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Aedu.User.set_viewed({"id":3139162,"first_name":"Kris","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Erskine","page_name":"KrisErskine","domain_name":"athens","created_at":"2013-01-16T23:15:08.309-08:00","display_name":"Kris Erskine","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine","photo":"https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://0.academia-photos.com/3139162/1031937/49944450/s65_kris.erskine.jpg","has_photo":true,"department":{"id":15758,"name":"College of Education","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/Departments/College_of_Education/Documents","university":{"id":3454,"name":"Athens State University","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/"}},"position":"Faculty Member","position_id":1,"is_analytics_public":false,"interests":[{"id":17539,"name":"Sino-US Relations","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sino-US_Relations"}]}); if ($a.is_logged_in()) { if ($a.is_owner()) { $('body').addClass('viewed_by_owner'); }; }</script><script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script><div class="new-profile new-profile-responsive" itemscope="https://schema.org/Person"><div class="header-section"><div class="left-column"><div class="profile_photo"><a href="/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine"><img id="profile-photo" alt="Kris Erskine" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957im_/https://0.academia-photos.com/3139162/1031937/49944450/s200_kris.erskine.jpg"/></a></div><ul class="nav top_nav"><li id="left-menu-item-about" class="left-menu-item"><a class="menu_item" href="/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine">About</a></li></ul><ul class="nav sections_nav"><li id="left-menu-item-section-6607356" class="left-menu-item"><a class="menu_item" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine/Thesis-Chapters"><span class="section_name">Thesis Chapters</span><span class="section_count">1</span></a></li><li id="left-menu-item-section-7173461" class="left-menu-item"><a class="menu_item" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine/Papers"><span class="section_name">Papers</span><span class="section_count">5</span></a></li><li id="left-menu-item-cv" class="left-menu-item"><a class="menu_item" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine/CurriculumVitae">CV</a></li></ul><div class="contact-details"><div id="addresses"><ul></ul></div><div id="social"><ul><li><label>Profiles</label></li></ul><a class="social linkedin tooltip js-tooltip" title="Linkedin" id="social_profile_33586706" style="" rel="nofollow" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.linkedin.com/in/kris-erskine-1494a3b/"></a></div></div></div><div class="name-and-affiliation"><h1><a itemprop="name" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine">Kris Erskine</a></h1><div class="affiliation padding-bottom-1x padding-top-1x"><span class="user_affiliation"><a itemprop="affiliation" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/">Athens State University</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/Departments/College_of_Education/Documents">College of Education</a>, <span itemprop="jobTitle">Faculty Member</span></span></div><div id="main-follow-button"><button class="follow-button unfollow button 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<span>Adjunct</span></span><div class="hidden hidden_departments"></div><a class="add_affiliation edit_link edit_mode_only" href="#">add</a></div></li><li class="research_interests"><label>Research Interests:</label><div class="profile_research_interest_list" id="research_interest_list_12"><a data-id="17539" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sino-US_Relations">Sino-US Relations</a><noscript><div>()</div></noscript><a class="owner_only edit_mode_only edit_link" href="#">edit</a></div></li><li class="bio"><label>About:</label><div class="profile_about_text"><span class="truncated_text">Kris Erskine is a Western North Carolina native and has always considered the southeastern United States to be home. But he as "been blessed,” Erskine says, “with the opportunity to both study and travel all over the world.” In 1996 Er... <a class="more_link" data-container=".profile_about_text" data-show=".complete_text" data-hide=".truncated_text" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></span><span class="hidden complete_text">Kris Erskine is a Western North Carolina native and has always considered the southeastern United States to be home.  But he as "been blessed,” Erskine says, “with the opportunity to both study and travel all over the world.”<br/><br/>In 1996 Erskine graduated from Newbold College in England with a BA in history and religion, and most recently spent six years in China, Taiwan and Hong Kong where he studied for a Ph.D in diplomatic history at the University of Hong Kong.  His doctoral research focuses on the impact of American missionaries in China on Sino-US relations during the 1930’s and 1940’s.  In 2011 Erskine was awarded two fellowships which enabled him to further his doctoral research:  The Marshall/Baruch Fellowship from the George C. Marshall Foundation, and the Taiwan Fellowship through Taiwan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Center for Chinese Studies.<br/><br/>Erskine is a member of the Historical Society for Twentieth-Century China, the American Historical Association, and other historical organizations.  His primary research interests lay in Twentieth-Century Asian topics: American espionage in China during the Second World War, Christian missions in China, cross-straights relations, the Korean Peninsula, Hong Kong, and Taiwan-American relations.  Erskine also looks forward to research in modern American history, particularly Southern and Appalachian history, the Civil War, both World Wars, the CIA, and the Cold War. <br/><br/>Erskine is working on a couple of projects.  The first is a piece of travel literature tentatively titled Even the Dragonflies Dance, about his travels in Asia.  He is also working on a book project on the role of non-state actors in the formation of international relations, specifically in the context of Sino-US relations.  <br/><br/>Dr. Erskine recently left a position at Southern Adventist University, where he was professor and chair, to do more research and finish up a couple of his projects.<br/><br/>Erskine enjoys traveling, spending time with his family, watching Syracuse basketball, flying airplanes, and getting outdoors.</span><noscript><div>(Kris Erskine is a Western North Carolina native and has always considered the southeastern United States to be home.&nbsp; But he as &quot;been blessed,” Erskine says, “with the opportunity to both study and travel all over the world.”<br /><br />In 1996 Erskine graduated from Newbold College in England with a BA in history and religion, and most recently spent six years in China, Taiwan and Hong Kong where he studied for a Ph.D in diplomatic history at the University of Hong Kong.&nbsp; His doctoral research focuses on the impact of American missionaries in China on Sino-US relations during the 1930’s and 1940’s.&nbsp; In 2011 Erskine was awarded two fellowships which enabled him to further his doctoral research:&nbsp; The Marshall/Baruch Fellowship from the George C. Marshall Foundation, and the Taiwan Fellowship through Taiwan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Center for Chinese Studies.<br /><br />Erskine is a member of the Historical Society for Twentieth-Century China, the American Historical Association, and other historical organizations.&nbsp; His primary research interests lay in Twentieth-Century Asian topics: American espionage in China during the Second World War, Christian missions in China, cross-straights relations, the Korean Peninsula, Hong Kong, and Taiwan-American relations.&nbsp; Erskine also looks forward to research in modern American history, particularly Southern and Appalachian history, the Civil War, both World Wars, the CIA, and the Cold War. <br /><br />Erskine is working on a couple of projects.&nbsp; The first is a piece of travel literature tentatively titled Even the Dragonflies Dance, about his travels in Asia.&nbsp; He is also working on a book project on the role of non-state actors in the formation of international relations, specifically in the context of Sino-US relations.&nbsp; <br /><br />Dr. Erskine recently left a position at Southern Adventist University, where he was professor and chair, to do more research and finish up a couple of his projects.<br /><br />Erskine enjoys traveling, spending time with his family, watching Syracuse basketball, flying airplanes, and getting outdoors.)</div></noscript><a class="owner_only edit_mode_only edit_link" href="#">edit</a></div></li><li class="supervisors owner_only edit_mode_only"><label>Advisors:</label><div class="profile_supervisors"><a class="owner_only edit_mode_only edit_link" href="#">edit</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="summary_page"><div class="works_section" id="section_6607356" data-name="Thesis Chapters"><div class="section_heading"><a class="section_name" scroll_to="true" href="/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine/Thesis-Chapters">Thesis Chapters</a></div><div class="works"><div class="work clearfix work_31669350" data-work_id="31669350" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="right-icons bootstrap"><div class="paper-rank"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31669350"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31669350, container: "", }); });</script></div><div class="views"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="31669350"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31669350; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31669350]").text(description); $(".work_31669350").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".work_31669350").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></div><div class="percentile"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31669350; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".work_31669350"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></div></div><div class="header"><div class="title"><a class="title_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/31669350/Frank_W_Price_1895_1974_The_Role_of_an_American_Missionary_in_Sino_U_S_Relations">Frank W. Price, 1895-1974: The Role of an American Missionary in Sino-U.S. Relations.</a><a class="title_more_link" data-container=".work_31669350" data-show=".summary, .metadata, .taggings, .work_buttons" data-hide=".title_more_link" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="byline">by <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine">Kris Erskine</a></div></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">American missionary Frank W. Price was a friend and advisor to Madame and Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, and KMT official for two decades. Price was closer to Chiang than any other American, yet no one has attempted to unravel his role... <a class="more_link" data-container=".work_31669350" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete">American missionary Frank W. Price was a friend and advisor to Madame and Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, and KMT official for two decades.  Price was closer to Chiang than any other American, yet no one has attempted to unravel his role within Chiang’s government or his impact on Sino-U.S. relations.  This dissertation makes that attempt, giving special attention to the years between 1937 and 1947, during which Price was most involved with Chiang and the KMT. <br/>Groundbreaking research was undertaken in Taiwan, the United States, and China.  New archives and family collections were used, and recently declassified documents were accessed in the United States through the Freedom of Information Act.  Chiang’s diaries were utilized and interviews conducted with at least twenty individuals in China, the United States, and Taiwan, most of whom either knew Frank Price or whose parents or spouse worked with him.  These interviews include Price’s son and niece.  <br/>In the final analysis, evidence will reveal that though his ultimate policy impact was minimal, missionary Frank Price was a valued member of Chiang’s political inner circle, acting, for more than a decade, as a diplomatic backchannel between Chiang Kai-shek and President Roosevelt’s administration.  The dissertation demonstrates that unconventional actors – missionaries specifically – may have been more involved in Sino-U.S. relations during China’s Nationalist period, particularly during the Second Sino-Japanese War, than has been previously supposed.  It will also be asserted that Price’s role in the China Lobby indicts the KMT for secretly exerting influence on that lobby as early as 1938.</div></div><h6 itemprop="keywords" class="taggings"><strong>Research Interests: </strong><div class="profile_research_interest_list" id="research_interest_list_14" style="display: inline"><a data-id="7397" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Missionary_History">Missionary History</a>, <a data-id="16389" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/World_War_II">World War II</a>, <a data-id="17539" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sino-US_Relations">Sino-US Relations</a>, <a data-id="20602" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China_studies">China studies</a>, <a data-id="50182" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Non-state_actors">Non-state actors</a>, <span class="and_n_more">and <a class="more_link" data-container="#research_interest_list_14" data-show=".invisible_research_interests" data-hide=".and_n_more" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">8 more</a></span><span class="hidden invisible_research_interests"><a data-id="50856" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/World_War_II_history">World War II history</a>, <a data-id="82139" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Missionary_Studies">Missionary Studies</a>, <a data-id="362521" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chiang_Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a>, <a data-id="810800" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Presbyterian_Church_History">Presbyterian Church History</a>, <a data-id="1203121" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Presbyterian_Church_USA_">Presbyterian Church (USA)</a>, <a data-id="2649735" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China_Lobby">China Lobby</a>, <a data-id="2649736" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Frank_W._Price">Frank W. Price</a>, and <a data-id="2654201" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Commitee_for_non-Participation_in_Japanese_Aggression">American Commitee for non-Participation in Japanese Aggression</a></span><noscript><div>(<a data-id="50856" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/World_War_II_history">World War II history</a>, <a data-id="82139" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Missionary_Studies">Missionary Studies</a>, <a data-id="362521" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chiang_Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a>, <a data-id="810800" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Presbyterian_Church_History">Presbyterian Church History</a>, <a data-id="1203121" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Presbyterian_Church_USA_">Presbyterian Church (USA)</a>, <a data-id="2649735" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China_Lobby">China Lobby</a>, <a data-id="2649736" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Frank_W._Price">Frank W. Price</a>, and <a data-id="2654201" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Commitee_for_non-Participation_in_Japanese_Aggression">American Commitee for non-Participation in Japanese Aggression</a>)</div></noscript></div></h6><div class="work_buttons"><div class="download work_button" data-hover-menu="first"><a id="9ac7c392e61d5c7df2f09ece6274ab6f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51990973,"asset_id":31669350,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class=" button green doc_download" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51990973/download_file?st=MTY4MzAwODM5OCwyMDcuMjQxLjIzNS4yMjk%3D&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down known_file_type"></i><img class="known_file_type" alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20230502061957im_/https://a.academia-assets.com/images/icons/download.docx.gif"/> <span class="work-strip-link-text" data-content="button_text">Download</span> <span class="light">(.docx)</span></a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="works_section" id="section_7173461" data-name="Papers"><div class="section_heading"><a class="section_name" scroll_to="true" href="/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine/Papers">Papers</a></div><div class="works"><div class="work clearfix work_81465943" data-work_id="81465943" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="right-icons bootstrap"><div class="paper-rank"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="81465943"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81465943, container: "", }); });</script></div><div class="views"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81465943"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81465943; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81465943]").text(description); $(".work_81465943").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".work_81465943").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></div><div class="percentile"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81465943; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".work_81465943"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></div></div><div class="header"><div class="title"><a class="title_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/81465943/Frank_W_Price_1895_1974">Frank W.Price, 1895-1974</a><a class="title_more_link" data-container=".work_81465943" data-show=".summary, .metadata, .taggings, .work_buttons" data-hide=".title_more_link" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="byline">by <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine">Kris Erskine</a></div></div><div class="summary"></div><div class="metadata has_taggings"><h6 class="metadatum"><strong>Publisher: </strong>The University of Hong Kong Libraries</h6></div><h6 itemprop="keywords" class="taggings has_metadata"><strong>Research Interests: </strong><div class="profile_research_interest_list" id="research_interest_list_15" style="display: inline"><a data-id="128" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a><noscript><div>()</div></noscript></div></h6><div class="work_buttons"></div></div><div class="work clearfix work_75820572" data-work_id="75820572" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="right-icons bootstrap"><div class="paper-rank"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="75820572"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75820572, container: "", }); });</script></div><div class="views"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75820572"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75820572; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75820572]").text(description); $(".work_75820572").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".work_75820572").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></div><div class="percentile"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75820572; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".work_75820572"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></div></div><div class="header"><div class="title"><a class="title_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/75820572/_American_Public_Diplomacy_with_Chinese_Characteristics_The_Genesis_of_the_China_Lobby_in_the_United_States_and_how_Missionaries_Shifted_American_Foreign_Policy_between_1938_and_1941_">“American Public Diplomacy with Chinese Characteristics: The Genesis of the China Lobby in the United States, and how Missionaries Shifted American Foreign Policy between 1938 and 1941”</a><a class="title_more_link" data-container=".work_75820572" data-show=".summary, .metadata, .taggings, .work_buttons" data-hide=".title_more_link" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="byline">by <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine">Kris Erskine</a></div></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">The China Lobby in the United States attracted much scholarly attention after 1945, yet it found its footing in the late 1930s and played a critical role in re-shaping American public opinion prior to World War ii. Historians have devoted... <a class="more_link" data-container=".work_75820572" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete">The China Lobby in the United States attracted much scholarly attention after 1945, yet it found its footing in the late 1930s and played a critical role in re-shaping American public opinion prior to World War ii. Historians have devoted relatively little time to investigating this earlier period. The overwhelming majority of China’s lobbyists during these early years were American missionaries who the Chinese government often funded and managed. This article examines the role of two of those missionaries—Frank and Harry Price—and their American Committee for Non-Participation in Japanese Aggression. It relies on research in Taiwan, China, and in archives across the United States. The author also has interviewed members of the Price family, as well as former associates of Frank Price in the United States, Taiwan, and China. The evidence this article presents demonstrates that while difficult to quantify, the Price brothers played a crucial role in helping to re-shape American publi...</div></div><div class="metadata has_taggings"><h6 class="metadatum"><strong>Publisher: </strong>Brill</h6><h6 class="metadatum"><strong>Publication Date: </strong>2018</h6><h6 class="metadatum"><strong>Publication Name: </strong>Journal of American-East Asian Relations</h6></div><h6 itemprop="keywords" class="taggings has_metadata"><strong>Research Interests: </strong><div class="profile_research_interest_list" id="research_interest_list_16" style="display: inline"><a data-id="4486" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <a data-id="7397" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Missionary_History">Missionary History</a>, <a data-id="17539" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sino-US_Relations">Sino-US Relations</a>, <a data-id="20602" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China_studies">China studies</a>, <a data-id="25719" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_History">Religious History</a>, <span class="and_n_more">and <a class="more_link" data-container="#research_interest_list_16" data-show=".invisible_research_interests" data-hide=".and_n_more" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">4 more</a></span><span class="hidden invisible_research_interests"><a data-id="78535" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Missionary">Missionary</a>, <a data-id="2589636" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Henry_R._Luce">Henry R. Luce</a>, <a data-id="2649735" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China_Lobby">China Lobby</a>, and <a data-id="2649736" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Frank_W._Price">Frank W. Price</a></span><noscript><div>(<a data-id="78535" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Missionary">Missionary</a>, <a data-id="2589636" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Henry_R._Luce">Henry R. Luce</a>, <a data-id="2649735" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China_Lobby">China Lobby</a>, and <a data-id="2649736" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Frank_W._Price">Frank W. Price</a>)</div></noscript></div></h6><div class="work_buttons"></div></div><div class="work clearfix work_50736264" data-work_id="50736264" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="right-icons bootstrap"><div class="paper-rank"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50736264"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50736264, container: "", }); });</script></div><div class="views"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50736264"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50736264; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50736264]").text(description); $(".work_50736264").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".work_50736264").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></div><div class="percentile"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50736264; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".work_50736264"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></div></div><div class="header"><div class="title"><a class="title_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/50736264/Make_America_Healthy_Again_Seventh_day_Adventists_Cookies_and_the_Health_Message_from_1910_to_1930">Make America Healthy Again: Seventh-day Adventists, Cookies, and the Health Message from 1910 to 1930.</a><a class="title_more_link" data-container=".work_50736264" data-show=".summary, .metadata, .taggings, .work_buttons" data-hide=".title_more_link" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="byline">by <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine">Kris Erskine</a></div></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">On the table spread of Adventist histories and biographies, many of the dishes have already been sampled. Left cold on the corner of the table behind the narratives of church leaders, missions, sanitariums and other institutions,... <a class="more_link" data-container=".work_50736264" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete">On the table spread of Adventist histories and biographies, many of the dishes have already been sampled.  Left cold on the corner of the table behind the narratives of church leaders, missions, sanitariums and other institutions, however, is the history of Adventist cookie bakeries. Adventist families like the McKees, Casons, Byrds, Dortchs, Callicotts, and Bishops have dominated commercial sweet cake and cookie baking in the South since the 1910s and found success in sweet cake baking even as the depression deepened into the 1930s.  While the culture of Adventism today is less accepting of the industry of sugar, many of those who became cookie bakers were devout Adventists and were migrating from professions in medicine and the ministry. Many had also come to cookies from other food work in sanitariums, or as farmers, or grocers. Some started baking right out of college, but very few came from a business background until the 1930s.  Commercially baked cookies were probably a healthier option that mom’s cookies in the 1910s.  It was at this pivotal moment that Adventists began migrating to cookie bakeries by the dozens. Between 1910 and 1930 there were more than one hundred Adventists who entered cookie baking. By the 1970s, another hundred had joined their ranks. These bakers were raised in and around Adventist centers of gravity, such as Battle Creek.  They were physicians, pastors, nurses, Adventist publishers, and teachers. Were they furthering the health message by selling cookies?<br/>For the first time, oral histories have been taken with many of these bakers, their surviving families, and with the men and women who managed their baking empires.  These oral histories were conducted with more than forty subjects in cities throughout the South, from Daytona to Dallas, from to Birmingham to Winston-Salem, Rome, Savannah, Baton Rouge, Knoxville, Keene, and Chattanooga. <br/> The author has utilized primary sources at the libraries of both Southern Adventist University and Southwestern Adventist University. The digital archives at the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventist’s Office of Archives, Statistics, and Research was also heavily utilized. College annual yearbooks and bulletins, and student records were consulted, as were the private collections of many of those interviewed for this research. Hundreds of newspapers were scoured, as were census records, city directories, and military records, and archives throughout the South.<br/> By the 1980s most of these bakeries were gone but this culinary biography suggests that not only might these bakers have believed themselves part of the Adventist health message, but that the contemporary application of that Adventist health message is missing a few ingredients.</div></div><div class="metadata has_taggings"><h6 class="metadatum"><strong>Publication Date: </strong>2021</h6><h6 class="metadatum"><strong>Publication Name: </strong>Make America Health Again: Seventh-day Adventists, Cookies, and the Health Message from 1910 to 1930</h6></div><h6 itemprop="keywords" class="taggings has_metadata"><strong>Research Interests: </strong><div class="profile_research_interest_list" id="research_interest_list_17" style="display: inline"><a data-id="6858" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_History">Food History</a>, <a data-id="10221" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_and_Nutrition">Food and Nutrition</a>, <a data-id="12374" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_Of_Food_Consumption">History Of Food Consumption</a>, <a data-id="12986" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Texas_History">Texas History</a>, <a data-id="18009" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tennessee_history">Tennessee history</a>, <span class="and_n_more">and <a class="more_link" data-container="#research_interest_list_17" data-show=".invisible_research_interests" data-hide=".and_n_more" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">15 more</a></span><span class="hidden invisible_research_interests"><a data-id="18535" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culinary_History">Culinary History</a>, <a data-id="53936" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Food">History of Food</a>, <a data-id="69487" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seventh-day_Adventist_history">Seventh-day Adventist history</a>, <a data-id="191214" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biscuit_Cookies_and_Cracker_Technology">Biscuit/Cookies and Cracker Technology</a>, <a data-id="233803" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seventh_Day_Adventists">Seventh Day Adventists</a>, <a data-id="257025" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_History_Food_Culture">Food History, Food Culture</a>, <a data-id="356913" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_food_and_nutrition">History of food and nutrition</a>, <a data-id="370678" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seventh-day_adventist_theology">Seventh-day adventist theology</a>, <a data-id="579911" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seventh-Day_Adventism">Seventh-Day Adventism</a>, <a data-id="643014" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_and_health">Food and health</a>, <a data-id="682406" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chattanooga">Chattanooga</a>, <a data-id="966953" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Cooking_and_Food_Culture">History of Cooking and Food Culture</a>, <a data-id="1338706" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Snacks_Industry">Snacks Industry</a>, <a data-id="1414572" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Baking_and_Pastry">Baking and Pastry</a>, and <a data-id="2112392" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seventh-day_Adventist_Higher_Education">Seventh-day Adventist Higher Education</a></span><noscript><div>(<a data-id="18535" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culinary_History">Culinary History</a>, <a data-id="53936" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Food">History of Food</a>, <a data-id="69487" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seventh-day_Adventist_history">Seventh-day Adventist history</a>, <a data-id="191214" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biscuit_Cookies_and_Cracker_Technology">Biscuit/Cookies and Cracker Technology</a>, <a data-id="233803" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seventh_Day_Adventists">Seventh Day Adventists</a>, <a data-id="257025" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_History_Food_Culture">Food History, Food Culture</a>, <a data-id="356913" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_food_and_nutrition">History of food and nutrition</a>, <a data-id="370678" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seventh-day_adventist_theology">Seventh-day adventist theology</a>, <a data-id="579911" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seventh-Day_Adventism">Seventh-Day Adventism</a>, <a data-id="643014" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_and_health">Food and health</a>, <a data-id="682406" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chattanooga">Chattanooga</a>, <a data-id="966953" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Cooking_and_Food_Culture">History of Cooking and Food Culture</a>, <a data-id="1338706" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Snacks_Industry">Snacks Industry</a>, <a data-id="1414572" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Baking_and_Pastry">Baking and Pastry</a>, and <a data-id="2112392" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seventh-day_Adventist_Higher_Education">Seventh-day Adventist Higher Education</a>)</div></noscript></div></h6><div class="work_buttons"><div class="download work_button" data-hover-menu="first"><a id="ac1c314d3f91265c8598f02e6ae458a8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68608145,"asset_id":50736264,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class=" button green doc_download" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68608145/download_file?st=MTY4MzAwODM5OCwyMDcuMjQxLjIzNS4yMjk%3D&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down known_file_type"></i><img class="known_file_type" alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20230502061957im_/https://a.academia-assets.com/images/icons/download.pdf.gif"/> <span class="work-strip-link-text" data-content="button_text">Download</span> <span class="light">(.pdf)</span></a></div></div></div><div class="work clearfix work_34439177" data-work_id="34439177" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="right-icons bootstrap"><div class="paper-rank"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34439177"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34439177, container: "", }); });</script></div><div class="views"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34439177"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34439177; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34439177]").text(description); $(".work_34439177").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".work_34439177").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></div><div class="percentile"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34439177; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".work_34439177"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></div></div><div class="header"><div class="title"><a class="title_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/34439177/Frank_and_Harry_Price_Diplomatic_Back_channels_Between_the_United_States_and_China_During_World_War_II">Frank and Harry Price: Diplomatic Back channels Between the United States and China During World War II</a><a class="title_more_link" data-container=".work_34439177" data-show=".summary, .metadata, .taggings, .work_buttons" data-hide=".title_more_link" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="byline">by <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine">Kris Erskine</a></div></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">In 1941 the Chinese government utilized two Americans, brothers born to missionaries in China, as a back channel between the Chinese and U.S. governments. These brothers were Frank and Harry Price. Frank was a missionary in China, Harry... <a class="more_link" data-container=".work_34439177" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete">In 1941 the Chinese government utilized two Americans, brothers born to missionaries in China, as a back channel between the Chinese and U.S. governments.  These brothers were Frank and Harry Price.  Frank was a missionary in China, Harry a China lobbyist in Washington.  The Price brothers have attracted little attention from Sino-U.S. Scholars. Frank Price's relationship with Chiang Kai-shek and the role both brothers played in changing US policy, as detailed in this essay, have never been fully explored.  Still, Frank and Harry Price have remained largely in the shadows of history for more than seventy years. <br/><br/>Using archives at the Hoover Institution, the George C. Marshall Foundation, and Harvard University, the story of the Price brothers unfolds.  The individual collections were those of Lauchlin Currie, Stanley Hornbeck, Frank Price, and Harry Price’s China Lobby committee.  This latter collection of papers, twenty-five boxes, had not been used in more than two decades.<br/><br/>The results of this research are clear: Siblings T.V. Soong and Madame Chiang,  had simultaneously recruited the Price brothers to work for the Chinese government, beginning in February 1941; Frank worked with the Chiangs and the Ministry of Information in China while Harry worked with Soong at China Defense Supplies in Washington.  They would act as diplomatic back channels between the United States and China.  <br/><br/>This research points to non-state actors as relevant players in the formation of international relationships.  It also places Frank and Harry Price squarely in the middle of the Sino-U.S. relationship in 1941, and beyond.</div></div><h6 itemprop="keywords" class="taggings"><strong>Research Interests: </strong><div class="profile_research_interest_list" id="research_interest_list_18" style="display: inline"><a data-id="6224" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Foreign_Policy">American Foreign Policy</a>, <a data-id="17539" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sino-US_Relations">Sino-US Relations</a>, <a data-id="362521" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chiang_Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a>, <a data-id="2649735" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China_Lobby">China Lobby</a>, <a data-id="2649736" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Frank_W._Price">Frank W. Price</a>, and <a data-id="2738330" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Committee_for_non-Participation_in_Japanese_Aggression">American Committee for non-Participation in Japanese Aggression</a><noscript><div>()</div></noscript></div></h6><div class="work_buttons"><div class="download work_button" data-hover-menu="first"><a id="57a7ddd613f711d98ffa68d0aa86e132" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54314001,"asset_id":34439177,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class=" button green doc_download" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54314001/download_file?st=MTY4MzAwODM5OCwyMDcuMjQxLjIzNS4yMjk%3D&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down known_file_type"></i><img class="known_file_type" alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20230502061957im_/https://a.academia-assets.com/images/icons/download.pdf.gif"/> <span class="work-strip-link-text" data-content="button_text">Download</span> <span class="light">(.pdf)</span></a></div></div></div><div class="work clearfix work_33678812" data-work_id="33678812" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="right-icons bootstrap"><div class="paper-rank"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33678812"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33678812, container: "", }); });</script></div><div class="views"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33678812"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33678812; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33678812]").text(description); $(".work_33678812").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".work_33678812").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></div><div class="percentile"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33678812; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".work_33678812"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></div></div><div class="header"><div class="title"><a class="title_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/33678812/_American_Public_Diplomacy_with_Chinese_Characteristics_The_Genesis_of_the_China_Lobby_in_the_United_States_and_how_Missionaries_Shifted_American_Foreign_Policy_between_1938_and_1941_">"American Public Diplomacy with Chinese Characteristics: The Genesis of the China Lobby in the United States, and how Missionaries Shifted American Foreign Policy between 1938 and 1941.”</a><a class="title_more_link" data-container=".work_33678812" data-show=".summary, .metadata, .taggings, .work_buttons" data-hide=".title_more_link" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="byline">by <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine">Kris Erskine</a></div></div><div class="summary"><div class="summarized">The China Lobby in America attracted much attention after 1945, yet it found it's footing in the late 1930s and played a critical role in reshaping American public opinion prior to World War II. This earlier period has received relatively... <a class="more_link" data-container=".work_33678812" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete">The China Lobby in America attracted much attention after 1945, yet it found it's footing in the late 1930s and played a critical role in reshaping American public opinion prior to World War II. This earlier period has received relatively little attention by historians. The overwhelming majority of China's lobbyists during these early years were American missionaries and they were often funded and managed by the Chinese government. This article examines the role of two of those missionaries – Frank and Harry Price – and their committee, The American Committee for Non-Participation in Japanese Aggression.</div></div><h6 itemprop="keywords" class="taggings"><strong>Research Interests: </strong><div class="profile_research_interest_list" id="research_interest_list_19" style="display: inline"><a data-id="7397" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Missionary_History">Missionary History</a>, <a data-id="17539" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sino-US_Relations">Sino-US Relations</a>, <a data-id="20602" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China_studies">China studies</a>, <a data-id="25719" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_History">Religious History</a>, <a data-id="78535" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Missionary">Missionary</a>, <span class="and_n_more">and <a class="more_link" data-container="#research_interest_list_19" data-show=".invisible_research_interests" data-hide=".and_n_more" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">5 more</a></span><span class="hidden invisible_research_interests"><a data-id="810800" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Presbyterian_Church_History">Presbyterian Church History</a>, <a data-id="2589636" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Henry_R._Luce">Henry R. Luce</a>, <a data-id="2649735" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China_Lobby">China Lobby</a>, <a data-id="2649736" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Frank_W._Price">Frank W. Price</a>, and <a data-id="2738330" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Committee_for_non-Participation_in_Japanese_Aggression">American Committee for non-Participation in Japanese Aggression</a></span><noscript><div>(<a data-id="810800" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Presbyterian_Church_History">Presbyterian Church History</a>, <a data-id="2589636" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Henry_R._Luce">Henry R. Luce</a>, <a data-id="2649735" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China_Lobby">China Lobby</a>, <a data-id="2649736" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Frank_W._Price">Frank W. Price</a>, and <a data-id="2738330" class="research_interest_link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Committee_for_non-Participation_in_Japanese_Aggression">American Committee for non-Participation in Japanese Aggression</a>)</div></noscript></div></h6><div class="work_buttons"><div class="download work_button" data-hover-menu="first"><a id="3835ac99f3d4ced9d840a5961402352e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53684027,"asset_id":33678812,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class=" button green doc_download" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53684027/download_file?st=MTY4MzAwODM5OCwyMDcuMjQxLjIzNS4yMjk%3D&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down known_file_type"></i><img class="known_file_type" alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20230502061957im_/https://a.academia-assets.com/images/icons/download.pdf.gif"/> <span class="work-strip-link-text" data-content="button_text">Download</span> <span class="light">(.pdf)</span></a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="right-column"><div class="content-block"><div class="view-counts"><div class="stat percentile"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine/Analytics"><i class="fa fa-trophy icon-dark stat-icon"></i><div class="count">-</div><div class="label">by 30-day views</div></a></div><div class="stat total-views"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine/Analytics"><i class="fa fa-eye icon-dark stat-icon"></i><div class="count">-</div><div class="label">total views</div></a></div><div class="stat followers"><a href="/web/20230502061957/https://athens.academia.edu/KrisErskine/Followers"><i class="fa fa-user icon-dark stat-icon"></i><div class="count">-</div><div class="label">followers</div></a></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://web.archive.org/web/20230502061957/https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/profile_view_counts-a94c0e70ffc755af60c45788eca9dbb1a3c5a70c59099945d52bec6dd02d23d8.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb }); 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