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<!DOCTYPE html> <html > <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs"> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="oIQAF4G/0zNthbsTicBQiGcZXThruSHCzrl+xRDJDvg1boSJ4L1EEVWouHthOn36gHOAnd12XBsH7hDo8Wkgtg==" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="An emerging consensus in palaeoanthropology: demography was the main factor responsible for the disappearance of Neanderthals" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2021/01/01" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Scientific Reports" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Krist Vaesen" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/80685232/An_emerging_consensus_in_palaeoanthropology_demography_was_the_main_factor_responsible_for_the_disappearance_of_Neanderthals" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="An emerging consensus in palaeoanthropology: demography was the main factor responsible for the disappearance of Neanderthals" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="The causes of Neanderthal disappearance about 40,000 years ago remain highly contested. Over a dozen serious hypotheses are currently endorsed to explain this enigmatic event. Given the relatively large number of contending explanations and the" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/twitter-card.jpeg" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/80685232/An_emerging_consensus_in_palaeoanthropology_demography_was_the_main_factor_responsible_for_the_disappearance_of_Neanderthals" /> <meta property="og:title" content="An emerging consensus in palaeoanthropology: demography was the main factor responsible for the disappearance of Neanderthals" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="The causes of Neanderthal disappearance about 40,000 years ago remain highly contested. Over a dozen serious hypotheses are currently endorsed to explain this enigmatic event. Given the relatively large number of contending explanations and the" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://tue.academia.edu/KristVaesen" /> <meta name="description" content="The causes of Neanderthal disappearance about 40,000 years ago remain highly contested. Over a dozen serious hypotheses are currently endorsed to explain this enigmatic event. Given the relatively large number of contending explanations and the" /> <title>(PDF) An emerging consensus in palaeoanthropology: demography was the main factor responsible for the disappearance of Neanderthals | Krist Vaesen - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/80685232/An_emerging_consensus_in_palaeoanthropology_demography_was_the_main_factor_responsible_for_the_disappearance_of_Neanderthals" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '49879c2402910372f4abc62630a427bbe033d190'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732426915000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732426915000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"The causes of Neanderthal disappearance about 40,000 years ago remain highly contested. Over a dozen serious hypotheses are currently endorsed to explain this enigmatic event. Given the relatively large number of contending explanations and the relatively large number of participants in the debate, it is unclear how strongly each contender is supported by the research community. What does the community actually believe about the demise of Neanderthals? To address this question, we conducted a survey among practicing palaeo-anthropologists (total number of respondents = 216). It appears that received wisdom is that demography was the principal cause of the demise of Neanderthals. In contrast, there is no received wisdom about the role that environmental factors and competition with modern humans played in the extinction process; the research community is deeply divided about these issues. Finally, we tested the hypothesis that palaeo-anthropologists’ stand in the debate co-varies wit...","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Krist Vaesen"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2022-06-04","dateModified":"2022-06-04","datePublished":"2021-01-01","headline":"An emerging consensus in palaeoanthropology: demography was the main factor responsible for the disappearance of Neanderthals","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Paleoanthropology","Neanderthal"],"locationCreated":null,"publication":"Scientific Reports","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC"},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/80685232/An_emerging_consensus_in_palaeoanthropology_demography_was_the_main_factor_responsible_for_the_disappearance_of_Neanderthals","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":"tue"}]}</script><link 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"https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F80685232%2FAn_emerging_consensus_in_palaeoanthropology_demography_was_the_main_factor_responsible_for_the_disappearance_of_Neanderthals%3Fauto%3Ddownload"; window.loswp.translateUrl = "https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F80685232%2FAn_emerging_consensus_in_palaeoanthropology_demography_was_the_main_factor_responsible_for_the_disappearance_of_Neanderthals%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":86986041,"identifier":"Attachment_86986041","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":80685232,"created_at":"2022-06-04T08:48:58.386-07:00","from_world_paper_id":207292616,"updated_at":"2022-06-04T09:11:08.100-07:00","_data":{"abstract":"The causes of Neanderthal disappearance about 40,000 years ago remain highly contested. Over a dozen serious hypotheses are currently endorsed to explain this enigmatic event. Given the relatively large number of contending explanations and the relatively large number of participants in the debate, it is unclear how strongly each contender is supported by the research community. What does the community actually believe about the demise of Neanderthals? To address this question, we conducted a survey among practicing palaeo-anthropologists (total number of respondents = 216). It appears that received wisdom is that demography was the principal cause of the demise of Neanderthals. In contrast, there is no received wisdom about the role that environmental factors and competition with modern humans played in the extinction process; the research community is deeply divided about these issues. Finally, we tested the hypothesis that palaeo-anthropologists’ stand in the debate co-varies wit...","publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","publication_date":"2021,,","publication_name":"Scientific Reports"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"An emerging consensus in palaeoanthropology: demography was the main factor responsible for the disappearance of Neanderthals","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [347528]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":86986041,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “An emerging consensus in palaeoanthropology: demography was the main factor responsible for the disappearance of Neanderthals”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/86986041/mini_magick20220604-31132-1hkm6u1.png?1654357777" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">An emerging consensus in palaeoanthropology: demography was the main factor responsible for the disappearance of Neanderthals</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="347528" href="https://tue.academia.edu/KristVaesen"><img alt="Profile image of Krist Vaesen" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />Krist Vaesen</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2021, Scientific Reports</p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">The causes of Neanderthal disappearance about 40,000 years ago remain highly contested. Over a dozen serious hypotheses are currently endorsed to explain this enigmatic event. Given the relatively large number of contending explanations and the relatively large number of participants in the debate, it is unclear how strongly each contender is supported by the research community. What does the community actually believe about the demise of Neanderthals? To address this question, we conducted a survey among practicing palaeo-anthropologists (total number of respondents = 216). It appears that received wisdom is that demography was the principal cause of the demise of Neanderthals. In contrast, there is no received wisdom about the role that environmental factors and competition with modern humans played in the extinction process; the research community is deeply divided about these issues. Finally, we tested the hypothesis that palaeo-anthropologists’ stand in the debate co-varies wit...</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":86986041,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/80685232/An_emerging_consensus_in_palaeoanthropology_demography_was_the_main_factor_responsible_for_the_disappearance_of_Neanderthals"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":86986041,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/80685232/An_emerging_consensus_in_palaeoanthropology_demography_was_the_main_factor_responsible_for_the_disappearance_of_Neanderthals"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="86986041" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/80685232/An_emerging_consensus_in_palaeoanthropology_demography_was_the_main_factor_responsible_for_the_disappearance_of_Neanderthals" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="67187848" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67187848/What_Do_Palaeo_Anthropologists_Believe_About_the_Disappearance_of_Neanderthals">What Do Palaeo-Anthropologists Believe About the Disappearance of Neanderthals?</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="253584" href="https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/GerritDusseldorp">Gerrit Dusseldorp</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The causes of Neanderthal disappearance about 40,000 years ago remain highly contested. 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data-entity-id="820430" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/820430/Did_the_moderns_kill_off_the_Neanderthals_A_reply_to_F_dErrico_and_S%C3%A1nchez_Go%C3%B1i">Did the moderns kill off the Neanderthals? A reply to F. d'Errico and Sánchez Goñi.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="426222" href="https://unigib.academia.edu/DarrenFa">Darren A Fa</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Quaternary science reviews, 2004</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Did the moderns kill off the Neanderthals? 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The Cause of the cause Massive Impact Crater Additional and supplement of the article - First impression on researchers' minds - What happened to Homo Sapiens? Attachment Preface: We know the huge populations of Neanderthals during some hundred thousand years had scattered on many parts of Earth, then between 12000 and 11000 years ago, suddenly disappeared from the planet!! This subject has engaged the minds of many paleontologists, anthropologists and other researchers who looking for a logic and acceptable reason for Neanderthals extinction, but none of them could obtain such important reason yet. Some of them, like as prof. Pat Shipman has delivered some personal ideas and point of views as a reason for the extinction!!; and others in different ways.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The main reason for Neanderthals extinction","attachmentId":109314759,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37892356/The_main_reason_for_Neanderthals_extinction","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/37892356/The_main_reason_for_Neanderthals_extinction"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="3320286" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3320286/Neanderthals_and_extinction">Neanderthal's and extinction</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3842288" href="https://essex.academia.edu/VinceEade">Vince Eade</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Neanderthal's and extinction","attachmentId":31140142,"attachmentType":"docx","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3320286/Neanderthals_and_extinction","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/3320286/Neanderthals_and_extinction"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":86986041,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":86986041,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_86986041" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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