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.mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Wales" title="Category:Wales">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa"><span class="wraplinks"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Wales" title="Culture of Wales">Culture of Wales</a></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image photo"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Wales.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/150px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/225px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/300px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Wales" title="History of Wales">History</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Welsh_history" title="Timeline of Welsh history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Welsh_history" title="Bibliography of Welsh history">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Wales" title="Prehistoric Wales">Prehistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_in_the_Roman_era" title="Wales in the Roman era">Roman Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Anglo-Welsh_wars" title="List of Anglo-Welsh wars">Anglo-Welsh Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_in_the_early_Middle_Ages" class="mw-redirect" title="Wales in the early Middle Ages">Early Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Gwynedd" title="Kingdom of Gwynedd">Kingdom of Gwynedd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Powys" title="Kingdom of Powys">Kingdom of Powys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deheubarth" title="Deheubarth">Deheubarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyfraith_Hywel" title="Cyfraith Hywel">Medieval Welsh law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_invasion_of_Wales" title="Norman invasion of Wales">Norman invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Wales_by_Edward_I" title="Conquest of Wales by Edward I">Edwardian conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_in_the_late_Middle_Ages" class="mw-redirect" title="Wales in the late Middle Ages">Late Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statute_of_Rhuddlan" title="Statute of Rhuddlan">Statute of Rhuddlan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glynd%C5%B5r_rebellion" title="Glyndŵr rebellion">Glyndŵr rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laws_in_Wales_Acts_1535_and_1542" title="Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542">Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_settlement_in_the_Americas" title="Welsh settlement in the Americas">Colonies</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Welsh_people" title="Welsh people">People</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Wales" title="Languages of Wales">Languages</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Y_Fro_Gymraeg" title="Y Fro Gymraeg">Y Fro Gymraeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Welsh_language" title="History of the Welsh language">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_placenames" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh placenames">Welsh placenames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_surnames" title="Welsh surnames">Welsh surnames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh-medium_education" title="Welsh-medium education">Welsh-medium education</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_English" title="Welsh English">Welsh English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Romani_language" title="Welsh Romani language">Welsh Romani</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Traditions</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Welsh_costume" title="Traditional Welsh costume">Traditional Welsh costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_law" title="Welsh law">Welsh law</a></li> <li>Land division (<a href="/wiki/Commote" title="Commote">Commote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantref" title="Cantref">Cantref</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_counties_of_Wales" title="Historic counties of Wales">Historic counties</a>)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_mythology" title="Welsh mythology">Mythology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Folklore_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Folklore of Wales">folklore</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King_Arthur" title="King Arthur">Arthurian legend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matter_of_Britain" title="Matter of Britain">Matter of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mabinogion" title="Mabinogion">Mabinogion</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_cuisine" title="Welsh cuisine">Cuisine</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bara_brith" title="Bara brith">Bara brith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laverbread" title="Laverbread">Bara Lafwr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cawl" title="Cawl">Cawl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leek_soup" title="Leek soup">Cawl Cennin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crempog" title="Crempog">Crempog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Gower" title="Cuisine of Gower">Gower cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glamorgan_sausage" title="Glamorgan sausage">Selsig Morgannwg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatws_Pum_Munud" title="Tatws Pum Munud">Tatws Pum Munud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_breakfast#Full_Welsh_breakfast" title="Full breakfast">Welsh breakfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_cake" title="Welsh cake">Welsh cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_rarebit" title="Welsh rarebit">Welsh rarebit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_dishes" title="List of Welsh dishes">Welsh dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_restaurants_in_Wales" title="List of restaurants in Wales">Restaurants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_food_festivals_in_Wales" title="List of food festivals in Wales">Food festivals</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_festival_days_of_Wales" title="Traditional festival days of Wales">Festivals</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calennig" title="Calennig">Calennig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dydd_Santes_Dwynwen" class="mw-redirect" title="Dydd Santes Dwynwen">Dydd Santes Dwynwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C5%B5yl_Fair_y_Canhwyllau" title="Gŵyl Fair y Canhwyllau">Gŵyl Fair y Canhwyllau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_David%27s_Day" title="Saint David's Day">Saint David's Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calan_Mai" title="Calan Mai">Calan Mai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gathering_Day" title="Gathering Day">Calan Awst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calan_Gaeaf" title="Calan Gaeaf">Calan Gaeaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C5%B5yl_Mabsant" title="Gŵyl Mabsant">Gŵyl Mabsant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_holidays#Gŵyl_San_Steffan" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh holidays">Gŵyl San Steffan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisteddfod" title="Eisteddfod">Eisteddfod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_festivals_in_Wales" title="List of festivals in Wales">List of festivals in Wales</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Wales" title="Religion in Wales">Religion</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Wales#History" title="Religion in Wales">Religion in Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Britain#Christianity" title="Roman Britain">Christianity in Roman Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_of_England_and_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Church of England and Wales">Catholic Church of England and Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Christianity" title="Celtic Christianity">Celtic Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Rite#British_(i.e._Welsh,_Cornish,_or_Breton)" title="Celtic Rite">Celtic Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_David" title="Saint David">Saint David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubricius" title="Dubricius">Dubricius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teilo" class="mw-redirect" title="Teilo">Teilo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh Bible">Welsh Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Salesbury" title="William Salesbury">William Salesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Morgan_(Bible_translator)" title="William Morgan (Bible translator)">William Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Methodist_revival" title="Welsh Methodist revival">Welsh Methodist revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904%E2%80%931905_Welsh_Revival" class="mw-redirect" title="1904–1905 Welsh Revival">1904–1905 Welsh Revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_in_Wales#Disestablishment" title="Church in Wales">Disestablishment of Church in Wales</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Art_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Art of Wales">Art</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Wales">Literature</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh-language_literature" title="Welsh-language literature">in Welsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_literature_in_English" title="Welsh literature in English">in English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_Welsh_literature" title="Medieval Welsh literature">Medieval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_language_authors" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Welsh language authors">Authors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_language_poets_(6th_century_to_c.1600)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Welsh language poets (6th century to c.1600)">Poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Wales" title="Theatre of Wales">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_historical_documents" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh historical documents">Welsh historical documents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh-language_comics" title="Welsh-language comics">Welsh-language comics</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Wales" title="Music of Wales">Music</a> and performing arts</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Wales" title="Theatre of Wales">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_folk_music" title="Welsh folk music">Welsh folk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_dance" title="Welsh dance">Welsh dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_stepdance" title="Welsh stepdance">Welsh stepdance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerdd_Dant" title="Cerdd Dant">Cerdd Dant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crwth" title="Crwth">Crwth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cymanfa_Ganu" title="Cymanfa Ganu">Cymanfa Ganu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynghanedd" title="Cynghanedd">Cynghanedd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9ilidh" class="mw-redirect" title="Céilidh">Noson Lawen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pibgorn_(instrument)" title="Pibgorn (instrument)">Pibgorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabor_(instrument)" title="Tabor (instrument)">Tabwrdd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_harp" title="Triple harp">Triple harp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twmpath" title="Twmpath">Twmpath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_bagpipes" title="Welsh bagpipes">Welsh bagpipes</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Media in Wales">Media</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radio_in_Wales" title="Radio in Wales">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Wales" title="Television in Wales">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Wales" title="Cinema of Wales">Cinema</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Wales" title="Sport in Wales">Sport</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bando_(sport)" title="Bando (sport)">Bando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_in_Wales" title="Boxing in Wales">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cnapan" title="Cnapan">Cnapan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricket_in_Wales" title="Cricket in Wales">Cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Football_in_Wales" title="Football in Wales">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_in_Wales" title="Golf in Wales">Golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horse_racing_in_Wales" title="Horse racing in Wales">Horse Racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh Baseball">Pel-Fas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_handball" title="Welsh handball">Pêl-Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_league_in_Wales" title="Rugby league in Wales">Rugby League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_union_in_Wales" title="Rugby union in Wales">Rugby Union</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Monuments</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Wales" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Wales">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Wales">Symbols</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Wales" title="Flag of Wales">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of Wales">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_anthem_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="National anthem of Wales">National anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Saint_David" title="Flag of Saint David">Flag of Saint David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_flags" title="List of Welsh flags">Other flags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Dragon" title="Welsh Dragon">Welsh Dragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_heraldry" title="Welsh heraldry">Welsh heraldry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_cross" title="Celtic cross">Celtic cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_knot" title="Celtic knot">Celtic knot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_inventions_and_discoveries" title="List of Welsh inventions and discoveries">Inventions and discoveries</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/16px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/24px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/32px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Wales" title="Portal:Wales">Wales portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Culture_of_Wales" title="Template:Culture of Wales"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Culture_of_Wales" title="Template talk:Culture of Wales"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Culture_of_Wales" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Culture of Wales"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b><a href="/wiki/National_symbol" title="National symbol">national symbols</a> of <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a></b> include various official and unofficial images and other symbols. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Flags">Flags</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_symbols_of_Wales&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Flags"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_flags" title="List of Welsh flags">List of Welsh flags</a></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Wales.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/150px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/225px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/300px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> </td> <td> <p>The current design is based upon <a href="/wiki/Henry_VII_of_England" title="Henry VII of England">Henry Tudor's</a> own battle-flag which he carried do <a href="/wiki/St.Paul%27s_Cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="St.Paul's Cathedral">St.Paul's Cathedral</a>, London to bless as soon as he was declared king of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England"> Kingdom of England and Wales</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As an emblem, the <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Dragon" title="Welsh Dragon">red dragon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a>: <i lang="cy">Y Ddraig Goch</i>) of Wales has been used since the reign of <a href="/wiki/Cadwaladr" title="Cadwaladr">Cadwaladr</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rulers of Wales">King of Gwynedd</a> from around 655 AD and is present on the national <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Wales" title="Flag of Wales">flag of Wales</a>, which became an official flag in 1959.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Banner_of_Llywelyn_(Square).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Banner_of_Llywelyn_%28Square%29.svg/150px-Banner_of_Llywelyn_%28Square%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Banner_of_Llywelyn_%28Square%29.svg/225px-Banner_of_Llywelyn_%28Square%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Banner_of_Llywelyn_%28Square%29.svg/300px-Banner_of_Llywelyn_%28Square%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="312" data-file-height="312" /></a></span> </td> <td>The flag of the Princely <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Gwynedd" title="Kingdom of Gwynedd">House of Aberffraw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blazoned" class="mw-redirect" title="Blazoned">blazoned</a> <i>Quarterly <a href="/wiki/Or_(heraldry)" title="Or (heraldry)">or</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gules" title="Gules">gules</a>, four <a href="/wiki/Lion_(heraldry)" title="Lion (heraldry)">lions passant guardant</a> two and two <a href="/wiki/Tincture_(heraldry)#Counterchanging" title="Tincture (heraldry)">counterchanged</a> langued and armed <a href="/wiki/Azure_(heraldry)" title="Azure (heraldry)">Azure</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glyndwr%27s_Banner.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Glyndwr%27s_Banner.svg/150px-Glyndwr%27s_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Glyndwr%27s_Banner.svg/225px-Glyndwr%27s_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Glyndwr%27s_Banner.svg/300px-Glyndwr%27s_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span> </td> <td>The banner of <a href="/wiki/Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r" title="Owain Glyndŵr">Owain Glyndŵr</a> is associated with Welsh nationhood.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the image of the lions were used by Welsh forces within battles during <a href="/wiki/Glynd%C5%B5r_Rising" class="mw-redirect" title="Glyndŵr Rising">Glyndŵr's battles</a> against the English, includes four lions on red and gold. The standard is similar to the arms of <a href="/wiki/Llywelyn_ap_Gruffudd" title="Llywelyn ap Gruffudd">Llywelyn ap Gruffudd</a> (Llywelyn the Last), the last Prince of Wales before the conquest of Wales by <a href="/wiki/Edward_I_of_England" title="Edward I of England">Edward I of England</a>. The design may also be influenced by the arms of Glyndwr's parents, both of whom had lions in their arms.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There's no evidence to suggest this was ever used as a flag, but they are used today on public buildings. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flaga_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tego_Dawida.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flaga_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tego_Dawida.svg/150px-Flaga_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tego_Dawida.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flaga_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tego_Dawida.svg/225px-Flaga_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tego_Dawida.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flaga_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tego_Dawida.svg/300px-Flaga_%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tego_Dawida.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Saint_David" title="Flag of Saint David">Flag of Saint David</a>, the patron Saint of Wales is sometimes used as an alternative to the national flag, is flown on <a href="/wiki/St_David%27s_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="St David's Day">St David's Day</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Y_Draig_Aur_Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Y_Draig_Aur_Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r.jpg/150px-Y_Draig_Aur_Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Y_Draig_Aur_Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r.jpg/225px-Y_Draig_Aur_Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Y_Draig_Aur_Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r.jpg/300px-Y_Draig_Aur_Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3969" data-file-height="2475" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gold_dragon_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold dragon of Wales">The Golden Dragon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a>: <i lang="cy">Y Ddraig Aur</i>) Gold dragon of Wales, a flag used by Glyndŵr in his independence campaign.: 238 : 43|<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 238">: 238 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 43">: 43 </span></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Welsh_heraldry">Welsh heraldry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_symbols_of_Wales&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Welsh heraldry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Welsh_heraldry" title="Welsh heraldry">Welsh heraldry</a></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_Dragon_Badge_of_Wales.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Red_Dragon_Badge_of_Wales.svg/150px-Red_Dragon_Badge_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Red_Dragon_Badge_of_Wales.svg/225px-Red_Dragon_Badge_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Red_Dragon_Badge_of_Wales.svg/300px-Red_Dragon_Badge_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="371" data-file-height="352" /></a></span> </td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Dragon" title="Welsh Dragon">Red Dragon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a>: <i lang="cy">Y Ddraig Goch</i>) of Wales is a symbol of Wales that appears in "<a href="/wiki/Lludd_and_Llefelys" title="Lludd and Llefelys">Cyfranc Lludd a Lleuelys</a>", <i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Brittonum" title="Historia Brittonum">Historia Brittonum</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Regum_Britanniae" title="Historia Regum Britanniae">Historia Regnum Britianniae</a></i>, and the <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Triads" title="Welsh Triads">Welsh triads</a>. According to legend, <a href="/wiki/Vortigern" title="Vortigern">Vortigern</a> (<a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a>: <i lang="cy">Gwrtheyrn</i>) <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Britons" title="King of the Britons">King of the Celtic Britons</a> from Powys is interrupted whilst attempting to build fort at Dinas Emrys. He is told by Merlin/Ambrosius (<a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a>: <i lang="cy">Myrddin</i>) to dig up two dragons beneath the castle. He discovers a red dragon representing the <a href="/wiki/Celtic_Britons" title="Celtic Britons">Celtic Britons</a> (now Welsh) and a white dragon representing Anglo-Saxons (now English). Merlin/Ambrosius prophesies that the Celtic Britons will reclaim the island and push the Anglo-Saxons back to the sea.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As an emblem, the red dragon has been used since the reign of <a href="/wiki/Cadwaladr" title="Cadwaladr">Cadwaladr</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rulers of Wales">King of Gwynedd</a> from around 655AD and is present on the national <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Wales" title="Flag of Wales">flag of Wales</a>, which became an official flag in 1959.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_Llywelyn.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Arms_of_Llywelyn.svg/150px-Arms_of_Llywelyn.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Arms_of_Llywelyn.svg/226px-Arms_of_Llywelyn.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Arms_of_Llywelyn.svg/301px-Arms_of_Llywelyn.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="422" data-file-height="508" /></a></span> </td> <td>Traditional Arms of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Aberffraw" title="House of Aberffraw">House of Aberffraw</a>, Gwynedd and the personal arms of <a href="/wiki/Llywelyn_the_Great" class="mw-redirect" title="Llywelyn the Great">Llywelyn the Great</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Arms_of_Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r.svg/150px-Arms_of_Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Arms_of_Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r.svg/226px-Arms_of_Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Arms_of_Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r.svg/301px-Arms_of_Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="422" data-file-height="508" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r" title="Owain Glyndŵr">Owain Glyndŵr</a>'s shield of arms was adopted by Glyndŵr as Prince of Wales, from 1400.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Badge_of_Wales.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Royal_Badge_of_Wales.svg/150px-Royal_Badge_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Royal_Badge_of_Wales.svg/225px-Royal_Badge_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Royal_Badge_of_Wales.svg/300px-Royal_Badge_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1009" data-file-height="1239" /></a></span> </td> <td>The Welsh coat of arms, or <a href="/wiki/Royal_Badge_of_Wales" title="Royal Badge of Wales">Royal Badge of Wales</a>, which is based on the arms of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rulers of Wales">native princes of Wales</a> from the 13th century.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="British_(formerly_English)_monarchy_heraldry"><span id="British_.28formerly_English.29_monarchy_heraldry"></span>British (formerly English) monarchy heraldry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_symbols_of_Wales&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: British (formerly English) monarchy heraldry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg/100px-Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg/150px-Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg/200px-Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="339" data-file-height="383" /></a></span> </td> <td>The badge represents the Duke of Cornwall or Heir Apparent of the British monarchy (commonly known as the <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers" title="Prince of Wales's feathers">Prince of Wales's feathers</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It consists of three white feathers emerging from a gold coronet and the <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> motto <i>Ich dien</i> (I serve). Several Welsh representative teams, including the Welsh rugby union, and Welsh regiments in the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Welsh" title="Royal Welsh">Royal Welsh</a>, for example) use the badge or a stylised version of it. There have been attempts made to curtail the use of the emblem for commercial purposes and restrict its use to those authorised by the Prince of Wales.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The use of the emblem to symbolise Wales is controversial, such as <a href="/wiki/Campaign_to_change_the_WRU_logo" class="mw-redirect" title="Campaign to change the WRU logo">its use by the Welsh rugby union</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:02_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plants_and_animals">Plants and animals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_symbols_of_Wales&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Plants and animals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_of_Wales" title="Biodiversity of Wales">Biodiversity of Wales</a></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Poireaux.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Poireaux.JPG/150px-Poireaux.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Poireaux.JPG/225px-Poireaux.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Poireaux.JPG/300px-Poireaux.JPG 2x" data-file-width="511" data-file-height="682" /></a></span> </td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Leek_(vegetable)" class="mw-redirect" title="Leek (vegetable)">leek</a> is the national emblem of Wales.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to legend, King <a href="/wiki/Cadwaladr" title="Cadwaladr">Cadwaldr</a> of Gwynedd ordered Welsh soldiers to identify themselves by wearing the leek on their armour in an ancient battle.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Daffodills_(Narcissus)_-_25.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Daffodills_%28Narcissus%29_-_25.jpg/150px-Daffodills_%28Narcissus%29_-_25.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Daffodills_%28Narcissus%29_-_25.jpg/225px-Daffodills_%28Narcissus%29_-_25.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Daffodills_%28Narcissus%29_-_25.jpg/300px-Daffodills_%28Narcissus%29_-_25.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2720" data-file-height="2040" /></a></span> </td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Daffodil" class="mw-redirect" title="Daffodil">daffodil</a> is the <a href="/wiki/National_flower" class="mw-redirect" title="National flower">national flower</a> of Wales, worn on <a href="/wiki/St_David%27s_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="St David's Day">St David's Day</a> (1 March) in Wales. The daffodil may be known as <i><a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a>: <i lang="cy">cenhinen Bedr</i></i> (<a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Saint Peter</a>'s leek).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ch%C3%AAne_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Ch%C3%AAne_02.jpg/150px-Ch%C3%AAne_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Ch%C3%AAne_02.jpg/225px-Ch%C3%AAne_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Ch%C3%AAne_02.jpg/300px-Ch%C3%AAne_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span> </td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Sessile_Oak" class="mw-redirect" title="Sessile Oak">Sessile Oak</a>, also called the Welsh Oak is the <a href="/wiki/National_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="National tree">national tree</a> of Wales.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Milvus_milvus_R(ThKraft).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Milvus_milvus_R%28ThKraft%29.jpg/150px-Milvus_milvus_R%28ThKraft%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Milvus_milvus_R%28ThKraft%29.jpg/225px-Milvus_milvus_R%28ThKraft%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Milvus_milvus_R%28ThKraft%29.jpg/300px-Milvus_milvus_R%28ThKraft%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Red_kite" title="Red kite">red kite</a> is sometimes named as the national symbol of wildlife in Wales.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Welsh_Language">Welsh Language</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_symbols_of_Wales&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Welsh Language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh language</a> is considered a symbol and icon of Wales and considered a "cornerstone of Welsh identity". Spoken throughout Wales by around 750,000 people, it is present on television, radio, <a href="/wiki/Road_signs_in_Wales" title="Road signs in Wales">road signs and road markings</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Welsh_mottos">Welsh mottos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_symbols_of_Wales&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Welsh mottos"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>"<span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Cymru am byth</i></span>" ("Wales forever") is a popular Welsh motto.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"<span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Pleidiol Wyf i'm Gwlad</i></span>" ("I am true to my country"), taken from the <a href="/wiki/National_Anthem_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="National Anthem of Wales">National Anthem of Wales</a>, appears on the 2008 <a href="/wiki/Royal_Badge_of_Wales" title="Royal Badge of Wales">Royal Badge of Wales</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2008_badge_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008_badge-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Seal" title="Welsh Seal">Welsh Seal</a><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> used during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a> and on the edge of <a href="/wiki/%C2%A31" class="mw-redirect" title="£1">£1</a> coins that depict Welsh symbols.<sup id="cite_ref-Royal_Mint_£1_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Royal_Mint_£1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"<span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Y <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Dragon" title="Welsh Dragon">Ddraig Goch</a> Ddyry Cychwyn</i></span>" ("the <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Dragon" title="Welsh Dragon">red dragon</a> inspires action"<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> / "the red dragon shall lead")<sup id="cite_ref-Royal_Mint_£1_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Royal_Mint_£1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> appeared on the Royal Badge of Wales when it was created in 1953<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-2008_badge_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008_badge-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also appeared on £1 coins as the motto of <a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Royal_Mint_£1_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Royal_Mint_£1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music">Music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_symbols_of_Wales&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Wales" title="Music of Wales">Music of Wales</a></div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2007_Rugby_World_Cup_WAL-JPN_-_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/2007_Rugby_World_Cup_WAL-JPN_-_01.JPG/220px-2007_Rugby_World_Cup_WAL-JPN_-_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/2007_Rugby_World_Cup_WAL-JPN_-_01.JPG/330px-2007_Rugby_World_Cup_WAL-JPN_-_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/2007_Rugby_World_Cup_WAL-JPN_-_01.JPG/440px-2007_Rugby_World_Cup_WAL-JPN_-_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Hen Wlad fy Nhadau being sung at a Wales rugby game</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Hen_Wlad_Fy_Nhadau" title="Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau">Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau</a> is the traditional <a href="/wiki/National_anthem" title="National anthem">national anthem</a> of <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Anthem_genedlaethol2_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anthem_genedlaethol2-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The words were written by <a href="/wiki/Evan_James_(poet)" title="Evan James (poet)">Evan James</a> and the tune was composed by his son, <a href="/wiki/James_James" title="James James">James James</a>, both residents of <a href="/wiki/Pontypridd" title="Pontypridd">Pontypridd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glamorgan" title="Glamorgan">Glamorgan</a>, in January 1856.<sup id="cite_ref-Anthem_genedlaethol2_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anthem_genedlaethol2-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBC_Anthem2_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_Anthem2-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earliest written copy survives and is part of the collections of the <a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Wales" title="National Library of Wales">National Library of Wales</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_Anthem2_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_Anthem2-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Male voice choirs are considered a Welsh symbol. Traditional members of the movement include the Treorchy choir and the Morriston choir. More recently, the success Only Men Aloud has also played a part in continuing this tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Welsh harp, also known as the triple harp is considered to be the national instrument of Wales.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Art">Art</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_symbols_of_Wales&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Welsh_art" title="Welsh art">Welsh art</a></div> <p>The earliest known dated lovespoon from Wales, displayed in the <a href="/wiki/St_Fagans_National_History_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="St Fagans National History Museum">St Fagans National History Museum</a> near <a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a>, is from 1667, although the tradition is believed to date back long before that.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Costume">Costume</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_symbols_of_Wales&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Costume"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Welsh_costume" title="Traditional Welsh costume">Traditional Welsh costume</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Welsh_costumes,_Wales-LCCN2001703566.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Welsh_costumes%2C_Wales-LCCN2001703566.jpg/167px-Welsh_costumes%2C_Wales-LCCN2001703566.jpg" decoding="async" width="167" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Welsh_costumes%2C_Wales-LCCN2001703566.jpg/250px-Welsh_costumes%2C_Wales-LCCN2001703566.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Welsh_costumes%2C_Wales-LCCN2001703566.jpg/333px-Welsh_costumes%2C_Wales-LCCN2001703566.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2767" data-file-height="3702" /></a><figcaption>Welsh dress, 1905</figcaption></figure> <p>The unique <a href="/wiki/Welsh_hat" title="Welsh hat">Welsh hat</a>, which first made its appearance in the 1830s, was used as an icon of Wales from the 1840s.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From the 1880s, when the traditional costume had gone out of general use, selected elements of it became adopted as a national costume. From then on it was worn by women at events such as Royal visits, by choirs, at church and chapel, for photographs and occasionally at <a href="/wiki/Eisteddfodau" class="mw-redirect" title="Eisteddfodau">eisteddfodau</a>. It was first worn by girls as a celebration on <a href="/wiki/Saint_David%27s_Day" title="Saint David's Day">Saint David's Day</a> just before the First World War. The costume is now recognised as the <a href="/wiki/National_costume" class="mw-redirect" title="National costume">national dress</a> of Wales.<sup id="cite_ref-WAEoW_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WAEoW-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_symbols_of_Wales&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_cuisine" title="Welsh cuisine">Welsh cuisine</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_symbols_of_Wales&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cjld93x65kyo">https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cjld93x65kyo</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-47389680">"Wales history: Why is the red dragon on the Welsh flag?"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 6 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Wales+history%3A+Why+is+the+red+dragon+on+the+Welsh+flag%3F&rft.date=2019-07-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-wales-47389680&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+symbols+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The arms and flag have four squares alternating in gold and red (representing the Royal House of Aberffraw and iron, or Mars the god of War). Each square has a lion of the opposite colour. The lion is looking at the observer and has 3 paws on the ground and one raised high in the air ("passant guardant"); the tongue is stuck-out ("langued") and the claws outstretched claws ("armed"). Both are blue ("Azur". This represents primacy in Wales).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalesOnline2004" class="citation web cs1">WalesOnline (15 September 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/flying-flag-remember-glyndwr-2422875">"Flying the flag to remember Glyndwr"</a>. <i>WalesOnline</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WalesOnline&rft.atitle=Flying+the+flag+to+remember+Glyndwr&rft.date=2004-09-15&rft.au=WalesOnline&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.walesonline.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fwales-news%2Fflying-flag-remember-glyndwr-2422875&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+symbols+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/history/sites/themes/society/flag_owainglyndwr.shtml">"BBC Wales - History - Themes - Welsh flag: Banner of Owain Glyndwr"</a>. <i>www.bbc.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bbc.co.uk&rft.atitle=BBC+Wales+-+History+-+Themes+-+Welsh+flag%3A+Banner+of+Owain+Glyndwr&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fwales%2Fhistory%2Fsites%2Fthemes%2Fsociety%2Fflag_owainglyndwr.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+symbols+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/history/sites/themes/society/flag-st-david.shtml">"BBC - Wales - History - Themes - Flag of St David"</a>. <i>www.bbc.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bbc.co.uk&rft.atitle=BBC+-+Wales+-+History+-+Themes+-+Flag+of+St+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fwales%2Fhistory%2Fsites%2Fthemes%2Fsociety%2Fflag-st-david.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+symbols+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_UskThompson1904" class="citation book cs1">de Usk, Adam; Thompson, Edward Maunde (1904). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chroniconadaedeu00adamuoft/page/238/mode/2up"><i>Chronicon Adae de Usk, A.D. 1377–1421</i></a>. London : H. Frowde<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chronicon+Adae+de+Usk%2C+A.D.+1377%E2%80%931421&rft.pub=London+%3A+H.+Frowde&rft.date=1904&rft.aulast=de+Usk&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.au=Thompson%2C+Edward+Maunde&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fchroniconadaedeu00adamuoft%2Fpage%2F238%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+symbols+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamsay1892" class="citation book cs1">Ramsay, James H. (1892). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/scholarshistory04ramsgoog/page/42/mode/2up"><i>The scholar's history of England .</i></a> London: H. Milford<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+scholar%27s+history+of+England+..&rft.place=London&rft.pub=H.+Milford&rft.date=1892&rft.aulast=Ramsay&rft.aufirst=James+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fscholarshistory04ramsgoog%2Fpage%2F42%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+symbols+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.maryjones.us/jce/reddragon.html">"Red Dragon of Wales"</a>. <i>www.maryjones.us</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.maryjones.us&rft.atitle=Red+Dragon+of+Wales&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.maryjones.us%2Fjce%2Freddragon.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+symbols+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams1959" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Williams, Ifor (1959). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biography.wales/article/s-GWRT-HEY-0400">"Gwrtheyrn (Vortigern)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Welsh_Biography" title="Dictionary of Welsh Biography">Dictionary of Welsh Biography</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Wales" title="National Library of Wales">National Library of Wales</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Gwrtheyrn+%28Vortigern%29&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Welsh+Biography&rft.pub=National+Library+of+Wales&rft.date=1959&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Ifor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbiography.wales%2Farticle%2Fs-GWRT-HEY-0400&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+symbols+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Depicted in Cambridge Corpus Christi College Parker Library MS 16 II, fol. 170r (<i><a href="/wiki/Chronica_Majora" title="Chronica Majora">Chronica Majora</a></i>, c. 1250).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://museum.wales/collections/online/object/40b280a8-7e77-32c4-b272-0ff63d466cf6/Medieval-copper-alloy-armorial-mount/?field0=string&value0=glyndwr&field1=with_images&value1=1&index=3">"Medieval copper alloy armorial mount"</a>. <i>Museum Wales</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wales&rft.atitle=Celebrating+the+Welsh+harp+and+our+traditional+Celtic+folk+roots&rft.date=2022-08-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wales.com%2Fabout%2Fculture%2Fwelsh-harp-our-national-instrument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+symbols+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaviesJenkinsMennaLynch2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Davies_(historian)" title="John Davies (historian)">Davies, John</a>; <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Jenkins" title="Nigel Jenkins">Jenkins, Nigel</a>; Menna, Baines; Lynch, Peredur I., eds. (2008). <i>The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales</i>. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. p. 523. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7083-1953-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7083-1953-6"><bdi>978-0-7083-1953-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Welsh+Academy+Encyclopaedia+of+Wales&rft.place=Cardiff&rft.pages=523&rft.pub=University+of+Wales+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-7083-1953-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+symbols+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Christine Stevens, 'Welsh Peasant Dress – Workwear or National Costume', <i><a href="/wiki/Textile_History" title="Textile History">Textile History</a> 33, 63–78 (2002)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WAEoW-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WAEoW_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaviesJenkins,_Nigel2008" class="citation book cs1">Davies, John; Jenkins, Nigel (2008). <i>The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales</i>. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. pp. 931–932. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7083-1953-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7083-1953-6"><bdi>978-0-7083-1953-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Welsh+Academy+Encyclopaedia+of+Wales&rft.place=Cardiff&rft.pages=931-932&rft.pub=University+of+Wales+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-7083-1953-6&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Jenkins%2C+Nigel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+symbols+of+Wales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wales_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wales_topics" title="Template:Wales topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wales_topics" title="Template talk:Wales topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wales_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wales topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wales_articles" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Wales" title="Outline of Wales">List of topics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Wales" title="History of Wales">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Welsh_history" title="Timeline of Welsh history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Welsh_history" title="Bibliography of Welsh history">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Wales" title="Prehistoric Wales">Prehistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_in_the_Roman_era" title="Wales in the Roman era">Roman Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Anglo-Welsh_wars" title="List of Anglo-Welsh wars">Anglo-Welsh Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_in_the_early_Middle_Ages" class="mw-redirect" title="Wales in the early Middle Ages">Early Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Gwynedd" title="Kingdom of Gwynedd">Kingdom of Gwynedd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Powys" title="Kingdom of Powys">Kingdom of Powys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deheubarth" title="Deheubarth">Deheubarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyfraith_Hywel" title="Cyfraith Hywel">Medieval Welsh law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_invasion_of_Wales" title="Norman invasion of Wales">Norman invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Wales_by_Edward_I" title="Conquest of Wales by Edward I">Edwardian conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_in_the_late_Middle_Ages" class="mw-redirect" title="Wales in the late Middle Ages">Late Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statute_of_Rhuddlan" title="Statute of Rhuddlan">Statute of Rhuddlan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glynd%C5%B5r_rebellion" title="Glyndŵr rebellion">Glyndŵr rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laws_in_Wales_Acts_1535_and_1542" title="Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542">Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_settlement_in_the_Americas" title="Welsh settlement in the Americas">Colonies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Wales" title="Geography of Wales">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_of_Wales" title="Biodiversity of Wales">Biodiversity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Wales" title="Fauna of Wales">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Wales" title="Flora of Wales">Flora</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Wales" title="Climate of Wales">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Wales" title="Geology of Wales">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Wales" title="List of islands of Wales">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Wales" title="List of lakes of Wales">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_mountains_and_hills_in_the_British_Isles" title="Lists of mountains and hills in the British Isles">Mountains and hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Wales" title="Protected areas of Wales">Protected areas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_parks_of_Wales" title="National parks of Wales">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Areas_of_Outstanding_Natural_Beauty_in_Wales" title="Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty in Wales">AONBs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Wales" title="List of rivers of Wales">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/England%E2%80%93Wales_border" title="England–Wales border">Wales–England border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_waterfalls_in_Wales" title="List of waterfalls in Wales">Waterfalls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Wales" title="Politics of Wales">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government" title="Welsh Government">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Wales" title="Politics of Wales">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_devolution" title="Welsh devolution">Devolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Wales" title="Elections in Wales">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Wales" title="First Minister of Wales">First Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government" title="Welsh Government">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Wales" title="Local government in Wales">Local government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_local_government_in_Wales" title="History of local government in Wales">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Wales" title="List of cities in Wales">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayors_in_Wales" title="Mayors in Wales">Mayors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_in_Wales" title="List of rulers in Wales">Local rulers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_nationalism" title="Welsh nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Wales" title="List of political parties in Wales">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_republicanism" title="Welsh republicanism">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Wales" title="Secretary of State for Wales">Secretary of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senedd" title="Senedd">Senedd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Wales" title="Unionism in Wales">Unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_Office" title="Wales Office">Wales Office</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_law" title="Welsh law">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Counsel_General_for_Wales" title="Counsel General for Wales">Counsel General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courts_of_England_and_Wales" title="Courts of England and Wales">Courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_law" title="Welsh law">Modern Welsh law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_forces_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Police forces of Wales">Police forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_forces_in_Wales" title="Armed forces in Wales">British Armed Forces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Wales" title="Economy of Wales">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Wales" title="Agriculture in Wales">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_and_finance_in_Wales" title="Banking and finance in Wales">Banking and finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coal_industry_in_Wales" title="Coal industry in Wales">Coal mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Wales" title="List of companies of Wales">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_Wales" title="Forestry in Wales">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_and_construction_in_Wales" title="Housing and construction in Wales">Housing and construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_Wales" title="List of power stations in Wales">Power stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slate_industry_in_Wales" title="Slate industry in Wales">Slate quarrying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Wales" title="Tourism in Wales">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Wales" title="Transport in Wales">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Wales" title="Category:Society of Wales">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Wales" title="Culture of Wales">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_art" title="Welsh art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Wales" title="List of castles in Wales">Castles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Wales" title="Education in Wales">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisteddfod" title="Eisteddfod">Eisteddfod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorsedd_Cymru" title="Gorsedd Cymru">Gorsedd Cymru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh-language_literature" title="Welsh-language literature">Literature in Welsh</a> / <a href="/wiki/Welsh_literature_in_English" title="Welsh literature in English">in English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Wales" title="Media of Wales">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Wales" title="Music of Wales">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Wales" title="List of museums in Wales">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_scheduled_monuments_in_Wales" title="Lists of scheduled monuments in Wales">Scheduled monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Wales" title="Sport in Wales">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Wales" title="Theatre of Wales">Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Wales" title="Demographics of Wales">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Wales" title="Languages of Wales">Languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Wales" title="Languages of Wales">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_English" title="Welsh English">Welsh English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Sign_Language" title="British Sign Language">British Sign Language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_people" title="Welsh people">People</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_people" title="List of Welsh people">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_people#Actors" title="List of Welsh people">Actors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_Americans" title="List of Welsh Americans">Welsh Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_architects" title="List of Welsh architects">Architects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_artists" title="List of Welsh artists">Artists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_women_artists_associated_with_Wales" title="List of women artists associated with Wales">Women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_inventors" title="List of Welsh inventors">Inventors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_musicians" title="List of Welsh musicians">Musicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh-language_poets_(6th_century_to_c._1600)" title="List of Welsh-language poets (6th century to c. 1600)">Poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_people#Monarchs_and_princes" title="List of Welsh people">Royalty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_scientists" title="List of Welsh scientists">Scientists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_women" title="List of Welsh women">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_writers" title="List of Welsh writers">Writers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh-language_authors" title="List of Welsh-language authors">in Welsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_women_writers" title="List of Welsh women writers">Women</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Wales" title="Health in Wales">Health</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Wales" title="Healthcare in Wales">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHS_Wales" title="NHS Wales">Healthcare service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_health_board" title="Local health board">Boards</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Wales" title="Religion in Wales">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Wales" title="Christianity in Wales">Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_in_Wales" title="Church in Wales">Anglicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_England_and_Wales" title="Catholic Church in England and Wales">Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_Wales" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Wales">Mormonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_Wales" title="Presbyterian Church of Wales">Presbyterianism</a></li></ul></li> <li>Non-Christian belief systems <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith_in_Wales" title="Baháʼí Faith in Wales">Bahá'ís</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Wales" title="Buddhism in Wales">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Wales" title="Hinduism in Wales">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Wales" title="Islam in Wales">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Wales" title="History of the Jews in Wales">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Druidry_(modern)" title="Druidry (modern)">Druidry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Wales" title="Sikhism in Wales">Sikhism</a></li></ul></li> <li>History <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_David" title="Saint David">Saint David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Methodist_revival" title="Welsh Methodist revival">Welsh Methodist revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904%E2%80%931905_Welsh_revival" title="1904–1905 Welsh revival">1904–1905 Welsh revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Church_Act_1914" title="Welsh Church Act 1914">Welsh Church Act 1914</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hen_Wlad_Fy_Nhadau" title="Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_flags" title="List of Welsh flags">Flags</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Wales" title="Flag of Wales">national flag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers" title="Prince of Wales's feathers">Prince of Wales's feathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Badge_of_Wales" title="Royal Badge of Wales">Royal Badge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Dragon" title="Welsh Dragon">Welsh Dragon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/32px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/48px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/64px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Wales" title="Portal:Wales">Wales portal</a></i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Symbols_of_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Europe_topic" title="Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Europe_topic" title="Template talk:Europe topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Europe_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Symbols_of_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Europe" title="Symbols of Europe">Symbols of Europe </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Andorra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Andorra (page does not exist)">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Austria (page does not exist)">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Azerbaijan" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Belarus" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Cyprus (page does not exist)">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Denmark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Denmark (page does not exist)">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Estonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Georgia_(country)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Georgia (country) (page does not exist)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Greece&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Greece (page does not exist)">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Iceland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Iceland (page does not exist)">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Kazakhstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Kazakhstan (page does not exist)">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Liechtenstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Liechtenstein (page does not exist)">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Lithuania" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Luxembourg" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Moldova" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Monaco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Monaco (page does not exist)">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_North_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Norway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Norway (page does not exist)">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_San_Marino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of San Marino (page does not exist)">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Slovakia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Slovakia (page does not exist)">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Slovenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Sweden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Sweden (page does not exist)">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Switzerland" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Turkey (page does not exist)">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Transnistria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Transnistria (page does not exist)">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_%C3%85land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Åland (page does not exist)">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_the_Faroe_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of the Faroe Islands (page does not exist)">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Gibraltar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Gibraltar (page does not exist)">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Guernsey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Guernsey (page does not exist)">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_the_Isle_of_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Jersey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Jersey (page does not exist)">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_Svalbard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of Svalbard (page does not exist)">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_the_European_Union" title="Symbols of the European Union">European Union</a></li></ul> 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