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Ĥitanoj - Vikipedio

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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Ensaluti</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Pliaj agordoj" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personaj iloj" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personaj iloj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menuo de uzanto" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_eo.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=eo"><span>Donaci</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Krei_konton&amp;returnto=%C4%A4itanoj" title="Ni rekomendas ke vi kreu uzantokonton kaj ensalutu, kvankam tio ne estas deviga"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Krei konton</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Ensaluti&amp;returnto=%C4%A4itanoj" title="Ni rekomendas ke vi ensalutu, kvankam tio ne estas devige. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ensaluti</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Paĝoj por elsalutitaj redaktistoj <a href="/wiki/Helpo:Enkonduko" aria-label="Lernu pli pri redaktado"><span>Lernu pli</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Miaj_kontribuoj" title="Listo de redaktoj faritaj el ĉi tiu IPa adreso [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribuoj</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Mia_diskutpa%C4%9Do" title="Diskuto pri redaktoj sub tiu ĉi IP adreso [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuto</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Retejo"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Enhavo" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Enhavo</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Komenco</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Referencoj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencoj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Referencoj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referencoj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Enhavo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ŝaltu la enhavtabelon" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ŝaltu la enhavtabelon</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ĥitanoj</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Iru al artikolo en alia lingvo. Havebla en 58 lingvo" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">58 lingvoj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khitans" title="Khitans — aragona" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Khitans" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="شعب الخيتان — araba" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شعب الخيتان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kit%C3%A1n" title="Kitán — asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Kitán" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xitaylar" title="Xitaylar — azerbajĝana" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Xitaylar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajĝana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="خیتای‌لار — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="خیتای‌لار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Кидандар — baŝkira" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Кидандар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baŝkira" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Кідані — belorusa" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кідані" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belorusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Кидани — bulgara" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кидани" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khitan" title="Khitan — kataluna" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Khitan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataluna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="خیتان — sorana" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="خیتان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitani" title="Kitani — ĉeĥa" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kitani" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ĉeĥa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khitan" title="Khitan — dana" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Khitan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitan" title="Kitan — germana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kitan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khitan_people" title="Khitan people — angla" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Khitan people" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kit%C3%A1n" title="Kitán — hispana" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kitán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khitan" title="Khitan — eŭska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Khitan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="eŭska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85_%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مردم خیتان — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مردم خیتان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitaanit" title="Kitaanit — finna" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kitaanit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khitans" title="Khitans — franca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Khitans" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8D%83" title="𐌺𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃 — Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌺𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khie-t%C3%A2n-ng%C3%ACn" title="Khie-tân-ngìn — Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Khie-tân-ngìn" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="ख़ितानी लोग — hinda" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ख़ितानी लोग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hinda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitajok" title="Kitajok — hungara" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kitajok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Khitan" title="Orang Khitan — indonezia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Orang Khitan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitai" title="Kitai — itala" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kitai" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%91%E4%B8%B9" title="契丹 — japana" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="契丹" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="კიდანები — kartvela" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კიდანები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="kartvela" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B" title="Қидан патшалығы — kazaĥa" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қидан патшалығы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaĥa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B1%B0%EB%9E%80" title="거란 — korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="거란" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathaini" title="Cathaini — latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cathaini" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidaniai" title="Kidaniai — litova" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kidaniai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%BC" title="ഖിറ്റൻ വംശജർ — malajalama" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഖിറ്റൻ വംശജർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%87%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Киданчууд — mongola" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Киданчууд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="खितान — marata" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="खितान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Khitan" title="Orang Khitan — malaja" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Orang Khitan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitan" title="Kitan — nederlanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kitan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khitanerne" title="Khitanerne — dannorvega" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Khitanerne" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="dannorvega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitanowie" title="Kitanowie — pola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kitanowie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="pola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9" title="ختانی لوک — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ختانی لوک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quitais" title="Quitais — portugala" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Quitais" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Кидани — rusa" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кидани" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidan_(narod)" title="Kidan (narod) — serbo-Kroata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kidan (narod)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-Kroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khitan_people" title="Khitan people — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Khitan people" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitani" title="Kitani — slovena" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kitani" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Кидани — serba" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кидани" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khitaner" title="Khitaner — sveda" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Khitaner" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sveda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="கிதான் மக்கள் — tamila" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கிதான் மக்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamila" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Мардуми Хитон — taĝika" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Мардуми Хитон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="taĝika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="ชาวคีตัน — taja" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชาวคีตัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C4%B1taylar" title="Hıtaylar — turka" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hıtaylar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Кидані — ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кидані" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidonlar" title="Kidonlar — uzbeka" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kidonlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Khi%E1%BA%BFt_%C4%90an" title="Người Khiết Đan — vjetnama" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Người Khiết Đan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%91%E4%B8%B9%E4%BA%BA" title="契丹人 — vua" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="契丹人" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%91%E4%B8%B9%E4%BA%BA" title="契丹人 — ĉina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="契丹人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ĉina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%91%E4%B8%B9" title="契丹 — Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="契丹" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C3%A8-tan-l%C3%A2ng" title="Khè-tan-lâng — Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Khè-tan-lâng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%91%E4%B8%B9" title="契丹 — kantona" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="契丹" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q218332#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redakti interlingvajn ligilojn" class="wbc-editpage">Redakti ligilojn</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nomspacoj"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Khitan_people" hreflang="en"><span>Vikimedia Komunejo</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q218332" title="Ligilo al konektita datuma ero [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Ero en Vikidatumoj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paĝaj iloj"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspekto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eo" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:23em; &lt;--Bv ne ŝanĝi tiun-ĉi larĝon, por ke estu la sama larĝeco ĉe ĉiuj ŝablonoj-informkesto, se aperas du ŝablonoj unu sub la alia. Dankon. !--&gt; background:#ffffff; text-align:center; font-size:95%; -moz-box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC; -webkit-box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC; box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color:#A8D3DD; text-align:center; font-size:larger;" class="kaplinio io">Ĥitanoj </th></tr> <tr> <th><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:MongolHuntersSong.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/MongolHuntersSong.jpg/220px-MongolHuntersSong.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/MongolHuntersSong.jpg/330px-MongolHuntersSong.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/MongolHuntersSong.jpg/440px-MongolHuntersSong.jpg 2x" data-file-width="844" data-file-height="669" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#e4dcf6; color:#000000;"><b><a href="/wiki/Etno" title="Etno">etno</a></b> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#E6F2FF; line-height:14pt;">Ŝtatoj kun signifa populacio</th></tr> <tr><td> </td></tr> <tr><td class="shangu-shablonon infoboximage" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em"><div class="noprint toccolours" style="border:2px solid #a2a9b1;padding:5px;background-color:#A8D3DD;color:black;font-size:xx-small;font-weight:normal"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedio:Informkestoj" title="Vikipedio:Informkestoj"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/15px-Information_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/23px-Information_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/30px-Information_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><span class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cablono:Informkesto_etna_grupo" title="Ŝablono:Informkesto etna grupo">v</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cablono-Diskuto:Informkesto_etna_grupo" title="Ŝablono-Diskuto:Informkesto etna grupo">d</a> • <a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Cablono%3AInformkesto_etna_grupo&amp;action=edit">r</a></span></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:MongolHuntersSong.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/MongolHuntersSong.jpg/220px-MongolHuntersSong.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/MongolHuntersSong.jpg/330px-MongolHuntersSong.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/MongolHuntersSong.jpg/440px-MongolHuntersSong.jpg 2x" data-file-width="844" data-file-height="669" /></a><figcaption>Ĥitanaj falkoĉasistoj.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:KaraKhitaiAD1200.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/KaraKhitaiAD1200.png/220px-KaraKhitaiAD1200.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/KaraKhitaiAD1200.png/330px-KaraKhitaiAD1200.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/KaraKhitaiAD1200.png/440px-KaraKhitaiAD1200.png 2x" data-file-width="1644" data-file-height="959" /></a><figcaption>Kara-Ĥitana Ĥanato ĉirkaŭ 1200.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Ĥitanoj</b> (en ĉina: 契丹; en pijino: Qìdān, en malnovtjurka: 𐰶𐰃𐱃𐰪, latinigite: Qïtaŋ) estis <a href="/wiki/Nomado" title="Nomado">nomada</a> popolo el Nordorienta Azio kiu, el la 4a jarcento, loĝis en areo koresponda al partoj de nuntempaj <a href="/wiki/Mongolio" title="Mongolio">Mongolio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nordorienta_%C4%88inio" title="Nordorienta Ĉinio">Nordorienta Ĉinio</a> kaj <a href="/wiki/Rusia_Fora_Oriento" title="Rusia Fora Oriento">Rusia Fora Oriento</a>. </p><p>Kiel pra-<a href="/wiki/Mongoloj" title="Mongoloj">Mongoloj</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ili parolis la <a href="/wiki/%C4%A4itana_lingvo" title="Ĥitana lingvo">ĥitanan</a>, kiu estis rilata al la <a href="/wiki/Mongola_lingvaro" title="Mongola lingvaro">mongola lingvaro</a> kiel <a href="/wiki/Fratogrupo" title="Fratogrupo">fratolingvo</a>. Dum la <a href="/wiki/Dinastio_Li%C3%A1o" title="Dinastio Liáo">Dinastio Liáo</a>, ili dominis vastan areon de Siberio kaj nordan <a href="/wiki/%C4%88inio" title="Ĉinio">Ĉinion</a>. Post la falo de la Dinastio Liáo en 1125 post la Jurĉena invado, multaj Ĥitanoj sekvis la grupon de Yelü Dashi okcidenten kaj establis la regnon de la <a href="/wiki/Kara-%C4%A4itana_%C4%A4anato" title="Kara-Ĥitana Ĥanato">Kara-Ĥitana Ĥanato</a>, aŭ Okcidenta Dinastio Liáo, en <a href="/wiki/Centra_Azio" title="Centra Azio">Centra Azio</a>, kiu daŭris kelkajn jardekojn antaŭ fali al la <a href="/wiki/Mongola_Imperio" title="Mongola Imperio">Mongola Imperio</a> en 1218. Aliaj reĝimoj fonditaj de Ĥitanoj estis Norda Liao, Orienta Liao kaj Fina Liao en Ĉinio, same kiel la Kutlug-Ĥanida dinastio en Persio. Kelkaj <a href="/wiki/Kirgizoj" title="Kirgizoj">Kirgizoj</a> montras genetikan konekton kun la Ĥitanoj aŭ estas rektaj iliaj posteuloj.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencoj">Referencoj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%A4itanoj&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Redakti sekcion: Referencoj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%A4itanoj&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Referencoj"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist references-small" style="padding-right: 6px;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://asiasociety.org/education/chinas-liao-dynasty">China's Liao Dynasty</a>. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> (2018)&#32;“Autosomal DIPs for population genetic structure and differentiation analyses of Chinese Xinjiang Kyrgyz ethnic group”, <i>Scientific Reports</i>&#160;<b>8</b>&#160;(1), <span style="white-space:nowrap;">p. 11054</span>. <a href="/wiki/Cifereca_objekta_identigilo" title="Cifereca objekta identigilo">doi</a>:<a href="//doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29010-8" class="extiw" title="doi:10.1038/s41598-018-29010-8">10.1038/s41598-018-29010-8</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bibliografia_kodo" title="Bibliografia kodo">Bibkodo</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018NatSR...811054G/abstract" class="extiw" title="bibcode:2018NatSR...811054G">2018NatSR...811054G</a>.</cite><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span> </span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="noprint" id="aliaj_projektoj" style="float: right; clear: right; width: 250px; border: 1px solid #aaa; padding: 4px; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9;"> <ul class="noarchive"><li class="commons"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Khitan_people?uselang=eo">Kategorio Ĥitanoj en la <span>Vikimedia Komunejo</span></a> (Multrimedaj datumoj)</span> </li></ul> </div> <div class="noprint" style="clear:both; margin-top:0px; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); padding: 0px; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:inherit"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Norma_datumaro" title="Norma datumaro">Bibliotekoj</a> </td> <td class="plainlinks hlist" style="font-size: 80%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helpo:Bibliotekoj" title="Helpo:Bibliotekoj">PeEnEo</a>: <a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/?curid=676288">676288</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kontrolnumero_de_la_Kongresa_Biblioteko_de_Usono" title="Kontrolnumero de la Kongresa Biblioteko de Usono">LCCN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/sh85072200">sh85072200</a></span></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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