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id="toc-Geographic_definition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Subregions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subregions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Subregions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subregions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Outlying_areas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outlying_areas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Outlying areas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outlying_areas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Natural_geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natural_geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Natural geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Natural_geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Natural geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Natural_geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate_and_agriculture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate_and_agriculture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate and agriculture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate_and_agriculture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Geology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wildlife" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wildlife"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Wildlife</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wildlife-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_metropolitan_areas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_metropolitan_areas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Major metropolitan areas</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Major_metropolitan_areas-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Major metropolitan areas subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Major_metropolitan_areas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Other_population_centers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_population_centers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Other population centers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_population_centers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Health</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Further reading subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Surveys" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Surveys"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.1</span> <span>Surveys</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Surveys-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.3</span> <span>Environment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historiography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historiography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.4</span> <span>Historiography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historiography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Labor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Labor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.5</span> <span>Labor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Labor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.6</span> <span>Military history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mythic_West" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mythic_West"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.7</span> <span>Mythic West</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mythic_West-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Native_Americans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Native_Americans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.8</span> <span>Native Americans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Native_Americans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.9</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.10</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.11</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.12</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Urban_West" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urban_West"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.13</span> <span>Urban West</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urban_West-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Western United States</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 46 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">46 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="غرب الولايات المتحدة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غرب الولايات المتحدة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oeste_d%27Estaos_Xun%C3%ADos" title="Oeste d'Estaos Xuníos – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Oeste d'Estaos Xuníos" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="غربی آمریکا بیرلشمیش ایالتلری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="غربی آمریکا بیرلشمیش ایالتلری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%97%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Захад ЗША – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Захад ЗША" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4_(%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%A9)" title="Запад (САЩ) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Запад (САЩ)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oest_dels_Estats_Units" title="Oest dels Estats Units – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Oest dels Estats Units" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1pad_Spojen%C3%BDch_st%C3%A1t%C5%AF_americk%C3%BDch" title="Západ Spojených států amerických – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Západ Spojených států amerických" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestlige_USA" title="Vestlige USA – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Vestlige USA" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westen_der_Vereinigten_Staaten" title="Westen der Vereinigten Staaten – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Westen der Vereinigten Staaten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oeste_de_Estados_Unidos" title="Oeste de Estados Unidos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Oeste de Estados Unidos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okcidenta_Usono" title="Okcidenta Usono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Okcidenta Usono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mendebaldeko_Estatu_Batuak" title="Mendebaldeko Estatu Batuak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mendebaldeko Estatu Batuak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="غرب ایالات متحده آمریکا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="غرب ایالات متحده آمریکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ouest_am%C3%A9ricain" title="Ouest américain – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ouest américain" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EC%84%9C%EB%B6%80" title="미국 서부 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미국 서부" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%84%D5%86-%D5%AB_%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%87%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BF%D6%84" title="ԱՄՆ-ի արևմուտք – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="ԱՄՆ-ի արևմուտք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="पश्चिमी संयुक्त राज्य – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पश्चिमी संयुक्त राज्य" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerika_Serikat_Barat" title="Amerika Serikat Barat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Amerika Serikat Barat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stati_Uniti_d%27America_occidentali" title="Stati Uniti d'America occidentali – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Stati Uniti d'America occidentali" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מערב ארצות הברית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מערב ארצות הברית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civitates_Foederatae_Occidentales" title="Civitates Foederatae Occidentales – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Civitates Foederatae Occidentales" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyugat-Egyes%C3%BClt_%C3%81llamok" title="Nyugat-Egyesült Államok – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nyugat-Egyesült Államok" 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title="Westelijke Verenigde Staten – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Westelijke Verenigde Staten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%90%88%E8%A1%86%E5%9B%BD%E8%A5%BF%E9%83%A8" title="アメリカ合衆国西部 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アメリカ合衆国西部" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%DB%81" title="مغربی ریاستہائے متحدہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مغربی ریاستہائے متحدہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zach%C3%B3d_Stan%C3%B3w_Zjednoczonych" title="Zachód Stanów Zjednoczonych – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zachód Stanów Zjednoczonych" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regi%C3%A3o_Oeste_(Estados_Unidos)" title="Região Oeste (Estados Unidos) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Região Oeste (Estados Unidos)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestul_Statelor_Unite" title="Vestul Statelor Unite – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Vestul Statelor Unite" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Запад США – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Запад США" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istados_Unidos_de_Am%C3%A8rica_Otzidentales" title="Istados Unidos de Amèrica Otzidentales – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Istados Unidos de Amèrica Otzidentales" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_United_States" title="Western United States – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Western United States" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1pad_(USA)" title="Západ (USA) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Západ (USA)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%DB%86%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95_%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%88%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ڕۆژاوای ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان – 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Western_United_States&params=40_N_113_W_region:US_dim:1000km"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°N</span> <span class="longitude">113°W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40°N 113°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40; -113</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">One of the four census regions of the US</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"American West" redirects here. For the similarly named airline, see <a href="/wiki/America_West_Airlines" title="America West Airlines">America West Airlines</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Western territories" redirects here. For the part of Poland, see <a href="/wiki/Recovered_Territories" title="Recovered Territories">Recovered Territories</a>. For the western territories of other countries and continents, see <a href="/wiki/West_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="West (disambiguation)">West (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"West of the Rockies" redirects here. For the 1929 American western silent film, see <a href="/wiki/West_of_the_Rockies_(film)" title="West of the Rockies (film)"><i>West of the Rockies</i> (film)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Region in the United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Western United States</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name">American West, Far West, the West</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Region" title="Region">Region</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse;border:0px solid black;width:280px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:2px 0 0 2px"><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Los_Angeles_with_Mount_Baldy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Los_Angeles_with_Mount_Baldy.jpg/280px-Los_Angeles_with_Mount_Baldy.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Los_Angeles_with_Mount_Baldy.jpg/420px-Los_Angeles_with_Mount_Baldy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Los_Angeles_with_Mount_Baldy.jpg/560px-Los_Angeles_with_Mount_Baldy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8267" data-file-height="3873" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grandcanyon_view2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Grandcanyon_view2.jpg/139px-Grandcanyon_view2.jpg" decoding="async" width="139" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Grandcanyon_view2.jpg/209px-Grandcanyon_view2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Grandcanyon_view2.jpg/278px-Grandcanyon_view2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gibbon_River_at_Madison_in_Yellowstone.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Gibbon_River_at_Madison_in_Yellowstone.JPG/139px-Gibbon_River_at_Madison_in_Yellowstone.JPG" decoding="async" width="139" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Gibbon_River_at_Madison_in_Yellowstone.JPG/209px-Gibbon_River_at_Madison_in_Yellowstone.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Gibbon_River_at_Madison_in_Yellowstone.JPG/278px-Gibbon_River_at_Madison_in_Yellowstone.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:June_2013_boise_downtown_panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/June_2013_boise_downtown_panorama.jpg/280px-June_2013_boise_downtown_panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/June_2013_boise_downtown_panorama.jpg/420px-June_2013_boise_downtown_panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/June_2013_boise_downtown_panorama.jpg/560px-June_2013_boise_downtown_panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7993" data-file-height="1765" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Angels_Landing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Angels_Landing.jpg/139px-Angels_Landing.jpg" decoding="async" width="139" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Angels_Landing.jpg/209px-Angels_Landing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Angels_Landing.jpg/278px-Angels_Landing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mt_Rainier_peaks.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Mt_Rainier_peaks.JPG/139px-Mt_Rainier_peaks.JPG" decoding="async" width="139" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Mt_Rainier_peaks.JPG/209px-Mt_Rainier_peaks.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Mt_Rainier_peaks.JPG/278px-Mt_Rainier_peaks.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_Seattle_skyline_from_Kerry_Park_-_October_2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Downtown_Seattle_skyline_from_Kerry_Park_-_October_2019.jpg/280px-Downtown_Seattle_skyline_from_Kerry_Park_-_October_2019.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Downtown_Seattle_skyline_from_Kerry_Park_-_October_2019.jpg/420px-Downtown_Seattle_skyline_from_Kerry_Park_-_October_2019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Downtown_Seattle_skyline_from_Kerry_Park_-_October_2019.jpg/560px-Downtown_Seattle_skyline_from_Kerry_Park_-_October_2019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5797" data-file-height="2292" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div style="font-size:95%">Left-right from top: <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> skyline, the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Canyon" title="Grand Canyon">Grand Canyon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yellowstone_National_Park" title="Yellowstone National Park">Yellowstone National Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boise" class="mw-redirect" title="Boise">Boise</a> skyline, <a href="/wiki/Angel%27s_Landing" class="mw-redirect" title="Angel's Landing">Angel's Landing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mt._Rainier" class="mw-redirect" title="Mt. Rainier">Mt. Rainier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a> skyline</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_the_U.S.,_highlighting_the_West.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="This map reflects the Western United States as defined by the Census Bureau. This region is divided into Mountain and Pacific areas.[1]"><img alt="This map reflects the Western United States as defined by the Census Bureau. This region is divided into Mountain and Pacific areas.[1]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Map_of_the_U.S.%2C_highlighting_the_West.svg/250px-Map_of_the_U.S.%2C_highlighting_the_West.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Map_of_the_U.S.%2C_highlighting_the_West.svg/375px-Map_of_the_U.S.%2C_highlighting_the_West.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Map_of_the_U.S.%2C_highlighting_the_West.svg/500px-Map_of_the_U.S.%2C_highlighting_the_West.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="959" data-file-height="593" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">This map reflects the Western United States as defined by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">Census Bureau</a>. This region is divided into Mountain and Pacific areas.<sup id="cite_ref-CensusRegionsMap_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CensusRegionsMap-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Subregions</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_states" title="Mountain states">Mountain states</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_United_States" title="Northwestern United States">Northwestern United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">Pacific states</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwestern United States</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">States</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a>, <a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul></div> as defined by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">Census Bureau</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CensusRegionsMap_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CensusRegionsMap-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Regional definitions may vary slightly from source to source.</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-20177766775_ggfghhnnyyhhnnjuuijjyyknnbbnnnjii9jmnhijj0census_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20177766775_ggfghhnnyyhhnnjuuijjyyknnbbnnnjii9jmnhijj0census-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,873,251.63 sq mi (4,851,699.4 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">1,751,053.31 sq mi (4,535,207.3 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(<a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 United States Census">2020</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Census2020_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">78,588,572</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">42/sq mi (16/km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Westerner</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">GDP (nominal)<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data">$5.619 trillion (2019)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • per capita</th><td class="infobox-data">$71,719 (2019)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Western United States</b> (also called the <b>American West</b>, the <b>Western States</b>, the <b>Far West</b>, the <b>Western territories</b>, and <b>the West</b>) is <span data-darkreader-inline-color="" data-darkreader-inline-bgcolor="">one of the four </span><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States" title="List of regions of the United States">census regions</a> <span data-darkreader-inline-color="" data-darkreader-inline-bgcolor="">defined by the </span><a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a><span data-darkreader-inline-color="" data-darkreader-inline-bgcolor="">.</span> </p><p>As American settlement in the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Manifest_destiny" title="Manifest destiny">expanded westward</a>, the meaning of the term <i>the West</i> changed. Before around 1800, the crest of the <a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachian Mountains</a> was seen as the <a href="/wiki/American_frontier" title="American frontier">western frontier</a>. The frontier moved westward and eventually the lands west of the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a> were considered <i>the West</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The U.S. Census Bureau's definition of the 13 westernmost states includes the <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Great_Basin" title="Great Basin">Great Basin</a> to the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">Pacific Coast</a>, and the mid-Pacific islands state, Hawaii. To the east of the Western United States is the <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern United States</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> to the north and <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> to the south. </p><p>The West contains several major <a href="/wiki/Biome" title="Biome">biomes</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Arid" class="mw-redirect" title="Arid">arid</a> and <a href="/wiki/Semi-arid_climate" title="Semi-arid climate">semi-arid</a> <a href="/wiki/Plateau" title="Plateau">plateaus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Plain" title="Plain">plains</a>, particularly in the <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">American Southwest</a>; <a href="/wiki/Forest" title="Forest">forested</a> <a href="/wiki/Mountain" title="Mountain">mountains</a>, including three major ranges, the <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Nevada" title="Sierra Nevada">Sierra Nevada</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Cascade_Range" title="Cascade Range">Cascades</a>, and Rocky Mountains; the long <a href="/wiki/Beach" title="Beach">coastal</a> <a href="/wiki/Shoreline" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoreline">shoreline</a> of the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">American Pacific Coast</a>; and the <a href="/wiki/Rainforest" title="Rainforest">rainforests</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest" title="Pacific Northwest">Pacific Northwest</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geographic_definition">Geographic definition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geographic definition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/American_frontier" title="American frontier">American frontier</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HerdQuit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/HerdQuit.jpg/220px-HerdQuit.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/HerdQuit.jpg/330px-HerdQuit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/HerdQuit.jpg/440px-HerdQuit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1812" data-file-height="1137" /></a><figcaption>While the West is defined by many occupations, the American <a href="/wiki/Cowboy" title="Cowboy">cowboy</a> is often used as an icon of the region, here portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Marion_Russell" title="Charles Marion Russell">C. M. Russell</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monument_Valley_road.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Monument_Valley_road.jpg/220px-Monument_Valley_road.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Monument_Valley_road.jpg/330px-Monument_Valley_road.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Monument_Valley_road.jpg/440px-Monument_Valley_road.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2391" /></a><figcaption>The West, as the most recently settled part of the United States, is often known for broad highways and open space. Pictured is a road in Utah to <a href="/wiki/Monument_Valley" title="Monument Valley">Monument Valley</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Navajo_Nation" title="Navajo Nation">Navajo Nation</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Western United States is the largest region of the country, covering nearly half the land area of the contiguous <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. It is also the most geographically diverse, incorporating geographic regions such as the <a href="/wiki/Temperate_rainforest" title="Temperate rainforest">temperate rainforests</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest" title="Pacific Northwest">Northwest</a>, the highest mountain ranges, including the <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Nevada_(U.S.)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sierra Nevada (U.S.)">Sierra Nevada</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Cascade_Range" title="Cascade Range">Cascade Range</a>, numerous <a href="/wiki/List_of_glaciers_in_the_United_States" title="List of glaciers in the United States">glaciers</a>, and the western edge of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a>. It also contains the majority of the desert areas located in the United States. The <a href="/wiki/Mojave_Desert" title="Mojave Desert">Mojave</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Great_Basin_Desert" title="Great Basin Desert">Great Basin</a> deserts lie entirely within the Western region, along with parts of the <a href="/wiki/Sonoran_Desert" title="Sonoran Desert">Sonoran</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chihuahuan_Desert" title="Chihuahuan Desert">Chihuahuan</a> deserts (the latter extends significantly into Texas, while both extend into <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>). Given this expansive and diverse geography it is no wonder that the region is difficult to define precisely. Sensing a possible shift in the popular understanding of the West as a region in the early 1990s, historian Walter Nugent conducted a survey of three groups of professionals with ties to the region: a large group of Western historians (187 respondents), and two smaller groups, 25 journalists and publishers and 39 Western authors.<sup id="cite_ref-Nugent1992_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nugent1992-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A majority of the historian respondents placed the eastern boundary of the West east of the Census definition out on the eastern edge of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a> or on the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>. The survey respondents as a whole showed just how little agreement there was on the boundaries of the West. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subregions">Subregions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Subregions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The region is split into two smaller units or divisions, by the U.S. Census Bureau:<sup id="cite_ref-CensusRegionsMap_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CensusRegionsMap-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Mountain_states" title="Mountain states">Mountain states</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a>, <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">Pacific states</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a></dd></dl> <p>Other classifications distinguish between <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwest</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_United_States" title="Northwestern United States">Northwest</a>. Arizona, New Mexico, <a href="/wiki/West_Texas" title="West Texas">West Texas</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_panhandle" title="Oklahoma panhandle">Oklahoma panhandle</a> are typically considered to be the Southwest states. Meanwhile, the states of Montana, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington can be considered part of the Northwest or <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest" title="Pacific Northwest">Pacific Northwest</a>. </p><p>The term <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a> is commonly used to refer to just California, Oregon, Washington, and Alaska, whereas Hawaii is more geographically isolated from the <a href="/wiki/Continental_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Continental America">continental U.S.</a> and does not necessarily fit in any of these <a href="/wiki/Subregion" title="Subregion">subregions</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_and_territories_of_the_United_States" title="List of states and territories of the United States">State</a> </th> <th>2020 Census<sup id="cite_ref-Census2020_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2010 Census<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Change </th> <th>Area<br /><sup id="cite_ref-20177766775_ggfghhnnyyhhnnjuuijjyyknnbbnnnjii9jmnhijj0census_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20177766775_ggfghhnnyyhhnnjuuijjyyknnbbnnnjii9jmnhijj0census-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Density </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arizona.svg/23px-Flag_of_Arizona.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arizona.svg/35px-Flag_of_Arizona.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arizona.svg/45px-Flag_of_Arizona.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7,151,502 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6,392,017 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7001118800000000000♠"></span><span style="color:green">+11.88%</span> </td> <td>113,594.08 sq mi (294,207.3 km<sup>2</sup>) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7001629566435152254♠"></span>63/sq mi (24/km<sup>2</sup>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Colorado.svg/23px-Flag_of_Colorado.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Colorado.svg/35px-Flag_of_Colorado.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Colorado.svg/45px-Flag_of_Colorado.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5,773,714 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5,029,196 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7001148000000000000♠"></span><span style="color:green">+14.80%</span> </td> <td>103,641.89 sq mi (268,431.3 km<sup>2</sup>) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7001557083048176755♠"></span>56/sq mi (22/km<sup>2</sup>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Utah.svg/23px-Flag_of_Utah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Utah.svg/35px-Flag_of_Utah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Utah.svg/46px-Flag_of_Utah.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="432" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,271,616 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,763,885 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7001183700000000000♠"></span><span style="color:green">+18.37%</span> </td> <td>82,169.62 sq mi (212,818.3 km<sup>2</sup>) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7001398153964932538♠"></span>40/sq mi (15/km<sup>2</sup>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Flag_of_Nevada.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nevada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Flag_of_Nevada.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nevada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Flag_of_Nevada.svg/45px-Flag_of_Nevada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,104,614 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,700,551 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7001149600000000000♠"></span><span style="color:green">+14.96%</span> </td> <td>109,781.18 sq mi (284,332.0 km<sup>2</sup>) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7001282800203094920♠"></span>28/sq mi (11/km<sup>2</sup>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_New_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_New_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_New_Mexico.svg/45px-Flag_of_New_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,117,522 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,059,179 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7000283000000000000♠"></span><span style="color:green">+2.83%</span> </td> <td>121,298.15 sq mi (314,160.8 km<sup>2</sup>) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7001174571664942952♠"></span>17/sq mi (7/km<sup>2</sup>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Idaho.svg/19px-Flag_of_Idaho.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Idaho.svg/29px-Flag_of_Idaho.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Idaho.svg/38px-Flag_of_Idaho.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3168" data-file-height="2496" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,839,106 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,567,582 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7001173200000000000♠"></span><span style="color:green">+17.32%</span> </td> <td>82,643.12 sq mi (214,044.7 km<sup>2</sup>) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7001222535886834863♠"></span>22/sq mi (9/km<sup>2</sup>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_Montana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_Montana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_Montana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Montana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,084,225 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">989,415 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7000958000000000000♠"></span><span style="color:green">+9.58%</span> </td> <td>145,545.80 sq mi (376,961.9 km<sup>2</sup>) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7000744937332441059♠"></span>7/sq mi (3/km<sup>2</sup>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Wyoming.svg/22px-Flag_of_Wyoming.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Wyoming.svg/33px-Flag_of_Wyoming.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Wyoming.svg/43px-Flag_of_Wyoming.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">576,851 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">563,626 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7000235000000000000♠"></span><span style="color:green">+2.35%</span> </td> <td>97,093.14 sq mi (251,470.1 km<sup>2</sup>) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7000594121273655378♠"></span>6/sq mi (2/km<sup>2</sup>) </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom" style="background:#fbfbbb"> <td><b>Mountain</b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;background-color:#fbfbbb;">24,919,150 </td> <td style="text-align:right;background-color:#fbfbbb;">22,065,451 </td> <td style="text-align:right;background-color:#fbfbbb;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7001129300000000000♠"></span><span style="color:green">+12.93%</span> </td> <td>855,766.98 sq mi (2,216,426.3 km<sup>2</sup>) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7001291190833280339♠"></span>29/sq mi (11/km<sup>2</sup>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/23px-Flag_of_California.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/35px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/45px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">39,538,223 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">37,254,523 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7000613000000000000♠"></span><span style="color:green">+6.13%</span> </td> <td>155,779.22 sq mi (403,466.3 km<sup>2</sup>) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7002253809352749359♠"></span>254/sq mi (98/km<sup>2</sup>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Flag_of_Washington.svg/23px-Flag_of_Washington.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Flag_of_Washington.svg/35px-Flag_of_Washington.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Flag_of_Washington.svg/46px-Flag_of_Washington.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1106" data-file-height="658" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7,705,281 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6,724,540 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7001145800000000000♠"></span><span style="color:green">+14.58%</span> </td> <td>66,455.52 sq mi (172,119.0 km<sup>2</sup>) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7002115946440566562♠"></span>116/sq mi (45/km<sup>2</sup>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Oregon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oregon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Oregon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oregon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Oregon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Oregon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4,237,256 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,831,074 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7001106000000000000♠"></span><span style="color:green">+10.60%</span> </td> <td>95,988.01 sq mi (248,607.8 km<sup>2</sup>) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7001441435966846275♠"></span>44/sq mi (17/km<sup>2</sup>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,455,271 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,360,301 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7000698000000000000♠"></span><span style="color:green">+6.98%</span> </td> <td>6,422.63 sq mi (16,634.5 km<sup>2</sup>) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7002226584903692101♠"></span>227/sq mi (87/km<sup>2</sup>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Alaska.svg/21px-Flag_of_Alaska.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Alaska.svg/33px-Flag_of_Alaska.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Alaska.svg/43px-Flag_of_Alaska.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1416" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">733,391 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">710,231 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7000326000000000000♠"></span><span style="color:green">+3.26%</span> </td> <td>570,640.95 sq mi (1,477,953.3 km<sup>2</sup>) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7000128520569720767♠"></span>1/sq mi (0/km<sup>2</sup>) </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom" style="background:#fbfbbb"> <td><b>Pacific</b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;background-color:#fbfbbb;">53,669,422 </td> <td style="text-align:right;background-color:#fbfbbb;">49,880,669 </td> <td style="text-align:right;background-color:#fbfbbb;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7000760000000000000♠"></span><span style="color:green">+7.60%</span> </td> <td>895,286.33 sq mi (2,318,781.0 km<sup>2</sup>) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7001599466563953902♠"></span>60/sq mi (23/km<sup>2</sup>) </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom" style="background:#fbfbbb"> <td><b>West</b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;background-color:#fbfbbb;">78,588,572 </td> <td style="text-align:right;background-color:#fbfbbb;">71,946,120 </td> <td style="text-align:right;background-color:#fbfbbb;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7000923000000000000♠"></span><span style="color:green">+9.23%</span> </td> <td>1,751,053.31 sq mi (4,535,207.3 km<sup>2</sup>) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7001448807420945967♠"></span>45/sq mi (17/km<sup>2</sup>) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Outlying_areas">Outlying areas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Outlying areas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ofu_Beach_American_Samoa_US_National_Park_Service.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Ofu_Beach_American_Samoa_US_National_Park_Service.jpg/225px-Ofu_Beach_American_Samoa_US_National_Park_Service.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Ofu_Beach_American_Samoa_US_National_Park_Service.jpg/338px-Ofu_Beach_American_Samoa_US_National_Park_Service.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Ofu_Beach_American_Samoa_US_National_Park_Service.jpg/450px-Ofu_Beach_American_Samoa_US_National_Park_Service.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Ofu Beach on <a href="/wiki/Ofu-Olosega" title="Ofu-Olosega">Ofu Island</a> in <a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The three inhabited <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific</a> <a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">U.S. territories</a> (<a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a>) are sometimes considered part of the Western United States. American Samoa is in <a href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesia</a> in the <a href="/wiki/South_Pacific_Ocean" class="mw-redirect" title="South Pacific Ocean">South Pacific Ocean</a>, while Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands are in the <a href="/wiki/Mariana_Islands" title="Mariana Islands">Mariana Islands</a> in the western <a href="/wiki/North_Pacific_Ocean" class="mw-redirect" title="North Pacific Ocean">North Pacific Ocean</a>. Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands have district courts within the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">9th Circuit</a>, which includes western states such as California and Nevada.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (See <a href="/wiki/District_Court_of_Guam" title="District Court of Guam">District Court of Guam</a> and <a href="/wiki/District_Court_for_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="District Court for the Northern Mariana Islands">District Court for the Northern Mariana Islands</a>). American Samoa, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands are also considered part of the western U.S. by the <a href="/wiki/U.S._National_Park_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. National Park Service">U.S. National Park Service</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Bank" title="Federal Reserve Bank">Federal Reserve Bank</a> system,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/FEMA" class="mw-redirect" title="FEMA">FEMA</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">USGS</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">Territory</a> </th> <th>2020 Population<br />Estimate<br /><sup id="cite_ref-AS_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AS-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GU_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GU-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MP_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MP-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2010 Census<br /> population<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Change </th> <th>Area<br /><sup id="cite_ref-AS_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AS-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GU_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GU-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MP_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MP-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Density </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_American_Samoa.svg/23px-Flag_of_American_Samoa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_American_Samoa.svg/35px-Flag_of_American_Samoa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_American_Samoa.svg/46px-Flag_of_American_Samoa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">49,437 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">55,519 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="2998890500000000000♠"></span><span style="color:red">−10.95%</span> </td> <td>224 km<sup>2</sup> (86 sq mi) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7002220700892857142♠"></span>221/km<sup>2</sup> (572/sq mi) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Guam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Guam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_Guam.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="738" data-file-height="396" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">168,485 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">159,358 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7000573000000000000♠"></span><span style="color:green">+5.73%</span> </td> <td>544 km<sup>2</sup> (210 sq mi) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7002309715073529411♠"></span>310/km<sup>2</sup> (802/sq mi) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="550" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">51,433 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">53,833 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="2999554000000000000♠"></span><span style="color:red">−4.46%</span> </td> <td>464 km<sup>2</sup> (179 sq mi) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7002110846982758620♠"></span>111/km<sup>2</sup> (287/sq mi) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ethnic_Origins_in_the_Western_United_States.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Ethnic_Origins_in_the_Western_United_States.png/220px-Ethnic_Origins_in_the_Western_United_States.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Ethnic_Origins_in_the_Western_United_States.png/330px-Ethnic_Origins_in_the_Western_United_States.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Ethnic_Origins_in_the_Western_United_States.png/440px-Ethnic_Origins_in_the_Western_United_States.png 2x" data-file-width="5515" data-file-height="5000" /></a><figcaption>Ethnic origins in the Western U.S.</figcaption></figure><p>The population distribution by race in the Western United States (2022):<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><ul><li>51.9% <a href="/wiki/White_Americans" title="White Americans">White</a> (47.1% <a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">non-Hispanic</a>)</li> <li>30.8% <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic or Latino</a> ethnicity (of any race)</li> <li>10.8% <a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a> (10.6% non-Hispanic)</li> <li>4.5% <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">Black</a> or <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African-American</a> (4.3% non-Hispanic)</li> <li>1.9% <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">American Indian</a> or <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Natives" title="Alaska Natives">Alaska Native</a> (1.1% non-Hispanic)</li> <li>0.6% <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Islander American">Pacific Islander</a> (0.6% non-Hispanic)</li> <li>13.3% <a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States">Some other race</a> (0.6% non-Hispanic)</li> <li>17.0% <a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Two or more races</a> (5.0% non-Hispanic)</li></ul> <p>As defined by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, the Western <a href="/wiki/Region" title="Region">region</a> of the United States includes 13 states,<sup id="cite_ref-CensusRegionsMap_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CensusRegionsMap-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with a total 2020 population of 78,588,572.<sup id="cite_ref-Census2020_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The West is one of the most sparsely settled areas in the United States with 49.5 inhabitants per square mile (19.1 inhabitants/km<sup>2</sup>). Only <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> with 78.0 inhabitants/sq mi (30.1 inhabitants/km<sup>2</sup>), <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> with 86.0 inhabitants/sq mi (33.2 inhabitants/km<sup>2</sup>), and <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> with 213.4 inhabitants/sq mi (82.4 inhabitants/km<sup>2</sup>) exceed the national average of 77.98 inhabitants/sq mi (30.11 inhabitants/km<sup>2</sup>). As of 2022, just under half of the 78.7 million residents of the West live in <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:American_West_census_maps.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/American_West_census_maps.png" decoding="async" width="933" height="148" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="933" data-file-height="148" /></a><figcaption>These maps from the 2000 US Census highlight differences from state to state of three minority groups. Most of the American Indian, Hispanic, and Asian population is in the West.</figcaption></figure> <p>The entire Western region has also been strongly influenced by <a href="/wiki/European_Americans" title="European Americans">European</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic or Latino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a>; it contains the largest number of minorities in the U.S. While most of the studies of racial dynamics in America such as riots in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> have been written about <a href="/wiki/European_Americans" title="European Americans">European</a> and <a href="/wiki/African-Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="African-Americans">African-Americans</a>, in many cities in the West and <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, <a href="/wiki/White_Americans" title="White Americans">whites</a> and <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">blacks</a> together are less than half the population because of the preference for the region by <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asians</a>. <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African</a> and <a href="/wiki/European_Americans" title="European Americans">European</a> Americans, however, continue to wield a stronger political influence because of the lower rates of citizenship and voting among <a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanics</a>. </p><p>According to 2022 estimates from the Census Bureau, the largest ancestries reported in the West are <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Americans" title="Mexican Americans">Mexican</a> (24.2%), <a href="/wiki/German_Americans" title="German Americans">German</a> (10.1%), <a href="/wiki/English_Americans" title="English Americans">English</a> (9.5%), <a href="/wiki/Irish_Americans" title="Irish Americans">Irish</a> (7.2%), <a href="/wiki/Italian_Americans" title="Italian Americans">Italian</a> (3.5%), <a href="/wiki/Filipino_Americans" title="Filipino Americans">Filipino</a> (3.4%), and <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans" title="Chinese Americans">Chinese</a> (3.3%).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The West also contains much of the <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> population in the U.S., particularly in the large <a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">reservations</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Mountain_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain States">Mountain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Great_Basin_Desert" title="Great Basin Desert">Desert States</a>. As of 2022, the West is home to 365,351 <a href="/wiki/Navajo" title="Navajo">Navajo</a>, 109,208 <a href="/wiki/Apache" title="Apache">Apache</a>, and 78,364 <a href="/wiki/Blackfeet_Nation" title="Blackfeet Nation">Blackfeet</a>, as well as 276,082 people identifying as <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_Mexico" title="Indigenous peoples of Mexico">Indigenous Mexican</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The largest concentrations for <a href="/wiki/African-Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="African-Americans">African-Americans</a> in the West can be found in <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fresno" class="mw-redirect" title="Fresno">Fresno</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tacoma,_Washington" title="Tacoma, Washington">Tacoma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a>, <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs,_Colorado" title="Colorado Springs, Colorado">Colorado Springs</a>. </p><p>The Western United States has a higher <a href="/wiki/Human_sex_ratio" title="Human sex ratio">sex ratio</a> (more <a href="/wiki/Male" title="Male">males</a> than <a href="/wiki/Female" title="Female">females</a>) than any other region in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because the tide of development had not yet reached most of the West when <a href="/wiki/Conservation_(ethic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservation (ethic)">conservation</a> became a national issue, agencies of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">federal government</a> own and manage vast areas of land. (The most important among these are the <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Land_Management" title="Bureau of Land Management">Bureau of Land Management</a> within the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">Interior Department</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service">U.S. Forest Service</a> within the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">Agriculture Department</a>.) <a href="/wiki/National_park" title="National park">National parks</a> are reserved for recreational activities such as <a href="/wiki/Fishing" title="Fishing">fishing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camping" title="Camping">camping</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hiking" title="Hiking">hiking</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Boating" title="Boating">boating</a>, but other government lands also allow commercial activities like <a href="/wiki/Ranch" title="Ranch">ranching</a>, <a href="/wiki/Logging" title="Logging">logging</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mining" title="Mining">mining</a>. In recent years, some local residents who earn their livelihoods on federal land have come into conflict with the land's managers, who are required to keep land use within environmentally acceptable limits. </p><p>The largest city in the region is <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, located on the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a>. Other <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a> cities include <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino,_California" title="San Bernardino, California">San Bernardino</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bakersfield,_California" title="Bakersfield, California">Bakersfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fresno" class="mw-redirect" title="Fresno">Fresno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tacoma,_Washington" title="Tacoma, Washington">Tacoma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anchorage,_Alaska" title="Anchorage, Alaska">Anchorage</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland</a> – some of which are dozens of miles inland. Prominent cities in the <a href="/wiki/Mountain_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain States">Mountain States</a> include <a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs,_Colorado" title="Colorado Springs, Colorado">Colorado Springs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona" title="Tucson, Arizona">Tucson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albuquerque,_New_Mexico" title="Albuquerque, New Mexico">Albuquerque</a>, <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reno,_Nevada" title="Reno, Nevada">Reno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boise,_Idaho" title="Boise, Idaho">Boise</a>, <a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Billings,_Montana" title="Billings, Montana">Billings</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Natural_geography">Natural geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Natural geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_west_coast_physiographic_regions_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/US_west_coast_physiographic_regions_map.jpg/170px-US_west_coast_physiographic_regions_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="288" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/US_west_coast_physiographic_regions_map.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="221" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption>The Western United States is subdivided into three <a href="/wiki/United_States_physiographic_region" class="mw-redirect" title="United States physiographic region">major physiographic regions</a>: the <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a> (16–19), the <a href="/wiki/Intermontane_Plateaus" title="Intermontane Plateaus">Intermontane Plateaus</a> (20–22), and the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coast_Ranges" title="Pacific Coast Ranges">Pacific Mountains</a> (23–25)</figcaption></figure> <p>Along the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a> coast lie the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coast_Ranges" title="Pacific Coast Ranges">Coast Ranges</a>, which, while not approaching the scale of the <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a>, are formidable nevertheless. They collect a large part of the airborne moisture moving in from the ocean. East of the Coast Ranges lie several cultivated fertile <a href="/wiki/Valley" title="Valley">valleys</a>, notably the <a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_Valley" title="San Joaquin Valley">San Joaquin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sacramento_Valley" title="Sacramento Valley">Sacramento</a> valleys of <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Willamette_Valley" title="Willamette Valley">Willamette Valley</a> of <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zion_NP20.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Zion_NP20.jpg/220px-Zion_NP20.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Zion_NP20.jpg/330px-Zion_NP20.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Zion_NP20.jpg/440px-Zion_NP20.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2520" data-file-height="1680" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Zion_National_Park" title="Zion National Park">Zion National Park</a> in southern <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> is one of five national parks in the state.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Big_Sur_Coastline.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Big_Sur_Coastline.jpg/220px-Big_Sur_Coastline.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Big_Sur_Coastline.jpg/330px-Big_Sur_Coastline.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Big_Sur_Coastline.jpg/440px-Big_Sur_Coastline.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="898" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Big_Sur" title="Big Sur">Big Sur</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mojave_vista.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Mojave_vista.jpg/220px-Mojave_vista.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Mojave_vista.jpg/330px-Mojave_vista.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Mojave_vista.jpg/440px-Mojave_vista.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Mojave_Desert" title="Mojave Desert">Mojave Desert</a> covers much of the <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwestern United States</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grandcanyon_view5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Grandcanyon_view5.jpg/220px-Grandcanyon_view5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Grandcanyon_view5.jpg/330px-Grandcanyon_view5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Grandcanyon_view5.jpg/440px-Grandcanyon_view5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1969" data-file-height="1410" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Grand_Canyon" title="Grand Canyon">Grand Canyon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Beyond the valleys lie the <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Nevada_(U.S.)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sierra Nevada (U.S.)">Sierra Nevada</a> in the south and the <a href="/wiki/Cascade_Range" title="Cascade Range">Cascade Range</a> in the north. <a href="/wiki/Mount_Whitney" title="Mount Whitney">Mount Whitney</a>, at 14,505 feet (4,421 m) the tallest peak in the contiguous 48 states, is in the <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Nevada_(U.S.)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sierra Nevada (U.S.)">Sierra Nevada</a>. <a href="/wiki/Cascade_Range" title="Cascade Range">The Cascades</a> are also volcanic. <a href="/wiki/Mount_Rainier" title="Mount Rainier">Mount Rainier</a>, a volcano in <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a>, is also over 14,000 feet (4,300 m). <a href="/wiki/Mount_St._Helens" title="Mount St. Helens">Mount St. Helens</a>, a volcano in <a href="/wiki/Cascade_Range" title="Cascade Range">the Cascades</a>, <a href="/wiki/1980_eruption_of_Mount_St._Helens" title="1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens">erupted explosively in 1980</a>. A major volcanic eruption at <a href="/wiki/Mount_Mazama" title="Mount Mazama">Mount Mazama</a> around 4860 BC formed <a href="/wiki/Crater_Lake" title="Crater Lake">Crater Lake</a>. These mountain ranges see heavy precipitation, capturing most of the moisture that remains after the Coast Ranges, and creating a <a href="/wiki/Rain_shadow" title="Rain shadow">rain shadow</a> to the east forming vast stretches of arid land. These dry areas encompass much of <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Mojave_Desert" title="Mojave Desert">Mojave Desert</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sonoran_Desert" title="Sonoran Desert">Sonoran Desert</a> along with other deserts are found here. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:High_Desert_Twilight-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/High_Desert_Twilight-3.jpg/220px-High_Desert_Twilight-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/High_Desert_Twilight-3.jpg/330px-High_Desert_Twilight-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/High_Desert_Twilight-3.jpg/440px-High_Desert_Twilight-3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Red sunset twilight in <a href="/wiki/Landers,_California" title="Landers, California">Landers</a> in the <a href="/wiki/High_Desert_(California)" title="High Desert (California)">High Desert</a> region of <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oregon_High_Desert.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Oregon_High_Desert.jpg/220px-Oregon_High_Desert.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Oregon_High_Desert.jpg/330px-Oregon_High_Desert.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Oregon_High_Desert.jpg/440px-Oregon_High_Desert.jpg 2x" data-file-width="751" data-file-height="510" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/High_Desert_(Oregon)" title="High Desert (Oregon)">High Desert</a> region of <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Feral_horses_-_Pryor_Mountain_Wild_Horse_Range_-_Montana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Feral_horses_-_Pryor_Mountain_Wild_Horse_Range_-_Montana.jpg/220px-Feral_horses_-_Pryor_Mountain_Wild_Horse_Range_-_Montana.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Feral_horses_-_Pryor_Mountain_Wild_Horse_Range_-_Montana.jpg/330px-Feral_horses_-_Pryor_Mountain_Wild_Horse_Range_-_Montana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Feral_horses_-_Pryor_Mountain_Wild_Horse_Range_-_Montana.jpg/440px-Feral_horses_-_Pryor_Mountain_Wild_Horse_Range_-_Montana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Feral horses in the <a href="/wiki/Pryor_Mountains" title="Pryor Mountains">Pryor Mountains</a> of Southeast <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_sand_dunes.JPEG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Great_sand_dunes.JPEG/220px-Great_sand_dunes.JPEG" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Great_sand_dunes.JPEG/330px-Great_sand_dunes.JPEG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Great_sand_dunes.JPEG/440px-Great_sand_dunes.JPEG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1454" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Great_Sand_Dunes_National_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Sand Dunes National Park">Great Sand Dunes National Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Beyond the deserts lie the <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a>. In the north, they run almost immediately east of the <a href="/wiki/Cascade_Range" title="Cascade Range">Cascade Range</a>, so that the desert region is only a few miles wide by the time one reaches the Canada–US border. <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">The Rockies</a> are hundreds of miles wide and run uninterrupted from <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a> to <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a>. The Rocky Mountain Region is the highest overall area of the United States, with an average elevation of above 4,000 feet (1,200 m). The tallest peaks of <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">the Rockies</a>, 54 of which are over 14,000 feet (4,300 m), are found in central and western <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a>. East of the Rocky Mountains is the Great Plains, the western portions (for example, the eastern half of Colorado) of which are generally considered to be part of the western United States. </p><p>The West has several long rivers that empty into the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a>, while the eastern rivers run into the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a> forms the easternmost possible boundary for the West today. The <a href="/wiki/Missouri_River" title="Missouri River">Missouri River</a>, a tributary of the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi</a>, flows from its headwaters in the <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a> eastward across the <a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a>, a vast <a href="/wiki/Poaceae" title="Poaceae">grassy</a> plateau, before sloping gradually down to the forests and hence to the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Colorado_River" title="Colorado River">Colorado River</a> snakes through the <a href="/wiki/Mountain_states" title="Mountain states">Mountain states</a>, at one point forming the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Canyon" title="Grand Canyon">Grand Canyon</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Colorado_River" title="Colorado River">Colorado River</a> is a major source of water in the Southwest and many dams, such as the <a href="/wiki/Hoover_Dam" title="Hoover Dam">Hoover Dam</a>, form reservoirs along it. So much water is drawn for drinking water throughout the West and irrigation in <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> that in most years, water from the <a href="/wiki/Colorado_River" title="Colorado River">Colorado River</a> no longer reaches the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_California" title="Gulf of California">Gulf of California</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Columbia_River" title="Columbia River">Columbia River</a>, the largest river in volume flowing into the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a> from <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>, and its tributary, the <a href="/wiki/Snake_River" title="Snake River">Snake River</a>, water the Pacific Northwest. The <a href="/wiki/Platte_River" title="Platte River">Platte</a> runs through <a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a> and was known for being a mile (2 km) wide but only a half-inch (1 cm) deep. The <a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande" title="Rio Grande">Rio Grande</a> forms the border between <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> before turning due north and splitting <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a> in half. </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">United States Coast Guard</a>, "The Western Rivers System consists of the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri_River" title="Missouri River">Missouri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Illinois_River" title="Illinois River">Illinois</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_River" title="Tennessee River">Tennessee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cumberland_River" title="Cumberland River">Cumberland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_River" title="Arkansas River">Arkansas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/White_River_(Arkansas)" class="mw-redirect" title="White River (Arkansas)">White Rivers</a> and their tributaries, and certain other rivers that flow towards the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ohio River portion of the system includes parts of several Atlantic coastal states, from Georgia to New York.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate_and_agriculture">Climate and agriculture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Climate and agriculture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most of the public land held by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service">U.S. National Forest Service</a> and Bureau of Land Management is in the Western states. Public lands account for 25 to 75 percent of the total land area in these states.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The climate of the West is <a href="/wiki/Semi-arid_climate" title="Semi-arid climate">semi-arid</a>, yet parts of the region get high amounts of rain or snow. Other parts are true desert which receive less than 5 inches (130 mm) of rain per year. The climate is increasingly unstable, and subject to periods of severe drought.<sup id="cite_ref-U.S._Government_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-U.S._Government-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The seasonal temperatures vary greatly throughout the West. Low elevations on the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a> have warm summers and mild winters with little to no snow. The <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">desert southwest</a> has very hot summers and mild winters. While the mountains in the southwest receive generally large amounts of snow. The <a href="/wiki/Inland_Northwest_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Inland Northwest (United States)">Inland Northwest</a> has a <a href="/wiki/Continental_climate" title="Continental climate">continental climate</a> of warm to hot summers and cold to bitterly cold winters. </p><p>Annual rainfall is greater in the eastern portions, gradually tapering off until reaching the Pacific Coast where it increases again. In fact, the greatest annual rainfall in the United States falls in the coastal regions of the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest" title="Pacific Northwest">Pacific Northwest</a>. Drought is much more common in the West than the rest of the United States. The driest place recorded in the U.S. is <a href="/wiki/Death_Valley" title="Death Valley">Death Valley</a>, California.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Western states, drought is closely associated with fire risk, and there have been a number of notable wildfires causing extensive property damage and wildlife <a href="/wiki/Habitat_destruction" title="Habitat destruction">habitat destruction</a>. The Western United States is predicted to experience drought-like conditions for much of the 21st century.<sup id="cite_ref-U.S._Government_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-U.S._Government-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Violent thunderstorms occur east of the <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rockies</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tornado" title="Tornado">Tornadoes</a> occur every spring on the southern plains, with the most common and most destructive centered on <a href="/wiki/Tornado_Alley" title="Tornado Alley">Tornado Alley</a>, which covers eastern portions of the West, (<a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> to <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a>), and all states in between and to the east. </p><p>Agriculture varies depending on rainfall, irrigation, soil, elevation, and temperature extremes. The arid regions generally support only livestock grazing, chiefly beef cattle. The <i><a href="/wiki/Corn_Belt" title="Corn Belt">wheat belt</a></i> extends from <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> through <a href="/wiki/The_Dakotas" title="The Dakotas">The Dakotas</a>, producing most of the wheat and soybeans in the U.S. and exporting more to the rest of the world. Irrigation in the <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwest</a> allows the growth of great quantities of fruits, nuts, and vegetables as well as grain, hay, and flowers. <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> is a major cattle and sheep raising area, as well as the nation's largest producer of cotton. <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> is famous for its apples, and <a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a> for its potatoes. <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> are major producers of <a href="/wiki/Citrus" title="Citrus">citrus</a> crops, however, declining supplies of water, as well as urban sprawl have contributed to a sharp decline in citrus production in Arizona.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many varieties of <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_chile" title="New Mexico chile">chile peppers</a> are grown in the valleys of <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Starting in 1902, Congress passed a series of acts authorizing the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Bureau_of_Reclamation" title="United States Bureau of Reclamation">United States Bureau of Reclamation</a> to oversee water development projects in seventeen western states. </p><p>During the first half of the 20th century, dams and irrigation projects provided water for rapid agricultural growth throughout the West and brought prosperity for several states, where agriculture had previously only been subsistence level. Following <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the West's cities experienced an economic and population boom. The population growth, mostly in the <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwest</a> states of <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a>, has strained water and power resources, with water diverted from agricultural uses to major population centers, such as the <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Valley" title="Las Vegas Valley">Las Vegas Valley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geology">Geology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Geology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Plains make up much of the eastern portion of the West, underlain with sedimentary rock from the Upper <a href="/wiki/Paleozoic" title="Paleozoic">Paleozoic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mesozoic" title="Mesozoic">Mesozoic</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cenozoic" title="Cenozoic">Cenozoic</a> eras. The <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a> expose igneous and metamorphic rock both from the <a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">Precambrian</a> and from the <a href="/wiki/Phanerozoic" title="Phanerozoic">Phanerozoic</a> eon. The Inter-mountain States and <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest" title="Pacific Northwest">Pacific Northwest</a> have huge expanses of volcanic rock from the <a href="/wiki/Cenozoic" title="Cenozoic">Cenozoic</a> era. <a href="/wiki/Salt_pan_(geology)" title="Salt pan (geology)">Salt flats</a> and salt lakes reveal a time when the great inland seas covered much of what is now the West. </p><p>The Pacific states are the most geologically active areas in the United States. <a href="/wiki/Earthquake" title="Earthquake">Earthquakes</a> cause damage every few to several years in <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>. While the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_states" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific states">Pacific states</a> are the most volcanically active areas, extinct <a href="/wiki/Volcano" title="Volcano">volcanoes</a> and lava flows are found throughout most of the West. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wildlife">Wildlife</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Wildlife"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_the_United_States#Western_United_States" title="Fauna of the United States">Fauna of the United States § Western United States</a>.<span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_the_United_States&action=edit">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><div class="excerpt"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Three_raccoons_in_a_tree.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Three_raccoons_in_a_tree.jpg/220px-Three_raccoons_in_a_tree.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Three_raccoons_in_a_tree.jpg/330px-Three_raccoons_in_a_tree.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Three_raccoons_in_a_tree.jpg/440px-Three_raccoons_in_a_tree.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3070" data-file-height="2046" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Raccoon" title="Raccoon">raccoon</a> is widespread throughout the <a href="/wiki/Lower_48" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower 48">lower 48</a> states.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Puma_face.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Puma_face.jpg/220px-Puma_face.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Puma_face.jpg/330px-Puma_face.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Puma_face.jpg/440px-Puma_face.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mountain_lion" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain lion">Mountain lions</a> live throughout the western U.S.</figcaption></figure> <p>The ecoregions and ecology found in the Western United States are extremely varied. For instance, large areas of land are made up of everything from sand dunes in the <a href="/wiki/Central_Basin_and_Range_ecoregion" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Basin and Range ecoregion">Central Basin and Range ecoregion</a>, which makes up much of the <a href="/wiki/State_of_Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Nevada">State of Nevada</a>, to the <a href="/wiki/Ecology_of_the_North_Cascades" title="Ecology of the North Cascades">ecology of the North Cascades</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington state</a>, which has the largest concentration of active <a href="/wiki/Alpine_glacier" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpine glacier">alpine glaciers</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Contiguous_United_States" title="Contiguous United States">lower 48</a>. The densely forested areas found in <a href="/wiki/Northern_California" title="Northern California">Northern California</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a>, Washington, <a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a> have mostly species adapted to living in <a href="/wiki/Temperate_climate" title="Temperate climate">temperate climates</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Southern_California" title="Southern California">Southern California</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>, southern <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>, and <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a> have a fauna resembling its position in the dry deserts with temperature extremes. </p><p>The western continental coast of the U.S., just as the East Coast, varies from a colder-to-warmer climate from north to south. Few species live throughout the entire West Coast, however, there are some, including the <a href="/wiki/Bald_eagle" title="Bald eagle">bald eagle</a> that inhabits both the Alaskan <a href="/wiki/Aleutian_Islands" title="Aleutian Islands">Aleutian Islands</a> and the <a href="/wiki/California_Channel_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="California Channel Islands">California Channel Islands</a>. In most of the contiguous Western U.S. are <a href="/wiki/Mule_deer" title="Mule deer">mule deer</a>, <a href="/wiki/White-tailed_antelope_squirrel" title="White-tailed antelope squirrel">white-tailed antelope squirrels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cougar" title="Cougar">cougars</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_badger" title="American badger">American badgers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coyote" title="Coyote">coyotes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hawk" title="Hawk">hawks</a> and several species of snakes and lizards are common. </p><p>While the <a href="/wiki/American_black_bear" title="American black bear">American black bear</a> lives throughout the U.S., the <a href="/wiki/Brown_bear" title="Brown bear">brown bears</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grizzly_bears" class="mw-redirect" title="Grizzly bears">grizzly bears</a> are more common in the <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_United_States" title="Northwestern United States">northwest</a> and in Alaska. Along the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a> there are several species of whales, <a href="/wiki/Sea_otter" title="Sea otter">sea otters</a>, <a href="/wiki/California_sea_lions" class="mw-redirect" title="California sea lions">California sea lions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eared_seal" title="Eared seal">eared seals</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northern_elephant_seal" title="Northern elephant seal">northern elephant seals</a>. In the dry, inland desert areas of states such as California, Nevada, Arizona and New Mexico there are some of the world's most venomous lizards, snakes and scorpions. The most notorious might be the <a href="/wiki/Gila_monster" title="Gila monster">Gila monster</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mohave_rattlesnake" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohave rattlesnake">Mohave rattlesnake</a>, both found in deserts in the <a href="/wiki/Southwest_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Southwest United States">Southwest</a>. The Sonoran Desert has eleven species of rattlesnakes - more than anywhere else in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Along the southwestern border there are <a href="/wiki/Jaguars" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaguars">jaguars</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ocelots" class="mw-redirect" title="Ocelots">ocelots</a>. Other mammals include the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_opossum" title="Virginia opossum">Virginia opossum</a>, which occurs throughout California and coastal areas in Oregon and Washington. The <a href="/wiki/North_American_beaver" title="North American beaver">North American beaver</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mountain_beaver" title="Mountain beaver">mountain beaver</a> live in forested areas of Washington, Oregon and Northern California. The <a href="/wiki/Kit_fox" title="Kit fox">kit fox</a> lives throughout Arizona, New Mexico and Utah, while the <a href="/wiki/Gray_fox" title="Gray fox">gray fox</a> occurs throughout the Western U.S. </p> The <a href="/wiki/Red_fox" title="Red fox">red fox</a> occurs mostly in Oregon and Washington, while the <a href="/wiki/Island_fox" title="Island fox">island fox</a> is a native to six of the eight <a href="/wiki/Channel_Islands_of_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Channel Islands of California">Channel Islands</a> in Southern California. These islands are also famous for their marine life and endemic species such as the <a href="/wiki/Channel_Islands_spotted_skunk" class="mw-redirect" title="Channel Islands spotted skunk">Channel Islands spotted skunk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garibaldi_(fish)" title="Garibaldi (fish)">Garibaldi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Island_fence_lizard" class="mw-redirect" title="Island fence lizard">island fence lizard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Island_scrub_jay" title="Island scrub jay">island scrub jay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bald_eagle" title="Bald eagle">bald eagle</a>, and their non-native <a href="/wiki/Catalina_Island_bison_herd" title="Catalina Island bison herd">Catalina Island bison herd</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Raccoon" title="Raccoon">raccoon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spotted_skunk" title="Spotted skunk">spotted skunk</a> occur throughout the Western U.S., while the <a href="/wiki/Ring-tailed_cat" class="mw-redirect" title="Ring-tailed cat">ring-tailed cat</a> occurs throughout Arizona, New Mexico, Western Texas, Utah, Colorado, and most of California. The <a href="/wiki/American_black_bear" title="American black bear">American black bear</a> occurs in most western states, including Washington, Oregon, California, Arizona and Colorado.</div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History"><span class="anchor" id="History_and_culture"></span>History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/American_frontier" title="American frontier">American frontier</a> and <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_American_Old_West" title="Timeline of the American Old West">Timeline of the American Old West</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Early_indian_west.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Early_indian_west.jpg/550px-Early_indian_west.jpg" decoding="async" width="550" height="706" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Early_indian_west.jpg/825px-Early_indian_west.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Early_indian_west.jpg/1100px-Early_indian_west.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1559" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Early Native American tribal territories</figcaption></figure> <p>The Western United States has been populated by <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a> since at least 11,000 years ago, when the first Paleo-Indians arrived. Pre-Columbian trade routes to kingdoms and empires such as the Mound Builders existed in places such as <a href="/wiki/Yellowstone_National_Park" title="Yellowstone National Park">Yellowstone National Park</a> since around 1000 AD. Major settlement of the western territories developed rapidly in the 1840s, largely through the <a href="/wiki/Oregon_Trail" title="Oregon Trail">Oregon Trail</a> and the <a href="/wiki/California_Gold_Rush" class="mw-redirect" title="California Gold Rush">California Gold Rush</a> of 1849. <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> experienced such a rapid growth in a few short months that it was admitted to statehood in 1850 without the normal transitory phase of becoming an official territory.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of the largest migrations in American history occurred in the 1840s as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_denominations_in_the_Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="List of denominations in the Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saints</a> left the <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwest</a> to build a theocracy in <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>. </p><p>Both <a href="/wiki/Omaha,_Nebraska" title="Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha, Nebraska</a> and <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis, Missouri</a> laid claim to the title, "Gateway to the West" during this period. <a href="/wiki/Omaha,_Nebraska" title="Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha</a>, home to the <a href="/wiki/Union_Pacific_Railroad" title="Union Pacific Railroad">Union Pacific Railroad</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Mormon_Trail" title="Mormon Trail">Mormon Trail</a>, made its fortunes on outfitting settlers; <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a> built itself upon the vast <a href="/wiki/Fur_trade" title="Fur trade">fur trade</a> in the West before its settlement. </p><p>The 1850s were marked by political battles over the expansion of slavery into the western territories, <a href="/wiki/Origins_of_the_American_Civil_War_(2/4)#The_question_of_slavery_in_the_West" class="mw-redirect" title="Origins of the American Civil War (2/4)">issues leading to the Civil War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 1863 and 1869, North America's <a href="/wiki/First_transcontinental_railroad" title="First transcontinental railroad">first transcontinental railroad</a> was constructed to connect the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_US" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern US">eastern US</a> with the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">Pacific coast</a>. The resulting railroad connection revolutionized the settlement and economy of the American West by making the transportation of passengers and freight quicker, safer, and cheaper. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:East_west_shaking_hands_by_russell.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/East_west_shaking_hands_by_russell.jpg/220px-East_west_shaking_hands_by_russell.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/East_west_shaking_hands_by_russell.jpg/330px-East_west_shaking_hands_by_russell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/East_west_shaking_hands_by_russell.jpg/440px-East_west_shaking_hands_by_russell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4505" data-file-height="3417" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/First_transcontinental_railroad" title="First transcontinental railroad">first transcontinental railroad</a> played a pivotal role in the history of the Western United States.</figcaption></figure> <p>The history of the American West in the late 19th and early 20th centuries has acquired a cultural mythos in the literature and cinema of the United States. The image of the <a href="/wiki/Cowboy" title="Cowboy">cowboy</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Homestead_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Homestead Act">homesteader</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Manifest_destiny" title="Manifest destiny">westward expansion</a> took real events and transmuted them into a myth of the west which has shaped much of American popular culture since the late 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Writers as diverse as <a href="/wiki/Bret_Harte" title="Bret Harte">Bret Harte</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zane_Grey" title="Zane Grey">Zane Grey</a> celebrated or derided cowboy culture, while artists such as <a href="/wiki/Frederic_Remington" title="Frederic Remington">Frederic Remington</a> created <a href="/wiki/Art_of_Europe" title="Art of Europe">western art</a> as a method of recording the expansion into the west. The <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">American cinema</a>, in particular, created the genre of the <a href="/wiki/Western_(genre)" title="Western (genre)">western movie</a>, which, in many cases, use the West as a metaphor for the virtue of self-reliance and an American ethos. The contrast between the romanticism of culture about the West and the actuality of the history of the westward expansion has been a theme of late 20th and early 21st century scholarship about the West. <a href="/wiki/Western_lifestyle" class="mw-redirect" title="Western lifestyle">Cowboy culture</a> has become embedded in the American experience as a common cultural touchstone, and modern forms as diverse as <a href="/wiki/Country_and_western_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Country and western music">country and western music</a> have celebrated the sense of isolation and independence of spirit inspired by the frontiersmen on "virgin land".<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Harmsworth_atlas_and_Gazetter_1908_(135851697).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/The_Harmsworth_atlas_and_Gazetter_1908_%28135851697%29.jpg/220px-The_Harmsworth_atlas_and_Gazetter_1908_%28135851697%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/The_Harmsworth_atlas_and_Gazetter_1908_%28135851697%29.jpg/330px-The_Harmsworth_atlas_and_Gazetter_1908_%28135851697%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/The_Harmsworth_atlas_and_Gazetter_1908_%28135851697%29.jpg/440px-The_Harmsworth_atlas_and_Gazetter_1908_%28135851697%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9570" data-file-height="12455" /></a><figcaption>Western United States in 1908 from <i>The Harmsworth atlas and Gazetter</i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Route66_sign.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Route66_sign.jpg/220px-Route66_sign.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Route66_sign.jpg/330px-Route66_sign.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Route66_sign.jpg/440px-Route66_sign.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1108" data-file-height="764" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_66" title="U.S. Route 66">U.S. Route 66</a> accelerated the development of the Western United States.</figcaption></figure> <p>The advent of the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_automobile" title="History of the automobile">automobile</a> enabled the average American to tour the West. Western businessmen promoted <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_66" title="U.S. Route 66">Route 66</a> as a means to bring tourism and industry to the West. In the 1950s, representatives from all the western states built the <a href="/wiki/National_Cowboy_%26_Western_Heritage_Museum" title="National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum">Cowboy Hall of Fame</a> and <a href="/wiki/Western_Heritage_Center" title="Western Heritage Center">Western Heritage Center</a> to showcase western culture and greet travelers from the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_United_States" title="Eastern United States">East</a>. During the latter half of the 20th century, several transcontinental interstate highways crossed the West bringing more trade and tourists from the East. Oil boom towns in <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> rivaled the old mining camps for their rawness and wealth. The <a href="/wiki/Dust_Bowl" title="Dust Bowl">Dust Bowl</a> forced children of the original homesteaders even further west.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The movies became America's chief entertainment source featuring <a href="/wiki/Western_fiction" title="Western fiction">western fiction</a>, later the community of <a href="/wiki/Hollywood,_Los_Angeles" title="Hollywood, Los Angeles">Hollywood</a> in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> became the <a href="/wiki/Headquarters" title="Headquarters">headquarters</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Mass_media" title="Mass media">mass media</a> such as radio and television production.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/History_of_California_1900%E2%80%93present" class="mw-redirect" title="History of California 1900–present">California</a> has emerged as the most populous state and one of the top 10 economies in the world. Massive late 19th–20th century population and settlement booms created two <a href="/wiki/Megalopolis" title="Megalopolis">megalopolis</a> areas of the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Los_Angeles" title="Greater Los Angeles">Greater Los Angeles</a>/<a href="/wiki/Southern_California" title="Southern California">Southern California</a> and the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco Bay Area</a>/<a href="/wiki/Northern_California" title="Northern California">Northern California</a> regions, one of the nation's largest metropolitan areas and in the top 25 largest urban areas in the world. Five more metropolitan areas of <a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino,_California" title="San Bernardino, California">San Bernardino</a>-<a href="/wiki/Riverside,_California" title="Riverside, California">Riverside</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>, <a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a> have over a million residents, while the three fastest growing metro areas were the <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City_metropolitan_area" title="Salt Lake City metropolitan area">Salt Lake City metropolitan area</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Valley" title="Las Vegas Valley">Las Vegas metropolitan area</a>; and the <a href="/wiki/Portland_metropolitan_area" title="Portland metropolitan area">Portland metropolitan area</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the mid-1970s, historians of the West have emphasized the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> years as a major watershed, as a region experienced enormous social and economic change, and became the pacesetter for <a href="/wiki/Sociocultural_evolution" title="Sociocultural evolution">societal evolution</a>. The population soared, especially in metropolitan areas, as a result of massive expansion of the manufacture of airplanes, ships and munitions and of military and Naval training facilities. California upgraded universities to world-class status, intensified scientific research, and expanded infrastructure. After the war millions more migrated using the <a href="/wiki/GI_Bill" class="mw-redirect" title="GI Bill">GI Bill</a> to buy suburban homes, many of them recalling rewarding wartime experience in military training facilities. The region had always been more democratic with greater <a href="/wiki/Racial_equality" title="Racial equality">racial</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gender_equality" title="Gender equality">gender equality</a>, and continued as a national pacesetter in modernization. New problems emerged, especially environmental issues where westerners took the lead in areas such as the allocation of scarce water resources as well as dealing with smog and air pollution. More recently historians have looked at nuances, pointing out that some of the trends began before 1941.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> has the largest <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Americans" title="Mexican Americans">Mexican</a> population outside of <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, while <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a> has the largest <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans" title="Chinese Americans">Chinese</a> community in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a> and also has a large <a href="/wiki/LGBT" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT">LGBT</a> community, and <a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland, California</a> has a large percentage of residents being <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African-American</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach, California</a> which also has a significant black community. The state of <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> has a <a href="/wiki/Mormons" title="Mormons">Mormon</a> majority (estimated at 62.4% in 2004),<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while some cities like <a href="/wiki/Albuquerque,_New_Mexico" title="Albuquerque, New Mexico">Albuquerque, New Mexico</a>; <a href="/wiki/Billings,_Montana" title="Billings, Montana">Billings, Montana</a>; <a href="/wiki/Spokane,_Washington" title="Spokane, Washington">Spokane, Washington</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona" title="Tucson, Arizona">Tucson, Arizona</a> are located near <a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a>. In remote areas there are settlements of <a href="/wiki/Alaskan_Natives" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaskan Natives">Alaskan Natives</a> and <a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">Native Hawaiians</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Newspaperrock.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Newspaperrock.jpg/220px-Newspaperrock.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Newspaperrock.jpg/330px-Newspaperrock.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Newspaperrock.jpg/440px-Newspaperrock.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Newspaper_Rock_State_Historic_Monument" title="Newspaper Rock State Historic Monument">Newspaper Rock State Historic Monument</a>, <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>, contains petroglyphs left by the first inhabitants of the American Southwest.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BuildingAdventureGalley.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/BuildingAdventureGalley.jpg/220px-BuildingAdventureGalley.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/BuildingAdventureGalley.jpg/330px-BuildingAdventureGalley.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/BuildingAdventureGalley.jpg/440px-BuildingAdventureGalley.jpg 2x" data-file-width="704" data-file-height="894" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/American_pioneer" title="American pioneer">pioneers</a> were among the earliest European Americans to settle in the western frontier.</figcaption></figure> <p>Historically, the traditional culture of the Western United States has been defined by the <a href="/wiki/Western_lifestyle" class="mw-redirect" title="Western lifestyle">cowboys</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_pioneer" title="American pioneer">pioneers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a> who first inhabited the <a href="/wiki/American_frontier" title="American frontier">Wild West</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-turner_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turner-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sparse geography of the western deserts (<a href="/wiki/Mojave_Desert" title="Mojave Desert">Mojave Desert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Great_Basin_Desert" title="Great Basin Desert">Great Basin Desert</a>) and isolated small <a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">towns</a>, combined with the broad freeways (<a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_66" title="U.S. Route 66">U.S. Route 66</a>) and long railroads (<a href="/wiki/First_transcontinental_railroad" title="First transcontinental railroad">First transcontinental railroad</a>), have contributed to the popular image of the west as a desolate, open space full of unending roads.<sup id="cite_ref-Nugent1992_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nugent1992-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Facing both the Pacific Ocean and the <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexican</a> border, the West has been shaped by a variety of ethnic groups. <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> is the only state in the union in which <a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian Americans</a> outnumber <a href="/wiki/White_Americans" title="White Americans">white American</a> residents. People from many countries in Asia settled in <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> and other coastal states in several waves of immigration since the 19th century, contributing to the <a href="/wiki/Gold_rush" title="Gold rush">Gold rush</a>, the building of the transcontinental railroad, agriculture, and more recently, high technology. </p><p>The border states—<a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>—and other southwestern states such as <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a> all have large <a href="/wiki/Hispanic" title="Hispanic">Hispanic</a> populations, and the many <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> place names attest to their history as former Spanish and Mexican territories. <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Americans" title="Mexican Americans">Mexican-Americans</a> have also had a growing population in Northwestern states of <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a>, as well as the southern states of <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hollywood-Sign.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Hollywood-Sign.jpg/220px-Hollywood-Sign.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Hollywood-Sign.jpg/330px-Hollywood-Sign.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Hollywood-Sign.jpg/440px-Hollywood-Sign.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_sign" class="mw-redirect" title="Hollywood sign">Hollywood sign</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Hills" title="Hollywood Hills">Hollywood Hills</a>, has come to represent the <a href="/wiki/American_film_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="American film industry">American film industry</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">Pacific States</a>, the wide areas filled with small towns, farms, and forests are supplemented by a few big port cities which have evolved into world centers for the media and technology industries. Now the second largest city in the nation, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> is best known as the home of the <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">Hollywood</a> <a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">film</a> industry; the area around <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> also was a major center for the <a href="/wiki/Aerospace" title="Aerospace">aerospace</a> industry by <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, though Boeing, located in <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington state</a> would lead the aerospace industry. Fueled by the growth of <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_area" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco Bay area">San Francisco Bay area</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Silicon_Valley" title="Silicon Valley">Silicon Valley</a>, the center of America's high tech industry, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> has become the most populous of all the 50 states. <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> have also seen rapid growth with the rise of <a href="/wiki/Boeing" title="Boeing">Boeing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> along with agriculture and resource based industries. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a>—the northernmost state in the Union—is a vast land of few people, many of them native, and of great stretches of wilderness, protected in <a href="/wiki/National_park" title="National park">national parks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wildlife_refuge" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife refuge">wildlife refuges</a>. Hawaii's location makes it a major gateway between the United States and Asia, as well as a center for tourism. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Mountain_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain States">Mountain States</a> subregion includes <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a>. The mountain states have relatively low population densities, and developed as ranching and mining areas that only recently became urbanized. Most of them have highly individualistic cultures, and have worked to balance the interests of urban development, recreation, and the environment. </p><p>Culturally distinctive points of the mountain states include the large <a href="/wiki/Mormons" title="Mormons">Mormon</a> population in the <a href="/wiki/Mormon_Corridor" class="mw-redirect" title="Mormon Corridor">Mormon Corridor</a>, including southeastern <a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a>, <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>, Northern <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a>; the extravagant <a href="/wiki/Casino" title="Casino">casino</a> resort towns of <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Valley" title="Las Vegas Valley">Las Vegas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reno,_Nevada" title="Reno, Nevada">Reno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a>; and the numerous <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">American Indian</a> tribal reservations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Major_metropolitan_areas">Major metropolitan areas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Major metropolitan areas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These are the largest Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA) with a population above 500,000 in the 13 Western states. Population figures are as of April 1, 2020, as enumerated by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-2020Census_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020Census-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Rank<br />(West)</th> <th>Rank<br />(USA)<sup id="cite_ref-2020Census_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020Census-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>MSA</th> <th>Population</th> <th>State(s)</th> <th class="unsortable">    </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>2</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>-<a href="/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach</a>-<a href="/wiki/Anaheim,_California" title="Anaheim, California">Anaheim</a> <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles metropolitan area">MSA</a></td> <td><b>13,200,998</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Los_Angeles,_Winter_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Los Angeles skyline"><img alt="Los Angeles skyline" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Los_Angeles%2C_Winter_2016.jpg/150px-Los_Angeles%2C_Winter_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Los_Angeles%2C_Winter_2016.jpg/225px-Los_Angeles%2C_Winter_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Los_Angeles%2C_Winter_2016.jpg/300px-Los_Angeles%2C_Winter_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="2552" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>11</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a>-<a href="/wiki/Mesa,_Arizona" title="Mesa, Arizona">Mesa</a>-<a href="/wiki/Chandler,_Arizona" title="Chandler, Arizona">Chandler</a> <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_metropolitan_area" title="Phoenix metropolitan area">MSA</a></td> <td><b>4,845,832</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_Phoenix_Aerial_Looking_Northeast.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Phoenix cityscape"><img alt="Phoenix cityscape" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Downtown_Phoenix_Aerial_Looking_Northeast.jpg/150px-Downtown_Phoenix_Aerial_Looking_Northeast.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Downtown_Phoenix_Aerial_Looking_Northeast.jpg/225px-Downtown_Phoenix_Aerial_Looking_Northeast.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Downtown_Phoenix_Aerial_Looking_Northeast.jpg/300px-Downtown_Phoenix_Aerial_Looking_Northeast.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3300" data-file-height="2550" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>12</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>-<a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland</a>-<a href="/wiki/Berkeley,_California" title="Berkeley, California">Berkeley</a> <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">MSA</a></td> <td><b>4,749,008</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lightmatter_sanfrancisco.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="San Francisco cityscape"><img alt="San Francisco cityscape" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Lightmatter_sanfrancisco.jpg/150px-Lightmatter_sanfrancisco.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Lightmatter_sanfrancisco.jpg/225px-Lightmatter_sanfrancisco.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Lightmatter_sanfrancisco.jpg/300px-Lightmatter_sanfrancisco.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>13</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Riverside,_California" title="Riverside, California">Riverside</a>-<a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino,_California" title="San Bernardino, California">San Bernardino</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ontario,_California" title="Ontario, California">Ontario</a> <a href="/wiki/Inland_Empire" title="Inland Empire">MSA</a></td> <td><b>4,599,839</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_San_Bernardino.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="San Bernardino skyline"><img alt="San Bernardino skyline" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Downtown_San_Bernardino.jpg/150px-Downtown_San_Bernardino.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Downtown_San_Bernardino.jpg/225px-Downtown_San_Bernardino.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Downtown_San_Bernardino.jpg/300px-Downtown_San_Bernardino.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="446" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>15</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>-<a href="/wiki/Tacoma,_Washington" title="Tacoma, Washington">Tacoma</a>-<a href="/wiki/Bellevue,_Washington" title="Bellevue, Washington">Bellevue</a> <a href="/wiki/Seattle_metropolitan_area" title="Seattle metropolitan area">MSA</a></td> <td><b>4,018,762</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seattleskyline1cropped.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Seattle skyline"><img alt="Seattle skyline" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Seattleskyline1cropped.JPG/150px-Seattleskyline1cropped.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Seattleskyline1cropped.JPG/225px-Seattleskyline1cropped.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Seattleskyline1cropped.JPG/300px-Seattleskyline1cropped.JPG 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="330" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>17</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>-<a href="/wiki/Chula_Vista,_California" title="Chula Vista, California">Chula Vista</a>-<a href="/wiki/Carlsbad,_California" title="Carlsbad, California">Carlsbad</a> <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego metropolitan area">MSA</a></td> <td><b>3,298,634</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sandiego_1_bg_071302.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Downtown San Diego"><img alt="Downtown San Diego" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sandiego_1_bg_071302.jpg/150px-Sandiego_1_bg_071302.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sandiego_1_bg_071302.jpg/225px-Sandiego_1_bg_071302.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sandiego_1_bg_071302.jpg/300px-Sandiego_1_bg_071302.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>19</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a>-<a href="/wiki/Aurora,_Colorado" title="Aurora, Colorado">Aurora</a>-<a href="/wiki/Lakewood,_Colorado" title="Lakewood, Colorado">Lakewood</a> <a href="/wiki/Denver_metropolitan_area" title="Denver metropolitan area">MSA</a></td> <td><b>2,963,821</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DENM.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Downtown Denver"><img alt="Downtown Denver" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/DENM.JPG/150px-DENM.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/DENM.JPG/225px-DENM.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/DENM.JPG/300px-DENM.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2160" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td>25</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland</a>-<a href="/wiki/Vancouver,_Washington" title="Vancouver, Washington">Vancouver</a>-<a href="/wiki/Hillsboro,_Oregon" title="Hillsboro, Oregon">Hillsboro</a> <a href="/wiki/Portland_metropolitan_area" title="Portland metropolitan area">MSA</a></td> <td><b>2,512,859</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Portland_panorama3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portland, Oregon, from the east"><img alt="Portland, Oregon, from the east" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Portland_panorama3.jpg/150px-Portland_panorama3.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Portland_panorama3.jpg/225px-Portland_panorama3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Portland_panorama3.jpg/300px-Portland_panorama3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3869" data-file-height="1422" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td>26</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a>-<a href="/wiki/Roseville,_California" title="Roseville, California">Roseville</a>-<a href="/wiki/Folsom,_California" title="Folsom, California">Folsom</a> <a href="/wiki/Sacramento_metropolitan_area" title="Sacramento metropolitan area">MSA</a></td> <td><b>2,397,382</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sacramento_Riverfront.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Sacramento Riverfront"><img alt="The Sacramento Riverfront" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Sacramento_Riverfront.jpg/150px-Sacramento_Riverfront.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Sacramento_Riverfront.jpg/225px-Sacramento_Riverfront.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Sacramento_Riverfront.jpg/300px-Sacramento_Riverfront.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td>29</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas</a>-<a href="/wiki/Henderson,_Nevada" title="Henderson, Nevada">Henderson</a>-<a href="/wiki/Paradise,_Nevada" title="Paradise, Nevada">Paradise</a> <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Valley" title="Las Vegas Valley">MSA</a></td> <td><b>2,265,461</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Strip_from_Eiffel_Tower_(9176999807).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Las Vegas Strip"><img alt="The Las Vegas Strip" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/The_Strip_from_Eiffel_Tower_%289176999807%29.jpg/150px-The_Strip_from_Eiffel_Tower_%289176999807%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/The_Strip_from_Eiffel_Tower_%289176999807%29.jpg/225px-The_Strip_from_Eiffel_Tower_%289176999807%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/The_Strip_from_Eiffel_Tower_%289176999807%29.jpg/300px-The_Strip_from_Eiffel_Tower_%289176999807%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td>35</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a>-<a href="/wiki/Sunnyvale,_California" title="Sunnyvale, California">Sunnyvale</a>-<a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara,_California" title="Santa Clara, California">Santa Clara</a> <a href="/wiki/San_Jose-San_Francisco-Oakland,_CA_Combined_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area">MSA</a></td> <td><b>2,000,468</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_san_jose_south_market_st.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Downtown San Jose"><img alt="Downtown San Jose" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Downtown_san_jose_south_market_st.jpg/150px-Downtown_san_jose_south_market_st.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Downtown_san_jose_south_market_st.jpg/225px-Downtown_san_jose_south_market_st.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Downtown_san_jose_south_market_st.jpg/300px-Downtown_san_jose_south_market_st.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td>47</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a> <a href="/wiki/Wasatch_Front" title="Wasatch Front">MSA</a></td> <td><b>1,257,936</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Salt_Lake_City_panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Salt Lake City"><img alt="Salt Lake City" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Salt_Lake_City_panorama.jpg/150px-Salt_Lake_City_panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Salt_Lake_City_panorama.jpg/225px-Salt_Lake_City_panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Salt_Lake_City_panorama.jpg/300px-Salt_Lake_City_panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1456" data-file-height="1004" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td>53</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona" title="Tucson, Arizona">Tucson</a> <a href="/wiki/Pima_County,_Arizona" title="Pima County, Arizona">MSA</a></td> <td><b>1,043,433</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CatalinasAndTucsonAZ.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tucson, Arizona"><img alt="Tucson, Arizona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/CatalinasAndTucsonAZ.jpg/150px-CatalinasAndTucsonAZ.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/CatalinasAndTucsonAZ.jpg/225px-CatalinasAndTucsonAZ.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/CatalinasAndTucsonAZ.jpg/300px-CatalinasAndTucsonAZ.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2240" data-file-height="1548" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>14</td> <td>54</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</a> <a href="/wiki/Honolulu_County,_Hawaii" title="Honolulu County, Hawaii">MSA</a></td> <td><b>1,016,508</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Honolulu01.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Downtown Honolulu"><img alt="Downtown Honolulu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Honolulu01.JPG/150px-Honolulu01.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Honolulu01.JPG/225px-Honolulu01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Honolulu01.JPG/300px-Honolulu01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1566" data-file-height="1161" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>15</td> <td>56</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Fresno,_California" title="Fresno, California">Fresno</a> <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Fresno" title="Metropolitan Fresno">MSA</a></td> <td><b>1,008,654</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtownfresno.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Downtown Fresno"><img alt="Downtown Fresno" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Downtownfresno.jpg/150px-Downtownfresno.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Downtownfresno.jpg/225px-Downtownfresno.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Downtownfresno.jpg/300px-Downtownfresno.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>16</td> <td>61</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Albuquerque,_New_Mexico" title="Albuquerque, New Mexico">Albuquerque</a> <a href="/wiki/Albuquerque_metropolitan_area" title="Albuquerque metropolitan area">MSA</a></td> <td><b>916,528</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_Albuquerque_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Downtown Albuquerque"><img alt="Downtown Albuquerque" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Downtown_Albuquerque_2.jpg/150px-Downtown_Albuquerque_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Downtown_Albuquerque_2.jpg/225px-Downtown_Albuquerque_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Downtown_Albuquerque_2.jpg/300px-Downtown_Albuquerque_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>17</td> <td>62</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bakersfield,_California" title="Bakersfield, California">Bakersfield</a> <a href="/wiki/Kern_County,_California" title="Kern County, California">MSA</a></td> <td><b>909,235</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DowntownBakersfield.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Downtown Bakersfield"><img alt="Downtown Bakersfield" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/DowntownBakersfield.jpg/150px-DowntownBakersfield.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/DowntownBakersfield.jpg/225px-DowntownBakersfield.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/DowntownBakersfield.jpg/300px-DowntownBakersfield.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>18</td> <td>70</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Oxnard,_California" title="Oxnard, California">Oxnard</a>-<a href="/wiki/Thousand_Oaks,_California" title="Thousand Oaks, California">Thousand Oaks</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ventura,_California" title="Ventura, California">Ventura</a> <a href="/wiki/Ventura_County,_California" title="Ventura County, California">MSA</a> </td> <td><b>843,843</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:VenturaNW.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aerial view of Ventura"><img alt="Aerial view of Ventura" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/VenturaNW.jpg/150px-VenturaNW.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/VenturaNW.jpg/225px-VenturaNW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/VenturaNW.jpg/300px-VenturaNW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3036" data-file-height="2157" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>19</td> <td>75</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Stockton,_California" title="Stockton, California">Stockton</a> <a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_County,_California" title="San Joaquin County, California">MSA</a></td> <td><b>779,233</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UOP-burnstower.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The University of the Pacific in Stockton"><img alt="The University of the Pacific in Stockton" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/UOP-burnstower.jpg/150px-UOP-burnstower.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/UOP-burnstower.jpg/225px-UOP-burnstower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/UOP-burnstower.jpg/300px-UOP-burnstower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>20</td> <td>77</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Boise,_Idaho" title="Boise, Idaho">Boise</a> <a href="/wiki/Boise_metropolitan_area" title="Boise metropolitan area">MSA</a></td> <td><b>764,718</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Boise_Idaho.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Idaho State Capitol building in Boise"><img alt="Idaho State Capitol building in Boise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Boise_Idaho.jpg/100px-Boise_Idaho.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Boise_Idaho.jpg/150px-Boise_Idaho.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Boise_Idaho.jpg/200px-Boise_Idaho.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1014" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>21</td> <td>79</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs,_Colorado" title="Colorado Springs, Colorado">Colorado Springs</a> <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs_metropolitan_area" title="Colorado Springs metropolitan area">MSA</a></td> <td><b>755,105</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CC_COSPRINGS.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Downtown Colorado Springs"><img alt="Downtown Colorado Springs" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/CC_COSPRINGS.jpg/150px-CC_COSPRINGS.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/CC_COSPRINGS.jpg/225px-CC_COSPRINGS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/CC_COSPRINGS.jpg/300px-CC_COSPRINGS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>22</td> <td>86</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Ogden,_Utah" title="Ogden, Utah">Ogden</a>-<a href="/wiki/Clearfield,_Utah" title="Clearfield, Utah">Clearfield</a> <a href="/wiki/Ogden-Clearfield_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Ogden-Clearfield metropolitan area">MSA</a></td> <td><b>694,863</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_ogden.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Downtown Ogden"><img alt="Downtown Ogden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Downtown_ogden.jpg/150px-Downtown_ogden.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Downtown_ogden.jpg/225px-Downtown_ogden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Downtown_ogden.jpg/300px-Downtown_ogden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="424" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>23</td> <td>89</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Provo,_Utah" title="Provo, Utah">Provo</a>-<a href="/wiki/Orem,_Utah" title="Orem, Utah">Orem</a> <a href="/wiki/Provo-Orem_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Provo-Orem metropolitan area">MSA</a></td> <td><b>671,185</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_Provo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Downtown Provo"><img alt="Downtown Provo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Downtown_Provo.jpg/150px-Downtown_Provo.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Downtown_Provo.jpg/225px-Downtown_Provo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Downtown_Provo.jpg/300px-Downtown_Provo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5248" data-file-height="2952" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>24</td> <td>99</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Spokane,_Washington" title="Spokane, Washington">Spokane</a>-<a href="/wiki/Spokane_Valley,_Washington" title="Spokane Valley, Washington">Spokane Valley</a> <a href="/wiki/Spokane_metropolitan_area" title="Spokane metropolitan area">MSA</a></td> <td><b>585,784</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SpokaneFromPalisades_20070614.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Downtown Spokane"><img alt="Downtown Spokane" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/SpokaneFromPalisades_20070614.jpg/150px-SpokaneFromPalisades_20070614.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/SpokaneFromPalisades_20070614.jpg/225px-SpokaneFromPalisades_20070614.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/SpokaneFromPalisades_20070614.jpg/300px-SpokaneFromPalisades_20070614.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3006" data-file-height="888" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>25</td> <td>103</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Modesto,_California" title="Modesto, California">Modesto</a> <a href="/wiki/Stanislaus_County,_California" title="Stanislaus County, California">MSA</a></td> <td><b>552,878</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Modesto_Arch.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The Modesto Arch"><img alt="The Modesto Arch" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Modesto_Arch.JPG/150px-Modesto_Arch.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Modesto_Arch.JPG/225px-Modesto_Arch.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Modesto_Arch.JPG/300px-Modesto_Arch.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_population_centers">Other population centers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Other population centers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The MSA of <a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso</a>, although belonging to <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, considered part of the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a>, it is sometimes also considered part of the Western United States. Its enumerated population in April 2020 was 868,859.<sup id="cite_ref-2020Census_46-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020Census-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The largest MSA in <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> is <a href="/wiki/Anchorage,_Alaska" title="Anchorage, Alaska">Anchorage</a>; it has an enumerated population of 398,328, as of April 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-2020Census_46-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020Census-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In the outlying areas of the Western United States, the largest population centers are <a href="/wiki/Tafuna" class="mw-redirect" title="Tafuna">Tafuna</a> in <a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dededo,_Guam" class="mw-redirect" title="Dededo, Guam">Dededo</a> in <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-GU_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GU-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Saipan" class="mw-redirect" title="Saipan">Saipan</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MP_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MP-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_USA_medicinal_marijuana.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Map_of_USA_medicinal_marijuana.svg/220px-Map_of_USA_medicinal_marijuana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Map_of_USA_medicinal_marijuana.svg/330px-Map_of_USA_medicinal_marijuana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Map_of_USA_medicinal_marijuana.svg/440px-Map_of_USA_medicinal_marijuana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="959" data-file-height="593" /></a><figcaption>States where state-level laws allowed legalized medicinal marijuana <a href="/wiki/Gonzales_v._Raich" title="Gonzales v. Raich">before 2005</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Legality_of_Assisted_Suicide_in_the_US.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Legality_of_Assisted_Suicide_in_the_US.svg/220px-Legality_of_Assisted_Suicide_in_the_US.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Legality_of_Assisted_Suicide_in_the_US.svg/330px-Legality_of_Assisted_Suicide_in_the_US.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Legality_of_Assisted_Suicide_in_the_US.svg/440px-Legality_of_Assisted_Suicide_in_the_US.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="959" data-file-height="593" /></a><figcaption> <b>State laws regarding assisted suicide in the United States</b> <hr /> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#025; color:white;"> </span> Legal</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#06f; color:white;"> </span> Legal under court ruling<sup>1</sup></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#900; color:white;"> </span> Illegal</div> <hr /> <sup>1</sup> In its 2009 decision <i><a href="/wiki/Baxter_v._Montana" title="Baxter v. Montana">Baxter v. Montana</a></i>, the <a href="/wiki/Montana_Supreme_Court" title="Montana Supreme Court">Montana Supreme Court</a> ruled that assisted suicide did not violate Montana legal precedent or state statutes, even though no Montana laws specifically allowed it.<br /> <div style="float:right"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Map_of_legality_surrounding_assisted_suicide_in_the_US" title="Template:Map of legality surrounding assisted suicide in the US"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Map_of_legality_surrounding_assisted_suicide_in_the_US" title="Template talk:Map of legality surrounding assisted suicide in the US"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Map_of_legality_surrounding_assisted_suicide_in_the_US" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Map of legality surrounding assisted suicide in the US"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></div></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_USA_highlighting_states_with_no_income_tax.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Map_of_USA_highlighting_states_with_no_income_tax.svg/220px-Map_of_USA_highlighting_states_with_no_income_tax.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Map_of_USA_highlighting_states_with_no_income_tax.svg/330px-Map_of_USA_highlighting_states_with_no_income_tax.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Map_of_USA_highlighting_states_with_no_income_tax.svg/440px-Map_of_USA_highlighting_states_with_no_income_tax.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="959" data-file-height="593" /></a><figcaption>States that have no <a href="/wiki/Income_tax" title="Income tax">income tax</a> at the <a href="/wiki/State_income_tax" title="State income tax">state level</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Coastal_California#Politics" title="Coastal California">Coastal California § Politics</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Left_Coast" title="Left Coast">Left Coast</a></div> <p>The region's distance from historical centers of power in the East, and the celebrated "<a href="/wiki/Frontier" title="Frontier">frontier</a> spirit" of its settlers offer two clichés for explaining the region's independent, heterogeneous politics.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Historically, the West was the first region to see widespread <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_suffrage_in_the_United_States" title="Women's suffrage in the United States">women's suffrage</a>, with women casting votes in <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a> as early as 1870, five decades before the <a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution">19th Amendment</a> was ratified by the nation. <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> birthed both the <a href="/wiki/Right_to_property" title="Right to property">property rights</a> and <a href="/wiki/Conservation_movement" title="Conservation movement">conservation movements</a>, and spawned such phenomena as the <a href="/wiki/California_Proposition_13_(1978)" class="mw-redirect" title="California Proposition 13 (1978)">Taxpayer Revolt</a> and the Berkeley <a href="/wiki/Free_Speech_Movement" title="Free Speech Movement">Free Speech Movement</a>. It has also produced three presidents: <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a>. </p><p>The prevalence of <a href="/wiki/Libertarianism" title="Libertarianism">libertarian</a> political attitudes is widespread. For example, the majority of Western states have legalized <a href="/wiki/Medicinal_marijuana" class="mw-redirect" title="Medicinal marijuana">medicinal marijuana</a> (all but <a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a>) and some forms of gambling (except <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>); <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a> have legalized <a href="/wiki/Assisted_suicide" title="Assisted suicide">physician-assisted suicide</a>; most rural counties in <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a> allow licensed brothels, and voters in <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a> have legalized recreational use of marijuana.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a> lean toward the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a>. In recent times, as seen in the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020 United States presidential election</a> and <a href="/wiki/2022_Arizona_gubernatorial_election" title="2022 Arizona gubernatorial election">2022 Arizona gubernatorial election</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> is also beginning to lean towards the Democratic Party as well. <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>'s two main political parties are the Green Party and the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a>. One of the longest-serving Democratic congressional leaders is from the region: former <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker of the United States House of Representatives</a> <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a> of <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> and most <a href="/wiki/Mountain_states" title="Mountain states">Mountain states</a> are more <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a> being Republican strongholds. The state of <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> has been won by the Republican presidential candidate in every election except three times since 1948, but in 2020 Arizona voted Democratic. Also, in 2018 and 2020, the GOP lost both U.S. Senate seats in Arizona to the Democrats. The states of <a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a>, <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a> have been won by every Republican presidential nominee since 1964. </p><p>The state of <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a> is considered a political bellwether, having correctly voted for every president except twice (in 1976 and 2016) since 1912. <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a> too is considered a bellwether, having voted for the popular vote winner in every presidential election since statehood, except in 1976. </p><p>As the fastest-growing demographic group, after <a href="/wiki/Asian_people" title="Asian people">Asians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Latinos</a> are hotly contested by both parties. Immigration is an important political issue for this group. Backlash against undocumented immigrants led to the passage of <a href="/wiki/California_Proposition_187" class="mw-redirect" title="California Proposition 187">California Proposition 187</a> in 1994, a ballot initiative which would have denied many public services to them. Association of this proposal with California Republicans, especially incumbent governor <a href="/wiki/Pete_Wilson" title="Pete Wilson">Pete Wilson</a>, drove many Hispanic voters to the Democrats.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The following table shows the breakdown of party affiliation of governors, attorneys general, state legislative houses, and U.S. congressional delegation for the Western states, as of 2019<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr align="center"> <th>State</th> <th>Governor</th> <th>Attorney General</th> <th>Upper House Majority</th> <th>Lower House Majority</th> <th>Senior U.S. Senator</th> <th>Junior U.S. Senator</th> <th>U.S. House Delegation </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Alaska" title="Political party strength in Alaska">AK</a> </th> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />13–7 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />23–16–1 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />1–0 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Arizona" title="Political party strength in Arizona">AZ</a> </th> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />16–14 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />31–29 </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC">Independent </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />6–3 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_California" title="Political party strength in California">CA</a> </th> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />29–11 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />61–19 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />42–11 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Colorado" title="Political party strength in Colorado">CO</a> </th> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />19–16 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />41–24 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />4–3 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Hawaii" title="Political party strength in Hawaii">HI</a> </th> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />24–1 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />46–5 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />2–0 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Idaho" title="Political party strength in Idaho">ID</a> </th> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />28–7 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />56–14 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />2–0 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Montana" title="Political party strength in Montana">MT</a> </th> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />30–20 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />58–42 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />1–0 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Nevada" title="Political party strength in Nevada">NV</a> </th> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />13–8 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />29–13 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />3–1 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_New_Mexico" title="Political party strength in New Mexico">NM</a> </th> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />26–16 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />46–24 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />2–1 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Oregon" title="Political party strength in Oregon">OR</a> </th> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />19–11 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />38–22 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />4–1 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Utah" title="Political party strength in Utah">UT</a> </th> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />23–6 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />59–16 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />4–0 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Washington_(state)" title="Political party strength in Washington (state)">WA</a> </th> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />28–21 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />57–41 </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />7–3 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Wyoming" title="Political party strength in Wyoming">WY</a> </th> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />28–2 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />51–7–2 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />1–0 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The following table shows the breakdown of party affiliation of governors, attorneys general, state legislative houses, and U.S. congressional delegation for the outlying areas of the Western United States, as of 2020<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr align="center"> <th>Territory</th> <th>Governor</th> <th>Attorney General</th> <th>Upper House Majority</th> <th>Lower House Majority</th> <th>Senior U.S. Senator</th> <th>Junior U.S. Senator</th> <th>U.S. House Delegation </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_American_Samoa" title="Political party strength in American Samoa">AS</a> </th> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC">Non-Partisan<br />18–0 </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC">Non-Partisan<br />21–0 </td> <td>None </td> <td>None </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />1–0 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Guam" title="Political party strength in Guam">GU</a> </th> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC">Independent </td> <td colspan="2" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />10–5 (unicameral) </td> <td>None </td> <td>None </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic<br />1–0 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Political party strength in the Northern Mariana Islands">MP</a> </th> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">Democratic </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />6–0–3 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">Republican<br />13–0–7 </td> <td>None </td> <td>None </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC">Independent<br />1–0 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health">Health</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Health"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Western United States consistently ranks well in health measures. The rate of potentially preventable hospitalizations in the Western United States was consistently lower than other regions from 2005 to 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the proportion of maternal or neonatal hospital stays was higher in the Western United States relative to other regions, the proportion of medical stays in hospitals was lower than in other regions in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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.reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CensusRegionsMap-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CensusRegionsMap_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CensusRegionsMap_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CensusRegionsMap_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CensusRegionsMap_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px 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Univ Pr of Kansas. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0700601684" title="Special:BookSources/978-0700601684"><bdi>978-0700601684</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Urban+West+at+the+End+of+the+Frontier&rft.pub=Univ+Pr+of+Kansas&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=978-0700601684&rft.aulast=Larsen&rft.aufirst=Lawrence+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Earl Pomeroy, <i>American Far West in the Twentieth Century</i> (Yale University Press, 2008)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mark Brilliant, and David M. Kennedy, eds., <i>World War II and the West It Wrought</i> (Stanford University Press, 2020) pp 1–3, 179–180. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/World-War-II-West-Wrought/dp/1503611574/">excerpt</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCanham,_Matt2005" class="citation news cs1">Canham, Matt (July 24, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sltrib.com/ci_2886596">"Mormon Portion of Utah Population Steadily Shrinking"</a>. The Salt Lake Tribune<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 23,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Mormon+Portion+of+Utah+Population+Steadily+Shrinking&rft.date=2005-07-24&rft.au=Canham%2C+Matt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sltrib.com%2Fci_2886596&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-turner-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-turner_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurner,_Frederick_Jackson1920" class="citation book cs1">Turner, Frederick Jackson (1920). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/22994/22994-h/22994-h.htm">"The Significance of the Frontier in American History"</a>. <i>The Frontier in American History</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Significance+of+the+Frontier+in+American+History&rft.btitle=The+Frontier+in+American+History&rft.date=1920&rft.au=Turner%2C+Frederick+Jackson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Ffiles%2F22994%2F22994-h%2F22994-h.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDary,_David1989" class="citation book cs1">Dary, David (1989). <i>Cowboy Culture: A Saga of Five Centuries</i> (second ed.). Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas. p. xi. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-0390-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-0390-9"><bdi>978-0-7006-0390-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cowboy+Culture%3A+A+Saga+of+Five+Centuries&rft.place=Lawrence%2C+Kansas&rft.pages=xi&rft.edition=second&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kansas&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-7006-0390-9&rft.au=Dary%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2020Census-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2020Census_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2020Census_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2020Census_46-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2020Census_46-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/CA">"Census QuickFacts: 2020 Census"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, Population Division. August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 12,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+QuickFacts%3A+2020+Census&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau%2C+Population+Division&rft.date=2021-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fquickfacts%2FCA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.citypopulation.de/AmSamoa.html">"American Samoa"</a>. <i>Citypopulation.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 9,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Citypopulation.de&rft.atitle=American+Samoa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.citypopulation.de%2FAmSamoa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFischer2014" class="citation web cs1">Fischer, Jonathan L. (November 5, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slate.com/blogs/the_slatest/2014/11/05/marijuana_legalization_oregon_alaska_and_d_c_pass_ballot_measures.html">"Marijuana Legalization Passes in Oregon, Alaska, D.C."</a> <i>Slate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=Marijuana+Legalization+Passes+in+Oregon%2C+Alaska%2C+D.C.&rft.date=2014-11-05&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slate.com%2Fblogs%2Fthe_slatest%2F2014%2F11%2F05%2Fmarijuana_legalization_oregon_alaska_and_d_c_pass_ballot_measures.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stephen D. Cummings and Patrick B. Reddy, <i>California after Arnold</i> (2009) pp. 165–170</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americansamoa.gov">"Home"</a>. <i>Americansamoa.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Americansamoa.gov&rft.atitle=Home&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americansamoa.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/Northern_Mariana_Islands_Commonwealth_Legislature">"Northern Mariana Islands Commonwealth Legislature"</a>. <i>Ballotpedia.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ballotpedia.org&rft.atitle=Northern+Mariana+Islands+Commonwealth+Legislature&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fballotpedia.org%2FNorthern_Mariana_Islands_Commonwealth_Legislature&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://guamlegislature.com/index/">"The 36th Guam Legislature"</a>. <i>guamlegislature.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=guamlegislature.com&rft.atitle=The+36th+Guam+Legislature&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fguamlegislature.com%2Findex%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTorio_CM,_Andrews_RM2014" class="citation journal cs1">Torio CM, Andrews RM (September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb178-Preventable-Hospitalizations-by-Region.jsp">"Geographic Variation in Potentially Preventable Hospitalizations for Acute and Chronic Conditions, 2005–2011"</a>. <i>HCUP Statistical Brief No. 178</i>. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25411684">25411684</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HCUP+Statistical+Brief+No.+178&rft.atitle=Geographic+Variation+in+Potentially+Preventable+Hospitalizations+for+Acute+and+Chronic+Conditions%2C+2005%E2%80%932011&rft.date=2014-09&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F25411684&rft.au=Torio+CM%2C+Andrews+RM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hcup-us.ahrq.gov%2Freports%2Fstatbriefs%2Fsb178-Preventable-Hospitalizations-by-Region.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWiess,_AJ_and_Elixhauser_A2014" class="citation web cs1">Wiess, AJ and Elixhauser A (October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb179-Emergency-Department-Trends.jsp">"Overview of Hospital Utilization, 2012"</a>. <i>HCUP Statistical Brief No. 180</i>. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HCUP+Statistical+Brief+No.+180&rft.atitle=Overview+of+Hospital+Utilization%2C+2012&rft.date=2014-10&rft.au=Wiess%2C+AJ+and+Elixhauser+A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hcup-us.ahrq.gov%2Freports%2Fstatbriefs%2Fsb179-Emergency-Department-Trends.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In 2020 <a href="/wiki/Mitzie_Jessop_Taase" title="Mitzie Jessop Taase">Mitzie Jessop Taase</a> was the acting attorney general of <a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a>. It is unclear which political party she belongs to.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_the_American_frontier" title="Bibliography of the American frontier">Bibliography of the American frontier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Western_fiction" title="Western fiction">Western fiction</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Western_film" title="Western film">Western film</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248332772">.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text{width:95%;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-content{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox{border:none;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;margin:0 0 0 1.6em!important;padding:0!important;width:auto;display:block}body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox.mbox-small-left{font-size:100%;width:auto;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text{padding:0!important;margin:0!important}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text-span{display:list-item;line-height:1.5em;list-style-type:disc}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-toggle,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-image,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-imageright,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-empty-cell,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This section has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Western_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Western United States">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Talk:Western_United_States" title="Talk:Western United States">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Further_reading_cleanup plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This "<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Layout#Further_reading" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout">Further reading</a>" section <b>may need cleanup</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please read the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Further_reading" title="Wikipedia:Further reading">editing guide</a> and help improve the section.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-move" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/50px-Split-arrows.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/75px-Split-arrows.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/100px-Split-arrows.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">It has been suggested that this section be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Splitting" title="Wikipedia:Splitting">split</a> out into another article titled <i><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_the_Western_United_States" title="Bibliography of the Western United States">Bibliography of the Western United States</a></i>. (<a href="/wiki/Talk:Western_United_States#Split_proposed" title="Talk:Western United States">Discuss</a>) <small><i>(December 2023)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Surveys">Surveys</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Surveys"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Deutsch, Sarah. <i>Making a Modern U.S. West: The Contested Terrain of a Region and Its Borders 1898–1940.</i> Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2022.</li> <li>Doig, Ivan. <i>This House of Sky: Landscapes of a Western Mind.</i> New York. 1978.</li> <li>Findlay, John M. <i>The Mobilized American West, 1940–2000.</i> Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 2023. Comprehensive history <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=59564">online review of this book</a></li> <li>Malone, Michael P., and Richard W. Etulain. <i>The American West: A Twentieth-Century History.</i> Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1989.</li> <li>Milner II, Clyde A; O'Connor, Carol A.; Sandweiss, Martha A. <i>The Oxford History of the American West.</i> Oxford University Press, 1994.</li> <li>Morgan, Neil Bowen. <i>Westward Tilt: The American West Today.</i> New York: Random House, 1963.</li> <li>Pomeroy, Earl. <i>The American Far West in the Twentieth Century.</i> New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2009. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0300158521" title="Special:BookSources/0300158521">0300158521</a></li> <li>Schwantes, Carlos Arnaldo. <i>Going Places: Transportation Redefines the Twentieth-Century West.</i> Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2003.</li> <li>Stegner, Wallace. <i>The Sound of Mountain Water: The Changing American West.</i> Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1969.</li> <li>White, Richard. <i>A New History of the American West: 'It's Your Misfortune and None of My Own.'</i> Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1991.</li> <li>Whitehead, John. <i>Completing the Union: Alaska, Hawai'i, and the Battle for Statehood.</i> Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2004</li> <li>Wiley, Peter, and Robert Gottlieb. <i>Empires in the Sun: The Rise of the New American West.</i> New York. 1982.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWrobel2017" class="citation book cs1">Wrobel, David M. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UUUzDwAAQBAJ"><i>America's West: A History, 1890–1950</i></a>. Cambridge Essential Histories. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-19201-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-19201-9"><bdi>978-0-521-19201-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=America%27s+West%3A+A+History%2C+1890%E2%80%931950&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+UK&rft.series=Cambridge+Essential+Histories&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0-521-19201-9&rft.aulast=Wrobel&rft.aufirst=David+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUUUzDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economy">Economy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Graham, Don. <i>Kings of Texas: The 150-Year Saga of an American Ranching Empire.</i> Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2003.</li></ul> <ul><li>Nash, Gerald D. <i>A.P. Giannini and the Bank of America.</i> Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992.</li> <li>Nash, Gerald D. <i>The Federal Landscape: An Economic History of the Twentieth-Century West.</i> Tucson: University of Arizona Press. 1999.</li> <li>O'Mara, Margaret. <i>The Code: Silicon Valley and the Remaking of America.</i> New York: Penguin Press, 2019.</li></ul> <ul><li>Robbins, William G. <i>Colony and Empire: The Capitalist Transformation of the American West.</i> Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1994.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environment">Environment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Environment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Abbey, Edward. <i>Desert Solitaire : A Season in the Wilderness.</i> New York: McGraw-Hill, 1968.</li> <li>Castaneda, Christopher J., and Lee M. A. Simpson, eds. <i>River City and Valley Life: An Environmental History of the Sacramento region.</i> Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2013. In California; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2A4gAgAAQBAJ&dq=River+City+and+Valley+Life:+An+Environmental+History+of+the+Sacramento+Region&pg=PP1">online</a></li> <li>Cawley, R. McGreggor. <i>Federal Land, Western Anger: The Sagebrush Rebellion and Environmental Politics.</i> Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1993. On conservatives.</li> <li>Cunfer, Geoff, and Bill Waiser, eds. <i>Bison and People on the North American Great Plains: A Deep Environmental History.</i> College Station, TX: Texas A&M University Press, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dRhDDQAAQBAJ&dq=Book+icon%09Bison+and+People+on+the+North+American+Great+Plains:+A+Deep+Environmental+History+&pg=PR5">online</a>.</li> <li>Dant, Sara. <i>Losing Eden: An Environmental History of the American West.</i> Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0Rq8EAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1">online</a>, also see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=59664">online book review</a></li> <li>DeBuys, William. <i>Enchantment and Exploitation: The Life and Hard Times of a New Mexico Mountain Range.</i> Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1985.</li> <li>DeVoto, Bernard. "The West: A Plundered Province." <i>Harper's Magazine</i> 169 (1934): 355–364.</li> <li>Dobie, J. Frank. <i>The Longhorns.</i> Boston: Little, Brown, 1941.</li> <li>Dobie, J. Frank. <i>The Mustangs.</i> Boston: Little, Brown, 1952.</li> <li>Dobie. J. Frank. <i>The Voice of the Coyote.</i> Boston: Little, Brown, 1949.</li> <li>Flores, Dan. <i>The Natural West: Environmental History in the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains.</i> Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mVFzlcaFB4MC&dq=dan+flores+natural+west&pg=PP13">online</a>.</li> <li>Fradkin, Philip. <i>A River No More: The Colorado River and the West,</i> 2nd ed. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996.</li> <li>Frehner, Brian, and Kathleen A. Brosnan, eds. <i>The Greater Plains: Rethinking a Region's Environmental Histories.</i> Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Rh4uEAAAQBAJ&dq=%09The+Greater+Plains:+Rethinking+a+Region%27s+Environmental+Histories&pg=PP1">online</a>.</li> <li>Harvey, Mark W. T. "Echo Park, Glen Canyon, and the Postwar Wilderness Movement." <i>Pacific Historical Review</i> (1991): 43–67. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3640418">online</a> Colorado River region</li> <li>Hollon, W. Eugene. <i>The Great American Desert, Then and Now.</i> Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1975.</li> <li>Huggard, Christopher, and Arthur R. Gómez. <i>Forests under Fire: A Century of Ecosystem Mismanagement in the Southwest.</i> Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2001.</li> <li>Hundley Jr., Norris. <i>Water and the West: The Colorado River Compact and the Politics of Water in the American West.</i> 2nd ed. University of California Press, 2009.</li> <li>Krutch, Joseph Wood. <i>The Voice of the Desert: A Naturalist's Interpretation.</i> New York: William Sloane Associates, 1954.</li> <li>Lamm, Richard D., and Michael McCarthy. <i>The Angry West: A Vulnerable Land and Its Future.</i> Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 1982.</li> <li>Logan, Michael F. <i>Desert Cities: The Environmental History of Phoenix and Tucson.</i> Pittsburgh, PA; University of Pittsburgh Press, 2006.</li> <li>Needham, Andrew. <i>Power Lines: Phoenix and the Making of the Modern Southwest.</i> Princeton, NJ: University of Princeton Press, 2014.</li> <li>Pisani, Donald J. <i>Water, Land, and Law in the West: The Limits of Public Policy, 1850-1920.</i> Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1996.</li> <li>Pyne, Stephen J. <i>Fire: A Brief History.</i> Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2001.</li> <li>Pyne, Stephen J. <i>Fire on the Rim: A Firefighter's Season at the Grand Canyon.</i> New York: Grove Press, 1989.</li> <li>Reisner, Marc. <i>Cadillac Desert: The American West and its Disappearing Water.</i> Penguin, 1993. Says the villain was the federal <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Reclamation" class="mw-redirect" title="Bureau of Reclamation">Bureau of Reclamation</a> see <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.waterbucket.ca/aw/sites/wbcaw/documents/media/24.pdfsummary">[1]</a>; also see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=frvKDY0rpToC&dq=marc+reisner+cadillac&pg=PA1">online copy</a>.</li> <li>Rowley, William D. <i>Reclaiming the Arid West: The Career of Francis G. Newlands.</i> Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996.</li> <li>Rundell Jr., Walter. <i>Oil in West Texas and New Mexico: A Pictorial History of the Permian Basin.</i> College Station: Texas A & M University Press, 1982.</li> <li>Stegner, Wallace. <i>The American West As Living Space.</i> Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1987.</li> <li>Sturgeon, Stephen Craig. <i>The Politics of Western Water: The Congressional Career of Wayne Aspinall.</i> Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press, 2002.</li> <li>Vogel, David. <i>California Greenin': How the Golden State became an Environmental Leader</i> Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2019).</li> <li>White, Richard. <i>The Organic Machine: The Remaking of the Columbia River.</i> New York: Hill and Wang, 1995.</li> <li>Wild, Peter. <i>Pioneer Conservationists of Western America</i> (1979) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pioneerconservat0000wild">online</a></li> <li>Worster, Donald. <i>Under Western Skies: Nature and History in the American West</i> Oxford University Press, 1992. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5GedEMPctHIC&dq=%22Under+western+skies%22&pg=PR11">online</a></li> <li>Worster, Donald. <i>Dust Bowl: The Southern Plains in the 1930s.</i> New York: Oxford University Press, 1979.</li> <li>Worster, Donald. <i>Rivers of Empire: Water, Aridity, and the Growth of the American West.</i> New York: Pantheon Books, 1987.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historiography">Historiography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Historiography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Billington, Ray Allen. <i>America's Frontier Heritage.</i> Albuquerque, University of New Mexico Press, 1984.</li> <li>Etulain, Richard W., "Clio's Disciples on the Rio Grande: Western History at the University of New Mexico", <i>New Mexico Historical Review</i> 87 (Summer 2012): 277–298.</li> <li>Etulain, Richard W. <i>Telling Western Stories: From Buffalo Bill to Larry McMurtry.</i> Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1999.</li> <li>Etulain, Richard W. <i>The American West and Its Interpreters.</i> Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2023.</li> <li>Etulain, Richard W. <i>Writing Western History: Essays On Major Western Historians</i> Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 2002.</li> <li>Faragher, John Mack, ed. <i>Rereading Frederick Jackson Turner: The Significance of the Frontier in American History and Other Essays.</i> New York: Holt, 1994.</li> <li>Frantz, Joe B. <i>Aspects of the American West: Three Essays.</i> College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1976.</li> <li>Gressley, Gene. "Whither Western American History? Speculations on a Direction," <i>Pacific Historical Review</i> 53, no. 4 (1984): 483–501.</li> <li>Malone, Michael P. "Beyond the Last Frontier: Toward a New Approach to Western American History." <i>The Western Historical Quarterly</i> 20, no. 4 (1989): 409–27.</li> <li>Malone, Michael P., ed. <i>Historians and the American West.</i> Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1983.</li> <li>Nash, Gerald D. <i>Creating the West: Historical Interpretations, 1890–1990.</i> Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1991.</li> <li>Nash, Gerald D., and Richard W. Etulain. <i>The Twentieth-Century West: Historical Interpretations.</i> Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1989.</li> <li>Norris Jr., Hundley, and John A. Schutz, ed. <i>The American West: Frontier and Region--Interpretations by John Walton Caughey.</i> Los Angeles, CA: Ward Ritchie Press, 1969.</li> <li>Pomeroy, Earl. "Toward a Reorientation of Western History: Continuity and Environment." <i>The Mississippi Valley Historical Review</i> 41, no. 4 (1955): 579–600.</li> <li>Prince, Gregory A. <i>Leonard Arrington and the Writing of Mormon History.</i> Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2016.</li> <li>Rensink, Brenden W., ed. <i>The North American West in the Twenty-First Century.</i> Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2022.</li> <li>Ridge, Martin. "The Life of an Idea: The Significance of Frederick Jackson Turner’s Frontier Thesis." <i>Montana: The Magazine of Western History</i> 41, no. 1 (1991): 2–13.</li> <li>Sonnichsen, C. L. <i>The Ambidextrous Historian: Historical Writers and Writing in the American West.</i> Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1981.</li> <li>Stegner, Wallace and Richard W. Etulain. <i>Stegner: Conversations on History and Literature.</i> Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1983.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Labor">Labor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Labor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Andrews, Thomas G. <i>Killing for Coal: America’s Deadliest Labor War.</i> Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008.</li> <li>Brykit, James W. <i>Forging the Copper Collar: Arizona's Labor-Management War of 1901-1921.</i> Tucson, University of Arizona Press, 1982.</li> <li>Lukas, J. Anthony. <i>Big Trouble: A Murder in a Small Western Town Sets Off a Struggle for the Soul of America.</i> New York: Simon and Schuster, 1997.</li> <li>Schwantes, Carlos Arnaldo. <i>Radical Heritage: Labor, Socialism, and Reform in Washington and British Columbia, 1885-1917.</i> Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1979.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_history">Military history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Military history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Amundson, Michael A. <i>Yellowcake Towns : Uranium Mining Communities in the American West.</i> Boulder: University Press of Colorado, 2002.</li> <li>Bolton, Roger E. <i>Defense Purchases and Regional Growth.</i> Washington, D.C. 1966.</li> <li>Brilliant, Mark and David M. Kennedy, eds. <i>World War II and the West It Wrought.</i> Redwood City, CA: Stanford University Press. 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1503611574/">excerpt</a></li> <li>Clayton, James L. "Impact of the Cold War on the Economies of California and Utah." <i>Pacific Historical Review,</i> 36 (1967): 449–473.</li> <li>Fernlund, Kevin J., ed. <i>The Cold War American West, 1945–1989.</i> Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1998.</li> <li>Findlay, John M. and Hevley, Bruce W. <i>Atomic Frontier Days : Hanford and the American West.</i> Center for the Study of the Pacific Northwest in Association with Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2011.</li> <li>Heefner, Gretchen. <i>The Missile Next Door: The Minuteman in the American Heartland.</i> Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2012.</li> <li>Hevly, Bruce W. and John M. Findlay, ed. <i>The Atomic West.</i> Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1998.</li> <li>Hull, McAllister, with Amy Bianco. <i>Rider of the Pale Horse: A Memoir of Los Alamos and Beyond.</i> Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2005.</li> <li>Hunner, Jon. <i>J. Robert Oppenheimer, the Cold War, and the Atomic West.</i> Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2009.</li> <li>Larson, T.A. <i>Wyoming's War Years, 1941–1945.</i> Laramie: University of Wyoming, 1954.</li> <li>Lotchin, Roger. <i>Japanese American Relocation in World War II: A Reconsideration.</i> Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2018.</li> <li>Lotchin, Roger W. "The Metropolitan-Military Complex in Comparative Perspective: San Francisco, Los Angeles, and San Diego, 1919–1941." <i>Journal of the West,</i> 20 (July 1979): 19–30.</li> <li>Martini, Edwin A. <i>Proving Grounds: Militarized Landscapes, Weapons Testing, and the Environmental Impact of U.S. Bases.</i> Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2015.</li> <li>Nash, Gerald D. <i>The American West Transformed: The Impact of the Second World War.</i> Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1985.</li> <li>Nash, Gerald D. <i>World War II and the West: Reshaping the Economy.</i> Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. 1990.</li> <li>Rosier, Paul C. "'They Are Ancestral Homelands': Race, Place, and Politics in Cold War Native America, 1945-1961." <i>The Journal of American History</i> 92, no. 4 (2006): 1300–26.</li> <li>Szasz, Ferenc Morton. <i>The Day the Sun Rose Twice: The Story of the Trinity Site Nuclear Explosion, July 16, 1945.</i> Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1984.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mythic_West">Mythic West</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Mythic West"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Athearn, Robert G.<i>The Mythic West in Twentieth-Century America.</i> Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1986.</li> <li>Etulain, Richard W. <i>Re-Imagining the Modern American West: A Century of Fiction, History, and Art.</i> Tucson: University of Arizona Press. 1996.</li> <li>Gibson, Arrell M. <i>The Santa Fe and Taos Colonies: Age of the Muses, 1900–1942.</i> Norman: University of New Mexico Press, 1988.</li> <li>Lehan, Richard. <i>Quest West: American Intellectual and Cultural Transformations.</i> Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2014.</li> <li>Savage Jr., William W. <i>The Cowboy Hero: His Image in American History and Culture.</i> Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1979.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Native_Americans">Native Americans</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Native Americans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Brown, Dee. <i>Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee: An Indian History of the American West.</i> New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1970.</li> <li>Debo, Angie. <i>And Still the Waters Run: The Betrayal of the Five Civilized Tribes.</i> Princeton, NJ: University of Princeton Press, 1968.</li> <li>Deloria Jr. Vine, and Clifford M. Lytle. <i>American Indians, American Justice.</i> Austin: University of Texas Press, 1983.</li> <li>Fixico, Donald L. <i>Termination and Relocation: Federal Indian Policy, 1945–1960.</i> Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1986.</li> <li>Iverson, Peter. <i>When Indians Became Cowboys: Native Peoples and Cattle Ranching in the American West.</i> Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1994.</li> <li>Parman, Donald Lee. <i>Indians and the American West in the Twentieth Century.</i> Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics_2">Politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Danbom, David B. <i>Bridging the Distance: Common Issues of the Rural West.</i> Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2015.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEverett2014" class="citation book cs1">Everett, Derek R. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Q8WmAwAAQBAJ"><i>Creating the American West: Boundaries and Borderlands</i></a>. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8061-4614-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8061-4614-0"><bdi>978-0-8061-4614-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Creating+the+American+West%3A+Boundaries+and+Borderlands&rft.place=Norman&rft.pub=University+of+Oklahoma+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-8061-4614-0&rft.aulast=Everett&rft.aufirst=Derek+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ8WmAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Fernlund, Kevin J. <i>Lyndon B. Johnson and Modern America.</i> Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2009.</li> <li>Iverson, Peter. <i>Barry Goldwater: Native Arizonan.</i> Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997.</li> <li>Lowitt, Richard. <i>The New Deal and the West.</i> Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1984 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newdealwest0000lowi/page/n7/mode/2up">online</a></li> <li>Rothman, Hal K. <i>LBJ's Texas White House: 'Our Heart's Home.'</i> College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2001.</li> <li>Smith, Thomas G. <i>Stewart L. Udall: Steward of the Land.</i> Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2017.</li> <li>Stratton, David H. <i>Tempest Over Teapot Dome: The Story of Albert B. Fall.</i> Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1998.</li> <li>Young, Nancy Beck. <i>Two Suns of the Southwest: Lyndon Johnson, Barry Goldwater, and the 1964 Battle between Liberalism and Conservatism.</i> Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2019.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reference">Reference</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Reference"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeckHaase1989" class="citation book cs1">Beck, Warren A.; Haase, Ynez D. (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8F1eGSL6_lwC"><i>Historical Atlas of the American West</i></a>. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8061-2456-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8061-2456-8"><bdi>978-0-8061-2456-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Atlas+of+the+American+West&rft.place=Norman&rft.pub=University+of+Oklahoma+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-8061-2456-8&rft.aulast=Beck&rft.aufirst=Warren+A.&rft.au=Haase%2C+Ynez+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8F1eGSL6_lwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Lamar, Howard. <i>The New Encyclopedia of the American West.</i> New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1998.</li> <li>Newark, Peter. <i>The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Old West.</i> Reprint, New York: Gallery Books, 1985.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhillipsAxelrod1996" class="citation book cs1">Phillips, C.; Axelrod, A. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4MNXAAAAYAAJ"><i>Encyclopedia of the American West</i></a>. Simon & Schuster/Macmillan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-02-897497-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-02-897497-2"><bdi>978-0-02-897497-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+American+West&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster%2FMacmillan&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-02-897497-2&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=C.&rft.au=Axelrod%2C+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4MNXAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Witschi, Nicolas S., ed. <i>A Companion to the Literature and Culture of the American West.</i> Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2011.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Avella, Steven M. "Catholicism in the Twentieth-Century American West: The Next Frontier." <i>The Catholic Historical Review</i> 97, no. 2 (2011): 219–49.</li> <li>Stegner, Wallace. <i>Mormon Country.</i> New York: Duell, Sloan & Pearce, 1942.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Barber, Alicia. <i>Reno’s Big Gamble: Image and Reputation in the Biggest Little City.</i> Lawrence: University Press of Kansas. 2008.</li> <li>Cottam, Erica. <i>Hubbell Trading Post: Trade, Tourism, and the Navajo Southwest.</i> Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2015.</li> <li>McCormack, Kara L. <i>Imagining Tombstone: The Town Too Tough to Die.</i> Lawrence, University Press of Kansas, 2016.</li> <li>Pomeroy, Earl. <i>In Search of the Golden West: The Tourist in Western America.</i> New York: Knopf, 1957.</li> <li>Rothman, Hal K. <i>Devil's Bargains: Tourism and the Twentieth-Century American West.</i> Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1998.</li> <li>Rugh, Susan Sessions. "Branding Utah: Industrial Tourism in the Postwar American West." <i>Western Historical Quarterly</i> 37, no. 4 (2006): 445–472.</li> <li>Stratton, David H. <i>Tucumcari Tonite!: A Story of Railroads, Route 66, and the Waning of a Western Town.</i> Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2022.</li> <li>Wrobel, David. <i>Promised Lands: Promotion, Memory, and the Creation of the American West.</i> Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2002.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Urban_West">Urban West</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Urban West"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbbott2008" class="citation book cs1">Abbott, Carl (2008). <i>How Cities Won the West: Four Centuries of Urban Change in Western North America</i>. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8263-3312-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8263-3312-4"><bdi>978-0-8263-3312-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Cities+Won+the+West%3A+Four+Centuries+of+Urban+Change+in+Western+North+America&rft.place=Albuquerque&rft.pub=University+of+New+Mexico+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-8263-3312-4&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=Carl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Cline, Platt. <i>Mountain Town: Flagstaff's First Century.</i> Flagstaff, AZ: Northland Publishing, 1994.</li> <li>Davis, Mike. <i>City of Quartz: Excavating the Future of Los Angeles.</i> New York: Verso, 1990.</li> <li>Findlay, John M. <i>Magic Lands: Western Cityscapes and American Culture After 1940.</i> Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992.</li> <li>Gómez, Arthur R. <i>Quest for the Golden Circle: The Four Corners and the Metropolitan West, 1945-1970.</i> Albuquerque: University of New Mexico, 1994.</li> <li>Leonard, Stephen J., and Thomas J. Noel. <i>Denver: Mining Camp to Metropolis.</i> Boulder: University Press of Colorado, 1990.</li> <li>Luckingham, Bradford. <i>The Urban Southwest: A Profile History of Albuquerque, El Paso, Phoenix, and Tucson.</i> El Paso: Texas Western Press, 1982.</li> <li>Nash, Gerald D. <i>The American West in the Twentieth Century – A Short History of an Urban Oasis.</i> Hoboken, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1973.</li> <li>Rothman, Hal. <i>Neon Metropolis: How Las Vegas Started the Twenty-First Century.</i> Oxfordshire, UK: Routledge, 2003.</li> <li>Sonnichsen, C.L. <i>Tucson: The Life and Times of an American City.</i> Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1982.</li> <li>Stratten, David H., ed. <i>Spokane and the Inland Empire: An Interior Pacific Northwest Anthology.</i> Rev. ed. Pullman: Washington State University Press, 2007.</li> <li>Wilson, Chris. <i>The Myth of Santa Fe: Creating a Modern Regional Tradition.</i> Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1997.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_United_States&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Western_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Western United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Western_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Western United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ECA8B3;;width:1%">Regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Basin" title="Great Basin">Great Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest" title="Pacific Northwest">Pacific Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain States">Mountain States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ECA8B3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">States</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ECA8B3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">Territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ECA8B3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Major metropolitan areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Los_Angeles" title="Greater Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_metropolitan_area" title="Phoenix metropolitan area">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco Bay Area</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose%E2%80%93San_Francisco%E2%80%93Oakland,_CA_Combined_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area">San Jose–Oakland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inland_Empire_(California)" class="mw-redirect" title="Inland Empire (California)">San Bernardino-Riverside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seattle_metropolitan_area" title="Seattle metropolitan area">Seattle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego metropolitan area">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denver_metropolitan_area" title="Denver metropolitan area">Denver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland_metropolitan_area" title="Portland metropolitan area">Portland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Valley" title="Las Vegas Valley">Las Vegas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento_metropolitan_area" title="Sacramento metropolitan area">Sacramento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City_metropolitan_area" title="Salt Lake City metropolitan area">Salt Lake City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honolulu_County,_Hawaii" title="Honolulu County, Hawaii">Honolulu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oahu" title="Oahu">Oʻahu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albuquerque_metropolitan_area" title="Albuquerque metropolitan area">Albuquerque</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albuquerque%E2%80%93Santa_Fe%E2%80%93Las_Vegas_combined_statistical_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Albuquerque–Santa Fe–Las Vegas combined statistical area">Santa Fe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchorage_metropolitan_area" title="Anchorage metropolitan area">Anchorage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ECA8B3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">Major cities</a> (over 300k)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albuquerque,_New_Mexico" title="Albuquerque, New Mexico">Albuquerque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaheim,_California" title="Anaheim, California">Anaheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurora,_Colorado" title="Aurora, Colorado">Aurora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakersfield,_California" title="Bakersfield, California">Bakersfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs,_Colorado" title="Colorado Springs, Colorado">Colorado Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno,_California" title="Fresno, California">Fresno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henderson,_Nevada" title="Henderson, Nevada">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesa,_Arizona" title="Mesa, Arizona">Mesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside,_California" title="Riverside, California">Riverside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Ana,_California" title="Santa Ana, California">Santa Ana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockton,_California" title="Stockton, California">Stockton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona" title="Tucson, Arizona">Tucson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ECA8B3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States">State capitals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boise,_Idaho" title="Boise, Idaho">Boise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carson_City,_Nevada" title="Carson City, Nevada">Carson City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheyenne,_Wyoming" title="Cheyenne, Wyoming">Cheyenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena,_Montana" title="Helena, Montana">Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juneau,_Alaska" title="Juneau, Alaska">Juneau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Washington" title="Olympia, Washington">Olympia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salem,_Oregon" title="Salem, Oregon">Salem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Fe,_New_Mexico" title="Santa Fe, New Mexico">Santa Fe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ECA8B3;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States">Territorial capitals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hag%C3%A5t%C3%B1a,_Guam" title="Hagåtña, Guam">Hagåtña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pago_Pago" class="mw-redirect" title="Pago Pago">Pago Pago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saipan" class="mw-redirect" title="Saipan">Saipan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Earth&#039;s_primary_regions_and_subregions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Regions_of_the_world" title="Template:Regions of the world"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Regions_of_the_world" title="Template talk:Regions of the world"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Regions_of_the_world" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Regions of the world"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Earth&#039;s_primary_regions_and_subregions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a>'s primary <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_geoscheme" title="United Nations geoscheme">regions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Subregion" title="Subregion">subregions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/World" title="World">Worlds</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_World" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab World">Arab World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Down_Under" title="Down Under">Down Under</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_World" title="Old World">Old World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-world_model" title="Three-world model">Three/Four Worlds</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_World" title="First World">First World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_World" title="Second World">Second World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_World" title="Third World">Third World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_World" title="Fourth World">Fourth World</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hemispheres_of_Earth" title="Hemispheres of Earth">Hemispheres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Hemisphere" title="Eastern Hemisphere">Eastern Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_and_water_hemispheres" title="Land and water hemispheres">Land Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Hemisphere" title="Northern Hemisphere">Northern Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Hemisphere" title="Southern Hemisphere">Southern Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_and_water_hemispheres" title="Land and water hemispheres">Water Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Hemisphere" title="Western Hemisphere">Western Hemisphere</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Landmass" title="Landmass">Landmasses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Eurasia" title="Afro-Eurasia">Africa-Eurasia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Australia" title="Mainland Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zealandia" title="Zealandia">Zealandia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Submerged_continent" title="Submerged continent">submerged</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tectonic_plates" class="mw-redirect" title="Tectonic plates">Tectonic plates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Continent" title="Continent">Continents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_basin" title="Mediterranean basin">Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahara" title="Sahara">Saharan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">Northern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb">Maghreb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashriq" title="Mashriq">Mashriq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_and_North_Africa" title="Middle East and North Africa">Middle East and North Africa</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-Saharan_Africa" title="Sub-Saharan Africa">Sub-Saharan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Africa" title="Central Africa">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Africa" title="East Africa">East</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horn_of_Africa" title="Horn of Africa">Horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Great_Lakes" title="African Great Lakes">Great Lakes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Africa" title="Southern Africa">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Africa" title="West Africa">Western</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Antarctica" title="East Antarctica">East Antarctica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Plateau" title="Antarctic Plateau">Antarctic Plateau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transantarctic_Mountains" title="Transantarctic Mountains">Transantarctic Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Antarctica" title="West Antarctica">West Antarctica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Peninsula" title="Antarctic Peninsula">Antarctic Peninsula</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asia%E2%80%93Pacific" title="Asia–Pacific">Asia–Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aral_Sea" title="Aral Sea">Aral Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aralkum_Desert" title="Aralkum Desert">Aralkum Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">Eastern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Asia" title="Inner Asia">Inner Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Central_Asia" title="Greater Central Asia">Greater Central Asia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Asia" title="Northeast Asia">Northeastern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_East" title="Far East">Far East</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Asia" title="Pacific Asia">Pacific Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Far_East" title="Russian Far East">Russian Far East</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Asia" title="North Asia">Northern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_(region)" title="Ural (region)">Ural</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeastern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Southeast_Asia" title="Mainland Southeast Asia">Mainland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asia" title="Maritime Southeast Asia">Maritime</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">Southern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Himalayan_states" title="Himalayan states">Himalayan states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_South_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Regions of South Asia">Subregions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Asia" title="West Asia">Western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus" title="South Caucasus">South Caucasus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Iran" title="Greater Iran">Greater Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_plateau" title="Iranian plateau">Iranian plateau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dead_Sea" title="Dead Sea">Dead Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levantine_Sea" title="Levantine Sea">Levantine Sea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mashriq" title="Mashriq">Mashriq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_and_North_Africa" title="Middle East and North Africa">Middle East and North Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near_East" title="Near East">Near East</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Europe" title="Central Europe">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">Eastern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus" title="North Caucasus">North Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus" title="South Caucasus">South Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Russia" title="Southern Russia">Southern Russia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Russia" title="European Russia">European Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Europe" title="Southeast Europe">Southeastern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Europe" title="Northern Europe">Northern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_states" title="Baltic states">Baltic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Isles" title="British Isles">British Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_countries" title="Nordic countries">Nordic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Europe" title="Northwestern Europe">Northwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Peninsula" title="Scandinavian Peninsula">Scandinavian Peninsula</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Europe" title="Southern Europe">Southern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_basin" title="Mediterranean basin">Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy_(geographical_region)" title="Italy (geographical region)">Italy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Peninsula">Italian Peninsula</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Europe" title="Southeast Europe">South-eastern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkan Peninsula</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">South-western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Europe" title="Western Europe">Western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Europe" title="Atlantic Europe">Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_Countries" title="Low Countries">Low Countries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Europe" title="Northwestern Europe">Northwestern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_nations" title="Celtic nations">Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic-speaking_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanic-speaking Europe">Germanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance-speaking_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Romance-speaking Europe">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavs" title="Slavs">Slavic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aridoamerica" title="Aridoamerica">Aridoamerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerica" title="Mesoamerica">Mesoamerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_America_(Americas)" title="Middle America (Americas)">Middle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_America" title="Northern America">Northern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appalachia" title="Appalachia">Appalachia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bible_Belt" title="Bible Belt">Bible Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">East Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_region" title="Great Lakes region">Great Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_(United_States)" title="Mid-Atlantic (United States)">Mid-Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_states" title="Mountain states">Mountain states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">Northeastern United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest" title="Pacific Northwest">Pacific Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_South_Central_states" title="West South Central states">West South Central United States</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Western United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Canada" title="Atlantic Canada">Atlantic Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Prairies" title="Canadian Prairies">Canadian Prairies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Canada" title="Central Canada">Central Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Canada" title="Eastern Canada">Eastern Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Canada" title="Northern Canada">Northern Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Canada" title="Western Canada">Western Canada</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mexico" title="Northern Mexico">Northern Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Indies" title="West Indies">West Indies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-America" title="Anglo-America">Anglo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_America" title="French America">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibero-America" title="Ibero-America">Ibero</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_America" title="Hispanic America">Hispanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_America" title="Portuguese America">Portuguese</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_America_and_the_Caribbean" title="Latin America and the Caribbean">Latin America and the Caribbean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia">Australasia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia_(continent)" title="Australia (continent)">Australia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Australia" title="Mainland Australia">Mainland Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zealandia" title="Zealandia">Zealandia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanesia" title="Melanesia">Melanesia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Island_Melanesia" title="Island Melanesia">Island Melanesia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near_Oceania" title="Near Oceania">Near Oceania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_Oceania" title="Remote Oceania">Remote Oceania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_basin" title="Amazon basin">Amazon Plain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Basin_(sedimentary_basin)" title="Amazon Basin (sedimentary basin)">Amazon Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_rainforest" title="Amazon rainforest">Amazon Rainforest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andean_Community" title="Andean Community">Andean States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Highlands" title="Brazilian Highlands">Brazilian Highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_South_America" title="Caribbean South America">Caribbean South America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Guianas" title="The Guianas">The Guianas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_America_and_the_Caribbean" title="Latin America and the Caribbean">Latin America and the Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Cone" title="Southern Cone">Southern Cone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patagonia" title="Patagonia">Patagonia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_islands" title="Lists of islands">Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/Continent" title="Continent">continent</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Africa" title="List of islands of Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_islands_of_the_Americas" title="Lists of islands of the Americas">America</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_North_America" title="List of islands of North America">North America</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Caribbean_islands" title="List of Caribbean islands">Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Central_America" title="List of islands of Central America">Central America</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_South_America" title="List of islands of South America">South America</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Antarctic_and_subantarctic_islands" title="List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands">Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of islands of Asia">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Europe" title="List of islands of Europe">Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_islands_by_area" title="List of European islands by area">by area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_islands_by_population" title="List of European islands by population">by population</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Pacific_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Pacific Ocean">Oceania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Australia" title="List of islands of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_New_Zealand" title="List of islands of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">ocean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Arctic_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Atlantic_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Baltic_Sea" title="List of islands in the Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Black_Sea" title="List of islands in the Black Sea">Black Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Caribbean_islands" title="List of Caribbean islands">Caribbean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Irish_Sea" title="List of islands in the Irish Sea">Irish Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Mediterranean" title="List of islands in the Mediterranean">Mediterranean Sea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Adriatic" title="List of islands in the Adriatic">Adriatic Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Aegean_Islands" title="List of Aegean Islands">Aegean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands" title="Ionian Islands">Ionian Sea</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Indian_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Persian_Gulf" title="List of islands in the Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Pacific_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_East_China_Sea" title="List of islands in the East China Sea">East China Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_South_China_Sea" title="List of islands in the South China Sea">South China Sea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Antarctic_and_subantarctic_islands" title="List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands">Southern Ocean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">Oceans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ocean" title="Southern Ocean">Antarctic/Southern Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Convergence" title="Antarctic Convergence">Antarctic Convergence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Barrier_Reef" title="Great Barrier Reef">Great Barrier Reef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariana_Trench" title="Mariana Trench">Mariana Trench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_of_Fire" title="Ring of Fire">Ring of Fire</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean#World_Ocean" title="Ocean">World Ocean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="/wiki/Body_of_water" title="Body of water">waterbodies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes" title="List of lakes">Lakes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_lakes" title="Lists of lakes">lists</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_rivers" title="Lists of rivers">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_seas_on_Earth" title="List of seas on Earth">Seas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Rim_regions" title="Category:Rim regions">Rim</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Rim" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic Rim">Atlantic Rim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Mediterranean" title="Indo-Mediterranean">Indo-Mediterranean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_Rim" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Ocean Rim">Indian Ocean Rim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Rim" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean Rim">Mediterranean Rim</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Rim" title="Pacific Rim">Pacific Rim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Polar_regions_of_Earth" title="Polar regions of Earth">Polar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic" title="Antarctic">Antarctic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic" title="Arctic">Arctic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Global_regions" title="Category:Global regions">Global</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_East" title="Global East">Global East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Geographical_Pivot_of_History#The_Heartland" title="The Geographical Pivot of History">Global Heartland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_North_and_Global_South" title="Global North and Global South">Global North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Asia" title="Northeast Asia">Global Northeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Northwest" title="Global Northwest">Global Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_North_and_Global_South" title="Global North and Global South">Global South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Southeast" title="Global Southeast">Global Southeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Southwest" title="Global Southwest">Global Southwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">Global West</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/16px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/23px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/31px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Template:Continents_of_Earth" title="Template:Continents of Earth">Continents of Earth</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:List_of_seas" title="Template:List of seas">List of seas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Earth" title="Template:Earth">Physical Earth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Regions_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Regions_of_the_United_States" title="Template:Regions of the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Regions_of_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Regions of the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Regions_of_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Regions of the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Regions_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions of the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Administrative</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;font-weight:normal;">Units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">District of Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">Territory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insular_area" title="Insular area">Insular area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Minor_Outlying_Islands" title="United States Minor Outlying Islands">Minor Outlying Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribal_sovereignty_in_the_United_States" title="Tribal sovereignty in the United States">Tribal domestic dependent nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._territorial_sovereignty#Maritime_territory_of_the_United_States" title="U.S. territorial sovereignty">Maritime territory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Time_in_the_United_States" title="Time in the United States">Time zones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chamorro_Time_Zone" title="Chamorro Time Zone">Chamorro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoa_Time_Zone" title="Samoa Time Zone">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaii%E2%80%93Aleutian_Time_Zone" title="Hawaii–Aleutian Time Zone">Hawaii–Aleutian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Time_Zone" title="Alaska Time Zone">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Time_Zone" title="Pacific Time Zone">Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Time_Zone" title="Mountain Time Zone">Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Time_Zone" title="Central Time Zone">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Time_Zone" title="Eastern Time Zone">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Time_Zone" title="Atlantic Time Zone">Atlantic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">Census</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">West</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_states" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific states">Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_states" title="Mountain states">Mountain</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_North_Central_states" title="East North Central states">E N Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_North_Central_states" title="West North Central states">W N Central</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">Northeast</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_(United_States)" title="Mid-Atlantic (United States)">Middle Atlantic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">South</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Atlantic_states" title="South Atlantic states">S Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_South_Central_states" title="East South Central states">E S Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_South_Central_states" title="West South Central states">W S Central</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_courts_of_appeals" title="United States courts of appeals">Courts of<br />appeals</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_First_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Second_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Third_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fourth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fifth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Seventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eighth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit">8th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">9th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Tenth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit">10th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit">11th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_United_States" title="Geography of the United States">Physical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Physiographic_regions_of_the_United_States" title="Physiographic regions of the United States">Physiographic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coast_Ranges" title="Pacific Coast Ranges">Pacific Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intermontane_Plateaus" title="Intermontane Plateaus">Intermontane Plateaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurentian_Upland" title="Laurentian Upland">Laurentian Upland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interior_Plains" title="Interior Plains">Interior Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Interior_Highlands" title="U.S. Interior Highlands">Interior Highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Highlands" title="Appalachian Highlands">Appalachian Highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Plain" title="Atlantic Plain">Atlantic Plain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tidewater_(region)" title="Tidewater (region)">Tidewater</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_coastline" title="List of U.S. states and territories by coastline">Coastal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arctic" title="Arctic">Arctic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_region" title="Great Lakes region">Great Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="Gulf Coast of the United States">Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">East</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Historical_regions_of_the_United_States" title="Historical regions of the United States">Historical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Territorial_evolution_of_the_United_States" title="Territorial evolution of the United States">Acquisitions</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">Thirteen Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Territory" title="Northwest Territory">Northwest Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Territory" title="Southwest Territory">Southwest Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase" title="Louisiana Purchase">Louisiana Purchase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadsden_Purchase" title="Gadsden Purchase">Gadsden Purchase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_1818" title="Treaty of 1818">Treaty of 1818</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adams%E2%80%93On%C3%ADs_Treaty" title="Adams–Onís Treaty">Adams–Onís Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_annexation" title="Texas annexation">Texas annexation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon_Treaty" title="Oregon Treaty">Oregon Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Cession" title="Mexican Cession">Mexican Cession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Purchase" title="Alaska Purchase">Alaska Purchase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newlands_Resolution" title="Newlands Resolution">Newlands Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1898)" title="Treaty of Paris (1898)">Acquisition of Puerto Rico and Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Cession_of_Tutuila" title="Treaty of Cession of Tutuila">Cession of Tutuila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Cession_of_Manu%27a" title="Treaty of Cession of Manu'a">Cession of Manu'a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Enabling_Act" title="Oklahoma Enabling Act">Annexation of the Indian Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_the_Danish_West_Indies" title="Treaty of the Danish West Indies">Treaty of the Danish West Indies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands#United_Nations_trusteeship" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Acquisition of the Northern Mariana Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_(American_Civil_War)" title="Union (American Civil War)">Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Border_states_(American_Civil_War)" title="Border states (American Civil War)">Border states</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederacy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_South" title="Old South">Old South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dixie" title="Dixie">Dixie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slave_states_and_free_states" title="Slave states and free states">Slave states and free states</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Divided</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Northeast" title="Atlantic Northeast">Atlantic Northeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Californias" title="The Californias">The Californias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_District" title="Columbia District">Columbia District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon_Country" title="Oregon Country">Oregon Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest" title="Pacific Northwest">Pacific Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prairie_Pothole_Region" title="Prairie Pothole Region">Prairie Pothole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoan_Islands" title="Samoan Islands">Samoan Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonoran_Desert" title="Sonoran Desert">Sonoran Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_Islands" title="Virgin Islands">Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appalachia" title="Appalachia">Appalachia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_United_States" title="Central United States">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_United_States" title="Eastern United States">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Corners" title="Four Corners">Four Corners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Plains_(United_States)" title="High Plains (United States)">High Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intermountain_states" class="mw-redirect" title="Intermountain states">Intermountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_border_states_of_the_United_States" title="International border states of the United States">International border states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariana_Islands" title="Mariana Islands">Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_United_States" title="Northern United States">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_United_States" title="Northwestern United States">Northwestern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cascadia_(bioregion)" title="Cascadia (bioregion)">Cascadia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_states_and_blue_states" title="Red states and blue states">Red states and blue states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_United_States" title="Southeastern United States">Southeastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deep_South" title="Deep South">Deep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-South_(region)" title="Mid-South (region)">Mid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_South" title="New South">New</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solid_South" title="Solid South">Solid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upland_South" title="Upland South">Upland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Midwest" title="Upper Midwest">Upper Midwest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States" title="List of regions of the United States">List</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Regions_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Regions of the United States">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Regions_of_the_United_States" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Regions of the United States">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_topics" title="Template:United States topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_topics" title="Template talk:United States topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States" title="History of the United States">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By period</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1776%E2%80%931789)" title="History of the United States (1776–1789)">1776–1789</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1789%E2%80%931815)" title="History of the United States (1789–1815)">1789–1815</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1815%E2%80%931849)" title="History of the United States (1815–1849)">1815–1849</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1849%E2%80%931865)" title="History of the United States (1849–1865)">1849–1865</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1865%E2%80%931917)" title="History of the United States (1865–1917)">1865–1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1917%E2%80%931945)" title="History of the United States (1917–1945)">1917–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1945%E2%80%931964)" title="History of the United States (1945–1964)">1945–1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1964%E2%80%931980)" title="History of the United States (1964–1980)">1964–1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1980%E2%80%931991)" title="History of the United States (1980–1991)">1980–1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1991%E2%80%932008)" title="History of the United States (1991–2008)">1991–2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(2008%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the United States (2008–present)">2008–present</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By event</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_era" title="Pre-Columbian era">Pre-colonial era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_history_of_the_United_States" title="Colonial history of the United States">Colonial era</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stamp_Act_Congress" title="Stamp Act Congress">Stamp Act Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">Thirteen Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Congress" title="Continental Congress">Continental Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Association" title="Continental Association">Continental Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Colonies" title="United Colonies">United Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_American_military_history" title="Colonial American military history">military history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halifax_Resolves" title="Halifax Resolves">Halifax Resolves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Resolution" title="Lee Resolution">Lee Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1783)" title="Treaty of Paris (1783)">Treaty of Paris</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Articles_of_Confederation" title="Articles of Confederation">Articles of Confederation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_Union" title="Perpetual Union">Perpetual Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederation_period" title="Confederation period">Confederation period</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_frontier" title="American frontier">American frontier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">Constitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_drafting_and_ratification_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Timeline of drafting and ratification of the United States Constitution">drafting and ratification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights" title="United States Bill of Rights">Bill of Rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalist_Era" title="Federalist Era">Federalist Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_evolution_of_the_United_States" title="Territorial evolution of the United States">Territorial evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_era" title="Reconstruction era">Reconstruction era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Indian_Wars" title="American Indian Wars">Indian Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_genocide_in_the_United_States" title="Native American genocide in the United States">Native genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilded_Age" title="Gilded Age">Gilded Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Era" title="Progressive Era">Progressive Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_suffrage_in_the_United_States" title="Women's suffrage in the United States">Women's suffrage</a></li> <li>Civil rights movement <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement_(1865%E2%80%931896)" title="Civil rights movement (1865–1896)">1865–1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement_(1896%E2%80%931954)" title="Civil rights movement (1896–1954)">1896–1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">1954–1968</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_imperialism" title="American imperialism">Imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_in_World_War_I" title="United States in World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roaring_Twenties" title="Roaring Twenties">Roaring Twenties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_States_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of the United States during World War II">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_home_front_during_World_War_II" title="United States home front during World War II">home front</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Century" title="American Century">American Century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Race" title="Space Race">Space Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second-wave_feminism" title="Second-wave feminism">Feminist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gay_liberation" title="Gay liberation">LGBT Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1991%E2%80%932008)" title="History of the United States (1991–2008)">Post-Cold War (1991–2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_on_terror" title="War on terror">War on Terror</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession_in_the_United_States" title="Great Recession in the United States">Great Recession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_history_of_the_United_States" title="Outline of the history of the United States">Outline of U.S. history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographic_history_of_the_United_States" title="Demographic history of the United States">Demographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_discoveries" title="Timeline of United States discoveries">Discoveries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_United_States" title="Economic history of the United States">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_inventions" title="Timeline of United States inventions">Inventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_States" title="Military history of the United States">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_the_United_States" title="Postage stamps and postal history of the United States">Postal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technological_and_industrial_history_of_the_United_States" title="Technological and industrial history of the United States">Technological and industrial</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_United_States" title="Geography of the United States">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._territorial_sovereignty" title="U.S. territorial sovereignty">Territory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contiguous_United_States" title="Contiguous United States">Contiguous United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_(United_States)" title="County (United States)">counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">federal district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_enclave" title="Federal enclave">federal enclaves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">insular zones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Minor_Outlying_Islands" title="United States Minor Outlying Islands">minor outlying islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_populated_places_in_the_United_States" title="Lists of populated places in the United States">populated places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">states</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_the_United_States" title="List of earthquakes in the United States">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extreme_points_of_the_United_States" title="List of extreme points of the United States">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_the_United_States" title="List of islands of the United States">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_of_the_United_States" title="List of mountains of the United States">Mountains</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_peaks_of_the_United_States" title="List of mountain peaks of the United States">peaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_ranges#United_States" title="List of mountain ranges">ranges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Nevada" title="Sierra Nevada">Sierra Nevada</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_areas_in_the_United_States_National_Park_System" title="List of areas in the United States National Park System">National Parks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">East Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="Gulf Coast of the United States">Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_(United_States)" title="Mid-Atlantic (United States)">Mid-Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_United_States" title="Central United States">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_United_States" title="Eastern United States">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_United_States" title="Northern United States">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">Northeastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_United_States" title="Northwestern United States">Northwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_United_States" title="Southeastern United States">Southeastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwestern</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Western</a></li></ul></li> <li>Longest <a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_the_United_States" title="List of rivers of the United States">rivers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_River" title="Arkansas River">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_River" title="Colorado River">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_River" title="Columbia River">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_River" title="Missouri River">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_River_of_the_South" title="Red River of the South">Red (South)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande" title="Rio Grande">Rio Grande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukon_River" title="Yukon River">Yukon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_in_the_United_States" title="Time in the United States">Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_the_United_States" title="Water supply and sanitation in the United States">Water supply and sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_States" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the United States">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_States" title="Politics of the United States">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">Federal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Executive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Powers_of_the_president_of_the_United_States" title="Powers of the president of the United States">powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States" title="Executive Office of the President of the United States">Executive Office</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_executive_departments" title="United States federal executive departments">Executive departments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_agencies_of_the_United_States_government" title="Independent agencies of the United States government">Independent agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Intelligence_Community" title="United States Intelligence Community">Intelligence Community</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">Director of National Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">National Security Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Reconnaissance_Office" title="National Reconnaissance Office">National Reconnaissance Office</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_law_enforcement_in_the_United_States" title="Federal law enforcement in the United States">Law enforcement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Alcohol,_Tobacco,_Firearms_and_Explosives" title="Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives">ATF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Customs_and_Border_Protection" title="U.S. Customs and Border Protection">CBP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Diplomatic_Security" title="Bureau of Diplomatic Security">Diplomatic Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_Enforcement_Administration" title="Drug Enforcement Administration">DEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">FBI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Immigration_and_Customs_Enforcement" title="U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement">ICE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marshals_Service" title="United States Marshals Service">Marshals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secret_Service" title="United States Secret Service">Secret Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_Security_Administration" title="Transportation Security Administration">TSA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Inspector_General_(United_States)" title="Office of Inspector General (United States)">Inspector generals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_civil_service" title="United States federal civil service">Civil service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Public policy of the United States">Public policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Legislative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of current members of the United States House of Representatives">current members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_senators" title="List of current United States senators">current members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the United States Senate">President pro tempore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States#President_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Vice President of the United States">President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_Police" title="United States Capitol Police">Capitol Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Budget_Office" title="Congressional Budget Office">Congressional Budget Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Accountability_Office" title="Government Accountability Office">Government Accountability Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Government_Publishing_Office" title="United States Government Publishing Office">Government Publishing Office</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_judiciary_of_the_United_States" title="Federal judiciary of the United States">Judicial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States" title="Chief Justice of the United States">Chief Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associate_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States">Associate Justices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_courts_of_appeals" title="United States courts of appeals">Courts of appeals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_circuit_judges" title="List of current United States circuit judges">list of judges</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_district_court" title="United States district court">District courts</a>/<a href="/wiki/United_States_territorial_court" title="United States territorial court">Territorial courts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_district_and_territorial_courts" title="List of United States district and territorial courts">list of courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_district_judges" title="List of current United States district judges">list of judges</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_tribunals_in_the_United_States" title="Federal tribunals in the United States">Other tribunals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney" title="United States Attorney">U.S. attorney</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_United_States" title="Law of the United States">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights" title="United States Bill of Rights">Bill of Rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_liberties_in_the_United_States" title="Civil liberties in the United States">civil liberties</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_of_Federal_Regulations" title="Code of Federal Regulations">Code of Federal Regulations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">Constitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federalism_in_the_United_States" title="Federalism in the United States">federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_preemption" title="Federal preemption">preemption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers_under_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Separation of powers under the United States Constitution">separation of powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">civil rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Code" title="United States Code">United States Code</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Uniformed_services_of_the_United_States" title="Uniformed services of the United States">Uniformed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">Armed Forces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Force" title="United States Space Force">Space Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Guard_(United_States)" title="National Guard (United States)">National Guard</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NOAA_Commissioned_Officer_Corps" title="NOAA Commissioned Officer Corps">NOAA Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Public_Health_Service_Commissioned_Corps" title="United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps">Public Health Service Corps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_governments_of_the_United_States" title="State governments of the United States">State</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Government of the District of Columbia">Federal District</a>,<br />and <a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">Territorial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_constitutional_officer" title="State constitutional officer">Executive</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_(United_States)" title="Governor (United States)">Governor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_governors" title="List of current United States governors">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_governor_(United_States)" title="Lieutenant governor (United States)">Lieutenant governor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_lieutenant_governors" title="List of current United States lieutenant governors">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_state_(U.S._state_government)" title="Secretary of state (U.S. state government)">Secretary of state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_attorney_general" title="State attorney general">Attorney general</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_treasurer" title="State treasurer">Treasurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_auditor" title="State auditor">Auditor/Comptroller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_commissioner" title="Agriculture commissioner">Agriculture commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurance_commissioner" title="Insurance commissioner">Insurance commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_utilities_commission" title="Public utilities commission">Public utilities commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_police_(United_States)" title="State police (United States)">State police</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_state_and_local_law_enforcement_agencies" title="List of United States state and local law enforcement agencies">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_legislature_(United_States)" title="State legislature (United States)">Legislative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_state_legislatures" title="List of United States state legislatures">List of legislatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_legislators" title="List of U.S. state legislators">List of legislators</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_court_(United_States)" title="State court (United States)">Judicial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_supreme_court" title="State supreme court">Supreme courts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_chief_justices" title="List of state chief justices">Chief justices</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_attorney" title="District attorney">District attorney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_district_attorneys_by_county" class="mw-redirect" title="List of district attorneys by county">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/State_law_(United_States)" title="State law (United States)">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_constitutions_in_the_United_States" title="State constitutions in the United States">State constitutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_statutory_codes" title="List of U.S. state statutory codes">Statutory codes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniform_act" title="Uniform act">Uniform act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_U.S._state_and_territory_governments" title="Comparison of U.S. state and territory governments">Comparison of governments</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tribe_(Native_American)" title="Tribe (Native American)">Tribal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tribal_sovereignty_in_the_United_States" title="Tribal sovereignty in the United States">Tribal sovereignty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_recognition_in_the_United_States" title="Native American recognition in the United States">Native American recognition in the United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federally_recognized_tribes_in_the_contiguous_United_States" title="List of federally recognized tribes in the contiguous United States">Federally recognized tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Alaska_Native_tribal_entities" title="List of Alaska Native tribal entities">Federally recognized Alaska Native tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State-recognized_tribes_in_the_United_States" title="State-recognized tribes in the United States">State-recognized tribes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_reservations_in_the_United_States" title="List of Indian reservations in the United States">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_home_land" title="Hawaiian home land">Hawaiian home land</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_United_States" title="Local government in the United States">Local</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/County_(United_States)" title="County (United States)">County</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_counties_and_county_equivalents" title="List of United States counties and county equivalents">List of counties and county equivalents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_executive" title="County executive">County executive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheriffs_in_the_United_States" title="Sheriffs in the United States">Sheriff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_clerk" title="Municipal clerk">Clerk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">Consolidated city-county</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_city_(United_States)" title="Independent city (United States)">Independent city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coterminous_municipality" title="Coterminous municipality">Coterminous municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_charter#United_States" title="Municipal charter">Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor%E2%80%93council_government" title="Mayor–council government">Mayor–council government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council%E2%80%93manager_government" title="Council–manager government">Council–manager government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_commission_government" title="City commission government">City commission government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayoralty_in_the_United_States" title="Mayoralty in the United States">Mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_manager" title="City manager">City manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_council#United_States" title="Municipal council">City council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Minor_civil_division" title="Minor civil division">Minor divisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_township" title="Civil township">Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Town_meeting" title="Town meeting">Town meeting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Special_district_(United_States)" title="Special district (United States)">Special district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/School_district" title="School district">School district</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_school_districts_in_the_United_States" title="Lists of school districts in the United States">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_the_United_States" title="Corruption in the United States">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_States" title="Elections in the United States">Elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Electoral_College" title="United States Electoral College">Electoral College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_states_and_blue_states" title="Red states and blue states">Red states and blue states</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign relations of the United States">Foreign relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign policy of the United States">foreign policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_presidency" title="Imperial presidency">Imperial presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_ideologies_in_the_United_States" title="Political ideologies in the United States">Ideologies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Americanism" title="Anti-Americanism">Anti-Americanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_exceptionalism" title="American exceptionalism">exceptionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_nationalism" title="American nationalism">nationalism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_parties_in_the_United_States" title="Political parties in the United States">Parties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third parties</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_political_scandals_in_the_United_States" title="List of federal political scandals in the United States">Scandals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States_by_sector" title="Economy of the United States by sector">By sector</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_United_States" title="Agriculture in the United States">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_the_United_States" title="Banking in the United States">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_the_United_States" title="Communications in the United States">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_the_United_States_by_state" title="List of companies of the United States by state">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_the_United_States" title="Energy in the United States">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurance_in_the_United_States" title="Insurance in the United States">Insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manufacturing_in_the_United_States" title="Manufacturing in the United States">Manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_the_United_States" title="Mining in the United States">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_the_United_States" title="Science and technology in the United States">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_United_States" title="Tourism in the United States">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_trade_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign trade of the United States">Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_the_United_States_by_state" title="List of companies of the United States by state">by state</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">Currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_exports_of_the_United_States" title="List of exports of the United States">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_budget" title="United States federal budget">Federal budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions_by_the_United_States" title="Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States">Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve" title="Federal Reserve">Federal Reserve System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_position_of_the_United_States" title="Financial position of the United States">Financial position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_unions_in_the_United_States" title="Labor unions in the United States">Labor unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_debt_of_the_United_States" title="National debt of the United States">Public debt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_programs_in_the_United_States" title="Social programs in the United States">Social welfare programs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_the_United_States" title="Taxation in the United States">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unemployment_in_the_United_States" title="Unemployment in the United States">Unemployment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wall_Street" title="Wall Street">Wall Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport in the United States">Transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_in_the_United_States" title="Aviation in the United States">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Driving_in_the_United_States" title="Driving in the United States">Driving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Public transportation in the United States">Public transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Rail transportation in the United States">Rail transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Transportation policy of the United States">Transportation policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_safety_in_the_United_States" title="Transportation safety in the United States">Transportation safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trucking_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Trucking industry in the United States">Trucking industry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Society of the United States">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_United_States" title="Culture of the United States">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Americana_(culture)" title="Americana (culture)">Americana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_in_the_United_States" title="Architecture in the United States">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_the_United_States" title="Crime in the United States">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_cuisine" title="American cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_the_United_States" title="Dance in the United States">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_United_States" title="Demographics of the United States">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">Economic issues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affluence_in_the_United_States" title="Affluence in the United States">affluence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eviction_in_the_United_States" title="Eviction in the United States">eviction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeownership_in_the_United_States" title="Homeownership in the United States">homeownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household_income_in_the_United_States" title="Household income in the United States">household income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_the_United_States" title="Income inequality in the United States">income inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_middle_class" title="American middle class">middle class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_income_in_the_United_States" title="Personal income in the United States">personal income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_the_United_States" title="Poverty in the United States">poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_of_living_in_the_United_States" title="Standard of living in the United States">standard of living</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affluence_in_the_United_States" title="Affluence in the United States">wealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_class_in_the_United_States" title="Working class in the United States">working class</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_United_States" title="Education in the United States">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Educational_attainment_in_the_United_States" title="Educational attainment in the United States">attainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literacy_in_the_United_States" title="Literacy in the United States">literacy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_in_the_United_States" title="Family in the United States">Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_in_the_United_States" title="Fashion in the United States">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States" title="Flag of the United States">Flag</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_flags_of_the_United_States" title="List of flags of the United States">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore_of_the_United_States" title="Folklore of the United States">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_United_States" title="Public holidays in the United States">Holidays</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_holidays_in_the_United_States" title="Federal holidays in the United States">Federal holidays</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_United_States" title="Homelessness in the United States">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_in_the_United_States" title="Housing in the United States">Housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_United_States" title="Human rights in the United States">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_States" title="Languages of the United States">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">American English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_languages_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous languages of the Americas">Indigenous languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language">ASL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_literature" title="American literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_the_United_States" title="Mass media in the United States">Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_American_journalism" title="History of American journalism">journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_United_States" title="Internet in the United States">internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_American_newspapers" title="History of American newspapers">newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_in_the_United_States" title="Radio in the United States">radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_the_United_States" title="Television in the United States">television</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_United_States" title="Music of the United States">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naming_in_the_United_States" title="Naming in the United States">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Star-Spangled_Banner" title="The Star-Spangled Banner">National anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_the_United_States" title="National symbols of the United States">National symbols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_(personification)" title="Columbia (personification)">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Rushmore" title="Mount Rushmore">Mount Rushmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Liberty" title="Statue of Liberty">Statue of Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncle_Sam" title="Uncle Sam">Uncle Sam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americans" title="Americans">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_philosophy" title="American philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_ideologies_in_the_United_States" title="Political ideologies in the United States">Political ideologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States">Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_States" title="Religion in the United States">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_the_United_States" title="Sexuality in the United States">Sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_class_in_the_United_States" title="Social class in the United States">Social class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_the_United_States" title="Society of the United States">Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_the_United_States" title="Sports in the United States">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theater_in_the_United_States" title="Theater in the United States">Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Transportation in the United States">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_games_in_the_United_States" title="Video games in the United States">Video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_art_of_the_United_States" title="Visual art of the United States">Visual art</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Social_class_in_the_United_States" title="Social class in the United States">Social class</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affluence_in_the_United_States" title="Affluence in the United States">Affluence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Dream" title="American Dream">American Dream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Educational_attainment_in_the_United_States" title="Educational attainment in the United States">Educational attainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_United_States" title="Homelessness in the United States">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeownership_in_the_United_States" title="Homeownership in the United States">Homeownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household_income_in_the_United_States" title="Household income in the United States">Household income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_the_United_States" title="Income inequality in the United States">Income inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_middle_class" title="American middle class">Middle class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_income_in_the_United_States" title="Personal income in the United States">Personal income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_the_United_States" title="Poverty in the United States">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_of_living_in_the_United_States" title="Standard of living in the United States">Standard of living</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Health_in_the_United_States" title="Health in the United States">Health</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aging_of_the_United_States" title="Aging of the United States">Aging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_the_United_States" title="Healthcare in the United States">Healthcare</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_States" title="Abortion in the United States">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birth_control_in_the_United_States" title="Birth control in the United States">Birth control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prenatal_care_in_the_United_States" title="Prenatal care in the United States">Prenatal care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospice_care_in_the_United_States" title="Hospice care in the United States">Hospice care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigrant_health_care_in_the_United_States" title="Immigrant health care in the United States">Immigrant health care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_rationing_in_the_United_States" title="Healthcare rationing in the United States">Rationing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care_finance_in_the_United_States" title="Health care finance in the United States">Health care finance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Health_insurance_costs_in_the_United_States" title="Health insurance costs in the United States">Health insurance costs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care_prices_in_the_United_States" title="Health care prices in the United States">Health care prices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prescription_drug_prices_in_the_United_States" title="Prescription drug prices in the United States">Prescription drug prices</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disability_in_the_United_States" title="Disability in the United States">Disability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_insurance_in_the_United_States" title="Health insurance in the United States">Health insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_safety_in_the_United_States" title="Food safety in the United States">Food safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physician_shortage_in_the_United_States" title="Physician shortage in the United States">Physician shortage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_and_health_in_the_United_States" title="Poverty and health in the United States">Poverty and health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_and_health_in_the_United_States" title="Race and health in the United States">Race and health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obesity_in_the_United_States" title="Obesity in the United States">Obesity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_deserts_in_the_United_States" title="Medical deserts in the United States">Medical deserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_reproductive_health_in_the_United_States" title="Women's reproductive health in the United States">Women's reproductive health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_life_expectancy" title="List of U.S. states and territories by life expectancy">Life expectancy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States" title="Capital punishment in the United States">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_the_United_States" title="Crime in the United States">Crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Incarceration_in_the_United_States" title="Incarceration in the United States">incarceration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_United_States_government" title="Criticism of the United States government">Criticism of government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discrimination_in_the_United_States" title="Discrimination in the United States">Discrimination</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States" title="Affirmative action in the United States">affirmative action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_United_States" title="Antisemitism in the United States">antisemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intersex_rights_in_the_United_States" title="Intersex rights in the United States">intersex rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamophobia_in_the_United_States" title="Islamophobia in the United States">Islamophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the United States">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_United_States" title="Racism in the United States">racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_against_Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Racism against Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_against_African_Americans" title="Racism against African Americans">African American</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Energy policy of the United States">Energy policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_the_United_States" title="Environmental issues in the United States">Environmental issues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_movement_in_the_United_States" title="Environmental movement in the United States">Environmental movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_the_United_States" title="Climate change in the United States">Climate change</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_politics_in_the_United_States" title="Gun politics in the United States">Gun politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_shootings_in_the_United_States" title="Mass shootings in the United States">Mass shootings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunger_in_the_United_States" title="Hunger in the United States">Hunger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobacco_in_the_United_States" title="Tobacco in the United States">Smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_United_States" title="Human rights in the United States">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Immigration to the United States">Immigration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Illegal immigration to the United States">illegal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_security_of_the_United_States" title="National security of the United States">National security</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_the_United_States" title="Terrorism in the United States">Terrorism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opioid_epidemic_in_the_United_States" title="Opioid epidemic in the United States">Opioid epidemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States" title="Separation of church and state in the United States">Separation of church and state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenophobia_in_the_United_States" title="Xenophobia in the United States">Xenophobia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;;font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_United_States" title="Outline of the United States">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_United_States" title="Outline of the United States">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States" title="Category:United States">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12612#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12612#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12612#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/34145857115122922855">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="West United States"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1243255/">FAST</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJkp6CPQQtqT4ymqCYGWDq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4135535-0">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85146140">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="États-Unis (ouest)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11960312x">France</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="États-Unis (ouest)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11960312x">BnF data</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="アメリカ合衆国 (西部)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00570258">Japan</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Oeste (Estados Unidos)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX451103">Spain</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Estados del Oeste (Estados Unidos)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000060495">Chile</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007553631905171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="États-Unis (ouest)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027597334">IdRef</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks 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