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id="Pill-react-component-afaaa266-3601-456c-8f78-a8d7558ca0e7"></div> </a></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Gerard M Martin</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125420857"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125420857/Sprague_Dawley_rats_differ_in_responses_to_medial_perforant_path_paired_pulse_and_tetanic_activation_as_a_function_of_sex_and_age"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Sprague-Dawley rats differ in responses to medial perforant path paired pulse and tetanic activation as a function of sex and age" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119467257/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125420857/Sprague_Dawley_rats_differ_in_responses_to_medial_perforant_path_paired_pulse_and_tetanic_activation_as_a_function_of_sex_and_age">Sprague-Dawley rats differ in responses to medial perforant path paired pulse and tetanic activation as a function of sex and age</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)</span><span>, Oct 7, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="26a4f1ffa283c6c333e65f89041cbeae" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119467257,"asset_id":125420857,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119467257/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125420857"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span 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wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125420813/A_short_pre_conception_bout_of_predation_risk_affects_both_children_and_grandchildren">A short pre-conception bout of predation risk affects both children and grandchildren</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Scientific Reports</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Traumatic events that affect physiology and behavior in the current generation may also impact fu...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Traumatic events that affect physiology and behavior in the current generation may also impact future generations. We demonstrate that an ecologically realistic degree of predation risk prior to conception causes lasting changes in the first filial (F1) and second filial (F2) generations. We exposed male and female mice to a live rat (predator stress) or control (non-predator) condition for 5 min. Ten days later, stressed males and females were bred together as were control males and females. Adult F1 offspring from preconception-stressed parents responded to a mild stressor with more anxiety-like behavior and hyperarousal than offspring from control parents. Exposing these F1 offspring to the mild stressor increased neuronal activity (cFOS) in the hippocampus and altered glucocorticoid system function peripherally (plasma corticosterone levels). Even without the mild stressor, F1 offspring from preconception-stressed parents still exhibited more anxiety-like behaviors than controls...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c32e50549428a7a6fa2fc0640a88729d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119467240,"asset_id":125420813,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119467240/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125420813"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125420813"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125420813; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125420813]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125420813]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125420813; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='125420813']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125420813, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c32e50549428a7a6fa2fc0640a88729d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=125420813]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":125420813,"title":"A short pre-conception bout of predation risk affects both children and grandchildren","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Traumatic events that affect physiology and behavior in the current generation may also impact future generations. We demonstrate that an ecologically realistic degree of predation risk prior to conception causes lasting changes in the first filial (F1) and second filial (F2) generations. We exposed male and female mice to a live rat (predator stress) or control (non-predator) condition for 5 min. Ten days later, stressed males and females were bred together as were control males and females. Adult F1 offspring from preconception-stressed parents responded to a mild stressor with more anxiety-like behavior and hyperarousal than offspring from control parents. Exposing these F1 offspring to the mild stressor increased neuronal activity (cFOS) in the hippocampus and altered glucocorticoid system function peripherally (plasma corticosterone levels). Even without the mild stressor, F1 offspring from preconception-stressed parents still exhibited more anxiety-like behaviors than controls...","publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","publication_name":"Scientific Reports"},"translated_abstract":"Traumatic events that affect physiology and behavior in the current generation may also impact future generations. We demonstrate that an ecologically realistic degree of predation risk prior to conception causes lasting changes in the first filial (F1) and second filial (F2) generations. We exposed male and female mice to a live rat (predator stress) or control (non-predator) condition for 5 min. Ten days later, stressed males and females were bred together as were control males and females. Adult F1 offspring from preconception-stressed parents responded to a mild stressor with more anxiety-like behavior and hyperarousal than offspring from control parents. Exposing these F1 offspring to the mild stressor increased neuronal activity (cFOS) in the hippocampus and altered glucocorticoid system function peripherally (plasma corticosterone levels). Even without the mild stressor, F1 offspring from preconception-stressed parents still exhibited more anxiety-like behaviors than controls...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/125420813/A_short_pre_conception_bout_of_predation_risk_affects_both_children_and_grandchildren","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-11-10T03:53:01.597-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":119467240,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119467240/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s41598-023-37455-9.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119467240/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_short_pre_conception_bout_of_predation.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/119467240/s41598-023-37455-9-libre.pdf?1731242791=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_short_pre_conception_bout_of_predation.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=HS4M~d2F5ESAB2tc5gURR-J22Vt4UV6eol7COco1A5eq80jU1JYU3yczgPe8ZDprluWlt-b14d67HF34o5pSRnOJtXDM1ex7zFfrtCYJ9EC6iwaOwhVSPSuG6mWUfD2oowzA6N6I2Ef4c-Al8PIpO9Zqy7Zn9~IlACpKEmWXMqBhXjGd0RIigkNxvdA1Tn~dqT-VibSYe0fMS7gl8YDq1fpIVrJgm5lMEO8YfZ2d3oal4DdZLhysonH9BBEJuDUP1MtURqibNtH99DKwqpONx~yqHd4p8kZOpR5WUDMWvPwIhNmVA~jOjGaIgufRuvRsCJ5DXCuZrq~Twu3Z9dAiAA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"A_short_pre_conception_bout_of_predation_risk_affects_both_children_and_grandchildren","translated_slug":"","page_count":15,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[{"id":119467240,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119467240/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s41598-023-37455-9.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119467240/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_short_pre_conception_bout_of_predation.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/119467240/s41598-023-37455-9-libre.pdf?1731242791=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_short_pre_conception_bout_of_predation.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=HS4M~d2F5ESAB2tc5gURR-J22Vt4UV6eol7COco1A5eq80jU1JYU3yczgPe8ZDprluWlt-b14d67HF34o5pSRnOJtXDM1ex7zFfrtCYJ9EC6iwaOwhVSPSuG6mWUfD2oowzA6N6I2Ef4c-Al8PIpO9Zqy7Zn9~IlACpKEmWXMqBhXjGd0RIigkNxvdA1Tn~dqT-VibSYe0fMS7gl8YDq1fpIVrJgm5lMEO8YfZ2d3oal4DdZLhysonH9BBEJuDUP1MtURqibNtH99DKwqpONx~yqHd4p8kZOpR5WUDMWvPwIhNmVA~jOjGaIgufRuvRsCJ5DXCuZrq~Twu3Z9dAiAA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":119467241,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119467241/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s41598-023-37455-9.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119467241/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"A_short_pre_conception_bout_of_predation.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/119467241/s41598-023-37455-9-libre.pdf?1731242792=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_short_pre_conception_bout_of_predation.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=JPFYOVqlbUMA9THQX2OePch0-WV5w7-xi4kXNJirnb73lcD4MRpeKvkdXFTDuydWtBYT30Wb~ZUk2F1SSQda2hEa9JHPbpe7e5yUMoE3NzFWohTWx6vUcdMRXtW6nq5-mE1btOV7Of2bUeHjqwGMWRIRqjJiEAVo6Z5CDaQjo46krEJZzWJ-aTL45rlv~sTMj16QhmpwFO8xLCrJahJ4R-gLsbdvMV8pdNZJyhkFhkNbd82QchoBIw-kse50wrr28v2zfP4vKgCHV6X99cV6RDFdJOymSkVDQ0bjeLKwqJyw18Afb2pleXG9ZBwIzlWx2LBIaRKRCMayIDgfrgah~A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":38676,"name":"Anxiety","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anxiety"},{"id":103297,"name":"Corticosterone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corticosterone"},{"id":235379,"name":"Predator","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predator"},{"id":371482,"name":"Glucocorticoid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glucocorticoid"},{"id":623821,"name":"ANXIETY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ANXIETY-1"},{"id":978192,"name":"Offspring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Offspring"},{"id":3818762,"name":"stressor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/stressor"}],"urls":[{"id":45545418,"url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-37455-9.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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The rewarding motivational property is preferentially associated with places, whereas the aversive property is preferentially associated with tastes. We used this preferential associability of stimuli in combination with a higher order conditioning procedure to ask how the motivational effects of morphine are represented in memory. First-order conditioning involved the pairing of a novel taste or distinct place with an intraperitoneal injection of morphine (15 mg/kg) in two separate groups ofrats. As expected, conditioned taste aversions developed in one group and conditioned place preferences developed in the other. Second-order conditioning involved pairing the first-order taste conditioned stimulus (eS) with a distinct place es in the absence of morphine in one group and pairing the first-order place es with a distinct taste es in the absence of morphine in the other group. Ifthe first-order taste es, for example, elicits from memory a representation of the entire motivational spectrum of morphine, then the second-order place cues might be expected to reveal conditioned place preferences on the basis of differential associability findings. However, if the first-order taste es calls up only a representation of morphine's aversive effects, then second-order conditioned place aversions would be expected. We found that the firstorder taste es produced second-order conditioned place aversions. Similarly, in the other group, the first-order place es produced second-order taste preferences. In other words, only conditioning within one motivational system was observed. We propose that the first-order stimulus conditioned to morphine represents in memory only that single motivational effect of morphine to which the first-order conditioned stimulus is preferentially associable. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="92454824"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/92454824/Locus_coeruleus_patterns_differentially_modulate_learning_and_valence_in_rat_via_the_ventral_tegmental_area_and_basolateral_amygdala_respectively"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Locus coeruleus patterns differentially modulate learning and valence in rat via the ventral tegmental area and basolateral amygdala respectively" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95458762/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/92454824/Locus_coeruleus_patterns_differentially_modulate_learning_and_valence_in_rat_via_the_ventral_tegmental_area_and_basolateral_amygdala_respectively">Locus coeruleus patterns differentially modulate learning and valence in rat via the ventral tegmental area and basolateral amygdala respectively</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACTThe locus coeruleus (LC), the main source of forebrain norepinephrine, produces phasic an...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ABSTRACTThe locus coeruleus (LC), the main source of forebrain norepinephrine, produces phasic and tonic firing patterns that are theorized to have distinct functional consequences. However, how different firing modes affect learning and valence coding of sensory information are unknown. Here bilateral optogenetic activation of rat LC neurons using 10-Hz phasic trains of either 300 msec or 10 sec accelerates acquisition of a food-rewarded similar odor discrimination, but not a dissimilar odor discrimination, consistent with LC-supported enhanced pattern separation and plasticity. Similar odor discrimination learning is impaired by noradrenergic blockade in the piriform cortex (PC). However, here 10-Hz LC phasic light-mediated learning facilitation is prevented by a dopaminergic antagonist in the PC, or by ventral tegmental area (VTA) silencing with lidocaine, suggesting an LC-VTA-PC dopamine circuitry mediates 10-Hz phasic learning facilitation. Tonic stimulation at 10 Hz did not al...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6a7dbc0117cb512c4965c2bee765e2ca" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":95458762,"asset_id":92454824,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95458762/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="92454824"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="92454824"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92454824; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92454824]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92454824]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92454824; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='92454824']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 92454824, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6a7dbc0117cb512c4965c2bee765e2ca" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=92454824]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":92454824,"title":"Locus coeruleus patterns differentially modulate learning and valence in rat via the ventral tegmental area and basolateral amygdala respectively","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe locus coeruleus (LC), the main source of forebrain norepinephrine, produces phasic and tonic firing patterns that are theorized to have distinct functional consequences. However, how different firing modes affect learning and valence coding of sensory information are unknown. Here bilateral optogenetic activation of rat LC neurons using 10-Hz phasic trains of either 300 msec or 10 sec accelerates acquisition of a food-rewarded similar odor discrimination, but not a dissimilar odor discrimination, consistent with LC-supported enhanced pattern separation and plasticity. Similar odor discrimination learning is impaired by noradrenergic blockade in the piriform cortex (PC). However, here 10-Hz LC phasic light-mediated learning facilitation is prevented by a dopaminergic antagonist in the PC, or by ventral tegmental area (VTA) silencing with lidocaine, suggesting an LC-VTA-PC dopamine circuitry mediates 10-Hz phasic learning facilitation. Tonic stimulation at 10 Hz did not al...","publisher":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"ABSTRACTThe locus coeruleus (LC), the main source of forebrain norepinephrine, produces phasic and tonic firing patterns that are theorized to have distinct functional consequences. However, how different firing modes affect learning and valence coding of sensory information are unknown. Here bilateral optogenetic activation of rat LC neurons using 10-Hz phasic trains of either 300 msec or 10 sec accelerates acquisition of a food-rewarded similar odor discrimination, but not a dissimilar odor discrimination, consistent with LC-supported enhanced pattern separation and plasticity. Similar odor discrimination learning is impaired by noradrenergic blockade in the piriform cortex (PC). However, here 10-Hz LC phasic light-mediated learning facilitation is prevented by a dopaminergic antagonist in the PC, or by ventral tegmental area (VTA) silencing with lidocaine, suggesting an LC-VTA-PC dopamine circuitry mediates 10-Hz phasic learning facilitation. Tonic stimulation at 10 Hz did not al...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/92454824/Locus_coeruleus_patterns_differentially_modulate_learning_and_valence_in_rat_via_the_ventral_tegmental_area_and_basolateral_amygdala_respectively","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-12-08T16:41:09.346-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":95458762,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95458762/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2020.04.17.047126.full.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95458762/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Locus_coeruleus_patterns_differentially.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/95458762/2020.04.17.047126.full-libre.pdf?1670550112=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLocus_coeruleus_patterns_differentially.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=LPU3vBIg4k7mz1IMnXcDF9QkzFXa8jHU-0pI3QSr20K6WYsXV-Fxm-9wx0hOTVoyw4HOffeqZKR~3DYH~Ndz~Vxgx5bzyoN1A-EcPAhlhB7L2c~pv4SdD0iJeQlDazCXF8gKo7ptwO75a6fPR2wxhMM9U2-O9qWlPAVl4rcgANkTfME16mkHIHjd7YPFwcZDQobvb5Lik4mNRlrNEW57LPwiyz-q4mfNKeH-GqpOYYqjDPiAMsh3Pd96fVHjBsWVtGuFzajJy3Wf1AL0l3Np1SrxW6zTHxPVvt6Pyl5isq8m5KECWaGJNLwniHWea9OxqWKz14-AZhZ-dMM~bMV6Ow__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Locus_coeruleus_patterns_differentially_modulate_learning_and_valence_in_rat_via_the_ventral_tegmental_area_and_basolateral_amygdala_respectively","translated_slug":"","page_count":35,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[{"id":95458762,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95458762/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2020.04.17.047126.full.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95458762/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Locus_coeruleus_patterns_differentially.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/95458762/2020.04.17.047126.full-libre.pdf?1670550112=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLocus_coeruleus_patterns_differentially.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=LPU3vBIg4k7mz1IMnXcDF9QkzFXa8jHU-0pI3QSr20K6WYsXV-Fxm-9wx0hOTVoyw4HOffeqZKR~3DYH~Ndz~Vxgx5bzyoN1A-EcPAhlhB7L2c~pv4SdD0iJeQlDazCXF8gKo7ptwO75a6fPR2wxhMM9U2-O9qWlPAVl4rcgANkTfME16mkHIHjd7YPFwcZDQobvb5Lik4mNRlrNEW57LPwiyz-q4mfNKeH-GqpOYYqjDPiAMsh3Pd96fVHjBsWVtGuFzajJy3Wf1AL0l3Np1SrxW6zTHxPVvt6Pyl5isq8m5KECWaGJNLwniHWea9OxqWKz14-AZhZ-dMM~bMV6Ow__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":161,"name":"Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroscience"},{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology"},{"id":185109,"name":"ODOR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ODOR"},{"id":548890,"name":"Locus coeruleus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Locus_coeruleus"},{"id":767927,"name":"Ventral Tegmental Area","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ventral_Tegmental_Area"},{"id":1959361,"name":"Basolateral Amygdala","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Basolateral_Amygdala"}],"urls":[{"id":26810822,"url":"https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1101/2020.04.17.047126"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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We assessed memory performance and brain concentrations of creatine and its precursor guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) in 14-16-week-old male Yucatan miniature pigs supplemented for 2 weeks with either 200 mg/kg�d creatine (+Cr; n = 7) or equimolar GAA (157 mg/kg�d) (+GAA; n = 8) compared to controls (n = 14). Spatial memory tests had pigs explore distinct sets of objects for 5 min. Objects were spatially controlled, and we assessed exploration times of previously viewed objects relative to novel objects in familiar or novel locations. There was no effect of either supplementation on memory performance, but pigs successfully identified novel objects after 10 (p \u003c 0.01) and 20 min (p \u003c 0.01) retention intervals. Moreover, pigs recognized spatial transfers after 65 min (p \u003c 0.05). Regression analyses identified associations between the ability to identify novel objects in memory tests and concentrations of creatine and GAA in cerebellum, and GAA in prefrontal cortex (p \u003c 0.05). The concentration of creatine in brain regions was not influenced by creatine supplementation, but GAA supplementation increased GAA concentration in cerebellum (p \u003c 0.05), and the prefrontal cortex of +GAA pigs had more creatine/g and less GAA/g compared to +Cr pigs (p \u003c 0.05). Creatine kinase activity and maximal reaction velocity were also higher with GAA supplementation in prefrontal cortex (p \u003c 0.05). In conclusion, there appears to be a relationship between memory performance and guanidino compounds in the cerebellum and prefrontal cortex, but the effects were unrelated to dietary supplementation. The cerebellum is identified as a target site for GAA accretion.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"PLOS ONE","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":92510812},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88559220/Effects_of_supplemental_creatine_and_guanidinoacetic_acid_on_spatial_memory_and_the_brain_of_weaned_Yucatan_miniature_pigs","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-10-16T00:39:24.479-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":92510812,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92510812/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"401630978.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92510812/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Effects_of_supplemental_creatine_and_gua.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92510812/401630978-libre.pdf?1665906313=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffects_of_supplemental_creatine_and_gua.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=Zf4QlcfJhwy5jwhAOqrS6oiGc32iRnVFF~tgV~8T~Pgw-7hkrkgv7k2unwJ86O51aY2xrvjuOPsQcYVcvlMgrujlEzMxA9c1fLDSczJ22QmT1f2vcp2VgpkUw-MwOBQ9PSg3Ok6BIIyo3zHLQpkIiFO~uRUPUrfooAzkVMFBNy48TphQHBTEW9nfBUDwUvrN7FaD10LKHEIU2ZcJbuIroH9vNYYKFQSOmKhJ1l~C2UfLwSbi76vk5piWBDwAzndyE~532q0ZJz19upcwFoQO2A6QMim279ZgQnCAYBCiAIJcLIixmKm11sAoyCthzExwW8MJhDYIeiubmAL-O6CjAA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Effects_of_supplemental_creatine_and_guanidinoacetic_acid_on_spatial_memory_and_the_brain_of_weaned_Yucatan_miniature_pigs","translated_slug":"","page_count":15,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[{"id":92510812,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92510812/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"401630978.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92510812/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Effects_of_supplemental_creatine_and_gua.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92510812/401630978-libre.pdf?1665906313=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffects_of_supplemental_creatine_and_gua.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=Zf4QlcfJhwy5jwhAOqrS6oiGc32iRnVFF~tgV~8T~Pgw-7hkrkgv7k2unwJ86O51aY2xrvjuOPsQcYVcvlMgrujlEzMxA9c1fLDSczJ22QmT1f2vcp2VgpkUw-MwOBQ9PSg3Ok6BIIyo3zHLQpkIiFO~uRUPUrfooAzkVMFBNy48TphQHBTEW9nfBUDwUvrN7FaD10LKHEIU2ZcJbuIroH9vNYYKFQSOmKhJ1l~C2UfLwSbi76vk5piWBDwAzndyE~532q0ZJz19upcwFoQO2A6QMim279ZgQnCAYBCiAIJcLIixmKm11sAoyCthzExwW8MJhDYIeiubmAL-O6CjAA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":13777,"name":"Creatine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creatine"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"},{"id":28576,"name":"Prefrontal Cortex","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prefrontal_Cortex"},{"id":204436,"name":"Creatine Kinase","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creatine_Kinase"},{"id":220780,"name":"PLoS one","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PLoS_one"}],"urls":[{"id":24808449,"url":"https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226806"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="88559146"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/88559146/An_experimental_model_of_Braak_s_pretangle_proposal_for_the_origin_of_Alzheimer_s_disease_the_role_of_locus_coeruleus_in_early_symptom_development"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of An experimental model of Braak’s pretangle proposal for the origin of Alzheimer’s disease: the role of locus coeruleus in early symptom development" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92510736/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/88559146/An_experimental_model_of_Braak_s_pretangle_proposal_for_the_origin_of_Alzheimer_s_disease_the_role_of_locus_coeruleus_in_early_symptom_development">An experimental model of Braak’s pretangle proposal for the origin of Alzheimer’s disease: the role of locus coeruleus in early symptom development</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Alzheimer's Research &amp; Therapy</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6140aff3bc5e9afaf1d41f3de9b4b8c9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92510736,"asset_id":88559146,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92510736/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="88559146"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="88559146"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88559146; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88559146]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88559146]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88559146; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='88559146']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 88559146, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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Braak characterizes five pretangle tau stages preceding AD tangles. Pretangles begin in young humans and persist in the LC while spreading from there to other neuromodulatory neurons and, later, to the cortex. While LC pretangles appear in all by age 40, they do not necessarily result in AD prior to death. However, with age and pretangle spread, more individuals progress to AD stages. LC neurons are lost late, at Braak stages III-IV, when memory deficits appear. It is not clear if LC hyperphosphorylated tau generates the pathology and cognitive changes associated with preclinical AD. We use a rat model expressing pseudohyperphosphorylated human tau in LC to investigate the hypothesis that LC pretangles generate preclinical Alzheimer pathology. Methods: We infused an adeno-associated viral vector carrying a human tau gene pseudophosphorylated at 14 sites common in LC pretangles into 2-3-or 14-16-month TH-Cre rats. We used odor discrimination to probe LC dysfunction, and we evaluated LC cell and fiber loss. Results: Abnormal human tau was expressed in LC and exhibited somatodendritic mislocalization. In rats infused at 2-3 months old, 4 months post-infusion abnormal LC tau had transferred to the serotonergic raphe neurons. After 7 months, difficult similar odor discrimination learning was impaired. Impairment was associated with reduced LC axonal density in the olfactory cortex and upregulated β1-adrenoceptors. LC infusions in 14-16-month-old rats resulted in more severe outcomes. By 5-6 months post-infusion, rats were impaired even in simple odor discrimination learning. LC neuron number was reduced. Human tau appeared in the microglia and cortical neurons. Conclusions: Our animal model suggests, for the first time, that Braak's hypothesis that human AD originates with pretangle stages is plausible. LC pretangle progression here generates both preclinical AD pathological changes and cognitive decline. The odor discrimination deficits are similar to human odor identification deficits seen with aging and preclinical AD. When initiated in aged rats, pretangle stages progress rapidly and cause LC cell loss. These age-related outcomes are associated with a severe learning impairment consistent with memory decline in Braak stages III-IV.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Alzheimer's Research \u0026amp; Therapy","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":92510736},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88559146/An_experimental_model_of_Braak_s_pretangle_proposal_for_the_origin_of_Alzheimer_s_disease_the_role_of_locus_coeruleus_in_early_symptom_development","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-10-16T00:36:42.537-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":92510736,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92510736/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s13195-019-0511-2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92510736/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"An_experimental_model_of_Braak_s_pretang.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92510736/s13195-019-0511-2-libre.pdf?1665906314=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_experimental_model_of_Braak_s_pretang.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=VsGPkWli8jApCX-8Qq3JNm-k2wrq0ZcX6PIMZnSLGT3pa5-kqV8yp3hgQnJYAPZjXO8u0ScnuuXCYD5VU5HhDC3hH1C-72qtZv9YyCbaZBWoq6DDFgDWq8nV3wmE4hyE2fU3x3M0-wLhdjWRht70ZHole9Yzh8~0asgw9ZGLkq~OTI1U~9XdQWLexIw3v7wimDaENEeyDOwwxQsF0oRSiwbbJZlQB~-fgzg-WElJRnV5Jy2oXCkoGX4vSLPBvRYwudWWxrX66o4dfW40UlnwZ29B~bIWAOBCW8iIHyHPaDEGyQs~KRoYkUR-2oeyN9o-wTdlOeCpJgBzY1-ZIr9tYw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"An_experimental_model_of_Braak_s_pretangle_proposal_for_the_origin_of_Alzheimer_s_disease_the_role_of_locus_coeruleus_in_early_symptom_development","translated_slug":"","page_count":17,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[{"id":92510736,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92510736/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s13195-019-0511-2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92510736/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"An_experimental_model_of_Braak_s_pretang.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92510736/s13195-019-0511-2-libre.pdf?1665906314=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_experimental_model_of_Braak_s_pretang.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=VsGPkWli8jApCX-8Qq3JNm-k2wrq0ZcX6PIMZnSLGT3pa5-kqV8yp3hgQnJYAPZjXO8u0ScnuuXCYD5VU5HhDC3hH1C-72qtZv9YyCbaZBWoq6DDFgDWq8nV3wmE4hyE2fU3x3M0-wLhdjWRht70ZHole9Yzh8~0asgw9ZGLkq~OTI1U~9XdQWLexIw3v7wimDaENEeyDOwwxQsF0oRSiwbbJZlQB~-fgzg-WElJRnV5Jy2oXCkoGX4vSLPBvRYwudWWxrX66o4dfW40UlnwZ29B~bIWAOBCW8iIHyHPaDEGyQs~KRoYkUR-2oeyN9o-wTdlOeCpJgBzY1-ZIr9tYw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":161,"name":"Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroscience"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":548890,"name":"Locus coeruleus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Locus_coeruleus"},{"id":953559,"name":"Tauopathy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tauopathy"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"}],"urls":[{"id":24808407,"url":"http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s13195-019-0511-2.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="80950471"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950471/Brain_Creatine_is_associated_with_cognitive_function_but_dietary_supplementation_does_not_affect_memory_performance_in_the_young_Yucatan_miniature_pig"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Brain Creatine is associated with cognitive function but dietary supplementation does not affect memory performance in the young Yucatan miniature pig" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950471/Brain_Creatine_is_associated_with_cognitive_function_but_dietary_supplementation_does_not_affect_memory_performance_in_the_young_Yucatan_miniature_pig">Brain Creatine is associated with cognitive function but dietary supplementation does not affect memory performance in the young Yucatan miniature pig</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The FASEB Journal</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="80950471"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80950471"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950471; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950471]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950471]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950471; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='80950471']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80950471, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="80950470"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950470/The_a_b_c_s_of_pretangle_tau_and_their_relation_to_aging_and_the_risk_of_Alzheimer_s_Disease"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The ‘a, b, c’s of pretangle tau and their relation to aging and the risk of Alzheimer’s Disease" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950470/The_a_b_c_s_of_pretangle_tau_and_their_relation_to_aging_and_the_risk_of_Alzheimer_s_Disease">The ‘a, b, c’s of pretangle tau and their relation to aging and the risk of Alzheimer’s Disease</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Braak has described the beginnings of Alzheimer&#39;s Disease as occurring in the locus coeruleus...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Braak has described the beginnings of Alzheimer&#39;s Disease as occurring in the locus coeruleus. Here we review these pretangle stages and relate their expression to recently described normal features of tau biology. We suggest pretangle tau depends on characteristics of locus coeruleus operation that promote tau condensates. We examine the timeline of pretangle and tangle appearance in locus coeruleus. We find catastrophic loss of locus coeruleus neurons is a late event. The strong relationship between locus coeruleus neuron number and human cognition underscores the utility of a focus on locus coeruleus. Promoting locus coeruleus health will benefit normal aging as well as aid in the prevention of dementia. Two animal models offering experimental approaches to understanding the functional change initiated by pretangles in locus coeruleus neurons are discussed.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="80950470"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80950470"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950470; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950470]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950470]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950470; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='80950470']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80950470, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=80950470]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":80950470,"title":"The ‘a, b, c’s of pretangle tau and their relation to aging and the risk of Alzheimer’s Disease","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Braak has described the beginnings of Alzheimer\u0026#39;s Disease as occurring in the locus coeruleus. Here we review these pretangle stages and relate their expression to recently described normal features of tau biology. We suggest pretangle tau depends on characteristics of locus coeruleus operation that promote tau condensates. We examine the timeline of pretangle and tangle appearance in locus coeruleus. We find catastrophic loss of locus coeruleus neurons is a late event. The strong relationship between locus coeruleus neuron number and human cognition underscores the utility of a focus on locus coeruleus. Promoting locus coeruleus health will benefit normal aging as well as aid in the prevention of dementia. Two animal models offering experimental approaches to understanding the functional change initiated by pretangles in locus coeruleus neurons are discussed.","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Seminars in Cell \u0026 Developmental Biology"},"translated_abstract":"Braak has described the beginnings of Alzheimer\u0026#39;s Disease as occurring in the locus coeruleus. Here we review these pretangle stages and relate their expression to recently described normal features of tau biology. We suggest pretangle tau depends on characteristics of locus coeruleus operation that promote tau condensates. We examine the timeline of pretangle and tangle appearance in locus coeruleus. We find catastrophic loss of locus coeruleus neurons is a late event. The strong relationship between locus coeruleus neuron number and human cognition underscores the utility of a focus on locus coeruleus. Promoting locus coeruleus health will benefit normal aging as well as aid in the prevention of dementia. Two animal models offering experimental approaches to understanding the functional change initiated by pretangles in locus coeruleus neurons are discussed.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/80950470/The_a_b_c_s_of_pretangle_tau_and_their_relation_to_aging_and_the_risk_of_Alzheimer_s_Disease","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-06-07T13:02:05.136-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"The_a_b_c_s_of_pretangle_tau_and_their_relation_to_aging_and_the_risk_of_Alzheimer_s_Disease","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":99773,"name":"Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disease"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology"},{"id":3789883,"name":"Paediatrics and reproductive medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paediatrics_and_reproductive_medicine"}],"urls":[{"id":21201658,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1084952120302044?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="80950469"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950469/Lesions_to_the_lateral_mammillary_nuclei_disrupt_spatial_learning_in_rats"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Lesions to the lateral mammillary nuclei disrupt spatial learning in rats" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950469/Lesions_to_the_lateral_mammillary_nuclei_disrupt_spatial_learning_in_rats">Lesions to the lateral mammillary nuclei disrupt spatial learning in rats</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Behavioral Neuroscience</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The head direction (HD) signal is thought to originate in the reciprocal connections between the ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The head direction (HD) signal is thought to originate in the reciprocal connections between the dorsal tegmental nuclei (DTN) and the lateral mammillary nuclei (LMN) and lesions to these structures disrupt the HD signal in downstream structures. Lesions to the DTN also disrupt performance on spatial tasks where directional heading is thought to be important. In Experiment 1, rats with bilateral electrolytic lesions of the LMN and sham controls were trained on 2 tasks previously shown to be sensitive to DTN damage. Rats were first trained on either a direction or rotation problem in a water T maze. LMN-lesioned rats were impaired relative to sham controls, on both the first block of 8 trials and on the total number of trials taken to reach criterion. In the food-foraging task, rats were trained to leave a home cage at the periphery of a circular table, find food in a food cup at the center of the table, and return to the home cage. Again, LMN-lesioned rats were impaired relative to sham rats, making more errors on the return component of the foraging trip. In Experiment 2, rats with electrolytic LMN lesions were also impaired on a dry land version of the direction and rotation problems and had difficulty discriminating between reinforced and nonreinforced locations on a 12-arm maze. These results build on previous behavioral and cell-recording studies and demonstrate the importance of the direction system to spatial learning. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="80950469"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80950469"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950469; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950469]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950469]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950469; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='80950469']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80950469, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=80950469]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":80950469,"title":"Lesions to the lateral mammillary nuclei disrupt spatial learning in rats","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The head direction (HD) signal is thought to originate in the reciprocal connections between the dorsal tegmental nuclei (DTN) and the lateral mammillary nuclei (LMN) and lesions to these structures disrupt the HD signal in downstream structures. Lesions to the DTN also disrupt performance on spatial tasks where directional heading is thought to be important. In Experiment 1, rats with bilateral electrolytic lesions of the LMN and sham controls were trained on 2 tasks previously shown to be sensitive to DTN damage. Rats were first trained on either a direction or rotation problem in a water T maze. LMN-lesioned rats were impaired relative to sham controls, on both the first block of 8 trials and on the total number of trials taken to reach criterion. In the food-foraging task, rats were trained to leave a home cage at the periphery of a circular table, find food in a food cup at the center of the table, and return to the home cage. Again, LMN-lesioned rats were impaired relative to sham rats, making more errors on the return component of the foraging trip. In Experiment 2, rats with electrolytic LMN lesions were also impaired on a dry land version of the direction and rotation problems and had difficulty discriminating between reinforced and nonreinforced locations on a 12-arm maze. These results build on previous behavioral and cell-recording studies and demonstrate the importance of the direction system to spatial learning. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).","publisher":"American Psychological Association (APA)","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Behavioral Neuroscience"},"translated_abstract":"The head direction (HD) signal is thought to originate in the reciprocal connections between the dorsal tegmental nuclei (DTN) and the lateral mammillary nuclei (LMN) and lesions to these structures disrupt the HD signal in downstream structures. Lesions to the DTN also disrupt performance on spatial tasks where directional heading is thought to be important. In Experiment 1, rats with bilateral electrolytic lesions of the LMN and sham controls were trained on 2 tasks previously shown to be sensitive to DTN damage. Rats were first trained on either a direction or rotation problem in a water T maze. LMN-lesioned rats were impaired relative to sham controls, on both the first block of 8 trials and on the total number of trials taken to reach criterion. In the food-foraging task, rats were trained to leave a home cage at the periphery of a circular table, find food in a food cup at the center of the table, and return to the home cage. Again, LMN-lesioned rats were impaired relative to sham rats, making more errors on the return component of the foraging trip. In Experiment 2, rats with electrolytic LMN lesions were also impaired on a dry land version of the direction and rotation problems and had difficulty discriminating between reinforced and nonreinforced locations on a 12-arm maze. These results build on previous behavioral and cell-recording studies and demonstrate the importance of the direction system to spatial learning. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/80950469/Lesions_to_the_lateral_mammillary_nuclei_disrupt_spatial_learning_in_rats","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-06-07T13:02:04.878-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Lesions_to_the_lateral_mammillary_nuclei_disrupt_spatial_learning_in_rats","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":30601,"name":"Behavioral Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Behavioral_Neuroscience"},{"id":1239755,"name":"Neurosciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurosciences"}],"urls":[{"id":21201657,"url":"http://psycnet.apa.org/psycarticles/2019-62710-001.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="80950468"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950468/Single_injection_of_rapamycin_blocks_post_food_restriction_hyperphagia_and_body_weight_regain_in_rats"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Single injection of rapamycin blocks post–food restriction hyperphagia and body-weight regain in rats" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950468/Single_injection_of_rapamycin_blocks_post_food_restriction_hyperphagia_and_body_weight_regain_in_rats">Single injection of rapamycin blocks post–food restriction hyperphagia and body-weight regain in rats</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Behavioral Neuroscience</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Given the increasing prevalence of and severity of complications associated with obesity, there i...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Given the increasing prevalence of and severity of complications associated with obesity, there is great need for treatments resulting in prolonged weight loss. Long-term maintenance of weight loss requires sustained changes in food-intake and energy-expenditure strategies, which are unfortunately often taxing, resulting in a return to predieting weight. Therefore, drug therapies may facilitate greater adherence to a restricted diet and prolong weight loss. One such drug is rapamycin (RAP), a mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor. Here, we show that a single injection of RAP dampens the hyperphagic response in calorically restricted rats when they are returned to free feed immediately or 10 days after injection. Moreover, we demonstrate that a single injection of RAP given to calorically restricted rats prevents body-weight regain when animals are returned to free feed either immediately or 10 days after injection. Furthermore, we extend our previous findings that RAP does not produce malaise or illness and show that RAP does not produce any behavioral deficits that may inhibit an animal from eating. Thus, we suggest that mTOR may be a useful target in obesity research, given that its inhibition may decrease the hyperphagic response following caloric restriction.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="80950468"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80950468"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950468; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950468]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950468]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950468; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='80950468']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80950468, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=80950468]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":80950468,"title":"Single injection of rapamycin blocks post–food restriction hyperphagia and body-weight regain in rats","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Given the increasing prevalence of and severity of complications associated with obesity, there is great need for treatments resulting in prolonged weight loss. Long-term maintenance of weight loss requires sustained changes in food-intake and energy-expenditure strategies, which are unfortunately often taxing, resulting in a return to predieting weight. Therefore, drug therapies may facilitate greater adherence to a restricted diet and prolong weight loss. One such drug is rapamycin (RAP), a mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor. Here, we show that a single injection of RAP dampens the hyperphagic response in calorically restricted rats when they are returned to free feed immediately or 10 days after injection. Moreover, we demonstrate that a single injection of RAP given to calorically restricted rats prevents body-weight regain when animals are returned to free feed either immediately or 10 days after injection. Furthermore, we extend our previous findings that RAP does not produce malaise or illness and show that RAP does not produce any behavioral deficits that may inhibit an animal from eating. Thus, we suggest that mTOR may be a useful target in obesity research, given that its inhibition may decrease the hyperphagic response following caloric restriction.","publisher":"American Psychological Association (APA)","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Behavioral Neuroscience"},"translated_abstract":"Given the increasing prevalence of and severity of complications associated with obesity, there is great need for treatments resulting in prolonged weight loss. Long-term maintenance of weight loss requires sustained changes in food-intake and energy-expenditure strategies, which are unfortunately often taxing, resulting in a return to predieting weight. Therefore, drug therapies may facilitate greater adherence to a restricted diet and prolong weight loss. One such drug is rapamycin (RAP), a mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor. Here, we show that a single injection of RAP dampens the hyperphagic response in calorically restricted rats when they are returned to free feed immediately or 10 days after injection. Moreover, we demonstrate that a single injection of RAP given to calorically restricted rats prevents body-weight regain when animals are returned to free feed either immediately or 10 days after injection. Furthermore, we extend our previous findings that RAP does not produce malaise or illness and show that RAP does not produce any behavioral deficits that may inhibit an animal from eating. Thus, we suggest that mTOR may be a useful target in obesity research, given that its inhibition may decrease the hyperphagic response following caloric restriction.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/80950468/Single_injection_of_rapamycin_blocks_post_food_restriction_hyperphagia_and_body_weight_regain_in_rats","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-06-07T13:02:04.613-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Single_injection_of_rapamycin_blocks_post_food_restriction_hyperphagia_and_body_weight_regain_in_rats","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":30601,"name":"Behavioral Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Behavioral_Neuroscience"},{"id":1239755,"name":"Neurosciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurosciences"}],"urls":[{"id":21201656,"url":"http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/bne/133/1/98.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="80950467"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950467/Examination_of_factors_which_might_disrupt_a_learned_association_between_pentobarbital_and_LiCl"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Examination of factors which might disrupt a learned association between pentobarbital and LiCl" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950467/Examination_of_factors_which_might_disrupt_a_learned_association_between_pentobarbital_and_LiCl">Examination of factors which might disrupt a learned association between pentobarbital and LiCl</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Learning and Motivation</span><span>, 1982</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACT Injections of a sedative dose of pentobarbital (Pent) were followed 30 min later by inje...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ABSTRACT Injections of a sedative dose of pentobarbital (Pent) were followed 30 min later by injections of a toxic dose of lithium chloride (LiCl). As a result of these Pent →LiCl pairings, injections of Pent after consumption of saccharin solution failed to produce the usual saccharin aversion. This loss of the capacity of Pent to produce a flavor aversion is called Avfail. Experiment 1 showed that the Avfail effect was obtained with saccharin even though the rats consumed a novel vinegar solution prior to the Pent→LiCl pairings in Phase 1. This was surprising since the novel flavor was associated with the LiCl and ought to have overshadowed the association of Pent with LiCl. Experiment 2 showed that one set of Pent→LiCl pairings can produce two Avfail effects in sequence: the first with a novel flavor and the second with a flavor previously paired with LiCl sickness. It also showed that insertion of Pent injections and handling cues between the Pent→LiCl and the Flavor→Pent phases did not reduce the magnitude of Avfail. Experiment 3 showed that the Avfail effect was not disrupted by the insertion of 54 saline injections between the Pent→LiCl and Flavor→Pent pairings, nor by interposing 26 saline injections between each pair of Flavor→Pent trials. This seemed to exclude an important role for injection cues. Experiment 3 also showed that 4 exposures to Pent and 50 exposures to saline between the Pent→LiCl trials and the Flavor→Pent trials and 26 exposures to saline injections between each pair of Flavor→Pent trials did not reduce the magnitude of Avfail. The same exposure to Pent and saline injections did reduce the magnitude of the saccharin aversion shown by the LiCl→Pent group. These data are viewed as consistent with Lett&amp;#39;s (Drug-drug associations: Evidence for the conditioning of a compensatory response. Paper presented at a meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association, New York, 1981) suggestion that Avfail represents a learned antisickness response.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="80950467"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80950467"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950467; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950467]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950467]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950467; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='80950467']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80950467, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=80950467]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":80950467,"title":"Examination of factors which might disrupt a learned association between pentobarbital and LiCl","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"ABSTRACT Injections of a sedative dose of pentobarbital (Pent) were followed 30 min later by injections of a toxic dose of lithium chloride (LiCl). As a result of these Pent →LiCl pairings, injections of Pent after consumption of saccharin solution failed to produce the usual saccharin aversion. This loss of the capacity of Pent to produce a flavor aversion is called Avfail. Experiment 1 showed that the Avfail effect was obtained with saccharin even though the rats consumed a novel vinegar solution prior to the Pent→LiCl pairings in Phase 1. This was surprising since the novel flavor was associated with the LiCl and ought to have overshadowed the association of Pent with LiCl. Experiment 2 showed that one set of Pent→LiCl pairings can produce two Avfail effects in sequence: the first with a novel flavor and the second with a flavor previously paired with LiCl sickness. It also showed that insertion of Pent injections and handling cues between the Pent→LiCl and the Flavor→Pent phases did not reduce the magnitude of Avfail. Experiment 3 showed that the Avfail effect was not disrupted by the insertion of 54 saline injections between the Pent→LiCl and Flavor→Pent pairings, nor by interposing 26 saline injections between each pair of Flavor→Pent trials. This seemed to exclude an important role for injection cues. Experiment 3 also showed that 4 exposures to Pent and 50 exposures to saline between the Pent→LiCl trials and the Flavor→Pent trials and 26 exposures to saline injections between each pair of Flavor→Pent trials did not reduce the magnitude of Avfail. The same exposure to Pent and saline injections did reduce the magnitude of the saccharin aversion shown by the LiCl→Pent group. These data are viewed as consistent with Lett\u0026amp;#39;s (Drug-drug associations: Evidence for the conditioning of a compensatory response. Paper presented at a meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association, New York, 1981) suggestion that Avfail represents a learned antisickness response.","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1982,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Learning and Motivation"},"translated_abstract":"ABSTRACT Injections of a sedative dose of pentobarbital (Pent) were followed 30 min later by injections of a toxic dose of lithium chloride (LiCl). As a result of these Pent →LiCl pairings, injections of Pent after consumption of saccharin solution failed to produce the usual saccharin aversion. This loss of the capacity of Pent to produce a flavor aversion is called Avfail. Experiment 1 showed that the Avfail effect was obtained with saccharin even though the rats consumed a novel vinegar solution prior to the Pent→LiCl pairings in Phase 1. This was surprising since the novel flavor was associated with the LiCl and ought to have overshadowed the association of Pent with LiCl. Experiment 2 showed that one set of Pent→LiCl pairings can produce two Avfail effects in sequence: the first with a novel flavor and the second with a flavor previously paired with LiCl sickness. It also showed that insertion of Pent injections and handling cues between the Pent→LiCl and the Flavor→Pent phases did not reduce the magnitude of Avfail. Experiment 3 showed that the Avfail effect was not disrupted by the insertion of 54 saline injections between the Pent→LiCl and Flavor→Pent pairings, nor by interposing 26 saline injections between each pair of Flavor→Pent trials. This seemed to exclude an important role for injection cues. Experiment 3 also showed that 4 exposures to Pent and 50 exposures to saline between the Pent→LiCl trials and the Flavor→Pent trials and 26 exposures to saline injections between each pair of Flavor→Pent trials did not reduce the magnitude of Avfail. The same exposure to Pent and saline injections did reduce the magnitude of the saccharin aversion shown by the LiCl→Pent group. These data are viewed as consistent with Lett\u0026amp;#39;s (Drug-drug associations: Evidence for the conditioning of a compensatory response. Paper presented at a meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association, New York, 1981) suggestion that Avfail represents a learned antisickness response.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/80950467/Examination_of_factors_which_might_disrupt_a_learned_association_between_pentobarbital_and_LiCl","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-06-07T13:02:04.438-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Examination_of_factors_which_might_disrupt_a_learned_association_between_pentobarbital_and_LiCl","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":569499,"name":"Learning Motivation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_Motivation"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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However, how different firing modes affect learning and valence encoding of sensory information are unknown. Here, we show bilateral optogenetic activation of rat LC neurons using 10-Hz phasic trains of either 300 ms or 10 s accelerated acquisition of a similar odor discrimination. Similar odor discrimination learning was impaired by noradrenergic blockade in the piriform cortex (PC). However, 10-Hz phasic light-mediated learning facilitation was prevented by a dopaminergic antagonist in the PC, or by ventral tegmental area (VTA) silencing with lidocaine, suggesting a LC–VTA–PC dopamine circuitry involvement. Ten-hertz tonic stimulation did not alter odor discrimination acquisition, and was ineffective in activating VTA DA neurons. For valence encoding, tonic stimulation at 25 Hz induced conditioned odor aversion, whereas 10-Hz phasic stimulations produced ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="acdd153e8f0d7bc992eb58d57c5f895d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83402109,"asset_id":75758896,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83402109/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="75758896"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75758896"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75758896; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75758896]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75758896]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75758896; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='75758896']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75758896, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "acdd153e8f0d7bc992eb58d57c5f895d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=75758896]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":75758896,"title":"Locus Coeruleus Activation Patterns Differentially Modulate Odor Discrimination Learning and Odor Valence in Rats","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The locus coeruleus (LC) produces phasic and tonic firing patterns that are theorized to have distinct functional consequences. 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Distal Cue Use Requires Sensitivity to Start Location Change in the Rat</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Proc</span><span>, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Place learning is impaired when a single plus maze is moved between adjacent locations 33–120 cm ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Place learning is impaired when a single plus maze is moved between adjacent locations 33–120 cm apart. This maze translation creates distinct start locations but maintains a single goal location with respect to distal cues. 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class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Phasic norepinephrine (NE) release events are involved in arousal, novelty detection and in plasticity processes underlying learning and memory in mammalian systems. Although the effects of phasic NE release events on plasticity and memory are prevalently documented, it is less understood what effects chronic NE reuptake inhibition and sustained increases in noradrenergic tone, might have on plasticity and cognitive processes in rodent models of learning and memory. This study investigates the effects of chronic NE reuptake inhibition on hippocampal plasticity and memory in rats. Rats were administered NE reuptake inhibitors (NRIs) desipramine (DMI; 0, 3, or 7.5mg/kg/day) or nortriptyline (NTP; 0, 10 or 20mg/kg/day) in drinking water. Long-term potentiation (LTP; 200Hz) of the perforant path-dentate gyrus evoked potential was examined in urethane anesthetized rats after 30-32days of DMI treatment. Short- (4-h) and long-term (24-h) spatial memory was tested in separate rats administered 0 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI (25-30days) using a two-trial spatial memory test. Additionally, the effects of chronically administered DMI and NTP were tested in rats using a two-trial, Object Recognition Test (ORT) at 2- and 24-h after 45 and 60days of drug administration. Rats administered 3 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI had attenuated LTP of the EPSP slope but not the population spike at the perforant path-dentate gyrus synapse. Short- and long-term memory for objects is differentially disrupted in rats after prolonged administration of DMI and NTP. Rats that were administered 7.5mg/kg/day DMI showed decreased memory for a two-trial spatial task when tested at 4-h. In the novel ORT, rats receiving 0 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI showed a preference for the arm containing a Novel object when tested at both 2- and 24-h demonstrating both short- and long-term memory retention of the Familiar object. Rats that received either dose of NTP or 3mg/kg/day DMI showed impaired memory at 2-h, however this impairment was largely reversed at 24-h. Animals in the high-dose NTP (20mg/kg/day) group were impaired at both short- and long-term intervals. Activity levels, used as an index of location memory during the ORT, demonstrated that rats receiving DMI were again impaired at retaining memory for location. DMI dose-dependently disrupts LTP in the dentate gyrus of anesthetized rats and also disrupts memory for tests of spatial memory when administered for long periods.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60477468"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60477468"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60477468; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60477468]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60477468]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60477468; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60477468']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 60477468, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60477468]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60477468,"title":"The effects of prolonged administration of norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors on long-term potentiation in dentate gyrus, and on tests of spatial and object recognition memory in rats","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Phasic norepinephrine (NE) release events are involved in arousal, novelty detection and in plasticity processes underlying learning and memory in mammalian systems. Although the effects of phasic NE release events on plasticity and memory are prevalently documented, it is less understood what effects chronic NE reuptake inhibition and sustained increases in noradrenergic tone, might have on plasticity and cognitive processes in rodent models of learning and memory. This study investigates the effects of chronic NE reuptake inhibition on hippocampal plasticity and memory in rats. Rats were administered NE reuptake inhibitors (NRIs) desipramine (DMI; 0, 3, or 7.5mg/kg/day) or nortriptyline (NTP; 0, 10 or 20mg/kg/day) in drinking water. Long-term potentiation (LTP; 200Hz) of the perforant path-dentate gyrus evoked potential was examined in urethane anesthetized rats after 30-32days of DMI treatment. Short- (4-h) and long-term (24-h) spatial memory was tested in separate rats administered 0 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI (25-30days) using a two-trial spatial memory test. Additionally, the effects of chronically administered DMI and NTP were tested in rats using a two-trial, Object Recognition Test (ORT) at 2- and 24-h after 45 and 60days of drug administration. Rats administered 3 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI had attenuated LTP of the EPSP slope but not the population spike at the perforant path-dentate gyrus synapse. Short- and long-term memory for objects is differentially disrupted in rats after prolonged administration of DMI and NTP. Rats that were administered 7.5mg/kg/day DMI showed decreased memory for a two-trial spatial task when tested at 4-h. In the novel ORT, rats receiving 0 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI showed a preference for the arm containing a Novel object when tested at both 2- and 24-h demonstrating both short- and long-term memory retention of the Familiar object. Rats that received either dose of NTP or 3mg/kg/day DMI showed impaired memory at 2-h, however this impairment was largely reversed at 24-h. Animals in the high-dose NTP (20mg/kg/day) group were impaired at both short- and long-term intervals. Activity levels, used as an index of location memory during the ORT, demonstrated that rats receiving DMI were again impaired at retaining memory for location. DMI dose-dependently disrupts LTP in the dentate gyrus of anesthetized rats and also disrupts memory for tests of spatial memory when administered for long periods.","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory"},"translated_abstract":"Phasic norepinephrine (NE) release events are involved in arousal, novelty detection and in plasticity processes underlying learning and memory in mammalian systems. Although the effects of phasic NE release events on plasticity and memory are prevalently documented, it is less understood what effects chronic NE reuptake inhibition and sustained increases in noradrenergic tone, might have on plasticity and cognitive processes in rodent models of learning and memory. This study investigates the effects of chronic NE reuptake inhibition on hippocampal plasticity and memory in rats. Rats were administered NE reuptake inhibitors (NRIs) desipramine (DMI; 0, 3, or 7.5mg/kg/day) or nortriptyline (NTP; 0, 10 or 20mg/kg/day) in drinking water. Long-term potentiation (LTP; 200Hz) of the perforant path-dentate gyrus evoked potential was examined in urethane anesthetized rats after 30-32days of DMI treatment. Short- (4-h) and long-term (24-h) spatial memory was tested in separate rats administered 0 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI (25-30days) using a two-trial spatial memory test. Additionally, the effects of chronically administered DMI and NTP were tested in rats using a two-trial, Object Recognition Test (ORT) at 2- and 24-h after 45 and 60days of drug administration. Rats administered 3 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI had attenuated LTP of the EPSP slope but not the population spike at the perforant path-dentate gyrus synapse. Short- and long-term memory for objects is differentially disrupted in rats after prolonged administration of DMI and NTP. Rats that were administered 7.5mg/kg/day DMI showed decreased memory for a two-trial spatial task when tested at 4-h. In the novel ORT, rats receiving 0 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI showed a preference for the arm containing a Novel object when tested at both 2- and 24-h demonstrating both short- and long-term memory retention of the Familiar object. Rats that received either dose of NTP or 3mg/kg/day DMI showed impaired memory at 2-h, however this impairment was largely reversed at 24-h. Animals in the high-dose NTP (20mg/kg/day) group were impaired at both short- and long-term intervals. Activity levels, used as an index of location memory during the ORT, demonstrated that rats receiving DMI were again impaired at retaining memory for location. DMI dose-dependently disrupts LTP in the dentate gyrus of anesthetized rats and also disrupts memory for tests of spatial memory when administered for long periods.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60477468/The_effects_of_prolonged_administration_of_norepinephrine_reuptake_inhibitors_on_long_term_potentiation_in_dentate_gyrus_and_on_tests_of_spatial_and_object_recognition_memory_in_rats","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-10-30T17:01:42.599-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"The_effects_of_prolonged_administration_of_norepinephrine_reuptake_inhibitors_on_long_term_potentiation_in_dentate_gyrus_and_on_tests_of_spatial_and_object_recognition_memory_in_rats","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":4163,"name":"Spatial Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Memory"},{"id":4247,"name":"Long Term Potentiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Term_Potentiation"},{"id":11103,"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurobiology_of_Learning_and_Memory"},{"id":17113,"name":"Face recognition (Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Face_recognition_Psychology_"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals"},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male"},{"id":235189,"name":"Norepinephrine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Norepinephrine"},{"id":246876,"name":"Dentate Gyrus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dentate_Gyrus"},{"id":375054,"name":"Rats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rats"},{"id":522464,"name":"Short Term Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Short_Term_Memory"},{"id":522465,"name":"Long Term Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Term_Memory"},{"id":2673056,"name":"desipramine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/desipramine"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"},{"id":3765961,"name":"Nortriptyline","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nortriptyline"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="3980960" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125420857"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125420857/Sprague_Dawley_rats_differ_in_responses_to_medial_perforant_path_paired_pulse_and_tetanic_activation_as_a_function_of_sex_and_age"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Sprague-Dawley rats differ in responses to medial perforant path paired pulse and tetanic activation as a function of sex and age" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119467257/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125420857/Sprague_Dawley_rats_differ_in_responses_to_medial_perforant_path_paired_pulse_and_tetanic_activation_as_a_function_of_sex_and_age">Sprague-Dawley rats differ in responses to medial perforant path paired pulse and tetanic activation as a function of sex and age</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)</span><span>, Oct 7, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="26a4f1ffa283c6c333e65f89041cbeae" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119467257,"asset_id":125420857,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119467257/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125420857"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125420857"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125420857; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="125420813"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/125420813/A_short_pre_conception_bout_of_predation_risk_affects_both_children_and_grandchildren"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A short pre-conception bout of predation risk affects both children and grandchildren" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119467240/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/125420813/A_short_pre_conception_bout_of_predation_risk_affects_both_children_and_grandchildren">A short pre-conception bout of predation risk affects both children and grandchildren</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Scientific Reports</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Traumatic events that affect physiology and behavior in the current generation may also impact fu...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Traumatic events that affect physiology and behavior in the current generation may also impact future generations. We demonstrate that an ecologically realistic degree of predation risk prior to conception causes lasting changes in the first filial (F1) and second filial (F2) generations. We exposed male and female mice to a live rat (predator stress) or control (non-predator) condition for 5 min. Ten days later, stressed males and females were bred together as were control males and females. Adult F1 offspring from preconception-stressed parents responded to a mild stressor with more anxiety-like behavior and hyperarousal than offspring from control parents. Exposing these F1 offspring to the mild stressor increased neuronal activity (cFOS) in the hippocampus and altered glucocorticoid system function peripherally (plasma corticosterone levels). Even without the mild stressor, F1 offspring from preconception-stressed parents still exhibited more anxiety-like behaviors than controls...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c32e50549428a7a6fa2fc0640a88729d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119467240,"asset_id":125420813,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119467240/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="125420813"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="125420813"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125420813; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125420813]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=125420813]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 125420813; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='125420813']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 125420813, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c32e50549428a7a6fa2fc0640a88729d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=125420813]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":125420813,"title":"A short pre-conception bout of predation risk affects both children and grandchildren","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Traumatic events that affect physiology and behavior in the current generation may also impact future generations. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="102088334"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/102088334/The_representation_in_memory_of_morphine_s_unconditioned_motivational_effects_depends_on_the_nature_of_the_conditioned_stimulus"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The representation in memory of morphine’s unconditioned motivational effects depends on the nature of the conditioned stimulus" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/102446133/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/102088334/The_representation_in_memory_of_morphine_s_unconditioned_motivational_effects_depends_on_the_nature_of_the_conditioned_stimulus">The representation in memory of morphine’s unconditioned motivational effects depends on the nature of the conditioned stimulus</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Psychobiology</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a34f8a24c52483dc5e7a63a982e72baf" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":102446133,"asset_id":102088334,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/102446133/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="102088334"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="102088334"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 102088334; 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The rewarding motivational property is preferentially associated with places, whereas the aversive property is preferentially associated with tastes. We used this preferential associability of stimuli in combination with a higher order conditioning procedure to ask how the motivational effects of morphine are represented in memory. First-order conditioning involved the pairing of a novel taste or distinct place with an intraperitoneal injection of morphine (15 mg/kg) in two separate groups ofrats. As expected, conditioned taste aversions developed in one group and conditioned place preferences developed in the other. Second-order conditioning involved pairing the first-order taste conditioned stimulus (eS) with a distinct place es in the absence of morphine in one group and pairing the first-order place es with a distinct taste es in the absence of morphine in the other group. Ifthe first-order taste es, for example, elicits from memory a representation of the entire motivational spectrum of morphine, then the second-order place cues might be expected to reveal conditioned place preferences on the basis of differential associability findings. However, if the first-order taste es calls up only a representation of morphine's aversive effects, then second-order conditioned place aversions would be expected. We found that the firstorder taste es produced second-order conditioned place aversions. Similarly, in the other group, the first-order place es produced second-order taste preferences. In other words, only conditioning within one motivational system was observed. We propose that the first-order stimulus conditioned to morphine represents in memory only that single motivational effect of morphine to which the first-order conditioned stimulus is preferentially associable. Opiates, along with other psychoactive drugs, have both rewarding and aversive motivational properties (Sherman,","publication_name":"Psychobiology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":102446133},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/102088334/The_representation_in_memory_of_morphine_s_unconditioned_motivational_effects_depends_on_the_nature_of_the_conditioned_stimulus","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-05-20T14:15:32.360-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":102446133,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/102446133/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"BF03333091.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/102446133/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_representation_in_memory_of_morphine.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/102446133/BF03333091-libre.pdf?1684626049=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_representation_in_memory_of_morphine.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=IhaUCzfOVOxwpdSLwJN47mzfe6wcQFtY7WgrN1vTbd75WbMfTmdQli1hFSO2kF33umd-2A1y-dvgDrxR22XKibrH8LHxFMu4nEOEtADzAGZqdWAU0aOm7qbSt3j9jJnhhnHJsko-Ib6x2IS4gILxvPuaSKO5LbyXT61C8NQ2QVwYEXKnNudxdr~4a~cMETMHecB6O0M3xRxKfvo9vAjlHNhoGO3ZIuVAIAIEH7kR6cS27zbfxRYURixl8MKqsIpHfVyksBC69KXCHn~3vOX3Rn2htAhIa14TWL6GbJCasm3Ltd1uqdx9bO7a7sdy7I044TLZaOQUcKnrQ0g57pq56Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_representation_in_memory_of_morphine_s_unconditioned_motivational_effects_depends_on_the_nature_of_the_conditioned_stimulus","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[{"id":102446133,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/102446133/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"BF03333091.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/102446133/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_representation_in_memory_of_morphine.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/102446133/BF03333091-libre.pdf?1684626049=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_representation_in_memory_of_morphine.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=IhaUCzfOVOxwpdSLwJN47mzfe6wcQFtY7WgrN1vTbd75WbMfTmdQli1hFSO2kF33umd-2A1y-dvgDrxR22XKibrH8LHxFMu4nEOEtADzAGZqdWAU0aOm7qbSt3j9jJnhhnHJsko-Ib6x2IS4gILxvPuaSKO5LbyXT61C8NQ2QVwYEXKnNudxdr~4a~cMETMHecB6O0M3xRxKfvo9vAjlHNhoGO3ZIuVAIAIEH7kR6cS27zbfxRYURixl8MKqsIpHfVyksBC69KXCHn~3vOX3Rn2htAhIa14TWL6GbJCasm3Ltd1uqdx9bO7a7sdy7I044TLZaOQUcKnrQ0g57pq56Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":102446134,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/102446134/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"BF03333091.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/102446134/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_representation_in_memory_of_morphine.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/102446134/BF03333091-libre.pdf?1684626000=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_representation_in_memory_of_morphine.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=dwNRQGZDVx-TKQvqI3tYHrTk8Bpc51EvtbvKnBR~du1NQW3pSf8-DXYwOvXpTJXIGl8XXoag1Z66IEWtXjXDzYXF4jXIT6AMdp04FdznuTYpcovgBFWeo3hWF9NPJucRmxzcOXRjJs877VLxyxcY8JinC0iOa-GkN0zutoc8rdtIHVTPKNZBTF6526U3T~6uBLbFnA5iWecQH31VcqLaahX7Ioh4gl7bAm8nbahG8U51mjh5CYHE36W7i-f3wKkq3t8D0TYAmlQc6Avdf5cQv7Swd6F5XaYfeW-IVsaFyjdBfwXeddhxPCRM3V8sQulnXGwJJJSPzjf6ROa7jWaaHQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":58514,"name":"Classical Conditioning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Conditioning"},{"id":101209,"name":"Psychobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychobiology"},{"id":165437,"name":"Taste","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Taste"},{"id":218374,"name":"Morphine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphine"},{"id":474134,"name":"Conditioning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conditioning"},{"id":1239755,"name":"Neurosciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurosciences"}],"urls":[{"id":31605522,"url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/BF03333091.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="92454824"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/92454824/Locus_coeruleus_patterns_differentially_modulate_learning_and_valence_in_rat_via_the_ventral_tegmental_area_and_basolateral_amygdala_respectively"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Locus coeruleus patterns differentially modulate learning and valence in rat via the ventral tegmental area and basolateral amygdala respectively" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95458762/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/92454824/Locus_coeruleus_patterns_differentially_modulate_learning_and_valence_in_rat_via_the_ventral_tegmental_area_and_basolateral_amygdala_respectively">Locus coeruleus patterns differentially modulate learning and valence in rat via the ventral tegmental area and basolateral amygdala respectively</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACTThe locus coeruleus (LC), the main source of forebrain norepinephrine, produces phasic an...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ABSTRACTThe locus coeruleus (LC), the main source of forebrain norepinephrine, produces phasic and tonic firing patterns that are theorized to have distinct functional consequences. However, how different firing modes affect learning and valence coding of sensory information are unknown. Here bilateral optogenetic activation of rat LC neurons using 10-Hz phasic trains of either 300 msec or 10 sec accelerates acquisition of a food-rewarded similar odor discrimination, but not a dissimilar odor discrimination, consistent with LC-supported enhanced pattern separation and plasticity. Similar odor discrimination learning is impaired by noradrenergic blockade in the piriform cortex (PC). However, here 10-Hz LC phasic light-mediated learning facilitation is prevented by a dopaminergic antagonist in the PC, or by ventral tegmental area (VTA) silencing with lidocaine, suggesting an LC-VTA-PC dopamine circuitry mediates 10-Hz phasic learning facilitation. Tonic stimulation at 10 Hz did not al...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6a7dbc0117cb512c4965c2bee765e2ca" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":95458762,"asset_id":92454824,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95458762/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="92454824"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="92454824"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92454824; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92454824]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92454824]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92454824; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='92454824']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 92454824, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6a7dbc0117cb512c4965c2bee765e2ca" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=92454824]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":92454824,"title":"Locus coeruleus patterns differentially modulate learning and valence in rat via the ventral tegmental area and basolateral amygdala respectively","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe locus coeruleus (LC), the main source of forebrain norepinephrine, produces phasic and tonic firing patterns that are theorized to have distinct functional consequences. 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Tonic stimulation at 10 Hz did not al...","publisher":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"ABSTRACTThe locus coeruleus (LC), the main source of forebrain norepinephrine, produces phasic and tonic firing patterns that are theorized to have distinct functional consequences. However, how different firing modes affect learning and valence coding of sensory information are unknown. Here bilateral optogenetic activation of rat LC neurons using 10-Hz phasic trains of either 300 msec or 10 sec accelerates acquisition of a food-rewarded similar odor discrimination, but not a dissimilar odor discrimination, consistent with LC-supported enhanced pattern separation and plasticity. Similar odor discrimination learning is impaired by noradrenergic blockade in the piriform cortex (PC). However, here 10-Hz LC phasic light-mediated learning facilitation is prevented by a dopaminergic antagonist in the PC, or by ventral tegmental area (VTA) silencing with lidocaine, suggesting an LC-VTA-PC dopamine circuitry mediates 10-Hz phasic learning facilitation. Tonic stimulation at 10 Hz did not al...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/92454824/Locus_coeruleus_patterns_differentially_modulate_learning_and_valence_in_rat_via_the_ventral_tegmental_area_and_basolateral_amygdala_respectively","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-12-08T16:41:09.346-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":95458762,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95458762/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2020.04.17.047126.full.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95458762/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Locus_coeruleus_patterns_differentially.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/95458762/2020.04.17.047126.full-libre.pdf?1670550112=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLocus_coeruleus_patterns_differentially.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=LPU3vBIg4k7mz1IMnXcDF9QkzFXa8jHU-0pI3QSr20K6WYsXV-Fxm-9wx0hOTVoyw4HOffeqZKR~3DYH~Ndz~Vxgx5bzyoN1A-EcPAhlhB7L2c~pv4SdD0iJeQlDazCXF8gKo7ptwO75a6fPR2wxhMM9U2-O9qWlPAVl4rcgANkTfME16mkHIHjd7YPFwcZDQobvb5Lik4mNRlrNEW57LPwiyz-q4mfNKeH-GqpOYYqjDPiAMsh3Pd96fVHjBsWVtGuFzajJy3Wf1AL0l3Np1SrxW6zTHxPVvt6Pyl5isq8m5KECWaGJNLwniHWea9OxqWKz14-AZhZ-dMM~bMV6Ow__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Locus_coeruleus_patterns_differentially_modulate_learning_and_valence_in_rat_via_the_ventral_tegmental_area_and_basolateral_amygdala_respectively","translated_slug":"","page_count":35,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[{"id":95458762,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95458762/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2020.04.17.047126.full.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95458762/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Locus_coeruleus_patterns_differentially.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/95458762/2020.04.17.047126.full-libre.pdf?1670550112=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLocus_coeruleus_patterns_differentially.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=LPU3vBIg4k7mz1IMnXcDF9QkzFXa8jHU-0pI3QSr20K6WYsXV-Fxm-9wx0hOTVoyw4HOffeqZKR~3DYH~Ndz~Vxgx5bzyoN1A-EcPAhlhB7L2c~pv4SdD0iJeQlDazCXF8gKo7ptwO75a6fPR2wxhMM9U2-O9qWlPAVl4rcgANkTfME16mkHIHjd7YPFwcZDQobvb5Lik4mNRlrNEW57LPwiyz-q4mfNKeH-GqpOYYqjDPiAMsh3Pd96fVHjBsWVtGuFzajJy3Wf1AL0l3Np1SrxW6zTHxPVvt6Pyl5isq8m5KECWaGJNLwniHWea9OxqWKz14-AZhZ-dMM~bMV6Ow__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":161,"name":"Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroscience"},{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology"},{"id":185109,"name":"ODOR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ODOR"},{"id":548890,"name":"Locus coeruleus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Locus_coeruleus"},{"id":767927,"name":"Ventral Tegmental Area","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ventral_Tegmental_Area"},{"id":1959361,"name":"Basolateral Amygdala","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Basolateral_Amygdala"}],"urls":[{"id":26810822,"url":"https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1101/2020.04.17.047126"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="88559220"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/88559220/Effects_of_supplemental_creatine_and_guanidinoacetic_acid_on_spatial_memory_and_the_brain_of_weaned_Yucatan_miniature_pigs"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effects of supplemental creatine and guanidinoacetic acid on spatial memory and the brain of weaned Yucatan miniature pigs" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92510812/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/88559220/Effects_of_supplemental_creatine_and_guanidinoacetic_acid_on_spatial_memory_and_the_brain_of_weaned_Yucatan_miniature_pigs">Effects of supplemental creatine and guanidinoacetic acid on spatial memory and the brain of weaned Yucatan miniature pigs</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>PLOS ONE</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6a2dba8be1e56ac8fac0b0806f0f00f6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92510812,"asset_id":88559220,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92510812/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="88559220"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="88559220"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88559220; 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We assessed memory performance and brain concentrations of creatine and its precursor guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) in 14-16-week-old male Yucatan miniature pigs supplemented for 2 weeks with either 200 mg/kg�d creatine (+Cr; n = 7) or equimolar GAA (157 mg/kg�d) (+GAA; n = 8) compared to controls (n = 14). Spatial memory tests had pigs explore distinct sets of objects for 5 min. Objects were spatially controlled, and we assessed exploration times of previously viewed objects relative to novel objects in familiar or novel locations. There was no effect of either supplementation on memory performance, but pigs successfully identified novel objects after 10 (p \u003c 0.01) and 20 min (p \u003c 0.01) retention intervals. Moreover, pigs recognized spatial transfers after 65 min (p \u003c 0.05). Regression analyses identified associations between the ability to identify novel objects in memory tests and concentrations of creatine and GAA in cerebellum, and GAA in prefrontal cortex (p \u003c 0.05). The concentration of creatine in brain regions was not influenced by creatine supplementation, but GAA supplementation increased GAA concentration in cerebellum (p \u003c 0.05), and the prefrontal cortex of +GAA pigs had more creatine/g and less GAA/g compared to +Cr pigs (p \u003c 0.05). Creatine kinase activity and maximal reaction velocity were also higher with GAA supplementation in prefrontal cortex (p \u003c 0.05). In conclusion, there appears to be a relationship between memory performance and guanidino compounds in the cerebellum and prefrontal cortex, but the effects were unrelated to dietary supplementation. The cerebellum is identified as a target site for GAA accretion.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"PLOS ONE","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":92510812},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88559220/Effects_of_supplemental_creatine_and_guanidinoacetic_acid_on_spatial_memory_and_the_brain_of_weaned_Yucatan_miniature_pigs","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-10-16T00:39:24.479-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":92510812,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92510812/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"401630978.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92510812/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Effects_of_supplemental_creatine_and_gua.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92510812/401630978-libre.pdf?1665906313=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffects_of_supplemental_creatine_and_gua.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=Zf4QlcfJhwy5jwhAOqrS6oiGc32iRnVFF~tgV~8T~Pgw-7hkrkgv7k2unwJ86O51aY2xrvjuOPsQcYVcvlMgrujlEzMxA9c1fLDSczJ22QmT1f2vcp2VgpkUw-MwOBQ9PSg3Ok6BIIyo3zHLQpkIiFO~uRUPUrfooAzkVMFBNy48TphQHBTEW9nfBUDwUvrN7FaD10LKHEIU2ZcJbuIroH9vNYYKFQSOmKhJ1l~C2UfLwSbi76vk5piWBDwAzndyE~532q0ZJz19upcwFoQO2A6QMim279ZgQnCAYBCiAIJcLIixmKm11sAoyCthzExwW8MJhDYIeiubmAL-O6CjAA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Effects_of_supplemental_creatine_and_guanidinoacetic_acid_on_spatial_memory_and_the_brain_of_weaned_Yucatan_miniature_pigs","translated_slug":"","page_count":15,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[{"id":92510812,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92510812/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"401630978.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92510812/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Effects_of_supplemental_creatine_and_gua.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92510812/401630978-libre.pdf?1665906313=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffects_of_supplemental_creatine_and_gua.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=Zf4QlcfJhwy5jwhAOqrS6oiGc32iRnVFF~tgV~8T~Pgw-7hkrkgv7k2unwJ86O51aY2xrvjuOPsQcYVcvlMgrujlEzMxA9c1fLDSczJ22QmT1f2vcp2VgpkUw-MwOBQ9PSg3Ok6BIIyo3zHLQpkIiFO~uRUPUrfooAzkVMFBNy48TphQHBTEW9nfBUDwUvrN7FaD10LKHEIU2ZcJbuIroH9vNYYKFQSOmKhJ1l~C2UfLwSbi76vk5piWBDwAzndyE~532q0ZJz19upcwFoQO2A6QMim279ZgQnCAYBCiAIJcLIixmKm11sAoyCthzExwW8MJhDYIeiubmAL-O6CjAA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":13777,"name":"Creatine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creatine"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"},{"id":28576,"name":"Prefrontal Cortex","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prefrontal_Cortex"},{"id":204436,"name":"Creatine Kinase","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creatine_Kinase"},{"id":220780,"name":"PLoS one","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PLoS_one"}],"urls":[{"id":24808449,"url":"https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226806"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="88559146"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/88559146/An_experimental_model_of_Braak_s_pretangle_proposal_for_the_origin_of_Alzheimer_s_disease_the_role_of_locus_coeruleus_in_early_symptom_development"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of An experimental model of Braak’s pretangle proposal for the origin of Alzheimer’s disease: the role of locus coeruleus in early symptom development" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92510736/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/88559146/An_experimental_model_of_Braak_s_pretangle_proposal_for_the_origin_of_Alzheimer_s_disease_the_role_of_locus_coeruleus_in_early_symptom_development">An experimental model of Braak’s pretangle proposal for the origin of Alzheimer’s disease: the role of locus coeruleus in early symptom development</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Alzheimer's Research &amp; Therapy</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6140aff3bc5e9afaf1d41f3de9b4b8c9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":92510736,"asset_id":88559146,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92510736/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="88559146"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="88559146"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88559146; 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Braak characterizes five pretangle tau stages preceding AD tangles. Pretangles begin in young humans and persist in the LC while spreading from there to other neuromodulatory neurons and, later, to the cortex. While LC pretangles appear in all by age 40, they do not necessarily result in AD prior to death. However, with age and pretangle spread, more individuals progress to AD stages. LC neurons are lost late, at Braak stages III-IV, when memory deficits appear. It is not clear if LC hyperphosphorylated tau generates the pathology and cognitive changes associated with preclinical AD. We use a rat model expressing pseudohyperphosphorylated human tau in LC to investigate the hypothesis that LC pretangles generate preclinical Alzheimer pathology. Methods: We infused an adeno-associated viral vector carrying a human tau gene pseudophosphorylated at 14 sites common in LC pretangles into 2-3-or 14-16-month TH-Cre rats. We used odor discrimination to probe LC dysfunction, and we evaluated LC cell and fiber loss. Results: Abnormal human tau was expressed in LC and exhibited somatodendritic mislocalization. In rats infused at 2-3 months old, 4 months post-infusion abnormal LC tau had transferred to the serotonergic raphe neurons. After 7 months, difficult similar odor discrimination learning was impaired. Impairment was associated with reduced LC axonal density in the olfactory cortex and upregulated β1-adrenoceptors. LC infusions in 14-16-month-old rats resulted in more severe outcomes. By 5-6 months post-infusion, rats were impaired even in simple odor discrimination learning. LC neuron number was reduced. Human tau appeared in the microglia and cortical neurons. Conclusions: Our animal model suggests, for the first time, that Braak's hypothesis that human AD originates with pretangle stages is plausible. LC pretangle progression here generates both preclinical AD pathological changes and cognitive decline. The odor discrimination deficits are similar to human odor identification deficits seen with aging and preclinical AD. When initiated in aged rats, pretangle stages progress rapidly and cause LC cell loss. These age-related outcomes are associated with a severe learning impairment consistent with memory decline in Braak stages III-IV.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Alzheimer's Research \u0026amp; Therapy","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":92510736},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88559146/An_experimental_model_of_Braak_s_pretangle_proposal_for_the_origin_of_Alzheimer_s_disease_the_role_of_locus_coeruleus_in_early_symptom_development","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-10-16T00:36:42.537-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":92510736,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92510736/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s13195-019-0511-2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92510736/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"An_experimental_model_of_Braak_s_pretang.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92510736/s13195-019-0511-2-libre.pdf?1665906314=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_experimental_model_of_Braak_s_pretang.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=VsGPkWli8jApCX-8Qq3JNm-k2wrq0ZcX6PIMZnSLGT3pa5-kqV8yp3hgQnJYAPZjXO8u0ScnuuXCYD5VU5HhDC3hH1C-72qtZv9YyCbaZBWoq6DDFgDWq8nV3wmE4hyE2fU3x3M0-wLhdjWRht70ZHole9Yzh8~0asgw9ZGLkq~OTI1U~9XdQWLexIw3v7wimDaENEeyDOwwxQsF0oRSiwbbJZlQB~-fgzg-WElJRnV5Jy2oXCkoGX4vSLPBvRYwudWWxrX66o4dfW40UlnwZ29B~bIWAOBCW8iIHyHPaDEGyQs~KRoYkUR-2oeyN9o-wTdlOeCpJgBzY1-ZIr9tYw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"An_experimental_model_of_Braak_s_pretangle_proposal_for_the_origin_of_Alzheimer_s_disease_the_role_of_locus_coeruleus_in_early_symptom_development","translated_slug":"","page_count":17,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[{"id":92510736,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92510736/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s13195-019-0511-2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/92510736/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"An_experimental_model_of_Braak_s_pretang.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/92510736/s13195-019-0511-2-libre.pdf?1665906314=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_experimental_model_of_Braak_s_pretang.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=VsGPkWli8jApCX-8Qq3JNm-k2wrq0ZcX6PIMZnSLGT3pa5-kqV8yp3hgQnJYAPZjXO8u0ScnuuXCYD5VU5HhDC3hH1C-72qtZv9YyCbaZBWoq6DDFgDWq8nV3wmE4hyE2fU3x3M0-wLhdjWRht70ZHole9Yzh8~0asgw9ZGLkq~OTI1U~9XdQWLexIw3v7wimDaENEeyDOwwxQsF0oRSiwbbJZlQB~-fgzg-WElJRnV5Jy2oXCkoGX4vSLPBvRYwudWWxrX66o4dfW40UlnwZ29B~bIWAOBCW8iIHyHPaDEGyQs~KRoYkUR-2oeyN9o-wTdlOeCpJgBzY1-ZIr9tYw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":161,"name":"Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroscience"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":548890,"name":"Locus coeruleus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Locus_coeruleus"},{"id":953559,"name":"Tauopathy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tauopathy"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"}],"urls":[{"id":24808407,"url":"http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s13195-019-0511-2.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="80950471"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950471/Brain_Creatine_is_associated_with_cognitive_function_but_dietary_supplementation_does_not_affect_memory_performance_in_the_young_Yucatan_miniature_pig"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Brain Creatine is associated with cognitive function but dietary supplementation does not affect memory performance in the young Yucatan miniature pig" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950471/Brain_Creatine_is_associated_with_cognitive_function_but_dietary_supplementation_does_not_affect_memory_performance_in_the_young_Yucatan_miniature_pig">Brain Creatine is associated with cognitive function but dietary supplementation does not affect memory performance in the young Yucatan miniature pig</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The FASEB Journal</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="80950471"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80950471"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950471; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="80950470"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950470/The_a_b_c_s_of_pretangle_tau_and_their_relation_to_aging_and_the_risk_of_Alzheimer_s_Disease"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The ‘a, b, c’s of pretangle tau and their relation to aging and the risk of Alzheimer’s Disease" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950470/The_a_b_c_s_of_pretangle_tau_and_their_relation_to_aging_and_the_risk_of_Alzheimer_s_Disease">The ‘a, b, c’s of pretangle tau and their relation to aging and the risk of Alzheimer’s Disease</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Braak has described the beginnings of Alzheimer&#39;s Disease as occurring in the locus coeruleus...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Braak has described the beginnings of Alzheimer&#39;s Disease as occurring in the locus coeruleus. Here we review these pretangle stages and relate their expression to recently described normal features of tau biology. We suggest pretangle tau depends on characteristics of locus coeruleus operation that promote tau condensates. We examine the timeline of pretangle and tangle appearance in locus coeruleus. We find catastrophic loss of locus coeruleus neurons is a late event. The strong relationship between locus coeruleus neuron number and human cognition underscores the utility of a focus on locus coeruleus. Promoting locus coeruleus health will benefit normal aging as well as aid in the prevention of dementia. Two animal models offering experimental approaches to understanding the functional change initiated by pretangles in locus coeruleus neurons are discussed.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="80950470"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80950470"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950470; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950470]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950470]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950470; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='80950470']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80950470, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=80950470]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":80950470,"title":"The ‘a, b, c’s of pretangle tau and their relation to aging and the risk of Alzheimer’s Disease","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Braak has described the beginnings of Alzheimer\u0026#39;s Disease as occurring in the locus coeruleus. Here we review these pretangle stages and relate their expression to recently described normal features of tau biology. We suggest pretangle tau depends on characteristics of locus coeruleus operation that promote tau condensates. We examine the timeline of pretangle and tangle appearance in locus coeruleus. We find catastrophic loss of locus coeruleus neurons is a late event. The strong relationship between locus coeruleus neuron number and human cognition underscores the utility of a focus on locus coeruleus. Promoting locus coeruleus health will benefit normal aging as well as aid in the prevention of dementia. Two animal models offering experimental approaches to understanding the functional change initiated by pretangles in locus coeruleus neurons are discussed.","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Seminars in Cell \u0026 Developmental Biology"},"translated_abstract":"Braak has described the beginnings of Alzheimer\u0026#39;s Disease as occurring in the locus coeruleus. Here we review these pretangle stages and relate their expression to recently described normal features of tau biology. We suggest pretangle tau depends on characteristics of locus coeruleus operation that promote tau condensates. We examine the timeline of pretangle and tangle appearance in locus coeruleus. We find catastrophic loss of locus coeruleus neurons is a late event. The strong relationship between locus coeruleus neuron number and human cognition underscores the utility of a focus on locus coeruleus. Promoting locus coeruleus health will benefit normal aging as well as aid in the prevention of dementia. Two animal models offering experimental approaches to understanding the functional change initiated by pretangles in locus coeruleus neurons are discussed.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/80950470/The_a_b_c_s_of_pretangle_tau_and_their_relation_to_aging_and_the_risk_of_Alzheimer_s_Disease","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-06-07T13:02:05.136-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"The_a_b_c_s_of_pretangle_tau_and_their_relation_to_aging_and_the_risk_of_Alzheimer_s_Disease","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":99773,"name":"Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disease"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology"},{"id":3789883,"name":"Paediatrics and reproductive medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paediatrics_and_reproductive_medicine"}],"urls":[{"id":21201658,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1084952120302044?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="80950469"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950469/Lesions_to_the_lateral_mammillary_nuclei_disrupt_spatial_learning_in_rats"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Lesions to the lateral mammillary nuclei disrupt spatial learning in rats" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950469/Lesions_to_the_lateral_mammillary_nuclei_disrupt_spatial_learning_in_rats">Lesions to the lateral mammillary nuclei disrupt spatial learning in rats</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Behavioral Neuroscience</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The head direction (HD) signal is thought to originate in the reciprocal connections between the ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The head direction (HD) signal is thought to originate in the reciprocal connections between the dorsal tegmental nuclei (DTN) and the lateral mammillary nuclei (LMN) and lesions to these structures disrupt the HD signal in downstream structures. Lesions to the DTN also disrupt performance on spatial tasks where directional heading is thought to be important. In Experiment 1, rats with bilateral electrolytic lesions of the LMN and sham controls were trained on 2 tasks previously shown to be sensitive to DTN damage. Rats were first trained on either a direction or rotation problem in a water T maze. LMN-lesioned rats were impaired relative to sham controls, on both the first block of 8 trials and on the total number of trials taken to reach criterion. In the food-foraging task, rats were trained to leave a home cage at the periphery of a circular table, find food in a food cup at the center of the table, and return to the home cage. Again, LMN-lesioned rats were impaired relative to sham rats, making more errors on the return component of the foraging trip. In Experiment 2, rats with electrolytic LMN lesions were also impaired on a dry land version of the direction and rotation problems and had difficulty discriminating between reinforced and nonreinforced locations on a 12-arm maze. These results build on previous behavioral and cell-recording studies and demonstrate the importance of the direction system to spatial learning. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="80950469"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80950469"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950469; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950469]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950469]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950469; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='80950469']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80950469, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=80950469]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":80950469,"title":"Lesions to the lateral mammillary nuclei disrupt spatial learning in rats","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The head direction (HD) signal is thought to originate in the reciprocal connections between the dorsal tegmental nuclei (DTN) and the lateral mammillary nuclei (LMN) and lesions to these structures disrupt the HD signal in downstream structures. Lesions to the DTN also disrupt performance on spatial tasks where directional heading is thought to be important. In Experiment 1, rats with bilateral electrolytic lesions of the LMN and sham controls were trained on 2 tasks previously shown to be sensitive to DTN damage. Rats were first trained on either a direction or rotation problem in a water T maze. LMN-lesioned rats were impaired relative to sham controls, on both the first block of 8 trials and on the total number of trials taken to reach criterion. In the food-foraging task, rats were trained to leave a home cage at the periphery of a circular table, find food in a food cup at the center of the table, and return to the home cage. Again, LMN-lesioned rats were impaired relative to sham rats, making more errors on the return component of the foraging trip. In Experiment 2, rats with electrolytic LMN lesions were also impaired on a dry land version of the direction and rotation problems and had difficulty discriminating between reinforced and nonreinforced locations on a 12-arm maze. These results build on previous behavioral and cell-recording studies and demonstrate the importance of the direction system to spatial learning. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).","publisher":"American Psychological Association (APA)","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Behavioral Neuroscience"},"translated_abstract":"The head direction (HD) signal is thought to originate in the reciprocal connections between the dorsal tegmental nuclei (DTN) and the lateral mammillary nuclei (LMN) and lesions to these structures disrupt the HD signal in downstream structures. Lesions to the DTN also disrupt performance on spatial tasks where directional heading is thought to be important. In Experiment 1, rats with bilateral electrolytic lesions of the LMN and sham controls were trained on 2 tasks previously shown to be sensitive to DTN damage. Rats were first trained on either a direction or rotation problem in a water T maze. LMN-lesioned rats were impaired relative to sham controls, on both the first block of 8 trials and on the total number of trials taken to reach criterion. In the food-foraging task, rats were trained to leave a home cage at the periphery of a circular table, find food in a food cup at the center of the table, and return to the home cage. Again, LMN-lesioned rats were impaired relative to sham rats, making more errors on the return component of the foraging trip. In Experiment 2, rats with electrolytic LMN lesions were also impaired on a dry land version of the direction and rotation problems and had difficulty discriminating between reinforced and nonreinforced locations on a 12-arm maze. These results build on previous behavioral and cell-recording studies and demonstrate the importance of the direction system to spatial learning. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/80950469/Lesions_to_the_lateral_mammillary_nuclei_disrupt_spatial_learning_in_rats","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-06-07T13:02:04.878-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Lesions_to_the_lateral_mammillary_nuclei_disrupt_spatial_learning_in_rats","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":30601,"name":"Behavioral Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Behavioral_Neuroscience"},{"id":1239755,"name":"Neurosciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurosciences"}],"urls":[{"id":21201657,"url":"http://psycnet.apa.org/psycarticles/2019-62710-001.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="80950468"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950468/Single_injection_of_rapamycin_blocks_post_food_restriction_hyperphagia_and_body_weight_regain_in_rats"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Single injection of rapamycin blocks post–food restriction hyperphagia and body-weight regain in rats" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950468/Single_injection_of_rapamycin_blocks_post_food_restriction_hyperphagia_and_body_weight_regain_in_rats">Single injection of rapamycin blocks post–food restriction hyperphagia and body-weight regain in rats</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Behavioral Neuroscience</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Given the increasing prevalence of and severity of complications associated with obesity, there i...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Given the increasing prevalence of and severity of complications associated with obesity, there is great need for treatments resulting in prolonged weight loss. Long-term maintenance of weight loss requires sustained changes in food-intake and energy-expenditure strategies, which are unfortunately often taxing, resulting in a return to predieting weight. Therefore, drug therapies may facilitate greater adherence to a restricted diet and prolong weight loss. One such drug is rapamycin (RAP), a mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor. Here, we show that a single injection of RAP dampens the hyperphagic response in calorically restricted rats when they are returned to free feed immediately or 10 days after injection. Moreover, we demonstrate that a single injection of RAP given to calorically restricted rats prevents body-weight regain when animals are returned to free feed either immediately or 10 days after injection. Furthermore, we extend our previous findings that RAP does not produce malaise or illness and show that RAP does not produce any behavioral deficits that may inhibit an animal from eating. Thus, we suggest that mTOR may be a useful target in obesity research, given that its inhibition may decrease the hyperphagic response following caloric restriction.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="80950468"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80950468"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950468; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950468]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950468]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950468; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='80950468']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80950468, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=80950468]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":80950468,"title":"Single injection of rapamycin blocks post–food restriction hyperphagia and body-weight regain in rats","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Given the increasing prevalence of and severity of complications associated with obesity, there is great need for treatments resulting in prolonged weight loss. Long-term maintenance of weight loss requires sustained changes in food-intake and energy-expenditure strategies, which are unfortunately often taxing, resulting in a return to predieting weight. Therefore, drug therapies may facilitate greater adherence to a restricted diet and prolong weight loss. One such drug is rapamycin (RAP), a mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor. Here, we show that a single injection of RAP dampens the hyperphagic response in calorically restricted rats when they are returned to free feed immediately or 10 days after injection. Moreover, we demonstrate that a single injection of RAP given to calorically restricted rats prevents body-weight regain when animals are returned to free feed either immediately or 10 days after injection. Furthermore, we extend our previous findings that RAP does not produce malaise or illness and show that RAP does not produce any behavioral deficits that may inhibit an animal from eating. Thus, we suggest that mTOR may be a useful target in obesity research, given that its inhibition may decrease the hyperphagic response following caloric restriction.","publisher":"American Psychological Association (APA)","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Behavioral Neuroscience"},"translated_abstract":"Given the increasing prevalence of and severity of complications associated with obesity, there is great need for treatments resulting in prolonged weight loss. Long-term maintenance of weight loss requires sustained changes in food-intake and energy-expenditure strategies, which are unfortunately often taxing, resulting in a return to predieting weight. Therefore, drug therapies may facilitate greater adherence to a restricted diet and prolong weight loss. One such drug is rapamycin (RAP), a mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor. Here, we show that a single injection of RAP dampens the hyperphagic response in calorically restricted rats when they are returned to free feed immediately or 10 days after injection. Moreover, we demonstrate that a single injection of RAP given to calorically restricted rats prevents body-weight regain when animals are returned to free feed either immediately or 10 days after injection. Furthermore, we extend our previous findings that RAP does not produce malaise or illness and show that RAP does not produce any behavioral deficits that may inhibit an animal from eating. Thus, we suggest that mTOR may be a useful target in obesity research, given that its inhibition may decrease the hyperphagic response following caloric restriction.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/80950468/Single_injection_of_rapamycin_blocks_post_food_restriction_hyperphagia_and_body_weight_regain_in_rats","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-06-07T13:02:04.613-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Single_injection_of_rapamycin_blocks_post_food_restriction_hyperphagia_and_body_weight_regain_in_rats","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":30601,"name":"Behavioral Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Behavioral_Neuroscience"},{"id":1239755,"name":"Neurosciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurosciences"}],"urls":[{"id":21201656,"url":"http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/bne/133/1/98.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="80950467"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950467/Examination_of_factors_which_might_disrupt_a_learned_association_between_pentobarbital_and_LiCl"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Examination of factors which might disrupt a learned association between pentobarbital and LiCl" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950467/Examination_of_factors_which_might_disrupt_a_learned_association_between_pentobarbital_and_LiCl">Examination of factors which might disrupt a learned association between pentobarbital and LiCl</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Learning and Motivation</span><span>, 1982</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACT Injections of a sedative dose of pentobarbital (Pent) were followed 30 min later by inje...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ABSTRACT Injections of a sedative dose of pentobarbital (Pent) were followed 30 min later by injections of a toxic dose of lithium chloride (LiCl). As a result of these Pent →LiCl pairings, injections of Pent after consumption of saccharin solution failed to produce the usual saccharin aversion. This loss of the capacity of Pent to produce a flavor aversion is called Avfail. Experiment 1 showed that the Avfail effect was obtained with saccharin even though the rats consumed a novel vinegar solution prior to the Pent→LiCl pairings in Phase 1. This was surprising since the novel flavor was associated with the LiCl and ought to have overshadowed the association of Pent with LiCl. Experiment 2 showed that one set of Pent→LiCl pairings can produce two Avfail effects in sequence: the first with a novel flavor and the second with a flavor previously paired with LiCl sickness. It also showed that insertion of Pent injections and handling cues between the Pent→LiCl and the Flavor→Pent phases did not reduce the magnitude of Avfail. Experiment 3 showed that the Avfail effect was not disrupted by the insertion of 54 saline injections between the Pent→LiCl and Flavor→Pent pairings, nor by interposing 26 saline injections between each pair of Flavor→Pent trials. This seemed to exclude an important role for injection cues. Experiment 3 also showed that 4 exposures to Pent and 50 exposures to saline between the Pent→LiCl trials and the Flavor→Pent trials and 26 exposures to saline injections between each pair of Flavor→Pent trials did not reduce the magnitude of Avfail. The same exposure to Pent and saline injections did reduce the magnitude of the saccharin aversion shown by the LiCl→Pent group. These data are viewed as consistent with Lett&amp;#39;s (Drug-drug associations: Evidence for the conditioning of a compensatory response. Paper presented at a meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association, New York, 1981) suggestion that Avfail represents a learned antisickness response.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="80950467"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80950467"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950467; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950467]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950467]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950467; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='80950467']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80950467, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=80950467]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":80950467,"title":"Examination of factors which might disrupt a learned association between pentobarbital and LiCl","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"ABSTRACT Injections of a sedative dose of pentobarbital (Pent) were followed 30 min later by injections of a toxic dose of lithium chloride (LiCl). As a result of these Pent →LiCl pairings, injections of Pent after consumption of saccharin solution failed to produce the usual saccharin aversion. This loss of the capacity of Pent to produce a flavor aversion is called Avfail. Experiment 1 showed that the Avfail effect was obtained with saccharin even though the rats consumed a novel vinegar solution prior to the Pent→LiCl pairings in Phase 1. This was surprising since the novel flavor was associated with the LiCl and ought to have overshadowed the association of Pent with LiCl. Experiment 2 showed that one set of Pent→LiCl pairings can produce two Avfail effects in sequence: the first with a novel flavor and the second with a flavor previously paired with LiCl sickness. It also showed that insertion of Pent injections and handling cues between the Pent→LiCl and the Flavor→Pent phases did not reduce the magnitude of Avfail. Experiment 3 showed that the Avfail effect was not disrupted by the insertion of 54 saline injections between the Pent→LiCl and Flavor→Pent pairings, nor by interposing 26 saline injections between each pair of Flavor→Pent trials. This seemed to exclude an important role for injection cues. Experiment 3 also showed that 4 exposures to Pent and 50 exposures to saline between the Pent→LiCl trials and the Flavor→Pent trials and 26 exposures to saline injections between each pair of Flavor→Pent trials did not reduce the magnitude of Avfail. The same exposure to Pent and saline injections did reduce the magnitude of the saccharin aversion shown by the LiCl→Pent group. These data are viewed as consistent with Lett\u0026amp;#39;s (Drug-drug associations: Evidence for the conditioning of a compensatory response. Paper presented at a meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association, New York, 1981) suggestion that Avfail represents a learned antisickness response.","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1982,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Learning and Motivation"},"translated_abstract":"ABSTRACT Injections of a sedative dose of pentobarbital (Pent) were followed 30 min later by injections of a toxic dose of lithium chloride (LiCl). As a result of these Pent →LiCl pairings, injections of Pent after consumption of saccharin solution failed to produce the usual saccharin aversion. This loss of the capacity of Pent to produce a flavor aversion is called Avfail. Experiment 1 showed that the Avfail effect was obtained with saccharin even though the rats consumed a novel vinegar solution prior to the Pent→LiCl pairings in Phase 1. This was surprising since the novel flavor was associated with the LiCl and ought to have overshadowed the association of Pent with LiCl. Experiment 2 showed that one set of Pent→LiCl pairings can produce two Avfail effects in sequence: the first with a novel flavor and the second with a flavor previously paired with LiCl sickness. It also showed that insertion of Pent injections and handling cues between the Pent→LiCl and the Flavor→Pent phases did not reduce the magnitude of Avfail. Experiment 3 showed that the Avfail effect was not disrupted by the insertion of 54 saline injections between the Pent→LiCl and Flavor→Pent pairings, nor by interposing 26 saline injections between each pair of Flavor→Pent trials. This seemed to exclude an important role for injection cues. Experiment 3 also showed that 4 exposures to Pent and 50 exposures to saline between the Pent→LiCl trials and the Flavor→Pent trials and 26 exposures to saline injections between each pair of Flavor→Pent trials did not reduce the magnitude of Avfail. The same exposure to Pent and saline injections did reduce the magnitude of the saccharin aversion shown by the LiCl→Pent group. These data are viewed as consistent with Lett\u0026amp;#39;s (Drug-drug associations: Evidence for the conditioning of a compensatory response. Paper presented at a meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association, New York, 1981) suggestion that Avfail represents a learned antisickness response.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/80950467/Examination_of_factors_which_might_disrupt_a_learned_association_between_pentobarbital_and_LiCl","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-06-07T13:02:04.438-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Examination_of_factors_which_might_disrupt_a_learned_association_between_pentobarbital_and_LiCl","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":569499,"name":"Learning Motivation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_Motivation"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="80950243"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950243/Locus_coeruleus_phasic_but_not_tonic_activation_initiates_global_remapping_in_a_familiar_environment"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Locus coeruleus phasic, but not tonic, activation initiates global remapping in a familiar environment" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/87161009/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/80950243/Locus_coeruleus_phasic_but_not_tonic_activation_initiates_global_remapping_in_a_familiar_environment">Locus coeruleus phasic, but not tonic, activation initiates global remapping in a familiar environment</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of Neuroscience</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2fbfdcca997090a26101fe3fae6f6b67" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":87161009,"asset_id":80950243,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87161009/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="80950243"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80950243"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950243; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950243]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80950243]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80950243; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='80950243']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80950243, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2fbfdcca997090a26101fe3fae6f6b67" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=80950243]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":80950243,"title":"Locus coeruleus phasic, but not tonic, activation initiates global remapping in a familiar environment","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Society for Neuroscience","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/80950243/Locus_coeruleus_phasic_but_not_tonic_activation_initiates_global_remapping_in_a_familiar_environment","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-06-07T12:58:49.776-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87161009,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/87161009/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"445.full.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87161009/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Locus_coeruleus_phasic_but_not_tonic_act.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/87161009/445.full-libre.pdf?1654632319=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLocus_coeruleus_phasic_but_not_tonic_act.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=P37hnb4klWTd-pwdPVmHvSZjyV2O3pizXF2H80cHesOyQ8twGx7GP-eSMZyDqcg8OF2QbfLbVgqi7gT04-cb92BsAbCs5xFzwfQaQWTnaksvZ6t-mz01XFNvjrWjbx1vwTvKX5txbTu2Zd2Tu5lH-L9rfDhj~Epd~IFwmlA8nfYI6HvaPZYolOk~v~pKgbXGLzbfRTzq~Qdcu3BJsaGVH-PPaXST8IZBbWXh9XdY6s~q-rV-6pCA6lgY95~LJUsbtftzxKuGobqT-4DhmX4HDTZnFcYKIXGmPN-LktW2jGckPhtGu8gKleJW6EATPS2NZktHgDTe2lcxF45SIrJCBQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Locus_coeruleus_phasic_but_not_tonic_activation_initiates_global_remapping_in_a_familiar_environment","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[{"id":87161009,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/87161009/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"445.full.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87161009/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Locus_coeruleus_phasic_but_not_tonic_act.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/87161009/445.full-libre.pdf?1654632319=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLocus_coeruleus_phasic_but_not_tonic_act.pdf\u0026Expires=1732478451\u0026Signature=P37hnb4klWTd-pwdPVmHvSZjyV2O3pizXF2H80cHesOyQ8twGx7GP-eSMZyDqcg8OF2QbfLbVgqi7gT04-cb92BsAbCs5xFzwfQaQWTnaksvZ6t-mz01XFNvjrWjbx1vwTvKX5txbTu2Zd2Tu5lH-L9rfDhj~Epd~IFwmlA8nfYI6HvaPZYolOk~v~pKgbXGLzbfRTzq~Qdcu3BJsaGVH-PPaXST8IZBbWXh9XdY6s~q-rV-6pCA6lgY95~LJUsbtftzxKuGobqT-4DhmX4HDTZnFcYKIXGmPN-LktW2jGckPhtGu8gKleJW6EATPS2NZktHgDTe2lcxF45SIrJCBQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":161,"name":"Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroscience"},{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":548890,"name":"Locus coeruleus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Locus_coeruleus"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"}],"urls":[{"id":21201572,"url":"https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1956-18.2018"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="75758896"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/75758896/Locus_Coeruleus_Activation_Patterns_Differentially_Modulate_Odor_Discrimination_Learning_and_Odor_Valence_in_Rats"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Locus Coeruleus Activation Patterns Differentially Modulate Odor Discrimination Learning and Odor Valence in Rats" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/83402109/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/75758896/Locus_Coeruleus_Activation_Patterns_Differentially_Modulate_Odor_Discrimination_Learning_and_Odor_Valence_in_Rats">Locus Coeruleus Activation Patterns Differentially Modulate Odor Discrimination Learning and Odor Valence in Rats</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cerebral Cortex Communications</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The locus coeruleus (LC) produces phasic and tonic firing patterns that are theorized to have dis...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The locus coeruleus (LC) produces phasic and tonic firing patterns that are theorized to have distinct functional consequences. However, how different firing modes affect learning and valence encoding of sensory information are unknown. Here, we show bilateral optogenetic activation of rat LC neurons using 10-Hz phasic trains of either 300 ms or 10 s accelerated acquisition of a similar odor discrimination. Similar odor discrimination learning was impaired by noradrenergic blockade in the piriform cortex (PC). However, 10-Hz phasic light-mediated learning facilitation was prevented by a dopaminergic antagonist in the PC, or by ventral tegmental area (VTA) silencing with lidocaine, suggesting a LC–VTA–PC dopamine circuitry involvement. Ten-hertz tonic stimulation did not alter odor discrimination acquisition, and was ineffective in activating VTA DA neurons. For valence encoding, tonic stimulation at 25 Hz induced conditioned odor aversion, whereas 10-Hz phasic stimulations produced ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="acdd153e8f0d7bc992eb58d57c5f895d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":83402109,"asset_id":75758896,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83402109/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="75758896"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75758896"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75758896; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75758896]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75758896]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75758896; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='75758896']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75758896, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "acdd153e8f0d7bc992eb58d57c5f895d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=75758896]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":75758896,"title":"Locus Coeruleus Activation Patterns Differentially Modulate Odor Discrimination Learning and Odor Valence in Rats","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The locus coeruleus (LC) produces phasic and tonic firing patterns that are theorized to have distinct functional consequences. 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Distal Cue Use Requires Sensitivity to Start Location Change in the Rat</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Proc</span><span>, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Place learning is impaired when a single plus maze is moved between adjacent locations 33–120 cm ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Place learning is impaired when a single plus maze is moved between adjacent locations 33–120 cm apart. This maze translation creates distinct start locations but maintains a single goal location with respect to distal cues. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/60477469/Spatial_problem_solving_and_hippocampal_place_cell_firing_in_rats_control_by_an_internal_sense_of_direction_carried_across_environments"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Spatial problem solving and hippocampal place cell firing in rats: control by an internal sense of direction carried across environments" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73905967/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/60477469/Spatial_problem_solving_and_hippocampal_place_cell_firing_in_rats_control_by_an_internal_sense_of_direction_carried_across_environments">Spatial problem solving and hippocampal place cell firing in rats: control by an internal sense of direction carried across environments</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Behavioural Brain Research</span><span>, Aug 27, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="608cec2d1dd10411913a8ef49831e7be" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73905967,"asset_id":60477469,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73905967/download_file?st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ3NDg1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60477469"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa 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$a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60477468"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60477468/The_effects_of_prolonged_administration_of_norepinephrine_reuptake_inhibitors_on_long_term_potentiation_in_dentate_gyrus_and_on_tests_of_spatial_and_object_recognition_memory_in_rats"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The effects of prolonged administration of norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors on long-term potentiation in dentate gyrus, and on tests of spatial and object recognition memory in rats" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60477468/The_effects_of_prolonged_administration_of_norepinephrine_reuptake_inhibitors_on_long_term_potentiation_in_dentate_gyrus_and_on_tests_of_spatial_and_object_recognition_memory_in_rats">The effects of prolonged administration of norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors on long-term potentiation in dentate gyrus, and on tests of spatial and object recognition memory in rats</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Neurobiology of Learning and Memory</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Phasic norepinephrine (NE) release events are involved in arousal, novelty detection and in plast...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Phasic norepinephrine (NE) release events are involved in arousal, novelty detection and in plasticity processes underlying learning and memory in mammalian systems. Although the effects of phasic NE release events on plasticity and memory are prevalently documented, it is less understood what effects chronic NE reuptake inhibition and sustained increases in noradrenergic tone, might have on plasticity and cognitive processes in rodent models of learning and memory. This study investigates the effects of chronic NE reuptake inhibition on hippocampal plasticity and memory in rats. Rats were administered NE reuptake inhibitors (NRIs) desipramine (DMI; 0, 3, or 7.5mg/kg/day) or nortriptyline (NTP; 0, 10 or 20mg/kg/day) in drinking water. Long-term potentiation (LTP; 200Hz) of the perforant path-dentate gyrus evoked potential was examined in urethane anesthetized rats after 30-32days of DMI treatment. Short- (4-h) and long-term (24-h) spatial memory was tested in separate rats administered 0 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI (25-30days) using a two-trial spatial memory test. Additionally, the effects of chronically administered DMI and NTP were tested in rats using a two-trial, Object Recognition Test (ORT) at 2- and 24-h after 45 and 60days of drug administration. Rats administered 3 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI had attenuated LTP of the EPSP slope but not the population spike at the perforant path-dentate gyrus synapse. Short- and long-term memory for objects is differentially disrupted in rats after prolonged administration of DMI and NTP. Rats that were administered 7.5mg/kg/day DMI showed decreased memory for a two-trial spatial task when tested at 4-h. In the novel ORT, rats receiving 0 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI showed a preference for the arm containing a Novel object when tested at both 2- and 24-h demonstrating both short- and long-term memory retention of the Familiar object. Rats that received either dose of NTP or 3mg/kg/day DMI showed impaired memory at 2-h, however this impairment was largely reversed at 24-h. Animals in the high-dose NTP (20mg/kg/day) group were impaired at both short- and long-term intervals. Activity levels, used as an index of location memory during the ORT, demonstrated that rats receiving DMI were again impaired at retaining memory for location. DMI dose-dependently disrupts LTP in the dentate gyrus of anesthetized rats and also disrupts memory for tests of spatial memory when administered for long periods.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60477468"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60477468"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60477468; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60477468]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60477468]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60477468; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60477468']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 60477468, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60477468]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60477468,"title":"The effects of prolonged administration of norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors on long-term potentiation in dentate gyrus, and on tests of spatial and object recognition memory in rats","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Phasic norepinephrine (NE) release events are involved in arousal, novelty detection and in plasticity processes underlying learning and memory in mammalian systems. Although the effects of phasic NE release events on plasticity and memory are prevalently documented, it is less understood what effects chronic NE reuptake inhibition and sustained increases in noradrenergic tone, might have on plasticity and cognitive processes in rodent models of learning and memory. This study investigates the effects of chronic NE reuptake inhibition on hippocampal plasticity and memory in rats. Rats were administered NE reuptake inhibitors (NRIs) desipramine (DMI; 0, 3, or 7.5mg/kg/day) or nortriptyline (NTP; 0, 10 or 20mg/kg/day) in drinking water. Long-term potentiation (LTP; 200Hz) of the perforant path-dentate gyrus evoked potential was examined in urethane anesthetized rats after 30-32days of DMI treatment. Short- (4-h) and long-term (24-h) spatial memory was tested in separate rats administered 0 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI (25-30days) using a two-trial spatial memory test. Additionally, the effects of chronically administered DMI and NTP were tested in rats using a two-trial, Object Recognition Test (ORT) at 2- and 24-h after 45 and 60days of drug administration. Rats administered 3 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI had attenuated LTP of the EPSP slope but not the population spike at the perforant path-dentate gyrus synapse. Short- and long-term memory for objects is differentially disrupted in rats after prolonged administration of DMI and NTP. Rats that were administered 7.5mg/kg/day DMI showed decreased memory for a two-trial spatial task when tested at 4-h. In the novel ORT, rats receiving 0 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI showed a preference for the arm containing a Novel object when tested at both 2- and 24-h demonstrating both short- and long-term memory retention of the Familiar object. Rats that received either dose of NTP or 3mg/kg/day DMI showed impaired memory at 2-h, however this impairment was largely reversed at 24-h. Animals in the high-dose NTP (20mg/kg/day) group were impaired at both short- and long-term intervals. Activity levels, used as an index of location memory during the ORT, demonstrated that rats receiving DMI were again impaired at retaining memory for location. DMI dose-dependently disrupts LTP in the dentate gyrus of anesthetized rats and also disrupts memory for tests of spatial memory when administered for long periods.","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory"},"translated_abstract":"Phasic norepinephrine (NE) release events are involved in arousal, novelty detection and in plasticity processes underlying learning and memory in mammalian systems. Although the effects of phasic NE release events on plasticity and memory are prevalently documented, it is less understood what effects chronic NE reuptake inhibition and sustained increases in noradrenergic tone, might have on plasticity and cognitive processes in rodent models of learning and memory. This study investigates the effects of chronic NE reuptake inhibition on hippocampal plasticity and memory in rats. Rats were administered NE reuptake inhibitors (NRIs) desipramine (DMI; 0, 3, or 7.5mg/kg/day) or nortriptyline (NTP; 0, 10 or 20mg/kg/day) in drinking water. Long-term potentiation (LTP; 200Hz) of the perforant path-dentate gyrus evoked potential was examined in urethane anesthetized rats after 30-32days of DMI treatment. Short- (4-h) and long-term (24-h) spatial memory was tested in separate rats administered 0 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI (25-30days) using a two-trial spatial memory test. Additionally, the effects of chronically administered DMI and NTP were tested in rats using a two-trial, Object Recognition Test (ORT) at 2- and 24-h after 45 and 60days of drug administration. Rats administered 3 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI had attenuated LTP of the EPSP slope but not the population spike at the perforant path-dentate gyrus synapse. Short- and long-term memory for objects is differentially disrupted in rats after prolonged administration of DMI and NTP. Rats that were administered 7.5mg/kg/day DMI showed decreased memory for a two-trial spatial task when tested at 4-h. In the novel ORT, rats receiving 0 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI showed a preference for the arm containing a Novel object when tested at both 2- and 24-h demonstrating both short- and long-term memory retention of the Familiar object. Rats that received either dose of NTP or 3mg/kg/day DMI showed impaired memory at 2-h, however this impairment was largely reversed at 24-h. Animals in the high-dose NTP (20mg/kg/day) group were impaired at both short- and long-term intervals. Activity levels, used as an index of location memory during the ORT, demonstrated that rats receiving DMI were again impaired at retaining memory for location. DMI dose-dependently disrupts LTP in the dentate gyrus of anesthetized rats and also disrupts memory for tests of spatial memory when administered for long periods.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60477468/The_effects_of_prolonged_administration_of_norepinephrine_reuptake_inhibitors_on_long_term_potentiation_in_dentate_gyrus_and_on_tests_of_spatial_and_object_recognition_memory_in_rats","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-10-30T17:01:42.599-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":38034812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"The_effects_of_prolonged_administration_of_norepinephrine_reuptake_inhibitors_on_long_term_potentiation_in_dentate_gyrus_and_on_tests_of_spatial_and_object_recognition_memory_in_rats","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":38034812,"first_name":"Gerard M","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Martin","page_name":"GerardMMartin","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-10T07:02:54.947-08:00","display_name":"Gerard M Martin","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerardMMartin"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":4163,"name":"Spatial Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Memory"},{"id":4247,"name":"Long Term Potentiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Term_Potentiation"},{"id":11103,"name":"Neurobiology of Learning and Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurobiology_of_Learning_and_Memory"},{"id":17113,"name":"Face recognition (Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Face_recognition_Psychology_"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals"},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male"},{"id":235189,"name":"Norepinephrine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Norepinephrine"},{"id":246876,"name":"Dentate Gyrus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dentate_Gyrus"},{"id":375054,"name":"Rats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rats"},{"id":522464,"name":"Short Term Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Short_Term_Memory"},{"id":522465,"name":"Long Term Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Term_Memory"},{"id":2673056,"name":"desipramine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/desipramine"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"},{"id":3765961,"name":"Nortriptyline","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nortriptyline"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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