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class="o-columnbox1__heading" aria-live="polite">Scholarly Works (16 results)</h2></header><div class="c-sortpagination"><div class="c-sort"><div class="o-input__droplist1"><label for="c-sort1">Sort By:</label><select name="sort" id="c-sort1" form="facetForm"><option selected="" value="rel">Relevance</option><option value="a-title">A-Z By Title</option><option value="z-title">Z-A By Title</option><option value="a-author">A-Z By Author</option><option value="z-author">Z-A By Author</option><option value="asc">Date Ascending</option><option value="desc">Date Descending</option></select></div><div class="o-input__droplist1 c-sort__page-input"><label for="c-sort2">Show:</label><select name="rows" id="c-sort2" form="facetForm"><option selected="" value="10">10</option><option value="20">20</option></select></div></div><input type="hidden" name="start" form="facetForm" value="0"/><nav class="c-pagination"><ul><li><a href="" aria-label="you are on result set 1" class="c-pagination__item--current">1</a></li><li><a href="" aria-label="go to result set 2" class="c-pagination__item">2</a></li></ul></nav></div><section class="c-scholworks"><div class="c-scholworks__main-column"><ul class="c-scholworks__tag-list"><li class="c-scholworks__tag-article">Article</li><li class="c-scholworks__tag-peer">Peer Reviewed</li></ul><div><h3 class="c-scholworks__heading"><a href="/uc/item/9sr4q9gk"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Neurobiology of schizophrenia: Search for the elusive correlation with symptoms</div></a></h3></div><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li class="c-authorlist__begin"><a href="/search/?q=author%3AMathalon%2C%20DH">Mathalon, DH</a>; </li><li class="c-authorlist__end"><a href="/search/?q=author%3AFord%2C%20JM">Ford, JM</a> </li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication"><a href="/uc/ucsf_postprints">UC San Francisco Previously Published Works</a> (2012)</div><div class="c-scholworks__abstract"><div class="c-clientmarkup">In the last half-century, human neuroscience methods provided a way to study schizophrenia in vivo, and established that it is associated with subtle abnormalities in brain structure and function. However, efforts to understand the neurobiological bases of the clinical symptoms that the diagnosis is based on have been largely unsuccessful. In this paper, we provide an overview of the conceptual and methodological obstacles that undermine efforts to link the severity of specific symptoms to specific neurobiological measures. These obstacles include small samples, questionable reliability and validity of measurements, medication confounds, failure to distinguish state and trait effects, correlation-causation ambiguity, and the absence of compelling animal models of specific symptoms to test mechanistic hypotheses derived from brain-symptom correlations. We conclude with recommendations to promote progress in establishing brain-symptom relationships. 漏 2012 Mathalon and Ford.</div></div><div class="c-scholworks__media"><ul class="c-medialist"></ul></div></div><div class="c-scholworks__ancillary"><a class="c-scholworks__thumbnail" href="/uc/item/9sr4q9gk"><img src="/cms-assets/582a0eee90941fa94361d9f0f1fb2e979017eec6f4045bc95bc47bd218e85ec5" alt="Cover page: Neurobiology of schizophrenia: Search for the elusive correlation with symptoms"/></a></div></section><section class="c-scholworks"><div class="c-scholworks__main-column"><ul class="c-scholworks__tag-list"><li class="c-scholworks__tag-article">Article</li><li class="c-scholworks__tag-peer">Peer Reviewed</li></ul><div><h3 class="c-scholworks__heading"><a href="/uc/item/03q8z0hr"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Neurobiology of schizophrenia: Search for the elusive correlation with symptoms</div></a></h3></div><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li class="c-authorlist__begin"><a href="/search/?q=author%3AMathalon%2C%20Daniel">Mathalon, Daniel</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AMathalon%2C%20DH">Mathalon, DH</a>; </li><li class="c-authorlist__end"><a href="/search/?q=author%3AFord%2C%20JM">Ford, JM</a> </li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication"><a href="/uc/ucsf_postprints">UC San Francisco Previously Published Works</a> (2012)</div><div class="c-scholworks__abstract"><div class="c-clientmarkup">In the last half-century, human neuroscience methods provided a way to study schizophrenia in vivo, and established that it is associated with subtle abnormalities in brain structure and function. However, efforts to understand the neurobiological bases of</div></div><div class="c-scholworks__media"><ul class="c-medialist"></ul></div></div></section><section class="c-scholworks"><div class="c-scholworks__main-column"><ul class="c-scholworks__tag-list"><li class="c-scholworks__tag-article">Article</li><li class="c-scholworks__tag-peer">Peer Reviewed</li></ul><div><h3 class="c-scholworks__heading"><a href="/uc/item/8qw0q3cb"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Using concurrent EEG and fMRI to probe the state of the brain in schizophrenia</div></a></h3></div><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li class="c-authorlist__begin"><a href="/search/?q=author%3AMathalon%2C%20Daniel">Mathalon, Daniel</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AFord%2C%20JM">Ford, JM</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3ARoach%2C%20BJ">Roach, BJ</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3APalzes%2C%20VA">Palzes, VA</a>; </li><li class="c-authorlist__end"><a href="/search/?q=author%3AMathalon%2C%20DH">Mathalon, DH</a> </li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication"><a href="/uc/ucsf_postprints">UC San Francisco Previously Published Works</a> (2016)</div><div class="c-scholworks__media"><ul class="c-medialist"></ul></div></div></section><section class="c-scholworks"><div class="c-scholworks__main-column"><ul class="c-scholworks__tag-list"><li class="c-scholworks__tag-article">Article</li><li class="c-scholworks__tag-peer">Peer Reviewed</li></ul><div><h3 class="c-scholworks__heading"><a href="/uc/item/4xb2j9xj"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Chapter 11 Converging evidence for gamma synchrony deficits in schizophrenia</div></a></h3></div><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li class="c-authorlist__begin"><a href="/search/?q=author%3ARoach%2C%20BJ">Roach, BJ</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AFord%2C%20JM">Ford, JM</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AHoffman%2C%20RE">Hoffman, RE</a>; </li><li class="c-authorlist__end"><a href="/search/?q=author%3AMathalon%2C%20DH">Mathalon, DH</a> </li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication"><a href="/uc/ucsf_postprints">UC San Francisco Previously Published Works</a> (2013)</div><div class="c-scholworks__abstract"><div class="c-clientmarkup"><h3>Background</h3>In electroencephalogram (EEG) studies of auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs), patients with schizophrenia show a deficit in power and/or phase-locking, particularly at the 40 Hz frequency where these responses resonate. In addition, studies of the transient gamma-band response (GBR) elicited by single tones have revealed deficits in gamma power and phase-locking in schizophrenia. We examined the degree to which the 40 Hz ASSR and the transient GBR to single tones are correlated and whether they assess overlapping or distinct gamma-band abnormalities in schizophrenia.<h3>Methods</h3>EEG was recorded during 40 Hz ASSR and auditory oddball paradigms from 28 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (SZ) and 25 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC). The ASSR was elicited by 500 ms click trains, and the transient GBR was elicited by the standard tones from the oddball paradigm. Gamma phase and magnitude values, calculated using Morlet wavelet transformations, were used to derive total power and phase-locking measures.<h3>Results</h3>Relative to HC, SZ patients had significant deficits in total gamma power and phase-locking for both ASSR- and GBR-based measures. Within both groups, the 40 Hz ASSR and GBR phase-locking measures were significantly correlated, with a similar trend evident for the total power measures. Moreover, co-varying for GBR substantially reduced 40 Hz ASSR power and phase-locking differences between the groups.<h3>Conclusions</h3>40 Hz ASSR and transient GBR measures provide very similar information about auditory gamma abnormalities in schizophrenia, despite the overall enhancement of 40 Hz ASSR total power and phase-locking values relative to the corresponding GBR values.</div></div><div class="c-scholworks__media"><ul class="c-medialist"></ul></div></div><div class="c-scholworks__ancillary"><a class="c-scholworks__thumbnail" href="/uc/item/4xb2j9xj"><img src="/cms-assets/5d93141b52440cd0a87e2674795db43a923cabe606c2001809bf06c84faf27bd" alt="Cover page: Chapter 11 Converging evidence for gamma synchrony deficits in schizophrenia"/></a></div></section><section class="c-scholworks"><div class="c-scholworks__main-column"><ul class="c-scholworks__tag-list"><li class="c-scholworks__tag-article">Article</li><li class="c-scholworks__tag-peer">Peer Reviewed</li></ul><div><h3 class="c-scholworks__heading"><a href="/uc/item/33p084k7"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Oxytocin administration selectively improves olfactory detection thresholds for lyral in patients with schizophrenia.</div></a></h3></div><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li class="c-authorlist__begin"><a href="/search/?q=author%3AWoolley%2C%20JD">Woolley, JD</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3ALam%2C%20O">Lam, O</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AChuang%2C%20B">Chuang, B</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AFord%2C%20JM">Ford, JM</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AMathalon%2C%20DH">Mathalon, DH</a>; </li><li class="c-authorlist__end"><a href="/search/?q=author%3AVinogradov%2C%20S">Vinogradov, S</a> </li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication"><a href="/uc/ucsf_postprints">UC San Francisco Previously Published Works</a> (2015)</div><div class="c-scholworks__abstract"><div class="c-clientmarkup"><h3>Background</h3>Olfaction plays an important role in mammalian social behavior. Olfactory deficits are common in schizophrenia and correlate with negative symptoms and low social drive. Despite their prominence and possible clinical relevance, little is understood about the pathological mechanisms underlying olfactory deficits in schizophrenia and there are currently no effective treatments for these deficits. The prosocial neuropeptide oxytocin may affect the olfactory system when administered intranasally to humans and there is growing interest in its therapeutic potential in schizophrenia.<h3>Methods</h3>To examine this model, we administered 40IU of oxytocin and placebo intranasally to 31 patients with a schizophrenia spectrum illness and 34 age-matched healthy control participants in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. On each test day, participants completed an olfactory detection threshold test for two different odors: (1) lyral, a synthetic fragrance compound for which patients with schizophrenia have specific olfactory detection threshold deficits, possibly related to decreased cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) signaling; and (2) anise, a compound for which olfactory detection thresholds change with menstrual cycle phase in women.<h3>Results</h3>On the placebo test day, patients with schizophrenia did not significantly differ from healthy controls in detection of either odor. We found that oxytocin administration significantly and selectively improved olfactory detection thresholds for lyral but not for anise in patients with schizophrenia. In contrast, oxytocin had no effect on detection of either odor in healthy controls.<h3>Discussion</h3>Our data indicate that oxytocin administration may ameliorate olfactory deficits in schizophrenia and suggest the effects of intranasal oxytocin may extend to influencing the olfactory system. Given that oxytocin has been found to increase cAMP signaling in vitro a possible mechanism for these effects is discussed.</div></div><div class="c-scholworks__media"><ul class="c-medialist"></ul></div></div><div class="c-scholworks__ancillary"><a class="c-scholworks__thumbnail" href="/uc/item/33p084k7"><img src="/cms-assets/3aa2285fdda7350c23f239cebb22f0c1fce8770efbc78e045ac37393b3ab0935" alt="Cover page: Oxytocin administration selectively improves olfactory detection thresholds for lyral in patients with schizophrenia."/></a><a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" class="c-scholworks__license"><img class="c-lazyimage" data-src="/images/cc-by-small.svg" alt="Creative Commons 'BY' version 4.0 license"/></a></div></section><section class="c-scholworks"><div class="c-scholworks__main-column"><ul class="c-scholworks__tag-list"><li class="c-scholworks__tag-article">Article</li><li class="c-scholworks__tag-peer">Peer Reviewed</li></ul><div><h3 class="c-scholworks__heading"><a href="/uc/item/0vp3x26v"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Inefficient Preparatory fMRI-BOLD Network Activations Predict Working Memory Dysfunctions in Patients with Schizophrenia</div></a></h3></div><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li class="c-authorlist__begin"><a href="/search/?q=author%3AFord%2C%20Judith">Ford, Judith</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3ABaenninger%2C%20A">Baenninger, A</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AHernandez%2C%20LD">Hernandez, LD</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3ARieger%2C%20K">Rieger, K</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AFord%2C%20JM">Ford, JM</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AKottlow%2C%20M">Kottlow, M</a>; </li><li class="c-authorlist__end"><a href="/search/?q=author%3AKoenig%2C%20T">Koenig, T</a> </li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication"><a href="/uc/ucsf_postprints">UC San Francisco Previously Published Works</a> (2016)</div><div class="c-scholworks__media"><ul class="c-medialist"></ul></div></div></section><section class="c-scholworks"><div class="c-scholworks__main-column"><ul class="c-scholworks__tag-list"><li class="c-scholworks__tag-article">Article</li><li class="c-scholworks__tag-peer">Peer Reviewed</li></ul><div><h3 class="c-scholworks__heading"><a href="/uc/item/7tm249mn"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Auditory cortex processes variation in our own speech</div></a></h3></div><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li class="c-authorlist__begin"><a href="/search/?q=author%3AMathalon%2C%20Daniel">Mathalon, Daniel</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AFord%2C%20Judith">Ford, Judith</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AHoude%2C%20John">Houde, John</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3ASitek%2C%20KR">Sitek, KR</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AMathalon%2C%20DH">Mathalon, DH</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3ARoach%2C%20BJ">Roach, BJ</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AHoude%2C%20JF">Houde, JF</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3ANiziolek%2C%20CA">Niziolek, CA</a>; </li><li class="c-authorlist__end"><a href="/search/?q=author%3AFord%2C%20JM">Ford, JM</a> </li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication"><a href="/uc/ucsf_postprints">UC San Francisco Previously Published Works</a> (2013)</div><div class="c-scholworks__abstract"><div class="c-clientmarkup">As we talk, we unconsciously adjust our speech to ensure it sounds the way we intend it to sound. However, because speech production involves complex motor planning and execution, no two utterances of the same sound will be exactly the same. Here, we show</div></div><div class="c-scholworks__media"><ul class="c-medialist"></ul></div></div></section><section class="c-scholworks"><div class="c-scholworks__main-column"><ul class="c-scholworks__tag-list"><li class="c-scholworks__tag-article">Article</li><li class="c-scholworks__tag-peer">Peer Reviewed</li></ul><div><h3 class="c-scholworks__heading"><a href="/uc/item/2p51c1b3"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Auditory Hallucinations and the Brain's Resting-State Networks: Findings and Methodological Observations</div></a></h3></div><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li class="c-authorlist__begin"><a href="/search/?q=author%3AFord%2C%20Judith">Ford, Judith</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AAlderson-Day%2C%20B">Alderson-Day, B</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3ADiederen%2C%20K">Diederen, K</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AFernyhough%2C%20C">Fernyhough, C</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AFord%2C%20JM">Ford, JM</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AHorga%2C%20G">Horga, G</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AMargulies%2C%20DS">Margulies, DS</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AMcCarthy-Jones%2C%20S">McCarthy-Jones, S</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3ANorthoff%2C%20G">Northoff, G</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AShine%2C%20JM">Shine, JM</a>; </li><li class="c-authorlist__end"><a href="/search/?q=author%3ATurner%2C%20J">Turner, J</a> </li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication"><a href="/uc/ucsf_postprints">UC San Francisco Previously Published Works</a> (2016)</div><div class="c-scholworks__media"><ul class="c-medialist"></ul></div></div></section><section class="c-scholworks"><div class="c-scholworks__main-column"><ul class="c-scholworks__tag-list"><li class="c-scholworks__tag-article">Article</li><li class="c-scholworks__tag-peer">Peer Reviewed</li></ul><div><h3 class="c-scholworks__heading"><a href="/uc/item/0gz2598w"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Dynamic functional connectivity analysis reveals transient states of dysconnectivity in schizophrenia</div></a></h3></div><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li class="c-authorlist__begin"><a href="/search/?q=author%3ADamaraju%2C%20E">Damaraju, E</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AAllen%2C%20EA">Allen, EA</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3ABelger%2C%20A">Belger, A</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AFord%2C%20JM">Ford, JM</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AMcEwen%2C%20S">McEwen, S</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AMathalon%2C%20DH">Mathalon, DH</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AMueller%2C%20BA">Mueller, BA</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3APearlson%2C%20GD">Pearlson, GD</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3APotkin%2C%20SG">Potkin, SG</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3APreda%2C%20A">Preda, A</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3ATurner%2C%20JA">Turner, JA</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AVaidya%2C%20JG">Vaidya, JG</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3Avan%20Erp%2C%20TG">van Erp, TG</a>; </li><li class="c-authorlist__end"><a href="/search/?q=author%3ACalhoun%2C%20VD">Calhoun, VD</a> </li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication"><a href="/uc/ucsf_postprints">UC San Francisco Previously Published Works</a> (2014)</div><div class="c-scholworks__abstract"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder characterized by functional dysconnectivity or abnormal integration between distant brain regions. Recent functional imaging studies have implicated large-scale thalamo-cortical connectivity as being disrupted in patients. However, observed connectivity differences in schizophrenia have been inconsistent between studies, with reports of hyperconnectivity and hypoconnectivity between the same brain regions. Using resting state eyes-closed functional imaging and independent component analysis on a multi-site data that included 151 schizophrenia patients and 163 age- and gender matched healthy controls, we decomposed the functional brain data into 100 components and identified 47 as functionally relevant intrinsic connectivity networks. We subsequently evaluated group differences in functional network connectivity, both in a static sense, computed as the pairwise Pearson correlations between the full network time courses (5.4 minutes in length), and a dynamic sense, computed using sliding windows (44 s in length) and k-means clustering to characterize five discrete functional connectivity states. Static connectivity analysis revealed that compared to healthy controls, patients show significantly stronger connectivity, i.e., hyperconnectivity, between the thalamus and sensory networks (auditory, motor and visual), as well as reduced connectivity (hypoconnectivity) between sensory networks from all modalities. Dynamic analysis suggests that (1), on average, schizophrenia patients spend much less time than healthy controls in states typified by strong, large-scale connectivity, and (2), that abnormal connectivity patterns are more pronounced during these connectivity states. In particular, states exhibiting cortical-subcortical antagonism (anti-correlations) and strong positive connectivity between sensory networks are those that show the group differences of thalamic hyperconnectivity and sensory hypoconnectivity. Group differences are weak or absent during other connectivity states. Dynamic analysis also revealed hypoconnectivity between the putamen and sensory networks during the same states of thalamic hyperconnectivity; notably, this finding cannot be observed in the static connectivity analysis. Finally, in post-hoc analyses we observed that the relationships between sub-cortical low frequency power and connectivity with sensory networks is altered in patients, suggesting different functional interactions between sub-cortical nuclei and sensorimotor cortex during specific connectivity states. While important differences between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls have been identified, one should interpret the results with caution given the history of medication in patients. Taken together, our results support and expand current knowledge regarding dysconnectivity in schizophrenia, and strongly advocate the use of dynamic analyses to better account for and understand functional connectivity differences.</div></div><div class="c-scholworks__media"><ul class="c-medialist"></ul></div></div><div class="c-scholworks__ancillary"><a class="c-scholworks__thumbnail" href="/uc/item/0gz2598w"><img src="/cms-assets/bc3aea002c8a5ab7623863a54590b173ac2097b3bca5243962de3897f592ff00" alt="Cover page: Dynamic functional connectivity analysis reveals transient states of dysconnectivity in schizophrenia"/></a></div></section><section class="c-scholworks"><div class="c-scholworks__main-column"><ul class="c-scholworks__tag-list"><li class="c-scholworks__tag-article">Article</li><li class="c-scholworks__tag-peer">Peer Reviewed</li></ul><div><h3 class="c-scholworks__heading"><a href="/uc/item/9z17278g"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Deficient suppression of default mode regions during working memory in individuals with early psychosis and at clinical high-risk for psychosis</div></a></h3></div><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li class="c-authorlist__begin"><a href="/search/?q=author%3AMathalon%2C%20Daniel">Mathalon, Daniel</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AFryer%2C%20SL">Fryer, SL</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AWoods%2C%20SW">Woods, SW</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AKiehl%2C%20KA">Kiehl, KA</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3ACalhoun%2C%20VD">Calhoun, VD</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3APearlson%2C%20GD">Pearlson, GD</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3ARoach%2C%20BJ">Roach, BJ</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AFord%2C%20JM">Ford, JM</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3ASrihari%2C%20VH">Srihari, VH</a>; </li><li><a href="/search/?q=author%3AMcGlashan%2C%20TH">McGlashan, TH</a>; </li><li class="c-authorlist__end"><a href="/search/?q=author%3AMathalon%2C%20DH">Mathalon, DH</a> </li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication"><a href="/uc/ucsf_postprints">UC San Francisco Previously Published Works</a> (2013)</div><div class="c-scholworks__abstract"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Background: The default mode network (DMN) is a set of brain regions typically activated at rest and suppressed during extrinsic cognition. Schizophrenia has been associated with deficient DMN suppression, though the extent to which DMN dysfunction predate</div></div><div class="c-scholworks__media"><ul class="c-medialist"></ul></div></div></section><nav class="c-pagination"><ul><li><a href="" aria-label="you are on result set 1" class="c-pagination__item--current">1</a></li><li><a href="" aria-label="go to result set 2" class="c-pagination__item">2</a></li></ul></nav></section></main></form></div><div><div class="c-toplink"><a href="javascript:window.scrollTo(0, 0)">Top</a></div><footer class="c-footer"><nav class="c-footer__nav"><ul><li><a href="/">Home</a></li><li><a href="/aboutEschol">About eScholarship</a></li><li><a href="/campuses">Campus Sites</a></li><li><a href="/ucoapolicies">UC Open Access Policy</a></li><li><a href="/publishing">eScholarship Publishing</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cdlib.org/about/accessibility.html">Accessibility</a></li><li><a href="/privacypolicy">Privacy Statement</a></li><li><a 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President","type":"link"},{"id":24,"url":"/uc/lbnl","name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","type":"link"},{"id":25,"url":"/uc/anrcs","name":"UC Agriculture & Natural Resources","type":"link"}]},{"id":10,"name":"UC Open Access Policies","slug":"ucoapolicies","type":"page","url":"/ucoapolicies"},{"id":12,"name":"eScholarship Publishing","slug":"publishing","type":"page","url":"/publishing"}],"social":{"facebook":null,"twitter":null,"rss":"/rss/unit/root"},"breadcrumb":[{"name":"eScholarship","id":"root","url":"/"}]},"campuses":[{"id":"","name":"eScholarship at..."},{"id":"ucb","name":"UC Berkeley"},{"id":"ucd","name":"UC Davis"},{"id":"uci","name":"UC Irvine"},{"id":"ucla","name":"UCLA"},{"id":"ucm","name":"UC Merced"},{"id":"ucr","name":"UC Riverside"},{"id":"ucsd","name":"UC San Diego"},{"id":"ucsf","name":"UCSF"},{"id":"ucsb","name":"UC Santa Barbara"},{"id":"ucsc","name":"UC Santa Cruz"},{"id":"ucop","name":"UC Office of the President"},{"id":"lbnl","name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory"},{"id":"anrcs","name":"UC Agriculture & Natural Resources"}],"query":{"q":"author:Ford, JM","sort":"rel","rows":"10","info_start":"0","start":"0","filters":{}},"count":16,"info_count":0,"infoResults":[],"searchResults":[{"id":"qt9sr4q9gk","title":"Neurobiology of schizophrenia: Search for the elusive correlation with symptoms","abstract":"In the last half-century, human neuroscience methods provided a way to study schizophrenia in vivo, and established that it is associated with subtle abnormalities in brain structure and function. However, efforts to understand the neurobiological bases of the clinical symptoms that the diagnosis is based on have been largely unsuccessful. In this paper, we provide an overview of the conceptual and methodological obstacles that undermine efforts to link the severity of specific symptoms to specific neurobiological measures. These obstacles include small samples, questionable reliability and validity of measurements, medication confounds, failure to distinguish state and trait effects, correlation-causation ambiguity, and the absence of compelling animal models of specific symptoms to test mechanistic hypotheses derived from brain-symptom correlations. We conclude with recommendations to promote progress in establishing brain-symptom relationships. \u00A9 2012 Mathalon and Ford.","content_type":"application/pdf","author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Mathalon, DH","email":"daniel.mathalon@ucsf.edu","fname":"DH","lname":"Mathalon","ORCID_id":"0000-0001-6090-4974"},{"name":"Ford, JM","fname":"JM","lname":"Ford"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":{"width":121,"height":174,"asset_id":"582a0eee90941fa94361d9f0f1fb2e979017eec6f4045bc95bc47bd218e85ec5","timestamp":1439920342,"image_type":"png"},"pub_year":2012,"genre":"article","rights":null,"peerReviewed":true,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"UC San Francisco Previously Published Works","link_path":"ucsf_postprints"}},{"id":"qt03q8z0hr","title":"Neurobiology of schizophrenia: Search for the elusive correlation with symptoms","abstract":"In the last half-century, human neuroscience methods provided a way to study schizophrenia in vivo, and established that it is associated with subtle abnormalities in brain structure and function. However, efforts to understand the neurobiological bases of","content_type":null,"author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Mathalon, Daniel","email":"Daniel.Mathalon@ucsf.edu","fname":"Daniel","lname":"Mathalon","institution":"UCSF"},{"name":"Mathalon, DH","fname":"DH","lname":"Mathalon"},{"name":"Ford, JM","fname":"JM","lname":"Ford"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":null,"pub_year":2012,"genre":"article","rights":null,"peerReviewed":true,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"UC San Francisco Previously Published Works","link_path":"ucsf_postprints"}},{"id":"qt8qw0q3cb","title":"Using concurrent EEG and fMRI to probe the state of the brain in schizophrenia","abstract":null,"content_type":null,"author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Mathalon, Daniel","email":"Daniel.Mathalon@ucsf.edu","fname":"Daniel","lname":"Mathalon","institution":"UCSF"},{"name":"Ford, JM","fname":"JM","lname":"Ford"},{"name":"Roach, BJ","fname":"BJ","lname":"Roach"},{"name":"Palzes, VA","fname":"VA","lname":"Palzes"},{"name":"Mathalon, DH","fname":"DH","lname":"Mathalon"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":null,"pub_year":2016,"genre":"article","rights":null,"peerReviewed":true,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"UC San Francisco Previously Published Works","link_path":"ucsf_postprints"}},{"id":"qt4xb2j9xj","title":"Chapter 11 Converging evidence for gamma synchrony deficits in schizophrenia","abstract":"<h4>Background</h4>In electroencephalogram (EEG) studies of auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs), patients with schizophrenia show a deficit in power and/or phase-locking, particularly at the 40 Hz frequency where these responses resonate. In addition, studies of the transient gamma-band response (GBR) elicited by single tones have revealed deficits in gamma power and phase-locking in schizophrenia. We examined the degree to which the 40 Hz ASSR and the transient GBR to single tones are correlated and whether they assess overlapping or distinct gamma-band abnormalities in schizophrenia.<h4>Methods</h4>EEG was recorded during 40 Hz ASSR and auditory oddball paradigms from 28 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (SZ) and 25 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC). The ASSR was elicited by 500 ms click trains, and the transient GBR was elicited by the standard tones from the oddball paradigm. Gamma phase and magnitude values, calculated using Morlet wavelet transformations, were used to derive total power and phase-locking measures.<h4>Results</h4>Relative to HC, SZ patients had significant deficits in total gamma power and phase-locking for both ASSR- and GBR-based measures. Within both groups, the 40 Hz ASSR and GBR phase-locking measures were significantly correlated, with a similar trend evident for the total power measures. Moreover, co-varying for GBR substantially reduced 40 Hz ASSR power and phase-locking differences between the groups.<h4>Conclusions</h4>40 Hz ASSR and transient GBR measures provide very similar information about auditory gamma abnormalities in schizophrenia, despite the overall enhancement of 40 Hz ASSR total power and phase-locking values relative to the corresponding GBR values.","content_type":"application/pdf","author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Roach, BJ","fname":"BJ","lname":"Roach"},{"name":"Ford, JM","fname":"JM","lname":"Ford"},{"name":"Hoffman, RE","fname":"RE","lname":"Hoffman"},{"name":"Mathalon, DH","email":"daniel.mathalon@ucsf.edu","fname":"DH","lname":"Mathalon","ORCID_id":"0000-0001-6090-4974"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":{"width":121,"height":149,"asset_id":"5d93141b52440cd0a87e2674795db43a923cabe606c2001809bf06c84faf27bd","timestamp":1680543776,"image_type":"png"},"pub_year":2013,"genre":"article","rights":null,"peerReviewed":true,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"UC San Francisco Previously Published Works","link_path":"ucsf_postprints"}},{"id":"qt33p084k7","title":"Oxytocin administration selectively improves olfactory detection thresholds for lyral in patients with schizophrenia.","abstract":"<h4>Background</h4>Olfaction plays an important role in mammalian social behavior. Olfactory deficits are common in schizophrenia and correlate with negative symptoms and low social drive. Despite their prominence and possible clinical relevance, little is understood about the pathological mechanisms underlying olfactory deficits in schizophrenia and there are currently no effective treatments for these deficits. The prosocial neuropeptide oxytocin may affect the olfactory system when administered intranasally to humans and there is growing interest in its therapeutic potential in schizophrenia.<h4>Methods</h4>To examine this model, we administered 40IU of oxytocin and placebo intranasally to 31 patients with a schizophrenia spectrum illness and 34 age-matched healthy control participants in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. On each test day, participants completed an olfactory detection threshold test for two different odors: (1) lyral, a synthetic fragrance compound for which patients with schizophrenia have specific olfactory detection threshold deficits, possibly related to decreased cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) signaling; and (2) anise, a compound for which olfactory detection thresholds change with menstrual cycle phase in women.<h4>Results</h4>On the placebo test day, patients with schizophrenia did not significantly differ from healthy controls in detection of either odor. We found that oxytocin administration significantly and selectively improved olfactory detection thresholds for lyral but not for anise in patients with schizophrenia. In contrast, oxytocin had no effect on detection of either odor in healthy controls.<h4>Discussion</h4>Our data indicate that oxytocin administration may ameliorate olfactory deficits in schizophrenia and suggest the effects of intranasal oxytocin may extend to influencing the olfactory system. Given that oxytocin has been found to increase cAMP signaling in vitro a possible mechanism for these effects is discussed.","content_type":"application/pdf","author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Woolley, JD","email":"josh.woolley@ucsf.edu","fname":"JD","lname":"Woolley","ORCID_id":"0000-0002-4378-0014"},{"name":"Lam, O","fname":"O","lname":"Lam"},{"name":"Chuang, B","fname":"B","lname":"Chuang"},{"name":"Ford, JM","fname":"JM","lname":"Ford"},{"name":"Mathalon, DH","email":"daniel.mathalon@ucsf.edu","fname":"DH","lname":"Mathalon","ORCID_id":"0000-0001-6090-4974"},{"name":"Vinogradov, S","fname":"S","lname":"Vinogradov"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":{"width":121,"height":167,"asset_id":"3aa2285fdda7350c23f239cebb22f0c1fce8770efbc78e045ac37393b3ab0935","timestamp":1427927732,"image_type":"jpeg"},"pub_year":2015,"genre":"article","rights":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","peerReviewed":true,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"UC San Francisco Previously Published Works","link_path":"ucsf_postprints"}},{"id":"qt0vp3x26v","title":"Inefficient Preparatory fMRI-BOLD Network Activations Predict Working Memory Dysfunctions in Patients with Schizophrenia","abstract":null,"content_type":null,"author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Ford, Judith","email":"Judith.Ford@ucsf.edu","fname":"Judith","lname":"Ford","institution":"UCSF"},{"name":"Baenninger, A","fname":"A","lname":"Baenninger"},{"name":"Hernandez, LD","fname":"LD","lname":"Hernandez"},{"name":"Rieger, K","fname":"K","lname":"Rieger"},{"name":"Ford, JM","fname":"JM","lname":"Ford"},{"name":"Kottlow, M","fname":"M","lname":"Kottlow"},{"name":"Koenig, T","fname":"T","lname":"Koenig"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":null,"pub_year":2016,"genre":"article","rights":null,"peerReviewed":true,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"UC San Francisco Previously Published Works","link_path":"ucsf_postprints"}},{"id":"qt7tm249mn","title":"Auditory cortex processes variation in our own speech","abstract":"As we talk, we unconsciously adjust our speech to ensure it sounds the way we intend it to sound. However, because speech production involves complex motor planning and execution, no two utterances of the same sound will be exactly the same. Here, we show","content_type":null,"author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Mathalon, Daniel","email":"Daniel.Mathalon@ucsf.edu","fname":"Daniel","lname":"Mathalon","institution":"UCSF"},{"name":"Ford, Judith","email":"Judith.Ford@ucsf.edu","fname":"Judith","lname":"Ford","institution":"UCSF"},{"name":"Houde, John","email":"houde@phy.ucsf.edu","fname":"John","lname":"Houde","institution":"UCSF"},{"name":"Sitek, KR","fname":"KR","lname":"Sitek"},{"name":"Mathalon, DH","fname":"DH","lname":"Mathalon"},{"name":"Roach, BJ","fname":"BJ","lname":"Roach"},{"name":"Houde, JF","fname":"JF","lname":"Houde"},{"name":"Niziolek, CA","fname":"CA","lname":"Niziolek"},{"name":"Ford, JM","fname":"JM","lname":"Ford"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":null,"pub_year":2013,"genre":"article","rights":null,"peerReviewed":true,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"UC San Francisco Previously Published Works","link_path":"ucsf_postprints"}},{"id":"qt2p51c1b3","title":"Auditory Hallucinations and the Brain's Resting-State Networks: Findings and Methodological Observations","abstract":null,"content_type":null,"author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Ford, Judith","email":"Judith.Ford@ucsf.edu","fname":"Judith","lname":"Ford","institution":"UCSF"},{"name":"Alderson-Day, B","fname":"B","lname":"Alderson-Day"},{"name":"Diederen, K","fname":"K","lname":"Diederen"},{"name":"Fernyhough, C","fname":"C","lname":"Fernyhough"},{"name":"Ford, JM","fname":"JM","lname":"Ford"},{"name":"Horga, G","fname":"G","lname":"Horga"},{"name":"Margulies, DS","fname":"DS","lname":"Margulies"},{"name":"McCarthy-Jones, S","fname":"S","lname":"McCarthy-Jones"},{"name":"Northoff, G","fname":"G","lname":"Northoff"},{"name":"Shine, JM","fname":"JM","lname":"Shine"},{"name":"Turner, J","fname":"J","lname":"Turner"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":null,"pub_year":2016,"genre":"article","rights":null,"peerReviewed":true,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"UC San Francisco Previously Published Works","link_path":"ucsf_postprints"}},{"id":"qt0gz2598w","title":"Dynamic functional connectivity analysis reveals transient states of dysconnectivity in schizophrenia","abstract":"Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder characterized by functional dysconnectivity or abnormal integration between distant brain regions. Recent functional imaging studies have implicated large-scale thalamo-cortical connectivity as being disrupted in patients. However, observed connectivity differences in schizophrenia have been inconsistent between studies, with reports of hyperconnectivity and hypoconnectivity between the same brain regions. Using resting state eyes-closed functional imaging and independent component analysis on a multi-site data that included 151 schizophrenia patients and 163 age- and gender matched healthy controls, we decomposed the functional brain data into 100 components and identified 47 as functionally relevant intrinsic connectivity networks. We subsequently evaluated group differences in functional network connectivity, both in a static sense, computed as the pairwise Pearson correlations between the full network time courses (5.4 minutes in length), and a dynamic sense, computed using sliding windows (44 s in length) and k-means clustering to characterize five discrete functional connectivity states. Static connectivity analysis revealed that compared to healthy controls, patients show significantly stronger connectivity, i.e., hyperconnectivity, between the thalamus and sensory networks (auditory, motor and visual), as well as reduced connectivity (hypoconnectivity) between sensory networks from all modalities. Dynamic analysis suggests that (1), on average, schizophrenia patients spend much less time than healthy controls in states typified by strong, large-scale connectivity, and (2), that abnormal connectivity patterns are more pronounced during these connectivity states. In particular, states exhibiting cortical-subcortical antagonism (anti-correlations) and strong positive connectivity between sensory networks are those that show the group differences of thalamic hyperconnectivity and sensory hypoconnectivity. Group differences are weak or absent during other connectivity states. Dynamic analysis also revealed hypoconnectivity between the putamen and sensory networks during the same states of thalamic hyperconnectivity; notably, this finding cannot be observed in the static connectivity analysis. Finally, in post-hoc analyses we observed that the relationships between sub-cortical low frequency power and connectivity with sensory networks is altered in patients, suggesting different functional interactions between sub-cortical nuclei and sensorimotor cortex during specific connectivity states. While important differences between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls have been identified, one should interpret the results with caution given the history of medication in patients. Taken together, our results support and expand current knowledge regarding dysconnectivity in schizophrenia, and strongly advocate the use of dynamic analyses to better account for and understand functional connectivity differences.","content_type":"application/pdf","author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Damaraju, E","fname":"E","lname":"Damaraju"},{"name":"Allen, EA","fname":"EA","lname":"Allen"},{"name":"Belger, A","fname":"A","lname":"Belger"},{"name":"Ford, JM","fname":"JM","lname":"Ford"},{"name":"McEwen, S","fname":"S","lname":"McEwen"},{"name":"Mathalon, DH","email":"daniel.mathalon@ucsf.edu","fname":"DH","lname":"Mathalon","ORCID_id":"0000-0001-6090-4974"},{"name":"Mueller, BA","fname":"BA","lname":"Mueller"},{"name":"Pearlson, GD","fname":"GD","lname":"Pearlson"},{"name":"Potkin, SG","email":"sgpotkin@uci.edu","fname":"SG","lname":"Potkin"},{"name":"Preda, A","email":"apreda@uci.edu","fname":"A","lname":"Preda","ORCID_id":"0000-0003-3373-2438"},{"name":"Turner, JA","fname":"JA","lname":"Turner"},{"name":"Vaidya, JG","fname":"JG","lname":"Vaidya"},{"name":"van Erp, TG","email":"tvanerp@uci.edu","fname":"TG","lname":"van Erp","ORCID_id":"0000-0002-2465-2797"},{"name":"Calhoun, VD","fname":"VD","lname":"Calhoun"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":{"width":121,"height":161,"asset_id":"bc3aea002c8a5ab7623863a54590b173ac2097b3bca5243962de3897f592ff00","timestamp":1441308595,"image_type":"jpeg"},"pub_year":2014,"genre":"article","rights":null,"peerReviewed":true,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"UC San Francisco Previously Published Works","link_path":"ucsf_postprints"}},{"id":"qt9z17278g","title":"Deficient suppression of default mode regions during working memory in individuals with early psychosis and at clinical high-risk for psychosis","abstract":"Background: The default mode network (DMN) is a set of brain regions typically activated at rest and suppressed during extrinsic cognition. Schizophrenia has been associated with deficient DMN suppression, though the extent to which DMN dysfunction predate","content_type":null,"author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Mathalon, Daniel","email":"Daniel.Mathalon@ucsf.edu","fname":"Daniel","lname":"Mathalon","institution":"UCSF"},{"name":"Fryer, SL","fname":"SL","lname":"Fryer"},{"name":"Woods, SW","fname":"SW","lname":"Woods"},{"name":"Kiehl, KA","fname":"KA","lname":"Kiehl"},{"name":"Calhoun, VD","fname":"VD","lname":"Calhoun"},{"name":"Pearlson, GD","fname":"GD","lname":"Pearlson"},{"name":"Roach, BJ","fname":"BJ","lname":"Roach"},{"name":"Ford, JM","fname":"JM","lname":"Ford"},{"name":"Srihari, VH","fname":"VH","lname":"Srihari"},{"name":"McGlashan, TH","fname":"TH","lname":"McGlashan"},{"name":"Mathalon, DH","fname":"DH","lname":"Mathalon"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":null,"pub_year":2013,"genre":"article","rights":null,"peerReviewed":true,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"UC San Francisco Previously Published Works","link_path":"ucsf_postprints"}}],"facets":[{"display":"Type of Work","fieldName":"type_of_work","facets":[{"value":"article","count":16,"displayName":"Article"},{"value":"monograph","count":0,"displayName":"Book"},{"value":"dissertation","count":0,"displayName":"Theses"},{"value":"multimedia","count":0,"displayName":"Multimedia"}]},{"display":"Peer Review","fieldName":"peer_reviewed","facets":[{"value":"1","count":16,"displayName":"Peer-reviewed only"}]},{"display":"Supplemental Material","fieldName":"supp_file_types","facets":[{"value":"video","count":0,"displayName":"Video"},{"value":"audio","count":0,"displayName":"Audio"},{"value":"images","count":0,"displayName":"Images"},{"value":"zip","count":0,"displayName":"Zip"},{"value":"other files","count":0,"displayName":"Other files"}]},{"display":"Publication Year","fieldName":"pub_year","range":{"pub_year_start":null,"pub_year_end":null}},{"display":"Campus","fieldName":"campuses","facets":[{"value":"ucb","count":0,"displayName":"UC Berkeley"},{"value":"ucd","count":0,"displayName":"UC Davis"},{"value":"uci","count":5,"displayName":"UC Irvine"},{"value":"ucla","count":0,"displayName":"UCLA"},{"value":"ucm","count":0,"displayName":"UC Merced"},{"value":"ucr","count":0,"displayName":"UC Riverside"},{"value":"ucsd","count":1,"displayName":"UC San Diego"},{"value":"ucsf","count":16,"displayName":"UCSF"},{"value":"ucsb","count":0,"displayName":"UC Santa Barbara"},{"value":"ucsc","count":0,"displayName":"UC Santa Cruz"},{"value":"ucop","count":0,"displayName":"UC Office of the President"},{"value":"lbnl","count":0,"displayName":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory"},{"value":"anrcs","count":0,"displayName":"UC Agriculture & Natural Resources"}]},{"display":"Department","fieldName":"departments","facets":[{"value":"ucsdsom","count":1,"displayName":"School of Medicine"}]},{"display":"Journal","fieldName":"journals","facets":[]},{"display":"Discipline","fieldName":"disciplines","facets":[]},{"display":"Reuse License","fieldName":"rights","facets":[{"value":"CC BY","count":2,"displayName":"BY - Attribution required"}]}]};</script> <script src="/js/vendors~app-bundle-7424603c338d723fd773.js"></script> <script src="/js/app-bundle-8362e6d7829414ab4baa.js"></script> </body> </html>