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id="toc-Epic_Ramayana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Epic_Ramayana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Epic Ramayana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Epic_Ramayana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Epic_Mahabharata" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Epic_Mahabharata"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Epic Mahabharata</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Epic_Mahabharata-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bhishma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bhishma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Bhishma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bhishma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Karna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Karna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Karna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Karna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parshuram_Kshetra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parshuram_Kshetra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Parshuram Kshetra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parshuram_Kshetra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shastras" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shastras"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Shastras</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Shastras-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Shastras subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Shastras-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Devi_Bhagvata_Purana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Devi_Bhagvata_Purana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Devi Bhagvata Purana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Devi_Bhagvata_Purana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vishnu_Purana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vishnu_Purana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Vishnu Purana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vishnu_Purana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vayu_Purana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vayu_Purana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Vayu Purana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vayu_Purana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mahabharata" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mahabharata"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Mahabharata</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mahabharata-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Samanta_Panchaka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Samanta_Panchaka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Samanta Panchaka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Samanta_Panchaka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parashurama_Kshetra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parashurama_Kshetra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Parashurama Kshetra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parashurama_Kshetra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iconography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iconography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Iconography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iconography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_Temples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_Temples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>List of Temples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_Temples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle In popular culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bollywood" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bollywood"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Bollywood</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bollywood-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Parashurama</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 44 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85" title="برشرام – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="برشرام" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%81%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="পৰশুৰাম – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="পৰশুৰাম" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="পরশুরাম – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পরশুরাম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parashurama" title="Parashurama – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Parashurama" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parashurama" title="Parashurama – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Parashurama" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parashurama" title="Parashurama – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Parashurama" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parashurama" title="Parashurama – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Parashurama" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Παρασουράμα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Παρασουράμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parashurama" title="Parashurama – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Parashurama" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پارسهوراما – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پارسهوراما" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parashurama" title="Parashurama – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Parashurama" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AE" title="પરશુરામ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="પરશુરામ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%8A%88%EB%9D%BC%EB%A7%88" title="파라슈라마 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="파라슈라마" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="परशुराम – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="परशुराम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasurama" title="Parasurama – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Parasurama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Para%C5%9Bur%C4%81ma" title="Paraśurāma – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Paraśurāma" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasurama" title="Parasurama – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Parasurama" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE" title="ಪರಶುರಾಮ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪರಶುರಾಮ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Para%C5%A1urama" title="Parašurama – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Parašurama" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="परशुराम अवतार – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="परशुराम अवतार" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB" title="പരശുരാമൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പരശുരാമൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="परशुराम – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="परशुराम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%9D" title="ꯄꯔꯁꯨꯔꯥꯝ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯄꯔꯁꯨꯔꯥꯝ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parashurama" title="Parashurama – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Parashurama" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="परशुराम – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="परशुराम" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="परशुराम – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="परशुराम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E" title="パラシュラーマ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パラシュラーマ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%B6%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AE" title="ପରଶୁରାମ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ପରଶୁରାମ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE" title="ਪਰਸ਼ੂਰਾਮ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪਰਸ਼ੂਰਾਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85" title="پرشورام – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پرشورام" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99" title="រាមសូរ្យ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="រាមសូរ្យ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Para%C5%9Burama" title="Paraśurama – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Paraśurama" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraxurama" title="Paraxurama – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Paraxurama" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parshurama" title="Parshurama – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Parshurama" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Парашурама – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Парашурама" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%83" title="परशुरामः – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="परशुरामः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parashurama" title="Parashurama – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Parashurama" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parashurama" title="Parashurama – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Parashurama" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="பரசுராமர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பரசுராமர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Парашурама – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Парашурама" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B6%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81" title="పరశురాముడు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పరశురాముడు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1" title="ปรศุราม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปรศุราม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Парашурама – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Парашурама" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%88_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85" title="پرشو رام – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پرشو رام" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q825682#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Sixth avatar of Hindu god Vishnu</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Parasuram" and "Parashuram" redirect here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Parashurama_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Parashurama (disambiguation)">Parashurama (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;background-color: #FFC569;">Parashurama</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Member of <a href="/wiki/Dashavatara" title="Dashavatara">Dashavatara</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chiranjivi" title="Chiranjivi">Chiranjivi</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Parashurama_with_axe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Parashurama_with_axe.jpg/220px-Parashurama_with_axe.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Parashurama_with_axe.jpg/330px-Parashurama_with_axe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Parashurama_with_axe.jpg/440px-Parashurama_with_axe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="453" data-file-height="647" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Parashurama by <a href="/wiki/Raja_Ravi_Varma" title="Raja Ravi Varma">Raja Ravi Varma</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Bhargava Rama</li> <li>Jamadagnya Rama</li> <li>Ramabhadra</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a></th><td class="infobox-data">परशुराम</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> transliteration</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Paraśurāma</i></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Abode</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mahendra_Mountains" title="Mahendra Mountains">Mahendra Mountains</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Weapon</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Parashu" title="Parashu">Parashu</a> (<i><span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Parashu</i></span></i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Day</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thursday" title="Thursday">Thursday</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #FFC569;">Genealogy</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Akshaya_Tritiya" title="Akshaya Tritiya">Akshaya Tritiya</a><br /><div style="display:inline;" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Janapav" title="Janapav">Janapav</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jamadagni" title="Jamadagni">Jamadagni</a> (father)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Renuka" title="Renuka">Renuka</a> (mother)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Siblings</th><td class="infobox-data">Ṛumaṇvān, Suhotra, Vasu, and Viśvāvasu<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Dharani (<a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%"><a href="/wiki/Dashavatara" title="Dashavatara">Dashavatara</a> Sequence</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vamana" title="Vamana">Vamana</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Parashurama</b> (<a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit language">Sanskrit</a>: <span lang="sa">परशुराम</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Sanskrit" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Sanskrit">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">Paraśurāma</i></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'Rama with an axe'), also referred to as <b>Rama Jamadagnya</b>, <b>Rama Bhargava</b> and <b>Virarama</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-Leslie2014p66_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leslie2014p66-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the sixth avatar among the <a href="/wiki/Dashavatara" title="Dashavatara">Dashavatara</a> of the preserver god <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hindu tradition holds him to be the destroyer of the evil on Earth. According to legends, <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a> advised him to go and liberate the Mother Earth from felons, ill-behaved men, extremists, demons and those blind with pride. He is described as one amongst the <i><a href="/wiki/Chiranjivi" title="Chiranjivi">Chiranjivis</a></i> (Immortals), who will appear at the end of the <i><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></i> to be the guru of Vishnu's tenth and last incarnation, <a href="/wiki/Kalki" title="Kalki">Kalki</a>. </p><p>Born to <a href="/wiki/Jamadagni" title="Jamadagni">Jamadagni</a> and <a href="/wiki/Renuka" title="Renuka">Renuka</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Brahmin" title="Brahmin">Brahmin</a> Parashurama was foretold to appear at a time when overwhelming evil prevailed on the earth. The <a href="/wiki/Kshatriya" title="Kshatriya">Kshatriya</a> class, with weapons and power, had begun to abuse their power, take what belonged to others by force and tyrannise people. He corrected the cosmic equilibrium by destroying these Kshatriyas twenty-one times (leaving some lineages). He is married to Dharani, an incarnation of <a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a>, the wife of Vishnu.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the epic <i><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></i>, he arrives after <a href="/wiki/Sita_Swayamvara" title="Sita Swayamvara">Sita Swayamvara</a>, upon hearing the loud noise when <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a> uplifts and breaks the divine bow <a href="/wiki/Pinaka_(Hinduism)" title="Pinaka (Hinduism)">Pinaka</a>. He later deduces that <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a> is <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> himself, he himself asked <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a> to destroy the fruits of his austerities. </p><p>In the epic <i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i> he was the guru of <a href="/wiki/Bhisma" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhisma">Bhisma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Drona" title="Drona">Drona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rukmi" title="Rukmi">Rukmi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karna" title="Karna">Karna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-JonesRyan2006p324_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JonesRyan2006p324-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lochtefeld2002p500_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lochtefeld2002p500-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Parashurama is said to carry various traits including courage, aggression, and warfare along with serenity, patience and prudence. He was known to show his benevolence to Brahmins, children, women, old men and other weaker sections of the society. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legend">Legend</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Legend"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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<ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hinduism" title="History of Hinduism">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_of_the_Indus_Valley_Civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion of the Indus Valley Civilization">Indus Valley Civilisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedic_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedic Hinduism">Vedic Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravidian_folk_religion" title="Dravidian folk religion">Dravidian folk religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Arama%E1%B9%87a" title="Śramaṇa">Śramaṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribal_religions_in_India" title="Tribal religions in India">Tribal religions in India</a></li></ul> <p><b>Traditional</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Itihasa-Purana" title="Itihasa-Purana">Itihasa-Purana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic-Puranic_royal_genealogies" title="Epic-Puranic royal genealogies">Epic-Puranic royal genealogies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic-Puranic_chronology" title="Epic-Puranic chronology">Epic-Puranic chronology</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Sampradaya" title="Sampradaya">Sampradaya (Traditions)</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Major Sampradaya (Traditions)</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pancharatra" title="Pancharatra">Pancharatra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaivism" title="Shaivism">Shaivism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kapalika" title="Kapalika">Kapalika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashupata_Shaivism" title="Pashupata Shaivism">Pashupata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratyabhijna" title="Pratyabhijna">Pratyabhijña</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaktism" title="Shaktism">Shaktism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smarta_tradition" title="Smarta tradition">Smartism</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><i><a href="/wiki/Hindu_denominations" title="Hindu denominations">Other Sampradaya (Traditions)</a></i></div></dt></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_deities" title="Hindu deities">Deities</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Absolute Reality / Unifying Force</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Trimurti" title="Trimurti">Trimurti</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Tridevi" title="Tridevi">Tridevi</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saraswati" title="Saraswati">Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvati" title="Parvati">Parvati</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Other major <a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">Devas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Devis</a></div></dt></dl> <dl><dd><i>Vedic Deities:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tridasha" class="mw-redirect" title="Tridasha">Tridasha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adityas" title="Adityas">Adityas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudras" title="Rudras">Rudras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasus" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasus">Vasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashvins" title="Ashvins">Ashvins</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahadevi" title="Mahadevi">Mahadevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rigvedic_deities" title="Rigvedic deities">Other Vedic Deities</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Post-Vedic:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">Avatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dashavatara" title="Dashavatara">Dashavatara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durga" title="Durga">Durga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navadurga" title="Navadurga">Navadurga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavidya" title="Mahavidya">Mahavidya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartikeya" title="Kartikeya">Kartikeya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesha" title="Ganesha">Ganesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakti" title="Shakti">Shakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Devata" title="Devata">Devatas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vishvakarma" title="Vishvakarma">Vishvakarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubera" title="Kubera">Kubera</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_philosophy" title="Hindu philosophy">Concepts</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Worldview</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_cosmology" title="Hindu cosmology">Cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_mythology" title="Hindu mythology">Mythology</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Ontology</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tattva" title="Tattva">Tattvas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanmatras" title="Tanmatras">Subtle elements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchikarana" title="Panchikarana">Panchikarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancha_Bhuta" title="Pancha Bhuta">Gross elements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu%E1%B9%87a" title="Guṇa">Guṇas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purusha" title="Purusha">Purusha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prak%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Prakṛti">Prakṛti</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Para_Brahman" title="Para Brahman">Supreme reality</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nirguna_brahman" class="mw-redirect" title="Nirguna brahman">Nirguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saguna_brahman" title="Saguna brahman">Saguna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om" title="Om">Om</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saccid%C4%81nanda" title="Saccidānanda">Saccidānanda</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">God</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ishvara" title="Ishvara">Ishvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">Devas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devata" title="Devata">Devatas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Hinduism" title="God in Hinduism">God in Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_and_gender_in_Hinduism" title="God and gender in Hinduism">God and gender</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Puru%E1%B9%A3%C4%81rtha" title="Puruṣārtha">Puruṣārtha (Meaning of life)</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">Dharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artha" title="Artha">Artha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kama" title="Kama">Kama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Moksha</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/%C4%80%C5%9Brama_(stage)" title="Āśrama (stage)">Āśrama (Stages of life)</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacharya" title="Brahmacharya">Brahmacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%E1%B9%9Bhastha" title="Gṛhastha">Gṛhastha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C4%81naprastha" title="Vānaprastha">Vānaprastha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sannyasa" title="Sannyasa">Sannyasa</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Three_Yogas" title="Three Yogas">Three paths to liberation</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_yoga" title="Bhakti yoga">Bhakti yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jnana_yoga" title="Jnana yoga">Jnana yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_yoga" title="Karma yoga">Karma yoga</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Liberation</a></div></dt></dl> <dl><dd><i>Mokṣa-related topics:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paramatman" title="Paramatman">Paramātman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_(religion)" title="Maya (religion)">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%E1%B9%83s%C4%81ra" title="Saṃsāra">Saṃsāra</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Mind</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80tman_(Hinduism)" title="Ātman (Hinduism)">Ātman (self)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An%C4%81tman_(Hinduism)" title="Anātman (Hinduism)">Anātman (non-self)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_bodies_doctrine" title="Three bodies doctrine">Sūkṣma śarīra (subtle body)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antahkarana" title="Antahkarana">Antaḥkaraṇa (mental organs)</a><br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praj%C3%B1%C4%81_(Hinduism)" title="Prajñā (Hinduism)">Prajña (wisdom)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80nanda_(Hindu_philosophy)" title="Ānanda (Hindu philosophy)">Ānanda (happiness)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viveka" title="Viveka">Viveka (discernment)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vairagya" title="Vairagya">Vairagya (dispassion)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samatva" title="Samatva">Sama (equanimity)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperance_(virtue)#Hinduism" title="Temperance (virtue)">Dama (temperance)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uparati" title="Uparati">Uparati (self-settledness)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titiksha" title="Titiksha">Titiksha (forbearance)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith_in_Hinduism" title="Faith in Hinduism">Shraddha (faith)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam%C4%81dh%C4%81na" title="Samādhāna">Samadhana (concentration)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arishadvargas" title="Arishadvargas">Arishadvargas (six enemies)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahamkara" title="Ahamkara">Ahamkara (attachment)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Ethics</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_in_religion#Hindu_ethics" title="Ethics in religion">Niti śastra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamas" title="Yamas">Yamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niyama" title="Niyama">Niyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achourya" title="Achourya">Achourya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-possession" title="Non-possession">Aparigraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacharya" title="Brahmacharya">Brahmacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satya" title="Satya">Satya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperance_(virtue)#Hinduism" title="Temperance (virtue)">Damah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compassion#Hinduism" title="Compassion">Dayā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akrodha" title="Akrodha">Akrodha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arjava" title="Arjava">Arjava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santosha" title="Santosha">Santosha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapas_(Indian_religions)" title="Tapas (Indian religions)">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sv%C4%81dhy%C4%81ya" title="Svādhyāya">Svādhyāya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaucha" title="Shaucha">Shaucha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitahara" title="Mitahara">Mitahara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%81na" title="Dāna">Dāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9A%C4%81stra_pram%C4%81%E1%B9%87am_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Śāstra pramāṇam in Hinduism">Sources of dharma</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Pramana" title="Pramana">Epistemology</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pratyaksha" title="Pratyaksha">Pratyakṣa (perception)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramana#Anumāṇa" title="Pramana">Anumāṇa (inference)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upam%C4%81%E1%B9%87a" class="mw-redirect" title="Upamāṇa">Upamāṇa (comparison, analogy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramana#Arthāpatti" title="Pramana">Arthāpatti (postulation, presumption)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramana#Anupalabdi" title="Pramana">Anupalabdi (non-perception, negation)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabda" title="Shabda">Śabda (word, testimony)</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Worship_in_Hinduism" title="Worship in Hinduism">Worship</a>, sacrifice, and charity</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puja_(Hinduism)" title="Puja (Hinduism)">Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arti_(Hinduism)" title="Arti (Hinduism)">Ārtī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_in_Hinduism" title="Prayer in Hinduism">Prarthana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Arauta" title="Śrauta">Śrauta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple" title="Hindu temple">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murti" title="Murti">Murti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti" title="Bhakti">Bhakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japa" title="Japa">Japa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhajan" title="Bhajan">Bhajana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtan" title="Kirtan">Kīrtana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajna" title="Yajna">Yajna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homa_(ritual)" title="Homa (ritual)">Homa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarpana" title="Tarpana">Tarpana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrata" title="Vrata">Vrata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C4%81ya%C5%9Bcitta" title="Prāyaścitta">Prāyaścitta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirtha_(Hinduism)" title="Tirtha (Hinduism)">Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yatra" title="Yatra">Yatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites_in_India" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites in India">Tirthadana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matha" title="Matha">Matha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_classical_dance" title="Indian classical dance">Nritta-Nritya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%81na" title="Dāna">Dāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sev%C4%81" title="Sevā">Sevā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcism_in_Hinduism" title="Exorcism in Hinduism">Exorcism</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Meditation</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tapas_(Indian_religions)" title="Tapas (Indian religions)">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhyana_in_Hinduism" title="Dhyana in Hinduism">Dhyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam%C4%81dh%C4%81na" title="Samādhāna">Samādhāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nididhy%C4%81sana" title="Nididhyāsana">Nididhyāsana</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sadhu" title="Sadhu">Sadhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogi" title="Yogi">Yogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogini" title="Yogini">Yogini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asana" title="Asana">Asana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C4%81dhan%C4%81" title="Sādhanā">Sādhanā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatha_yoga" title="Hatha yoga">Hatha yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jnana_yoga" title="Jnana yoga">Jnana yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_yoga" title="Bhakti yoga">Bhakti yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_yoga" title="Karma yoga">Karma yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C4%81ja_yoga" title="Rāja yoga">Rāja yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundalini_yoga" title="Kundalini yoga">Kundalini yoga</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_art" title="Hindu art">Arts</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharatanatyam" title="Bharatanatyam">Bharatanatyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathak" title="Kathak">Kathak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathakali" title="Kathakali">Kathakali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuchipudi" title="Kuchipudi">Kuchipudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manipuri_dance" title="Manipuri dance">Manipuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohiniyattam" title="Mohiniyattam">Mohiniyattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odissi" title="Odissi">Odissi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sattriya" title="Sattriya">Sattriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Mela" title="Bhagavata Mela">Bhagavata Mela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakshagana" title="Yakshagana">Yakshagana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandiya_Raas" title="Dandiya Raas">Dandiya Raas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnatic_music" title="Carnatic music">Carnatic music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandav_Lila" title="Pandav Lila">Pandav Lila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalaripayattu" title="Kalaripayattu">Kalaripayattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silambam" title="Silambam">Silambam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adimurai" title="Adimurai">Adimurai</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Samskara_(rite_of_passage)" title="Samskara (rite of passage)">Rites of passage</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garbhadhana" title="Garbhadhana">Garbhadhana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumsavana" title="Pumsavana">Pumsavana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumsavana_Simantonayana" title="Pumsavana Simantonayana">Pumsavana Simantonayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simantonnayana" title="Simantonnayana">Simantonnayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatakarma" title="Jatakarma">Jatakarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81makara%E1%B9%87a" title="Nāmakaraṇa">Nāmakaraṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishkramana" title="Nishkramana">Nishkramana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annaprashana" title="Annaprashana">Annaprashana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chudakarana" title="Chudakarana">Chudakarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnavedha" title="Karnavedha">Karnavedha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidy%C4%81ra%E1%B9%83bha%E1%B9%83" title="Vidyāraṃbhaṃ">Vidyāraṃbhaṃ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanayana" title="Upanayana">Upanayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keshanta" title="Keshanta">Keshanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritu_Kala_Samskaram" title="Ritu Kala Samskaram">Ritushuddhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samavartanam" title="Samavartanam">Samavartanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_wedding" title="Hindu wedding">Vivaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antyesti" title="Antyesti">Antyesti</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_festivals" title="List of Hindu festivals">Festivals</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Diwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Shivaratri" title="Maha Shivaratri">Maha Shivaratri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navaratri" title="Navaratri">Navaratri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Durga_Puja" title="Durga Puja">Durga Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramlila" title="Ramlila">Ramlila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayadashami" title="Vijayadashami">Vijayadashami-Dussehra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raksha_Bandhan" title="Raksha Bandhan">Raksha Bandhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesh_Chaturthi" title="Ganesh Chaturthi">Ganesh Chaturthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasant_Panchami" title="Vasant Panchami">Vasant Panchami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama_Navami" title="Rama Navami">Rama Navami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmashtami" title="Krishna Janmashtami">Janmashtami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onam" title="Onam">Onam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makar_Sankranti" title="Makar Sankranti">Makar Sankranti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbh_Mela" title="Kumbh Mela">Kumbh Mela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pongal_(festival)" title="Pongal (festival)">Pongal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugadi" title="Ugadi">Ugadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaisakhi" title="Vaisakhi">Vaisakhi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bihu" title="Bihu">Bihu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthandu" title="Puthandu">Puthandu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishu" title="Vishu">Vishu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratha_Yatra_(Puri)" title="Ratha Yatra (Puri)">Ratha Yatra</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_philosophy" title="Hindu philosophy">Philosophical schools</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Astika" class="mw-redirect" title="Astika">Six Astika schools</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samkhya" title="Samkhya">Samkhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_(philosophy)" title="Yoga (philosophy)">Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyaya" title="Nyaya">Nyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaisheshika" title="Vaisheshika">Vaisheshika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%ABm%C4%81%E1%B9%83s%C4%81" title="Mīmāṃsā">Mīmāṃsā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanta" title="Vedanta">Vedanta</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta" title="Advaita Vedanta">Advaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dvaita_Vedanta" title="Dvaita Vedanta">Dvaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vishishtadvaita" title="Vishishtadvaita">Vishishtadvaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Achintya_Bheda_Abheda" title="Achintya Bheda Abheda">Achintya Bheda Abheda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shuddhadvaita" title="Shuddhadvaita">Shuddhadvaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Svabhavika_Bhedabheda" class="mw-redirect" title="Svabhavika Bhedabheda">Svabhavika Bhedabheda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Akshar_Purushottam_Darshan" title="Akshar Purushottam Darshan">Akshar Purushottam Darshan</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Other schools</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80j%C4%ABvika" title="Ājīvika">Ājīvika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charvaka" title="Charvaka">Charvaka</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_gurus_and_sants" title="List of Hindu gurus and sants">Gurus, Rishi, Philosophers</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient India">Ancient</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saptarshi" title="Saptarshi">Saptarshi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vashistha" class="mw-redirect" title="Vashistha">Vashistha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashyapa" title="Kashyapa">Kashyapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atri" title="Atri">Atri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamadagni" title="Jamadagni">Jamadagni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyaya_Sutras" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyaya Sutras">Gotama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishvamitra" title="Vishvamitra">Vishvamitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharadwaja" class="mw-redirect" title="Bharadwaja">Bharadwaja</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agastya" title="Agastya">Agastya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angiras" title="Angiras">Angiras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aruni" class="mw-redirect" title="Aruni">Aruni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashtavakra" title="Ashtavakra">Ashtavakra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaimini" title="Jaimini">Jaimini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanada_(philosopher)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanada (philosopher)">Kanada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapila" title="Kapila">Kapila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patanjali" title="Patanjali">Patanjali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C4%81%E1%B9%87ini" title="Pāṇini">Pāṇini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prashastapada" title="Prashastapada">Prashastapada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raikva" title="Raikva">Raikva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyakama_Jabala" class="mw-redirect" title="Satyakama Jabala">Satyakama Jabala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valmiki" title="Valmiki">Valmiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyasa" title="Vyasa">Vyasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajnavalkya" title="Yajnavalkya">Yajnavalkya</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Medieval_India" title="Medieval India">Medieval</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abhinavagupta" title="Abhinavagupta">Abhinavagupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adi_Shankara" title="Adi Shankara">Adi Shankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akka_Mahadevi" title="Akka Mahadevi">Akka Mahadevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allama_Prabhu" title="Allama Prabhu">Allama Prabhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvars" title="Alvars">Alvars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basava" title="Basava">Basava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Mahaprabhu" title="Chaitanya Mahaprabhu">Chaitanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramdas_Kathiababa" title="Ramdas Kathiababa">Ramdas Kathiababa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakradhar_Swami" title="Chakradhar Swami">Chakradhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changdev" class="mw-redirect" title="Changdev">Chāngadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadu_Dayal" title="Dadu Dayal">Dadu Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eknath" title="Eknath">Eknath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangesha_Upadhyaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Gangesha Upadhyaya">Gangesha Upadhyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudapada" title="Gaudapada">Gaudapada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorakshanath" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorakshanath">Gorakshanatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haridasa_Thakur" title="Haridasa Thakur">Haridasa Thakur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hith_Harivansh_Mahaprabhu" title="Hith Harivansh Mahaprabhu">Harivansh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannatha_Dasa_(Odia_poet)" title="Jagannatha Dasa (Odia poet)">Jagannatha Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayanta_Bhatta" title="Jayanta Bhatta">Jayanta Bhatta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayatirtha" title="Jayatirtha">Jayatīrtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiva_Goswami" title="Jiva Goswami">Jiva Goswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B1%C4%81ne%C5%9Bvar" class="mw-redirect" title="Jñāneśvar">Jñāneśvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir">Kabir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanaka_Dasa" title="Kanaka Dasa">Kanaka Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kum%C4%81rila_Bha%E1%B9%AD%E1%B9%ADa" title="Kumārila Bhaṭṭa">Kumārila Bhaṭṭa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhus%C5%ABdana_Sarasvat%C4%AB" title="Madhusūdana Sarasvatī">Madhusūdana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhvacharya" title="Madhvacharya">Madhva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsyendranath" class="mw-redirect" title="Matsyendranath">Matsyendranatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morya_Gosavi" title="Morya Gosavi">Morya Gosavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukundraj" title="Mukundraj">Mukundarāja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namdev" title="Namdev">Namadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narahari_Tirtha" title="Narahari Tirtha">Narahari Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narasimha_Saraswati" title="Narasimha Saraswati">Narasimha Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayanars" title="Nayanars">Nayanars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimbarkacharya" class="mw-redirect" title="Nimbarkacharya">Nimbarkacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srinivasacharya" title="Srinivasacharya">Srinivasacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prabh%C4%81kara" title="Prabhākara">Prabhākara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purandara_Dasa" title="Purandara Dasa">Purandara Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghavendra_Swami" class="mw-redirect" title="Raghavendra Swami">Raghavendra Swami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghunatha_Siromani" title="Raghunatha Siromani">Raghunatha Siromani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghuttama_Tirtha" title="Raghuttama Tirtha">Raghuttama Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Charan_(guru)" title="Ram Charan (guru)">Ram Charan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramananda" title="Ramananda">Ramananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanuja" title="Ramanuja">Ramanuja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramprasad_Sen" title="Ramprasad Sen">Ramprasad Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravidas" title="Ravidas">Ravidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupa_Goswami" title="Rupa Goswami">Rupa Goswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samarth_Ramdas" title="Samarth Ramdas">Samarth Ramdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankardev" title="Sankardev">Sankardev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyanatha_Tirtha" title="Satyanatha Tirtha">Satyanatha Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddheshwar" title="Siddheshwar">Siddheshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sripada_Srivallabha" class="mw-redirect" title="Sripada Srivallabha">Sripada Srivallabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sripadaraja" title="Sripadaraja">Sripadaraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surdas" title="Surdas">Surdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaminarayan" title="Swaminarayan">Swaminarayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syama_Sastri" title="Syama Sastri">Śyāma Śastri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tukaram" title="Tukaram">Tukaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsidas" title="Tulsidas">Tulsidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyagaraja" title="Tyagaraja">Tyagaraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C4%81caspati_Mi%C5%9Bra" class="mw-redirect" title="Vācaspati Miśra">Vācaspati Miśra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadiraja_Tirtha" title="Vadiraja Tirtha">Vadiraja Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallabha" title="Vallabha">Vallabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvalluvar" title="Thiruvalluvar">Valluvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanta_Desika" title="Vedanta Desika">Vedanta Desika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyaranya" title="Vidyaranya">Vidyaranya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyasaraja" class="mw-redirect" title="Vyasaraja">Vyasaraja</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Modern</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Aurobindo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktisiddhanta_Sarasvati" title="Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati">Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktivinoda_Thakur" title="Bhaktivinoda Thakur">Bhaktivinoda Thakur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrashekarendra_Saraswati" class="mw-redirect" title="Chandrashekarendra Saraswati">Chandrashekarendra Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinmayananda" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinmayananda">Chinmayananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayananda_Saraswati" title="Dayananda Saraswati">Dayananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaggi_Vasudev" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaggi Vasudev">Jaggi Vasudev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnananda_Saraswati" title="Krishnananda Saraswati">Krishnananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavatar_Babaji" title="Mahavatar Babaji">Mahavatar Babaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharishi_Mahesh_Yogi" title="Maharishi Mahesh Yogi">Mahesh Yogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narayana_Guru" title="Narayana Guru">Narayana Guru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigamananda_Paramahansa" title="Nigamananda Paramahansa">Nigamananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisargadatta_Maharaj" title="Nisargadatta Maharaj">Nisargadatta Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._C._Bhaktivedanta_Swami_Prabhupada" title="A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada">Prabhupada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarvepalli_Radhakrishnan" title="Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan">Radhakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramachandra_Dattatrya_Ranade" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramachandra Dattatrya Ranade">R. D. Ranade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramakrishna" title="Ramakrishna">Ramakrishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Rama_Tirtha" class="mw-redirect" title="Swami Rama Tirtha">Rama Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramana_Maharshi" title="Ramana Maharshi">Ramana Maharshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_Shankar_(spiritual_leader)" title="Ravi Shankar (spiritual leader)">Ravi Shankar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Ramdas" title="Swami Ramdas">Ramdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Samarth" title="Swami Samarth">Samarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sathya_Sai_Baba" title="Sathya Sai Baba">Sathya Sai Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sai_Baba_of_Shirdi" title="Sai Baba of Shirdi">Shirdi Sai Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Shraddhanand" title="Swami Shraddhanand">Shraddhanand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyadhyana_Tirtha" title="Satyadhyana Tirtha">Satyadhyana Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddharameshwar_Maharaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Siddharameshwar Maharaj">Siddharameshwar Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sivananda_Saraswati" title="Sivananda Saraswati">Sivananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trailanga" title="Trailanga">Trailanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U._G._Krishnamurti" title="U. G. Krishnamurti">U. G. Krishnamurti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upasni_Maharaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Upasni Maharaj">Upasni Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vethathiri_Maharishi" title="Vethathiri Maharishi">Vethathiri Maharishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Vivekananda" title="Swami Vivekananda">Vivekananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramahansa_Yogananda" title="Paramahansa Yogananda">Yogananda</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">Texts</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9A%C4%81stra_pram%C4%81%E1%B9%87am_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Śāstra pramāṇam in Hinduism">Sources and classification of scripture</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Aruti" title="Śruti">Śruti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Smṛti">Smṛti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80c%C4%81ra" title="Ācāra">Ācāra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atmatusti" title="Atmatusti">Ātmatuṣṭi</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">Scriptures</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Hindu_texts" title="Timeline of Hindu texts">Timeline of Hindu texts</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rigveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yajurveda" title="Yajurveda">Yajurveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samaveda" title="Samaveda">Samaveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Atharvaveda" title="Atharvaveda">Atharvaveda</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Divisions</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samhitapatha" class="mw-redirect" title="Samhitapatha">Samhita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmana" title="Brahmana">Brahmana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aranyaka" title="Aranyaka">Aranyaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></div></dt></dl> <dl><dd><i>Rigveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aitareya_Upanishad" title="Aitareya Upanishad">Aitareya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kaushitaki_Upanishad" title="Kaushitaki Upanishad">Kaushitaki</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Yajurveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Brihadaranyaka_Upanishad" title="Brihadaranyaka Upanishad">Brihadaranyaka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Isha_Upanishad" title="Isha Upanishad">Isha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taittiriya_Upanishad" title="Taittiriya Upanishad">Taittiriya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Katha_Upanishad" title="Katha Upanishad">Katha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shvetashvatara_Upanishad" title="Shvetashvatara Upanishad">Shvetashvatara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maitrayaniya_Upanishad" title="Maitrayaniya Upanishad">Maitri</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Samaveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chandogya_Upanishad" title="Chandogya Upanishad">Chandogya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kena_Upanishad" title="Kena Upanishad">Kena</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Atharvaveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mundaka_Upanishad" title="Mundaka Upanishad">Mundaka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mandukya_Upanishad" title="Mandukya Upanishad">Mandukya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prashna_Upanishad" title="Prashna Upanishad">Prashna</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Vedangas" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedangas">Vedangas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shiksha" title="Shiksha">Shiksha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedic_metre" title="Vedic metre">Chandas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vy%C4%81kara%E1%B9%87a" title="Vyākaraṇa">Vyākaraṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirukta" title="Nirukta">Nirukta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpa_(Vedanga)" title="Kalpa (Vedanga)">Kalpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyotisha" class="mw-redirect" title="Jyotisha">Jyotisha</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_scriptures" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Hindu scriptures">Other scriptures</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agama_(Hinduism)" title="Agama (Hinduism)"><i>Agama</i>s (Hinduism)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Itihasa-Purana" title="Itihasa-Purana">Itihasas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Puranas" title="Puranas">Puranas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Vishnu_Purana" title="Vishnu Purana">Vishnu Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Purana" title="Bhagavata Purana">Bhagavata Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Devi_Bhagavata_Purana" title="Devi Bhagavata Purana">Devi Bhagavata Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naradiya_Purana" title="Naradiya Purana">Naradiya Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vamana_Purana" title="Vamana Purana">Vāmana Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Matsya_Purana" title="Matsya Purana">Matsya Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Garuda_Purana" title="Garuda Purana">Garuda Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Purana" title="Brahma Purana">Brahma Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahmanda_Purana" title="Brahmanda Purana">Brahmanda Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Vaivarta_Purana" title="Brahma Vaivarta Purana">Brahma Vaivarta Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhavishya_Purana" title="Bhavishya Purana">Bhavishya Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Padma_Purana" title="Padma Purana">Padma Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Agni_Purana" title="Agni Purana">Agni Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Purana" title="Shiva Purana">Shiva Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Linga_Purana" title="Linga Purana">Linga Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kurma_Purana" title="Kurma Purana">Kūrma Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Skanda_Purana" title="Skanda Purana">Skanda Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Varaha_Purana" title="Varaha Purana">Varaha Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Markandeya_Purana" title="Markandeya Purana">Markandeya Purana</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Vedas#Upaveda" title="Vedas">Upavedas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ayurveda" title="Ayurveda">Ayurveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dhanurveda" title="Dhanurveda">Dhanurveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gandharvaveda" class="mw-redirect" title="Gandharvaveda">Gandharvaveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sthapatyaveda" class="mw-redirect" title="Sthapatyaveda">Sthapatyaveda</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Shastra" title="Shastra">Shastras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sutra" title="Sutra">sutras</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Samhita" title="Samhita">samhitas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dharma%C5%9B%C4%81stra" title="Dharmaśāstra">Dharma Shastra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arthashastra" title="Arthashastra">Artha Śastra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shilpa_Shastras" title="Shilpa Shastras">Shilpa Shastras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kama_Sutra" title="Kama Sutra">Kama Sutra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Sutras" title="Brahma Sutras">Brahma Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samkhya_Pravachana_Sutra" title="Samkhya Pravachana Sutra">Samkhya Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Purva_Mimamsa_Sutras" title="Purva Mimamsa Sutras">Mimamsa Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ny%C4%81ya_S%C5%ABtras" title="Nyāya Sūtras">Nyāya Sūtras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vai%C5%9Be%E1%B9%A3ika_S%C5%ABtra" title="Vaiśeṣika Sūtra">Vaiśeṣika Sūtra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Sutras_of_Patanjali" title="Yoga Sutras of Patanjali">Yoga Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pramana" title="Pramana">Pramana Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Charaka_Samhita" title="Charaka Samhita">Charaka Samhita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sushruta_Samhita" title="Sushruta Samhita">Sushruta Samhita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Natya_Shastra" title="Natya Shastra">Natya Shastra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panchatantra" title="Panchatantra">Panchatantra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naalayira_Divya_Prabandham" title="Naalayira Divya Prabandham">Naalayira Divya Prabandham</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tirumurai" title="Tirumurai">Tirumurai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramcharitmanas" title="Ramcharitmanas">Ramcharitmanas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Vasistha" title="Yoga Vasistha">Yoga Vasistha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Swarodaya" title="Shiva Swarodaya">Swara yoga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panchadasi" title="Panchadasi">Panchadasi</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Stotra" title="Stotra">Stotras</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_suktas_and_stutis" title="List of suktas and stutis">stutis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bhashya" title="Bhashya">Bhashya</a> </div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kanakadhara_Stotra" title="Kanakadhara Stotra">Kanakadhara Stotra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Stuti" title="Shiva Stuti">Shiva Stuti</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vayu_Stuti" title="Vayu Stuti">Vayu Stuti</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Tamil_literature" title="Tamil literature">Tamil literature</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tirumurai" title="Tirumurai">Tirumurai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naalayira_Divya_Prabandham" title="Naalayira Divya Prabandham">Naalayira Divya Prabandham</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tirumuruk%C4%81%E1%B9%9F%E1%B9%9Fuppa%E1%B9%ADai" title="Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai">Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tiruppukal" title="Tiruppukal">Tiruppukal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kural" title="Kural">Kural</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kamba_Ramayanam" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamba Ramayanam">Kamba Ramayanam/Ramavataram</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Five_Great_Epics" title="Five Great Epics">Five Great Epics</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eighteen_Greater_Texts" title="Eighteen Greater Texts">Eighteen Greater Texts</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eighteen_Lesser_Texts" title="Eighteen Lesser Texts">Eighteen Lesser Texts</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Athichudi" title="Athichudi">Athichudi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iraiyanar_Akapporul" title="Iraiyanar Akapporul">Iraiyanar Akapporul</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Abirami_Antati" title="Abirami Antati">Abirami Antati</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thiruvilaiyadal_Puranam" title="Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam">Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vinayagar_Agaval" title="Vinayagar Agaval">Vinayagar Agaval</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed; border-bottom:1px dotted"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_texts" title="List of Hindu texts">Other texts</a></div></dt></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Hindu Culture & Society</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Society</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Varna_(Hinduism)" title="Varna (Hinduism)">Varna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmin" title="Brahmin">Brahmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kshatriya" title="Kshatriya">Kshatriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayastha" title="Kayastha">Kayastha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishya" title="Vaishya">Vaishya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shudra" title="Shudra">Shudra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalit" title="Dalit">Dalit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%81ti" title="Jāti">Jāti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotra" title="Gotra">Gotra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvija" title="Dvija">Dvija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasa" title="Dasa">Dasa</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hindu Art</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_art" title="Hindu art">Hindu art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_iconography" title="Hindu iconography">Hindu iconography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shilpa_Shastras" title="Shilpa Shastras">Shilpa Shastras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasa_(aesthetics)" title="Rasa (aesthetics)">Rasa (aesthetics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_aesthetics" title="Indian aesthetics">Indian aesthetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yantra" title="Yantra">Yantra</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hindu Architecture</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_architecture" title="Hindu architecture">Hindu architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple_architecture" title="Hindu temple architecture">Hindu temple architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vastu_shastra" title="Vastu shastra">Vastu shastra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talamana" title="Talamana">Talamana</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hindu Music</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_music" title="Hindu music">Hindu music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shruti_(music)" title="Shruti (music)">Shruti (music)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svara" title="Svara">Svara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alank%C4%81ra" title="Alankāra">Alankāra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tala_(music)" title="Tala (music)">Tala (music)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raga" title="Raga">Raga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasa_(aesthetics)" title="Rasa (aesthetics)">Rasa (aesthetics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangita" title="Sangita">Sangita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadya" title="Vadya">Vadya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natya_Shastra" title="Natya Shastra">Natya Shastra</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Food & Diet Customs</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_in_Hinduism" title="Diet in Hinduism">Diet in Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sattvic_diet" title="Sattvic diet">Sattvic diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitahara" title="Mitahara">Mitahara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhatka" title="Jhatka">Jhatka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrata" title="Vrata">Vrata</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Time Keeping Practices</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_units_of_time" title="Hindu units of time">Hindu units of time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchangam" title="Panchangam">Panchangam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaka_era" title="Shaka era">Shaka era</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hindu Pilgrimage</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites">Pilgrimage sites</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Other society-related topics:</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Hindu_sentiment" title="Anti-Hindu sentiment">Discrimination</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Hindus" title="Persecution of Hindus">Persecution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_nationalism" title="Hindu nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindutva" title="Hindutva">Hindutva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_organisations" title="List of Hindu organisations">Organisations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_reform_movements" title="Hindu reform movements">Reform movements</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hinduism" title="Portal:Hinduism">Other topics</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_by_country" title="Hinduism by country">Hinduism by country</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_India" title="Greater India">Greater India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_Hinduism" title="Balinese Hinduism">Balinese Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Shaktism" title="Caribbean Shaktism">Caribbean Shaktism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Hindu_scriptures_and_texts" title="Template:Hindu scriptures and texts">Template:Hindu scriptures and texts</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hinduism & Other Religions</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Jainism" title="Hinduism and Jainism">Hinduism and Jainism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_Hinduism" title="Buddhism and Hinduism">and Buddhism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Sikhism" title="Hinduism and Sikhism">and Sikhism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Judaism" title="Hinduism and Judaism">and Judaism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism and Christianity">and Christianity</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93Islamic_relations" title="Hindu–Islamic relations">and Islam</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; 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In local tradition, it is believed they lived in a hut located at <a href="/wiki/Janapav" title="Janapav">Janapav</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had a celestial cow called <a href="/wiki/Surabhi" class="mw-redirect" title="Surabhi">Surabhi</a>, which gives them all that they desire (Surabhi is the daughter of cow <i><a href="/wiki/Kamadhenu" title="Kamadhenu">Kamadhenu</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-Lochtefeld2002p500_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lochtefeld2002p500-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A king named <a href="/wiki/Kartavirya_Arjuna" title="Kartavirya Arjuna">Kartavirya Arjuna</a> (not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Arjuna" title="Arjuna">Arjuna</a>, the Pandava)<sup id="cite_ref-Leslie2014p64_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leslie2014p64-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> learns about this cow of plenty and wants it. He asks Jamadagni to give it to him, but the sage refuses. While Parashurama is away from the hut, the king takes it by force.<sup id="cite_ref-Lochtefeld2002p500_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lochtefeld2002p500-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Jamadagni pleads his case and seeks for the return of the cow, the king strikes him with his fist, killing him. Parashurama learns about this crime, and is upset. With his axe in his hand, he challenges the king to battle. They fight, and Parashurama defeats and kills the king, according to the <i><a href="/wiki/Padma_Purana" title="Padma Purana">Padma Purana</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Leslie2014p66_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leslie2014p66-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The wicked-minded one lost his valour due to his own sin. The mighty son of Reṇukā, being angry, cut off his head, as mighty Indra did the peak of a big mountain, and he who was brave and angry, killed Sahasrabāhu and all the kings with his axe in the battle. Seeing Rāma, the very fearful one, all kings on the earth, struck by fear, ran away as elephants do on seeing a lion. The angry Rāma killed the kings even though they had fled due to the resentment against his father's murder, as the angry Garuḍa killed the serpents. The valorous Rāma made the entire [world] clear of the kṣatriyas, but protected [i.e. spared] only the very great family of Ikṣvāku, due to its being the family to which his maternal grandfather was related, and due to his mother's words.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Padma_Purana" title="Padma Purana">Padma Purana</a>, Chapter 241</cite></div></blockquote> <p>The warrior class challenges him, and he slays every single member of the class, save for those belonging to the lineages of <a href="/wiki/Manu_(Hinduism)" title="Manu (Hinduism)">Manu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ikshvaku" title="Ikshvaku">Ikshvaku</a>. The mighty son of Jamadagni, having rid the world of the Kshatriyas, then performs the <a href="/wiki/Ashvamedha" title="Ashvamedha">ashvamedha</a> sacrifice. He grants the earth with the seven islands to principal <a href="/wiki/Rishi" title="Rishi">rishis</a> belonging to the Brahmin class. Having renounced the earth and his violent deeds, he retires to the hermitage of <a href="/wiki/Nara-Narayana" title="Nara-Narayana">Nara-Narayana</a> to engage in penance. The legend likely has roots in the ancient conflict between the Brahmin <a href="/wiki/Varna_(Hinduism)" title="Varna (Hinduism)">varna</a>, with knowledge duties, and the Kshatriya varna, with warrior and enforcement roles.<sup id="cite_ref-JonesRyan2006p324_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JonesRyan2006p324-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lochtefeld2002p500_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lochtefeld2002p500-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-donaldson159_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-donaldson159-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Epic_Ramayana">Epic Ramayana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Epic Ramayana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <i>Ramayana</i>, following Rama's wedding to <a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a> at <a href="/wiki/Mithila_(region)" title="Mithila (region)">Mithila</a> and during their homeward journey to <a href="/wiki/Ayodhya_(Ramayana)" title="Ayodhya (Ramayana)">Ayodhya</a>, his party comes across a number of inauspicious signs. Amid an earthquake and a dust storm, Parashurama appears before the party. After accepting the libation offered to him, Parashurama challenges Rama to combat, on the condition that the prince show his strength to the sage by placing a bow within the string of the latter's bow, <a href="/wiki/Sharanga" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharanga">Sharanga</a>, and discharging it. Ignoring <a href="/wiki/Dasharatha" title="Dasharatha">Dasharatha's</a> plea to spare Rama this task, Parashurama relays the divine origin of the bow and the history of its ownership, appealing to Rama's skills as a warrior. Rama seizes the bow from Parashurama and strings it, an act that causes the latter to become bereft of his divine power. Humbled, Parashurama acknowledges that Rama is an incarnation of Vishnu and requests the prince to allow him to return to the mountain Mahendra so that he could practice yoga and accrue <a href="/wiki/Punya_(Hinduism)" title="Punya (Hinduism)">merit</a>. After circumambulating Rama in worship, Parashurama returns to his hermitage.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ramabhadracharya_Works_-_Painting_in_Sribhargavaraghaviyam_(2002).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Ramabhadracharya_Works_-_Painting_in_Sribhargavaraghaviyam_%282002%29.jpg/220px-Ramabhadracharya_Works_-_Painting_in_Sribhargavaraghaviyam_%282002%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Ramabhadracharya_Works_-_Painting_in_Sribhargavaraghaviyam_%282002%29.jpg/330px-Ramabhadracharya_Works_-_Painting_in_Sribhargavaraghaviyam_%282002%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Ramabhadracharya_Works_-_Painting_in_Sribhargavaraghaviyam_%282002%29.jpg/440px-Ramabhadracharya_Works_-_Painting_in_Sribhargavaraghaviyam_%282002%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1258" data-file-height="706" /></a><figcaption>Painting in Sri Bhargavaraghaviyam</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Epic_Mahabharata">Epic Mahabharata</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Epic Mahabharata"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bhishma">Bhishma</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Bhishma"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <i>Mahabharata</i>, Parashurama intercedes on the princess <a href="/wiki/Amba_(Mahabharata)" title="Amba (Mahabharata)">Amba</a>'s behalf, promising to command his disciple <a href="/wiki/Bhishma" title="Bhishma">Bhishma</a> to do his duty and marry her after her abduction.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Parashurama arrives with his retinue at <a href="/wiki/Kurukshetra" title="Kurukshetra">Kurukshetra</a>, he sends a message to Bhishma to inform him of his arrival. Bhishma comes to see his <a href="/wiki/Guru" title="Guru">guru</a>, offering him the traditional respects. Parashurama commands Bhishma to accept Amba as his wife. Bhishma refuses, restating that he had taken a vow of celibacy. An infuriated Parashurama threatens Bhishma with death. Bhishma tries to calm the sage, but in vain, and he finally agrees to battle his guru to safeguard his <a href="/wiki/Kshatriya" title="Kshatriya">Kshatriya</a> duty. <a href="/wiki/Ganga_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Ganga in Hinduism">Ganga</a> tries stopping the battle by beseeching her son as well as the great sage, but fails.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The great battle lasts for 23 days, without any result. On the 24th day, when <a href="/wiki/Bhishma" title="Bhishma">Bhishma</a> chooses to use a deadly weapon, at the behest of the divine sage <a href="/wiki/Narada" title="Narada">Narada</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">devas</a>, Parashurama ends the conflict and the battle is declared a draw.<sup id="cite_ref-Mani_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mani-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parashurama narrates the events to Amba and urges her to seek Bhishma's protection. However, Amba refuses to listen to Parashurama's advice and angrily declares that she would achieve her objective by asceticism.<sup id="cite_ref-CLXXXIX_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CLXXXIX-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Karna">Karna</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Karna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parshuram_Kshetra">Parshuram Kshetra</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Parshuram Kshetra"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Parshuramsaraswats.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Parshuramsaraswats.jpg/220px-Parshuramsaraswats.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Parshuramsaraswats.jpg/330px-Parshuramsaraswats.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Parshuramsaraswats.jpg/440px-Parshuramsaraswats.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1245" data-file-height="942" /></a><figcaption>Parashurama, surrounded by settlers, commanding <a href="/wiki/Varuna" title="Varuna">Varuna</a>, god of the waters to recede to make land known as '<i>Parashurama Kshetra</i>' from Gokarna to Kanyakumari for the Brahmins</figcaption></figure> <p>There are legends dealing with the origins of the western coast geographically and culturally. One such legend is the retrieval of the west coast from the sea, by Parashurama. It proclaims that Parashurama, an <a href="/wiki/Dashavatara" title="Dashavatara">incarnation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Mahavishnu" title="Mahavishnu">Mahavishnu</a>, threw his battle axe into the sea. As a result, the land of the western coast arose, and thus was reclaimed from the waters. The place from which he threw his axe (or shot an arrow) is on Salher fort (the second highest peak and the highest fort in Maharashtra) in the Baglan taluka of Nashik district of Maharashtra. There is a temple on the summit of this fort dedicated to Parshuram and there are footprints in the rock four times the size of normal humans. This fort on a lower plateau has a temple of goddess Renuka, Parshuram's mother and also a Yagya Kunda with pits for poles to erect a shamiyana on the banks of a big water tank.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>According to the Sangam classic <i><a href="/wiki/Purananuru" title="Purananuru">Purananuru</a></i>, the <a href="/wiki/Chera_dynasty" title="Chera dynasty">Chera</a> king <a href="/wiki/Senguttuvan" class="mw-redirect" title="Senguttuvan">Senkuttuvan</a> conquered the lands between <a href="/wiki/Kanyakumari" title="Kanyakumari">Kanyakumari</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lacking worthy enemies, he besieged the sea by throwing his spear into it.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the 17th-century <a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a> work <i><a href="/wiki/Keralolpathi" title="Keralolpathi">Keralolpathi</a></i>, the lands of <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> were recovered from the sea by the axe-wielding warrior sage Parashurama, the sixth incarnation of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> (hence, Kerala is also called <i>Parashurama Kshetram</i> 'The Land of Parashurama'<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Parashurama threw his axe across the sea, and the water receded as far as it reached. According to legend, this new area of land extended from <a href="/wiki/Gokarna,_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Gokarna, India">Gokarna</a> to Kanyakumari.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The land which rose from sea was filled with salt and unsuitable for habitation; so Parashurama invoked the snake king <a href="/wiki/Vasuki_(snake)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasuki (snake)">Vasuki</a>, who spat holy poison and converted the soil into fertile lush green land. Out of respect, Vasuki and all snakes were appointed as protectors and guardians of the land. <a href="/wiki/P._T._Srinivasa_Iyengar" title="P. T. Srinivasa Iyengar">P. T. Srinivasa Iyengar</a> has theorised that <a href="/wiki/Senguttuvan" class="mw-redirect" title="Senguttuvan">Senguttuvan</a> may have been inspired by the Parashurama legend, which was brought by early Aryan settlers.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In present-day Goa (or Gomantak), which is a part of the Konkan, there is a temple in Canacona in South Goa district dedicated to Parashurama.<sup id="cite_ref-skanda_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-skanda-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Shastras">Shastras</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Shastras"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Parashurama is generally presented as the fifth son of <a href="/wiki/Renuka" title="Renuka">Renuka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rishi" title="Rishi">Rishi</a> <a href="/wiki/Jamadagni" title="Jamadagni">Jamadagni</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-donaldson159_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-donaldson159-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The legends of Parashurama appear in many Hindu texts, in different versions:<sup id="cite_ref-Dimmitt2012p82_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dimmitt2012p82-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Devi_Bhagvata_Purana">Devi Bhagvata Purana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Devi Bhagvata Purana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Chapter 6 of the <i><a href="/wiki/Devi_Bhagavata_Purana" title="Devi Bhagavata Purana">Devi Bhagavata Purana</a></i>, he is born from the thigh with intense light surrounding him that blinds all warriors, who then repent their evil ways and promise to lead a moral life if their eyesight is restored. The boy grants them the boon.<sup id="cite_ref-donaldson159_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-donaldson159-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parashurama retired in the <a href="/wiki/Mahendra_Mountains" title="Mahendra Mountains">Mahendra Mountains</a>, according to chapter 2.3.47 of the <i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Purana" title="Bhagavata Purana">Bhagavata Purana</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vishnu_Purana">Vishnu Purana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Vishnu Purana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Chapter 4 of the <i><a href="/wiki/Vishnu_Purana" title="Vishnu Purana">Vishnu Purana</a></i>, Rcika prepares a meal for two women, one simple, and another with ingredients that if eaten would cause the woman to conceive a son with martial powers. The latter is accidentally eaten by Renuka, and she then gives birth to Parashurama.<sup id="cite_ref-donaldson159_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-donaldson159-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vayu_Purana">Vayu Purana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Vayu Purana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Chapter 2 of the <i><a href="/wiki/Vayu_Purana" title="Vayu Purana">Vayu Purana</a></i>, he is born after his mother Renuka eats a sacrificial offering made to both <a href="/wiki/Rudra" title="Rudra">Rudra</a> (Shiva) and <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>, which gives him dual characteristics of Kshatriya and Brahmin.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Mahabharata"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Parashurama is described in some versions of the <i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i> as the angry Brahmin who with his axe, killed a huge number of Kshatriya warriors because they were abusing their power.<sup id="cite_ref-Conquest_of_Parasurama_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Conquest_of_Parasurama-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some versions, he even kills his own mother because his father asks him to in order to test his obeisance.<sup id="cite_ref-Leslie2014p64_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leslie2014p64-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-daniel30_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-daniel30-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Parashurama obeys his father's order to kill his mother, his father grants him a boon. Parashurama asks for the reward that his mother be brought back to life, and she is restored to life.<sup id="cite_ref-daniel30_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-daniel30-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parashurama remains filled with sorrow after the violence, repents and expiates his sin.<sup id="cite_ref-Leslie2014p64_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leslie2014p64-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After his Mother comes back to life, he tries to clean the blood-stained axe but he finds a drop of blood which he was unable to clean and tries cleaning the blood drop in different rivers. This is when he moves towards the south of India in search of any <a href="/wiki/Holy_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy river">holy river</a> where he could clean his axe, finally, he reaches <a href="/wiki/Thirthahalli" title="Thirthahalli">Tirthahalli</a> village in <a href="/wiki/Shimoga_district" title="Shimoga district">Shimoga</a>, Karnataka and tries to clean the axe and to his surprise, the axe gets cleaned in the holy river of <a href="/wiki/Tungabhadra_Dam" title="Tungabhadra Dam">Tunga</a>. With respect towards the holy river, he constructs a Shiva linga and performs pooja and the temple is named as Rameshwara temple. The place where Parashurama cleaned his axe is called Ramakunda. </p><p>He plays important roles in the <i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i> serving as mentor to <a href="/wiki/Bhishma" title="Bhishma">Bhishma</a> (chapter 5.178), <a href="/wiki/Drona" title="Drona">Drona</a> (chapter 1.121) and <a href="/wiki/Karna" title="Karna">Karna</a> (chapter 3.286), teaching weapon arts and helping key warriors in both sides of the war.<sup id="cite_ref-Karna_the_conqueror_of_the_entire_world_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Karna_the_conqueror_of_the_entire_world-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the regional literature of <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a>, he is the founder of the land, the one who brought it out of the sea and settled a Hindu community there.<sup id="cite_ref-JonesRyan2006p324_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JonesRyan2006p324-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is also known as Rama Jamadagnya and Rama Bhargava in some Hindu texts.<sup id="cite_ref-Leslie2014p66_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leslie2014p66-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is the only incarnation of Vishnu who never dies, never returns to abstract Vishnu and lives in meditative retirement.<sup id="cite_ref-Leslie2014p64_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leslie2014p64-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further, he is the only incarnation of Vishnu that co-exists with other Vishnu incarnations Rama and Krishna in some versions of the <i>Ramayana</i> and <i>Mahabharata</i>, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-Leslie2014p64_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leslie2014p64-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Samanta_Panchaka">Samanta Panchaka</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Samanta Panchaka"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Adi_Parva#Structure_&_Chapters" title="Adi Parva">Sangraha Parva</a>, after killing 21 generations of Kshatriyas, he filled their blood in five pools collectively known as the <i>Samantha Panchaka</i> (Sanskrit: <span title="Sanskrit-language text"><span lang="sa">समंत पञ्चक</span></span>). He later atoned for his sin by severe penance. The five pools are considered to be holy. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Adi_Parva#Structure_&_Chapters" title="Adi Parva">Anukramanika Parva</a> says that the Samantha Panchaka is located somewhere around Kurukshetra. It also mentions that the Pandavas performed a few religious rites near the Samantha Panchaka before the <a href="/wiki/Kurukshetra_War" title="Kurukshetra War">Kurukshetra War</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parashurama_Kshetra">Parashurama Kshetra</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Parashurama Kshetra"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is much interpretation of 'Parashurama Kshetra' (Land of Parashurama) mentioned in the <a href="/wiki/Puranas" title="Puranas">Puranas</a>. </p><p>The region on the western coast of India from <a href="/wiki/Gokarna,_Karnataka" title="Gokarna, Karnataka">Gokarna</a> to <a href="/wiki/Kanyakumari" title="Kanyakumari">Kanyakumari</a> was known as Parashurama Kshetra.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The region of <a href="/wiki/Konkan" title="Konkan">Konkan</a> was also considered as Parashurama Kshetra.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The ancient <a href="/wiki/Coastal_South_West_India" title="Coastal South West India">Saptakonkana</a> is a slightly larger region described in the Sahyadrikhanda which refers to it as Parashuramakshetra (Sanskrit for "The Land Of Parashurama"), <a href="/wiki/Vapi" title="Vapi">Vapi</a> to <a href="/wiki/Tapi_district" title="Tapi district">Tapi</a> is an area of South <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a>, India. This area is called "Parshuram Ni Bhoomi".<sup id="cite_ref-encyc_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encyc-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Iconography">Iconography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Iconography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2_iconographic_representations_of_Parasurama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/2_iconographic_representations_of_Parasurama.jpg/220px-2_iconographic_representations_of_Parasurama.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/2_iconographic_representations_of_Parasurama.jpg/330px-2_iconographic_representations_of_Parasurama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/2_iconographic_representations_of_Parasurama.jpg/440px-2_iconographic_representations_of_Parasurama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3742" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Parashurama with his axe (two representations)</figcaption></figure> <p>The Hindu literature on iconography such as the <i>Vishnudharmottara Purana</i> and <i>Rupamandana</i> describes him as a man with matted locks, with two hands, one carrying an axe. However, the <i><a href="/wiki/Agni_Purana" title="Agni Purana">Agni Purana</a></i> portrays his iconography with four hands, carrying his axe, bow, arrow and sword. The <i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Purana" title="Bhagavata Purana">Bhagavata Purana</a></i> describes his icon as one with four hands, carrying his axe, bow, arrows and a shield like a warrior.<sup id="cite_ref-donaldson178_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-donaldson178-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though a warrior, his representation inside Hindu temples with him in war scenes is rare (the Basohli temple is one such exception). Typically, he is shown with two hands, with an axe in his right hand either seated or standing.<sup id="cite_ref-donaldson178_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-donaldson178-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_Temples">List of Temples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: List of Temples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Parashurama" title="Special:EditPage/Parashurama">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Deity </th> <th>Location </th> <th>State </th> <th>Image </th> <th>Speciality </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Anantheshwara_Temple,_Udupi" title="Anantheshwara Temple, Udupi">Anantheshwara Temple</a> </th> <td>Parashurama</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Udupi" title="Udupi">Udupi</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a></td> <td></td> <td>Parashurama is worshipped in the form of a <a href="/wiki/Lingam" title="Lingam">lingam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Parashurama Temple </td> <td>Parashuram</td> <td>Thiruvallam, <a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram" title="Thiruvananthapuram">Thiruvananthapuram</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Athyarala Temple </td> <td>Parashurama</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rajampet" title="Rajampet">Rajempet</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/108_Shiva_Temples" title="108 Shiva Temples">108 Shiva Temples</a> </td> <td>Shiva</td> <td>108 Locations</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a></td> <td></td> <td>Believed to be consecrated by Parashurama </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Parshuram_Kund" title="Parshuram Kund">Parshuram Kund</a> </td> <td>Parshurama</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lohit_district" title="Lohit district">Lohit District</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arunachal_Pradesh" title="Arunachal Pradesh">Arunachal Pradesh</a></td> <td></td> <td>Pilgrims visit in winter every year, especially on the <a href="/wiki/Makar_Sankranti" title="Makar Sankranti">Makar Sankranti</a> day for a holy dip which is believed to wash away one's sins.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mahurgad </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Renuka" title="Renuka">Renuka</a>, Parashurama</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nanded_district" title="Nanded district">Nanded District</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shakti_Pitha" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakti Pitha">Shakti Pitha</a> shrine </td></tr> <tr> <td>Parashurama Temple </td> <td>Parashurama</td> <td>Chiplun, <a href="/wiki/Ratnagiri_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Ratnagiri District">Ratnagiri District</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Parshuram Mandir </td> <td>Parashurama</td> <td>Mokama</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a></td> <td></td> <td>Kalash Yatra </td></tr> <tr> <td>Parashurama Temple </td> <td>Parashurama</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kollur,_Udupi_district" title="Kollur, Udupi district">Kollur</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th> </th> <td>Parashurama Temple </td> <td>Parashurama</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Koteshwara" title="Koteshwara">Koteshwara</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Parashurama Temple </td> <td>Parashurama</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kukke_Subrahmanya" class="mw-redirect" title="Kukke Subrahmanya">Kukke Subrahmanya</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Parashurama Temple </td> <td>Parashurama</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Udupi" title="Udupi">Udupi</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Parashurama Temple </td> <td>Parashurama</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gokarna,_Karnataka" title="Gokarna, Karnataka">Gokarna</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Parashurama Temple </td> <td>Parashurama</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anegudde" class="mw-redirect" title="Anegudde">Anegudde</a> (Kumbhasi)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Parashurama Temple </td> <td>Parashurama</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shankaranarayana" title="Shankaranarayana">Shankaranarayana</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a></td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Parasurama_temple_in_Thiruvananthapuram_(Trivandrum)_Kerala_India.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A Parashurama temple in Kerala"><img alt="A Parashurama temple in Kerala" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/A_Parasurama_temple_in_Thiruvananthapuram_%28Trivandrum%29_Kerala_India.jpg/360px-A_Parasurama_temple_in_Thiruvananthapuram_%28Trivandrum%29_Kerala_India.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/A_Parasurama_temple_in_Thiruvananthapuram_%28Trivandrum%29_Kerala_India.jpg/540px-A_Parasurama_temple_in_Thiruvananthapuram_%28Trivandrum%29_Kerala_India.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/A_Parasurama_temple_in_Thiruvananthapuram_%28Trivandrum%29_Kerala_India.jpg/720px-A_Parasurama_temple_in_Thiruvananthapuram_%28Trivandrum%29_Kerala_India.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2419" data-file-height="1814" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A Parashurama temple in <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Peechi_Dam_Garden_Statue_of_Parasurama.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Parashurama in a garden"><img alt="Parashurama in a garden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Peechi_Dam_Garden_Statue_of_Parasurama.JPG/360px-Peechi_Dam_Garden_Statue_of_Parasurama.JPG" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Peechi_Dam_Garden_Statue_of_Parasurama.JPG/540px-Peechi_Dam_Garden_Statue_of_Parasurama.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Peechi_Dam_Garden_Statue_of_Parasurama.JPG/720px-Peechi_Dam_Garden_Statue_of_Parasurama.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Parashurama in a garden</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 321.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 319.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Parashurama-statue-at-mango-meadows-agricultural-theme-park-kaduthuruthy.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Statue @ Mango Meadows, Kaduthuruthy"><img alt="Statue @ Mango Meadows, Kaduthuruthy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Parashurama-statue-at-mango-meadows-agricultural-theme-park-kaduthuruthy.jpg/479px-Parashurama-statue-at-mango-meadows-agricultural-theme-park-kaduthuruthy.jpg" decoding="async" width="320" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Parashurama-statue-at-mango-meadows-agricultural-theme-park-kaduthuruthy.jpg/718px-Parashurama-statue-at-mango-meadows-agricultural-theme-park-kaduthuruthy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Parashurama-statue-at-mango-meadows-agricultural-theme-park-kaduthuruthy.jpg/957px-Parashurama-statue-at-mango-meadows-agricultural-theme-park-kaduthuruthy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="578" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Statue @ Mango Meadows, Kaduthuruthy</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 402px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 400px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Parashurama_Theme_Park_05.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Statute @ Bailur, Udupi"><img alt="Statute @ Bailur, Udupi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Parashurama_Theme_Park_05.jpg/600px-Parashurama_Theme_Park_05.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Parashurama_Theme_Park_05.jpg/900px-Parashurama_Theme_Park_05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Parashurama_Theme_Park_05.jpg/1200px-Parashurama_Theme_Park_05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="1800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Statute @ Bailur, <a href="/wiki/Udupi" title="Udupi">Udupi</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Parashu_Rama_challenged_Rama_who_was_on_his_way_back_to_Ayodhya,_Dasaratha_begged_him_to_leave_the_teenage_boy.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rama and Parashurama with Dasharatha"><img alt="Rama and Parashurama with Dasharatha" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Parashu_Rama_challenged_Rama_who_was_on_his_way_back_to_Ayodhya%2C_Dasaratha_begged_him_to_leave_the_teenage_boy.jpg/270px-Parashu_Rama_challenged_Rama_who_was_on_his_way_back_to_Ayodhya%2C_Dasaratha_begged_him_to_leave_the_teenage_boy.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Parashu_Rama_challenged_Rama_who_was_on_his_way_back_to_Ayodhya%2C_Dasaratha_begged_him_to_leave_the_teenage_boy.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Rama and Parashurama with Dasharatha</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Parashurama avatar symbolizes the strict and non-relinquishing aspect of showing <i>daya</i> (mercy), where he has to be harsh for the well being of the <i>srushti</i> (world). <sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On top of the hills of Janapav is a <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a> temple where Parashurama is believed to have worshipped <a href="/wiki/Lord_Shiva" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Shiva">Shiva</a>, the ashram is known as Jamadagni Ashram, named after his father. The place also has a Kund (Pond) that is being developed by the state government.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Kannada" title="Kannada">Kannada</a> folklore, especially in devotional songs sung by the <a href="/wiki/Devdasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Devdasi">Devdasis</a> he is often referred to as a son of <a href="/wiki/Yellamma" class="mw-redirect" title="Yellamma">Yellamma</a>. Parashurama legends are notable for their discussion of violence, the cycles of retaliations, the impulse of <i><a href="/wiki/Krodha_(Mental_factor)" title="Krodha (Mental factor)">krodha</a></i> (anger), the inappropriateness of <i>krodha</i>, and repentance.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bollywood">Bollywood</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Bollywood"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gol_Maal" title="Gol Maal">Gol Maal</a> (1979)</li></ul> <p>Based loosely on Parashuram-Karna. Where Bhavani hires Ramprasad, who lies about his critical aspects for acquiring the job. Once hired he performs well beyond expectations. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bol_Bachchan" title="Bol Bachchan">Bol Bachchan</a> (2012)</li></ul> <p>Remake of 1979 movie <a href="/wiki/Gol_Maal" title="Gol Maal">Gol Maal</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhagwan_Parshuram" title="Bhagwan Parshuram">Bhagwan Parshuram</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiranjivi" title="Chiranjivi">Chiranjivi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heheya_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Heheya Kingdom">Heheya Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalachuris_of_Mahishmati" title="Kalachuris of Mahishmati">Kalachuri Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasuram_Express" title="Parasuram Express">Parasuram Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9A%C4%81nkarasm%E1%B9%9Bti_(Laghudharmaprakr%C4%81%C5%9Bik%C4%81)" title="Śānkarasmṛti (Laghudharmaprakrāśikā)">Śānkarasmṛti (Laghudharmaprakrāśikā)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijaya_(bow)" title="Vijaya (bow)">Vijaya (bow)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <i>Mahabharata</i> includes legends about both Arjuna, one is dharmic (moral) and other adharmic (immoral); in some versions, Arjuna Kartavirya has mixed moral-immoral characteristics consistent with the Hindu belief that there is varying degrees of good and evil in every person.<sup id="cite_ref-Leslie2014p64_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leslie2014p64-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Sanskrit epic uses multiple names for Parashurama in its verses: Parashurama, Jamadagnya, Rama (his name shortened, but not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a> of Ramayana), etc.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">These texts also state that Parasurama lost the essence of Vishnu while he was alive, and Vishnu then appeared as a complete avatar in Rama; later, in Krishna.<sup id="cite_ref-Leslie2014p64_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leslie2014p64-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDebroy2022" class="citation book cs1">Debroy, Bibek (30 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=x2J2EAAAQBAJ&dq=Dharani+wife+Parashurama&pg=PT433"><i>Vishnu Purana - Bibek Debroy - Google Books</i></a>. Penguin Random House India Private Limited. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789354926617" title="Special:BookSources/9789354926617"><bdi>9789354926617</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vishnu+Purana+-+Bibek+Debroy+-+Google+Books&rft.pub=Penguin+Random+House+India+Private+Limited&rft.date=2022-06-30&rft.isbn=9789354926617&rft.aulast=Debroy&rft.aufirst=Bibek&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dx2J2EAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DDharani%2Bwife%2BParashurama%26pg%3DPT433&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/compilation/puranic-encyclopaedia/d/doc241636.html">"Story of Jamadagni"</a>. 28 January 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Story+of+Jamadagni&rft.date=2019-01-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wisdomlib.org%2Fhinduism%2Fcompilation%2Fpuranic-encyclopaedia%2Fd%2Fdoc241636.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Leslie2014p66-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Leslie2014p66_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leslie2014p66_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leslie2014p66_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJulia_Leslie2014" class="citation book cs1">Julia Leslie (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Z7LKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA63"><i>Myth and Mythmaking: Continuous Evolution in Indian Tradition</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. pp. 63–66 with footnotes. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-136-77888-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-136-77888-9"><bdi>978-1-136-77888-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Myth+and+Mythmaking%3A+Continuous+Evolution+in+Indian+Tradition&rft.pages=63-66+with+footnotes&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-136-77888-9&rft.au=Julia+Leslie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZ7LKAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA63&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChakraborty2023" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Chakraborty, Yogabrata (28 June 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://epaper.thestatesman.com/m5/3725372/Dainik-Statesman/28TH-JUNE-2023">"পুরীধাম ও জগন্নাথদেবের ব্রহ্মরূপ বৃত্তান্ত"</a> [Puridham and the tale of lord Jagannath's legendary 'Bramharup']. <i>dainikstatesmannews.com</i> (in Bengali). Kolkata: <a href="/wiki/Dainik_Statesman" title="Dainik Statesman">Dainik Statesman</a> (The Statesman Group). p. 4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230628053933/https://epaper.thestatesman.com/m5/3725372/Dainik-Statesman/28TH-JUNE-2023#page/1/1">Archived</a> from the original on 28 June 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dainikstatesmannews.com&rft.atitle=%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE+%E0%A6%93+%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%AA+%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4&rft.pages=4&rft.date=2023-06-28&rft.aulast=Chakraborty&rft.aufirst=Yogabrata&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fepaper.thestatesman.com%2Fm5%2F3725372%2FDainik-Statesman%2F28TH-JUNE-2023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoulterTurner2013" class="citation book cs1">Coulter, Charles Russell; Turner, Patricia (4 July 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sEIngqiKOugC&q=Dharani&pg=PA285"><i>Encyclopedia of Ancient Deities</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-96390-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-96390-3"><bdi>978-1-135-96390-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Ancient+Deities&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013-07-04&rft.isbn=978-1-135-96390-3&rft.aulast=Coulter&rft.aufirst=Charles+Russell&rft.au=Turner%2C+Patricia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsEIngqiKOugC%26q%3DDharani%26pg%3DPA285&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JonesRyan2006p324-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JonesRyan2006p324_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JonesRyan2006p324_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JonesRyan2006p324_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConstance_JonesJames_D._Ryan2006" class="citation book cs1">Constance Jones; James D. Ryan (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OgMmceadQ3gC"><i>Encyclopedia of Hinduism</i></a>. Infobase Publishing. p. 324. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-7564-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-7564-5"><bdi>978-0-8160-7564-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Hinduism&rft.pages=324&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-7564-5&rft.au=Constance+Jones&rft.au=James+D.+Ryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOgMmceadQ3gC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lochtefeld2002p500-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lochtefeld2002p500_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lochtefeld2002p500_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lochtefeld2002p500_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lochtefeld2002p500_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_G._Lochtefeld2002" class="citation book cs1">James G. Lochtefeld (2002). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000loch"><i>The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N–Z</i></a></span>. The Rosen Publishing Group. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000loch/page/500">500</a>–501. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8239-3180-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8239-3180-4"><bdi>978-0-8239-3180-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Illustrated+Encyclopedia+of+Hinduism%3A+N%E2%80%93Z&rft.pages=500-501&rft.pub=The+Rosen+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-8239-3180-4&rft.au=James+G.+Lochtefeld&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fillustratedencyc0000loch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Parashurama">"Parashurama | Hindu mythology"</a>. 6 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Parashurama+%26%23124%3B+Hindu+mythology&rft.date=2024-08-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FParashurama&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhazan_Ecosystems_of_Goa:_Building_on_Indigenous_Solutions_to_Cope_with_Global_Environmental_Change_(Advances_in_Asian_Human-Environmental_Research)1995" class="citation book cs1">Khazan Ecosystems of Goa: Building on Indigenous Solutions to Cope with Global Environmental Change (Advances in Asian Human-Environmental Research) (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-r_EBAAAQBAJ&q=parashurama+was+saraswath+brahmin&pg=PA29"><i>Khazan Ecosystems of Goa: Building on Indigenous Solutions to Cope with Global Environmental Change</i></a>. Abhinav Publications. p. 29. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9400772014" title="Special:BookSources/978-9400772014"><bdi>978-9400772014</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Khazan+Ecosystems+of+Goa%3A+Building+on+Indigenous+Solutions+to+Cope+with+Global+Environmental+Change&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=Abhinav+Publications&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-9400772014&rft.au=Khazan+Ecosystems+of+Goa%3A+Building+on+Indigenous+Solutions+to+Cope+with+Global+Environmental+Change+%28Advances+in+Asian+Human-Environmental+Research%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-r_EBAAAQBAJ%26q%3Dparashurama%2Bwas%2Bsaraswath%2Bbrahmin%26pg%3DPA29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Leslie2014p64-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Leslie2014p64_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leslie2014p64_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leslie2014p64_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leslie2014p64_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leslie2014p64_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leslie2014p64_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leslie2014p64_10-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLynn_Thomas2014" class="citation book cs1">Lynn Thomas (2014). 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Routledge. pp. 64–66 with footnotes. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-136-77881-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-136-77881-0"><bdi>978-1-136-77881-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Myth+and+Mythmaking%3A+Continuous+Evolution+in+Indian+Tradition&rft.pages=64-66+with+footnotes&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-136-77881-0&rft.au=Lynn+Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQrLKAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-donaldson159-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-donaldson159_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-donaldson159_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-donaldson159_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-donaldson159_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas_E_Donaldson1995" class="citation book cs1">Thomas E Donaldson (1995). Umakant Premanand Shah (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fETebHcHKogC"><i>Studies in Jaina Art and Iconography and Allied Subjects in Honour of Dr. U. P. Shah</i></a>. Abhinav Publications. pp. <span class="nowrap">159–</span>160. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7017-316-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7017-316-8"><bdi>978-81-7017-316-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studies+in+Jaina+Art+and+Iconography+and+Allied+Subjects+in+Honour+of+Dr.+U.+P.+Shah&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E159-%3C%2Fspan%3E160&rft.pub=Abhinav+Publications&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-81-7017-316-8&rft.au=Thomas+E+Donaldson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfETebHcHKogC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFValmiki" class="citation book cs1">Valmiki. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/TheRamayan"><i>The Ramayana</i></a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">139–</span>144.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ramayana&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E139-%3C%2Fspan%3E144&rft.au=Valmiki&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FTheRamayan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUberoi2005" class="citation book cs1">Uberoi, Meera (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1Cn_zJhh-rIC&pg=PA25"><i>The Mahabharata</i></a>. Penguin Books India. p. 25. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-303358-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-303358-5"><bdi>978-0-14-303358-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mahabharata&rft.pages=25&rft.pub=Penguin+Books+India&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-14-303358-5&rft.aulast=Uberoi&rft.aufirst=Meera&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1Cn_zJhh-rIC%26pg%3DPA25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKisari_Mohan_Ganguli" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kisari_Mohan_Ganguli" title="Kisari Mohan Ganguli">Kisari Mohan Ganguli</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m05/m05181.htm">"Section CLXXXI"</a>. <i>The Mahabharata, Book 5: Udyoga Parva</i>. Sacred-texts.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Mahabharata%2C+Book+5%3A+Udyoga+Parva&rft.atitle=Section+CLXXXI&rft.au=Kisari+Mohan+Ganguli&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sacred-texts.com%2Fhin%2Fm05%2Fm05181.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mani-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mani_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMani1975" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Vettam_Mani" title="Vettam Mani">Mani, Vettam</a> (1975). "Amba". <i>Puranic Encyclopaedia: a Comprehensive Dictionary with Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature</i>. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. pp. <span class="nowrap">27–</span>29. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8426-0822-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8426-0822-0"><bdi>978-0-8426-0822-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Amba&rft.btitle=Puranic+Encyclopaedia%3A+a+Comprehensive+Dictionary+with+Special+Reference+to+the+Epic+and+Puranic+Literature&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E27-%3C%2Fspan%3E29&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass+Publishers&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=978-0-8426-0822-0&rft.aulast=Mani&rft.aufirst=Vettam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKisari_Mohan_Ganguli" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kisari_Mohan_Ganguli" title="Kisari Mohan Ganguli">Kisari Mohan Ganguli</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m05/m05188.htm">"Section CLXXXVIII"</a>. <i>The Mahabharata, Book 5: Udyoga Parva</i>. Sacred-texts.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Mahabharata%2C+Book+5%3A+Udyoga+Parva&rft.atitle=Section+CLXXXVIII&rft.au=Kisari+Mohan+Ganguli&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sacred-texts.com%2Fhin%2Fm05%2Fm05188.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CLXXXIX-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CLXXXIX_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKisari_Mohan_Ganguli" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kisari_Mohan_Ganguli" title="Kisari Mohan Ganguli">Kisari Mohan Ganguli</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m05/m05189.htm">"Section CLXXXIX"</a>. <i>The Mahabharata, Book 5: Udyoga Parva</i>. Sacred-texts.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Mahabharata%2C+Book+5%3A+Udyoga+Parva&rft.atitle=Section+CLXXXIX&rft.au=Kisari+Mohan+Ganguli&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sacred-texts.com%2Fhin%2Fm05%2Fm05189.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMenon1987" class="citation book cs1">Menon, A. Sreedhara (1987). <i>Kerala History and its Makers</i>. D C Books. p. 24. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8126421992" title="Special:BookSources/978-8126421992"><bdi>978-8126421992</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kerala+History+and+its+Makers&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=D+C+Books&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-8126421992&rft.aulast=Menon&rft.aufirst=A.+Sreedhara&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Ancient Indian History</i> By Madhavan Arjunan Pillai, p. 204 <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">S. C. Bhatt, Gopal K. Bhargava (2006) "Land and People of Indian States and Union Territories: Volume 14", p. 18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAiya_VN1906" class="citation book cs1">Aiya VN (1906). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RdzaPW-kEvQC"><i>The Travancore State Manual</i></a>. Travancore Government Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">210–</span>12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Travancore+State+Manual&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E210-%3C%2Fspan%3E12&rft.pub=Travancore+Government+Press&rft.date=1906&rft.au=Aiya+VN&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRdzaPW-kEvQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSrinivisa_Iyengar1929" class="citation book cs1">Srinivisa Iyengar, P. T. (1929). <i>History of the Tamils: From the Earliest Times to 600 A.D</i>. Madras: Asian Educational Services. p. 515. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8120601451" title="Special:BookSources/978-8120601451"><bdi>978-8120601451</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Tamils%3A+From+the+Earliest+Times+to+600+A.D.&rft.place=Madras&rft.pages=515&rft.pub=Asian+Educational+Services&rft.date=1929&rft.isbn=978-8120601451&rft.aulast=Srinivisa+Iyengar&rft.aufirst=P.+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-skanda-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-skanda_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i> Shree Scanda Puran (Sayadri Khandha)</i> – Ed. Dr. Jarson D. Kunha, Marathi version Ed. by Gajanan Shastri Gaytonde, published by Shree Katyani Publication, Mumbai</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Gomantak Prakruti ani Sanskruti</i> Part 1, p. 206, B. D. Satoskar, Shubhada Publication</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAiya_VN1906" class="citation book cs1">Aiya VN (1906). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RdzaPW-kEvQC"><i>The Travancore State Manual</i></a>. Travancore Government Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">210–</span>212<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Travancore+State+Manual&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E210-%3C%2Fspan%3E212&rft.pub=Travancore+Government+Press&rft.date=1906&rft.au=Aiya+VN&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRdzaPW-kEvQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dimmitt2012p82-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dimmitt2012p82_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCornelia_Dimmitt2012" class="citation book cs1">Cornelia Dimmitt (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=re7CR2jKn3QC"><i>Classical Hindu Mythology: A Reader in the Sanskrit Puranas</i></a>. Temple University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">82–</span>85. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4399-0464-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4399-0464-0"><bdi>978-1-4399-0464-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Classical+Hindu+Mythology%3A+A+Reader+in+the+Sanskrit+Puranas&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E82-%3C%2Fspan%3E85&rft.pub=Temple+University+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-4399-0464-0&rft.au=Cornelia+Dimmitt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dre7CR2jKn3QC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas_E_Donaldson1995" class="citation book cs1">Thomas E Donaldson (1995). 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Abhinav Publications. pp. <span class="nowrap">174–</span>175. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7017-316-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7017-316-8"><bdi>978-81-7017-316-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studies+in+Jaina+Art+and+Iconography+and+Allied+Subjects+in+Honour+of+Dr.+U.P.+Shah&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E174-%3C%2Fspan%3E175&rft.pub=Abhinav+Publications&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-81-7017-316-8&rft.au=Thomas+E+Donaldson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfETebHcHKogC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas_E_Donaldson1995" class="citation book cs1">Thomas E Donaldson (1995). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Mahabharata+of+Krishna-Dwaipayana+Vyasa&rft.atitle=Drona+Parva+Section+LXX&rft.date=1883&rft.au=Ganguly+KM&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sacred-texts.com%2Fhin%2Fm07%2Fm07067.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-daniel30-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-daniel30_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-daniel30_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaniel_E_Bassuk1987" class="citation book cs1">Daniel E Bassuk (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=k3iwCwAAQBAJ"><i>Incarnation in Hinduism and Christianity: The Myth of the God-Man</i></a>. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 30. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-349-08642-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-349-08642-9"><bdi>978-1-349-08642-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Incarnation+in+Hinduism+and+Christianity%3A+The+Myth+of+the+God-Man&rft.pages=30&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-1-349-08642-9&rft.au=Daniel+E+Bassuk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dk3iwCwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Karna_the_conqueror_of_the_entire_world-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Karna_the_conqueror_of_the_entire_world_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKisari_Mohan_Ganguli1896" class="citation web cs1">Kisari Mohan Ganguli (1896). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m03/m03252.htm">"Mahabaratha, Digvijaya yatra of Karna"</a>. <i>The Mahabharata</i>. Sacred Texts<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Mahabharata&rft.atitle=Mahabaratha%2C+Digvijaya+yatra+of+Karna&rft.date=1896&rft.au=Kisari+Mohan+Ganguli&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sacred-texts.com%2Fhin%2Fm03%2Fm03252.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLynn_Thomas2014" class="citation book cs1">Lynn Thomas (2014). Julia Leslie (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QrLKAgAAQBAJ"><i>Myth and Mythmaking: Continuous Evolution in Indian Tradition</i></a>. Routledge. pp. 66–69 with footnotes. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-136-77881-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-136-77881-0"><bdi>978-1-136-77881-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Myth+and+Mythmaking%3A+Continuous+Evolution+in+Indian+Tradition&rft.pages=66-69+with+footnotes&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-136-77881-0&rft.au=Lynn+Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQrLKAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLynn_Thomas2014" class="citation book cs1">Lynn Thomas (2014). Julia Leslie (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QrLKAgAAQBAJ"><i>Myth and Mythmaking: Continuous Evolution in Indian Tradition</i></a>. Routledge. pp. 69–71 with footnotes. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-136-77881-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-136-77881-0"><bdi>978-1-136-77881-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Myth+and+Mythmaking%3A+Continuous+Evolution+in+Indian+Tradition&rft.pages=69-71+with+footnotes&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-136-77881-0&rft.au=Lynn+Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQrLKAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFL_Eck2012" class="citation book cs1">L Eck, Diana (27 March 2012). <i>India : A Sacred Geography</i>. Harmony/Rodale. p. 37.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India+%3A+A+Sacred+Geography&rft.pages=37&rft.pub=Harmony%2FRodale&rft.date=2012-03-27&rft.aulast=L+Eck&rft.aufirst=Diana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stanley Wolpert (2006), Encyclopedia of India, Thomson Gale, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-684-31350-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-684-31350-2">0-684-31350-2</a>, page 80</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-encyc-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-encyc_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChandra1998" class="citation book cs1">Chandra, Suresh (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mfTE6kpz6XEC"><i>Encyclopedia of Hindu Gods & Goddesses</i></a>. Sarup & Sons. p. 376. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788176250399" title="Special:BookSources/9788176250399"><bdi>9788176250399</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Hindu+Gods+%26+Goddesses&rft.pages=376&rft.pub=Sarup+%26+Sons&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9788176250399&rft.aulast=Chandra&rft.aufirst=Suresh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmfTE6kpz6XEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-donaldson178-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-donaldson178_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-donaldson178_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas_E_Donaldson1995" class="citation book cs1">Thomas E Donaldson (1995). Umakant Premanand Shah (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fETebHcHKogC"><i>Studies in Jaina Art and Iconography and Allied Subjects in Honour of Dr. U.P. Shah</i></a>. Abhinav Publications. pp. <span class="nowrap">178–</span>180. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7017-316-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7017-316-8"><bdi>978-81-7017-316-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studies+in+Jaina+Art+and+Iconography+and+Allied+Subjects+in+Honour+of+Dr.+U.P.+Shah&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E178-%3C%2Fspan%3E180&rft.pub=Abhinav+Publications&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-81-7017-316-8&rft.au=Thomas+E+Donaldson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfETebHcHKogC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFG._Kameshwar2004" class="citation book cs1">G. Kameshwar (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AMRlAAAAMAAJ"><i>Tulu Tales: A Soota Chronicle</i></a>. Rupa & Company. p. 31. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788129104274" title="Special:BookSources/9788129104274"><bdi>9788129104274</bdi></a>. <q>The association of Parasurama, an incarnation of Vishnu, with the Linga, came to be known as Anantheshwara and the place of worship is the present Anantheshwara temple.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tulu+Tales%3A+A+Soota+Chronicle&rft.pages=31&rft.pub=Rupa+%26+Company&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9788129104274&rft.au=G.+Kameshwar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAMRlAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thenewsmill.com/thousands-gather-parshuram-kund-holy-dip-makar-sankranti/">"Thousands gather at Parshuram Kund for holy dip on Makar Sankranti"</a>. The News Mill. 13 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Thousands+gather+at+Parshuram+Kund+for+holy+dip+on+Makar+Sankranti&rft.pub=The+News+Mill&rft.date=2017-01-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthenewsmill.com%2Fthousands-gather-parshuram-kund-holy-dip-makar-sankranti%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/70000-devotees-take-holy-dip-in-parshuram-kund/1061283/">"70,000 devotees take holy dip in Parshuram Kund"</a>. <i>Indian Express</i>. 18 January 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indian+Express&rft.atitle=70%2C000+devotees+take+holy+dip+in+Parshuram+Kund&rft.date=2013-01-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.indianexpress.com%2Fnews%2F70000-devotees-take-holy-dip-in-parshuram-kund%2F1061283%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TCPMsz30Mn8">"दशावतार कीर्तनमाला परशुराम अवतार श्रावण विशेष ह.भ.प. डॉ. चारुदत्तबुवा आफळे #vishnu Dashavtarv"</a>. 17 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0+%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE+%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0+%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A3+%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7+%E0%A4%B9.%E0%A4%AD.%E0%A4%AA.+%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%89.+%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%B3%E0%A5%87+%23vishnu+Dashavtarv&rft.date=2024-08-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DTCPMsz30Mn8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oneindia.com/2008/05/08/janapav-to-be-developed-into-international-pligrim-centre-1210264311.html">"Janapav to be developed into international pligrim centre"</a>. <i>One India</i>. 8 May 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=One+India&rft.atitle=Janapav+to+be+developed+into+international+pligrim+centre&rft.date=2008-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oneindia.com%2F2008%2F05%2F08%2Fjanapav-to-be-developed-into-international-pligrim-centre-1210264311.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas_E_Donaldson1995" class="citation book cs1">Thomas E Donaldson (1995). Umakant Premanand Shah (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fETebHcHKogC"><i>Studies in Jaina Art and Iconography and Allied Subjects in Honour of Dr. U.P. Shah</i></a>. Abhinav Publications. pp. <span class="nowrap">161–</span>70. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7017-316-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7017-316-8"><bdi>978-81-7017-316-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studies+in+Jaina+Art+and+Iconography+and+Allied+Subjects+in+Honour+of+Dr.+U.P.+Shah&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E161-%3C%2Fspan%3E70&rft.pub=Abhinav+Publications&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-81-7017-316-8&rft.au=Thomas+E+Donaldson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfETebHcHKogC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKM2016" class="citation book cs1">KM, Ganguly (2016) [1883]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m07/m07067.htm"><i>The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa</i></a> (Drona Parva Section LXX ed.). Sacred Texts.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mahabharata+of+Krishna-Dwaipayana+Vyasa&rft.edition=Drona+Parva+Section+LXX&rft.pub=Sacred+Texts&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=KM&rft.aufirst=Ganguly&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sacred-texts.com%2Fhin%2Fm07%2Fm07067.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMackenzie1913" class="citation book cs1">Mackenzie, Donald A (1913). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sacred-texts.com/hin/iml/index.htm"><i>Indian Myth and Legend</i></a>. Sacred Texts.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Myth+and+Legend&rft.pub=Sacred+Texts&rft.date=1913&rft.aulast=Mackenzie&rft.aufirst=Donald+A&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsacred-texts.com%2Fhin%2Fiml%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParashurama" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parashurama&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Parashurama" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Parashurama">Parashurama</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Vamana" title="Vamana">Vamana</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Dashavatara" title="Dashavatara">Dashavatara</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Treta_Yuga" title="Treta Yuga">Treta Yuga</a></span> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Avatars_of_Vishnu680" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#FFC569;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:VishnuAvatars" title="Template:VishnuAvatars"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:VishnuAvatars" title="Template talk:VishnuAvatars"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:VishnuAvatars" title="Special:EditPage/Template:VishnuAvatars"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Avatars_of_Vishnu680" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">Avatars</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;"><a href="/wiki/Dashavatara" title="Dashavatara">Dashavatara</a><br />(for example)<sup><small>1</small></sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matsya" title="Matsya">Matsya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurma" title="Kurma">Kurma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varaha" title="Varaha">Varaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narasimha" title="Narasimha">Narasimha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vamana" title="Vamana">Vamana</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Parashurama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balarama" title="Balarama">Balarama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gautama_Buddha_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Gautama Buddha in Hinduism">Buddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalki" title="Kalki">Kalki</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vishnu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Vishnu.jpg/60px-Vishnu.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Vishnu.jpg/90px-Vishnu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Vishnu.jpg/120px-Vishnu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="205" data-file-height="246" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;">Other avatars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four_Kumaras" title="Four Kumaras">Four Kumaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narada" title="Narada">Narada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nara-Narayana" title="Nara-Narayana">Nara-Narayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapila" title="Kapila">Kapila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dattatreya" title="Dattatreya">Dattatreya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajna_(avatar)" title="Yajna (avatar)">Yajna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rishabha_(Hinduism)" title="Rishabha (Hinduism)">Rishabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prithu" title="Prithu">Prithu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhanvantari" title="Dhanvantari">Dhanvantari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohini" title="Mohini">Mohini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyasa" title="Vyasa">Vyasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prsnigarbha" title="Prsnigarbha">Prsnigarbha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayagriva" title="Hayagriva">Hayagriva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamsa_(bird)" title="Hamsa (bird)">Hamsa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#FFC569;"><div><small><sup><small>1</small></sup> The list of the "ten avatars" varies regionally. Two substitutions<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (September 2022)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> involve Balarama, Krishna, and Buddha. Krishna is almost always included; in exceptions, he is considered the source of all avatars.</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hindu_deities_and_texts170" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#FFC569;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hindu_deities_and_texts" title="Template:Hindu deities and texts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hindu_deities_and_texts" title="Template talk:Hindu deities and texts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hindu_deities_and_texts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hindu deities and texts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hindu_deities_and_texts170" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_deities" title="Hindu deities">Hindu deities</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">texts</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">Gods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trimurti" title="Trimurti">Trimurti</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agni" title="Agni">Agni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashvins" title="Ashvins">Ashvins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandra" title="Chandra">Chandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dattatreya" title="Dattatreya">Dattatreya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesha" title="Ganesha">Ganesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indra" title="Indra">Indra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamadeva" title="Kamadeva">Kama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartikeya" title="Kartikeya">Kartikeya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubera" title="Kubera">Kubera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shasta_(deity)" title="Shasta (deity)">Shasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">Surya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varuna" title="Varuna">Varuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vayu" title="Vayu">Vayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishvakarma" title="Vishvakarma">Vishvakarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yama" title="Yama">Yama</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu_gods" title="Category:Hindu gods">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hindu Om symbol"><img alt="Hindu Om symbol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Om_symbol.svg/50px-Om_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Om_symbol.svg/75px-Om_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Om_symbol.svg/100px-Om_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="356" data-file-height="367" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Goddesses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tridevi" title="Tridevi">Tridevi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saraswati" title="Saraswati">Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvati" title="Parvati">Parvati</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aditi" title="Aditi">Aditi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhumi_(goddess)" title="Bhumi (goddess)">Bhumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhaya" title="Chhaya">Chhaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durga" title="Durga">Durga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganga_(goddess)" title="Ganga (goddess)">Ganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indrani" class="mw-redirect" title="Indrani">Shachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali" title="Kali">Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahadevi" title="Mahadevi">Mahadevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavidya" title="Mahavidya">Mahavidya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matangi" title="Matangi">Matangi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matrikas" title="Matrikas">Matrikas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rati" title="Rati">Rati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohini_(goddess)" title="Rohini (goddess)">Rohini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rukmini" title="Rukmini">Rukmini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjna" title="Sanjna">Sanjna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sati_(Hindu_goddess)" title="Sati (Hindu goddess)">Sati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakti" title="Shakti">Shakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shashthi" title="Shashthi">Shashthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu_goddesses" title="Category:Hindu goddesses">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Other deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apsara" title="Apsara">Apsaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asura" title="Asura">Asuras</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daitya" title="Daitya">Daitya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danava_(Hinduism)" title="Danava (Hinduism)">Danava</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devata" title="Devata">Devata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardians_of_the_directions" title="Guardians of the directions">Dikpāla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandharva" title="Gandharva">Gandharvas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gana" title="Gana">Gana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuladevata" title="Kuladevata">Kuladevatas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gramadevata" title="Gramadevata">Gramadevatas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakshasa" title="Rakshasa">Rakshasas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vahana" title="Vahana">Vahanas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaksha" title="Yaksha">Yakshas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yakshini" title="Yakshini">Yakshini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Texts (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_texts" title="List of Hindu texts">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaveda" title="Samaveda">Sama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajurveda" title="Yajurveda">Yajur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atharvaveda" title="Atharvaveda">Atharva</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puranas" title="Puranas">Puranas</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Sutras_of_Patanjali" title="Yoga Sutras of Patanjali">Yoga Sutras of Patanjali</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu_texts" title="Category:Hindu texts">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#FFC569;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_mythology" title="Hindu mythology">Hindu mythology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ramayana191" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#FFC569;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ramayana" title="Template:Ramayana"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ramayana" title="Template talk:Ramayana"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ramayana" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ramayana"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ramayana191" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ikshvaku_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Ikshvaku dynasty">Ikshvaku dynasty</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dasharatha" title="Dasharatha">Dasharatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kausalya" title="Kausalya">Kausalya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumitra" title="Sumitra">Sumitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaikeyi" title="Kaikeyi">Kaikeyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharata_(Ramayana)" title="Bharata (Ramayana)">Bharata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmana" title="Lakshmana">Lakshmana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shatrughna" title="Shatrughna">Shatrughna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urmila" title="Urmila">Urmila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandavi" title="Mandavi">Mandavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrutakirti" title="Shrutakirti">Shrutakirti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lava_(Ramayana)" title="Lava (Ramayana)">Lava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kusha_(Ramayana)" title="Kusha (Ramayana)">Kusha</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ramapanchayan,_Raja_Ravi_Varma_(Lithograph).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Ramapanchayan%2C_Raja_Ravi_Varma_%28Lithograph%29.jpg/125px-Ramapanchayan%2C_Raja_Ravi_Varma_%28Lithograph%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Ramapanchayan%2C_Raja_Ravi_Varma_%28Lithograph%29.jpg/188px-Ramapanchayan%2C_Raja_Ravi_Varma_%28Lithograph%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Ramapanchayan%2C_Raja_Ravi_Varma_%28Lithograph%29.jpg/250px-Ramapanchayan%2C_Raja_Ravi_Varma_%28Lithograph%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4106" data-file-height="5712" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vanara" title="Vanara">Vanara</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugriva" title="Sugriva">Sugriva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vali_(Ramayana)" title="Vali (Ramayana)">Vali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angada" title="Angada">Angada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tara_(Ramayana)" title="Tara (Ramayana)">Tara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rum%C4%81" title="Rumā">Rumā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nala_(Ramayana)" title="Nala (Ramayana)">Nala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nila_(Ramayana)" title="Nila (Ramayana)">Nila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesari_(Ramayana)" title="Kesari (Ramayana)">Kesari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%B1jan%C4%81" title="Añjanā">Anjana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makaradhwaja" title="Makaradhwaja">Makaradhwaja</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rakshasa" title="Rakshasa">Rakshasa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ravana" title="Ravana">Ravana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vibhishana" title="Vibhishana">Vibhishana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbhakarna" title="Kumbhakarna">Kumbhakarna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indrajit" title="Indrajit">Indrajit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akshayakumara" title="Akshayakumara">Akshayakumara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atikaya" title="Atikaya">Atikaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabandha" title="Kabandha">Kabandha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khara_(Ramayana)" class="mw-redirect" title="Khara (Ramayana)">Khara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dushana" class="mw-redirect" title="Dushana">Dushana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandodari" title="Mandodari">Mandodari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhanyamalini" title="Dhanyamalini">Dhanyamalini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavanasura" title="Lavanasura">Lavanasura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malyavan" title="Malyavan">Malyavan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maricha" title="Maricha">Maricha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayasura" title="Mayasura">Mayasura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narantaka-Devantaka" title="Narantaka-Devantaka">Narantaka-Devantaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prahasta" title="Prahasta">Prahasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarama_(Ramayana)" title="Sarama (Ramayana)">Sarama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subahu" title="Subahu">Subahu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulochana_(Ramayana)" title="Sulochana (Ramayana)">Sulochana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumali" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumali">Sumali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shurpanakha" title="Shurpanakha">Shurpanakha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tataka" title="Tataka">Tataka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trijata" title="Trijata">Trijata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trishira" title="Trishira">Trishira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viradha" title="Viradha">Viradha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rishi" title="Rishi">Sages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agastya" title="Agastya">Agastya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahalya" title="Ahalya">Ahalya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arundhati_(Hinduism)" title="Arundhati (Hinduism)">Arundhati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharadvaja" title="Bharadvaja">Bharadvaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sage_Kambhoja" title="Sage Kambhoja">Kambhoja</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Parashurama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasishtha" title="Vasishtha">Vasishtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishvamitra" title="Vishvamitra">Vishvamitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rishyasringa" title="Rishyasringa">Rishyasringa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valmiki" title="Valmiki">Valmiki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Characters_in_the_Ramayana" class="mw-redirect" title="Characters in the Ramayana">Other figures<br />and concepts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmana_rekha" title="Lakshmana rekha">Lakshmana rekha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jambavan" title="Jambavan">Jambavan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janaka" title="Janaka">Janaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushadhvaja" title="Kushadhvaja">Kushadhvaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatayu" title="Jatayu">Jatayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manthara" title="Manthara">Manthara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_Sita" title="Maya Sita">Maya Sita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampati" title="Sampati">Sampati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabari" title="Shabari">Shabari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanta" title="Shanta">Shanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shravana_Kumara" title="Shravana Kumara">Shravana Kumara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedavati" title="Vedavati">Vedavati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shambuka" title="Shambuka">Shambuka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FFC569;;width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayodhya_(legendary_city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayodhya (legendary city)">Ayodhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithila_(ancient)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mithila (ancient)">Mithila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandakaranya" title="Dandakaranya">Dandakaranya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishkindha" title="Kishkindha">Kishkindha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanka" title="Lanka">Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshadhiparvata" title="Oshadhiparvata">Oshadhiparvata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FFC569;;width:1%">Books/Kandas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balakanda" title="Balakanda">Bala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayodhya_Kand" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayodhya Kand">Ayodhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ara%E1%B9%87ya-K%C4%81%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Da" title="Araṇya-Kāṇḍa">Aranya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishkindha_Kanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Kishkindha Kanda">Kishkindha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundara_Kanda" title="Sundara Kanda">Sundara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuddha_Kanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuddha Kanda">Yuddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttara_Kanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Uttara Kanda">Uttara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Versions_of_Ramayana" class="mw-redirect" title="Versions of Ramayana">Versions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Adbhuta_Ramayana" title="Adbhuta Ramayana">Adbhuta Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Adhyathmaramayanam" class="mw-redirect" title="Adhyathmaramayanam">Adhyathmaramayanam</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Adhyatma_Ramayana" title="Adhyatma Ramayana">Adhyatma Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ananda_Ramayana" title="Ananda Ramayana">Ananda Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhanubhakta_Ramayana" title="Bhanubhakta Ramayana">Bhanubhakta Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bha%E1%B9%AD%E1%B9%ADik%C4%81vya" title="Bhaṭṭikāvya">Bhaṭṭikāvya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bilanka_Ramayana" title="Bilanka Ramayana">Bilanka Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hikayat_Seri_Rama" title="Hikayat Seri Rama">Hikayat Seri Rama</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jagamohana_Ramayana" title="Jagamohana Ramayana">Jagamohana Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kakawin_Ramayana" title="Kakawin Ramayana">Kakawin Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kamba_Ramayanam" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamba Ramayanam">Kamba Ramayanam</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Krittivasi_Ramayana" class="mw-redirect" title="Krittivasi Ramayana">Krittivasi Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maharadia_Lawana" title="Maharadia Lawana">Maharadia Lawana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Molla_Ramayanam" title="Molla Ramayanam">Molla Ramayanam</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phra_Lak_Phra_Ram" title="Phra Lak Phra Ram">Phra Lak Phra Ram</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Raghunatha_Ramayana" title="Raghunatha Ramayana">Raghunatha Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramakien" title="Ramakien">Ramakien</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramayana_Kalpavruksham" title="Ramayana Kalpavruksham">Ramayana Kalpavruksham</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramcharitmanas" title="Ramcharitmanas">Ramcharitmanas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ranganatha_Ramayanamu" title="Ranganatha Ramayanamu">Ranganatha Ramayanamu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reamker" title="Reamker">Reamker</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saptakanda_Ramayana" title="Saptakanda Ramayana">Saptakanda Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sri_Ramayana_Darshanam" title="Sri Ramayana Darshanam">Sri Ramayana Darshanam</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sri_Ramayanamu" title="Sri Ramayanamu">Sri Ramayanamu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trai_Bhet" title="Trai Bhet">Trai Bhet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yama_Zatdaw" title="Yama Zatdaw">Yama Zatdaw</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FFC569;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramlila" title="Ramlila">Ramlila</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q825682#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata780" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q825682#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata780" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q825682#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" 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