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(PDF) Educating Chinese Engineers: The Case of Shanghai Jiao Tong University during 1896-1949. | Yi Shen - Academia.edu
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It shows how the university and its engineering programs evolved in tandem with"/> <title>(PDF) Educating Chinese Engineers: The Case of Shanghai Jiao Tong University during 1896-1949. | Yi Shen - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/717945/Educating_Chinese_Engineers_The_Case_of_Shanghai_Jiao_Tong_University_during_1896_1949"/> <script async src="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001js_/https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = 'bc776743cd2cf6e20c97eabc305e71f43e6c4315'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"This chapter summarizes the early institutional history of one of China’s most important and well-regarded engineering schools, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU). It shows how the university and its engineering programs evolved in tandem with national development and defense priorities from the school’s founding in 1896 through the formation of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in 1949. More specifically, we look at key changes in the school’s admissions policies, peda-gogy, curricula, and organizational structure, as well as typical career pathways for its graduates. To further contextualize this account, the chapter begins with a general history of engineering education in China from the late Qing Dynasty through the Nationalist period. This chapter should be of interest to those wanting to know more about the historical foundations of the engineering profession in China, including the role of leading educational institutions in China’s national development.","author":[{"@context":"https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Yi Shen"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2011-07-05","dateModified":"2018-05-24","datePublished":"2012-01-01","headline":"Educating Chinese Engineers: The Case of Shanghai Jiao Tong University during 1896-1949.","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Engineering Education","History of Engineering Education","Chinese Engineers","Shanghai Jiao Tong University"],"locationCreated":"https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-007-5282-5_8","publication":"In Steen H Christensen, Carl Mitcham, Bocong Li, and Yanming An (Eds.), Engineering, Development, and Philosophy: American, Chinese and European 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window.loswp.sutdModalRedesignBucket = 'new_sutd'</script><script defer="" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001js_/https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="wsj-loswp-container js-swp-header-limit"><div class="loswp-container"><div class="wjs-above-related"><div class="mobile-friendly--work-card-and-cta-container"><div class="mobile-friendly--work-card-container"><div class="mobile-friendly--cover-sometimes-title-container"><div class="mobile-friendly--wsj-cover"><div class="work-cover--wrapper "><div class="mobile-friendly--work-cover--container redesign-shadow"><a class="js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":53372008,"attachmentType":"pdf"}" rel="nofollow" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53372008/download_file?st=MTcyNTgxOTYwMSwyMDcuMjQxLjIyNy4xMDU%3D&s=swp-splash-paper-cover"><div class="mobile-friendly--work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="mobile-friendly--work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div><div class="work-cover--file-icon-wrapper"><img alt="paper cover icon" src="//web.archive.org/web/20240908182001im_/https://a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe.icon.svg"/></div><div class="work-cover--hover-container"><div class="mobile-friendly--work-cover--hover-text"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="arrow-down" class="work-cover--hover-icon svg-inline--fa fa-arrow-down fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M413.1 222.5l22.2 22.2c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L241 473c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L12.7 278.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l22.2-22.2c9.5-9.5 25-9.3 34.3.4L184 343.4V56c0-13.3 10.7-24 24-24h32c13.3 0 24 10.7 24 24v287.4l114.8-120.5c9.3-9.8 24.8-10 34.3-.4z"></path></svg><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Download Free PDF</span></div></div><div class="work-cover--thumbnail-cover"><img alt="paper cover thumbnail" class="work-cover--thumbnail-image" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001im_/https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/53372008/mini_magick20190121-8898-15yv8qe.png?1548111004"/></div></a></div></div></div><div class="mobile-friendly--title-in-cover-container--hide-on-desktop"><div class="mobile-friendly--mobile-title"><h5 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-xs">Educating Chinese Engineers: The Case of Shanghai Jiao Tong University during 1896-1949.</h5></div><div class="mobile-friendly--tablet-title"><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Educating Chinese Engineers: The Case of Shanghai Jiao Tong University during 1896-1949.</h4></div><div class="mobile-friendly--desktop-title"><h3 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-md">Educating Chinese Engineers: The Case of Shanghai Jiao Tong University during 1896-1949.</h3></div></div></div><div class="mobile-friendly--work-information-sometimes-title-container"><div class="mobile-friendly--title-in-work-information"><div class="hide-on-mobile-redesign"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-md">Educating Chinese Engineers: The Case of Shanghai Jiao Tong University during 1896-1949.</h1></div><div class="hide-on-desktop-redesign"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-xs">Educating Chinese Engineers: The Case of Shanghai Jiao Tong University during 1896-1949.</h1></div></div><div class="mobile-friendly--author-container"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author wsj-work-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="530082" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://johnshopkins.academia.edu/YiShen"><img alt="Profile image of Yi Shen" class="wsj-author-icon" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001im_/https://0.academia-photos.com/530082/30028921/56424039/s65_yi.shen.jpg"/>Yi Shen</a></div><div class="mobile-friendly--journal-container"><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">2012, In Steen H Christensen, Carl Mitcham, Bocong Li, and Yanming An (Eds.), Engineering, Development, and Philosophy: American, Chinese and European Perspectives </p></div><div class="mobile-friendly--abstract-container"><div class="wsj-abstract"><div class="wsj-abstract-text-container"><p class="wsj-abstract-paragraph ds2-5-body-md">This chapter summarizes the early institutional history of one of China’s most important and well-regarded engineering schools, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU). It shows how the university and its engineering programs evolved in tandem with national development and defense priorities from the school’s founding in 1896 through the formation of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in 1949. More specifically, we look at key changes in the school’s admissions policies, peda-gogy, curricula, and organizational structure, as well as typical career pathways for its graduates. To further contextualize this account, the chapter begins with a general history of engineering education in China from the late Qing Dynasty through the Nationalist period. This chapter should be of interest to those wanting to know more about the historical foundations of the engineering profession in China, including the role of leading educational institutions in China’s national development.</p><div class="wsj-abstract-fade-gradient"></div></div></div></div><div class="mobile-friendly--button-container hide-on-mobile" style="margin-top: 24px; margin-left:0px"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button loswp-custom-primary-button text-download-button" data-broccoli-component="continue-reading-button--work-card" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":53372008,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/717945/Educating_Chinese_Engineers_The_Case_of_Shanghai_Jiao_Tong_University_during_1896_1949"}">See Full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button loswp-custom-secondary-button text-download-button" data-broccoli-component="download-pdf-button--work-card" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":53372008,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="22px" height="22px" class="cta-button-icon" viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"/><path d="M20 12l-1.41-1.41L13 16.17V4h-2v12.17l-5.58-5.59L4 12l8 8 8-8z" class="arrow-downward" fill="currentColor"/></svg>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="mobile-friendly--button-container hide-on-desktop"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button loswp-custom-primary-button text-download-button" data-broccoli-component="continue-reading-button--work-card" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":53372008,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/717945/Educating_Chinese_Engineers_The_Case_of_Shanghai_Jiao_Tong_University_during_1896_1949"}">See Full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button loswp-custom-secondary-button text-download-button" data-broccoli-component="download-pdf-button--work-card" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":53372008,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="22px" height="22px" class="cta-button-icon" viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"/><path d="M20 12l-1.41-1.41L13 16.17V4h-2v12.17l-5.58-5.59L4 12l8 8 8-8z" class="arrow-downward" fill="currentColor"/></svg>Download PDF</button><div class="mobile-friendly--mobile-abstract-grad-atop-buttons"></div></div></div></div><div class="wsj-loswp-column"><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="53372008" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/717945" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="wsj-related-papers-header"><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Related Papers</h4><hr class="wjs-divider ds-divider-24"/><div class="wsj-related-paper js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="19908472"><div class="work-description"></div><div class="work-detail"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-title js-related-work-grid-card-title title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/19908472/Past_forward_policy_making_transforming_Chinese_engineering_education_since_the_Reform_and_Opening_up">Past/forward policy-making: transforming Chinese engineering education since the Reform and Opening-up</a></div><div class="work-detail"><p class="wsj-secondary-text inline ds2-5-body-sm"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2309562" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://vt.academia.edu/QinZhu">Qin Zhu</a></p></div><div class="work-detail"><div class="wsj-abstract"><p class="wsj-abstract-paragraph ds2-5-body-sm">Although engineering education has played important roles in China’s growing power and influence on the world stage, engineering education policy since the Reform and Opening-up in the late 1970s has not been well documented in current English-language scholarship. 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I argue that studying the spatiality of engineering education in twentieth-century China is important for two reasons. First, the development of engineering education is a pedagogical priority for both the Nationalist and the Communist Parties, as engi- neering has dominated the ways in which modern Chinese lead- ership envisioned the world and the training of many of its most important leaders. Second, the spatial culture of engineering is a technique of power through which the relationship between tech- nical and nontechnical dimensions of engineering practices can be discerned. Drawing from local newspapers, biographies of architects, art and architectural history, and campus publications, the available evidence suggests that while the campus buildings of Zhongshan University during the Republican era exhibit a Canton-specific Ling- nan architectural style, such regional characteristic was absent in the newly constructed buildings at the South China Institute of Engi- neering, of which Zhongshan University was a constituent college during the early Communist era. In addition to the exterior aes- thetic style, I also analyze the interior spatial arrangement of SCIE, where the boundary between teaching venues, experimental sites, and industrial shops was not sharply drawn in Communist China, which highlights the eradication of hierarchy among teachers, stu- dents, and workers. The spatial history of an engineering school in South China reveals how the efforts to provide space for engineering education reflect a changing geopolitical order in twentieth-century China.</p></div></div><div class="work-detail" style="display: flex; align-items: center;"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button wsj-related-download-link inline" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Making space for engineering education: the South China Institute of Engineering","attachmentId":50051566,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/29610390/Making_space_for_engineering_education_the_South_China_Institute_of_Engineering","alternativeTracking":true}" title=" Download Free PDF"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content"><img style="height: 20px; margin-right: 4px;" src="//web.archive.org/web/20240908182001im_/https://a.academia-assets.com/images/loswp/related-pdf-icon.png"/>Download Free PDF</span></button><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf inline ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/29610390/Making_space_for_engineering_education_the_South_China_Institute_of_Engineering">View PDF<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16px" height="16px" class="view-pdf-icon" viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M10 6L8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z" fill="inherit"/></svg></a></div></div><div class="wsj-related-paper js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="37323195"><div class="work-description"></div><div class="work-detail"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-title js-related-work-grid-card-title title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/37323195/Between_East_Asia_and_Southeast_Asia_Nanyang_Studies_Chinese_Migration_and_National_Jinan_University_1927_1940">Between East Asia and Southeast Asia: Nanyang Studies, Chinese Migration, and National Jinan University, 1927-1940</a></div><div class="work-detail"><p class="wsj-secondary-text inline ds2-5-body-sm"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="343086" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://stetson.academia.edu/LeanderSeah">Leander Seah</a></p></div><div class="work-detail"><div class="wsj-abstract"></div></div><div class="work-detail" style="display: flex; align-items: center;"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button wsj-related-download-link inline" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Between East Asia and Southeast Asia: Nanyang Studies, Chinese Migration, and National Jinan University, 1927-1940","attachmentId":57280662,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37323195/Between_East_Asia_and_Southeast_Asia_Nanyang_Studies_Chinese_Migration_and_National_Jinan_University_1927_1940","alternativeTracking":true}" title=" Download Free PDF"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content"><img style="height: 20px; margin-right: 4px;" src="//web.archive.org/web/20240908182001im_/https://a.academia-assets.com/images/loswp/related-pdf-icon.png"/>Download Free PDF</span></button><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf inline ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/37323195/Between_East_Asia_and_Southeast_Asia_Nanyang_Studies_Chinese_Migration_and_National_Jinan_University_1927_1940">View PDF<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16px" height="16px" class="view-pdf-icon" viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M10 6L8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z" fill="inherit"/></svg></a></div></div><div class="wsj-related-paper js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="28272012"><div class="work-description"></div><div class="work-detail"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-title js-related-work-grid-card-title title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/28272012/Parkinson_C_2016_August_Indigenous_Peoples_in_national_education_policy_An_Australian_Curriculum_example_Presented_at_the_XVI_World_Congress_of_Comparative_Education_Societies_Dialectics_of_Education_Comparative_Perspectives_Beijing_China">Parkinson, C. (2016, August). Indigenous Peoples in national education policy: An Australian Curriculum example. Presented at the XVI World Congress of Comparative Education Societies, Dialectics of Education: Comparative Perspectives, Beijing, China.</a></div><div class="work-detail"><p class="wsj-secondary-text inline ds2-5-body-sm"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34088533" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://une-au.academia.edu/ChloeParkinson">Chloe Parkinson</a></p></div><div class="work-detail"><div class="wsj-abstract"></div></div><div class="work-detail" style="display: flex; align-items: center;"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button wsj-related-download-link inline" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Parkinson, C. (2016, August). Indigenous Peoples in national education policy: An Australian Curriculum example. Presented at the XVI World Congress of Comparative Education Societies, Dialectics of Education: Comparative Perspectives, Beijing, China.","attachmentId":48597509,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/28272012/Parkinson_C_2016_August_Indigenous_Peoples_in_national_education_policy_An_Australian_Curriculum_example_Presented_at_the_XVI_World_Congress_of_Comparative_Education_Societies_Dialectics_of_Education_Comparative_Perspectives_Beijing_China","alternativeTracking":true}" title=" Download Free PDF"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content"><img style="height: 20px; margin-right: 4px;" src="//web.archive.org/web/20240908182001im_/https://a.academia-assets.com/images/loswp/related-pdf-icon.png"/>Download Free PDF</span></button><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf inline ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/28272012/Parkinson_C_2016_August_Indigenous_Peoples_in_national_education_policy_An_Australian_Curriculum_example_Presented_at_the_XVI_World_Congress_of_Comparative_Education_Societies_Dialectics_of_Education_Comparative_Perspectives_Beijing_China">View PDF<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16px" height="16px" class="view-pdf-icon" viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M10 6L8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z" fill="inherit"/></svg></a></div></div><div class="wsj-related-paper js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="50471979"><div class="work-description"></div><div class="work-detail"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-title js-related-work-grid-card-title title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/50471979/MUSIC_NATIONALISM_AND_THE_SEARCH_FOR_MOD">MUSIC NATIONALISM AND THE SEARCH FOR MOD</a></div><div class="work-detail"><p class="wsj-secondary-text inline ds2-5-body-sm"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="199798312" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://independent.academia.edu/FangLanHsieh">Fang-Lan Hsieh</a></p></div><div class="work-detail"><div class="wsj-abstract"></div></div><div class="work-detail" style="display: flex; align-items: center;"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button wsj-related-download-link inline" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"MUSIC NATIONALISM AND THE SEARCH FOR MOD","attachmentId":68445979,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/50471979/MUSIC_NATIONALISM_AND_THE_SEARCH_FOR_MOD","alternativeTracking":true}" title=" Download Free PDF"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content"><img style="height: 20px; margin-right: 4px;" src="//web.archive.org/web/20240908182001im_/https://a.academia-assets.com/images/loswp/related-pdf-icon.png"/>Download Free PDF</span></button><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf inline ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/50471979/MUSIC_NATIONALISM_AND_THE_SEARCH_FOR_MOD">View PDF<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16px" height="16px" class="view-pdf-icon" viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M10 6L8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z" fill="inherit"/></svg></a></div></div><div class="wsj-related-paper js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="10940075"><div class="work-description"></div><div class="work-detail"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-title js-related-work-grid-card-title title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/10940075/MUSIC_NATIONALISM_AND_THE_SEARCH_FOR_MODERNITY_IN_CHINA_1911_1949">MUSIC, NATIONALISM AND THE SEARCH FOR MODERNITY IN CHINA, 1911-1949</a></div><div class="work-detail"><p class="wsj-secondary-text inline ds2-5-body-sm"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6277817" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://unitec.academia.edu/hongyugong">Hong-yu 宏宇 gong 宫</a></p></div><div class="work-detail"><div class="wsj-abstract"></div></div><div class="work-detail" style="display: flex; align-items: center;"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button wsj-related-download-link inline" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"MUSIC, NATIONALISM AND THE SEARCH FOR MODERNITY IN CHINA, 1911-1949","attachmentId":36701333,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/10940075/MUSIC_NATIONALISM_AND_THE_SEARCH_FOR_MODERNITY_IN_CHINA_1911_1949","alternativeTracking":true}" title=" Download Free PDF"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content"><img style="height: 20px; margin-right: 4px;" src="//web.archive.org/web/20240908182001im_/https://a.academia-assets.com/images/loswp/related-pdf-icon.png"/>Download Free PDF</span></button><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf inline ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/10940075/MUSIC_NATIONALISM_AND_THE_SEARCH_FOR_MODERNITY_IN_CHINA_1911_1949">View PDF<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16px" height="16px" class="view-pdf-icon" viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M10 6L8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z" fill="inherit"/></svg></a></div></div><div class="wsj-related-paper js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="31669350"><div class="work-description"></div><div class="work-detail"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-title js-related-work-grid-card-title title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/31669350/Frank_W_Price_1895_1974_The_Role_of_an_American_Missionary_in_Sino_U_S_Relations">Frank W. Price, 1895-1974: The Role of an American Missionary in Sino-U.S. Relations.</a></div><div class="work-detail"><p class="wsj-secondary-text inline ds2-5-body-sm"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3139162" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine">Kris Erskine</a></p></div><div class="work-detail"><div class="wsj-abstract"><p class="wsj-abstract-paragraph ds2-5-body-sm">American missionary Frank W. Price was a friend and advisor to Madame and Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, and KMT official for two decades. Price was closer to Chiang than any other American, yet no one has attempted to unravel his role within Chiang’s government or his impact on Sino-U.S. relations. This dissertation makes that attempt, giving special attention to the years between 1937 and 1947, during which Price was most involved with Chiang and the KMT. Groundbreaking research was undertaken in Taiwan, the United States, and China. New archives and family collections were used, and recently declassified documents were accessed in the United States through the Freedom of Information Act. Chiang’s diaries were utilized and interviews conducted with at least twenty individuals in China, the United States, and Taiwan, most of whom either knew Frank Price or whose parents or spouse worked with him. These interviews include Price’s son and niece. In the final analysis, evidence will reveal that though his ultimate policy impact was minimal, missionary Frank Price was a valued member of Chiang’s political inner circle, acting, for more than a decade, as a diplomatic backchannel between Chiang Kai-shek and President Roosevelt’s administration. The dissertation demonstrates that unconventional actors – missionaries specifically – may have been more involved in Sino-U.S. relations during China’s Nationalist period, particularly during the Second Sino-Japanese War, than has been previously supposed. It will also be asserted that Price’s role in the China Lobby indicts the KMT for secretly exerting influence on that lobby as early as 1938.</p></div></div><div class="work-detail" style="display: flex; align-items: center;"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button wsj-related-download-link inline" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Frank W. Price, 1895-1974: The Role of an American Missionary in Sino-U.S. Relations.","attachmentId":51990973,"attachmentType":"docx","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/31669350/Frank_W_Price_1895_1974_The_Role_of_an_American_Missionary_in_Sino_U_S_Relations","alternativeTracking":true}" title=" Download Free PDF"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content"><img style="height: 20px; margin-right: 4px;" src="//web.archive.org/web/20240908182001im_/https://a.academia-assets.com/images/loswp/related-pdf-icon.png"/>Download Free PDF</span></button><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf inline ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/31669350/Frank_W_Price_1895_1974_The_Role_of_an_American_Missionary_in_Sino_U_S_Relations">View PDF<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16px" height="16px" class="view-pdf-icon" viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M10 6L8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z" fill="inherit"/></svg></a></div></div><div class="wsj-related-paper js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="40855503"><div class="work-description"></div><div class="work-detail"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-title js-related-work-grid-card-title title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/40855503/Chinese_Higher_Education_History_of">Chinese Higher Education, History of</a></div><div class="work-detail"><p class="wsj-secondary-text inline ds2-5-body-sm"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6328379" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://zju.academia.edu/HantianWu">Hantian Wu</a></p></div><div class="work-detail"><div class="wsj-abstract"></div></div><div class="work-detail" style="display: flex; align-items: center;"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button wsj-related-download-link inline" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Chinese Higher Education, History of","attachmentId":61141758,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/40855503/Chinese_Higher_Education_History_of","alternativeTracking":true}" title=" Download Free PDF"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content"><img style="height: 20px; margin-right: 4px;" src="//web.archive.org/web/20240908182001im_/https://a.academia-assets.com/images/loswp/related-pdf-icon.png"/>Download Free PDF</span></button><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf inline ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/40855503/Chinese_Higher_Education_History_of">View PDF<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16px" height="16px" class="view-pdf-icon" viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M10 6L8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z" fill="inherit"/></svg></a></div></div><div class="wsj-related-paper js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="44596504"><div class="work-description"></div><div class="work-detail"><p class="wsj-secondary-text ds2-5-body-sm">Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society China, Vol. 80, No.1, 2020</p><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-title js-related-work-grid-card-title title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/44596504/_Burmese_days_and_Brixton_nights_Review_Julia_Lovell_Maoism_a_Global_History_2019_">‘Burmese days and Brixton nights’: Review: Julia Lovell, Maoism a Global History (2019)</a></div><div class="work-detail"><p class="wsj-secondary-text inline ds2-5-body-sm">2020 • </p><p class="wsj-secondary-text inline ds2-5-body-sm"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2533880" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://bham.academia.edu/BobBrown">Robert Brown</a></p></div><div class="work-detail"><div class="wsj-abstract"><p class="wsj-abstract-paragraph ds2-5-body-sm">This review examines Julia Lovell’s Maoism:AGlobal History (2019). The article evaluates Lovell’s ambitious transnational approach to Mao’s doctrines and Chinese agrarian Marxism, in which she explores groups and individuals from several countries who followed and interpreted Maoist influences from the 1930s to 2020s. The article argues that Lovell’s book makes two key contributions to academic and mainstream historical discourse. One is that it decentres cold war history, complicating narratives of US-USSR rivalry and Sino-Soviet splits by examining the complexities and difficultiesfor China and its admirers instraightforwardlypropagatingMaoist ‘soft power’ globallythrough an ideology that actively celebrated contradictionover coherence. Secondly, focusing on the West, the article argues that the real strength of Lovell’s work lies in how she knits together disparate, contradictory factions of the Radical Left, from the Black Panthers to bandits and book groups as underexplored, intersecting nodes of a global cult of Mao that was continually re-interpreted, contested and re-shaped across time and space. Lovell proves Maoists globally were more of a ‘networked’ phenomenon than has been previously supposed.</p></div></div><div class="work-detail" style="display: flex; align-items: center;"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button wsj-related-download-link inline" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"‘Burmese days and Brixton nights’: Review: Julia Lovell, Maoism a Global History (2019)","attachmentId":65109438,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/44596504/_Burmese_days_and_Brixton_nights_Review_Julia_Lovell_Maoism_a_Global_History_2019_","alternativeTracking":true}" title=" Download Free PDF"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content"><img style="height: 20px; margin-right: 4px;" src="//web.archive.org/web/20240908182001im_/https://a.academia-assets.com/images/loswp/related-pdf-icon.png"/>Download Free PDF</span></button><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf inline ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/44596504/_Burmese_days_and_Brixton_nights_Review_Julia_Lovell_Maoism_a_Global_History_2019_">View PDF<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16px" height="16px" class="view-pdf-icon" viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M10 6L8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z" fill="inherit"/></svg></a></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="wsj-work-container"><div class="below-fold loswp-container"><div class="work--container wsj-work-container-inner"><div class="wsj-sticky-header-container sticky-header--container sticky-header--container-ds2 js-loswp-sticky-header hide-on-mobile-redesign"><div class="sticky-header--inner-container"><div class="sticky-header--button-container"><div class="sticky-header--background sticky-header-ds2--background"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button loswp-custom-primary-button text-download-button" data-broccoli-component="continue-reading-button--sticky-header" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-header","attachmentId":53372008,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/717945/Educating_Chinese_Engineers_The_Case_of_Shanghai_Jiao_Tong_University_during_1896_1949"}">See Full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button loswp-custom-secondary-button text-download-button" data-broccoli-component="download-pdf-button--sticky-header" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-header","attachmentId":53372008,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="22px" height="22px" class="cta-button-icon" viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"/><path d="M20 12l-1.41-1.41L13 16.17V4h-2v12.17l-5.58-5.59L4 12l8 8 8-8z" class="arrow-downward" fill="currentColor"/></svg>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_53372008" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//web.archive.org/web/20240908182001im_/https://a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif"/><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="wsj-work-sidebar"><div class="sidebar-redesign--container "><div class="sidebar-redesign--container-header"><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">RELATED PAPERS</h4></div><div class="sidebar-redesign--works-container" data-impression-entity-id="717945" data-impression-entity-type="2" data-impression-source="loswp--sidebar-redesign"><div class="wsj-related-paper js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="58400281"><div class="work-description"></div><div class="work-detail"><p class="wsj-secondary-text ds2-5-body-sm">Harvard Business School Working Paper</p><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-title js-related-work-grid-card-title title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/58400281/The_Business_of_K_12_Education_in_China">The Business of K-12 Education in China</a></div><div class="work-detail"><p class="wsj-secondary-text inline ds2-5-body-sm">2021 • </p><p class="wsj-secondary-text inline ds2-5-body-sm"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2751039" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://hbs.academia.edu/GeoffreyJones">Geoffrey Jones</a></p></div><div class="work-detail" style="display: flex; align-items: center;"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button wsj-related-download-link inline" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Business of K-12 Education in China","attachmentId":72829339,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/58400281/The_Business_of_K_12_Education_in_China","alternativeTracking":true}" title=" Download Free PDF"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content"><img style="height: 20px; margin-right: 4px;" src="//web.archive.org/web/20240908182001im_/https://a.academia-assets.com/images/loswp/related-pdf-icon.png"/>Download Free PDF</span></button><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf inline ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240908182001/https://www.academia.edu/58400281/The_Business_of_K_12_Education_in_China">View PDF<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16px" height="16px" class="view-pdf-icon" viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M10 6L8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z" fill="inherit"/></svg></a></div></div><div class="wsj-related-paper js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="36393873"><div class="work-description"></div><div class="work-detail"><p class="wsj-secondary-text ds2-5-body-sm">Godwin, K. 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