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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Infectious Diseases</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">49,894 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Infectious Diseases</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Infectious_Diseases">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44762035" data-work_id="44762035" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44762035/Optimal_Strategies_for_Covid_19_Vaccination_Policies_based_on_All_Possible_Mathematical_Landscapes_and_the_Outlook_for_2021_with_a_Special_Case_Study_for_Serbia">Optimal Strategies for Covid-19 Vaccination Policies based on All Possible Mathematical Landscapes and the Outlook for 2021 with a Special Case Study for Serbia</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Based on the our October paper "A Generalized Viral Infection Mathematical Model Derived from Covid-19 Simulation", at a conceptual level higher than the classic SIR/SEIR model, we have established the 6 laws of infection regarding the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44762035" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Based on the our October paper "A Generalized Viral Infection Mathematical Model Derived from Covid-19 Simulation", at a conceptual level higher than the classic SIR/SEIR model, we have established the 6 laws of infection regarding the final infection ratio within any given population without any artificial intervention and have shown the final infection ratio in a natural, non-interfered pandemic must fall within a specified lower and upper bound as 1 − 1 R 2 0 ≤ F R ≤ 2 (1 − 1 R 0). Whereas R 0 is the intrinsic R 0 value of the disease. In this paper, we show how human intervention strategies alter the previous assumptions based on 2 factors. First, artificial intervention with cycles of restricting measures and relaxations. Based on our May paper "The Predictions on Worldwide Covid-19 Pandemic Cases Based on Historical Data", we have already demonstrated the dynamic falling R 0 (t) curve during lock down measures. With more historical data and observation, we now expand the scope to include a dynamic rising R 0 (t) curve following the relaxation of measures, completing the cycle of restriction and relaxation. Second, the introduction of vaccination at a steady rate introduced a new variable into the existing infection model, we denote it as function V (t). We demonstrate the optimal strategies of vaccination interpreted within our existing established framework.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44762035" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e38096b5c8f928f5c5fa8ce0a3cbc2aa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65258664,"asset_id":44762035,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65258664/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="107917358" href="https://wustl.academia.edu/StevenSuanZhu">Steven Suan Zhu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="107917358" type="text/json">{"id":107917358,"first_name":"Steven Suan","last_name":"Zhu","domain_name":"wustl","page_name":"StevenSuanZhu","display_name":"Steven Suan Zhu","profile_url":"https://wustl.academia.edu/StevenSuanZhu?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/107917358/25062782/23863259/s65_steven_suan.zhu.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44762035 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44762035"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44762035, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44762035", }); 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Whereas R 0 is the intrinsic R 0 value of the disease. In this paper, we show how human intervention strategies alter the previous assumptions based on 2 factors. First, artificial intervention with cycles of restricting measures and relaxations. Based on our May paper \"The Predictions on Worldwide Covid-19 Pandemic Cases Based on Historical Data\", we have already demonstrated the dynamic falling R 0 (t) curve during lock down measures. With more historical data and observation, we now expand the scope to include a dynamic rising R 0 (t) curve following the relaxation of measures, completing the cycle of restriction and relaxation. Second, the introduction of vaccination at a steady rate introduced a new variable into the existing infection model, we denote it as function V (t). 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Shame: the elephant in the room BMJ 2002;324:623)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5423225" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4dcb98318620c10f90f5eb17b8537e70" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32553096,"asset_id":5423225,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32553096/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4234206" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ColmanJones">Colman Jones</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4234206" type="text/json">{"id":4234206,"first_name":"Colman","last_name":"Jones","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ColmanJones","display_name":"Colman Jones","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ColmanJones?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4234206/1673124/3194905/s65_colman.jones.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5423225 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5423225"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5423225, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5423225", }); 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Αν και στο παρελθόν τεχνολογικοί και επιστημονικοί περιορισμοί μειονεκτούσαν τον άνθρωπο, πρέπει να επισημανθεί πως... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48853538" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Καθόλη τη διάρκεια της ανθρώπινης ιστορίας, αναρίθμητες επιδημίες και πανδημίες έχουν αφανίσει τον ανθρώπινο πληθυσμό. Αν και στο παρελθόν τεχνολογικοί και επιστημονικοί περιορισμοί μειονεκτούσαν τον άνθρωπο, πρέπει να επισημανθεί πως πολλές από τις εξάρσεις διάφορων ασθενειών ήταν και είναι αποφευκτές. Το συγκεκριμένο άρθρο θα επιχειρήσει μια ιστορική ανάλυση κάποιων χαρακτηριστικών πανδημιών και θα προτείνει συστάσεις για τον καλύτερο και αποτελεσματικότερο έλεγχο και περιορισμό μελλοντικών πανδημιών.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48853538" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ecd083503453f7891ace8e7a983beab5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67270341,"asset_id":48853538,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67270341/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="105332482" href="https://uniwa.academia.edu/GauravMallTarlok">Gaurav Mall Tarlok</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="105332482" type="text/json">{"id":105332482,"first_name":"Gaurav Mall","last_name":"Tarlok","domain_name":"uniwa","page_name":"GauravMallTarlok","display_name":"Gaurav Mall Tarlok","profile_url":"https://uniwa.academia.edu/GauravMallTarlok?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/105332482/24009403/155938197/s65_gaurav_mall.tarlok.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48853538 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48853538"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48853538, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48853538", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48853538]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48853538").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48853538").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48853538"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1085" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology">Epidemiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1085" type="text/json">{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1088" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_disease_epidemiology">Infectious disease epidemiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1088" type="text/json">{"id":1088,"name":"Infectious disease epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_disease_epidemiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17960" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17960" type="text/json">{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48853538]'), work: {"id":48853538,"title":"Αποφυγή μελλοντικών πανδημιών βάσει παρελθοντικών ασθενειών","created_at":"2021-05-09T04:01:35.882-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48853538/%CE%91%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%86%CF%85%CE%B3%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B2%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9_%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B8%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B8%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_48853538","summary":"Καθόλη τη διάρκεια της ανθρώπινης ιστορίας, αναρίθμητες επιδημίες και πανδημίες έχουν αφανίσει τον ανθρώπινο πληθυσμό. Αν και στο παρελθόν τεχνολογικοί και επιστημονικοί περιορισμοί μειονεκτούσαν τον άνθρωπο, πρέπει να επισημανθεί πως πολλές από τις εξάρσεις διάφορων ασθενειών ήταν και είναι αποφευκτές. Το συγκεκριμένο άρθρο θα επιχειρήσει μια ιστορική ανάλυση κάποιων χαρακτηριστικών πανδημιών και θα προτείνει συστάσεις για τον καλύτερο και αποτελεσματικότερο έλεγχο και περιορισμό μελλοντικών πανδημιών.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67270341,"asset_id":48853538,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":105332482,"first_name":"Gaurav Mall","last_name":"Tarlok","domain_name":"uniwa","page_name":"GauravMallTarlok","display_name":"Gaurav Mall Tarlok","profile_url":"https://uniwa.academia.edu/GauravMallTarlok?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/105332482/24009403/155938197/s65_gaurav_mall.tarlok.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":1088,"name":"Infectious disease epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_disease_epidemiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":594653,"name":"Pandemics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pandemics?f_ri=17960"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39406350" data-work_id="39406350" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39406350/Vitamins_Against_Viruses_Implausible_Pro_Vaccine_Publications_Contrasted_Against_Ignored_Public_Health_Campaigns_and_Double_Blind_Placebo_Controlled_Clinical_Trials_Journal_of_Orthomolecular_Medicine_2019">Vitamins Against Viruses: Implausible Pro-Vaccine Publications Contrasted Against Ignored Public Health Campaigns and Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials. Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine 2019</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Editorial "Vitamins Against Viruses: Implausible Pro-Vaccine Publications Contrasted Against Ignored Public Health Campaigns and Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials" from Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine 2019 June</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39406350" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3330ee5ce873ddf3ad0b479bcdcf6233" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59550828,"asset_id":39406350,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59550828/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4753213" href="https://ichnfm.academia.edu/AlexVasquez">Alex Vasquez</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4753213" type="text/json">{"id":4753213,"first_name":"Alex","last_name":"Vasquez","domain_name":"ichnfm","page_name":"AlexVasquez","display_name":"Alex Vasquez","profile_url":"https://ichnfm.academia.edu/AlexVasquez?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4753213/2016212/21240053/s65_alex.vasquez.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39406350 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39406350"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39406350, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39406350", }); 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COVID-19 severity varies. Mild cases often recover within two weeks, while people with severe diseases may take 3 – 6 weeks to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43219648" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The systematic review focused on the prognosis, mortality, medications, and promising vaccines for COVID-19. COVID-19 severity varies. Mild cases often recover within two weeks, while people with severe diseases may take 3 – 6 weeks to recover. Among people who died, the time from the onset of symptom to death ranged from 2 – 8 weeks. Children constitute a small percentage of reported cases, with around 1% of cases under 10 years and 4% aged 10 to 19 years. The risk of death is below 0.5% in those younger than 50 years, while more than 8% in those older than 70. Most of the people who die of COVID-19 have pre-existing conditions, including diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension. The impact of COVID-19 and its rate of mortality are different for both men and women; mortality rate is higher in men. As of May 2020, it is not known if past infection provides long-term and effective immunity in those who recover from the viral disease. Some of the infected people were reported to develop protective antibodies; the acquired immunity is presumed possible, based on other coronaviruses’ behaviour. The total infection fatality rate (IFR) is estimated to be 0.66%. No approved vaccine to treat the disease yet. International research on medicines and vaccines in COVID-19 is underway by academic groups, industry researchers, and government organizations. As of May 2020, there are over 300 active clinical trials underway. Many existing medications are under evaluation for COVID-19 treatment, including remdesivir, chloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir, hydroxychloroquine, and lopinavir/ritonavir combined with interferon beta; as of May 2020, there is tentative evidence for remdesivir efficacy. Other candidates in trials are vasodilators, immune therapies, lipoic acid, corticosteroids, recombinant angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, bevacizumab, etc. Preliminary evidence suggests hydroxychloroquine might have anti-cytokine storm properties. Transferring concentrated and purified antibodies produced by immune systems of those who recovered from COVID-19 to those who need them is being investigated as non-vaccine method of passive immunization.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43219648" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fd70527d8d6e7cf5c07919d0f5680340" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63488920,"asset_id":43219648,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63488920/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="70707312" href="https://kiu-ug.academia.edu/ChinazaAwuchi">Chinaza G Awuchi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="70707312" type="text/json">{"id":70707312,"first_name":"Chinaza","last_name":"Awuchi","domain_name":"kiu-ug","page_name":"ChinazaAwuchi","display_name":"Chinaza G Awuchi","profile_url":"https://kiu-ug.academia.edu/ChinazaAwuchi?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/70707312/18522146/42710628/s65_chinaza.awuchi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43219648 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43219648"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43219648, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43219648", }); 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href="https://www.academia.edu/42109437/Infec%C3%A7%C3%B5es">Infecções</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Manual Merck - Infecções</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42109437" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5509aa8e8c2a6a3f1baba8807f90b64b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62241929,"asset_id":42109437,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen 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during treatment of bacteremia</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/76462468" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6e4e669135fb1eff0d531ac455193195" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":84163293,"asset_id":76462468,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75535131/Dengue_Surveillance_System_in_Brazil_A_Qualitative_Study_in_the_Federal_District">Dengue Surveillance System in Brazil: A Qualitative Study in the Federal District</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Dengue’s increasing trends raise concerns over global health and pose a challenge to the Brazilian health system, highlighting the necessity of a strong surveillance system to reduce morbidity, mortality, and the economic burden of this... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_75535131" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Dengue’s increasing trends raise concerns over global health and pose a challenge to the Brazilian health system, highlighting the necessity of a strong surveillance system to reduce morbidity, mortality, and the economic burden of this disease. Although the Brazilian surveillance system reports more dengue cases than any other country, recent studies suggest that non-reported cases are the majority. The aim of the study is to explore the strengths and weaknesses of the Brazilian surveillance system, particularly looking at the functioning of data collection and reporting. This was done through qualitative semi-structured interviews with 17 experts in dengue surveillance, supported by quantitative data from the official notification system. To select the interviewees, purposive and theoretical sampling were used. Data were analyzed through thematic analysis. The research highlighted that a lack of human and technological resources in healthcare units and surveillance departments slo...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/75535131" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f5be2783344f2f4e27e0834192fbc8b9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83265199,"asset_id":75535131,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83265199/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="46307248" href="https://unimaas.academia.edu/EvaPilot">Eva Pilot</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="46307248" type="text/json">{"id":46307248,"first_name":"Eva","last_name":"Pilot","domain_name":"unimaas","page_name":"EvaPilot","display_name":"Eva Pilot","profile_url":"https://unimaas.academia.edu/EvaPilot?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/46307248/17106088/17268892/s65_eva.pilot.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_75535131 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="75535131"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75535131, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_75535131", }); 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Although the Brazilian surveillance system reports more dengue cases than any other country, recent studies suggest that non-reported cases are the majority. The aim of the study is to explore the strengths and weaknesses of the Brazilian surveillance system, particularly looking at the functioning of data collection and reporting. This was done through qualitative semi-structured interviews with 17 experts in dengue surveillance, supported by quantitative data from the official notification system. To select the interviewees, purposive and theoretical sampling were used. Data were analyzed through thematic analysis. The research highlighted that a lack of human and technological resources in healthcare units and surveillance departments slo...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83265199,"asset_id":75535131,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":46307248,"first_name":"Eva","last_name":"Pilot","domain_name":"unimaas","page_name":"EvaPilot","display_name":"Eva Pilot","profile_url":"https://unimaas.academia.edu/EvaPilot?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/46307248/17106088/17268892/s65_eva.pilot.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":3883,"name":"Health Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Geography?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":12135,"name":"Qualitative Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qualitative_Research?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=17960"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=17960"},{"id":85038,"name":"Environmental public health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_public_health?f_ri=17960"},{"id":96310,"name":"Dengue fever","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dengue_fever?f_ri=17960"},{"id":157268,"name":"Dengue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dengue?f_ri=17960"},{"id":444887,"name":"Public Health Surveillance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health_Surveillance?f_ri=17960"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_74848545 coauthored" data-work_id="74848545" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74848545/A_rare_nonfatal_presentation_of_disseminated_Chromobacterium_violaceum_sepsis">A rare nonfatal presentation of disseminated Chromobacterium violaceum sepsis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74848545" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="253c7ecd0af457be7c86cf64fe5784f1" rel="nofollow" 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type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12426" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome">Treatment Outcome</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="12426" type="text/json">{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=74848545]'), work: {"id":74848545,"title":"A rare nonfatal presentation of disseminated Chromobacterium violaceum sepsis","created_at":"2022-03-28T23:24:30.505-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/74848545/A_rare_nonfatal_presentation_of_disseminated_Chromobacterium_violaceum_sepsis?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_74848545","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83484686,"asset_id":74848545,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3619352,"first_name":"Ashwin","last_name":"Saboo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AshwinSaboo","display_name":"Ashwin Saboo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AshwinSaboo?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3619352/1267000/1579601/s65_ashwin.saboo.jpg"},{"id":220492244,"first_name":"Sushma","last_name":"Save","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SushmaSave","display_name":"Sushma Save","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SushmaSave?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/220492244/78413238/66964004/s65_sushma.save.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":631,"name":"Pediatrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pediatrics?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":1290,"name":"Immunology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960"},{"id":43838,"name":"India","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/India?f_ri=17960"},{"id":49018,"name":"Spleen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spleen?f_ri=17960"},{"id":54533,"name":"Children","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Children?f_ri=17960"},{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child?f_ri=17960"},{"id":125076,"name":"Sepsis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sepsis?f_ri=17960"},{"id":335984,"name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anti-Bacterial_Agents?f_ri=17960"},{"id":959921,"name":"X ray Computed Tomography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_ray_Computed_Tomography?f_ri=17960"},{"id":1466259,"name":"Chromobacterium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chromobacterium?f_ri=17960"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_53060810 coauthored" data-work_id="53060810" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/53060810/High_Prevalence_of_Simkania_Z_a_Novel_Chlamydia_like_Bacterium_in_Infants_with_Acute_Bronchiolitis">High Prevalence of “Simkania Z,” a Novel Chlamydia‐like Bacterium, in Infants with Acute Bronchiolitis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/53060810" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" 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data-has-card-for-user="212956855" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MaureenFriedman">Maureen Friedman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="212956855" type="text/json">{"id":212956855,"first_name":"Maureen","last_name":"Friedman","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MaureenFriedman","display_name":"Maureen Friedman","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MaureenFriedman?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-53060810">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-53060810"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/KahaneSimona">Simona Kahane</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-53060810'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: 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type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17960" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17960" type="text/json">{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47067" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liver_diseases">Liver diseases</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47067" type="text/json">{"id":47067,"name":"Liver diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liver_diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48308248]'), work: 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class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41639283/Sexually_transmitted_Chlamydia_trachomatis_Neisseria_gonorrhoeae_and_HIV_1_infections_in_two_at_risk_populations_in_Barcelona_female_street_prostitutes_and_STI_clinic_attendees">Sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and HIV-1 infections in two at-risk populations in Barcelona: female street prostitutes and STI clinic attendees</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41639283" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li 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href="https://iconcologia.academia.edu/EvaLoureiro">Eva Loureiro</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="28052141" type="text/json">{"id":28052141,"first_name":"Eva","last_name":"Loureiro","domain_name":"iconcologia","page_name":"EvaLoureiro","display_name":"Eva Loureiro","profile_url":"https://iconcologia.academia.edu/EvaLoureiro?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28052141/8047548/9012246/s65_eva.loureiro.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41639283 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41639283"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41639283, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41639283", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_41639283 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span 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Sex","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Unsafe_Sex?f_ri=17960"},{"id":1736784,"name":"Neisseria gonorrhoeae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neisseria_gonorrhoeae?f_ri=17960"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37607370 coauthored" data-work_id="37607370" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37607370/Leprosy_spread_in_Italy_in_IV_MEETING_NAZIONALE_GRUPPO_ITALIANO_DI_PALEOPATOLOGIA_LAquila_27_ottobre_2018_">Leprosy spread in Italy, in IV MEETING NAZIONALE GRUPPO ITALIANO DI PALEOPATOLOGIA (L'Aquila 27 ottobre 2018)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The arrival of leprosy in Italy is a very controversial topic, as is its diffusion in Europe. According to the most accredited theories on a molecular basis, leprosy spread in Eurasia from Eastern Africa about 80,000 years ago (Monot et... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37607370" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The arrival of leprosy in Italy is a very controversial topic, as<br />is its diffusion in Europe. According to the most accredited<br />theories on a molecular basis, leprosy spread in Eurasia from<br />Eastern Africa about 80,000 years ago (Monot et al 2005)<br />following the migratory routes of H. sapiens “out of Africa”.<br />To date, in ancient time dissemination strategies seem to have<br />followed terrestrial rather than maritime routes (at least until<br />to the late Middle Ages), favored in this by the long incubation period of leprosy and its low pathogenicity. The suggestion of Monot based on the identification of SNPs can also be<br />confirmed on a paleopathological basis. Although controversial the case of the oldest leprosy described is that reported in<br />India and referable to about the second millennium BCE. In<br />Italy the paleopathological history of leprosy is more recent at<br />the moment. The oldest case is that identified in Casalecchio<br />del Reno (Mariotti et al., 2005) in northern Italy referable to<br />the 4th century BCE. All the other cases of leprosy described<br />are mainly from the Roman and early Middle Ages and are<br />mostly concentrated in central Italy, while late Middle Ages<br />and Renaissance cases have been reported in southern Italy.<br />From the chronological analysis of the findings it would seem<br />that in Italy too the initial leprosy diffusion path has followed<br />terrestrial routes coming from central and eastern Europe and<br />reaching Italy through the Alps. This hypothesis could also<br />be indirectly confirmed by the presence of leprosy in a protoBulgarian population allocated in the 7th century CE in central Italy and coming from Eastern Europe. In contrast, since<br />the late Middle Ages the disease certainly spread also by sea<br />as evidenced by the case of Montecorvino (Fg, Puglia) where<br />a case of a Byzantine individual coming from the Anatolian<br />coasts was described (Rubini et al., 2015). This was certainly<br />due to the phenomenon of crusades in the Holy Land where<br />the roundtrip routes often had a crossing point in southern<br />Italy. The advent of the spread of leprosy also by sea route<br />was the cause that made leprosy a global disease such as happened for the colonies of West African slaves deported to the<br />US cotton plantations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37607370" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0277d0b6cc733b26dadd3ea32e469dc7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57589619,"asset_id":37607370,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57589619/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1243241" href="https://yppo.academia.edu/ElenaDell%C3%B9">Elena Dellù</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1243241" type="text/json">{"id":1243241,"first_name":"Elena","last_name":"Dellù","domain_name":"yppo","page_name":"ElenaDellù","display_name":"Elena Dellù","profile_url":"https://yppo.academia.edu/ElenaDell%C3%B9?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1243241/812750/1010830/s65_elena.dell_.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-37607370">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-37607370"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://wwwuniroma1.academia.edu/AlessandroGozzi">Alessandro Gozzi</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-37607370'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-37607370').html(); 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According to the most accredited\ntheories on a molecular basis, leprosy spread in Eurasia from\nEastern Africa about 80,000 years ago (Monot et al 2005)\nfollowing the migratory routes of H. sapiens “out of Africa”.\nTo date, in ancient time dissemination strategies seem to have\nfollowed terrestrial rather than maritime routes (at least until\nto the late Middle Ages), favored in this by the long incubation period of leprosy and its low pathogenicity. The suggestion of Monot based on the identification of SNPs can also be\nconfirmed on a paleopathological basis. Although controversial the case of the oldest leprosy described is that reported in\nIndia and referable to about the second millennium BCE. In\nItaly the paleopathological history of leprosy is more recent at\nthe moment. The oldest case is that identified in Casalecchio\ndel Reno (Mariotti et al., 2005) in northern Italy referable to\nthe 4th century BCE. All the other cases of leprosy described\nare mainly from the Roman and early Middle Ages and are\nmostly concentrated in central Italy, while late Middle Ages\nand Renaissance cases have been reported in southern Italy.\nFrom the chronological analysis of the findings it would seem\nthat in Italy too the initial leprosy diffusion path has followed\nterrestrial routes coming from central and eastern Europe and\nreaching Italy through the Alps. This hypothesis could also\nbe indirectly confirmed by the presence of leprosy in a protoBulgarian population allocated in the 7th century CE in central Italy and coming from Eastern Europe. In contrast, since\nthe late Middle Ages the disease certainly spread also by sea\nas evidenced by the case of Montecorvino (Fg, Puglia) where\na case of a Byzantine individual coming from the Anatolian\ncoasts was described (Rubini et al., 2015). This was certainly\ndue to the phenomenon of crusades in the Holy Land where\nthe roundtrip routes often had a crossing point in southern\nItaly. The advent of the spread of leprosy also by sea route\nwas the cause that made leprosy a global disease such as happened for the colonies of West African slaves deported to the\nUS cotton plantations.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57589619,"asset_id":37607370,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1243241,"first_name":"Elena","last_name":"Dellù","domain_name":"yppo","page_name":"ElenaDellù","display_name":"Elena Dellù","profile_url":"https://yppo.academia.edu/ElenaDell%C3%B9?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1243241/812750/1010830/s65_elena.dell_.jpg"},{"id":9783733,"first_name":"Alessandro","last_name":"Gozzi","domain_name":"wwwuniroma1","page_name":"AlessandroGozzi","display_name":"Alessandro 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data-has-card-for-ri="159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1085" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology">Epidemiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1085" type="text/json">{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/79091689/ASSESSMENT_OF_NANO_DERIVED_PARTICLES_DEVICES_AND_SYSTEMS_IN_ANIMAL_SCIENCE_A_REVIEW">ASSESSMENT OF NANO-DERIVED PARTICLES, DEVICES, AND SYSTEMS IN ANIMAL SCIENCE: A REVIEW</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Nanotechnology is an innovative discipline of science that has revolutionized the way we perceive the dimension and size of a molecule. The micrometric molecules accessed under the nanometric level generate nano-derived particles through... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_79091689" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Nanotechnology is an innovative discipline of science that has revolutionized the way we perceive the dimension and size of a molecule. The micrometric molecules accessed under the nanometric level generate nano-derived particles through which other nanodevices and nano-systems are contrived. Those nanoderived appliances are accommodable in effectuating copious different functions like physiological and biochemical processes in livestock species. The wide application of nanotechnology in animal science seems to be fateful unless and until nano-derived implements are recognized for execution in the field of animal breeding, production, health and management, and so on. The fundamental motivation behinds this article is to provide an insight into the application of nanostructures in the field of animal science to enhance the current frameworks. This review points out the current applications with appropriate measures of divergent nanotechnological particles, devices, and systems in the periphery of animal science.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/79091689" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="75234fe2f89e712c0cb2fa3b1acfe27c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":85929252,"asset_id":79091689,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85929252/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="223506144" href="https://purbuni.academia.edu/ShubhPravatSinghYadav">Shubh Pravat Singh Yadav</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="223506144" type="text/json">{"id":223506144,"first_name":"Shubh Pravat Singh","last_name":"Yadav","domain_name":"purbuni","page_name":"ShubhPravatSinghYadav","display_name":"Shubh Pravat Singh Yadav","profile_url":"https://purbuni.academia.edu/ShubhPravatSinghYadav?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/223506144/80950299/69536414/s65_sushant.yadav.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-79091689">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-79091689"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/NetraGhimire1">Netra Ghimire</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/bishnuyadav5">bishnu yadav</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-79091689'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-79091689').html(); 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The micrometric molecules accessed under the nanometric level generate nano-derived particles through which other nanodevices and nano-systems are contrived. Those nanoderived appliances are accommodable in effectuating copious different functions like physiological and biochemical processes in livestock species. The wide application of nanotechnology in animal science seems to be fateful unless and until nano-derived implements are recognized for execution in the field of animal breeding, production, health and management, and so on. The fundamental motivation behinds this article is to provide an insight into the application of nanostructures in the field of animal science to enhance the current frameworks. This review points out the current applications with appropriate measures of divergent nanotechnological particles, devices, and systems in the periphery of animal science.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":85929252,"asset_id":79091689,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":223506144,"first_name":"Shubh Pravat Singh","last_name":"Yadav","domain_name":"purbuni","page_name":"ShubhPravatSinghYadav","display_name":"Shubh Pravat Singh Yadav","profile_url":"https://purbuni.academia.edu/ShubhPravatSinghYadav?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/223506144/80950299/69536414/s65_sushant.yadav.png"},{"id":224369179,"first_name":"Netra","last_name":"Ghimire","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NetraGhimire1","display_name":"Netra Ghimire","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NetraGhimire1?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/224369179/81689862/70285685/s65_netra.ghimire.jpeg"},{"id":224616158,"first_name":"bishnu","last_name":"yadav","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"bishnuyadav5","display_name":"bishnu yadav","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/bishnuyadav5?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/224616158/81902564/70501394/s65_bishnu.yadav.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1035,"name":"Animal Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Science?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":2306,"name":"Synthesis of nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synthesis_of_nanoparticles?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":3989,"name":"Nanodevices","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanodevices?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":13621,"name":"Nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanoparticles?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17733,"name":"Nanotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanotechnology?f_ri=17960"},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960"},{"id":73428,"name":"Micro and Nanosystems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Micro_and_Nanosystems?f_ri=17960"},{"id":143759,"name":"Nanotechnology Applications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanotechnology_Applications?f_ri=17960"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_78395178" data-work_id="78395178" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/78395178/Antibiotic_treatment_of_infections_caused_by_carbapenem_resistant_Gram_negative_bacilli_an_international_ESCMID_cross_sectional_survey_among_infectious_diseases_specialists_practicing_in_large_hospitals">Antibiotic treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli: an international ESCMID cross-sectional survey among infectious diseases specialists practicing in large hospitals</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/78395178" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c29d7fb98444bc951af5ce4f267c413f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":85458355,"asset_id":78395178,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85458355/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="36883354" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MLibanore">M. 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The stage of disease, dominant miasm and assessment of susceptibility are some of the considerations in prescribing.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_74750671" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Author, shares series of cases to illustrate homoeopathic therapeutic strategies in acute viral hepatitis. The stage of disease, dominant miasm and assessment of susceptibility are some of the considerations in prescribing.<br /><br /><a href="https://hpathy.com/homeopathy-papers/understanding-homoeopathic-therapeutic-strategyin-acute-viral-hepatitis/" rel="nofollow">https://hpathy.com/homeopathy-papers/understanding-homoeopathic-therapeutic-strategyin-acute-viral-hepatitis/</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74750671" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0dd6df5677ff323e0570d9e0a02890c3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82788289,"asset_id":74750671,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82788289/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="40137395" href="https://unc.academia.edu/NavinPawaskar">Navin Pawaskar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="40137395" type="text/json">{"id":40137395,"first_name":"Navin","last_name":"Pawaskar","domain_name":"unc","page_name":"NavinPawaskar","display_name":"Navin Pawaskar","profile_url":"https://unc.academia.edu/NavinPawaskar?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40137395/70888132/59320077/s65_navin.pawaskar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_74750671 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="74750671"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74750671, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_74750671", }); 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href="https://www.academia.edu/67820653/A_study_on_short_duration_fever_in_a_tertiary_care_centre_in_Kolkata_India">A study on short duration fever in a tertiary care centre in Kolkata, India</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/67820653" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c272628b121add597cbe948c41d51cd9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":78513962,"asset_id":67820653,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm 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class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="67820653"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17960" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17960" type="text/json">{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=67820653]'), work: {"id":67820653,"title":"A study on short duration fever in a tertiary care centre in Kolkata, India","created_at":"2022-01-11T07:02:06.051-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/67820653/A_study_on_short_duration_fever_in_a_tertiary_care_centre_in_Kolkata_India?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_67820653","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78513962,"asset_id":67820653,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":88455848,"first_name":"Adeyinka","last_name":"Falade","domain_name":"nsukonline","page_name":"AdeyinkaFalade","display_name":"Adeyinka Falade","profile_url":"https://nsukonline.academia.edu/AdeyinkaFalade?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44424343" data-work_id="44424343" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44424343/Healthcare_Programme_Rajiv_Aarogyasri_Insurance_Scheme_For_Poor_People_A_Qualitative_Study">Healthcare Programme (Rajiv Aarogyasri Insurance Scheme) For Poor People: A Qualitative Study</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Majority samples are in the age group of 35 years to 50 years. Nearly 50 per cent of respondents are illiterates. 62.3 per cent (187 respondents) are male. Mostly samples are married people; their percentage is 84 (252 respondents). The... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44424343" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Majority samples are in the age group of 35 years to 50 years. Nearly 50 per cent of respondents are illiterates. 62.3 per cent (187 respondents) are male. Mostly samples are married people; their percentage is 84<br />(252 respondents). The respondents from both the selected districts are drastically high from the OBC community, with 48 per cent (144 respondents). The respondents with agriculture, agricultural allied activities and agricultural labourers as the primary occupation, is 60 per cent (182 respondents). Nearly 60 percent families are landless and from below poverty line. The study shows that Ortho-related diseases dominated by 33.3 per cent (103 respondents). This is followed by paralysis at 16 per cent (48 respondents). Uterus related disease is an account for 27 respondents (9 per cent), pulmonary diseases are account for 25 respondents (8.3 per cent). It can be found that there is a high positive correlation between age, education, occupation, possession of land, health problems. <br />Keywords: Health programme, Diseases, Insurance, BPL families.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44424343" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="af3626841e24b49883f5d192dfc19d96" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64840019,"asset_id":44424343,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64840019/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="118005924" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RenukuntlaPraveenKumar">Renukuntla Praveen Kumar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="118005924" type="text/json">{"id":118005924,"first_name":"Renukuntla","last_name":"Praveen Kumar","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RenukuntlaPraveenKumar","display_name":"Renukuntla Praveen Kumar","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RenukuntlaPraveenKumar?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/118005924/28935917/26999880/s65_renukuntla.praveen_kumar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44424343 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44424343"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44424343, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44424343", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44424343]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44424343").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44424343").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44424343"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2808" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poverty">Poverty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2808" type="text/json">{"id":2808,"name":"Poverty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poverty?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11758" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_insurance">Health insurance</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11758" type="text/json">{"id":11758,"name":"Health insurance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_insurance?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16288" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health">Public Health</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16288" type="text/json">{"id":16288,"name":"Public Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17960" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17960" type="text/json">{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44424343]'), work: {"id":44424343,"title":"Healthcare Programme (Rajiv Aarogyasri Insurance Scheme) For Poor People: A Qualitative Study","created_at":"2020-11-03T01:25:28.851-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44424343/Healthcare_Programme_Rajiv_Aarogyasri_Insurance_Scheme_For_Poor_People_A_Qualitative_Study?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_44424343","summary":"Majority samples are in the age group of 35 years to 50 years. Nearly 50 per cent of respondents are illiterates. 62.3 per cent (187 respondents) are male. Mostly samples are married people; their percentage is 84\n(252 respondents). The respondents from both the selected districts are drastically high from the OBC community, with 48 per cent (144 respondents). The respondents with agriculture, agricultural allied activities and agricultural labourers as the primary occupation, is 60 per cent (182 respondents). Nearly 60 percent families are landless and from below poverty line. The study shows that Ortho-related diseases dominated by 33.3 per cent (103 respondents). This is followed by paralysis at 16 per cent (48 respondents). Uterus related disease is an account for 27 respondents (9 per cent), pulmonary diseases are account for 25 respondents (8.3 per cent). It can be found that there is a high positive correlation between age, education, occupation, possession of land, health problems. \nKeywords: Health programme, Diseases, Insurance, BPL families.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64840019,"asset_id":44424343,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":118005924,"first_name":"Renukuntla","last_name":"Praveen Kumar","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RenukuntlaPraveenKumar","display_name":"Renukuntla Praveen Kumar","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RenukuntlaPraveenKumar?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/118005924/28935917/26999880/s65_renukuntla.praveen_kumar.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2808,"name":"Poverty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poverty?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":11758,"name":"Health insurance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_insurance?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":16288,"name":"Public 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href="https://www.academia.edu/79936524/Drugs_shown_to_inhibit_SARS_CoV_2_in_Covid_19_disease_Comparison_of_the_basic_and_clinical_pharmacology_of_Molnupiravir_and_Ivermectin">Drugs shown to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in Covid 19 disease : Comparison of the basic and clinical pharmacology of Molnupiravir and Ivermectin</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The pharmacology of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs, Molnupiravir (M) and repurposed Ivermectin (IV) were compared. The IC 50 for the inhibition of viral replication were 0.3µM for M and 2.8µM for IV. Both drugs have good oral absorption, with M... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_79936524" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The pharmacology of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs, Molnupiravir (M) and repurposed Ivermectin (IV) were compared. The IC 50 for the inhibition of viral replication were 0.3µM for M and 2.8µM for IV. Both drugs have good oral absorption, with M achieving peak plasma concentrations by 2 hours and IV by 5 hours. The plasma half life were 7 hours for M and 81-91 hours for IV. M inhibits viral replication inducing viral mutagenesis in RdRp, causing viral error catastrophe and viral extinction. IV affects viral cell entry, nuclear transport and inhibits replication via RdRp. IV has additional effect to suppress cytokine production through STAT-3 inhibition. M is a more potent antiviral drug and IV has a longer residence in the body. Their effects on RdRp and cytokine inhibition are potentially complimentary for anti-COVID-19 activity. Both IV and M should be compared in randomized controlled clinical trials, and the possibility of their combination for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antiviral actions, explored further.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/79936524" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1b0d4c95cc3bad6e357bed83d492a556" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86485227,"asset_id":79936524,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86485227/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="126909660" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AjayiAdesuyi">Adesuyi Ajayi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="126909660" type="text/json">{"id":126909660,"first_name":"Adesuyi","last_name":"Ajayi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AjayiAdesuyi","display_name":"Adesuyi Ajayi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AjayiAdesuyi?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/126909660/116837989/106135823/s65_adesuyi.ajayi.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_79936524 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="79936524"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 79936524, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_79936524", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=79936524]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_79936524").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_79936524").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="79936524"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8241" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tropical_Medicine">Tropical Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8241" type="text/json">{"id":8241,"name":"Tropical Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tropical_Medicine?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12571" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Pharmacology">Clinical Pharmacology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12571" type="text/json">{"id":12571,"name":"Clinical Pharmacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Pharmacology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17960" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17960" type="text/json">{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="65390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internal_Medicine">Internal Medicine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="65390" type="text/json">{"id":65390,"name":"Internal Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internal_Medicine?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=79936524]'), work: {"id":79936524,"title":"Drugs shown to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in Covid 19 disease : Comparison of the basic and clinical pharmacology of Molnupiravir and Ivermectin","created_at":"2022-05-25T22:13:58.500-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/79936524/Drugs_shown_to_inhibit_SARS_CoV_2_in_Covid_19_disease_Comparison_of_the_basic_and_clinical_pharmacology_of_Molnupiravir_and_Ivermectin?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_79936524","summary":"The pharmacology of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs, Molnupiravir (M) and repurposed Ivermectin (IV) were compared. The IC 50 for the inhibition of viral replication were 0.3µM for M and 2.8µM for IV. Both drugs have good oral absorption, with M achieving peak plasma concentrations by 2 hours and IV by 5 hours. The plasma half life were 7 hours for M and 81-91 hours for IV. M inhibits viral replication inducing viral mutagenesis in RdRp, causing viral error catastrophe and viral extinction. IV affects viral cell entry, nuclear transport and inhibits replication via RdRp. IV has additional effect to suppress cytokine production through STAT-3 inhibition. M is a more potent antiviral drug and IV has a longer residence in the body. Their effects on RdRp and cytokine inhibition are potentially complimentary for anti-COVID-19 activity. Both IV and M should be compared in randomized controlled clinical trials, and the possibility of their combination for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antiviral actions, explored further.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":86485227,"asset_id":79936524,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":126909660,"first_name":"Adesuyi","last_name":"Ajayi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AjayiAdesuyi","display_name":"Adesuyi Ajayi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AjayiAdesuyi?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/126909660/116837989/106135823/s65_adesuyi.ajayi.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8241,"name":"Tropical Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tropical_Medicine?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":12571,"name":"Clinical Pharmacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Pharmacology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":65390,"name":"Internal Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internal_Medicine?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":309803,"name":"Cardiology Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiology_Research?f_ri=17960"},{"id":464030,"name":"Clinical Cardiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Cardiology?f_ri=17960"},{"id":593137,"name":"Drug Repurposing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Repurposing?f_ri=17960"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_79041761" data-work_id="79041761" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79041761/Myelomeningocele_Mmc_In_Utero_Repair_Perioperative_Management_Case_Report">Myelomeningocele (Mmc) In Utero Repair. Perioperative Management. Case Report</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/79041761" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e0326d60d53060a1c6aaad7a4b9c9947" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":85895614,"asset_id":79041761,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85895614/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="44986807" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PortilloSantiago">Santiago Portillo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="44986807" type="text/json">{"id":44986807,"first_name":"Santiago","last_name":"Portillo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PortilloSantiago","display_name":"Santiago Portillo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PortilloSantiago?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_79041761 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="79041761"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 79041761, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_79041761", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=79041761]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_79041761").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_79041761").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="79041761"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="156" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics">Genetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="156" type="text/json">{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="161" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroscience">Neuroscience</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="161" type="text/json">{"id":161,"name":"Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroscience?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="502" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biophysics">Biophysics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="502" type="text/json">{"id":502,"name":"Biophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biophysics?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=79041761]'), work: {"id":79041761,"title":"Myelomeningocele (Mmc) In Utero Repair. Perioperative Management. Case Report","created_at":"2022-05-12T12:58:48.753-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/79041761/Myelomeningocele_Mmc_In_Utero_Repair_Perioperative_Management_Case_Report?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_79041761","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":85895614,"asset_id":79041761,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":44986807,"first_name":"Santiago","last_name":"Portillo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PortilloSantiago","display_name":"Santiago Portillo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PortilloSantiago?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":161,"name":"Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroscience?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":502,"name":"Biophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biophysics?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":2827,"name":"Mental Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mental_Health?f_ri=17960"},{"id":5398,"name":"Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biotechnology?f_ri=17960"},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=17960"},{"id":129739,"name":"Anesthesia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anesthesia?f_ri=17960"},{"id":368732,"name":"Fetal Surgery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fetal_Surgery?f_ri=17960"},{"id":379050,"name":"Latex Allergy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latex_Allergy?f_ri=17960"},{"id":527838,"name":"Myelomeningocele","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Myelomeningocele?f_ri=17960"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_71607763" data-work_id="71607763" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71607763/Lessons_Learned_in_Clinical_Trial_Communication_During_an_Ebola_Outbreak_The_Implementation_of_STRIVE">Lessons Learned in Clinical Trial Communication During an Ebola Outbreak: The Implementation of STRIVE</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">ClinicalTrials.gov [NCT02378753] and Pan African Clinical Trials Registry [PACTR201502001037220].</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/71607763" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8f91dce9467fe28fab38e1482359b8f2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":80878734,"asset_id":71607763,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80878734/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7798921" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WilliamsOtis">Otis Williams</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7798921" type="text/json">{"id":7798921,"first_name":"Otis","last_name":"Williams","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WilliamsOtis","display_name":"Otis Williams","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WilliamsOtis?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7798921/10247882/11436629/s65_otis.williams.jpg_oh_867221f919911aa918e3e67a6437a561_oe_5663bb05"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_71607763 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="71607763"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71607763, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_71607763", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_71607763 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71607763; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_71607763"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_71607763 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="71607763"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71607763; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71607763]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_71607763").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_71607763").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="71607763"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17960" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17960" type="text/json">{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3763225" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences">Medical and Health Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3763225" type="text/json">{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=71607763]'), work: {"id":71607763,"title":"Lessons Learned in Clinical Trial Communication During an Ebola Outbreak: The Implementation of STRIVE","created_at":"2022-02-15T06:04:22.510-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/71607763/Lessons_Learned_in_Clinical_Trial_Communication_During_an_Ebola_Outbreak_The_Implementation_of_STRIVE?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_71607763","summary":"ClinicalTrials.gov [NCT02378753] and Pan African Clinical Trials Registry [PACTR201502001037220].","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80878734,"asset_id":71607763,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7798921,"first_name":"Otis","last_name":"Williams","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WilliamsOtis","display_name":"Otis Williams","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WilliamsOtis?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7798921/10247882/11436629/s65_otis.williams.jpg_oh_867221f919911aa918e3e67a6437a561_oe_5663bb05"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_65914140 coauthored" data-work_id="65914140" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/65914140/The_Alteration_of_Clinical_and_Laboratory_Signs_and_Symptoms_of_COVID_19_in_Re_infection_A_Case_Report">The Alteration of Clinical and Laboratory Signs and Symptoms of COVID-19 in Re-infection: A Case Report</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background: Patients can be carriers of the virus for a long time or become re-infected or reinfected following the use of immunosuppressive drugs. Clinical manifestations in patients are very diverse and can range from asymptomatic to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_65914140" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background: Patients can be carriers of the virus for a long time or become re-infected or reinfected following the use of immunosuppressive drugs. Clinical manifestations in patients are very diverse and can range from asymptomatic to severe illness with death. Patients may also present with manifestations such as coagulation disorders, cardiac dysfunction and arrhythmias, acute coronary syndrome, kidney injury, liver injury, Refer to diabetic hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis. This is an essential point in the prevention of Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19). Case Presentation: We reported a case in which the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test was positive after re-negative after 5 months. Moreover, the patient presented different and more severe symptoms than the previous infection, as the genetic difference between the strains increased over time. Conclusion: As a result, immunization may become more complicated, and different clinical pictures occur; thus, this condition can challenge vaccine immunization.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/65914140" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="61fb910f20de89a7f5da86eac4065aeb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":77306294,"asset_id":65914140,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77306294/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="97303602" href="https://qums.academia.edu/TheJournalofQazvinUniversityofMedicalSciencesJQUMS">Journal of Inflammatory Diseases (J Inflamm Dis)</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="97303602" type="text/json">{"id":97303602,"first_name":"Journal of Inflammatory Diseases","last_name":"(J Inflamm Dis)","domain_name":"qums","page_name":"TheJournalofQazvinUniversityofMedicalSciencesJQUMS","display_name":"Journal of Inflammatory Diseases (J Inflamm Dis)","profile_url":"https://qums.academia.edu/TheJournalofQazvinUniversityofMedicalSciencesJQUMS?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-65914140">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-65914140"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/SarehMohammadi2">Sareh Mohammadi</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-65914140'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-65914140').html(); 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Clinical manifestations in patients are very diverse and can range from asymptomatic to severe illness with death. Patients may also present with manifestations such as coagulation disorders, cardiac dysfunction and arrhythmias, acute coronary syndrome, kidney injury, liver injury, Refer to diabetic hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis. This is an essential point in the prevention of Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19). Case Presentation: We reported a case in which the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test was positive after re-negative after 5 months. Moreover, the patient presented different and more severe symptoms than the previous infection, as the genetic difference between the strains increased over time. Conclusion: As a result, immunization may become more complicated, and different clinical pictures occur; thus, this condition can challenge vaccine immunization.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":77306294,"asset_id":65914140,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":97303602,"first_name":"Journal of Inflammatory Diseases","last_name":"(J Inflamm Dis)","domain_name":"qums","page_name":"TheJournalofQazvinUniversityofMedicalSciencesJQUMS","display_name":"Journal of Inflammatory Diseases (J Inflamm Dis)","profile_url":"https://qums.academia.edu/TheJournalofQazvinUniversityofMedicalSciencesJQUMS?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":211514984,"first_name":"Sareh","last_name":"Mohammadi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SarehMohammadi2","display_name":"Sareh Mohammadi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SarehMohammadi2?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1290,"name":"Immunology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_62130821" data-work_id="62130821" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/62130821/Comparison_of_two_isothermal_amplification_methods_Thermophilic_helicase_dependent_amplification_tHDA_and_loop_mediated_isothermal_amplification_LAMP_for_detection_of_Plasmodium_falciparum">Comparison of two isothermal amplification methods: Thermophilic helicase dependent amplification (tHDA) and loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for detection of Plasmodium falciparum</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/62130821" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a 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$(".js-view-count-work_62130821").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_62130821").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="62130821"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical 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falciparum","created_at":"2021-11-21T12:06:25.808-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/62130821/Comparison_of_two_isothermal_amplification_methods_Thermophilic_helicase_dependent_amplification_tHDA_and_loop_mediated_isothermal_amplification_LAMP_for_detection_of_Plasmodium_falciparum?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_62130821","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74974258,"asset_id":62130821,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":196646967,"first_name":"JP","last_name":"Van geertruyden","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JPVangeertruyden","display_name":"JP Van geertruyden","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JPVangeertruyden?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/196646967/58878840/47115985/s65_jp.van_geertruyden.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_57030701" data-work_id="57030701" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/57030701/Induction_of_local_protective_immunity_to_Eimeria_acervulina_by_a_Lactobacillus_based_probiotic">Induction of local protective immunity to Eimeria acervulina by a Lactobacillus-based probiotic</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div 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Indication of range of full-face pandemic masks Convergence on face-covering norms in Muslim-majority countries?</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50814548" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2378843139ef90b665a57c9b5082ef28" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68734699,"asset_id":50814548,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68734699/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31687101" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JudgeAnthony">Anthony Judge</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31687101" type="text/json">{"id":31687101,"first_name":"Anthony","last_name":"Judge","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JudgeAnthony","display_name":"Anthony Judge","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JudgeAnthony?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50814548 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50814548"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50814548, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50814548", }); 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Indication of range of full-face pandemic masks Convergence on face-covering norms in Muslim-majority countries?","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68734699,"asset_id":50814548,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31687101,"first_name":"Anthony","last_name":"Judge","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JudgeAnthony","display_name":"Anthony Judge","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JudgeAnthony?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":627,"name":"Ophthalmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophthalmology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":28401,"name":"Ocular Surface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ocular_Surface?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":62586,"name":"Masks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Masks?f_ri=17960"},{"id":306128,"name":"Animals and disease transmission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals_and_disease_transmission?f_ri=17960"},{"id":517443,"name":"Infection prevention and control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infection_prevention_and_control?f_ri=17960"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40962035" data-work_id="40962035" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40962035/Guia_de_Aplica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_das_Escalas_de_Estigma_EMIC_">Guia de Aplicação das Escalas de Estigma (EMIC)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><a href="https://www.nhrbrasil.org.br/images/Guia_de_Aplica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_das_Escalas_de_Estigma.pdf" rel="nofollow">https://www.nhrbrasil.org.br/images/Guia_de_Aplica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_das_Escalas_de_Estigma.pdf</a></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40962035" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ab0b03a660aceb6e4c830af611fe839a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61246425,"asset_id":40962035,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61246425/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="28474224" href="https://ufc.academia.edu/AlbertoRamosJr">Alberto N Ramos Jr</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="28474224" type="text/json">{"id":28474224,"first_name":"Alberto","last_name":"Ramos Jr","domain_name":"ufc","page_name":"AlbertoRamosJr","display_name":"Alberto N Ramos Jr","profile_url":"https://ufc.academia.edu/AlbertoRamosJr?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28474224/10717260/31767702/s65_alberto.ramos_jr.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40962035 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40962035"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40962035, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40962035", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40962035]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40962035").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40962035").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40962035"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4259" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stigma">Stigma</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4259" type="text/json">{"id":4259,"name":"Stigma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stigma?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6247" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stigmatization">Stigmatization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6247" type="text/json">{"id":6247,"name":"Stigmatization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stigmatization?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8075" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Illness-related_stigma">Illness-related stigma</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8075" type="text/json">{"id":8075,"name":"Illness-related stigma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Illness-related_stigma?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8241" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tropical_Medicine">Tropical Medicine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8241" type="text/json">{"id":8241,"name":"Tropical Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tropical_Medicine?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40962035]'), work: {"id":40962035,"title":"Guia de Aplicação das Escalas de Estigma (EMIC)","created_at":"2019-11-17T16:47:50.547-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40962035/Guia_de_Aplica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_das_Escalas_de_Estigma_EMIC_?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_40962035","summary":"https://www.nhrbrasil.org.br/images/Guia_de_Aplica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_das_Escalas_de_Estigma.pdf","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61246425,"asset_id":40962035,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":28474224,"first_name":"Alberto","last_name":"Ramos Jr","domain_name":"ufc","page_name":"AlbertoRamosJr","display_name":"Alberto N Ramos Jr","profile_url":"https://ufc.academia.edu/AlbertoRamosJr?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28474224/10717260/31767702/s65_alberto.ramos_jr.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4259,"name":"Stigma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stigma?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":6247,"name":"Stigmatization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stigmatization?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":8075,"name":"Illness-related stigma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Illness-related_stigma?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":8241,"name":"Tropical Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tropical_Medicine?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960"},{"id":54210,"name":"Social Stigma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Stigma?f_ri=17960"},{"id":73489,"name":"Leprosy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leprosy?f_ri=17960"},{"id":128002,"name":"Neglected tropical diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neglected_tropical_diseases?f_ri=17960"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38868844" data-work_id="38868844" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38868844/A_Model_to_Evaluate_the_Impact_of_Hospital_Based_Interventions_Targeting_False_positive_Blood_Cultures_on_Economic_and_Clinical_Outcomes">A Model to Evaluate the Impact of Hospital-Based Interventions Targeting False-positive Blood Cultures on Economic and Clinical Outcomes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background: Blood culture contamination (BCC) increases length of stay (LOS) and leads to unnecessary anti-microbial therapy and/or hospital-acquired conditions (HACs). Aim: We sought to quantify the magnitude of the additional LOS, costs... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38868844" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background: Blood culture contamination (BCC) increases length of stay (LOS) and leads to unnecessary anti-microbial therapy and/or hospital-acquired conditions (HACs).<br />Aim: We sought to quantify the magnitude of the additional LOS, costs to hospitals and society as well as the harm to patients attributable to BCC.<br />Methods: A retrospective matched survival analysis was performed involving hospitalized patients with septicaemia-compatible symptoms. BCC costs, hospital-acquired conditions (HACs), and potential savings were calculated based on the primary LOS data, a modified Delphi process, and published sources. The cost analysis compared standard care to interventions for reducing BCC, and estimated annual economic and clinical consequences for a typical hospital and for the entire U.S.<br />Findings: Patients with BCC experienced mean prolonged hospital stays of 2.35 days (p=0.0076). Avoiding BCCs would decrease costs by $6,463 ($4,818 from inpatient care, of which 53% was from reduced length of stay, and 26% was from reduced antibiotic use).<br />Annually, in a typical 250- to 400-bed hospital, employing phlebotomists would save $1.3 million and prevent 24 HACs (including 2 C. difficile cases); based on clinical efficacy evidence, using the studied Initial Specimen Diversion Device (ISDD) would save $ 1.9 million and prevent 34 HACs (including 3 C. difficile cases). In the United States, the respective strategies would prevent 69,300 and 102,900 HACs (including 6,000 and 8,900 C. difficile cases) and costs of $5 and $7.5 billion. <br />Conclusion: Costs and clinical burdens associated with false-positive cultures are substantial and can be reduced by available interventions, including phlebotomists and ISDD use.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38868844" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ffe0b512f3dc448b92c731b21db1202c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59348130,"asset_id":38868844,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59348130/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32998" href="https://uio.academia.edu/BenjaminGeisler">Benjamin P Geisler</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32998" type="text/json">{"id":32998,"first_name":"Benjamin","last_name":"Geisler","domain_name":"uio","page_name":"BenjaminGeisler","display_name":"Benjamin P Geisler","profile_url":"https://uio.academia.edu/BenjaminGeisler?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32998/10707/65137306/s65_benjamin.geisler.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38868844 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38868844"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38868844, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38868844", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38868844]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38868844").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38868844").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38868844"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1292" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Economics">Health Economics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1292" type="text/json">{"id":1292,"name":"Health Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Economics?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17960" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17960" type="text/json">{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="143814" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hospital_Medicine">Hospital Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="143814" type="text/json">{"id":143814,"name":"Hospital Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hospital_Medicine?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1281824" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blood_Culture">Blood Culture</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1281824" type="text/json">{"id":1281824,"name":"Blood Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blood_Culture?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38868844]'), work: {"id":38868844,"title":"A Model to Evaluate the Impact of Hospital-Based Interventions Targeting False-positive Blood Cultures on Economic and Clinical Outcomes","created_at":"2019-04-19T14:42:54.813-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38868844/A_Model_to_Evaluate_the_Impact_of_Hospital_Based_Interventions_Targeting_False_positive_Blood_Cultures_on_Economic_and_Clinical_Outcomes?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_38868844","summary":"Background: Blood culture contamination (BCC) increases length of stay (LOS) and leads to unnecessary anti-microbial therapy and/or hospital-acquired conditions (HACs).\nAim: We sought to quantify the magnitude of the additional LOS, costs to hospitals and society as well as the harm to patients attributable to BCC.\nMethods: A retrospective matched survival analysis was performed involving hospitalized patients with septicaemia-compatible symptoms. BCC costs, hospital-acquired conditions (HACs), and potential savings were calculated based on the primary LOS data, a modified Delphi process, and published sources. The cost analysis compared standard care to interventions for reducing BCC, and estimated annual economic and clinical consequences for a typical hospital and for the entire U.S.\nFindings: Patients with BCC experienced mean prolonged hospital stays of 2.35 days (p=0.0076). Avoiding BCCs would decrease costs by $6,463 ($4,818 from inpatient care, of which 53% was from reduced length of stay, and 26% was from reduced antibiotic use).\nAnnually, in a typical 250- to 400-bed hospital, employing phlebotomists would save $1.3 million and prevent 24 HACs (including 2 C. difficile cases); based on clinical efficacy evidence, using the studied Initial Specimen Diversion Device (ISDD) would save $ 1.9 million and prevent 34 HACs (including 3 C. difficile cases). In the United States, the respective strategies would prevent 69,300 and 102,900 HACs (including 6,000 and 8,900 C. difficile cases) and costs of $5 and $7.5 billion. \nConclusion: Costs and clinical burdens associated with false-positive cultures are substantial and can be reduced by available interventions, including phlebotomists and ISDD use. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59348130,"asset_id":38868844,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32998,"first_name":"Benjamin","last_name":"Geisler","domain_name":"uio","page_name":"BenjaminGeisler","display_name":"Benjamin P Geisler","profile_url":"https://uio.academia.edu/BenjaminGeisler?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32998/10707/65137306/s65_benjamin.geisler.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1292,"name":"Health Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Economics?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":143814,"name":"Hospital Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hospital_Medicine?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":1281824,"name":"Blood Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blood_Culture?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32015848" data-work_id="32015848" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32015848/Comparison_of_the_Safety_and_Immunogenicity_of_2_Respiratory_Syncytial_Virus_RSV_Vaccines_Nonadjuvanted_Vaccine_or_Vaccine_Adjuvanted_with_Alum_Given_Concomitantly_with_Influenza_Vaccine_to_High_Risk_Elderly_Individuals">Comparison of the Safety and Immunogenicity of 2 Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Vaccines— Nonadjuvanted Vaccine or Vaccine Adjuvanted with Alum—Given Concomitantly with Influenza Vaccine to High‐Risk Elderly Individuals</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thailand">Thailand</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10096" type="text/json">{"id":10096,"name":"Thailand","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thailand?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17960" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17960" type="text/json">{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22506" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent">Adolescent</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22506" type="text/json">{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39979" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dengue_Virus">Dengue Virus</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="39979" type="text/json">{"id":39979,"name":"Dengue Virus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dengue_Virus?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=21476720]'), work: {"id":21476720,"title":"Dengue in the Early Febrile Phase: Viremia and Antibody Responses","created_at":"2016-02-02T13:11:42.495-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/21476720/Dengue_in_the_Early_Febrile_Phase_Viremia_and_Antibody_Responses?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_21476720","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41900623,"asset_id":21476720,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42555915,"first_name":"Francis","last_name":"Ennis","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FrancisEnnis","display_name":"Francis Ennis","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FrancisEnnis?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10096,"name":"Thailand","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thailand?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":39979,"name":"Dengue Virus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dengue_Virus?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=17960"},{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child?f_ri=17960"},{"id":134346,"name":"Infant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infant?f_ri=17960"},{"id":157268,"name":"Dengue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dengue?f_ri=17960"},{"id":210665,"name":"Infectious","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious?f_ri=17960"},{"id":387144,"name":"Fever","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fever?f_ri=17960"},{"id":442734,"name":"First Year","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First_Year?f_ri=17960"},{"id":538554,"name":"Study design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Study_design?f_ri=17960"},{"id":900542,"name":"Selection Bias","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Selection_Bias?f_ri=17960"},{"id":1277793,"name":"Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dengue_Hemorrhagic_Fever?f_ri=17960"},{"id":1716403,"name":"immunoglobulin G","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/immunoglobulin_G?f_ri=17960"},{"id":2007837,"name":"Virus isolation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virus_isolation?f_ri=17960"},{"id":2032368,"name":"Serotyping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Serotyping?f_ri=17960"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_60613262" data-work_id="60613262" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/60613262/Safety_and_Immunogenicity_of_LC16m8_an_Attenuated_Smallpox_Vaccine_in_Vaccinia_Naive_Adults">Safety and Immunogenicity of LC16m8, an Attenuated Smallpox Vaccine in Vaccinia-Naive Adults</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/60613262" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="61d69a06c5e9ce95d41b75b3dc37bcd9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73978571,"asset_id":60613262,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_60613262 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60613262"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60613262; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60613262]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_60613262").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_60613262").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="60613262"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9111" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytokines">Cytokines</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9111" type="text/json">{"id":9111,"name":"Cytokines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytokines?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17158" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Japan">Japan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17158" type="text/json">{"id":17158,"name":"Japan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Japan?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17960" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17960" type="text/json">{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22506" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent">Adolescent</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="22506" type="text/json">{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=60613262]'), work: {"id":60613262,"title":"Safety and Immunogenicity of LC16m8, an Attenuated Smallpox Vaccine in Vaccinia-Naive Adults","created_at":"2021-10-31T17:18:17.837-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/60613262/Safety_and_Immunogenicity_of_LC16m8_an_Attenuated_Smallpox_Vaccine_in_Vaccinia_Naive_Adults?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_60613262","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73978571,"asset_id":60613262,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35651523,"first_name":"Shigeru","last_name":"Morikawa","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ShigeruMorikawa","display_name":"Shigeru Morikawa","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ShigeruMorikawa?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9111,"name":"Cytokines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytokines?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17158,"name":"Japan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Japan?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=17960"},{"id":133057,"name":"Young Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Young_Adult?f_ri=17960"},{"id":141450,"name":"Smallpox","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Smallpox?f_ri=17960"},{"id":561002,"name":"Vaccinia Virus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaccinia_Virus?f_ri=17960"},{"id":782251,"name":"Cell Proliferation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Proliferation?f_ri=17960"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=17960"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_59615266" data-work_id="59615266" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/59615266/Prevalence_and_factors_associated_with_hospital_acquired_infections_in_Kayunga_district_hospital_central_Uganda">Prevalence and factors associated with hospital acquired infections in Kayunga district hospital, central Uganda</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/59615266" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6e6e1ceb2bfe5f4cfac1a8ad3c18370e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73447379,"asset_id":59615266,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73447379/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33719027" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RaymondTweheyo">Raymond Tweheyo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33719027" type="text/json">{"id":33719027,"first_name":"Raymond","last_name":"Tweheyo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RaymondTweheyo","display_name":"Raymond Tweheyo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RaymondTweheyo?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_59615266 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="59615266"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 59615266, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_59615266", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_59615266 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59615266; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_59615266"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_59615266 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59615266"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59615266; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59615266]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_59615266").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_59615266").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="59615266"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17960" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17960" type="text/json">{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=59615266]'), work: {"id":59615266,"title":"Prevalence and factors associated with hospital acquired infections in Kayunga district hospital, central Uganda","created_at":"2021-10-23T01:55:37.036-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/59615266/Prevalence_and_factors_associated_with_hospital_acquired_infections_in_Kayunga_district_hospital_central_Uganda?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_59615266","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73447379,"asset_id":59615266,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33719027,"first_name":"Raymond","last_name":"Tweheyo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RaymondTweheyo","display_name":"Raymond Tweheyo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RaymondTweheyo?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41519720" data-work_id="41519720" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41519720/Case_A_case_of_neonatal_tetanus_presented_within_24_hours_of_life">Case A case of neonatal tetanus presented within 24 hours of life</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">SUMMARY Neonatal tetanus is still prevalent in developing countries such as India. Generally, neonatal tetanus is seen in babies of unimmunized mothers beyond the second day of life. A neonate presented to us on the 4th hour of birth with... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41519720" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">SUMMARY Neonatal tetanus is still prevalent in<br />developing countries such as India. Generally, neonatal<br />tetanus is seen in babies of unimmunized mothers beyond<br />the second day of life. A neonate presented to us on the<br />4th hour of birth with a periumbilical ulcer.The baby’s<br />antenatal and birth history was uneventful.The mother<br />had been immunized against tetanus. At presentation, the<br />baby was active, alert and sucking normally. Avery small<br />ulcer was noted below the umbilicus. Subsequently, the<br />baby developed rigidity and a tonic spasm of its body with<br />recurrent seizures from the 18th hour of its birth and by<br />21st hour. It also had a full blown clinical picture of neonatal<br />tetanus including: masseter spasm; generalized rigidity; a<br />high pitched cry: and intermittent opisthotonos posturing.<br />An ulcer gradually enlarged to 5  4 cm and a swab from<br />ulcer showed Clostridium tetani (both on Gram staining<br />and culture). A review of the published literature did not<br />reveal any case that had presented so early.Therefore, this<br />is probably the first case of neonatal tetanus being<br />reported within the 21st hour of birth.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41519720" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0e687a8eded0b0681fbfb3c4ddc06804" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61684244,"asset_id":41519720,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61684244/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="140884509" href="https://thewbuhs.academia.edu/DRBIDYUTKUMARKHUNTDAR">DR. BIDYUT KUMAR KHUNTDAR</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="140884509" type="text/json">{"id":140884509,"first_name":"DR. BIDYUT KUMAR","last_name":"KHUNTDAR","domain_name":"thewbuhs","page_name":"DRBIDYUTKUMARKHUNTDAR","display_name":"DR. BIDYUT KUMAR KHUNTDAR","profile_url":"https://thewbuhs.academia.edu/DRBIDYUTKUMARKHUNTDAR?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/140884509/38026589/32003883/s65_dr._bidyut_kumar.khuntdar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41519720 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41519720"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41519720, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41519720", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_41519720 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41519720; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_41519720"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_41519720 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41519720"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41519720; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41519720]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41519720").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41519720").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41519720"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17960" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17960" type="text/json">{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41519720]'), work: {"id":41519720,"title":"Case A case of neonatal tetanus presented within 24 hours of life","created_at":"2020-01-05T04:25:27.368-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41519720/Case_A_case_of_neonatal_tetanus_presented_within_24_hours_of_life?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_41519720","summary":"SUMMARY Neonatal tetanus is still prevalent in\ndeveloping countries such as India. Generally, neonatal\ntetanus is seen in babies of unimmunized mothers beyond\nthe second day of life. A neonate presented to us on the\n4th hour of birth with a periumbilical ulcer.The baby’s\nantenatal and birth history was uneventful.The mother\nhad been immunized against tetanus. At presentation, the\nbaby was active, alert and sucking normally. Avery small\nulcer was noted below the umbilicus. Subsequently, the\nbaby developed rigidity and a tonic spasm of its body with\nrecurrent seizures from the 18th hour of its birth and by\n21st hour. It also had a full blown clinical picture of neonatal\ntetanus including: masseter spasm; generalized rigidity; a\nhigh pitched cry: and intermittent opisthotonos posturing.\nAn ulcer gradually enlarged to 5 4 cm and a swab from\nulcer showed Clostridium tetani (both on Gram staining\nand culture). A review of the published literature did not\nreveal any case that had presented so early.Therefore, this\nis probably the first case of neonatal tetanus being\nreported within the 21st hour of birth.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61684244,"asset_id":41519720,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":140884509,"first_name":"DR. BIDYUT KUMAR","last_name":"KHUNTDAR","domain_name":"thewbuhs","page_name":"DRBIDYUTKUMARKHUNTDAR","display_name":"DR. BIDYUT KUMAR KHUNTDAR","profile_url":"https://thewbuhs.academia.edu/DRBIDYUTKUMARKHUNTDAR?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/140884509/38026589/32003883/s65_dr._bidyut_kumar.khuntdar.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14494242" data-work_id="14494242" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14494242/Routine_lumbar_puncture_in_children_with_febrile_seizures_in_Ghana_should_it_continue">Routine lumbar puncture in children with febrile seizures in Ghana: should it continue?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Performing routine lumbar punctures in children with febrile seizures has been controversial. This study aimed to determine the positive yield of lumbar punctures in a setting where routine lumbar puncture is routinely carried out and to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14494242" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Performing routine lumbar punctures in children with febrile seizures has been controversial. This study aimed to determine the positive yield of lumbar punctures in a setting where routine lumbar puncture is routinely carried out and to determine if any other parameter could ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14494242" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6f2a2ea3c9f72b10b646092f6abe22bf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44113629,"asset_id":14494242,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44113629/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33441517" href="https://atmenson.academia.edu/DanielAnsong">Daniel Ansong</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33441517" type="text/json">{"id":33441517,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Ansong","domain_name":"atmenson","page_name":"DanielAnsong","display_name":"Daniel Ansong","profile_url":"https://atmenson.academia.edu/DanielAnsong?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33441517/17953438/17965351/s65_daniel.ansong.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14494242 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14494242"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14494242, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14494242", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_14494242 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14494242; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_14494242"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_14494242 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14494242"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14494242; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14494242]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_14494242").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_14494242").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="14494242"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7823" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malaria">Malaria</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7823" type="text/json">{"id":7823,"name":"Malaria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malaria?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9620" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ghana">Ghana</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9620" type="text/json">{"id":9620,"name":"Ghana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ghana?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14494242]'), work: {"id":14494242,"title":"Routine lumbar puncture in children with febrile seizures in Ghana: should it continue?","created_at":"2015-07-29T13:30:49.926-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/14494242/Routine_lumbar_puncture_in_children_with_febrile_seizures_in_Ghana_should_it_continue?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_14494242","summary":"Performing routine lumbar punctures in children with febrile seizures has been controversial. This study aimed to determine the positive yield of lumbar punctures in a setting where routine lumbar puncture is routinely carried out and to determine if any other parameter could ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44113629,"asset_id":14494242,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33441517,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Ansong","domain_name":"atmenson","page_name":"DanielAnsong","display_name":"Daniel Ansong","profile_url":"https://atmenson.academia.edu/DanielAnsong?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33441517/17953438/17965351/s65_daniel.ansong.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":7823,"name":"Malaria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malaria?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":9620,"name":"Ghana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ghana?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960"},{"id":62112,"name":"Prospective studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies?f_ri=17960"},{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child?f_ri=17960"},{"id":134346,"name":"Infant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infant?f_ri=17960"},{"id":598830,"name":"Febrile Seizure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Febrile_Seizure?f_ri=17960"},{"id":966065,"name":"Cerebral Malaria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cerebral_Malaria?f_ri=17960"},{"id":1107128,"name":"Bacterial meningitis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bacterial_meningitis?f_ri=17960"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20243472" data-work_id="20243472" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20243472/Infeksjoner_ved_bitt">Infeksjoner ved bitt</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20243472" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="da526e83c045a906d91489471681ac5e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41098806,"asset_id":20243472,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41098806/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="40317004" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AsleEnger">Asle Enger</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="40317004" type="text/json">{"id":40317004,"first_name":"Asle","last_name":"Enger","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AsleEnger","display_name":"Asle Enger","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AsleEnger?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20243472 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20243472"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20243472, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20243472", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_20243472 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20243472; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_20243472"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_20243472 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="20243472"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20243472; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20243472]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_20243472").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_20243472").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="20243472"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17960" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17960" type="text/json">{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=20243472]'), work: {"id":20243472,"title":"Infeksjoner ved bitt","created_at":"2016-01-13T23:16:10.043-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/20243472/Infeksjoner_ved_bitt?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_20243472","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41098806,"asset_id":20243472,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":40317004,"first_name":"Asle","last_name":"Enger","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AsleEnger","display_name":"Asle Enger","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AsleEnger?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4238787" data-work_id="4238787" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4238787/Impact_of_splenomegaly_on_complete_blood_counts_in_hospitalized_patients_with_Plasmodium_vivax_malaria">Impact of splenomegaly on complete blood counts in hospitalized patients with Plasmodium vivax malaria</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objective: Vivax malaria is common in Pakistan. We carried out this study to determine the effects of this infection on blood counts and the impact of splenomegaly on these results. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4238787" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objective: Vivax malaria is common in Pakistan. We carried out this study to determine the effects of this infection on blood counts and the impact of splenomegaly on these results. <br />Methods: This was a retrospective observational study carried out at 1 Mountain Medical Battalion, Bagh, Azad Kashmir. Old medical records of all patients admitted with vivax malaria from Jan 2010 to Oct 2012 were scrutinized. The presence or absence of a palpable spleen and the results of complete blood counts and platelet counts measured at the time of admission were noted down. Anaemia was defined as Hb<13g/dl in men, leukopenia as total leukocyte count (TLC)<4000/µl and thrombocytopenia as platelets count <150000/µl. Data was analysed with STATA version 12.1. The results of haematology parameters were compared amongst patients with splenomegaly and the rest. <br />Results: Anaemia was seen in 22.15%, neutropenia in 23.49% and thrombocytopenia in 90.60% of the 149 male patients having a mean age of 27.54±5.11 years. The differences in mean blood counts and the number of patients with haematological abnormalities in the two groups were statistically insignificant. <br />Conclusion: Since the blood counts are not affected by presence or absence of splenomegaly, mechanisms other than hypersplenism are important.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4238787" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="de086918db2c16215031e478ae4040d6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31721812,"asset_id":4238787,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31721812/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3492177" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ArshadAbdulRehman">Abdul Rehman Arshad</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3492177" type="text/json">{"id":3492177,"first_name":"Abdul Rehman","last_name":"Arshad","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ArshadAbdulRehman","display_name":"Abdul Rehman Arshad","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ArshadAbdulRehman?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4238787 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4238787"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4238787, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4238787", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4238787]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4238787").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4238787").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4238787"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">26</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="164" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology">Parasitology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="164" type="text/json">{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="620" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internal_Medicine_General_Medicine_">Internal Medicine (General Medicine)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="620" type="text/json">{"id":620,"name":"Internal Medicine (General Medicine)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internal_Medicine_General_Medicine_?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4376" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Family_Medicine">Family Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4376" type="text/json">{"id":4376,"name":"Family Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Family_Medicine?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7823" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malaria">Malaria</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7823" type="text/json">{"id":7823,"name":"Malaria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malaria?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4238787]'), work: {"id":4238787,"title":"Impact of splenomegaly on complete blood counts in hospitalized patients with Plasmodium vivax malaria","created_at":"2013-08-14T01:10:04.529-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4238787/Impact_of_splenomegaly_on_complete_blood_counts_in_hospitalized_patients_with_Plasmodium_vivax_malaria?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_4238787","summary":"Objective: Vivax malaria is common in Pakistan. We carried out this study to determine the effects of this infection on blood counts and the impact of splenomegaly on these results.\r\nMethods: This was a retrospective observational study carried out at 1 Mountain Medical Battalion, Bagh, Azad Kashmir. Old medical records of all patients admitted with vivax malaria from Jan 2010 to Oct 2012 were scrutinized. The presence or absence of a palpable spleen and the results of complete blood counts and platelet counts measured at the time of admission were noted down. Anaemia was defined as Hb\u003c13g/dl in men, leukopenia as total leukocyte count (TLC)\u003c4000/µl and thrombocytopenia as platelets count \u003c150000/µl. Data was analysed with STATA version 12.1. The results of haematology parameters were compared amongst patients with splenomegaly and the rest.\r\nResults: Anaemia was seen in 22.15%, neutropenia in 23.49% and thrombocytopenia in 90.60% of the 149 male patients having a mean age of 27.54±5.11 years. The differences in mean blood counts and the number of patients with haematological abnormalities in the two groups were statistically insignificant.\r\nConclusion: Since the blood counts are not affected by presence or absence of splenomegaly, mechanisms other than hypersplenism are important.\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31721812,"asset_id":4238787,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3492177,"first_name":"Abdul Rehman","last_name":"Arshad","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ArshadAbdulRehman","display_name":"Abdul Rehman Arshad","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ArshadAbdulRehman?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":164,"name":"Parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parasitology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":620,"name":"Internal Medicine (General Medicine)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internal_Medicine_General_Medicine_?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":4376,"name":"Family Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Family_Medicine?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":7823,"name":"Malaria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malaria?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":8241,"name":"Tropical Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tropical_Medicine?f_ri=17960"},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960"},{"id":24703,"name":"Neutrophil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neutrophil?f_ri=17960"},{"id":24882,"name":"Medical Entomology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Entomology?f_ri=17960"},{"id":24883,"name":"Malaria and other Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malaria_and_other_Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=17960"},{"id":28573,"name":"Infectious Disease (Biological Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Disease_Biological_Anthropology_?f_ri=17960"},{"id":30444,"name":"Plasmodium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plasmodium?f_ri=17960"},{"id":49018,"name":"Spleen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spleen?f_ri=17960"},{"id":50781,"name":"Haematology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Haematology?f_ri=17960"},{"id":52136,"name":"Platelet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Platelet?f_ri=17960"},{"id":65390,"name":"Internal Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internal_Medicine?f_ri=17960"},{"id":81309,"name":"Infectious Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Disease?f_ri=17960"},{"id":91390,"name":"Platelets","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Platelets?f_ri=17960"},{"id":102489,"name":"Anaemia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anaemia?f_ri=17960"},{"id":114187,"name":"Malaria Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malaria_Research?f_ri=17960"},{"id":138211,"name":"Medical parasitology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_parasitology?f_ri=17960"},{"id":138603,"name":"Thrombocytopenia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thrombocytopenia?f_ri=17960"},{"id":215017,"name":"Tropical and Infectious diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tropical_and_Infectious_diseases?f_ri=17960"},{"id":220443,"name":"Splenomegaly","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Splenomegaly?f_ri=17960"},{"id":1111121,"name":"Plasmodium Infection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plasmodium_Infection?f_ri=17960"},{"id":1115412,"name":"Vector Biology \u0026 Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vector_Biology_and_Control-1?f_ri=17960"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_76911923" data-work_id="76911923" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76911923/Hajj_vaccinations_facts_challenges_and_hope">Hajj vaccinations—facts, challenges, and hope</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" 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type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17960" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17960" type="text/json">{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="897823" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elsevier">Elsevier</a><script 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Hill-Cawthorne","profile_url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/GrantHillCawthorne?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3100043/1018582/1935975/s65_grant.hill-cawthorne.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":897823,"name":"Elsevier","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elsevier?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_68942364" data-work_id="68942364" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68942364/Proof_of_concept_study_Are_mosquitoes_capable_of_picking_up_Mycobacterium_ulcerans_Buruli_ulcer_etiological_agent_from_their_breeding_environment_and_hosting_this_Mycobacterium_in_their_bodies_throughout_their_developmental_stages">Proof of concept study: Are mosquitoes capable of picking-up Mycobacterium ulcerans (Buruli ulcer etiological agent) from their breeding environment and hosting this Mycobacterium in their bodies throughout their developmental stages?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Francis ZEUKING , Rousseau DJOUAKA, Jude BIGOGA , Razack ADEOTI, Manuele TAMO, Wilfred F. MBACHAM, Anthony ABLORDEY 1 AgroEcoHealth Platform, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), 08 P.O.Box 0932, Tri-Postal Cotonou,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_68942364" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Francis ZEUKING , Rousseau DJOUAKA, Jude BIGOGA , Razack ADEOTI, Manuele TAMO, Wilfred F. MBACHAM, Anthony ABLORDEY 1 AgroEcoHealth Platform, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), 08 P.O.Box 0932, Tri-Postal Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin. 2 Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, P.O.Box., 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 3 Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, P.O.Box., 581, Legon, Accra, Ghana.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/68942364" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b5462b6c19defc1bb1f9eaa9b489b91f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":79233674,"asset_id":68942364,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79233674/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="166207183" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RAdeoti">Razack Adeoti</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="166207183" type="text/json">{"id":166207183,"first_name":"Razack","last_name":"Adeoti","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RAdeoti","display_name":"Razack Adeoti","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RAdeoti?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_68942364 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="68942364"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 68942364, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_68942364", }); 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MBACHAM, Anthony ABLORDEY 1 AgroEcoHealth Platform, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), 08 P.O.Box 0932, Tri-Postal Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin. 2 Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, P.O.Box., 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 3 Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, P.O.Box., 581, Legon, Accra, Ghana.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79233674,"asset_id":68942364,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":166207183,"first_name":"Razack","last_name":"Adeoti","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RAdeoti","display_name":"Razack Adeoti","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RAdeoti?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":211171,"name":"Buruli Ulcer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Buruli_Ulcer?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":333035,"name":"Naturally fractured reservoirs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Naturally_fractured_reservoirs?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":585121,"name":"Mosquitoes Vectors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mosquitoes_Vectors?f_ri=17960"},{"id":801605,"name":"Mycobacterium Ulcerans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycobacterium_Ulcerans?f_ri=17960"},{"id":1885961,"name":"Modes of transmission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modes_of_transmission?f_ri=17960"},{"id":2735595,"name":"Molecular and Environmental Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_and_Environmental_Microbiology?f_ri=17960"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10063027 coauthored" data-work_id="10063027" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10063027/Re_Emergence_of_Chikungunya_Virus_Completed_Setup_and_the_Danger_of_Imminent_Invasion">Re-Emergence of Chikungunya Virus: Completed Setup and the Danger of Imminent Invasion</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10063027" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1727409f2f2ddef9d0f49da6fbb38eaf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36190578,"asset_id":10063027,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36190578/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24445344" href="https://liverpool.academia.edu/MuhammadShamsherAhmed">Muhammad S Ahmed</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24445344" type="text/json">{"id":24445344,"first_name":"Muhammad","last_name":"Ahmed","domain_name":"liverpool","page_name":"MuhammadShamsherAhmed","display_name":"Muhammad S Ahmed","profile_url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/MuhammadShamsherAhmed?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24445344/6595450/7456608/s65_muhammad_shamsher.ahmed.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-10063027">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-10063027"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/OsulAhmedChowdhury">Osul Ahmed Chowdhury</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { 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var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10063027"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10063027 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10063027"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10063027; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10063027]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10063027").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10063027").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10063027"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8241" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tropical_Medicine">Tropical Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8241" type="text/json">{"id":8241,"name":"Tropical Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tropical_Medicine?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16288" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health">Public Health</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16288" type="text/json">{"id":16288,"name":"Public Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17960" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17960" type="text/json">{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="601574" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chikungunya_Infection">Chikungunya Infection</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="601574" type="text/json">{"id":601574,"name":"Chikungunya Infection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chikungunya_Infection?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10063027]'), work: {"id":10063027,"title":"Re-Emergence of Chikungunya Virus: Completed Setup and the Danger of Imminent Invasion","created_at":"2015-01-07T17:45:27.449-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10063027/Re_Emergence_of_Chikungunya_Virus_Completed_Setup_and_the_Danger_of_Imminent_Invasion?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_10063027","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36190578,"asset_id":10063027,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24445344,"first_name":"Muhammad","last_name":"Ahmed","domain_name":"liverpool","page_name":"MuhammadShamsherAhmed","display_name":"Muhammad S Ahmed","profile_url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/MuhammadShamsherAhmed?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24445344/6595450/7456608/s65_muhammad_shamsher.ahmed.jpg"},{"id":45058386,"first_name":"Osul Ahmed","last_name":"Chowdhury","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"OsulAhmedChowdhury","display_name":"Osul Ahmed Chowdhury","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/OsulAhmedChowdhury?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/45058386/159467383/149131114/s65_osul_ahmed.chowdhury.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8241,"name":"Tropical Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tropical_Medicine?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":16288,"name":"Public Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":601574,"name":"Chikungunya Infection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chikungunya_Infection?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_67452240" data-work_id="67452240" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67452240/Optimal_Control_of_Nipah_Virus_Niv_Infections_A_Bangladesh_Scenario">Optimal Control of Nipah Virus (Niv) Infections: A Bangladesh Scenario</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Nipah virus (NiV) is a newly detected highly pathogenic virus with ability to cause devastating morbidity and mortality (an estimated 100% in some cases) rate among the human populations. This emerging infectious disease has become one of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_67452240" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Nipah virus (NiV) is a newly detected highly pathogenic virus with ability to cause devastating morbidity and mortality (an estimated 100% in some cases) rate among the human populations. This emerging infectious disease has become one of the most alarming threats of the public healths in Bangladesh mainly due to its periodic outbreaks (as it strikes almost every year) and the highly devastating mortality rate. In this paper, we propose a mathematical model describing the host-pathogen interactions in terms of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The main aim is to investigate the disease propagation and control strategy of NiV infections. The behaviour of the dynamics of NiV infections has been illustrated by the numerical simulations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/67452240" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20655194" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MdHaiderAliBiswas">Md. Haider Ali Biswas</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20655194" type="text/json">{"id":20655194,"first_name":"Md. Haider Ali","last_name":"Biswas","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MdHaiderAliBiswas","display_name":"Md. Haider Ali Biswas","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MdHaiderAliBiswas?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_67452240 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="67452240"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67452240, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_67452240", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_67452240 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67452240; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_67452240"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_67452240 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67452240"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67452240; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67452240]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_67452240").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_67452240").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="67452240"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1085" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology">Epidemiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1085" type="text/json">{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2200" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimal_Control">Optimal Control</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2200" type="text/json">{"id":2200,"name":"Optimal Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimal_Control?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17960" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17960" type="text/json">{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=67452240]'), work: {"id":67452240,"title":"Optimal Control of Nipah Virus (Niv) Infections: A Bangladesh Scenario","created_at":"2022-01-06T19:11:17.581-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/67452240/Optimal_Control_of_Nipah_Virus_Niv_Infections_A_Bangladesh_Scenario?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_67452240","summary":"Nipah virus (NiV) is a newly detected highly pathogenic virus with ability to cause devastating morbidity and mortality (an estimated 100% in some cases) rate among the human populations. This emerging infectious disease has become one of the most alarming threats of the public healths in Bangladesh mainly due to its periodic outbreaks (as it strikes almost every year) and the highly devastating mortality rate. In this paper, we propose a mathematical model describing the host-pathogen interactions in terms of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The main aim is to investigate the disease propagation and control strategy of NiV infections. The behaviour of the dynamics of NiV infections has been illustrated by the numerical simulations.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20655194,"first_name":"Md. Haider Ali","last_name":"Biswas","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MdHaiderAliBiswas","display_name":"Md. Haider Ali Biswas","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MdHaiderAliBiswas?f_ri=17960","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":2200,"name":"Optimal Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimal_Control?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":119091,"name":"Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ordinary_Differential_Equations_ODE_?f_ri=17960"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_51009555" data-work_id="51009555" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51009555/T%C3%A9tanos_generalizado_revisi%C3%B3n_a_prop%C3%B3sito_de_un_caso">Tétanos generalizado: revisión a propósito de un caso</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Introduction: tetanus is a disease caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. It is characterized clinically by generalized stiffness and muscle spasms capable of causing respiratory arrest and death. The high-risk... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_51009555" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Introduction: tetanus is a disease caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. It is characterized clinically by generalized stiffness and muscle spasms capable of causing respiratory arrest and death. The high-risk population includes older adults, diabetics, injection drug users, and the unvaccinated. The diagnosis of tetanus is increasingly rare, with the implementation of compulsory vaccination programs it has been possible to reduce the incidence of this disease worldwide; however, it continues to have significant morbidity and mortality.<br />Objective: to describe the case of a male patient with generalized tetanus in order to reinforce the relevance of vaccination, prophylaxis, early diagnosis and timely treatment.<br />Clinic case: 18-year-old male patient admitted to the emergency department of a primary care center 10 days after wounding his lower right limb, which progressed to fever, trismus, hypertonia and generalized muscle contractions. His immunization schedule was unknown and he lacked tetanus prophylaxis; Therefore, based on the history and the clinical picture, a diagnosis of accidental generalized tetanus was made, treatment was instituted, and the patient was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. The neurological manifestations were graves; however, he progressed satisfactorily until complete resolution of the condition and was subsequently discharged.<br />Conclusions: despite the fact that tetanus is a pathology that doctors do not usually see in their clinical practice, it is a serious infection that still represents an important diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The disease can be completely prevented by vaccination and proper wound care.<br /><br />RESUMEN<br />Introducción: el tétanos es una enfermedad causada por una toxina producida por la bacteria Clostridium tetani. Se caracteriza clínicamente por rigidez generalizada y espasmos musculares capaces de causar paro respiratorio y muerte. La población de alto riesgo incluye a los adultos mayores, los diabéticos, los usuarios de drogas inyectables y las personas no vacunadas. El diagnóstico de tétanos es cada vez más raro, con la implementación de programas de vacunación obligatoria se ha logrado disminuir la incidencia de esta enfermedad a nivel mundial; no obstante, sigue teniendo una morbimortalidad significativa.<br />Objetivo: describir el caso de un paciente masculino con tétanos generalizado con el fin de reforzar la relevancia de la vacunación, profilaxis, su diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento oportuno.<br />Caso clínico: paciente masculino de 18 años de edad que ingresa al servicio de urgencias remitido centro de atención primaria 10 días después de hacerse herida en miembro inferior derecho, que evolucionó hasta presentar fiebre, trismo, hipertonía y contracciones musculares generalizadas. Su esquema de inmunizaciones era desconocido y carecía de profilaxis antitetánica; por lo tanto, con base a los antecedentes y el cuadro clínico se hizo diagnóstico de tétanos generalizado accidental, se instauró tratamiento y se trasladó a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Las manifestaciones neurológicas fueron graves; sin embargo, evolucionó satisfactoriamente hasta la resolución completa del cuadro y fue dado de alta posteriormente.<br />Conclusión: a pesar de que el tétanos es una patología que los médicos no ven usualmente en su práctica clínica, es una infección grave que todavía representa un importante desafío diagnóstico y terapéutico. La enfermedad se puede prevenir completamente mediante la vacunación y el cuidado adecuado de las heridas.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/51009555" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="095f2b192bf882636b1964561420ebe3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68881613,"asset_id":51009555,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68881613/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16498327" href="https://unicartagena.academia.edu/REVISTACIENCIASBIOMEDICAS">REVISTA CIENCIAS BIOMEDICAS</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16498327" type="text/json">{"id":16498327,"first_name":"REVISTA","last_name":"CIENCIAS BIOMEDICAS","domain_name":"unicartagena","page_name":"REVISTACIENCIASBIOMEDICAS","display_name":"REVISTA CIENCIAS BIOMEDICAS","profile_url":"https://unicartagena.academia.edu/REVISTACIENCIASBIOMEDICAS?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16498327/4499414/5210913/s65_revista.ciencias_biomedicas.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_51009555 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="51009555"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51009555, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_51009555", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_51009555 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51009555; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_51009555"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_51009555 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="51009555"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51009555; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51009555]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_51009555").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_51009555").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="51009555"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17960" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17960" type="text/json">{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="270699" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicina_Interna">Medicina Interna</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="270699" type="text/json">{"id":270699,"name":"Medicina Interna","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicina_Interna?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="600942" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tetanus">Tetanus</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="600942" type="text/json">{"id":600942,"name":"Tetanus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tetanus?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="797707" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectologia">Infectologia</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="797707" type="text/json">{"id":797707,"name":"Infectologia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectologia?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=51009555]'), work: {"id":51009555,"title":"Tétanos generalizado: revisión a propósito de un caso","created_at":"2021-08-25T15:06:15.445-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/51009555/T%C3%A9tanos_generalizado_revisi%C3%B3n_a_prop%C3%B3sito_de_un_caso?f_ri=17960","dom_id":"work_51009555","summary":"Introduction: tetanus is a disease caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. It is characterized clinically by generalized stiffness and muscle spasms capable of causing respiratory arrest and death. The high-risk population includes older adults, diabetics, injection drug users, and the unvaccinated. The diagnosis of tetanus is increasingly rare, with the implementation of compulsory vaccination programs it has been possible to reduce the incidence of this disease worldwide; however, it continues to have significant morbidity and mortality.\nObjective: to describe the case of a male patient with generalized tetanus in order to reinforce the relevance of vaccination, prophylaxis, early diagnosis and timely treatment.\nClinic case: 18-year-old male patient admitted to the emergency department of a primary care center 10 days after wounding his lower right limb, which progressed to fever, trismus, hypertonia and generalized muscle contractions. His immunization schedule was unknown and he lacked tetanus prophylaxis; Therefore, based on the history and the clinical picture, a diagnosis of accidental generalized tetanus was made, treatment was instituted, and the patient was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. The neurological manifestations were graves; however, he progressed satisfactorily until complete resolution of the condition and was subsequently discharged.\nConclusions: despite the fact that tetanus is a pathology that doctors do not usually see in their clinical practice, it is a serious infection that still represents an important diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The disease can be completely prevented by vaccination and proper wound care.\n\nRESUMEN\nIntroducción: el tétanos es una enfermedad causada por una toxina producida por la bacteria Clostridium tetani. Se caracteriza clínicamente por rigidez generalizada y espasmos musculares capaces de causar paro respiratorio y muerte. La población de alto riesgo incluye a los adultos mayores, los diabéticos, los usuarios de drogas inyectables y las personas no vacunadas. El diagnóstico de tétanos es cada vez más raro, con la implementación de programas de vacunación obligatoria se ha logrado disminuir la incidencia de esta enfermedad a nivel mundial; no obstante, sigue teniendo una morbimortalidad significativa.\nObjetivo: describir el caso de un paciente masculino con tétanos generalizado con el fin de reforzar la relevancia de la vacunación, profilaxis, su diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento oportuno.\nCaso clínico: paciente masculino de 18 años de edad que ingresa al servicio de urgencias remitido centro de atención primaria 10 días después de hacerse herida en miembro inferior derecho, que evolucionó hasta presentar fiebre, trismo, hipertonía y contracciones musculares generalizadas. Su esquema de inmunizaciones era desconocido y carecía de profilaxis antitetánica; por lo tanto, con base a los antecedentes y el cuadro clínico se hizo diagnóstico de tétanos generalizado accidental, se instauró tratamiento y se trasladó a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Las manifestaciones neurológicas fueron graves; sin embargo, evolucionó satisfactoriamente hasta la resolución completa del cuadro y fue dado de alta posteriormente.\nConclusión: a pesar de que el tétanos es una patología que los médicos no ven usualmente en su práctica clínica, es una infección grave que todavía representa un importante desafío diagnóstico y terapéutico. La enfermedad se puede prevenir completamente mediante la vacunación y el cuidado adecuado de las heridas.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68881613,"asset_id":51009555,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16498327,"first_name":"REVISTA","last_name":"CIENCIAS BIOMEDICAS","domain_name":"unicartagena","page_name":"REVISTACIENCIASBIOMEDICAS","display_name":"REVISTA CIENCIAS BIOMEDICAS","profile_url":"https://unicartagena.academia.edu/REVISTACIENCIASBIOMEDICAS?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16498327/4499414/5210913/s65_revista.ciencias_biomedicas.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":270699,"name":"Medicina Interna","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicina_Interna?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":600942,"name":"Tetanus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tetanus?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":797707,"name":"Infectologia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectologia?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39154823" data-work_id="39154823" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39154823/Histopathological_Characteristics_of_Atrophic_Gastritis_in_Adult_Population">Histopathological Characteristics of Atrophic Gastritis in Adult Population</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Introduction: Chronic gastritis is inflammation of the gastric mucosa. It can be non-atrophic and atrophic. Atrophy is defined as the loss of appropriate glands. It is frequently located in antral mucosa as consequence of Helicobacter... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39154823" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Introduction: Chronic gastritis is inflammation of the gastric mucosa. It can be non-atrophic and atrophic. Atrophy is defined as the loss of appropriate glands. It is frequently located in antral mucosa as consequence of Helicobacter pylori infection and it is associated with intestinal gastric cancer. Goal: Describe histopathological and demographic characteristics of atrophic gastritis. Matherial and methods: We assessed the pathological reports of 100 patients with atrophic gastritis whose characteristics were evaluated by using a semiquantitative scale of Sidney system of classification of gastritis. To assess the significance between the incidence of various parametres we used χ 2 test. Results: We found that the difference in frequency of atrophic gastritis between men and women was not statistically significant. The difference in distribution is statistically significant in favor of the antrum. Among patients who have atrophy with Helicobacter pylori infection and intestinal metaplasia and those who do not have metaplasia, it was found that the difference is highly statistically significant. Conclusion: The most frequent localisation of atrophic gastritis is antral mucosa. There is no difference between men and women in frequency of atrophic gastritis, while the aging is related with more often occurrence of atrophic gastritis.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39154823" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f898c8231e61c7415d3055c9c514e398" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59278929,"asset_id":39154823,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59278929/download_file?st=MTczMjcxNDM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="98687725" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JournalofPharmacyandPharmacology">Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="98687725" type="text/json">{"id":98687725,"first_name":"Journal of","last_name":"Pharmacy and Pharmacology","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JournalofPharmacyandPharmacology","display_name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JournalofPharmacyandPharmacology?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/98687725/21516056/40080087/s65_journal_of.pharmacy_and_pharmacology.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39154823 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39154823"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39154823, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39154823", }); 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It can be non-atrophic and atrophic. Atrophy is defined as the loss of appropriate glands. It is frequently located in antral mucosa as consequence of Helicobacter pylori infection and it is associated with intestinal gastric cancer. Goal: Describe histopathological and demographic characteristics of atrophic gastritis. Matherial and methods: We assessed the pathological reports of 100 patients with atrophic gastritis whose characteristics were evaluated by using a semiquantitative scale of Sidney system of classification of gastritis. To assess the significance between the incidence of various parametres we used χ 2 test. Results: We found that the difference in frequency of atrophic gastritis between men and women was not statistically significant. The difference in distribution is statistically significant in favor of the antrum. Among patients who have atrophy with Helicobacter pylori infection and intestinal metaplasia and those who do not have metaplasia, it was found that the difference is highly statistically significant. Conclusion: The most frequent localisation of atrophic gastritis is antral mucosa. There is no difference between men and women in frequency of atrophic gastritis, while the aging is related with more often occurrence of atrophic gastritis.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59278929,"asset_id":39154823,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":98687725,"first_name":"Journal of","last_name":"Pharmacy and Pharmacology","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JournalofPharmacyandPharmacology","display_name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JournalofPharmacyandPharmacology?f_ri=17960","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/98687725/21516056/40080087/s65_journal_of.pharmacy_and_pharmacology.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":165,"name":"Pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pathology?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false},{"id":17960,"name":"Infectious Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infectious_Diseases?f_ri=17960","nofollow":false}]}, }) } 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