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angustifoliusL.)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29112726" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3caa6f985f24537e818d1480259c17c4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49560826,"asset_id":29112726,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/58330648/Purification_and_characterization_of_the_MspI_DNA_methyltransferase_cloned_and_overexpressed_in_E_coli">Purification and characterization of the MspI DNA methyltransferase cloned and overexpressed in E. coli</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The MspI restriction-modification system, which recognizes the sequence 5&#39;-CCGG-3&#39;, has been previously cloned and sequenced (1). We subcloned the methyltransferase gene (M.MspI) downstream of the ptac promoter in the multicopy... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_58330648" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The MspI restriction-modification system, which recognizes the sequence 5&#39;-CCGG-3&#39;, has been previously cloned and sequenced (1). We subcloned the methyltransferase gene (M.MspI) downstream of the ptac promoter in the multicopy vector pUC119 and overexpressed it in E. coli. Upon induction with IPTG, M.MspI constitutes more than 10% of cellular protein. A scheme has been devised to purify large amounts of biologically active M.MspI to apparent homogeneity from these overexpressing E. coli cells. Approximately 0.8 mg of pure M.MspI per gram of cells (wet weight) can be obtained. The apparent molecular weight of M.MspI is 49 kD, by SDS gel electrophoresis and 48-54 kD by gel filtration. At low concentrations (less than 0.4 mg/ml), the methyltransferase is a monomer in solution but at higher concentrations (greater than 3.0 mg/ml) it exists predominantly as a dimer. Polyclonal antibodies raised against M.MspI cross-react with the DNA-methyltransferases of several other restricti...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/58330648" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="24f9c4fa9afcce7c8dd446da30aab4af" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":72795410,"asset_id":58330648,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72795410/download_file?st=MTczMjY5NDg3Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2565408" href="https://nsit.academia.edu/AshokDubey">Ashok Dubey</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2565408" type="text/json">{"id":2565408,"first_name":"Ashok","last_name":"Dubey","domain_name":"nsit","page_name":"AshokDubey","display_name":"Ashok Dubey","profile_url":"https://nsit.academia.edu/AshokDubey?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_58330648 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="58330648"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 58330648, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_58330648", }); 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We subcloned the methyltransferase gene (M.MspI) downstream of the ptac promoter in the multicopy vector pUC119 and overexpressed it in E. coli. Upon induction with IPTG, M.MspI constitutes more than 10% of cellular protein. A scheme has been devised to purify large amounts of biologically active M.MspI to apparent homogeneity from these overexpressing E. coli cells. Approximately 0.8 mg of pure M.MspI per gram of cells (wet weight) can be obtained. The apparent molecular weight of M.MspI is 49 kD, by SDS gel electrophoresis and 48-54 kD by gel filtration. At low concentrations (less than 0.4 mg/ml), the methyltransferase is a monomer in solution but at higher concentrations (greater than 3.0 mg/ml) it exists predominantly as a dimer. Polyclonal antibodies raised against M.MspI cross-react with the DNA-methyltransferases of several other restricti...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":72795410,"asset_id":58330648,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2565408,"first_name":"Ashok","last_name":"Dubey","domain_name":"nsit","page_name":"AshokDubey","display_name":"Ashok Dubey","profile_url":"https://nsit.academia.edu/AshokDubey?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":37834,"name":"Western blotting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_blotting?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":83128,"name":"Escherichia 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href="https://www.academia.edu/19833580/Purification_and_Characterization_of_Transcription_Factor_IIIA_from_Higher_Plants">Purification and Characterization of Transcription Factor IIIA from Higher Plants</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19833580" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="00faebe0aea136fd264ec051223bfea1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41212522,"asset_id":19833580,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button 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Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="58054" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences">Environmental Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="58054" type="text/json">{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="151091" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitrogen">Nitrogen</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="151091" type="text/json">{"id":151091,"name":"Nitrogen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitrogen?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173028" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_organic_matter">Soil organic matter</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="173028" type="text/json">{"id":173028,"name":"Soil organic matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_organic_matter?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=19517322]'), work: {"id":19517322,"title":"Modelling of microbial carbon and nitrogen turnover in soil with special emphasis on N-trace gases emission","created_at":"2015-12-06T03:08:27.154-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/19517322/Modelling_of_microbial_carbon_and_nitrogen_turnover_in_soil_with_special_emphasis_on_N_trace_gases_emission?f_ri=47884","dom_id":"work_19517322","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40665778,"asset_id":19517322,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39804103,"first_name":"Rüdiger","last_name":"Grote","domain_name":"kit","page_name":"RüdigerGrote","display_name":"Rüdiger Grote","profile_url":"https://kit.academia.edu/R%C3%BCdigerGrote?f_ri=47884","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39804103/10939827/12208818/s65_r_diger.grote.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":151091,"name":"Nitrogen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitrogen?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":173028,"name":"Soil organic matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_organic_matter?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":251645,"name":"Microbial Biomass","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbial_Biomass?f_ri=47884"},{"id":278441,"name":"Soil Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Temperature?f_ri=47884"},{"id":354794,"name":"Greenhouse gases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greenhouse_gases?f_ri=47884"},{"id":533275,"name":"Microbial Activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbial_Activity?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1119718,"name":"Initial Condition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Initial_Condition?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1222742,"name":"Soil Profile","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Profile?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1222799,"name":"Soil Water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Water?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1359503,"name":"CO 2 Emission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CO_2_Emission?f_ri=47884"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_58997352" data-work_id="58997352" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/58997352/Tree_girdling_provides_insight_on_the_role_of_labile_carbon_in_nitrogen_partitioning_between_soil_microorganisms_and_adult_European_beech">Tree girdling provides insight on the role of labile carbon in nitrogen partitioning between soil microorganisms and adult European beech</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/58997352" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7734f7e6444125b1bc972fc6ccf3f634" rel="nofollow" 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window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_58997352"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_58997352 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="58997352"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 58997352; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=58997352]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_58997352").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { 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Cycle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Cycle?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16475" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Competition">Competition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16475" type="text/json">{"id":16475,"name":"Competition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Competition?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=58997352]'), work: {"id":58997352,"title":"Tree girdling provides insight on the role of labile carbon in nitrogen partitioning between soil microorganisms and adult European beech","created_at":"2021-10-19T03:36:39.645-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/58997352/Tree_girdling_provides_insight_on_the_role_of_labile_carbon_in_nitrogen_partitioning_between_soil_microorganisms_and_adult_European_beech?f_ri=47884","dom_id":"work_58997352","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73138387,"asset_id":58997352,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":67666318,"first_name":"Jutta","last_name":"Holst","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JuttaHolst","display_name":"Jutta Holst","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JuttaHolst?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5303,"name":"Carbon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":14719,"name":"Carbon Cycle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Cycle?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":16475,"name":"Competition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Competition?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=47884"},{"id":112950,"name":"Denitrification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Denitrification?f_ri=47884"},{"id":117033,"name":"Forests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forests?f_ri=47884"},{"id":251645,"name":"Microbial Biomass","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbial_Biomass?f_ri=47884"},{"id":264953,"name":"Microorganism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microorganism?f_ri=47884"},{"id":277231,"name":"Mineralization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mineralization?f_ri=47884"},{"id":287180,"name":"Competitive balance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Competitive_balance?f_ri=47884"},{"id":486635,"name":"Dissolved Organic Carbon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dissolved_Organic_Carbon?f_ri=47884"},{"id":519926,"name":"Functional Group","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functional_Group?f_ri=47884"},{"id":576523,"name":"Beech Forest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beech_Forest?f_ri=47884"},{"id":585573,"name":"Amino Acid Profile","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amino_Acid_Profile?f_ri=47884"},{"id":591818,"name":"Early Terrestrial Ecosystems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Terrestrial_Ecosystems?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1033060,"name":"Microbial Community Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbial_Community_Structure?f_ri=47884"},{"id":2270322,"name":"Girdling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Girdling?f_ri=47884"},{"id":2722028,"name":"metabolite profiling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/metabolite_profiling?f_ri=47884"},{"id":3130520,"name":"European beech","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_beech?f_ri=47884"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_58007549" data-work_id="58007549" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/58007549/Australian_spiny_mountain_crayfish_and_their_temnocephalan_ectosymbionts_an_ancient_association_on_the_edge_of_coextinction">Australian spiny mountain crayfish and their temnocephalan ectosymbionts: an ancient association on the edge of coextinction?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Australian spiny mountain crayfish (Euastacus, Parastacidae) and their ecotosymbiotic temnocephalan flatworms (Temnocephalida, Platyhelminthes) may have co-occurred and interacted through deep time, during a period of major environmental... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_58007549" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Australian spiny mountain crayfish (Euastacus, Parastacidae) and their ecotosymbiotic temnocephalan flatworms (Temnocephalida, Platyhelminthes) may have co-occurred and interacted through deep time, during a period of major environmental change. Therefore, reconstructing the history of their association is of evolutionary, ecological, and conservation significance. Here, time-calibrated Bayesian phylogenies of Euastacus species and their temnocephalans (Temnohaswellia and Temnosewellia) indicate near-synchronous diversifications from the Cretaceous. Statistically significant cophylogeny correlations between associated clades suggest linked evolutionary histories. However, there is a stronger signal of codivergence and greater host specificity in Temnosewellia, which co-occurs with Euastacus across its range. Phylogeography and analyses of evolutionary distinctiveness (ED) suggest that regional differences in the impact of climate warming and drying had major effects both on crayfish...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/58007549" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="241f168f7f00da859d9e797b91e8fb50" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":72631713,"asset_id":58007549,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72631713/download_file?st=MTczMjY5NDg3Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="81741437" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LesterCannon">Lester Cannon</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="81741437" type="text/json">{"id":81741437,"first_name":"Lester","last_name":"Cannon","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LesterCannon","display_name":"Lester Cannon","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LesterCannon?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_58007549 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="58007549"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 58007549, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_58007549", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=58007549]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_58007549").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_58007549").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="58007549"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2467" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation_Biology">Conservation Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2467" type="text/json">{"id":2467,"name":"Conservation Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation_Biology?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4206" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogeography">Phylogeography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4206" type="text/json">{"id":4206,"name":"Phylogeography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogeography?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4207" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogenetics">Phylogenetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4207" type="text/json">{"id":4207,"name":"Phylogenetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogenetics?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6697" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australia">Australia</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6697" type="text/json">{"id":6697,"name":"Australia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australia?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=58007549]'), work: {"id":58007549,"title":"Australian spiny mountain crayfish and their temnocephalan ectosymbionts: an ancient association on the edge of coextinction?","created_at":"2021-10-14T23:38:51.450-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/58007549/Australian_spiny_mountain_crayfish_and_their_temnocephalan_ectosymbionts_an_ancient_association_on_the_edge_of_coextinction?f_ri=47884","dom_id":"work_58007549","summary":"Australian spiny mountain crayfish (Euastacus, Parastacidae) and their ecotosymbiotic temnocephalan flatworms (Temnocephalida, Platyhelminthes) may have co-occurred and interacted through deep time, during a period of major environmental change. Therefore, reconstructing the history of their association is of evolutionary, ecological, and conservation significance. Here, time-calibrated Bayesian phylogenies of Euastacus species and their temnocephalans (Temnohaswellia and Temnosewellia) indicate near-synchronous diversifications from the Cretaceous. Statistically significant cophylogeny correlations between associated clades suggest linked evolutionary histories. However, there is a stronger signal of codivergence and greater host specificity in Temnosewellia, which co-occurs with Euastacus across its range. Phylogeography and analyses of evolutionary distinctiveness (ED) suggest that regional differences in the impact of climate warming and drying had major effects both on crayfish...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":72631713,"asset_id":58007549,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":81741437,"first_name":"Lester","last_name":"Cannon","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LesterCannon","display_name":"Lester Cannon","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LesterCannon?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2467,"name":"Conservation Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation_Biology?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":4206,"name":"Phylogeography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogeography?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":4207,"name":"Phylogenetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogenetics?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":6697,"name":"Australia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australia?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":11850,"name":"Crayfish Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crayfish_Ecology?f_ri=47884"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884"},{"id":48057,"name":"DNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA?f_ri=47884"},{"id":54433,"name":"Phylogeny","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogeny?f_ri=47884"},{"id":191815,"name":"Biological evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_evolution?f_ri=47884"},{"id":610489,"name":"Temnocephala","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temnocephala?f_ri=47884"},{"id":611756,"name":"Turbellaria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turbellaria?f_ri=47884"},{"id":880279,"name":"Bayes Theorem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bayes_Theorem-1?f_ri=47884"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=47884"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32482804" data-work_id="32482804" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32482804/Crystal_structure_of_human_XLF_A_twist_in_nonhomologous_DNA_end_joining">Crystal structure of human XLF: A twist in nonhomologous DNA end-joining</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32482804" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="58ec75868dda94f0ccb467661a9df327" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52669960,"asset_id":32482804,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm 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Junop","profile_url":"https://uwontario.academia.edu/MurrayJunop?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32482804 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32482804"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32482804, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32482804", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_32482804 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32482804; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_32482804"); 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_repair">DNA repair</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23067" type="text/json">{"id":23067,"name":"DNA repair","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_repair?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32482804]'), work: {"id":32482804,"title":"Crystal structure of human XLF: A twist in nonhomologous DNA end-joining","created_at":"2017-04-18T09:43:25.280-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32482804/Crystal_structure_of_human_XLF_A_twist_in_nonhomologous_DNA_end_joining?f_ri=47884","dom_id":"work_32482804","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52669960,"asset_id":32482804,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34713386,"first_name":"Murray","last_name":"Junop","domain_name":"uwontario","page_name":"MurrayJunop","display_name":"Murray Junop","profile_url":"https://uwontario.academia.edu/MurrayJunop?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":12597,"name":"Crystallization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystallization?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":23066,"name":"DNA damage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_damage?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":23067,"name":"DNA repair","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_repair?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":48057,"name":"DNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA?f_ri=47884"},{"id":50630,"name":"Crystal structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystal_structure?f_ri=47884"},{"id":74780,"name":"Mutation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutation?f_ri=47884"},{"id":193464,"name":"Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sodium_Dodecyl_Sulfate-Polyacrylamide_Gel_Electrophoresis?f_ri=47884"},{"id":205560,"name":"Molecular Cell Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Cell_Biology?f_ri=47884"},{"id":809881,"name":"Amino Acid Sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amino_Acid_Sequence?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1010725,"name":"Protein Binding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Binding?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1186610,"name":"DNA binding proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_binding_proteins?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1809037,"name":"Dimerization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dimerization?f_ri=47884"},{"id":2452782,"name":"DNA double strand breaks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_double_strand_breaks?f_ri=47884"},{"id":2467566,"name":"Molecular Sequence Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Sequence_Data?f_ri=47884"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15432569 coauthored" data-work_id="15432569" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15432569/New_understanding_of_the_molecular_mechanism_of_receptor_mediated_genomic_actions_of_the_vitamin_D_hormone">New understanding of the molecular mechanism of receptor-mediated genomic actions of the vitamin D hormone</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15432569" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5618efdf67f3b4a4bb3a76d575ddea66" rel="nofollow" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transcription_Factors">Transcription Factors</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23323" type="text/json">{"id":23323,"name":"Transcription Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transcription_Factors?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27784" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression">Gene expression</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="27784" type="text/json">{"id":27784,"name":"Gene expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15432569]'), work: {"id":15432569,"title":"New understanding of the molecular mechanism of receptor-mediated genomic actions of the vitamin D 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11-dehydrothromboxane B2 in the cynomolgus monkey</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47501020" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="13e5081bff74493c09b428e692442fc1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66561517,"asset_id":47501020,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64461" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prodrugs">Prodrugs</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="64461" type="text/json">{"id":64461,"name":"Prodrugs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prodrugs?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=59065618]'), work: {"id":59065618,"title":"Prodrugs: design and clinical 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Immunoglobulin G Production by HBcAg-Specific CD4+ Th1-Type T-Cell Clones in a hu-PBL-NOD/SCID Mouse Model</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24101187" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="97370f5351ac27f51f0a4906c3a3c2b6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44465449,"asset_id":24101187,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67560764/Reconceiving_autoimmunity_An_overview">Reconceiving autoimmunity: An overview</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Three interconnected positions are advocated: (1) although serving as a useful model, the immune self does not exist as such; (2) instead of a self/nonself demarcation, the immune system &#39;sees&#39; itself, i.e., it does not ignore the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_67560764" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Three interconnected positions are advocated: (1) although serving as a useful model, the immune self does not exist as such; (2) instead of a self/nonself demarcation, the immune system &#39;sees&#39; itself, i.e., it does not ignore the &#39;self&#39; or attack the &#39;other;&#39; but exhibits a spectrum of responses, which when viewed from outside the system appear as discrimination of &#39;self&#39; and &#39;nonself&#39; based on certain criteria of reactivity. When immune reactions are conceived in terms of normal physiology and open exchange with the environment, where borders dividing host and foreign are elusive and changing, host defense is only part of the immune system&#39;s functions, which actually comprise two basic tasks: protection, i.e., to preserve host integrity, and maintenance of organismic identity. And thus (3) if the spectrum of immunity is enlarged, differentiating low reactive &#39;autoimmune&#39; reactions from activated immune responses against the &#39;...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/67560764" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fc785a97d3f00a99022b831c3ea19422" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":78331518,"asset_id":67560764,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78331518/download_file?st=MTczMjY5NDg3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8781609" href="https://bu.academia.edu/AlfredTauber">Alfred Tauber</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8781609" type="text/json">{"id":8781609,"first_name":"Alfred","last_name":"Tauber","domain_name":"bu","page_name":"AlfredTauber","display_name":"Alfred Tauber","profile_url":"https://bu.academia.edu/AlfredTauber?f_ri=47884","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8781609/3222050/3791806/s65_alfred.tauber.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_67560764 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="67560764"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67560764, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_67560764", }); 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u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4559" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproduction">Reproduction</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4559" type="text/json">{"id":4559,"name":"Reproduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproduction?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19295" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cryopreservation">Cryopreservation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19295" type="text/json">{"id":19295,"name":"Cryopreservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cryopreservation?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23979" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endangered_Species">Endangered Species</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23979" type="text/json">{"id":23979,"name":"Endangered Species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endangered_Species?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43820" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theriogenology">Theriogenology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="43820" type="text/json">{"id":43820,"name":"Theriogenology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theriogenology?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=21350563]'), work: {"id":21350563,"title":"Split-sample comparison of directional and liquid nitrogen vapour freezing method on post-thaw semen quality in white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum simum and Ceratotherium simum cottoni)","created_at":"2016-01-31T18:54:18.756-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/21350563/Split_sample_comparison_of_directional_and_liquid_nitrogen_vapour_freezing_method_on_post_thaw_semen_quality_in_white_rhinoceroses_Ceratotherium_simum_simum_and_Ceratotherium_simum_cottoni_?f_ri=47884","dom_id":"work_21350563","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41828431,"asset_id":21350563,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42440253,"first_name":"Catherine","last_name":"Reid","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CatherineReid2","display_name":"Catherine Reid","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CatherineReid2?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":42515286,"first_name":"Frank","last_name":"Goeritz","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FrankGoeritz","display_name":"Frank Goeritz","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FrankGoeritz?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4559,"name":"Reproduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproduction?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":19295,"name":"Cryopreservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cryopreservation?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":23979,"name":"Endangered Species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endangered_Species?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":43820,"name":"Theriogenology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theriogenology?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological 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Quality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semen_Quality?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1223743,"name":"Sperm Quality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sperm_Quality?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1242344,"name":"Plasma Membrane","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plasma_Membrane?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1759332,"name":"Sexual reproduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sexual_reproduction?f_ri=47884"},{"id":2295414,"name":"Thermal Gradient","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Gradient?f_ri=47884"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_16626614" data-work_id="16626614" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16626614/Safety_reactogenicity_and_immunogenicity_of_a_combined_hexavalent_tetanus_diphtheria_acellular_pertussis_hepatitis_B_inactivated_poliovirus_vaccine_and_Haemophilus_influenzae_type_b_conjugate_vaccine_for_primary_immunization_of_infants">Safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of a combined hexavalent tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis, hepatitis B, inactivated poliovirus vaccine and Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine, for primary immunization of infants</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of GSK Biologicals&amp;#39; hexavalent DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib vaccine (Infanrix)hexa) was assessed when used for primary vaccination at 3, 4 and 5 months of age (N = 2163), compared to the separate... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_16626614" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of GSK Biologicals&amp;#39; hexavalent DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib vaccine (Infanrix)hexa) was assessed when used for primary vaccination at 3, 4 and 5 months of age (N = 2163), compared to the separate administration of DTPa-IPV/Hib and HBV vaccines (N = 720). A similar safety and reactogenicity profile was demonstrated for both vaccine regimens, as well as a good immune response for all antigen components. By offering protection against six diseases in a series of single injections, the hexavalent DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib vaccine was shown to be a safe, well tolerated and immunogenic alternative to primary immunization with licensed separately administered vaccines.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/16626614" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f9b5b59be874d62a09d3642d7c5f8808" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42424809,"asset_id":16626614,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42424809/download_file?st=MTczMjY5NDg3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35974695" href="https://unibas.academia.edu/UlrichHeininger">Ulrich Heininger</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35974695" type="text/json">{"id":35974695,"first_name":"Ulrich","last_name":"Heininger","domain_name":"unibas","page_name":"UlrichHeininger","display_name":"Ulrich Heininger","profile_url":"https://unibas.academia.edu/UlrichHeininger?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_16626614 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="16626614"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 16626614, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_16626614", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_16626614 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 16626614; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_16626614"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_16626614 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="16626614"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 16626614; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=16626614]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_16626614").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_16626614").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="16626614"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2702" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immune_response">Immune response</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2702" type="text/json">{"id":2702,"name":"Immune response","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immune_response?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="63331" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hepatitis_B">Hepatitis B</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="63331" type="text/json">{"id":63331,"name":"Hepatitis B","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hepatitis_B?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134346" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infant">Infant</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="134346" type="text/json">{"id":134346,"name":"Infant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infant?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=16626614]'), work: {"id":16626614,"title":"Safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of a combined hexavalent tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis, hepatitis B, inactivated poliovirus vaccine and Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine, for primary immunization of infants","created_at":"2015-10-10T08:00:17.449-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/16626614/Safety_reactogenicity_and_immunogenicity_of_a_combined_hexavalent_tetanus_diphtheria_acellular_pertussis_hepatitis_B_inactivated_poliovirus_vaccine_and_Haemophilus_influenzae_type_b_conjugate_vaccine_for_primary_immunization_of_infants?f_ri=47884","dom_id":"work_16626614","summary":"Safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of GSK Biologicals\u0026amp;#39; hexavalent DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib vaccine (Infanrix)hexa) was assessed when used for primary vaccination at 3, 4 and 5 months of age (N = 2163), compared to the separate administration of DTPa-IPV/Hib and HBV vaccines (N = 720). A similar safety and reactogenicity profile was demonstrated for both vaccine regimens, as well as a good immune response for all antigen components. By offering protection against six diseases in a series of single injections, the hexavalent DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib vaccine was shown to be a safe, well tolerated and immunogenic alternative to primary immunization with licensed separately administered vaccines.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42424809,"asset_id":16626614,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35974695,"first_name":"Ulrich","last_name":"Heininger","domain_name":"unibas","page_name":"UlrichHeininger","display_name":"Ulrich Heininger","profile_url":"https://unibas.academia.edu/UlrichHeininger?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2702,"name":"Immune response","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immune_response?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":63331,"name":"Hepatitis B","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hepatitis_B?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":134346,"name":"Infant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infant?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":150847,"name":"Vaccine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaccine?f_ri=47884"},{"id":179934,"name":"Vaccination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaccination?f_ri=47884"},{"id":243003,"name":"Poliomyelitis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poliomyelitis?f_ri=47884"},{"id":553115,"name":"Pertussis Vaccine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pertussis_Vaccine?f_ri=47884"},{"id":600942,"name":"Tetanus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tetanus?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1250233,"name":"Tetanus Toxoid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tetanus_Toxoid?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1490453,"name":"Whooping Cough","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Whooping_Cough?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1529194,"name":"Hepatitis B Vaccines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hepatitis_B_Vaccines?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1533489,"name":"Haemophilus Infections Market","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Haemophilus_Infections_Market?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1817270,"name":"Diphtheria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diphtheria?f_ri=47884"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6177129" data-work_id="6177129" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6177129/Effects_of_microwaves_900_MHz_on_the_cochlear_receptor_exposure_systems_and_preliminary_results">Effects of microwaves (900 MHz) on the cochlear receptor: exposure systems and preliminary results</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The purpose of this paper is to present the experimental device and the work in progress performed in search for objective organic correlation of damage to hearing, examining possible acoustic otofunctional effects on the cochlear... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6177129" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The purpose of this paper is to present the experimental device and the work in progress performed in search for objective organic correlation of damage to hearing, examining possible acoustic otofunctional effects on the cochlear epithelium of the rat due to exposure to microwaves (900 MHz). Two experiments using male Sprague-Dawley rats were carried out with a far-field exposure in a cubic chamber. No statistically significant evidence was obtained at both specific absorption rate (SAR) values. The exposure system and the diagnostic apparatus are extremely useful to investigate a potential effect on the auditory system: however, with the parameters applied in these experiments, no evidence was observed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6177129" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cd8be76664c678ca61efa40432ff4697" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48982557,"asset_id":6177129,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48982557/download_file?st=MTczMjY5NDg3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9413374" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MartaCristal">Marta Cristal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9413374" type="text/json">{"id":9413374,"first_name":"Marta","last_name":"Cristal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MartaCristal","display_name":"Marta Cristal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MartaCristal?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6177129 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6177129"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6177129, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6177129", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6177129]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6177129").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6177129").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6177129"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1328" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation">Radiation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1328" type="text/json">{"id":1328,"name":"Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="125564" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Significance">Statistical Significance</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="125564" type="text/json">{"id":125564,"name":"Statistical Significance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Significance?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128014" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Work_in_Progress">Work in Progress</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="128014" type="text/json">{"id":128014,"name":"Work in Progress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Work_in_Progress?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6177129]'), work: {"id":6177129,"title":"Effects of microwaves (900 MHz) on the cochlear receptor: exposure systems and preliminary results","created_at":"2014-02-23T02:10:59.675-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6177129/Effects_of_microwaves_900_MHz_on_the_cochlear_receptor_exposure_systems_and_preliminary_results?f_ri=47884","dom_id":"work_6177129","summary":"The purpose of this paper is to present the experimental device and the work in progress performed in search for objective organic correlation of damage to hearing, examining possible acoustic otofunctional effects on the cochlear epithelium of the rat due to exposure to microwaves (900 MHz). Two experiments using male Sprague-Dawley rats were carried out with a far-field exposure in a cubic chamber. No statistically significant evidence was obtained at both specific absorption rate (SAR) values. The exposure system and the diagnostic apparatus are extremely useful to investigate a potential effect on the auditory system: however, with the parameters applied in these experiments, no evidence was observed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48982557,"asset_id":6177129,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9413374,"first_name":"Marta","last_name":"Cristal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MartaCristal","display_name":"Marta Cristal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MartaCristal?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1328,"name":"Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":125564,"name":"Statistical Significance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Significance?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":128014,"name":"Work in Progress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Work_in_Progress?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":135029,"name":"Auditory System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Auditory_System?f_ri=47884"},{"id":375054,"name":"Rats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rats?f_ri=47884"},{"id":413195,"name":"Time Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Factors?f_ri=47884"},{"id":439473,"name":"Microwaves","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microwaves?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1696287,"name":"Specific absorption rate (SAR)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Specific_absorption_rate_SAR_?f_ri=47884"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32714400" data-work_id="32714400" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32714400/Protection_against_Radiation_Induced_Bone_Marrow_and_Intestinal_Injuries_by_Cordyceps_sinensis_a_Chinese_Herbal_Medicine">Protection against Radiation-Induced Bone Marrow and Intestinal Injuries by Cordyceps sinensis, a Chinese Herbal Medicine</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32714400" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5ecb1acf02d38a29e9d3bc2cac4342f1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52875679,"asset_id":32714400,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52875679/download_file?st=MTczMjY5NDg3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="63635855" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChiShiunChiang">Chi-Shiun Chiang</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="63635855" type="text/json">{"id":63635855,"first_name":"Chi-Shiun","last_name":"Chiang","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChiShiunChiang","display_name":"Chi-Shiun Chiang","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChiShiunChiang?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32714400 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32714400"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32714400, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32714400", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_32714400 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32714400; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_32714400"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_32714400 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="32714400"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32714400; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32714400]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32714400").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32714400").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32714400"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1328" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation">Radiation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1328" type="text/json">{"id":1328,"name":"Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10032" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection">Radiation Protection</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10032" type="text/json">{"id":10032,"name":"Radiation Protection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44022" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Free_Radical">Free Radical</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="44022" type="text/json">{"id":44022,"name":"Free Radical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Free_Radical?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32714400]'), work: {"id":32714400,"title":"Protection against Radiation-Induced Bone Marrow and Intestinal Injuries by Cordyceps sinensis, a Chinese Herbal Medicine","created_at":"2017-04-29T02:18:22.060-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32714400/Protection_against_Radiation_Induced_Bone_Marrow_and_Intestinal_Injuries_by_Cordyceps_sinensis_a_Chinese_Herbal_Medicine?f_ri=47884","dom_id":"work_32714400","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52875679,"asset_id":32714400,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":63635855,"first_name":"Chi-Shiun","last_name":"Chiang","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChiShiunChiang","display_name":"Chi-Shiun Chiang","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChiShiunChiang?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1328,"name":"Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":10032,"name":"Radiation Protection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":44022,"name":"Free Radical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Free_Radical?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=47884"},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=47884"},{"id":143586,"name":"Cordyceps","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cordyceps?f_ri=47884"},{"id":159239,"name":"Bone marrow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_marrow?f_ri=47884"},{"id":362583,"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chinese_Herbal_Medicine?f_ri=47884"},{"id":424295,"name":"Survival Rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survival_Rate?f_ri=47884"},{"id":469033,"name":"Radiation Injuries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Injuries?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1159983,"name":"Radiation Tolerance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Tolerance?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1281407,"name":"Whole Body","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Whole_Body?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1427023,"name":"Bone Marrow Failure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_Marrow_Failure?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1979328,"name":"Total body irradiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Total_body_irradiation?f_ri=47884"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_69687197" data-work_id="69687197" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69687197/Woody_biomass_as_a_potential_feedstock_for_fermentative_gaseous_biofuel_production">Woody biomass as a potential feedstock for fermentative gaseous biofuel production</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Biogas and biohydrogen are compatible gaseous biofuels that can be blended with natural gas for reticulated fuel supply to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Sustainably grown woody biomass is emerging as a potential feedstock in the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_69687197" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Biogas and biohydrogen are compatible gaseous biofuels that can be blended with natural gas for reticulated fuel supply to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Sustainably grown woody biomass is emerging as a potential feedstock in the production of biofuels. Woody biomass is widely available, uses non-arable land for plantation, does not require synthetic fertilisers to grow and acts as a carbon sink. The cellulose and hemicellulose fractions of wood are renewable sources of sugars that can be used for fermentative production of gaseous biofuels. However, widespread use of wood as a gaseous biofuel feedstock is constrained due to the recalcitrant nature of wood to enzymatic hydrolysis. Pretreatment makes cellulose and hemicellulose accessible to microbial enzymes to produce fermentable sugars. Here we review wood composition, its structure and different pretreatment techniques in the context of their effects on deconstruction of wood to improve hydrolysis and fermentative gaseous fuel ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/69687197" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4a4a90d9b84cc4e60ea01bcb2d81117e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":79686177,"asset_id":69687197,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79686177/download_file?st=MTczMjY5NDg3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="41820820" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AlankarVaidya">Alankar Vaidya</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="41820820" type="text/json">{"id":41820820,"first_name":"Alankar","last_name":"Vaidya","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AlankarVaidya","display_name":"Alankar Vaidya","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AlankarVaidya?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_69687197 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="69687197"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 69687197, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_69687197", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=69687197]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_69687197").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_69687197").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="69687197"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="923" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology">Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="923" type="text/json">{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=69687197]'), work: {"id":69687197,"title":"Woody biomass as a potential feedstock for fermentative gaseous biofuel production","created_at":"2022-01-27T14:36:24.545-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/69687197/Woody_biomass_as_a_potential_feedstock_for_fermentative_gaseous_biofuel_production?f_ri=47884","dom_id":"work_69687197","summary":"Biogas and biohydrogen are compatible gaseous biofuels that can be blended with natural gas for reticulated fuel supply to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Sustainably grown woody biomass is emerging as a potential feedstock in the production of biofuels. Woody biomass is widely available, uses non-arable land for plantation, does not require synthetic fertilisers to grow and acts as a carbon sink. The cellulose and hemicellulose fractions of wood are renewable sources of sugars that can be used for fermentative production of gaseous biofuels. However, widespread use of wood as a gaseous biofuel feedstock is constrained due to the recalcitrant nature of wood to enzymatic hydrolysis. Pretreatment makes cellulose and hemicellulose accessible to microbial enzymes to produce fermentable sugars. Here we review wood composition, its structure and different pretreatment techniques in the context of their effects on deconstruction of wood to improve hydrolysis and fermentative gaseous fuel ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79686177,"asset_id":69687197,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":41820820,"first_name":"Alankar","last_name":"Vaidya","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AlankarVaidya","display_name":"Alankar Vaidya","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AlankarVaidya?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}]}, }) } 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{"id":22785673,"title":"Herbicide-induced macrophyte-to-phytoplankton shifts in Japanese lagoons during the last 50 years: consequences for ecosystem services and fisheries","created_at":"2016-03-03T23:51:05.685-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/22785673/Herbicide_induced_macrophyte_to_phytoplankton_shifts_in_Japanese_lagoons_during_the_last_50_years_consequences_for_ecosystem_services_and_fisheries?f_ri=47884","dom_id":"work_22785673","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43340732,"asset_id":22785673,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33345445,"first_name":"Masumi","last_name":"Yamamuro","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MasumiYamamuro","display_name":"Masumi Yamamuro","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MasumiYamamuro?f_ri=47884","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33345445/20765261/20325419/s65_masumi.yamamuro.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":400,"name":"Earth 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with selenium does not modify biomarkers of cancer risk, oxidative stress, or immune function in healthy Australian males</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23886409" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="56a435f057cf2b3b5aa86c7691748d41" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44275640,"asset_id":23886409,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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function","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immune_function?f_ri=47884"},{"id":868560,"name":"Lymphocytes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lymphocytes?f_ri=47884"},{"id":991443,"name":"Triticum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Triticum?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1133132,"name":"Environmental","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1212936,"name":"Cancer Risk","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer_Risk?f_ri=47884"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20574489" data-work_id="20574489" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20574489/Intrapartum_Ultrasound_Assessment_of_Fetal_Spine_Position">Intrapartum Ultrasound 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type="text/json">{"id":14835,"name":"Altruism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Altruism?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19988" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Group_Processes">Group Processes</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19988" type="text/json">{"id":19988,"name":"Group Processes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Group_Processes?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26977" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_biology">Theoretical biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="26977" type="text/json">{"id":26977,"name":"Theoretical biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_biology?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7053973]'), work: {"id":7053973,"title":"Natural 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type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="66744" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomedical_Research">Biomedical Research</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="66744" type="text/json">{"id":66744,"name":"Biomedical Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomedical_Research?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18515040]'), work: 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class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29387500/Corallig%C3%A8ne_formations_in_the_eastern_Mediterranean_Sea_Morphology_distribution_mapping_and_relation_to_fisheries_in_the_southern_Aegean_Sea_Greece_based_on_high_resolution_acoustics">Coralligène formations in the eastern Mediterranean Sea: Morphology, distribution, mapping and relation to fisheries in the southern Aegean Sea (Greece) based on high-resolution acoustics</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29387500" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29387500]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_29387500").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_29387500").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="29387500"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10494" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mediterranean">Mediterranean</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10494" type="text/json">{"id":10494,"name":"Mediterranean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mediterranean?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10866" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology">Morphology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10866" type="text/json">{"id":10866,"name":"Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49644" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Habitat_Mapping">Habitat Mapping</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="49644" type="text/json">{"id":49644,"name":"Habitat Mapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Habitat_Mapping?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=29387500]'), work: {"id":29387500,"title":"Coralligène formations in the eastern Mediterranean Sea: Morphology, distribution, mapping and relation to fisheries in the southern Aegean Sea (Greece) based on high-resolution acoustics","created_at":"2016-10-24T02:49:40.051-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29387500/Corallig%C3%A8ne_formations_in_the_eastern_Mediterranean_Sea_Morphology_distribution_mapping_and_relation_to_fisheries_in_the_southern_Aegean_Sea_Greece_based_on_high_resolution_acoustics?f_ri=47884","dom_id":"work_29387500","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49829391,"asset_id":29387500,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":271922,"first_name":"Alexis","last_name":"Ramfos","domain_name":"upatras","page_name":"AlexisRamfos","display_name":"Alexis Ramfos","profile_url":"https://upatras.academia.edu/AlexisRamfos?f_ri=47884","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/271922/14626750/18220663/s65_alexis.ramfos.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10494,"name":"Mediterranean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mediterranean?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":10866,"name":"Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":49644,"name":"Habitat Mapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Habitat_Mapping?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":50243,"name":"Mediterranean Sea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mediterranean_Sea?f_ri=47884"},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=47884"},{"id":146482,"name":"Fishery Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fishery_Management?f_ri=47884"},{"id":309086,"name":"High Resolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Resolution?f_ri=47884"},{"id":341422,"name":"Distributed Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distributed_Development?f_ri=47884"},{"id":509556,"name":"Human Activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Activity?f_ri=47884"},{"id":549044,"name":"Eastern Mediterranean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eastern_Mediterranean?f_ri=47884"},{"id":552095,"name":"Coralline Algae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coralline_Algae?f_ri=47884"},{"id":724444,"name":"Internal Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internal_Structure?f_ri=47884"},{"id":822358,"name":"Ground Truth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ground_Truth?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1180667,"name":"Optimality Condition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimality_Condition?f_ri=47884"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18159969 coauthored" data-work_id="18159969" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18159969/Pathological_Conditions_of_the_Reproductive_Organs_of_Male_Stray_Dogs_in_the_Tropics_Prevalence_Risk_Factors_Morphological_Findings_and_Testosterone_Concentrations">Pathological Conditions of the Reproductive Organs of Male Stray Dogs in the Tropics: Prevalence, Risk Factors, Morphological Findings and Testosterone Concentrations</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for pathological conditions of the reproductive organs in stray dogs under tropical conditions. Three hundred and eighteen dogs were examined post-mortem in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18159969" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for pathological conditions of the reproductive organs in stray dogs under tropical conditions. Three hundred and eighteen dogs were examined post-mortem in the period from 1 July 2002 to 30 June 2003. Before killing, a blood sample (from the cephalic vein) for testosterone assay was taken. Pathological conditions of the reproductive organs were found in 135 of the dogs (42.5%) and in 175 of the testes (64.8%). The most frequent pathologies found were testicular degeneration, cryptorchidism, testicular hypoplasia and testicular tumours (in 15.1%, 6.6%, 6.6% and 5.4% of the dogs and 15.1, 4.6, 6.0 and 3.5 of the testes, respectively). Transmissible venereal tumour (TVT) was seen in 5.4% of the dogs. Testicular degeneration was more common in old dogs and underweight dogs (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Testicular tumours were 14.3 times more common in cryptorchid dogs. Age was another important factor for the development of testicular tumours (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Lower levels of testosterone concentration (p &amp;lt; 0.05) were observed in dogs with advanced testicular degeneration (0.7 +/- 0.8 nM), dogs with hypoplastic testicles (0.8 +/- 0.9 nM) and dogs with one degenerated and one retained testis or with bilateral cryptorchidism (1.2 +/- 0.9 nM) compared to dogs with one or two normal testes (7.0 +/- 5.5 nM). Testicular volume and weight were significantly lower in degenerated, hypoplastic and retained testes compared with the contralateral normal testis. Some spermatogenic activity was found in three of the retained testes, producing oligozoospermic smears with a high percentage of sperm abnormalities. No comparable epidemiological data about male pathological conditions of the reproductive organs in the dog is available. The prevalence found in this study, yet, appears high.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18159969" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="da4a7270d13d97c54f202f867a968c29" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42189009,"asset_id":18159969,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42189009/download_file?st=MTczMjY5NDg3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38126392" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AntonioOrtegapacheco">Antonio Ortega-pacheco</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38126392" type="text/json">{"id":38126392,"first_name":"Antonio","last_name":"Ortega-pacheco","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AntonioOrtegapacheco","display_name":"Antonio Ortega-pacheco","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AntonioOrtegapacheco?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-18159969">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-18159969"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/CatharinaForsberg">Catharina Linde Forsberg</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://diaarroba.academia.edu/MatildeJimenezcoello">Matilde Jimenez-coello</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-18159969'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-18159969').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_18159969 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18159969"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18159969; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18159969]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_18159969").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_18159969").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18159969"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4559" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproduction">Reproduction</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4559" type="text/json">{"id":4559,"name":"Reproduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproduction?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43881" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexico">Mexico</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="43881" type="text/json">{"id":43881,"name":"Mexico","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexico?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="52438" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dogs">Dogs</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="52438" type="text/json">{"id":52438,"name":"Dogs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dogs?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18159969]'), work: {"id":18159969,"title":"Pathological Conditions of the Reproductive Organs of Male Stray Dogs in the Tropics: Prevalence, Risk Factors, Morphological Findings and Testosterone Concentrations","created_at":"2015-11-11T09:59:40.298-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18159969/Pathological_Conditions_of_the_Reproductive_Organs_of_Male_Stray_Dogs_in_the_Tropics_Prevalence_Risk_Factors_Morphological_Findings_and_Testosterone_Concentrations?f_ri=47884","dom_id":"work_18159969","summary":"The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for pathological conditions of the reproductive organs in stray dogs under tropical conditions. Three hundred and eighteen dogs were examined post-mortem in the period from 1 July 2002 to 30 June 2003. Before killing, a blood sample (from the cephalic vein) for testosterone assay was taken. Pathological conditions of the reproductive organs were found in 135 of the dogs (42.5%) and in 175 of the testes (64.8%). The most frequent pathologies found were testicular degeneration, cryptorchidism, testicular hypoplasia and testicular tumours (in 15.1%, 6.6%, 6.6% and 5.4% of the dogs and 15.1, 4.6, 6.0 and 3.5 of the testes, respectively). Transmissible venereal tumour (TVT) was seen in 5.4% of the dogs. Testicular degeneration was more common in old dogs and underweight dogs (p \u0026amp;lt; 0.05). Testicular tumours were 14.3 times more common in cryptorchid dogs. Age was another important factor for the development of testicular tumours (p \u0026amp;lt; 0.05). Lower levels of testosterone concentration (p \u0026amp;lt; 0.05) were observed in dogs with advanced testicular degeneration (0.7 +/- 0.8 nM), dogs with hypoplastic testicles (0.8 +/- 0.9 nM) and dogs with one degenerated and one retained testis or with bilateral cryptorchidism (1.2 +/- 0.9 nM) compared to dogs with one or two normal testes (7.0 +/- 5.5 nM). Testicular volume and weight were significantly lower in degenerated, hypoplastic and retained testes compared with the contralateral normal testis. Some spermatogenic activity was found in three of the retained testes, producing oligozoospermic smears with a high percentage of sperm abnormalities. No comparable epidemiological data about male pathological conditions of the reproductive organs in the dog is available. The prevalence found in this study, yet, appears high.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42189009,"asset_id":18159969,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38126392,"first_name":"Antonio","last_name":"Ortega-pacheco","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AntonioOrtegapacheco","display_name":"Antonio Ortega-pacheco","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AntonioOrtegapacheco?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":38212196,"first_name":"Catharina","last_name":"Linde Forsberg","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CatharinaForsberg","display_name":"Catharina Linde Forsberg","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CatharinaForsberg?f_ri=47884","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/38212196/10664126/11905089/s65_catharina.forsberg.jpg"},{"id":38213120,"first_name":"Matilde","last_name":"Jimenez-coello","domain_name":"diaarroba","page_name":"MatildeJimenezcoello","display_name":"Matilde Jimenez-coello","profile_url":"https://diaarroba.academia.edu/MatildeJimenezcoello?f_ri=47884","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/38213120/10664258/11905235/s65_matilde.jimenez-coello.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4559,"name":"Reproduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproduction?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":43881,"name":"Mexico","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexico?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":52438,"name":"Dogs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dogs?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":69056,"name":"Testosterone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Testosterone?f_ri=47884"},{"id":192721,"name":"Risk factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_factors?f_ri=47884"},{"id":208580,"name":"Cryptorchidism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cryptorchidism?f_ri=47884"},{"id":289330,"name":"Prevalence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prevalence?f_ri=47884"},{"id":546419,"name":"Age Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Age_Factors?f_ri=47884"},{"id":617771,"name":"MEXICO","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MEXICO-2015?f_ri=47884"},{"id":620049,"name":"Risk Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factors-1?f_ri=47884"},{"id":862371,"name":"Spermatozoa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spermatozoa?f_ri=47884"},{"id":906876,"name":"Tropical Climate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tropical_Climate?f_ri=47884"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10336452" data-work_id="10336452" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10336452/PARASITISM_AND_THE_UNIONACEA_BIVALVIA">PARASITISM AND THE UNIONACEA (BIVALVIA</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">It is proposed that the incorporation of a unique parasitic stage in the life-cycle of unionaceans which involves an obligate relationship between a vertebrate host, usually a fish, and a highly modified larval stage, the glochidium, has... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10336452" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">It is proposed that the incorporation of a unique parasitic stage in the life-cycle of unionaceans which involves an obligate relationship between a vertebrate host, usually a fish, and a highly modified larval stage, the glochidium, has had far-reaching consequences with respect to overall morphology, extent of species' geographic ranges, and rate of speciation in the group.Glochidia are separable into three main types with respect to overall shape and attachment features, and are retained in variously modified brood pouches. When mature, glochidia are released in several different ways which reflect various adaptations involved in either attracting the fish host and/or increasing the probability of attachment. Glochidia do not seem capable of host selection, and the reaction of the host to the parasite seems to be the main factor in determining specificity. Release of glochidia is synchronized to correspond to periods of predictable host availability, such as during spawing migrations and nesting behaviour. Other adaptations include modifications of glochidial conglutinates to mimic host food items, and modifications of the unionacean mantle edges to attract hosts. In all cases, a good correlation exists between the type of lure used and host food preferences, but, despite these adaptations, host specificity among unionaceans seems low.Parasitism among unionaceans is postulated to be mainly advantageous in terms of predictability of dispersal by habitat-specific hosts, but parasitism is hypothesized to entail constraints in terms of the degree to which shell shape and life-habit can be diversified among unionaceans. The type of host parasitized is considered to affect the rate of diversification among populations and speciation among unionaceans: those that parasitize strictly freshwater hosts are more likely to exhibit highly individualistic populations in different drainages with respect to molecular genetic and soft-part characters, while those that parasitize anadromous or saltwater-tolerant hosts show little differentiation among widely distributed populations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10336452" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="598cdd7ac5eeb1e393295cce11677a85" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47432341,"asset_id":10336452,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47432341/download_file?st=MTczMjY5NDg3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25346766" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KatPieter">Pieter Kat</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25346766" type="text/json">{"id":25346766,"first_name":"Pieter","last_name":"Kat","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KatPieter","display_name":"Pieter Kat","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KatPieter?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10336452 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10336452"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10336452, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10336452", }); 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When mature, glochidia are released in several different ways which reflect various adaptations involved in either attracting the fish host and/or increasing the probability of attachment. Glochidia do not seem capable of host selection, and the reaction of the host to the parasite seems to be the main factor in determining specificity. Release of glochidia is synchronized to correspond to periods of predictable host availability, such as during spawing migrations and nesting behaviour. Other adaptations include modifications of glochidial conglutinates to mimic host food items, and modifications of the unionacean mantle edges to attract hosts. In all cases, a good correlation exists between the type of lure used and host food preferences, but, despite these adaptations, host specificity among unionaceans seems low.Parasitism among unionaceans is postulated to be mainly advantageous in terms of predictability of dispersal by habitat-specific hosts, but parasitism is hypothesized to entail constraints in terms of the degree to which shell shape and life-habit can be diversified among unionaceans. The type of host parasitized is considered to affect the rate of diversification among populations and speciation among unionaceans: those that parasitize strictly freshwater hosts are more likely to exhibit highly individualistic populations in different drainages with respect to molecular genetic and soft-part characters, while those that parasitize anadromous or saltwater-tolerant hosts show little differentiation among widely distributed populations.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47432341,"asset_id":10336452,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25346766,"first_name":"Pieter","last_name":"Kat","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KatPieter","display_name":"Pieter Kat","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KatPieter?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4609493" data-work_id="4609493" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4609493/Mitochondrial_potassium_transport_the_role_of_the_mitochondrial_ATP_sensitive_K_channel_in_cardiac_function_and_cardioprotection">Mitochondrial potassium transport: the role of the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K + channel in cardiac function and cardioprotection</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4609493" data-share-source="work_strip" 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class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11298" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Membrane_Proteins">Membrane Proteins</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11298" type="text/json">{"id":11298,"name":"Membrane Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Membrane_Proteins?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17856" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Signaling">Cell Signaling</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17856" type="text/json">{"id":17856,"name":"Cell Signaling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Signaling?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological 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Costa","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AlexandreCosta5?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9588,"name":"Natural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Natural_History?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":11298,"name":"Membrane Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Membrane_Proteins?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":17856,"name":"Cell Signaling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Signaling?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=47884","nofollow":false},{"id":49633,"name":"Heart Failure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heart_Failure?f_ri=47884"},{"id":50948,"name":"Ischemia Reperfusion Injury","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ischemia_Reperfusion_Injury?f_ri=47884"},{"id":82978,"name":"Reactive Oxygen Species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reactive_Oxygen_Species?f_ri=47884"},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=47884"},{"id":131495,"name":"Heart","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heart?f_ri=47884"},{"id":132784,"name":"Low Energy Buildngs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Low_Energy_Buildngs?f_ri=47884"},{"id":160656,"name":"Potassium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Potassium?f_ri=47884"},{"id":186094,"name":"Electron Transport","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electron_Transport?f_ri=47884"},{"id":400537,"name":"Functional Recovery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functional_Recovery?f_ri=47884"},{"id":557691,"name":"Potassium Channels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Potassium_Channels?f_ri=47884"},{"id":717129,"name":"Energy Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Transfer?f_ri=47884"},{"id":789977,"name":"Coronary Artery Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coronary_Artery_Disease?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1011864,"name":"Structure Function","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structure_Function?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1499498,"name":"High energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_energy?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1535956,"name":"Ischemic Preconditioning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ischemic_Preconditioning?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1816594,"name":"Adenosine Triphosphate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adenosine_Triphosphate?f_ri=47884"},{"id":1954130,"name":"Cell 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A 12-year study of forest dynamics in western Amazon</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12516672" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="39ad60c51783946513c7d5ecb8111854" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46121067,"asset_id":12516672,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46121067/download_file?st=MTczMjY5NDg3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31394366" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ErnestinoDeSouzaGuarino">Ernestino De Souza Guarino</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31394366" type="text/json">{"id":31394366,"first_name":"Ernestino De Souza","last_name":"Guarino","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ErnestinoDeSouzaGuarino","display_name":"Ernestino De Souza Guarino","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ErnestinoDeSouzaGuarino?f_ri=47884","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12516672 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12516672"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12516672, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12516672", }); 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