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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#N"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>N</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-N-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-O" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#O"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>O</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-O-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-P" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#P"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>P</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-P-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-R" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#R"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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id="toc-V" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#V"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">20</span> <span>V</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-V-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Y" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Y"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">21</span> <span>Y</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Y-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">22</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">23</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">23.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_and_cited_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_and_cited_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">23.2</span> <span>General and cited sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_and_cited_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet 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Available in 10 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-10" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">10 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B7" title="হিন্দুধর্মের শব্দকোষ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হিন্দুধর্মের শব্দকোষ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="हिंदू धर्म शब्दावली – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="हिंदू धर्म शब्दावली" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossar_hinduistischer_Begriffe" title="Glossar hinduistischer Begriffe – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Glossar hinduistischer Begriffe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="हिन्दू धर्म की शब्दावली – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हिन्दू धर्म की शब्दावली" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szanszkrit_sz%C3%B3jegyz%C3%A9k" title="Szanszkrit szójegyzék – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szanszkrit szójegyzék" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%81_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="हिन्दु रीति रिवाजका शब्दावली – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हिन्दु रीति रिवाजका शब्दावली" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Списак појмова из хиндуизма – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Списак појмова из хиндуизма" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%87%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="Һинд дине төшенчәләре исемлеге – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Һинд дине төшенчәләре исемлеге" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%97%D0%B7%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Термінологія індуїзму – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Термінологія індуїзму" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%8D%E6%B1%87%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="印度宗教与哲学词汇列表 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="印度宗教与哲学词汇列表" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3350979#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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.sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border-collapse:collapse; text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Hinduism" title="Category:Hinduism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="padding:0.2em;background:#FFC569;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Om" title="Om"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/1_Om.svg/90px-1_Om.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/1_Om.svg/135px-1_Om.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/1_Om.svg/180px-1_Om.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="356" data-file-height="367" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above hlist" style="padding-bottom:0.35em; border:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_mythology" title="Hindu mythology">Mythology</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hinduism" title="History of Hinduism">Origins</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"><b>Historical</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hinduism" title="History of Hinduism">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_of_the_Indus_Valley_Civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion of the Indus Valley Civilization">Indus Valley Civilisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedic_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedic Hinduism">Vedic Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravidian_folk_religion" title="Dravidian folk religion">Dravidian folk religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Arama%E1%B9%87a" title="Śramaṇa">Śramaṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribal_religions_in_India" title="Tribal religions in India">Tribal religions in India</a></li></ul> <p><b>Traditional</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Itihasa-Purana" title="Itihasa-Purana">Itihasa-Purana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic-Puranic_royal_genealogies" title="Epic-Puranic royal genealogies">Epic-Puranic royal genealogies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic-Puranic_chronology" title="Epic-Puranic chronology">Epic-Puranic chronology</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Sampradaya" title="Sampradaya">Sampradaya (Traditions)</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Major Sampradaya (Traditions)</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pancharatra" title="Pancharatra">Pancharatra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaivism" title="Shaivism">Shaivism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kapalika" title="Kapalika">Kapalika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashupata_Shaivism" title="Pashupata Shaivism">Pashupata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratyabhijna" title="Pratyabhijna">Pratyabhijña</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaktism" title="Shaktism">Shaktism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smarta_tradition" title="Smarta tradition">Smartism</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><i><a href="/wiki/Hindu_denominations" title="Hindu denominations">Other Sampradaya (Traditions)</a></i></div></dt></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_deities" title="Hindu deities">Deities</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Absolute Reality / Unifying Force</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Trimurti" title="Trimurti">Trimurti</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Tridevi" title="Tridevi">Tridevi</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saraswati" title="Saraswati">Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvati" title="Parvati">Parvati</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Other major <a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">Devas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Devis</a></div></dt></dl> <dl><dd><i>Vedic Deities:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tridasha" class="mw-redirect" title="Tridasha">Tridasha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adityas" title="Adityas">Adityas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudras" title="Rudras">Rudras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasus" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasus">Vasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashvins" title="Ashvins">Ashvins</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahadevi" title="Mahadevi">Mahadevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rigvedic_deities" title="Rigvedic deities">Other Vedic Deities</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Post-Vedic:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">Avatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dashavatara" title="Dashavatara">Dashavatara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durga" title="Durga">Durga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navadurga" title="Navadurga">Navadurga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavidya" title="Mahavidya">Mahavidya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartikeya" title="Kartikeya">Kartikeya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesha" title="Ganesha">Ganesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakti" title="Shakti">Shakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Devata" title="Devata">Devatas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vishvakarma" title="Vishvakarma">Vishvakarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubera" title="Kubera">Kubera</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_philosophy" title="Hindu philosophy">Concepts</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Worldview</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_cosmology" title="Hindu cosmology">Cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_mythology" title="Hindu mythology">Mythology</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Ontology</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tattva" title="Tattva">Tattvas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanmatras" title="Tanmatras">Subtle elements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchikarana" title="Panchikarana">Panchikarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancha_Bhuta" title="Pancha Bhuta">Gross elements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu%E1%B9%87a" title="Guṇa">Guṇas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purusha" title="Purusha">Purusha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prak%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Prakṛti">Prakṛti</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Para_Brahman" title="Para Brahman">Supreme reality</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nirguna_brahman" class="mw-redirect" title="Nirguna brahman">Nirguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saguna_brahman" title="Saguna brahman">Saguna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om" title="Om">Om</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saccid%C4%81nanda" title="Saccidānanda">Saccidānanda</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">God</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ishvara" title="Ishvara">Ishvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">Devas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devata" title="Devata">Devatas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Hinduism" title="God in Hinduism">God in Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_and_gender_in_Hinduism" title="God and gender in Hinduism">God and gender</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Puru%E1%B9%A3%C4%81rtha" title="Puruṣārtha">Puruṣārtha (Meaning of life)</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">Dharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artha" title="Artha">Artha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kama" title="Kama">Kama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Moksha</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/%C4%80%C5%9Brama_(stage)" title="Āśrama (stage)">Āśrama (Stages of life)</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacharya" title="Brahmacharya">Brahmacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%E1%B9%9Bhastha" title="Gṛhastha">Gṛhastha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C4%81naprastha" title="Vānaprastha">Vānaprastha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sannyasa" title="Sannyasa">Sannyasa</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Three_Yogas" title="Three Yogas">Three paths to liberation</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_yoga" title="Bhakti yoga">Bhakti yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jnana_yoga" title="Jnana yoga">Jnana yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_yoga" title="Karma yoga">Karma yoga</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Liberation</a></div></dt></dl> <dl><dd><i>Mokṣa-related topics:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paramatman" title="Paramatman">Paramātman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_(religion)" title="Maya (religion)">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%E1%B9%83s%C4%81ra" title="Saṃsāra">Saṃsāra</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Mind</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80tman_(Hinduism)" title="Ātman (Hinduism)">Ātman (self)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An%C4%81tman_(Hinduism)" title="Anātman (Hinduism)">Anātman (non-self)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_bodies_doctrine" title="Three bodies doctrine">Sūkṣma śarīra (subtle body)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antahkarana" title="Antahkarana">Antaḥkaraṇa (mental organs)</a><br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praj%C3%B1%C4%81_(Hinduism)" title="Prajñā (Hinduism)">Prajña (wisdom)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80nanda_(Hindu_philosophy)" title="Ānanda (Hindu philosophy)">Ānanda (happiness)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viveka" title="Viveka">Viveka (discernment)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vairagya" title="Vairagya">Vairagya (dispassion)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samatva" title="Samatva">Sama (equanimity)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperance_(virtue)#Hinduism" title="Temperance (virtue)">Dama (temperance)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uparati" title="Uparati">Uparati (self-settledness)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titiksha" title="Titiksha">Titiksha (forbearance)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith_in_Hinduism" title="Faith in Hinduism">Shraddha (faith)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam%C4%81dh%C4%81na" title="Samādhāna">Samadhana (concentration)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arishadvargas" title="Arishadvargas">Arishadvargas (six enemies)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahamkara" title="Ahamkara">Ahamkara (attachment)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Ethics</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_in_religion#Hindu_ethics" title="Ethics in religion">Niti śastra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamas" title="Yamas">Yamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niyama" title="Niyama">Niyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achourya" title="Achourya">Achourya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-possession" title="Non-possession">Aparigraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacharya" title="Brahmacharya">Brahmacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satya" title="Satya">Satya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperance_(virtue)#Hinduism" title="Temperance (virtue)">Damah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compassion#Hinduism" title="Compassion">Dayā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akrodha" title="Akrodha">Akrodha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arjava" title="Arjava">Arjava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santosha" title="Santosha">Santosha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapas_(Indian_religions)" title="Tapas (Indian religions)">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sv%C4%81dhy%C4%81ya" title="Svādhyāya">Svādhyāya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaucha" title="Shaucha">Shaucha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitahara" title="Mitahara">Mitahara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%81na" title="Dāna">Dāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9A%C4%81stra_pram%C4%81%E1%B9%87am_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Śāstra pramāṇam in Hinduism">Sources of dharma</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Pramana" title="Pramana">Epistemology</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pratyaksha" title="Pratyaksha">Pratyakṣa (perception)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramana#Anumāṇa" title="Pramana">Anumāṇa (inference)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upam%C4%81%E1%B9%87a" title="Upamāṇa">Upamāṇa (comparison, analogy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramana#Arthāpatti" title="Pramana">Arthāpatti (postulation, presumption)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramana#Anupalabdi" title="Pramana">Anupalabdi (non-perception, negation)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabda" title="Shabda">Śabda (word, testimony)</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Worship_in_Hinduism" title="Worship in Hinduism">Worship</a>, sacrifice, and charity</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puja_(Hinduism)" title="Puja (Hinduism)">Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arti_(Hinduism)" title="Arti (Hinduism)">Ārtī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_in_Hinduism" title="Prayer in Hinduism">Prarthana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Arauta" title="Śrauta">Śrauta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple" title="Hindu temple">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murti" title="Murti">Murti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti" title="Bhakti">Bhakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japa" title="Japa">Japa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhajan" title="Bhajan">Bhajana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtan" title="Kirtan">Kīrtana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajna" title="Yajna">Yajna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homa_(ritual)" title="Homa (ritual)">Homa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarpana" title="Tarpana">Tarpana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrata" title="Vrata">Vrata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C4%81ya%C5%9Bcitta" title="Prāyaścitta">Prāyaścitta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirtha_(Hinduism)" title="Tirtha (Hinduism)">Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yatra" title="Yatra">Yatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites_in_India" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites in India">Tirthadana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matha" title="Matha">Matha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_classical_dance" title="Indian classical dance">Nritta-Nritya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%81na" title="Dāna">Dāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sev%C4%81" title="Sevā">Sevā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Meditation</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tapas_(Indian_religions)" title="Tapas (Indian religions)">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhyana_in_Hinduism" title="Dhyana in Hinduism">Dhyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam%C4%81dh%C4%81na" title="Samādhāna">Samādhāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nididhy%C4%81sana" title="Nididhyāsana">Nididhyāsana</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sadhu" title="Sadhu">Sadhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogi" title="Yogi">Yogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogini" title="Yogini">Yogini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asana" title="Asana">Asana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C4%81dhan%C4%81" title="Sādhanā">Sādhanā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatha_yoga" title="Hatha yoga">Hatha yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jnana_yoga" title="Jnana yoga">Jnana yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_yoga" title="Bhakti yoga">Bhakti yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_yoga" title="Karma yoga">Karma yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C4%81ja_yoga" title="Rāja yoga">Rāja yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundalini_yoga" title="Kundalini yoga">Kundalini yoga</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_art" title="Hindu art">Arts</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharatanatyam" title="Bharatanatyam">Bharatanatyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathak" title="Kathak">Kathak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathakali" title="Kathakali">Kathakali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuchipudi" title="Kuchipudi">Kuchipudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manipuri_dance" title="Manipuri dance">Manipuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohiniyattam" title="Mohiniyattam">Mohiniyattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odissi" title="Odissi">Odissi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sattriya" title="Sattriya">Sattriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Mela" title="Bhagavata Mela">Bhagavata Mela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakshagana" title="Yakshagana">Yakshagana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandiya_Raas" title="Dandiya Raas">Dandiya Raas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnatic_music" title="Carnatic music">Carnatic music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandav_Lila" title="Pandav Lila">Pandav Lila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalaripayattu" title="Kalaripayattu">Kalaripayattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silambam" title="Silambam">Silambam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adimurai" title="Adimurai">Adimurai</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Samskara_(rite_of_passage)" title="Samskara (rite of passage)">Rites of passage</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garbhadhana" title="Garbhadhana">Garbhadhana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumsavana" title="Pumsavana">Pumsavana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumsavana_Simantonayana" title="Pumsavana Simantonayana">Pumsavana Simantonayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simantonnayana" title="Simantonnayana">Simantonnayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatakarma" title="Jatakarma">Jatakarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81makara%E1%B9%87a" title="Nāmakaraṇa">Nāmakaraṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishkramana" title="Nishkramana">Nishkramana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annaprashana" title="Annaprashana">Annaprashana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chudakarana" title="Chudakarana">Chudakarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnavedha" title="Karnavedha">Karnavedha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidy%C4%81ra%E1%B9%83bha%E1%B9%83" title="Vidyāraṃbhaṃ">Vidyāraṃbhaṃ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanayana" title="Upanayana">Upanayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keshanta" title="Keshanta">Keshanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritu_Kala_Samskaram" title="Ritu Kala Samskaram">Ritushuddhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samavartanam" title="Samavartanam">Samavartanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_wedding" title="Hindu wedding">Vivaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antyesti" title="Antyesti">Antyesti</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_festivals" title="List of Hindu festivals">Festivals</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Diwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Shivaratri" title="Maha Shivaratri">Maha Shivaratri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navaratri" title="Navaratri">Navaratri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Durga_Puja" title="Durga Puja">Durga Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramlila" title="Ramlila">Ramlila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayadashami" title="Vijayadashami">Vijayadashami-Dussehra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raksha_Bandhan" title="Raksha Bandhan">Raksha Bandhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesh_Chaturthi" title="Ganesh Chaturthi">Ganesh Chaturthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasant_Panchami" title="Vasant Panchami">Vasant Panchami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama_Navami" title="Rama Navami">Rama Navami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmashtami" title="Krishna Janmashtami">Janmashtami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onam" title="Onam">Onam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makar_Sankranti" title="Makar Sankranti">Makar Sankranti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbh_Mela" title="Kumbh Mela">Kumbh Mela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pongal_(festival)" title="Pongal (festival)">Pongal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugadi" title="Ugadi">Ugadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaisakhi" title="Vaisakhi">Vaisakhi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bihu" title="Bihu">Bihu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthandu" title="Puthandu">Puthandu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishu" title="Vishu">Vishu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratha_Yatra_(Puri)" title="Ratha Yatra (Puri)">Ratha Yatra</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_philosophy" title="Hindu philosophy">Philosophical schools</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Astika" class="mw-redirect" title="Astika">Six Astika schools</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samkhya" title="Samkhya">Samkhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_(philosophy)" title="Yoga (philosophy)">Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyaya" title="Nyaya">Nyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaisheshika" title="Vaisheshika">Vaisheshika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%ABm%C4%81%E1%B9%83s%C4%81" title="Mīmāṃsā">Mīmāṃsā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanta" title="Vedanta">Vedanta</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta" title="Advaita Vedanta">Advaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dvaita_Vedanta" title="Dvaita Vedanta">Dvaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vishishtadvaita" title="Vishishtadvaita">Vishishtadvaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Achintya_Bheda_Abheda" title="Achintya Bheda Abheda">Achintya Bheda Abheda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shuddhadvaita" title="Shuddhadvaita">Shuddhadvaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Svabhavika_Bhedabheda" title="Svabhavika Bhedabheda">Svabhavika Bhedabheda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Akshar_Purushottam_Darshan" title="Akshar Purushottam Darshan">Akshar Purushottam Darshan</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Other schools</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80j%C4%ABvika" title="Ājīvika">Ājīvika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charvaka" title="Charvaka">Charvaka</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_gurus_and_sants" title="List of Hindu gurus and sants">Gurus, Rishi, Philosophers</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient India">Ancient</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saptarshi" title="Saptarshi">Saptarshi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vashistha" class="mw-redirect" title="Vashistha">Vashistha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashyapa" title="Kashyapa">Kashyapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atri" title="Atri">Atri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamadagni" title="Jamadagni">Jamadagni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyaya_Sutras" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyaya Sutras">Gotama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishvamitra" title="Vishvamitra">Vishvamitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharadwaja" class="mw-redirect" title="Bharadwaja">Bharadwaja</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agastya" title="Agastya">Agastya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angiras" title="Angiras">Angiras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aruni" class="mw-redirect" title="Aruni">Aruni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashtavakra" title="Ashtavakra">Ashtavakra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaimini" title="Jaimini">Jaimini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanada_(philosopher)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanada (philosopher)">Kanada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapila" title="Kapila">Kapila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patanjali" title="Patanjali">Patanjali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C4%81%E1%B9%87ini" title="Pāṇini">Pāṇini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prashastapada" title="Prashastapada">Prashastapada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raikva" title="Raikva">Raikva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyakama_Jabala" class="mw-redirect" title="Satyakama Jabala">Satyakama Jabala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valmiki" title="Valmiki">Valmiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyasa" title="Vyasa">Vyasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajnavalkya" title="Yajnavalkya">Yajnavalkya</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Medieval_India" title="Medieval India">Medieval</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abhinavagupta" title="Abhinavagupta">Abhinavagupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adi_Shankara" title="Adi Shankara">Adi Shankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akka_Mahadevi" title="Akka Mahadevi">Akka Mahadevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allama_Prabhu" title="Allama Prabhu">Allama Prabhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvars" title="Alvars">Alvars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basava" title="Basava">Basava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Mahaprabhu" title="Chaitanya Mahaprabhu">Chaitanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramdas_Kathiababa" title="Ramdas Kathiababa">Ramdas Kathiababa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakradhar_Swami" title="Chakradhar Swami">Chakradhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changdev" class="mw-redirect" title="Changdev">Chāngadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadu_Dayal" title="Dadu Dayal">Dadu Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eknath" title="Eknath">Eknath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangesha_Upadhyaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Gangesha Upadhyaya">Gangesha Upadhyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudapada" title="Gaudapada">Gaudapada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorakshanath" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorakshanath">Gorakshanatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haridasa_Thakur" title="Haridasa Thakur">Haridasa Thakur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hith_Harivansh_Mahaprabhu" title="Hith Harivansh Mahaprabhu">Harivansh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannatha_Dasa_(Odia_poet)" title="Jagannatha Dasa (Odia poet)">Jagannatha Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayanta_Bhatta" title="Jayanta Bhatta">Jayanta Bhatta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayatirtha" title="Jayatirtha">Jayatīrtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiva_Goswami" title="Jiva Goswami">Jiva Goswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B1%C4%81ne%C5%9Bvar" class="mw-redirect" title="Jñāneśvar">Jñāneśvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir">Kabir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanaka_Dasa" title="Kanaka Dasa">Kanaka Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kum%C4%81rila_Bha%E1%B9%AD%E1%B9%ADa" title="Kumārila Bhaṭṭa">Kumārila Bhaṭṭa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhus%C5%ABdana_Sarasvat%C4%AB" title="Madhusūdana Sarasvatī">Madhusūdana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhvacharya" title="Madhvacharya">Madhva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsyendranath" class="mw-redirect" title="Matsyendranath">Matsyendranatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morya_Gosavi" title="Morya Gosavi">Morya Gosavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukundraj" title="Mukundraj">Mukundarāja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namdev" title="Namdev">Namadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narahari_Tirtha" title="Narahari Tirtha">Narahari Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narasimha_Saraswati" title="Narasimha Saraswati">Narasimha Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayanars" title="Nayanars">Nayanars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimbarkacharya" title="Nimbarkacharya">Nimbarkacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srinivasacharya" title="Srinivasacharya">Srinivasacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prabh%C4%81kara" title="Prabhākara">Prabhākara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purandara_Dasa" title="Purandara Dasa">Purandara Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghavendra_Swami" class="mw-redirect" title="Raghavendra Swami">Raghavendra Swami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghunatha_Siromani" title="Raghunatha Siromani">Raghunatha Siromani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghuttama_Tirtha" title="Raghuttama Tirtha">Raghuttama Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Charan_(guru)" title="Ram Charan (guru)">Ram Charan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramananda" title="Ramananda">Ramananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanuja" title="Ramanuja">Ramanuja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramprasad_Sen" title="Ramprasad Sen">Ramprasad Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravidas" title="Ravidas">Ravidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupa_Goswami" title="Rupa Goswami">Rupa Goswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samarth_Ramdas" title="Samarth Ramdas">Samarth Ramdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankardev" title="Sankardev">Sankardev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyanatha_Tirtha" title="Satyanatha Tirtha">Satyanatha Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddheshwar" title="Siddheshwar">Siddheshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sripada_Srivallabha" class="mw-redirect" title="Sripada Srivallabha">Sripada Srivallabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sripadaraja" title="Sripadaraja">Sripadaraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surdas" title="Surdas">Surdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaminarayan" title="Swaminarayan">Swaminarayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syama_Sastri" title="Syama Sastri">Śyāma Śastri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tukaram" title="Tukaram">Tukaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsidas" title="Tulsidas">Tulsidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyagaraja" title="Tyagaraja">Tyagaraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C4%81caspati_Mi%C5%9Bra" class="mw-redirect" title="Vācaspati Miśra">Vācaspati Miśra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadiraja_Tirtha" title="Vadiraja Tirtha">Vadiraja Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallabha" title="Vallabha">Vallabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvalluvar" title="Thiruvalluvar">Valluvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanta_Desika" title="Vedanta Desika">Vedanta Desika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyaranya" title="Vidyaranya">Vidyaranya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyasaraja" class="mw-redirect" title="Vyasaraja">Vyasaraja</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Modern</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Aurobindo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktisiddhanta_Sarasvati" title="Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati">Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktivinoda_Thakur" title="Bhaktivinoda Thakur">Bhaktivinoda Thakur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrashekarendra_Saraswati" class="mw-redirect" title="Chandrashekarendra Saraswati">Chandrashekarendra Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinmayananda" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinmayananda">Chinmayananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayananda_Saraswati" title="Dayananda Saraswati">Dayananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaggi_Vasudev" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaggi Vasudev">Jaggi Vasudev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnananda_Saraswati" title="Krishnananda Saraswati">Krishnananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavatar_Babaji" title="Mahavatar Babaji">Mahavatar Babaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharishi_Mahesh_Yogi" title="Maharishi Mahesh Yogi">Mahesh Yogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narayana_Guru" title="Narayana Guru">Narayana Guru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigamananda_Paramahansa" title="Nigamananda Paramahansa">Nigamananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisargadatta_Maharaj" title="Nisargadatta Maharaj">Nisargadatta Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._C._Bhaktivedanta_Swami_Prabhupada" title="A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada">Prabhupada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarvepalli_Radhakrishnan" title="Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan">Radhakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramachandra_Dattatrya_Ranade" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramachandra Dattatrya Ranade">R. D. Ranade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramakrishna" title="Ramakrishna">Ramakrishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Rama_Tirtha" class="mw-redirect" title="Swami Rama Tirtha">Rama Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramana_Maharshi" title="Ramana Maharshi">Ramana Maharshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_Shankar_(spiritual_leader)" title="Ravi Shankar (spiritual leader)">Ravi Shankar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Ramdas" title="Swami Ramdas">Ramdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Samarth" title="Swami Samarth">Samarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sathya_Sai_Baba" title="Sathya Sai Baba">Sathya Sai Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sai_Baba_of_Shirdi" title="Sai Baba of Shirdi">Shirdi Sai Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Shraddhanand" title="Swami Shraddhanand">Shraddhanand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyadhyana_Tirtha" title="Satyadhyana Tirtha">Satyadhyana Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddharameshwar_Maharaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Siddharameshwar Maharaj">Siddharameshwar Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sivananda_Saraswati" title="Sivananda Saraswati">Sivananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trailanga" title="Trailanga">Trailanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U._G._Krishnamurti" title="U. G. Krishnamurti">U. G. Krishnamurti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upasni_Maharaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Upasni Maharaj">Upasni Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vethathiri_Maharishi" title="Vethathiri Maharishi">Vethathiri Maharishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Vivekananda" title="Swami Vivekananda">Vivekananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramahansa_Yogananda" title="Paramahansa Yogananda">Yogananda</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">Texts</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9A%C4%81stra_pram%C4%81%E1%B9%87am_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Śāstra pramāṇam in Hinduism">Sources and classification of scripture</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Aruti" title="Śruti">Śruti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Smṛti">Smṛti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80c%C4%81ra" title="Ācāra">Ācāra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atmatusti" title="Atmatusti">Ātmatuṣṭi</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">Scriptures</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Hindu_texts" title="Timeline of Hindu texts">Timeline of Hindu texts</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rigveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yajurveda" title="Yajurveda">Yajurveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samaveda" title="Samaveda">Samaveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Atharvaveda" title="Atharvaveda">Atharvaveda</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Divisions</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samhitapatha" class="mw-redirect" title="Samhitapatha">Samhita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmana" title="Brahmana">Brahmana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aranyaka" title="Aranyaka">Aranyaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></div></dt></dl> <dl><dd><i>Rigveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aitareya_Upanishad" title="Aitareya Upanishad">Aitareya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kaushitaki_Upanishad" title="Kaushitaki Upanishad">Kaushitaki</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Yajurveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Brihadaranyaka_Upanishad" title="Brihadaranyaka Upanishad">Brihadaranyaka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Isha_Upanishad" title="Isha Upanishad">Isha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taittiriya_Upanishad" title="Taittiriya Upanishad">Taittiriya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Katha_Upanishad" title="Katha Upanishad">Katha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shvetashvatara_Upanishad" title="Shvetashvatara Upanishad">Shvetashvatara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maitrayaniya_Upanishad" title="Maitrayaniya Upanishad">Maitri</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Samaveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chandogya_Upanishad" title="Chandogya Upanishad">Chandogya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kena_Upanishad" title="Kena Upanishad">Kena</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Atharvaveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mundaka_Upanishad" title="Mundaka Upanishad">Mundaka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mandukya_Upanishad" title="Mandukya Upanishad">Mandukya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prashna_Upanishad" title="Prashna Upanishad">Prashna</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Vedangas" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedangas">Vedangas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shiksha" title="Shiksha">Shiksha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedic_metre" title="Vedic metre">Chandas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vy%C4%81kara%E1%B9%87a" title="Vyākaraṇa">Vyākaraṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirukta" title="Nirukta">Nirukta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpa_(Vedanga)" title="Kalpa (Vedanga)">Kalpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyotisha" class="mw-redirect" title="Jyotisha">Jyotisha</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_scriptures" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Hindu scriptures">Other scriptures</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agama_(Hinduism)" title="Agama (Hinduism)"><i>Agama</i>s (Hinduism)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Itihasa-Purana" title="Itihasa-Purana">Itihasas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Puranas" title="Puranas">Puranas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Vishnu_Purana" title="Vishnu Purana">Vishnu Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Purana" title="Bhagavata Purana">Bhagavata Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Devi_Bhagavata_Purana" title="Devi Bhagavata Purana">Devi Bhagavata Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naradiya_Purana" title="Naradiya Purana">Naradiya Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vamana_Purana" title="Vamana Purana">Vāmana Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Matsya_Purana" title="Matsya Purana">Matsya Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Garuda_Purana" title="Garuda Purana">Garuda Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Purana" title="Brahma Purana">Brahma Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahmanda_Purana" title="Brahmanda Purana">Brahmanda Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Vaivarta_Purana" title="Brahma Vaivarta Purana">Brahma Vaivarta Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhavishya_Purana" title="Bhavishya Purana">Bhavishya Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Padma_Purana" title="Padma Purana">Padma Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Agni_Purana" title="Agni Purana">Agni Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Purana" title="Shiva Purana">Shiva Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Linga_Purana" title="Linga Purana">Linga Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kurma_Purana" title="Kurma Purana">Kūrma Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Skanda_Purana" title="Skanda Purana">Skanda Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Varaha_Purana" title="Varaha Purana">Varaha Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Markandeya_Purana" title="Markandeya Purana">Markandeya Purana</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Vedas#Upaveda" title="Vedas">Upavedas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ayurveda" title="Ayurveda">Ayurveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dhanurveda" title="Dhanurveda">Dhanurveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gandharvaveda" class="mw-redirect" title="Gandharvaveda">Gandharvaveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sthapatyaveda" class="mw-redirect" title="Sthapatyaveda">Sthapatyaveda</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Shastra" title="Shastra">Shastras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sutra" title="Sutra">sutras</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Samhita" title="Samhita">samhitas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dharma%C5%9B%C4%81stra" title="Dharmaśāstra">Dharma Shastra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arthashastra" title="Arthashastra">Artha Śastra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shilpa_Shastras" title="Shilpa Shastras">Shilpa Shastras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kama_Sutra" title="Kama Sutra">Kama Sutra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Sutras" title="Brahma Sutras">Brahma Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samkhya_Pravachana_Sutra" title="Samkhya Pravachana Sutra">Samkhya Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Purva_Mimamsa_Sutras" title="Purva Mimamsa Sutras">Mimamsa Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ny%C4%81ya_S%C5%ABtras" title="Nyāya Sūtras">Nyāya Sūtras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vai%C5%9Be%E1%B9%A3ika_S%C5%ABtra" title="Vaiśeṣika Sūtra">Vaiśeṣika Sūtra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Sutras_of_Patanjali" title="Yoga Sutras of Patanjali">Yoga Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pramana" title="Pramana">Pramana Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Charaka_Samhita" title="Charaka Samhita">Charaka Samhita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sushruta_Samhita" title="Sushruta Samhita">Sushruta Samhita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Natya_Shastra" title="Natya Shastra">Natya Shastra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panchatantra" title="Panchatantra">Panchatantra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naalayira_Divya_Prabandham" title="Naalayira Divya Prabandham">Naalayira Divya Prabandham</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tirumurai" title="Tirumurai">Tirumurai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramcharitmanas" title="Ramcharitmanas">Ramcharitmanas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Vasistha" title="Yoga Vasistha">Yoga Vasistha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Swarodaya" title="Shiva Swarodaya">Swara yoga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panchadasi" title="Panchadasi">Panchadasi</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Stotra" title="Stotra">Stotras</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_suktas_and_stutis" title="List of suktas and stutis">stutis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bhashya" title="Bhashya">Bhashya</a> </div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kanakadhara_Stotra" title="Kanakadhara Stotra">Kanakadhara Stotra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Stuti" title="Shiva Stuti">Shiva Stuti</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vayu_Stuti" title="Vayu Stuti">Vayu Stuti</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Tamil_literature" title="Tamil literature">Tamil literature</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tirumurai" title="Tirumurai">Tirumurai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naalayira_Divya_Prabandham" title="Naalayira Divya Prabandham">Naalayira Divya Prabandham</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tirumuruk%C4%81%E1%B9%9F%E1%B9%9Fuppa%E1%B9%ADai" title="Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai">Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tiruppukal" title="Tiruppukal">Tiruppukal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kural" title="Kural">Kural</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kamba_Ramayanam" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamba Ramayanam">Kamba Ramayanam/Ramavataram</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Five_Great_Epics" title="Five Great Epics">Five Great Epics</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eighteen_Greater_Texts" title="Eighteen Greater Texts">Eighteen Greater Texts</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eighteen_Lesser_Texts" title="Eighteen Lesser Texts">Eighteen Lesser Texts</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Athichudi" title="Athichudi">Athichudi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iraiyanar_Akapporul" title="Iraiyanar Akapporul">Iraiyanar Akapporul</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Abirami_Antati" title="Abirami Antati">Abirami Antati</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thiruvilaiyadal_Puranam" title="Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam">Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vinayagar_Agaval" title="Vinayagar Agaval">Vinayagar Agaval</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed; border-bottom:1px dotted"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_texts" title="List of Hindu texts">Other texts</a></div></dt></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Hindu Culture & Society</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Society</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Varna_(Hinduism)" title="Varna (Hinduism)">Varna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmin" title="Brahmin">Brahmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kshatriya" title="Kshatriya">Kshatriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishya" title="Vaishya">Vaishya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shudra" title="Shudra">Shudra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalit" title="Dalit">Dalit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%81ti" title="Jāti">Jāti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotra" title="Gotra">Gotra</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hindu Art</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_art" title="Hindu art">Hindu art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_iconography" title="Hindu iconography">Hindu iconography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shilpa_Shastras" title="Shilpa Shastras">Shilpa Shastras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasa_(aesthetics)" title="Rasa (aesthetics)">Rasa (aesthetics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_aesthetics" title="Indian aesthetics">Indian aesthetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yantra" title="Yantra">Yantra</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hindu Architecture</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_architecture" title="Hindu architecture">Hindu architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple_architecture" title="Hindu temple architecture">Hindu temple architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vastu_shastra" title="Vastu shastra">Vastu shastra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talamana" title="Talamana">Talamana</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hindu Music</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_music" title="Hindu music">Hindu music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shruti_(music)" title="Shruti (music)">Shruti (music)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svara" title="Svara">Svara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alank%C4%81ra" title="Alankāra">Alankāra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tala_(music)" title="Tala (music)">Tala (music)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raga" title="Raga">Raga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasa_(aesthetics)" title="Rasa (aesthetics)">Rasa (aesthetics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangita" title="Sangita">Sangita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadya" title="Vadya">Vadya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natya_Shastra" title="Natya Shastra">Natya Shastra</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Food & Diet Customs</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_in_Hinduism" title="Diet in Hinduism">Diet in Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sattvic_diet" title="Sattvic diet">Sattvic diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitahara" title="Mitahara">Mitahara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhatka" title="Jhatka">Jhatka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrata" title="Vrata">Vrata</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Time Keeping Practices</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_units_of_time" title="Hindu units of time">Hindu units of time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchangam" title="Panchangam">Panchangam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaka_era" title="Shaka era">Shaka era</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hindu Pilgrimage</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites">Pilgrimage sites</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Other society-related topics:</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Hindu_sentiment" title="Anti-Hindu sentiment">Discrimination</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Hindus" title="Persecution of Hindus">Persecution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_nationalism" title="Hindu nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindutva" title="Hindutva">Hindutva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_organisations" title="List of Hindu organisations">Organisations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_reform_movements" title="Hindu reform movements">Reform movements</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hinduism" title="Portal:Hinduism">Other topics</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_by_country" title="Hinduism by country">Hinduism by country</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_India" title="Greater India">Greater India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_Hinduism" title="Balinese Hinduism">Balinese Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Shaktism" title="Caribbean Shaktism">Caribbean Shaktism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Hindu_scriptures_and_texts" title="Template:Hindu scriptures and texts">Template:Hindu scriptures and texts</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hinduism & Other Religions</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Jainism" title="Hinduism and Jainism">Hinduism and Jainism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_Hinduism" title="Buddhism and Hinduism">and Buddhism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Sikhism" title="Hinduism and Sikhism">and Sikhism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Judaism" title="Hinduism and Judaism">and Judaism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism and Christianity">and Christianity</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93Islamic_relations" title="Hindu–Islamic relations">and Islam</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Other Related Links (Templates)</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Hindu_scriptures_and_texts" title="Template:Hindu scriptures and texts"> Hindu Scriptures & Texts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Hindu_philosophy" title="Template:Hindu philosophy"> Hindu Philosphy</a></li> <li>Sampradayas (Traditions) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Saivism" title="Template:Saivism"> Shaivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Vaishnavism" title="Template:Vaishnavism"> Vaishnavism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Saktism" title="Template:Saktism"> Shaktism</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Hinduism" title="Outline of Hinduism">Outline</a></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Aum_Om_red.svg/16px-Aum_Om_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Aum_Om_red.svg/23px-Aum_Om_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Aum_Om_red.svg/31px-Aum_Om_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="356" data-file-height="367" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hinduism" title="Portal:Hinduism">Hinduism portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hinduism" title="Template:Hinduism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hinduism" title="Template talk:Hinduism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hinduism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hinduism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The following list consists of notable <a href="/wiki/Concept" title="Concept">concepts</a> that are derived from <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hindu culture</a> and associated cultures’ (<a href="/wiki/Culture_of_India" title="Culture of India">Indian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Nepal" title="Culture of Nepal">Nepali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balinese_people#Culture" title="Balinese people">Balinese</a>) traditions, which are expressed as words in <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit language">Sanskrit</a> or other <a href="/wiki/Indo-Aryan_languages" title="Indo-Aryan languages">Indic languages</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dravidian_languages" title="Dravidian languages">Dravidian languages</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlesher_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlesher-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main purpose of this list is to disambiguate multiple spellings, to make note of spellings no longer in use for these concepts, to define the concept in one or two lines, to make it easy for one to find and pin down specific concepts, and to provide a guide to unique concepts of Hinduism all in one place.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDallapiccola2002_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDallapiccola2002-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Separating concepts in Hinduism from concepts specific to Indian <a href="/wiki/Culture" title="Culture">culture</a>, or from the language itself, can be difficult. Many <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> concepts have an Indian secular meaning as well as a Hindu dharmic meaning. One example is the concept of <a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">Dharma</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sanskrit, like all languages, contains words whose meanings differ across various contexts. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="A">A</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: A"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Arti_(Hinduism)" title="Arti (Hinduism)">Arti</a></dt> <dd>Hindu ritual for welcoming someone.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Abhisheka" title="Abhisheka">Abhisheka</a></b></dt> <dd>Hindu bathing ritual offered to someone who is worshipped.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Acharya" title="Acharya">Acharya</a></b></dt> <dd>Hindu religious expert in any field.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Adharma" title="Adharma">Adharma</a></b></dt> <dd>Something against <a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">Dharma</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Advaita" class="mw-redirect" title="Advaita">Advaita</a></b></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Non-dualism" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-dualism">non-dual</a>, such as in Advaita Vedanta Philosophy.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Agastya" title="Agastya">Agastya</a></b></dt> <dd>Hindu sage.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Agni" title="Agni">Agni</a></b></dt> <dd>Fire god.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Ahamkara" title="Ahamkara">Ahamkara</a></b></dt> <dd>Sanskrit term for "ego".</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></b></dt> <dd>A <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religious</a> principle of <a href="/wiki/Non-violence" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-violence">non-violence</a> and respect for all <a href="/wiki/Life" title="Life">life</a>. <i>Ahimsa</i> (<span title="Sanskrit-language text"><span lang="sa">अहिंसा</span></span> <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">ahiṁsā</i></span>) is <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> for avoidance of <i>himsa</i>, or injury. It is interpreted most often as meaning peace and reverence toward all <a href="/wiki/Sentience" title="Sentience">sentient</a> beings. Ahimsa is the core of <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>. Its first mention in Indian philosophy is found in the Hindu scriptures called the <a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a>, the oldest dating about 800 BC. Those who practice Ahimsa are often <a href="/wiki/Vegetarianism" title="Vegetarianism">vegetarians</a> or <a href="/wiki/Vegan" class="mw-redirect" title="Vegan">vegans</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Akashic_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Akashic Records">Akashic Records</a></b></dt> <dd>(<a href="/wiki/Akasha" title="Akasha">Akasha</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> word meaning "sky", "space" or "<a href="/wiki/Aether_(mythology)" title="Aether (mythology)">aether</a>") In the religion of theosophy and the philosophical school called anthroposophy, the Akashic records are a compendium of all universal events, thoughts, words, emotions and intent ever to have occurred in the past, present, or future in terms of all entities and life forms, not just human. They are believed by theosophists to be encoded in a non-physical plane of existence known as the mental plane.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Akshaya_Tritiya" title="Akshaya Tritiya">Akshaya Tritiya</a></b></dt> <dd>Annual spring festival for <a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jains</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/A%C3%B1jan%C4%81" title="Añjanā">Añjanā</a></b></dt> <dd>Mother of <a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Antahkarana" title="Antahkarana">Antahkarana</a></b></dt> <dd>Totality of mind.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Antyesti" title="Antyesti">Antyesti</a></b></dt> <dd>Last death ritual.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Ashram" title="Ashram">Ashram</a></b></dt> <dd>Hindu monastery.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Asura" title="Asura">Asura</a></b></dt> <dd>A semi-divine, power-seeking being.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Ashvins" title="Ashvins">Ashvins</a></b></dt> <dd>Hindu twin gods for medicine, health and science.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Ashwatthama" title="Ashwatthama">Ashwatthama</a></b></dt> <dd>The son of <a href="/wiki/Drona" title="Drona">Drona</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Aruna_(Hinduism)" title="Aruna (Hinduism)">Aruna</a></b></dt> <dd>The charioteer of <a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">Surya</a> the Sun God.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Aryan" title="Aryan">Aryan</a></b></dt> <dd>Group of <a href="/wiki/Vedic_period" title="Vedic period">Vedic people</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Astika" class="mw-redirect" title="Astika">Astika</a></b></dt> <dd>Orthodox (of Indian religions/schools of thought).</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/%C4%80tman_(Hinduism)" title="Ātman (Hinduism)">Atman</a></b></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Self" title="Self">Self</a> or <a href="/wiki/Spirit_(vital_essence)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spirit (vital essence)">spirit</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Aupasana" title="Aupasana">Aupasana</a></b></dt> <dd>Yagya performed during <a href="/wiki/Hindu_wedding" title="Hindu wedding">Hindu wedding</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Avarna" class="mw-redirect" title="Avarna">Avarna</a></b></dt> <dd>A person not belonging to any class in <a href="/wiki/Varna_(Hinduism)" title="Varna (Hinduism)">Varna system</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">Avatar</a></b></dt> <dd>Material appearance or incarnation of a deity on earth.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Ayurveda" title="Ayurveda">Ayurveda</a></b></dt> <dd>A medical system of <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="B">B</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: B"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Bajrang_Bali" class="mw-redirect" title="Bajrang Bali">Bajrang Bali</a></b></dt> <dd>Other name of <a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></b></dt> <dd>A knowledge of the attaining the <a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">supreme</a> told to <a href="/wiki/Arjuna" title="Arjuna">Arjuna</a> by <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Kurukshetra" title="Kurukshetra">Kurukshetra</a> battlefield.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Bhagavan" title="Bhagavan">Bhagavan</a></b></dt> <dd>Bhagavan is a term used to refer to a god.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Bhagavata" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhagavata">Bhagavata</a></b></dt> <dd>Worship of <i>Bhagavat</i> Vishnu.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Bhagavati" title="Bhagavati">Bhagavati</a></b></dt> <dd>A word for female <a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_deities" title="List of Hindu deities">Hindu deities</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Bhajan" title="Bhajan">Bhajan</a></b></dt> <dd>A Hindu devotional song as a spiritual practice.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Bhakti" title="Bhakti">Bhakti</a></b></dt> <dd>A Hindu word for faith, devotion or love to god.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Names_for_India" title="Names for India">Bharat</a></b></dt> <dd>India, and also used as a male name.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Bharata_(Ramayana)" title="Bharata (Ramayana)">Bharata</a></b></dt> <dd>Brother of <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Bhargava" title="Bhargava">Bhargava</a></b></dt> <dd>The descendants of the great rishi, <a href="/wiki/Bhrigu" title="Bhrigu">Bhrigu</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Bhasmasura" title="Bhasmasura">Bhasmasura</a></b></dt> <dd>Ancient legendary character in <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Bhavana" title="Bhavana">Bhavana</a></b></dt> <dd>Sense for <i>calling into existence</i>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Bh%C5%ABmi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhūmi">Bhumi</a></b></dt> <dd>Earth goddess</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a></b></dt> <dd>The Creator God.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Brahmaloka" title="Brahmaloka">Brahmaloka</a></b></dt> <dd>The celestial abode of Brahma.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Brahmacharya" title="Brahmacharya">Brahmacharya</a></b></dt> <dd>The first phase of a person's life where he goes to live with his guru to learn the different studies.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a></b></dt> <dd>The Supreme Transcendental Awareness which pervades and yet transcends the manifest universe. Not to be confused with the god Brahma or the varna Brahmin.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Brahmin" title="Brahmin">Brahmin</a></b></dt> <dd>The class or varna of people consisting of priests, teachers, sages, and <a href="/wiki/Gurus" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurus">gurus</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Sutras" title="Brahma Sutras">Brahma Sutras</a></b></dt> <dd>Sanskrit texts attributed by Sage <a href="/wiki/Vyasa" title="Vyasa">Vyasa</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Brahmastra" title="Brahmastra">Brahmastra</a></b></dt> <dd>Supernatural weapon as per Hindu texts.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Braj" title="Braj">Braj</a></b></dt> <dd>Region associated with <a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Buddhi" title="Buddhi">Buddhi</a></b></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Intelligence" title="Intelligence">Intelligence</a> or <a href="/wiki/Soul" title="Soul">soul</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="C">C</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: C"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Catur_sloki" title="Catur sloki">Catur Sloki</a></b></dt> <dd>Four most important verses among <a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">Hindu texts</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Chakra" title="Chakra">Chakra</a></b></dt> <dd>Focal points in body activated during meditation.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Charu" title="Charu">Charu</a></b></dt> <dd>Pure and spiritual person.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Chyavana" title="Chyavana">Chyavana</a></b></dt> <dd>A great <a href="/wiki/Bhargava" title="Bhargava">Bhargava</a> rishi.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Chiranjivi" title="Chiranjivi">Chiranjivi</a></b></dt> <dd>One who is immortal.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Citta" class="mw-redirect" title="Citta">Chitta</a></b></dt> <dd>Mind and its fluctuations.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Chintan" title="Chintan">Chintan</a></b></dt> <dd>A peaceful mantra or smaran.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="D">D</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: D"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Daitya" title="Daitya">Daitya</a></b></dt> <dd>A race of <a href="/wiki/Asuras" class="mw-redirect" title="Asuras">Asuras</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Dakini" title="Dakini">Dakini</a></b></dt> <dd>Female spirit of demon as per <a href="/wiki/Hindu_mythology" title="Hindu mythology">Hindu mythology</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/D%C4%81na" title="Dāna">Dāna</a></b></dt> <dd>Virtue of generosity.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Dasharatha" title="Dasharatha">Dasharatha</a></b></dt> <dd>Father of <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Dashavatara" title="Dashavatara">Dashavatara</a></b></dt> <dd>The series of 10 <a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">Avatars</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">Deva</a></b></dt> <dd>Term for deity in Hinduism.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Devi</a></b></dt> <dd>Term for female deity in Hinduism.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">Dharma</a></b></dt> <dd>Following the divine and great path.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Dharma%C5%9B%C4%81stra" title="Dharmaśāstra">Dharmaśāstra</a></b></dt> <dd>Hindu theological texts in Sanskrit.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Dhritarashtra" title="Dhritarashtra">Dhritarashtra</a></b></dt> <dd>Father of <a href="/wiki/Kaurava" title="Kaurava">Kaurava</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Dhyana_in_Hinduism" title="Dhyana in Hinduism">Dhyana</a></b></dt> <dd>Meditation.</dd> <dt><b><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#D">Dhaumya</a></b></dt> <dd>A great sage who had three disciples – <a href="/wiki/Aruni#In_the_Mahabharata" class="mw-redirect" title="Aruni">Aruni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Upamanyu" title="Upamanyu">Upamanyu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Uttanka#Adi_Parva" title="Uttanka">Veda</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Dil%C4%ABpa" title="Dilīpa">Dilīpa</a></b></dt> <dd>Hindu king of <a href="/wiki/Ikshvaku_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Ikshvaku dynasty">Ikshvaku dynasty</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Dhruva" title="Dhruva">Dhruva</a></b></dt> <dd>Ascetic devotee of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Drona" title="Drona">Drona</a></b></dt> <dd>Guru (or teacher) of <a href="/wiki/Kauravas" class="mw-redirect" title="Kauravas">Kauravas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pandavas" class="mw-redirect" title="Pandavas">Pandavas</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Dvaita" class="mw-redirect" title="Dvaita">Dvaita</a></b></dt> <dd>A branch of <a href="/wiki/Hindu_philosophy" title="Hindu philosophy">Hindu philosophy</a>, founded by <a href="/wiki/Shri_Madhvacharya" class="mw-redirect" title="Shri Madhvacharya">Shri Madhvacharya</a> that advocates <a href="/wiki/Dualism_(Indian_philosophy)" title="Dualism (Indian philosophy)">dualism</a> and stresses a strict distinction between God and souls.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Dyaus" title="Dyaus">Dyaus</a></b></dt> <dd>Rigvedic god of the <a href="/wiki/Aether_(classical_element)" title="Aether (classical element)">aether</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sky" title="Sky">sky</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="E">E</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: E"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Ekalavya" title="Ekalavya">Ekalavya</a></b></dt> <dd>Young Nishada prince and character in Mahabharata.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Ekay%C4%81na" title="Ekayāna">Ekayāna</a></b></dt> <dd>Oneness of god in Hinduism.</dd> <dt><b><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#E">Elapatra</a></b></dt> <dd>A character in the <a href="/wiki/Sarpa_Satra" title="Sarpa Satra">Sarpa Satra</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="G">G</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: G"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Gandhara" title="Gandhara">Gandhara</a></b></dt> <dd>Ancient Indian <a href="/wiki/Mahajanapadas" title="Mahajanapadas">Mahajanapadas</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Gandhari_(Mahabharata)" title="Gandhari (Mahabharata)">Gandhari</a></b></dt> <dd>Wife of <a href="/wiki/Dhritarashtra" title="Dhritarashtra">Dhritarashtra</a> and mother of <a href="/wiki/Kaurava" title="Kaurava">Kaurava</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Gandhari_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Gandhari people">Gandhari people</a></b></dt> <dd>Ancient Hindu tribes in <a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Gandharva" title="Gandharva">Gandharva</a></b></dt> <dd>Rigvedic tribe.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Ganesha" title="Ganesha">Ganesha</a></b></dt> <dd>The god of new beginnings, wisdom, and luck, commonly identified for his <a href="/wiki/Elephant" title="Elephant">elephant</a> <a href="/wiki/Head" title="Head">head</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganga</a></b></dt> <dd>A <a href="/wiki/Holy_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy river">holy river</a> in <a href="/wiki/Northern_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern India">Northern India</a>, believed to be a goddess by Hindus (see <a href="/wiki/Ganga_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Ganga in Hinduism">Ganga in Hinduism</a>).</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Gayatri_Mantra" title="Gayatri Mantra">Gayatri Mantra</a></b></dt> <dd>A revered <a href="/wiki/Mantra" title="Mantra">mantra</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, found in the <a href="/wiki/Yajur_Veda" class="mw-redirect" title="Yajur Veda">Yajur Veda</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Ghanta" title="Ghanta">Ghanta</a></b></dt> <dd>Metal bell used during Hindu worship ritual.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Gita" class="mw-redirect" title="Gita">Gita</a></b></dt> <dd>holy text/song/book, typically Bhagavad-gita, and many including <a href="/wiki/Anugita" title="Anugita">Anugita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ashtavakra_Gita" title="Ashtavakra Gita">Ashtavakra Gita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avadhuta_Gita" title="Avadhuta Gita">Avadhuta Gita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Devi_Gita" title="Devi Gita">Devi Gita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ganesha_Purana#Kridakhanda:_The_Ganesha_Gita" title="Ganesha Purana">The Ganesha Gita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gita_Dhyanam" title="Gita Dhyanam">Gita Dhyanam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gita_Govinda" title="Gita Govinda">Gita Govinda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guru_Gita" title="Guru Gita">Guru Gita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hamsa_Gita" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamsa Gita">Hamsa Gita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yogi_Gita" title="Yogi Gita">Yogi Gita</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Goloka" title="Goloka">Goloka</a></b></dt> <dd>Spiritual abode of <a href="/wiki/Radha_Krishna" title="Radha Krishna">Radha Krishna</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Gopi" title="Gopi">Gopi</a></b></dt> <dd>Milkmaids of <a href="/wiki/Braj" title="Braj">Braj</a> region who are revered as the consorts and devotees of <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Gotra" title="Gotra">Gotra</a></b></dt> <dd>Ancestral lineage among Hindus.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Grahana" title="Grahana">Grahana</a></b></dt> <dd>Eclipse in Hindu mythology.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Grihastha" class="mw-redirect" title="Grihastha">Grihastha</a></b></dt> <dd>The second of the four phases (<i><a href="#Purushartha">Purushartha</a></i>) of a man, when a person gets married and settles down in life and begets children.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Guru" title="Guru">Guru</a></b></dt> <dd>A spiritual teacher. In contemporary India, the title and term "Guru" is widely used within the general meaning of "wise man".</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="H">H</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: H"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a></b></dt> <dd>A <a href="/wiki/Vanara" title="Vanara">vanara</a> who helped <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a>, the seventh avatar of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>, in rescuing his wife <a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Rakshasa" title="Rakshasa">Rakshasa</a> king <a href="/wiki/Ravana" title="Ravana">Ravana</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Hindu_scripture" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu scripture">Hindu scripture</a></b></dt> <dd>Sacred texts of Hinduism mostly written in <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a>. Hindu scripture is divided into two categories: <i><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Aruti_(scripture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Śruti (scripture)">Śruti</a></i> – that which is heard (i.e. revelation) and <i><a href="/wiki/Smriti" class="mw-redirect" title="Smriti">Smriti</a></i> – that which is remembered (i.e. tradition, not revelation).</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></b></dt> <dd>A worldwide religious tradition that is based on the <a href="/wiki/Veda" class="mw-redirect" title="Veda">Vedas</a> and is the direct descendant of the <a href="/wiki/Vedic_civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedic civilization">Vedic</a> religion. It encompasses many religious traditions that widely vary in practice, as well as many diverse sects and philosophies.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="I">I</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: I"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Indra" title="Indra">Indra</a></b></dt> <dd>The chief <a href="/wiki/Deity" title="Deity">deity</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rigveda</a>, the god of <a href="/wiki/Weather" title="Weather">weather</a> and <a href="/wiki/War" title="War">war</a> as well as Lord of <a href="/wiki/Swarga" class="mw-redirect" title="Swarga">Svargaloka</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Ishvara" title="Ishvara">Ishvara</a></b></dt> <dd>A <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> philosophical concept of <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a> referring to the Supreme Being which is the lord and the ruler of everything. <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> uses the term Ishvara exclusively to refer to the Supreme <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a> in a monotheistic sense.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="J">J</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: J"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Japa" title="Japa">Japa</a></b></dt> <dd>A spiritual discipline in which a devotee repeats a <a href="/wiki/Mantra" title="Mantra">mantra</a> or the name of <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a>. The repetition can be aloud, just the movement of lips or in the mind.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Jiva" title="Jiva">Jiva</a></b></dt> <dd>A living being.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Jivanmukta" title="Jivanmukta">Jivanmukta</a></b></dt> <dd>A liberated living individual.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Jnana" class="mw-redirect" title="Jnana">Jnana</a></b></dt> <dd>Knowledge.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Jnana_Yoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Jnana Yoga">Jnana Yoga</a></b></dt> <dd>Knowledge <a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="K">K</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: K"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Kailash" class="mw-redirect" title="Kailash">Kailasha</a></b></dt> <dd>The celestial abode of the destroyer deity, Shiva.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Kali" title="Kali">Kali</a></b></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kaivalya" title="Kaivalya">Kaivalya</a>: Independence (a goal in Yoga Sutra).</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Kali" title="Kali">Kali</a></b></dt> <dd>A dark, black aspect of the mother-goddess <a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Devi</a> whose consort is <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Kali_(demon)" title="Kali (demon)">Kali Purusha</a></b></dt> <dd>The demonic and evil personification of <a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></b></dt> <dd>Last of four <a href="/wiki/Yuga" title="Yuga">yugas</a> in Hindu cosmology.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Kalki" title="Kalki">Kalki</a></b></dt> <dd>The tenth <a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">avatar</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> who is yet to come and will appear as a man on a horse at the end of <a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Kama" title="Kama">Kama</a></b></dt> <dd>Best understood as aesthetics, the definition of Kama involves sensual gratification, sexual fulfillment, the pleasure of the senses, love, and the ordinary enjoyments of life regarded as one of the four ends of man (<a href="/wiki/Purusharthas" class="mw-redirect" title="Purusharthas">purusharthas</a>).</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a></b></dt> <dd>A Sanskrit term that encompasses the entire cycle of <a href="/wiki/Cause_and_effect" class="mw-redirect" title="Cause and effect">cause and effect</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Karma_Yoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Karma Yoga">Karma Yoga</a></b></dt> <dd>The practise of disciplining action. <a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a> <a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">yoga</a> focuses on the adherence to duty (<a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">dharma</a>) while remaining detached from the reward. It states that one can attain <a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Moksha</a> (salvation) by unselfishly doing his duties.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Kartikeya" title="Kartikeya">Kartikeya</a></b></dt> <dd>A god born out of a magical spark created by <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a>, his father. God of war, victory, and knowledge.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a></b></dt> <dd>The eighth avatar of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>, one of the most worshipped by many Hindus. Krishna is famous for his lecture to <a href="/wiki/Arjuna" title="Arjuna">Arjuna</a> written in the <a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Paksha" title="Paksha">Krishna Paksha</a></b></dt> <dd>15 days after <i>purnima</i> (full moon) day to <i>Amavasya</i> (new moon) day</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Kshatriya" title="Kshatriya">Kshatriya</a></b></dt> <dd>The class or varna in Hindu tradition, consisting of the warriors, soldiers, and rulers of society.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Kshira_Sagara" title="Kshira Sagara">Kshira Sagara</a></b></dt> <dd>The ocean of milk, an abode of Vishnu.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Kubera" title="Kubera">Kubera</a></b></dt> <dd>One of the gods of <a href="/wiki/Wealth" title="Wealth">wealth</a> and riches.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Kumb_Mela" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumb Mela">Kumbha Mela</a></b></dt> <dd>a huge Hindu religious pilgrimage/gathering/festival every 12 years at the Ganges and other sacred rivers, which many sanyasis (especially sadhus) attend.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Kurma" title="Kurma">Kurma</a></b></dt> <dd>The second <a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">avatar</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> where he took the form of a <a href="/wiki/Tortoise" title="Tortoise">tortoise</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="L">L</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: L"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a></b></dt> <dd>Goddess of prosperity, wealth and good fortune. She is the consort of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> and an aspect of <a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Devi</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="M">M</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: M"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></b></dt> <dd>One of the two major ancient <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> <a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">epics</a> of <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, the other being the <i><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></i>. The <i>Mahabharata</i> is of religious and philosophical importance in India; in particular, the <a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a>, which is one of its chapters (<i>Bhishmaparva</i>) and a sacred text of <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Maharishi" title="Maharishi">Maharishi</a></b></dt> <dd>A great enlightened one or seer including ancient gurus/teachers/writers and speakers/poets/singers of sacred literature, especially the Vedas.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Manas_(early_Buddhism)" title="Manas (early Buddhism)">Manas</a></b></dt> <dd>Root for <a href="/wiki/Indo-European" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-European">Indo-European</a> words such as <a href="/wiki/Mind" title="Mind">mind</a></dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple" title="Hindu temple">Mandir</a></b></dt> <dd>Temple.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Manidvipa" title="Manidvipa">Manidvipa</a></b></dt> <dd>Abode of the supreme goddess in Shaktism.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Mantra" title="Mantra">Mantra</a></b></dt> <dd>A <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religious</a> <a href="/wiki/Syllable" title="Syllable">syllable</a> or <a href="/wiki/Poem" class="mw-redirect" title="Poem">poem</a>, typically from the <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> language. They are primarily used as spiritual conduits, words, and vibrations that instill one-pointed <a href="/wiki/Concentration" title="Concentration">concentration</a> in the devotee. Other purposes have included religious ceremonies to accumulate wealth, avoid danger, or eliminate enemies. Mantras are performed through <a href="/wiki/Chanting" class="mw-redirect" title="Chanting">chanting</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81tali" title="Mātali">Mātali</a></b></dt> <dd>The charioteer of Indra.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Matsya" title="Matsya">Matsya</a></b></dt> <dd>The first <a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">avatar</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>, where he came in the form of a <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">fish</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Mitra_(Vedic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitra (Vedic)">Mitra</a></b></dt> <dd>One of the <a href="/wiki/%C4%80dityas" class="mw-redirect" title="Ādityas">Adityas</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Moksha</a></b></dt> <dd>Refers to liberation from the <a href="/wiki/Samsara" class="mw-redirect" title="Samsara">cycle</a> of death and <a href="/wiki/Reincarnation#Hinduism" title="Reincarnation">rebirth</a>. In higher <a href="/wiki/Hindu_philosophy" title="Hindu philosophy">Hindu philosophy</a>, it is seen as a transcendence of phenomenal being, of any sense of <a href="/wiki/Consciousness" title="Consciousness">consciousness</a> of <a href="/wiki/Time" title="Time">time</a>, <a href="/wiki/Space" title="Space">space</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Causality" title="Causality">causation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">karma</a>).</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Mount_Meru" title="Mount Meru">Mount Meru</a></b></dt> <dd>A sacred mountain.: <b><a href="/wiki/Muscular_Hinduism" title="Muscular Hinduism">Muscular Hinduism</a></b>: A movement to increase Hindu physical fitness.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="N">N</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: N"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Naraka" title="Naraka">Naraka</a></b></dt> <dd>Realm of punishment, the abode of <a href="/wiki/Yama_(Hinduism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yama (Hinduism)">Yama</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Narasimha" title="Narasimha">Narasimha</a></b></dt> <dd>The fourth <a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">avatar</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>. He is a mixed form of a man and a <a href="/wiki/Lion" title="Lion">lion</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Nastika" class="mw-redirect" title="Nastika">Nastika</a></b></dt> <dd>Unorthodox (such as <a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">Dharmas</a> which claim <a href="/wiki/Anatman" class="mw-redirect" title="Anatman">anatman</a>).</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana">Nirvana</a></b></dt> <dd>Literally "extinction" and/or "extinguishing", is the culmination of the <a href="/wiki/Yogi" title="Yogi">yogi</a>'s pursuit of liberation. <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> uses the word nirvana to describe the state of <a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">moksha</a>, roughly equivalent to <a href="/wiki/Heaven" title="Heaven">heaven</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="O">O</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: O"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Om" title="Om">Om</a></b></dt> <dd>("Om", also <i>Aum</i>, <b>ॐ</b>) is the most <a href="/wiki/Sacred" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred">sacred</a> <a href="/wiki/Syllable" title="Syllable">syllable</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, first coming to light in the <a href="/wiki/Historical_Vedic_religion" title="Historical Vedic religion">Vedic Tradition</a>. The syllable is sometimes referred to as the "<b>Udgitha</b>" or "pranava mantra" (primordial mantra); not only because it is considered to be the primal sound, but also because most <a href="/wiki/Mantra" title="Mantra">mantras</a> begin with it.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="P">P</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: P"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Paramukta" class="mw-redirect" title="Paramukta">Paramukta</a></b></dt> <dd>A supremely liberated living individual</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Parashurama" title="Parashurama">Parashurama</a></b></dt> <dd>The sixth <a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">Avatar</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>, where he came in the form of an axe-wielder to kill the corrupt kings at the time.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Parvati" title="Parvati">Parvati</a></b></dt> <dd>Goddess of power and devotion, the consort of <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a> and mother of <a href="/wiki/Ganesha" title="Ganesha">Ganesha</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Patala" title="Patala">Patala</a></b></dt> <dd>The netherworld.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Pativrata" title="Pativrata">Pativrata</a></b></dt> <dd>The conjugal fidelity of a wife towards her husband.: <b><a href="/wiki/Phalguna" title="Phalguna">Phalguna</a></b>: One of the months of the Hindu calendar.: <b><a href="/wiki/Pitrs" class="mw-redirect" title="Pitrs">Pitrs</a></b>: The spirits of departed ancestors.</dd> <dt><b>Prabhamandala</b> (or Siras-cakra)</dt> <dd>The head halo, or <i>aureoles</i>, of a Hindu deity (see also <a href="/wiki/Halo_(religious_iconography)" title="Halo (religious iconography)">Halo (religious iconography)</a>).</dd> <dt><b>Prabhavali</b></dt> <dd>The full-body halo, or <i>aureoles</i>, of a Hindu deity.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Pralaya" title="Pralaya">Pralaya</a></b></dt> <dd>Phenomenon of dissolution.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Purana" class="mw-redirect" title="Purana">Purana</a></b></dt> <dd>Any of many Hindu legend/mythology texts.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Purusharthas" class="mw-redirect" title="Purusharthas">Purushartha</a></b></dt> <dd>The four chief aims of human life. Arranged from lowest to highest, these goals are sensual pleasures (<a href="/wiki/Kama" title="Kama">kama</a>), worldly status and security (<a href="/wiki/Artha" title="Artha">artha</a>), personal righteousness and social morality (<a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">dharma</a>), and liberation from the cycle of <a href="/wiki/Reincarnation" title="Reincarnation">reincarnation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">moksha</a>).</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="R">R</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: R"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a></b></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> <a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">goddess</a> of love and devotion. Radha is the chief consort of god <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> who resides in <a href="/wiki/Goloka" title="Goloka">Goloka</a>. She is also revered as the <a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">avatar</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a></b></dt> <dd>The Seventh <a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">Avatara</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>. The life and heroic deeds of Rama are written in the <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> <a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">epic</a>, The <a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></b></dt> <dd>Part of the <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hindu</a> <a href="/wiki/Smriti" class="mw-redirect" title="Smriti">smriti</a>, written by <a href="/wiki/Valmiki" title="Valmiki">Valmiki</a>. This <a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">epic</a> of 24,000 verses in seven <i>kandas</i> (chapters or books) tells of a <a href="/wiki/Raghuvamsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Raghuvamsa">Raghuvamsa</a> prince, <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ayodhya_(Ramayana)" title="Ayodhya (Ramayana)">Ayodhya</a>, whose wife <a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a> is abducted by the <a href="/wiki/Rakshasa" title="Rakshasa">rakshasa</a> <a href="/wiki/Ravana" title="Ravana">Ravana</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Rishi" title="Rishi">Rishi</a></b></dt> <dd>An enlightened one or seer.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Rudra" title="Rudra">Rudra</a></b></dt> <dd>A <a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rigvedic</a> god of the <a href="/wiki/Storm" title="Storm">storm</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_hunting_deities" title="List of hunting deities">the hunt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Death" title="Death">death</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nature" title="Nature">nature</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wind" title="Wind">wind</a>. Rudra is an early form of <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a> and a name of Shiva in the <a href="/wiki/Shiva_sahasranama" class="mw-redirect" title="Shiva sahasranama">Shiva sahasranama</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Rukmini" title="Rukmini">Rukmini</a></b></dt> <dd>The Hindu goddess of fortune. The chief wife of the Hindu deity Krishna, an avatar of Lakshmi.</dd> <dt><b><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#R">Ruru</a></b></dt> <dd>The son of Pramati and grandson of <a href="/wiki/Chyavana" title="Chyavana">Chyavana</a>. He married Pramadvara, granddaughter of Vaivasvata <a href="/wiki/Manu_(Hinduism)" title="Manu (Hinduism)">Manu</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="S">S</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: S"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Sadhana" class="mw-redirect" title="Sadhana">Sadhana</a></b></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Spirituality" title="Spirituality">Spiritual</a> exercise by a <a href="/wiki/Sadhu" title="Sadhu">Sadhu</a> or a Sadhaka to attain <a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">moksha</a>, which is liberation from the cycle of birth and death (<a href="/wiki/Samsara" class="mw-redirect" title="Samsara">Samsara</a>), or a particular goal such as blessing from a <a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">deity</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Samadhi" title="Samadhi">Samadhi</a></b></dt> <dd>A term used in <a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">yogic</a> meditation. Samadhi is also the <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> word for a structure commemorating the dead.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Samkhya" title="Samkhya">Samkhya</a></b></dt> <dd>A school of philosophy emphasising a <a href="/wiki/Dualism_(Indian_philosophy)" title="Dualism (Indian philosophy)">dualism</a> between <a href="/wiki/Purusha" title="Purusha">Purusha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prakrti" class="mw-redirect" title="Prakrti">Prakrti</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Samsara" class="mw-redirect" title="Samsara">Samsara</a></b></dt> <dd>Refers to the concept of <a href="/wiki/Reincarnation" title="Reincarnation">reincarnation</a> or <a href="/wiki/Reincarnation#Hinduism" title="Reincarnation">rebirth</a> in <a href="/wiki/Indian_philosophy" title="Indian philosophy">Indian philosophical</a> traditions.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Samudra_Manthana" title="Samudra Manthana">Samudra Manthana</a></b></dt> <dd>The legend of the churning of the ocean.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Sanatana_Dharma" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanatana Dharma">Sanatana Dharma</a></b></dt> <dd>The Eternal Order/Truth/Law (An endonym of Hinduism).</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Sannyasa" title="Sannyasa">Sannyasa</a></b></dt> <dd>Hindu <a href="/wiki/Ascetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Ascetic">ascetic</a>/<a href="/wiki/Monastic" class="mw-redirect" title="Monastic">monastic</a> (monk or nun) such as a Sanyasi, Sadhvine or <a href="/wiki/Sadhu" title="Sadhu">Sadhu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swami" title="Swami">Swami</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Satyabhama" title="Satyabhama">Satyabhama</a></b></dt> <dd>is the Hindu Goddess and third queen of Krishna she is the personification of the goddess Bhumi and one of the incarnations of Lakshmi.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Saraswati" title="Saraswati">Saraswati</a></b></dt> <dd>The goddess of education and knowledge, and consort of <a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Shakta" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakta">Shakta</a></b></dt> <dd>A <a href="/wiki/Hindu_denomination" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu denomination">Hindu denomination</a> which follows the <a href="/wiki/Bhagavati" title="Bhagavati">Bhagavati</a>/<a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Devi</a>/<a href="/wiki/Shakti" title="Shakti">Shakti</a> (Goddess).</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Shakti" title="Shakti">Shakti</a></b></dt> <dd>An aspect of <a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Devi</a> and a personification of <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a> as the Divine Mother who represents the active, dynamic principles of feminine power.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a></b></dt> <dd>God of <a href="/wiki/Pralaya" title="Pralaya">destruction</a>, <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">birth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Death" title="Death">death</a>, <a href="/wiki/K%C4%81la" title="Kāla">time</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_arts" title="The arts">the arts</a>; the Supreme Being/Ultimate Reality in Shaivism. A form of <a href="/wiki/Ishvara" title="Ishvara">Ishvara</a> or <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a> in <a href="/wiki/Shaivism" title="Shaivism">Shaivism</a>. Śiva is commonly known as "the destroyer" and is the third god of the <a href="/wiki/Trimurti" title="Trimurti">Trimurti</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekkai_(Buddhism)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kekkai (Buddhism) (page does not exist)">Sīmābandha</a></b></dt> <dd>(Sanskrit सीमाबन्ध, literally “boundary, edge + bounded”) a restriction in access to a specific area, often for training &/or purification in esoteric Hinduism (and Buddhism).</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a></b></dt> <dd>The wife of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>'s seventh <a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">avatar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Shudra" title="Shudra">Shudra</a></b></dt> <dd>The class or varna in Hindu tradition, consisting of farmers, servants, and laborers.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Paksha" title="Paksha">Shukla Paksha</a></b></dt> <dd>15 days after Amavasya (new moon) day to Purnima (full moon) day</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Aloka" class="mw-redirect" title="Śloka">Sloka</a></b></dt> <dd>A verse of lines in <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a>, typically recited as a prayer.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Smarta" class="mw-redirect" title="Smarta">Smarta</a></b></dt> <dd>A <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> <a href="/wiki/Religious_denomination" title="Religious denomination">denomination</a>, which follows <a href="/wiki/Advaita" class="mw-redirect" title="Advaita">Advaita</a> philosophy and considers that all gods are manifestations of <a href="/wiki/Ishvar" class="mw-redirect" title="Ishvar">Ishvar</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Smriti" class="mw-redirect" title="Smriti">Smriti</a></b></dt> <dd>A newer/secondary canon of Hindu texts/scriptures including auxiliary Vedic texts, epics, Dharma Sutras & <a href="/wiki/Shastra" title="Shastra">Shastras</a>, Artha Shastras, Puranas, poetry, reviews/commentary, digests.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Aruti_(scripture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Śruti (scripture)">Śruti</a></b></dt> <dd>A canon of <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hindu</a> <a href="/wiki/Scripture" class="mw-redirect" title="Scripture">scriptures</a>. Shruti is believed to have no author; but rather a <a href="/wiki/Divinity" title="Divinity">divine</a> recording of the "cosmic sounds of truth", heard by <a href="/wiki/Rishi" title="Rishi">rishis</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Sthala_purana" title="Sthala purana">Sthala purana</a></b></dt> <dd>A regional account of a temple legend.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Sthala_Vriksha" title="Sthala Vriksha">Sthala Vriksha</a></b></dt> <dd>A sacred tree associated with a temple.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Stotra" title="Stotra">Stotra</a></b></dt> <dd>devotional hymn/song/mantras to a deva/devi.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/%C5%9A%C5%ABnyat%C4%81" title="Śūnyatā">Śūnyatā</a></b></dt> <dd>(शून्यता, romanized: śūnyatā), translated most often as "emptiness",[1] "vacuity", and sometimes "voidness",[2] or "nothingness"; a philosophical concept. Within Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, and other philosophical strands, the concept has multiple meanings depending on its doctrinal context. It is either an ontological feature of reality, a meditative state, or a phenomenological analysis of experience.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Sutra" title="Sutra">Sutra</a></b></dt> <dd>Refers to an aphorism or a collection of such aphorisms in the form of a book or text.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Svarga" title="Svarga">Svarga</a></b></dt> <dd>The celestial abode of the <a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">devas</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Svayambhu" title="Svayambhu">Svayambhu</a></b></dt> <dd>The concept of self-birth or self-manifestation.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="T">T</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: T"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Tantra" title="Tantra">Tantra</a></b></dt> <dd>The esoteric Hindu traditions of <a href="/wiki/Ritual" title="Ritual">rituals</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">yoga</a>. Tantra can be summarised as a family of voluntary rituals modeled on those of the Vedas, together with their attendant texts and lineages.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Torana" title="Torana">Torana</a></b></dt> <dd>(Sanskrit: तोरण; [tawr-uh-nuh]) is a free-standing ornamental or arched gateway for ceremonial purposes in Hindu, Buddhist and Jain architecture of the Indian subcontinent. <i>Toranas</i> can also be widely seen in Southeast Asia and parts of East Asia; Chinese <i><a href="/wiki/Shanmen" title="Shanmen">Shanmen</a></i> gateways, Japanese <i><a href="/wiki/Torii" title="Torii">Torii</a></i> gateways, Korean <i><a href="/wiki/Iljumun" title="Iljumun">Iljumun</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Hongsalmun" title="Hongsalmun">Hongsalmun</a></i> gateways, Vietnamese <i><a href="/wiki/Tam_quan" title="Tam quan">Tam quan</a></i> gateways, and <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thai_Sao_Ching_Cha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thai Sao Ching Cha (page does not exist)">Thai Sao Ching Cha</a></i> was derived from the Indian Torana. They are also referred to as <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vandanamalikas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vandanamalikas (page does not exist)">vandanamalikas</a></i>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U">U</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: U"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Upanishad" class="mw-redirect" title="Upanishad">Upanishad</a></b></dt> <dd>Part of the <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hindu</a> <i><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Aruti_(scripture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Śruti (scripture)">Śruti</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Sacred_text" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred text">scriptures</a> which primarily discuss <a href="/wiki/Meditation" title="Meditation">meditation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy">philosophy</a>, seen as religious instructions by most schools of <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="V">V</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: V"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Vaikuntha" title="Vaikuntha">Vaikuntha</a></b></dt> <dd>The celestial abode of the preserver deity, Vishnu.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Vaishya" title="Vaishya">Vaishya</a></b></dt> <dd>The class or varna in Hindu tradition consisting of merchants, traders, artisans, and landowners.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Vamana" title="Vamana">Vamana</a></b></dt> <dd>The fifth <a href="/wiki/Avatara" class="mw-redirect" title="Avatara">Avatara</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>. He is the first Avatar of Vishnu which had a completely human form, although it was that of a dwarf <a href="/wiki/Brahmin" title="Brahmin">brahmin</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Vanaprastha" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanaprastha">Vanaprastha</a></b></dt> <dd>A person who is living in the forest as a hermit after giving up material desires.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Varaha" title="Varaha">Varaha</a></b></dt> <dd>The third <a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">avatar</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>, who came in the form of a <a href="/wiki/Boar" class="mw-redirect" title="Boar">boar</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Varna_(Hinduism)" title="Varna (Hinduism)">Varna</a></b></dt> <dd>Varna, according to Hindu scriptures, refers to the classification of people based on their qualities. The term is derived from the Sanskrit word, vr, which means "to describe," "to classify" or "to cover."</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Varuna" title="Varuna">Varuna</a></b></dt> <dd>A god of the <a href="/wiki/Sky" title="Sky">sky</a>, of <a href="/wiki/Rain" title="Rain">rain</a> and of the <a href="/wiki/Celestial_ocean" class="mw-redirect" title="Celestial ocean">celestial ocean</a>, as well as a god of <a href="/wiki/Law" title="Law">law</a> and of the <a href="/wiki/Underworld" title="Underworld">underworld</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Vasu" title="Vasu">Vasu</a></b></dt> <dd>Group of eight deities associated with fire and light.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Vayu" title="Vayu">Vayu</a></b></dt> <dd>The god of <a href="/wiki/Air" class="mw-redirect" title="Air">air</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wind" title="Wind">wind</a> who is also father of <a href="/wiki/Bhima" title="Bhima">Bhima</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Veda" class="mw-redirect" title="Veda">Veda</a></b></dt> <dd>Collectively refers to a corpus of ancient Indo-Aryan religious literature that is considered by adherents of <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> to be <i>revealed</i> knowledge. Many <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> believe the Vedas existed since the beginning of creation.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Vedanta" title="Vedanta">Vedanta</a></b></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedic</a> <a href="/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy">Philosophy</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Vij%C3%B1%C4%81na" title="Vijñāna">Vijnana</a></b></dt> <dd>Mind or knowing <a href="/wiki/Divinity" title="Divinity">The Divine</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a></b></dt> <dd>God of Preservation. A form of <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a>, to whom many <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindus</a> pray. For <a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavas</a>, He is the only Ultimate Reality or God. In <a href="/wiki/Trimurti" title="Trimurti">Trimurti</a> belief, He is the second aspect of God in the <a href="/wiki/Trimurti" title="Trimurti">Trimurti</a> (also called the Hindu Trinity), along with <a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a>. Known as the <i>Preserver</i>, He is most famously identified with His <a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">avatars</a>, especially <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Vrata" title="Vrata">Vrata</a></b></dt> <dd>Fast.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Y">Y</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Y"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt><b><a href="/wiki/Yajna" title="Yajna">Yajna</a></b></dt> <dd>A <a href="/wiki/Historical_Vedic_religion" title="Historical Vedic religion">Vedic</a> <a href="/wiki/Ritual" title="Ritual">ritual</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sacrifice" title="Sacrifice">sacrifice</a> performed to please the <a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">Devas</a>, or sometimes to the Supreme Spirit <a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a>. Often it involves a fire, which represents the god <a href="/wiki/Agni" title="Agni">Agni</a>, in the center of the stage and items are offered into the fire.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Yajnopavita" class="mw-redirect" title="Yajnopavita">Yajnopavita</a></b></dt> <dd>Sacred thread worn by <a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindus</a>, especially by <a href="/wiki/Brahmin" title="Brahmin">Brahmin</a> after the rite of <a href="/wiki/Upanayana" title="Upanayana">Upanayana</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Yama_(Hinduism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yama (Hinduism)">Yama</a></b></dt> <dd>The lord of <a href="/wiki/Death" title="Death">death</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, first recorded in the <a href="/wiki/Veda" class="mw-redirect" title="Veda">Vedas</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Yamas" title="Yamas">Yamas</a></b></dt> <dd>A yama (<a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a>), literally translates as a "restraint", a rule or code of conduct for living <a href="/wiki/Virtuous" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtuous">virtuously</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Yamuna_in_Hinduism" title="Yamuna in Hinduism">Yamuna</a></b></dt> <dd>A sacred Hindu river goddess and the fourth queen of Krishna, she is considered one of the incarnations of Lakshmi.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Yantra" title="Yantra">Yantra</a></b></dt> <dd>A geometric picture, typically holy/religious.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></b></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy">Philosophy</a> of <a href="/wiki/Spiritual_practice" title="Spiritual practice">spiritual practices</a> performed primarily as a means to <a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Liberation</a>. Traditionally, <a href="/wiki/Karma_Yoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Karma Yoga">Karma Yoga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhakti_Yoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhakti Yoga">Bhakti Yoga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jnana_Yoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Jnana Yoga">Jnana Yoga</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Raja_Yoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Raja Yoga">Raja Yoga</a> are considered the four main yogas. In the <a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">West</a>, yoga has become associated with the <a href="/wiki/Asanas" class="mw-redirect" title="Asanas">asanas</a> (postures) of <a href="/wiki/Hatha_Yoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatha Yoga">Hatha Yoga</a>, popular as fitness exercises.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Yogamaya" title="Yogamaya">Yogamaya</a></b></dt> <dd>A goddess, regarded to be the embodiment of the divine energy of Vishnu.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Sutra" class="mw-redirect" title="Yoga Sutra">Yoga Sutra</a></b></dt> <dd>One of the six <a href="/wiki/Darshana" class="mw-redirect" title="Darshana">darshanas</a> of Hindu or <a href="/wiki/Historical_Vedic_religion" title="Historical Vedic religion">Vedic</a> schools and, alongside the <a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hatha_Yoga_Pradipika" title="Hatha Yoga Pradipika">Hatha Yoga Pradipika</a>, are a milestone in the history of <a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a>.</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Yuga" title="Yuga">Yuga</a></b></dt> <dd>In Hindu philosophy (and in the teachings of Surat Shabd Yoga) the cycle of creation is divided into four yugas (ages or eras).</dd> <dt><b><a href="/wiki/Yuga_Dharma" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuga Dharma">Yuga Dharma</a></b></dt> <dd>One aspect of Dharma, as understood by Hindus. Yuga dharma is an aspect of dharma that is valid for a <a href="/wiki/Yuga" title="Yuga">Yuga</a>. The other aspect of dharma is Sanatan Dharma, dharma which is valid for eternity.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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.citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/termsofuse/">"Terms of Use"</a>. <i>The Hindu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-10-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Terms+of+Use&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Ftermsofuse%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlossary+of+Hinduism+terms" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlesher-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlesher_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFlesher">Flesher</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDallapiccola2002-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDallapiccola2002_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDallapiccola2002">Dallapiccola 2002</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://courses.lumenlearning.com/atd-fscj-worldreligions/chapter/etymology-and-history/">"Etymology and History of Hinduism | World Religions"</a>. <i>courses.lumenlearning.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-10-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=courses.lumenlearning.com&rft.atitle=Etymology+and+History+of+Hinduism+%7C+World+Religions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcourses.lumenlearning.com%2Fatd-fscj-worldreligions%2Fchapter%2Fetymology-and-history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlossary+of+Hinduism+terms" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_and_cited_sources">General and cited sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: General and cited sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStorm1999" class="citation book cs1">Storm, Rachel (1999). <i>The Encyclopedia of Eastern Mythology</i>. New York: Lorenz Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7548-0069-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7548-0069-5"><bdi>0-7548-0069-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Eastern+Mythology&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Lorenz+Books&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-7548-0069-5&rft.aulast=Storm&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlossary+of+Hinduism+terms" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlesher" class="citation web cs1">Flesher, Paul V. M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060615071515/http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/religionet/er/hinduism/HGLOSSRY.HTM">"Hinduism Glossary for Introduction to Religion"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/religionet/er/hinduism/HGLOSSRY.HTM">the original</a> on 2006-06-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-06-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hinduism+Glossary+for+Introduction+to+Religion&rft.aulast=Flesher&rft.aufirst=Paul+V.+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuwacadweb.uwyo.edu%2Freligionet%2Fer%2Fhinduism%2FHGLOSSRY.HTM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlossary+of+Hinduism+terms" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDallapiccola2002" class="citation book cs1">Dallapiccola, Anna L. (2002). <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Hindu_Lore_and_Legend" title="Dictionary of Hindu Lore and Legend">Dictionary of Hindu Lore and Legend</a></i>. Thames & Hudson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-500-51088-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-500-51088-1"><bdi>0-500-51088-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Hindu+Lore+and+Legend&rft.pub=Thames+%26+Hudson&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-500-51088-1&rft.aulast=Dallapiccola&rft.aufirst=Anna+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGlossary+of+Hinduism+terms" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output 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style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om" title="Om">Om</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishvara" title="Ishvara">Ishvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80tman_(Hinduism)" title="Ātman (Hinduism)">Atman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_(religion)" title="Maya (religion)">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%E1%B9%83s%C4%81ra" title="Saṃsāra">Saṃsāra</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puru%E1%B9%A3%C4%81rtha" title="Puruṣārtha">Puruṣārthas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">Dharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artha" title="Artha">Artha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kama" title="Kama">Kama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Moksha</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_in_religion#Hindu_ethics" title="Ethics in religion">Niti</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achourya" title="Achourya">Asteya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aparigraha" class="mw-redirect" title="Aparigraha">Aparigraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacarya" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmacarya">Brahmacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satya" title="Satya">Satya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%81na" title="Dāna">Dāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperance_(virtue)#Hinduism" title="Temperance (virtue)">Damah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compassion#Hinduism" title="Compassion">Dayā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akrodha" title="Akrodha">Akrodha</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_philosophy" title="Hindu philosophy">Schools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80stika_and_n%C4%81stika" title="Āstika and nāstika">Āstika</a>: <a href="/wiki/Samkhya" title="Samkhya">Samkhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyaya" title="Nyaya">Nyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaisheshika" title="Vaisheshika">Vaisheshika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%ABm%C4%81%E1%B9%83s%C4%81" title="Mīmāṃsā">Mīmāṃsā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanta" title="Vedanta">Vedanta</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dvaita_Vedanta" title="Dvaita Vedanta">Dvaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta" title="Advaita Vedanta">Advaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vishishtadvaita" title="Vishishtadvaita">Vishishtadvaita</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80stika_and_n%C4%81stika" title="Āstika and nāstika">Nāstika</a>: <a href="/wiki/Charvaka" title="Charvaka">Charvaka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Hindu "Om" symbol"><img alt="Hindu "Om" symbol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aum_Om_navy_blue_circle_hollow_coral.svg/100px-Aum_Om_navy_blue_circle_hollow_coral.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aum_Om_navy_blue_circle_hollow_coral.svg/150px-Aum_Om_navy_blue_circle_hollow_coral.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aum_Om_navy_blue_circle_hollow_coral.svg/200px-Aum_Om_navy_blue_circle_hollow_coral.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="507" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">Texts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;">Classification</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Aruti" title="Śruti">Śruti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Smṛti">Smṛti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rigveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajurveda" title="Yajurveda">Yajurveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaveda" title="Samaveda">Samaveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atharvaveda" title="Atharvaveda">Atharvaveda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;">Divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vedic_chant" title="Vedic chant">Samhita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmana" title="Brahmana">Brahmana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aranyaka" title="Aranyaka">Aranyaka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aitareya_Upanishad" title="Aitareya Upanishad">Aitareya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaushitaki_Upanishad" title="Kaushitaki Upanishad">Kaushitaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brihadaranyaka_Upanishad" title="Brihadaranyaka Upanishad">Brihadaranyaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isha_Upanishad" title="Isha Upanishad">Isha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taittiriya_Upanishad" title="Taittiriya Upanishad">Taittiriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katha_Upanishad" title="Katha Upanishad">Katha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maitrayaniya_Upanishad" title="Maitrayaniya Upanishad">Maitrayaniya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shvetashvatara_Upanishad" title="Shvetashvatara Upanishad">Shvetashvatara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandogya_Upanishad" title="Chandogya Upanishad">Chandogya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kena_Upanishad" title="Kena Upanishad">Kena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundaka_Upanishad" title="Mundaka Upanishad">Mundaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandukya_Upanishad" title="Mandukya Upanishad">Mandukya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prashna_Upanishad" title="Prashna Upanishad">Prashna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Upaveda" class="mw-redirect" title="Upaveda">Upavedas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayurveda" title="Ayurveda">Ayurveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_martial_arts" title="Indian martial arts">Dhanurveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natya_Shastra" title="Natya Shastra">Natyaveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple_architecture" title="Hindu temple architecture">Sthapatyaveda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Vedanga" title="Vedanga">Vedanga</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shiksha" title="Shiksha">Shiksha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_prosody" title="Sanskrit prosody">Chandas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vy%C4%81kara%E1%B9%87a" title="Vyākaraṇa">Vyākaraṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirukta" title="Nirukta">Nirukta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpa_(Vedanga)" title="Kalpa (Vedanga)">Kalpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyotisha" class="mw-redirect" title="Jyotisha">Jyotisha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_texts" title="List of Hindu texts">Other</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agama_(Hinduism)" title="Agama (Hinduism)">Agamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itihasa-Purana" title="Itihasa-Purana">Itihasas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puranas" title="Puranas">Puranas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanishads#Classification" title="Upanishads">Minor Upanishads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthashastra" title="Arthashastra">Arthashastra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitisara" title="Nitisara">Nitisara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharma%C5%9B%C4%81stra" title="Dharmaśāstra">Dharmaśāstra</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manusmriti" title="Manusmriti">Manusmriti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81radasm%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Nāradasmṛti">Nāradasmṛti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C4%81j%C3%B1avalkya_Sm%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Yājñavalkya Smṛti">Yājñavalkya Smṛti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutra" title="Sutra">Sutras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stotra" title="Stotra">Stotras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subhashita" title="Subhashita">Subhashita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantras_(Hinduism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tantras (Hinduism)">Tantras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Vasistha" title="Yoga Vasistha">Yoga Vasistha</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Sutras_of_Patanjali" title="Yoga Sutras of Patanjali">Yoga Sutras of Patanjali</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Sangam_literature" title="Sangam literature">Sangam literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tirumurai" title="Tirumurai">Tirumurai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divya_Prabandham" class="mw-redirect" title="Divya Prabandham">Divya Prabandham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirumuruk%C4%81%E1%B9%9F%E1%B9%9Fuppa%E1%B9%ADai" title="Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai">Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruppugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Thiruppugal">Thiruppugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirukkural" class="mw-redirect" title="Thirukkural">Thirukkural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamba_Ramayanam" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamba Ramayanam">Kamba Ramayanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Great_Epics" title="Five Great Epics">Five Great Epics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighteen_Greater_Texts" title="Eighteen Greater Texts">Eighteen Greater Texts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighteen_Lesser_Texts" title="Eighteen Lesser Texts">Eighteen Lesser Texts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athichudi" title="Athichudi">Athichudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraiyanar_Akapporul" title="Iraiyanar Akapporul">Iraiyanar Akapporul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abhirami_Antati" class="mw-redirect" title="Abhirami Antati">Abhirami Antati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvilaiyadal_Puranam" title="Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam">Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinayagar_Agaval" title="Vinayagar Agaval">Vinayagar Agaval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedarthasamgraha" title="Vedarthasamgraha">Vedarthasamgraha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_deities" title="Hindu deities">Deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">Gods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trimurti" title="Trimurti">Trimurti</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agni" title="Agni">Agni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dattatreya" title="Dattatreya">Dattatreya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesha" title="Ganesha">Ganesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indra" title="Indra">Indra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartikeya" title="Kartikeya">Kartikeya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">Surya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varuna" title="Varuna">Varuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vayu" title="Vayu">Vayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu_gods" title="Category:Hindu gods"><i>more</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Goddesses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tridevi" title="Tridevi">Tridevi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saraswati" title="Saraswati">Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvati" title="Parvati">Parvati</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhumi_(goddess)" title="Bhumi (goddess)">Bhumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durga" title="Durga">Durga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali" title="Kali">Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavidya" title="Mahavidya">Mahavidya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matrika" class="mw-redirect" title="Matrika">Matrika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rukmini" title="Rukmini">Rukmini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sati_(Hindu_goddess)" title="Sati (Hindu goddess)">Sati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakti" title="Shakti">Shakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shashthi" title="Shashthi">Shashthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu_goddesses" title="Category:Hindu goddesses"><i>more</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Practices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Worship_in_Hinduism" title="Worship in Hinduism">Worship</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple" title="Hindu temple">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murti" title="Murti">Murti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puja_(Hinduism)" title="Puja (Hinduism)">Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti" title="Bhakti">Bhakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japa" title="Japa">Japa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhajan" title="Bhajan">Bhajan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naivedhya" class="mw-redirect" title="Naivedhya">Naivedhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajna" title="Yajna">Yajna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homa_(ritual)" title="Homa (ritual)">Homa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapas_(Indian_religions)" title="Tapas (Indian religions)">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhy%C4%81na_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhyāna in Hinduism">Dhyāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites_in_India" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites in India">Tirthatana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Sanskara_(rite_of_passage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskara (rite of passage)">Sanskaras</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garbhadhana" title="Garbhadhana">Garbhadhana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumsavana" title="Pumsavana">Pumsavana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumsavana_Simantonayana" title="Pumsavana Simantonayana">Simantonayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatakarma" title="Jatakarma">Jatakarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81makara%E1%B9%87a" title="Nāmakaraṇa">Namakarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishkramana" title="Nishkramana">Nishkramana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annaprashana" title="Annaprashana">Annaprashana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chudakarana" title="Chudakarana">Chudakarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnavedha" title="Karnavedha">Karnavedha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidy%C4%81ra%E1%B9%83bha%E1%B9%83" title="Vidyāraṃbhaṃ">Vidyarambha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanayana" title="Upanayana">Upanayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keshanta" title="Keshanta">Keshanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritu_Kala_Samskaram" title="Ritu Kala Samskaram">Ritushuddhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samavartanam" title="Samavartanam">Samavartanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivaah" class="mw-redirect" title="Vivaah">Vivaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antyesti" title="Antyesti">Antyeshti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;">Varnashrama</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Varna_(Hinduism)" title="Varna (Hinduism)">Varna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmin" title="Brahmin">Brahmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kshatriya" title="Kshatriya">Kshatriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishya" title="Vaishya">Vaishya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shudra" title="Shudra">Shudra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashrama_(stage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashrama (stage)">Ashrama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacarya" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmacarya">Brahmacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grihastha" class="mw-redirect" title="Grihastha">Grihastha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanaprastha" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanaprastha">Vanaprastha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sannyasa" title="Sannyasa">Sannyasa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_festivals" title="List of Hindu festivals">Festivals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Diwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Shivaratri" title="Maha Shivaratri">Shivaratri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raksha_Bandhan" title="Raksha Bandhan">Raksha Bandhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navaratri" title="Navaratri">Navaratri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Durga_Puja" title="Durga Puja">Durga Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramlila" title="Ramlila">Ramlila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayadashami" title="Vijayadashami">Vijayadashami</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesh_Chaturthi" title="Ganesh Chaturthi">Ganesh Chaturthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama_Navami" title="Rama Navami">Rama Navami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmashtami" title="Krishna Janmashtami">Janmashtami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onam" title="Onam">Onam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pongal_(festival)" title="Pongal (festival)">Pongal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makar_Sankranti" title="Makar Sankranti">Makar Sankranti</a></li> <li>New Year <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bihu" title="Bihu">Bihu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudi_Padwa" title="Gudi Padwa">Gudi Padwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahela_Baishakh" class="mw-redirect" title="Pahela Baishakh">Pahela Baishakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthandu" title="Puthandu">Puthandu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaisakhi" title="Vaisakhi">Vaisakhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishu" title="Vishu">Vishu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugadi" title="Ugadi">Ugadi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbh_Mela" title="Kumbh Mela">Kumbh Mela</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haridwar_Kumbh_Mela" title="Haridwar Kumbh Mela">Haridwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashik-Trimbakeshwar_Simhastha" title="Nashik-Trimbakeshwar Simhastha">Nashik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayag_Kumbh_Mela" title="Prayag Kumbh Mela">Prayag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ujjain_Simhastha" title="Ujjain Simhastha">Ujjain</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ratha_Yatra_(Puri)" title="Ratha Yatra (Puri)">Ratha Yatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teej" title="Teej">Teej</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasant_Panchami" title="Vasant Panchami">Vasant Panchami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Hindu_festivals" title="Template:Hindu festivals">Others</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sv%C4%81dhy%C4%81ya" title="Svādhyāya">Svādhyāya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namaste" title="Namaste">Namaste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bindi_(decoration)" title="Bindi (decoration)">Bindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilaka" title="Tilaka">Tilaka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hinduism" title="Portal:Hinduism">Related</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindus</a> <ul><li><a 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nationalism">Nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindutva" title="Hindutva">Hindutva</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Hindus" title="Persecution of Hindus">Persecution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites">Pilgrimage sites</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites_in_India" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites in India">India</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_other_religions" title="Hinduism and other religions">Relations with other religions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith_and_Hinduism" title="Baháʼí Faith and Hinduism">Baháʼí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_Hinduism" title="Buddhism and Hinduism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93Islamic_relations" title="Hindu–Islamic relations">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_and_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Jainism and Hinduism">Jainism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Judaism" 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