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In this pooled analysis, we examined the risk of five LH cancers relative to lower levels of benzene exposure in petroleum workers. Methods We updated three nested case-control studies from Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom with new incident LH cancers among petroleum distribution workers through December 31, 2006, and pooled 370 potential case subjects and 1587 matched LH cancer-free control subjects. Quantitative benzene exposure in parts per million (ppm) was blindly reconstructed using historical monitoring data, and exposure certainty was scored as high, medium, or low. Two hematopathologists assigned diagnoses and scored the certainty of diagnosis as high, medium, or low. Dose-response relationships were examined for five LH cancers, including the three most common leukemia cell-types (AML, chronic myeloid leukemia [CML], and chronic lymphoid leukemia [CLL]) and two myeloid tumors (myelodysplastic syndrome [MDS] and myeloproliferative disease [MPD]). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression, controlling for age, sex, and time period. Results Cumulative benzene exposure showed a monotonic dose-response relationship with MDS (highest vs lowest tertile, \u003e2.93 vs ≤ 0.348 ppm-years, OR = 4.33, 95% CI = 1.31 to 14.3). For peak benezene exposures (\u003e3 ppm), the risk of MDS was increased in high and medium certainty diagnoses (peak exposure vs no peak exposure, OR = 6.32, 95% CI = 1.32 to 30.2) and in workers having the highest exposure certainty (peak exposure vs no peak exposure, OR = 5.74, 95% CI = 1.05 to 31.2). There was little evidence of dose-response relationships for AML, CLL, CML, or MPD. Conclusions Relatively low-level exposure to benzene experienced by petroleum distribution workers was associated with an increased risk of MDS, but not AML, suggesting that MDS may be the more relevant health risk for lower exposures.","publication_date":"2012,,","publication_name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"102425850"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Benzene Exposure Among Petroleum Workers: An International Pooled Analysis","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [32689791]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; 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data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="102425850" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/102059217/Myelodysplastic_Syndrome_and_Benzene_Exposure_Among_Petroleum_Workers_An_International_Pooled_Analysis" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="102059225" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/102059225/Acute_myeloid_and_chronic_lymphoid_leukaemias_and_exposure_to_low_level_benzene_among_petroleum_workers">Acute myeloid and chronic lymphoid leukaemias and exposure to low-level benzene among petroleum workers</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32689791" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LesleyRushton">Lesley Rushton</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">British journal of cancer, 2014</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">High benzene exposure causes acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). 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js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="81268980" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81268980/Risk_Assessment_on_Benzene_Exposure_among_Gasoline_Station_Workers">Risk Assessment on Benzene Exposure among Gasoline Station Workers</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="39214202" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SunisaChaiklieng">Sunisa Chaiklieng</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Benzene is a human carcinogen presented in gasoline (1% by volume). It is also found in vehicle exhaust. The aim of this study was to assess the health risk of inhalation exposure to benzene among gasoline station workers. The ambient benzene concentration was measured by personal sampling from 150 gasoline station workers (137 fueling workers and 13 cashiers). Additional data of working characteristics were collected by interviews and on-site observations. All workers were non-smokers and passive smoking was limited. Risk assessment of inhalation exposure was determined using the United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), and showed a high risk of adverse health effect (Hazard Quotients (HQ) &gt;1) in 51.33% of workers. The cancer risk was increased from 1.35 × 10-8 to 1.52 × 10-4, and 70.67% of the workers had a lifetime cancer risk (&gt;Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR): 2.2 × 10-6). A significantly higher risk was found in fueling workers compared to cashiers, and in workers...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Risk Assessment on Benzene Exposure among Gasoline Station Workers","attachmentId":87372407,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/81268980/Risk_Assessment_on_Benzene_Exposure_among_Gasoline_Station_Workers","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/81268980/Risk_Assessment_on_Benzene_Exposure_among_Gasoline_Station_Workers"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="3167331" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3167331/Risk_management_among_benzene_exposed_oil_refinery_workers">Risk management among benzene-exposed oil refinery workers</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3617005" href="https://independent.academia.edu/%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86">غربه الحسن</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2005</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Ten benzene-exposed oil refinery workers were genotoxicologically monitored in an annual follow-up study between 1990 and 2003 and compared with 87 industrial and 26 matched controls. Each of the exposed subjects suffered from several intercurrent non-infectious diseases such as joint, rheumatic, gastric and dental problems, as well as kidney and liver dysfunctions. The structural chromosome aberration (CA) yields of the exposed donors suggested a dose-dependent response to the mean peak benzene concentrations in the ambient air. Sister chromatid exchange (SCE), high-frequency SCE, DNA repair, and cell proliferation data also indicated the presence of genotoxic exposure at the workplace. The results of the biological and genotoxicological monitoring indicated the need of intervention (primary prevention of occupational exposure-related chronic non-infectious diseases) including the introduction of zero tolerance of benzene emission, health control, and education with motivation to change life-styles. The decrease in CA frequencies considered as the most established genotoxicological effect markers indicated the positive changes due to the achieved zero tolerance at the workplaces. The results also demonstrated the effectiveness of a trilateral co-operation between the health services, the employer and the employee in order to reduce the risk of the exposure-related intercurrent non-infectious diseases and to prevent further deterioration of the health state of the workers.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Risk management among benzene-exposed oil refinery workers","attachmentId":50428329,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3167331/Risk_management_among_benzene_exposed_oil_refinery_workers","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/3167331/Risk_management_among_benzene_exposed_oil_refinery_workers"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="12478257" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12478257/Assessment_of_Environmental_Exposure_to_Benzene_Traditional_and_New_Biomarkers_of_Internal_Dose">Assessment of Environmental Exposure to Benzene: Traditional and New Biomarkers of Internal Dose</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="31324191" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PieroLovreglio">Piero Lovreglio</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Air Quality-Models and Applications, 2011</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Assessment of Environmental Exposure to Benzene: Traditional and New Biomarkers of Internal Dose","attachmentId":46153579,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/12478257/Assessment_of_Environmental_Exposure_to_Benzene_Traditional_and_New_Biomarkers_of_Internal_Dose","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/12478257/Assessment_of_Environmental_Exposure_to_Benzene_Traditional_and_New_Biomarkers_of_Internal_Dose"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="18788311" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18788311/Lymphohaematopoietic_cancer_risk_among_chemical_workers_exposed_to_benzene">Lymphohaematopoietic cancer risk among chemical workers exposed to benzene</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38868743" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LBloemen">Louis Bloemen</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2004</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" 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class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2006</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Health Watch Case-Control Study of Leukemia and Benzene: The Story So Far","attachmentId":45389052,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/25067048/The_Health_Watch_Case_Control_Study_of_Leukemia_and_Benzene_The_Story_So_Far","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/25067048/The_Health_Watch_Case_Control_Study_of_Leukemia_and_Benzene_The_Story_So_Far"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View 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ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40613406/Hematological_changes_among_Sudanese_petroleum_workers_with_a_broad_range_of_benzene_exposure">Hematological changes among Sudanese petroleum workers with a broad range of benzene exposure</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="130544839" href="https://gulfmedical.academia.edu/AsaadMohammedAhmedAbdAllahBabker">Asaad Mohammed Ahmed Babker ,Ph.D.,H(ASCPi),SH(ASCPi)</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences (SJAMS) , 2015</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Hematological changes among Sudanese petroleum workers with a broad range of benzene 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data-entity-id="13849770" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13849770/Current_understanding_of_the_mechanism_of_benzene_induced_leukemia_in_humans_implications_for_risk_assessment">Current understanding of the mechanism of benzene-induced leukemia in humans: implications for risk assessment</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32943985" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ClionaMcHale">Cliona McHale</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Carcinogenesis, 2012</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Current understanding of the mechanism of benzene-induced leukemia in humans: implications for risk 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translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="13" data-entity-id="23303336" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23303336/Hematotoxocity_among_Chinese_workers_heavily_exposed_to_benzene">Hematotoxocity among Chinese workers heavily exposed to benzene</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="45199469" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WeiLu36">Wei Lu</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 1996</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Hematotoxocity among Chinese 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href="https://www.academia.edu/56550333/Critique_of_the_IARC_100F_Working_Group_Evaluation_of_Occupational_Benzene_Exposure">Critique of the IARC 100F Working Group Evaluation of Occupational Benzene Exposure</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="11182209" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MelvynKopstein">Melvyn Kopstein</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Critique of the IARC 100F Working Group Evaluation of Occupational Benzene 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ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67242882/Hematotoxicity_in_workers_exposed_to_low_levels_of_benzene">Hematotoxicity in workers exposed to low levels of benzene</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="115373934" href="https://independent.academia.edu/marthalinet">martha linet</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Science, 2004</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Hematotoxicity in workers exposed to low levels of benzene","attachmentId":78132976,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67242882/Hematotoxicity_in_workers_exposed_to_low_levels_of_benzene","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span 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data-collection-position="17" data-entity-id="109162307" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/109162307/Occupational_exposure_to_benzene_at_the_ExxonMobil_Refinery_in_Baytown_TX_1978_2006_">Occupational exposure to benzene at the ExxonMobil Refinery in Baytown, TX (1978–2006)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="221255704" href="https://jhsph.academia.edu/LindsayBooher">Lindsay E Booher</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Occupational exposure to benzene at the ExxonMobil Refinery in Baytown, TX 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