Myanmar | Council on Foreign Relations

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class="main-header__nav-dropdown"> <button class="main-header__nav-dropdown-toggle"></button> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-container"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-featured"> <div class="main-header__featured"> <div class="main-header__featured-title">Featured</div> <div class="main-header__featured-content"> <section class="card-article article card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/energy-and-environment/climate-change" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Climate Change </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/backgrounder/paris-global-climate-change-agreements " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Global Climate Agreements: Successes and Failures</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2020/10/climate.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Introduction Over the last several decades, governments have collectively pledged to slow global warming. But despite intensified diplomacy, the world is already facing the consequences of climate…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Backgrounder</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by Lindsay Maizland</span> <span class="card-article__date"> December 5, 2023</span> <a href="/programs/renewing-america" class="card-article__series"> Renewing America </a> </p> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-list"> <ul class="main-header__secondary-nav-list"> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/defense-and-security" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Defense & Security</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/diplomacy-and-international-institutions" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Diplomacy & International Institutions</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/economics" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Economics</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/energy-and-environment" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Energy & Environment</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/health" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Health</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/human-rights" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Human Rights</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/politics-and-government" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Politics & Government</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/social-issues" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Social Issues</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-header__nav-list-item main-header__nav-list-item--with-dropdown"> <a href="/regions" class="main-header__nav-list-item-link">Regions</a> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown"> <button class="main-header__nav-dropdown-toggle"></button> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-container"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-featured"> <div class="main-header__featured"> <div class="main-header__featured-title">Featured</div> <div class="main-header__featured-content"> <section class="card-article article card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/asia/myanmar" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Myanmar </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/backgrounder/myanmar-history-coup-military-rule-ethnic-conflict-rohingya " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Myanmar’s Troubled History</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2021/02/myanmarbgr.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Introduction Throughout its decades of independence, Myanmar has struggled with military rule, civil war, poor governance, and widespread poverty. A military coup in February 2021 dashed hopes for…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Backgrounder</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by Lindsay Maizland</span> <span class="card-article__date"> January 31, 2022</span> </p> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-list"> <ul class="main-header__secondary-nav-list"> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/americas" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Americas</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/asia" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Asia</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/europe-and-eurasia" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Europe & Eurasia</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/global-commons" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Global Commons</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/middle-east-and-north-africa" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Middle East & North Africa</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/oceania" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Oceania</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/sub-saharan-africa" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Sub-Saharan Africa</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-header__nav-list-item main-header__nav-list-item--with-dropdown"> <a href="/explainers" class="main-header__nav-list-item-link">Explainers</a> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown"> <button class="main-header__nav-dropdown-toggle"></button> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-container"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-featured"> <div class="main-header__featured"> <div class="main-header__featured-title">Featured</div> <div class="main-header__featured-content"> <section class="card-article article card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/health" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Health </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/article/how-new-tobacco-control-laws-could-help-close-racial-gap-us-cancer " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">How Tobacco Laws Could Help Close the Racial Gap on Cancer</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2023/01/GettyImages-1409152899_Resized_0.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">During the 2020 presidential campaign, Joe Biden promised that his administration would make a “historic effort” to reduce long-running racial inequities in health. Tobacco use—the leading cause of p…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Interactive</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by Olivia Angelino, <a href="/expert/thomas-j-bollyky" class="card-article__authors-link">Thomas J. Bollyky</a>, Elle Ruggiero and Isabella Turilli</span> <span class="card-article__date"> February 1, 2023</span> <a href="/programs/global-health-program" class="card-article__series"> Global Health Program </a> </p> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-list"> <ul class="main-header__secondary-nav-list"> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/backgrounders" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Backgrounders</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/inbriefs" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">In Briefs</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/podcasts" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Podcasts</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/videos" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Videos</a> </li> 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(min-width: 1024px)" type="image/webp" width="380" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/image/2024/10/AP24163746645704_brighter%20%281%29.jpg.webp 1x"/> <source media="all and (max-width: 1023px) and (min-width: 750px)" type="image/webp" width="380" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/image/2024/10/AP24163746645704_brighter%20%281%29.jpg.webp 1x"/> <source media="all and (max-width: 749px)" type="image/webp" width="380" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/image/2024/10/AP24163746645704_brighter%20%281%29.jpg.webp 1x"/> <img width="380" height="253" alt="" loading="lazy" class="lazyload" data-src="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/image/2024/10/AP24163746645704_brighter%20%281%29.jpg.webp" /> </picture> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Introduction Russian interference in the 2016 U.S. presidential election heightened concern over efforts by authoritarian governments to both redirect foreign policy and undermine confidence in de…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Council Special Report</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by <a href="/expert/miles-kahler" class="card-article__authors-link">Miles Kahler</a></span> <span class="card-article__date"> October 23, 2024</span> <a href="/programs/diamonstein-spielvogel-project-future-democracy" class="card-article__series"> Diamonstein-Spielvogel Project on the Future of Democracy </a> </p> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-list"> <ul 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class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Academic Webinar: The Geopolitics of Oil</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <span class="card-article__icon"> <svg viewBox="0 0 15 15" class="icon icon-play" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <title>Play</title> <path d="M0 15V0l15 7.5z" class="icon-fill" fill="none"/> </svg> </span> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_xl/public/image/2023/04/cms%20Saudi%20Arabia%20oil%20refinery%20by%20Ahmed%20Jadallah%20Reuters.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Webinar</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> with Carolyn Kissane and <a href="https://www.cfr.org/bio/irina-faskianos" class="card-article__authors-link">Irina A. Faskianos</a></span> <span class="card-article__date"> April 12, 2023</span> </p> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-list"> <ul class="main-header__secondary-nav-list"> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/membership" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Members</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/media" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Media</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/congressional-program" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Congress</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/academic/cfr-academic" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Students and Educators</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/state-and-local" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">State & Local Officials</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/outreach/religion-and-foreign-policy-program" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Religion Leaders</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/localjournalists" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Local Journalists</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-header__nav-list-item main-header__nav-list-item--with-dropdown"> <a href="/event" class="main-header__nav-list-item-link">Events</a> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown"> <button class="main-header__nav-dropdown-toggle"></button> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-container"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-featured"> <div class="main-header__featured"> <div class="main-header__featured-title">Featured</div> <div class="main-header__featured-content"> <section class="card-article event card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/americas/united-states" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> United States </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/event/2024-stephen-c-freidheim-symposium-global-economics " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">2024 Stephen C. Freidheim Symposium on Global Economics</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_xl/public/image/2024/10/DSC03142%20%281%29.JPG.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">This symposium was created to address the broad spectrum of issues affecting Wall Street and international economics. It was established through the generous support of Council board member Stephen C…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Virtual Event</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> with Emily J. Blanchard, <a href="https://www.cfr.org/expert/matthew-p-goodman" class="card-article__authors-link">Matthew P. 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.header-contextual__main-wrapper { background: none; background-color: #000000; } </style> <div class="topics-page"> <div class="e2020-promos-across"> <div class="e2020-promos-across__wrapper"> <div class="e2020-promos-across__container"> <div class="e2020-promos-across__promos-container"> <div class="e2020-promos-across__article-wrapper"> <a href="/report/revival-military-rule-south-and-southeast-asia" target="_blank" class="e2020-promos-across__article-anchor"> <div class="e2020-promos-across__image-container"> <div class="e2020-promos-across__image"> <div class="e2020-promos-across__image-cover" style="background-image: url(//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/full_width_m/public/2022-02/Kurlantzic%20cover.jpg.webp)"></div> </div> </div> <div class="e2020-promos-across__data-container"> <div class="e2020-promos-across__title"> The Revival of Military Rule in South and Southeast Asia </div> <div class="e2020-promos-across__separator"> </div> <div class="e2020-promos-across__intro"> The rise in coups and other types of military intervention in South and Southeast Asia will set back democracy by years and has been met by a weak and ineffective response from major global and regional powers. </div> <div class="e2020-promos-across__metadata"> <p class="e2020-promos-across__byline"> <span class="e2020-promos-across__pub-type">Report </span> by <a href="https://www.cfr.org/expert/joshua-kurlantzick" class="e2020-promos-across__byline--author">Joshua Kurlantzick</a> <span class="e2020-basic-promo__date"> Feb 2, 2022 </span> </p> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="e2020-promos-across__article-wrapper"> <a href="/backgrounder/myanmar-history-coup-military-rule-ethnic-conflict-rohingya" target="_blank" class="e2020-promos-across__article-anchor"> <div class="e2020-promos-across__image-container"> <div class="e2020-promos-across__image"> <div class="e2020-promos-across__image-cover" style="background-image: url(//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/full_width_m/public/image/2021/02/myanmarbgr.jpg.webp)"></div> </div> </div> <div class="e2020-promos-across__data-container"> <div class="e2020-promos-across__title"> Myanmar’s Troubled History: Coups, Military Rule, and Ethnic Conflict </div> <div class="e2020-promos-across__separator"> </div> <div class="e2020-promos-across__intro"> The 2021 coup returned Myanmar to military rule and shattered hopes for democratic progress in a Southeast Asian country beset by decades of conflict and repressive regimes. </div> <div class="e2020-promos-across__metadata"> <p class="e2020-promos-across__byline"> <span class="e2020-promos-across__pub-type">Backgrounder </span> by <a href="https://www.cfr.org/bio/lindsay-maizland" class="e2020-promos-across__byline--author">Lindsay Maizland</a> <span class="e2020-basic-promo__date"> Jan 31, 2022 </span> </p> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="krt-grid"> <div 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class="field-content"> <div class="card-article-large article card-article-large--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article-large__container"> <div class="card-article-large__content"> <div class="card-article-large__topic-tag"> <a href="/asia/myanmar" class="card-article-large__topic-tag-link"> Myanmar </a> </div> <a href="/blog/myanmars-junta-increasingly-isolated " class="card-article-large__link"> <div class="card-article-large__title"> Myanmar's Junta Is Increasingly Isolated </div> <div class="card-article-large__image"> <div class="card-article-large__image-cover" style="background-image: url(//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2024/06/Myawaddy.JPG.webp)"></div> </div> </a> <div class="card-article-large__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">The junta’s grip on power is continuing to deteriorate. </div> <div class="card-article-large__metadata"> <span class="card-article-large__publication-type">Blog Post</span> <span class="card-article-large__authors">by <a href="/expert/joshua-kurlantzick" class="card-article-large__authors-link">Joshua Kurlantzick</a> </span> <span class="card-article-large__date"> June 24, 2024</span> <a href="/blog/asia-unbound" class="card-article-large__series"> Asia Unbound </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </span></div> </li> <li class="views-row krt-grid__list-item"> <div class="views-field views-field-search-api-rendered-item"><span class="field-content"> <div class="card-article-large article card-article-large--with-no-image"> <div class="card-article-large__container"> <div class="card-article-large__content"> <div class="card-article-large__topic-tag"> <a href="/asia/myanmar" class="card-article-large__topic-tag-link"> Myanmar </a> </div> <a href="/in-brief/how-myanmar-became-global-center-cyber-scams " class="card-article-large__link"> <div class="card-article-large__title"> How Myanmar Became a Global Center for Cyber Scams </div> </a> <div class="card-article-large__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Organized crime groups in Southeast Asia have seized on Myanmar’s instability amid civil war to establish a string of scam centers engaged in global online fraud operations. </div> <div class="card-article-large__metadata"> <span class="card-article-large__publication-type">In Brief</span> <span class="card-article-large__authors">by <a href="/bio/clara-fong" class="card-article-large__authors-link">Clara Fong</a> and <a href="/bio/abigail-mcgowan" class="card-article-large__authors-link">Abigail McGowan</a> </span> <span class="card-article-large__date"> May 31, 2024</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </span></div> </li> <li class="views-row krt-grid__list-item"> <div class="views-field views-field-search-api-rendered-item"><span class="field-content"> <div class="card-article-large article card-article-large--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article-large__container"> <div class="card-article-large__content"> <div class="card-article-large__topic-tag"> <a href="/asia/myanmar" class="card-article-large__topic-tag-link"> Myanmar </a> </div> <a href="/blog/will-2024-be-juntas-end-myanmar " class="card-article-large__link"> <div class="card-article-large__title"> Will 2024 Be the Junta’s End in Myanmar? </div> <div class="card-article-large__image"> <div class="card-article-large__image-cover" style="background-image: url(//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2024/05/karen%20army%203.JPG.webp)"></div> </div> </a> <div class="card-article-large__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Myanmar’s civil war between resistance groups and the ruling military junta has reached a decisive phase. </div> <div class="card-article-large__metadata"> <span class="card-article-large__publication-type">Blog Post</span> <span class="card-article-large__authors">by <a href="/expert/joshua-kurlantzick" class="card-article-large__authors-link">Joshua Kurlantzick</a> </span> <span class="card-article-large__date"> May 15, 2024</span> <a href="/blog/asia-unbound" class="card-article-large__series"> Asia Unbound </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </span></div> </li> </ul> <div class="card-group card-group--krt card-group--bg-color-light-grey "> <div class="card-group__background"></div> <div class="card-group__content-wrapper"> <h2 class="card-group__title"> Experts in this Region </h2> <div class="card-group__container"> <section class="card-expert-small card-expert-small--rail-with-image "> <div class="card-expert-small__container"> <div class="card-expert-small__info"> <div class="card-expert-small__avatar"> <div class="field--image"> <img width="278" height="278" alt="" loading="lazy" class="lazyload" data-src="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_expert_thumbnail_xxl/public/profile-photos/kurlantzick_0.jpg" /> </div> </div> <a href="/expert/joshua-kurlantzick" class="card-expert-small__name" target="_blank"> Joshua Kurlantzick </a> <p class="card-expert-small__title"> Senior Fellow for Southeast Asia and South Asia </p> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="krt-grid__list-container"> <li class="views-row krt-grid__list-item"> <div class="views-field views-field-search-api-rendered-item"><span class="field-content"> <div class="card-article-large article card-article-large--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article-large__container"> <div class="card-article-large__content"> <div class="card-article-large__topic-tag"> <a href="/asia/myanmar" class="card-article-large__topic-tag-link"> Myanmar </a> </div> <a href="/blog/bottom-falling-out-myanmars-junta " class="card-article-large__link"> <div class="card-article-large__title"> The Bottom Is Falling Out for Myanmar’s Junta </div> <div class="card-article-large__image"> <div class="card-article-large__image-cover" style="background-image: url(//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2024/04/Min%20Aung%20Hlaing.jpg.webp)"></div> </div> </a> <div class="card-article-large__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">The Myanmar army is experiencing a rapid rise in defections and military losses, posing questions about the continued viability of the junta’s grip on power. </div> <div class="card-article-large__metadata"> <span class="card-article-large__publication-type">Blog Post</span> <span class="card-article-large__authors">by <a href="/expert/joshua-kurlantzick" class="card-article-large__authors-link">Joshua Kurlantzick</a> </span> <span class="card-article-large__date"> April 22, 2024</span> <a href="/blog/asia-unbound" class="card-article-large__series"> Asia Unbound </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </span></div> </li> <li class="views-row krt-grid__list-item"> <div class="views-field views-field-search-api-rendered-item"><span class="field-content"> <div class="card-article-large article card-article-large--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article-large__container"> <div class="card-article-large__content"> <div class="card-article-large__topic-tag"> <a href="/asia/myanmar" class="card-article-large__topic-tag-link"> Myanmar </a> </div> <a href="/blog/myanmars-military-facing-defeat-amid-civil-war " class="card-article-large__link"> <div class="card-article-large__title"> Myanmar’s Military is Facing Defeat Amid Civil War </div> <div class="card-article-large__image"> <div class="card-article-large__image-cover" style="background-image: url(//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2024/04/Myawaddy_Blog.jpg.webp)"></div> </div> </a> <div class="card-article-large__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Myanmar’s military faced a significant loss in the town of Myawaddy, bordering Thailand, this week. </div> <div class="card-article-large__metadata"> <span class="card-article-large__publication-type">Blog Post</span> <span class="card-article-large__authors">by <a href="/expert/joshua-kurlantzick" class="card-article-large__authors-link">Joshua Kurlantzick</a> </span> <span class="card-article-large__date"> April 10, 2024</span> <a href="/blog/asia-unbound" class="card-article-large__series"> Asia Unbound </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </span></div> </li> <li class="views-row krt-grid__list-item"> <div class="views-field views-field-search-api-rendered-item"><span class="field-content"> <div class="card-article-large article card-article-large--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article-large__container"> <div class="card-article-large__content"> <div class="card-article-large__topic-tag"> <a href="/asia/myanmar" class="card-article-large__topic-tag-link"> Myanmar </a> </div> <a href="/blog/myanmars-army-collapsing-update " class="card-article-large__link"> <div class="card-article-large__title"> Myanmar’s Army is Collapsing: An Update </div> <div class="card-article-large__image"> <div class="card-article-large__image-cover" style="background-image: url(//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2024/03/RTSR98GZ.JPG.webp)"></div> </div> </a> <div class="card-article-large__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">As the Myanmar military faces a record level of defections, its control of the country looks increasingly tenuous. </div> <div class="card-article-large__metadata"> <span class="card-article-large__publication-type">Blog Post</span> <span class="card-article-large__authors">by <a href="/expert/joshua-kurlantzick" class="card-article-large__authors-link">Joshua Kurlantzick</a> </span> <span class="card-article-large__date"> March 11, 2024</span> <a href="/blog/asia-unbound" class="card-article-large__series"> Asia Unbound </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </span></div> </li> </ul> <ul class="krt-grid__list-container"> <li class="views-row krt-grid__list-item"> <div class="views-field views-field-search-api-rendered-item"><span 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groups in Myanmar pose a significant threat to regime control as the country enters its third year under junta rule; the European Union (EU) meets for a special summit on military aid for Ukraine, but concerns remain over Hungary’s Prime Minister Viktor Orbán; Kenya’s high court will decide whether if it is constitutional for Kenya to lead a multinational peacekeeping mission to Haiti; and hundreds of thousands across Germany protest against the Alternative for Germany’s anti-immigration policies. </div> <div class="card-article-large__metadata"> <span class="card-article-large__publication-type">Podcast</span> <span class="card-article-large__authors">with <a href="https://www.cfr.org/expert/robert-mcmahon" class="card-article-large__authors-link">Robert McMahon</a> and <a href="https://www.cfr.org/expert/carla-anne-robbins" class="card-article-large__authors-link">Carla Anne Robbins</a> </span> <span class="card-article-large__date"> January 25, 2024</span> <a href="/podcasts/world-next-week" class="card-article-large__series"> The World Next Week </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </span></div> </li> <li class="views-row krt-grid__list-item"> <div class="views-field views-field-search-api-rendered-item"><span class="field-content"> <div class="card-article-large article card-article-large--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article-large__container"> <div class="card-article-large__content"> <div class="card-article-large__topic-tag"> <a href="/asia/myanmar" class="card-article-large__topic-tag-link"> Myanmar </a> </div> <a href="/blog/myanmar-military-collapsing-amidst-civil-war-how-should-united-states-and-other-countries " class="card-article-large__link"> <div class="card-article-large__title"> The Myanmar Military is Collapsing Amidst Civil War: How Should the United States and Other Countries Prepare? </div> <div class="card-article-large__image"> <div class="card-article-large__image-cover" style="background-image: url(//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2023/12/Blinken%20Burma.JPG.webp)"></div> </div> </a> <div class="card-article-large__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Myanmar’s military is losing its grip on power—the United States and its partners should prepare for potential state collapse. </div> <div class="card-article-large__metadata"> <span class="card-article-large__publication-type">Blog Post</span> <span class="card-article-large__authors">by <a href="/expert/joshua-kurlantzick" class="card-article-large__authors-link">Joshua Kurlantzick</a> </span> <span class="card-article-large__date"> December 4, 2023</span> <a href="/blog/asia-unbound" class="card-article-large__series"> Asia Unbound </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </span></div> </li> <li class="views-row krt-grid__list-item"> <div class="views-field views-field-search-api-rendered-item"><span class="field-content"> <div class="card-article-large article card-article-large--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article-large__container"> <div class="card-article-large__content"> <div class="card-article-large__topic-tag"> <a href="/asia/myanmar" class="card-article-large__topic-tag-link"> Myanmar </a> </div> <a href="/blog/myanmar-army-could-actually-collapse-are-united-states-and-other-powers-ready-such-scenario " class="card-article-large__link"> <div class="card-article-large__title"> The Myanmar Army Could Actually Collapse—But Are the United States and Other Powers Ready for Such a Scenario? </div> <div class="card-article-large__image"> <div class="card-article-large__image-cover" style="background-image: url(//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2023/11/Karen.JPG.webp)"></div> </div> </a> <div class="card-article-large__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Myanmar's military has recently suffered a string of defeats—but the U.S. government seems unprepared to face the country's potential state collapse. </div> <div class="card-article-large__metadata"> <span class="card-article-large__publication-type">Blog Post</span> <span class="card-article-large__authors">by <a href="/expert/joshua-kurlantzick" class="card-article-large__authors-link">Joshua Kurlantzick</a> </span> <span class="card-article-large__date"> November 30, 2023</span> <a href="/blog/asia-unbound" class="card-article-large__series"> Asia Unbound </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </span></div> </li> <li class="views-row krt-grid__list-item"> <div class="views-field views-field-search-api-rendered-item"><span class="field-content"> <div class="card-article-large article card-article-large--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article-large__container"> <div class="card-article-large__content"> <div class="card-article-large__topic-tag"> <a href="/southeast-asia" class="card-article-large__topic-tag-link"> Southeast Asia </a> </div> <a href="/article/southeast-asia-has-become-hotbed-transnational-repression " class="card-article-large__link"> <div class="card-article-large__title"> Southeast Asia Has Become a Hotbed of Transnational Repression </div> <div class="card-article-large__image"> <div class="card-article-large__image-cover" style="background-image: url(//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2023/10/Thai%20dissident%20abduction%20Cambodia.jpg.webp)"></div> </div> </a> <div class="card-article-large__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Whatever taboo existed against extraterritorial renditions and executions in other places around the world never really existed in mainland Southeast Asia. </div> <div class="card-article-large__metadata"> <span class="card-article-large__publication-type">Article</span> <span class="card-article-large__authors">by <a href="/expert/joshua-kurlantzick" class="card-article-large__authors-link">Joshua Kurlantzick</a> </span> <span class="card-article-large__date"> October 30, 2023</span> <a href="/programs/asia-program" class="card-article-large__series"> Asia Program </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </span></div> </li> <li class="views-row krt-grid__list-item"> <div class="views-field views-field-search-api-rendered-item"><span class="field-content"> <div class="card-article-large article card-article-large--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article-large__container"> <div class="card-article-large__content"> <div class="card-article-large__topic-tag"> <a href="/southeast-asia" class="card-article-large__topic-tag-link"> Southeast Asia </a> </div> <a href="/backgrounder/what-asean " class="card-article-large__link"> <div class="card-article-large__title"> What Is ASEAN? </div> <div class="card-article-large__image"> <div class="card-article-large__image-cover" style="background-image: url(//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2017/03/ASEAN-Flags-1280.jpg.webp)"></div> </div> </a> <div class="card-article-large__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">The Association of Southeast Asian Nations is a regional organization that brings together disparate neighbors to address economic and security issues, but the group’s impact remains limited. </div> <div class="card-article-large__metadata"> <span class="card-article-large__publication-type">Backgrounder</span> <span class="card-article-large__authors">by CFR.org Editors</span> <span class="card-article-large__date"> September 18, 2023</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </span></div> </li> <li class="views-row krt-grid__list-item"> <div class="views-field views-field-search-api-rendered-item"><span class="field-content"> <div class="card-article-large article card-article-large--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article-large__container"> <div class="card-article-large__content"> <div class="card-article-large__topic-tag"> <a href="/southeast-asia" class="card-article-large__topic-tag-link"> Southeast Asia </a> </div> <a href="/article/state-democracy-southeast-asia-bad-and-getting-worse " class="card-article-large__link"> <div class="card-article-large__title"> The State of Democracy in Southeast Asia Is Bad and Getting Worse </div> <div class="card-article-large__image"> <div class="card-article-large__image-cover" style="background-image: url(//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2023/08/Pita%20protest.jpg.webp)"></div> </div> </a> <div class="card-article-large__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">By 2020, with the state of democracy already in dire shape, it seemed that things couldn’t get worse. And yet, in the past few years, they have. </div> <div class="card-article-large__metadata"> <span class="card-article-large__publication-type">Article</span> <span class="card-article-large__authors">by <a href="/expert/joshua-kurlantzick" class="card-article-large__authors-link">Joshua Kurlantzick</a> </span> <span class="card-article-large__date"> August 14, 2023</span> <a href="/programs/asia-program" class="card-article-large__series"> Asia Program </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </span></div> </li> <li class="views-row krt-grid__list-item"> <div class="views-field views-field-search-api-rendered-item"><span class="field-content"> <div class="card-article-large article card-article-large--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article-large__container"> <div class="card-article-large__content"> <div class="card-article-large__topic-tag"> <a href="/southeast-asia" class="card-article-large__topic-tag-link"> Southeast Asia </a> </div> <a href="/blog/state-democracy-southeast-asia-isawful " class="card-article-large__link"> <div class="card-article-large__title"> The State of Democracy in Southeast Asia is…Awful </div> <div class="card-article-large__image"> <div class="card-article-large__image-cover" style="background-image: url(//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2023/08/Hun%20Manet%20voting.jpg.webp)"></div> </div> </a> <div class="card-article-large__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Democracy continues to regress across Southeast Asia. </div> <div class="card-article-large__metadata"> <span class="card-article-large__publication-type">Blog Post</span> <span class="card-article-large__authors">by <a href="/expert/joshua-kurlantzick" class="card-article-large__authors-link">Joshua Kurlantzick</a> </span> <span class="card-article-large__date"> August 9, 2023</span> <a href="/blog/asia-unbound" class="card-article-large__series"> Asia Unbound </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </span></div> </li> <li class="views-row krt-grid__list-item"> <div class="views-field views-field-search-api-rendered-item"><span class="field-content"> <div class="card-article-large article card-article-large--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article-large__container"> <div class="card-article-large__content"> <div class="card-article-large__topic-tag"> <a href="/energy-and-environment/climate-change" class="card-article-large__topic-tag-link"> Climate Change </a> </div> <a href="/blog/presidents-inbox-recap-what-climate-change-means-bay-bengal " class="card-article-large__link"> <div class="card-article-large__title"> The President’s Inbox Recap: What Climate Change Means for the Bay of Bengal </div> <div class="card-article-large__image"> <div class="card-article-large__image-cover" style="background-image: url(//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2023/07/Bay%20of%20Bengal%20Cyclone%20Blog%20Photo.JPG.webp)"></div> </div> </a> <div class="card-article-large__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Rising sea levels and hotter temperatures threaten the Bay of Bengal. </div> <div class="card-article-large__metadata"> <span class="card-article-large__publication-type">Blog Post</span> <span class="card-article-large__authors">by Michelle Kurilla</span> <span class="card-article-large__date"> July 13, 2023</span> <a href="/blog/waters-edge" class="card-article-large__series"> The Water's Edge </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </span></div> </li> <li class="views-row krt-grid__list-item"> <div class="views-field views-field-search-api-rendered-item"><span class="field-content"> <div class="card-article-large podcast_episode card-article-large--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article-large__container"> <div class="card-article-large__content"> <div class="card-article-large__topic-tag"> <a href="/energy-and-environment/climate-change" class="card-article-large__topic-tag-link"> Climate Change </a> </div> <a href="/podcasts/what-climate-change-means-bay-bengal-sarang-shidore " class="card-article-large__link"> <div class="card-article-large__title"> What Climate Change Means for the Bay of Bengal, With Sarang Shidore </div> <div class="card-article-large__image"> <span class="card-article-large__icon"> <svg viewBox="0 0 15 25" class="icon icon-podcast" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <title>Podcast</title> <path d="M8.005 20.469v3.489h3.283a.523.523 0 0 1 0 1.042H3.712a.523.523 0 0 1 0-1.042h3.282v-3.49C2.954 20.183 0 16.929 0 12.76c0-.78 1.06-.78 1.06 0 0 3.646 2.88 6.64 6.44 6.64 3.56 0 6.439-2.994 6.439-6.64a.533.533 0 0 1 1.061 0c0 4.167-2.954 7.422-6.995 7.709m4.292-15.495v7.76c0 2.76-2.12 4.975-4.798 4.975-2.676 0-4.797-2.24-4.797-4.975v-7.76C2.702 2.239 4.823 0 7.499 0c2.678 0 4.798 2.239 4.798 4.974m-1.01 7.76v-1.276H9.016c-.505 0-.505-.781 0-.781h2.273V9.375H9.015c-.505 0-.505-.781 0-.781h2.273V7.29H9.015c-.505 0-.505-.78 0-.78h2.273V4.974c0-2.136-1.718-3.88-3.789-3.88-2.07 0-3.787 1.744-3.787 3.88V6.51h2.273c.505 0 .505.78 0 .78H3.712v1.303h2.273c.505 0 .505.781 0 .781H3.712v1.302h2.273c.505 0 .505.781 0 .781H3.712v1.276c0 2.135 1.717 3.88 3.787 3.88 2.071 0 3.789-1.745 3.789-3.88" class="icon-fill" fill="none"/> </svg> </span> <div class="card-article-large__image-cover" style="background-image: url(//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2023/07/230711_TPI%20pic.jpg.webp)"></div> </div> </a> <div class="card-article-large__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">In this special series of <em>The President’s Inbox</em> on climate change, Sarang Shidore, the director of studies and senior research fellow at the Quincy Institute, sits down with James M. Lindsay to discuss the impact of climate change in the Bay of Bengal region. This series is made possible by a grant from the Carnegie Corporation of New York. </div> <div class="card-article-large__metadata"> <span class="card-article-large__publication-type">Podcast</span> <span class="card-article-large__authors">with <a href="https://www.cfr.org/expert/james-m-lindsay" class="card-article-large__authors-link">James M. Lindsay</a> and Sarang Shidore</span> <span class="card-article-large__date"> July 11, 2023</span> <a href="/podcasts/presidents-inbox" class="card-article-large__series"> The President’s Inbox </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </span></div> </li> </ul> </div> <ul class="js-pager__items pager" data-drupal-views-infinite-scroll-pager="automatic"> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="button" href="?page=1" title="Load more items" rel="next">Load More</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> <div id="main-footer-anchor"></div> <footer class="main-footer"> <div class="main-footer__wrapper"> <a href="/" class="main-footer__logo-btn"> <svg viewBox="0 0 125 60" class="main-footer__logo-signature icon-logo-signature" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <title>Council on Foreign Relations</title> <path d="M106.909 13.178c-.502.92-1.081 1.458-1.854 1.458-.713 0-1.01-.522-.975-1.458.062-1.772 1.163-4.833 2.824-4.833.6 0 .999.416.97 1.371-.026.912-.386 2.406-.965 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