorbance_detection_in_microfabricated_electrophoresis_devices?f_ri=549972","dom_id":"work_20851484","summary":"The fabrication and performance of an electrophoretic separation chip with integrated optical waveguides for absorption detection is presented. The device was fabricated on a silicon substrate by standard microfabrication techniques with the use of two photolithographic mask steps. The waveguides on the device were connected to optical fibers, which enabled alignment free operation due to the absence of free-space optics. A 750 microm long U-shaped detection cell was used to facilitate longitudinal absorption detection. To minimize geometrically induced band broadening at the turn in the U-cell, tapering of the separation channel from a width of 120 down to 30 microm was employed. Electrical insulation was achieved by a 13 microm thermally grown silicon dioxide between the silicon substrate and the channels. The breakdown voltage during operation of the chip was measured to 10.6 kV. A separation of 3.2 microM rhodamine 110, 8 microM 2,7-dichlorofluorescein, 10 microM fluorescein and 18 microM 5-carboxyfluorescein was demonstrated on the device using the detection cell for absorption measurements at 488 nm.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41920066,"asset_id":20851484,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42158478,"first_name":"Frieder","last_name":"Baumann","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FriederBaumann","display_name":"Frieder Baumann","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FriederBaumann?f_ri=549972","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":7742,"name":"Glass","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glass?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":11406,"name":"Silicon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silicon?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":15375,"name":"Capillary electrophoresis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Capillary_electrophoresis?f_ri=549972"},{"id":18529,"name":"Fluorescent Dyes and Reagents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluorescent_Dyes_and_Reagents?f_ri=549972"},{"id":38289,"name":"Free Space Optics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Free_Space_Optics?f_ri=549972"},{"id":44150,"name":"Integrated Optics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Integrated_Optics?f_ri=549972"},{"id":100540,"name":"Feasibility Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feasibility_Studies?f_ri=549972"},{"id":137691,"name":"Optical Waveguide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Waveguide?f_ri=549972"},{"id":371425,"name":"Electrophoresis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrophoresis?f_ri=549972"},{"id":549972,"name":"Microchemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microchemistry?f_ri=549972"},{"id":880648,"name":"Monolithic Integration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monolithic_Integration?f_ri=549972"},{"id":882466,"name":"Single Mode","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Single_Mode?f_ri=549972"},{"id":987676,"name":"Breakdown Voltage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Breakdown_Voltage?f_ri=549972"},{"id":1145520,"name":"Equipment Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Equipment_Design?f_ri=549972"},{"id":1232950,"name":"Fluorometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluorometry?f_ri=549972"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=549972"},{"id":1923219,"name":"Fluorescein","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluorescein?f_ri=549972"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11205698" data-work_id="11205698" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11205698/One_step_in_syringe_ionic_liquid_based_dispersive_liquid_liquid_microextraction">One-step in-syringe ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) has been proved to be a powerful tool for the rapid sample treatment of liquid samples providing at the same time high enrichment factors and extraction recoveries. A new, simple and easy... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11205698" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) has been proved to be a powerful tool for the rapid sample treatment of liquid samples providing at the same time high enrichment factors and extraction recoveries. A new, simple and easy to handle one step in-syringe set-up for DLLME is presented and critically discussed in this paper. The novel approach avoids the centrifugation step, typically off-line and time consuming, opening-up a new horizon on DLLME automation. The suitability of the proposal is evaluated by means of the determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in urine by liquid chromatography/ultraviolet detection. In the presented approach an ionic liquid is used as extractant. The target drugs can be determined in urine within the concentration range 0.02–10 μg mL−1, allowing their determination at therapeutic and toxic levels. Limits of detection were in the range from 8.3 ng mL−1 (indomethacin) to 32 ng mL−1 (ketoprofen). The repeatability of the proposed method expressed as RSD (n = 5) varied between 2.5% (for ketoprofen) and 8.6% (for indomethacin).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11205698" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cffc286d2717cedc833ebb68a4fa8e93" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46819632,"asset_id":11205698,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46819632/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMjkzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27075527" href="https://fatea.academia.edu/RafaelLucena">Rafael Lucena</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27075527" type="text/json">{"id":27075527,"first_name":"Rafael","last_name":"Lucena","domain_name":"fatea","page_name":"RafaelLucena","display_name":"Rafael Lucena","profile_url":"https://fatea.academia.edu/RafaelLucena?f_ri=549972","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11205698 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11205698"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11205698, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11205698", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11205698 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11205698; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11205698"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11205698 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11205698"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11205698; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11205698]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11205698").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11205698").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11205698"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="923" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology">Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="923" type="text/json">{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16215" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ionic_Liquid">Ionic Liquid</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16215" type="text/json">{"id":16215,"name":"Ionic Liquid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ionic_Liquid?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="33003" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ionic_Liquids">Ionic Liquids</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="33003" type="text/json">{"id":33003,"name":"Ionic Liquids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ionic_Liquids?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11205698]'), work: {"id":11205698,"title":"One-step in-syringe ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction","created_at":"2015-03-02T10:18:33.890-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11205698/One_step_in_syringe_ionic_liquid_based_dispersive_liquid_liquid_microextraction?f_ri=549972","dom_id":"work_11205698","summary":"Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) has been proved to be a powerful tool for the rapid sample treatment of liquid samples providing at the same time high enrichment factors and extraction recoveries. A new, simple and easy to handle one step in-syringe set-up for DLLME is presented and critically discussed in this paper. The novel approach avoids the centrifugation step, typically off-line and time consuming, opening-up a new horizon on DLLME automation. The suitability of the proposal is evaluated by means of the determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in urine by liquid chromatography/ultraviolet detection. In the presented approach an ionic liquid is used as extractant. The target drugs can be determined in urine within the concentration range 0.02–10 μg mL−1, allowing their determination at therapeutic and toxic levels. Limits of detection were in the range from 8.3 ng mL−1 (indomethacin) to 32 ng mL−1 (ketoprofen). The repeatability of the proposed method expressed as RSD (n = 5) varied between 2.5% (for ketoprofen) and 8.6% (for indomethacin).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46819632,"asset_id":11205698,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27075527,"first_name":"Rafael","last_name":"Lucena","domain_name":"fatea","page_name":"RafaelLucena","display_name":"Rafael Lucena","profile_url":"https://fatea.academia.edu/RafaelLucena?f_ri=549972","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":16215,"name":"Ionic Liquid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ionic_Liquid?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":33003,"name":"Ionic Liquids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ionic_Liquids?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":87546,"name":"Ultraviolet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ultraviolet?f_ri=549972"},{"id":246560,"name":"High Pressure Liquid Chromatography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Pressure_Liquid_Chromatography?f_ri=549972"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=549972"},{"id":398287,"name":"Liquid Chromatography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liquid_Chromatography?f_ri=549972"},{"id":459764,"name":"Enrichment factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enrichment_factor?f_ri=549972"},{"id":549972,"name":"Microchemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microchemistry?f_ri=549972"},{"id":1745595,"name":"Solvents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solvents?f_ri=549972"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_58036191" data-work_id="58036191" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/58036191/The_Bradford_Method_for_Protein_Quantitation">The Bradford Method for Protein Quantitation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/58036191" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="17d2e3637d2b5459e82d3a9276a93ceb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":72642916,"asset_id":58036191,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72642916/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMjkzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10258" href="https://oxford.academia.edu/NicholasKruger">Nicholas Kruger</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10258" type="text/json">{"id":10258,"first_name":"Nicholas","last_name":"Kruger","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"NicholasKruger","display_name":"Nicholas Kruger","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/NicholasKruger?f_ri=549972","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_58036191 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="58036191"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 58036191, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_58036191", }); 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Method development and column modeling</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3211198" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="df5feb04ce901b9a066e3a0d8e409b11" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50410402,"asset_id":3211198,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50410402/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMjkzMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3672435" href="https://independent.academia.edu/jonathanCoffman">jonathan Coffman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3672435" type="text/json">{"id":3672435,"first_name":"jonathan","last_name":"Coffman","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"jonathanCoffman","display_name":"jonathan Coffman","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/jonathanCoffman?f_ri=549972","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3211198 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3211198"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3211198, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3211198", }); 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u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3893689/Colorimetric_broth_microdilution_method_for_the_antifungal_screening_of_plant_extracts_against_yeasts">Colorimetric broth microdilution method for the antifungal screening of plant extracts against yeasts</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Screening plant extracts for antifungal activity is increasing due to demand for new antifungal agents, but the testing methods present many challenges. Standard broth microdilution methods for antifungal susceptibility testing of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3893689" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Screening plant extracts for antifungal activity is increasing due to demand for new antifungal agents, but the testing methods present many challenges. Standard broth microdilution methods for antifungal susceptibility testing of available antifungal agents are available now, but these methods are optimised for single compounds instead of crude plant extracts. In this study we evaluated the standard NCCLS method as well as a modification which uses spectrophotometric determination of the end-points with a plate reader. We also evaluated another standard method, the EUCAST method, which is a similar microdilution assay to the NCCLS method, but uses a larger inoculum size and a higher glucose concentration in the medium as well as spectrophotometric end-point determination. The results showed that all three methods had some drawbacks for testing plant extracts and thus we modified the NCCLS broth microdilution method by including a colorimetric indicator—resazurin for end-point determination. This modified method showed good reproducibility and clear-cut end-point, plus the end-point determination needed no instruments. It enabled us to evaluate the activity of a selection of extracts from six Combretaceous plants against three Candida spp. and thus provided pharmacological evidence for some traditional uses of these plants while assisting the identification of the active ingredients.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3893689" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="21a3dcbc9409c56b24af872470da9810" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50104106,"asset_id":3893689,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50104106/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMjkzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4779051" href="https://tut.academia.edu/DavidKaterere">David Katerere</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4779051" type="text/json">{"id":4779051,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Katerere","domain_name":"tut","page_name":"DavidKaterere","display_name":"David Katerere","profile_url":"https://tut.academia.edu/DavidKaterere?f_ri=549972","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4779051/2032460/2395604/s65_david.katerere.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3893689 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3893689"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3893689, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3893689", }); 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Standard broth microdilution methods for antifungal susceptibility testing of available antifungal agents are available now, but these methods are optimised for single compounds instead of crude plant extracts. In this study we evaluated the standard NCCLS method as well as a modification which uses spectrophotometric determination of the end-points with a plate reader. We also evaluated another standard method, the EUCAST method, which is a similar microdilution assay to the NCCLS method, but uses a larger inoculum size and a higher glucose concentration in the medium as well as spectrophotometric end-point determination. The results showed that all three methods had some drawbacks for testing plant extracts and thus we modified the NCCLS broth microdilution method by including a colorimetric indicator—resazurin for end-point determination. This modified method showed good reproducibility and clear-cut end-point, plus the end-point determination needed no instruments. It enabled us to evaluate the activity of a selection of extracts from six Combretaceous plants against three Candida spp. and thus provided pharmacological evidence for some traditional uses of these plants while assisting the identification of the active ingredients.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50104106,"asset_id":3893689,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4779051,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Katerere","domain_name":"tut","page_name":"DavidKaterere","display_name":"David Katerere","profile_url":"https://tut.academia.edu/DavidKaterere?f_ri=549972","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4779051/2032460/2395604/s65_david.katerere.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2496,"name":"Colorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colorimetry?f_ri=549972","nofollow":false},{"id":17012,"name":"Antibiotic Susceptibility 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itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20658827/Multiple_Open_Channel_Electroosmotic_Pumping_System_for_Microfluidic_Sample_Handling">Multiple Open-Channel Electroosmotic Pumping System for Microfluidic Sample Handling</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The development of a novel, fully integrated, miniaturized pumping system for generation of pressure-driven flow in microfluidic platforms is described. The micropump, based on electroosmotic pumping principles, has a multiple... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_20658827" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The development of a novel, fully integrated, miniaturized pumping system for generation of pressure-driven flow in microfluidic platforms is described. The micropump, based on electroosmotic pumping principles, has a multiple open-channel configuration consisting of hundreds of parallel, small-diameter microchannels. Specifically, pumps with microchannels of 1-6 microm in depth, 4-50 mm in length, and an overall area of a few square millimeters, were constructed. Flow rates of 10-400 nL/min were generated in electric-field-free regions in a stable, reproducible and controllable manner. In addition, eluent gradients were created by simultaneously using two pumps. Pressures up to 80 psi were produced with the present pump configurations. The pump can be easily interfaced with other operational elements of a micrototal analysis system (micro-TAS) device with multiplexing capabilities. A new microfluidic valving system was also briefly evaluated in conjunction with these pumps. The micropump was utilized to deliver peptide samples for electrospray ionization-mass spectrometric (ESI-MS) detection.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20658827" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="17eace2fcdd80b6d42bc0a4f151fa072" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46019645,"asset_id":20658827,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46019645/download_file?st=MTczMjcyMjkzMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5243830" href="https://vt.academia.edu/IulianaLazar">Iulia M Lazar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5243830" type="text/json">{"id":5243830,"first_name":"Iulia","last_name":"Lazar","domain_name":"vt","page_name":"IulianaLazar","display_name":"Iulia M Lazar","profile_url":"https://vt.academia.edu/IulianaLazar?f_ri=549972","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5243830/38981236/32420614/s65_iulia.lazar.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-20658827">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-20658827"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://neu.academia.edu/BarryKarger">Barry Karger</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-20658827'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-20658827').html(); 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data-work_id="1813455" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1813455/Sturrock_et_al_2012_Can_otolith_elemental_chemistry_retrospectively_track_migrations_in_fully_marine_fishes">Sturrock et al 2012 Can otolith elemental chemistry retrospectively track migrations in fully marine fishes?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1813455" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div 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