CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" content="text/html;charset=utf-8;"> <title data-react-helmet="true" property="og:title">branch | Etymology of branch by etymonline</title> <meta data-react-helmet="true" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="theme-color" content="#83001d"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#83001d"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="msapplication-TileImage" content="/ms-icon-144x144.png"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="description" property="og:description" content="&quot;division or subdivision of the stem of a tree or bush&quot; (also used of things resembling a… See origin and meaning of branch."/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:image" content="https://www.etymonline.com/graphics/header.jpg"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="twitter:card" content="summary"/> <link data-react-helmet="true" rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://www.etymonline.com/opensearch.xml" title="Etymonline Search"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="chrome-webstore-item" href="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/giehjnnlopapngdjbjjgddpaagoimmgl"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/apple-icon-57x57.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/apple-icon-60x60.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/apple-icon-72x72.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/apple-icon-76x76.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/apple-icon-114x114.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/apple-icon-120x120.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/apple-icon-144x144.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/apple-icon-152x152.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/apple-icon-180x180.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/android-icon-192x192.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/favicon-32x32.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="96x96" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/favicon-96x96.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/favicon/favicon-16x16.png"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json"/><link data-react-helmet="true" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/fontawesome/css/font-awesome.min.css"/><link data-react-helmet="true" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/style.1ca52a5f895b4c08a29e26a206c2dacb.css"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="canonical" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/branch"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="en" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/branch"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="zh" href="https://www.etymonline.com/cn/word/branch"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="de" href="https://www.etymonline.com/de/word/branch"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="es" href="https://www.etymonline.com/es/word/branch"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="fr" href="https://www.etymonline.com/fr/word/branch"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="it" href="https://www.etymonline.com/it/word/branch"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="ja" href="https://www.etymonline.com/jp/word/branch"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="ko" href="https://www.etymonline.com/kr/word/branch"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="pt" href="https://www.etymonline.com/pt/word/branch"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="zh-TW" href="https://www.etymonline.com/tw/word/branch"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="alternate" hrefLang="x-default" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/branch"/> <style data-react-helmet="true" type="text/css">@-webkit-keyframes slideDown{0%{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}100%{-webkit-transform:translateY(100%);transform:translateY(100%)}}@keyframes slideDown{0%{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}100%{-webkit-transform:translateY(100%);transform:translateY(100%)}}@-webkit-keyframes slideUp{0%{-webkit-transform:translateY(100%);transform:translateY(100%)}100%{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}}@keyframes slideUp{0%{-webkit-transform:translateY(100%);transform:translateY(100%)}100%{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}}</style> <script async src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"></script><script>window.googletag = window.googletag || {cmd: []};</script> </head> <body> <div id="root"><div data-reactroot=""><div class="container--1mazc"><div class="header header--1Mejf header__vanila--2dqaM header--top header__sticky--1w7Bc"><div class="header__vanila__container--CElq1"><div class="ant-row"><div class="ant-col-sm-17"><div class="inner--7ZeMs" data-role="header-inner"><div class="header__logo--12Lje" data-role="header-logo"><a href="/" title="Etymology"><img class="header__logo__image--2avl2" src="https://cdn.etymonline.com/web/logo.png" alt="Etymology"/></a></div><div class="header__searchbar--3yKr5" data-role="header-searchbar"><div class="searchform"><form class="searchbar--3dK8Z searchbar" action="/search"><div role="combobox" aria-haspopup="listbox" aria-owns="react-autowhatever-1" aria-expanded="false" class="searchbar__container--2VZd7"><input type="text" value="" autoComplete="off" aria-autocomplete="list" aria-controls="react-autowhatever-1" class="searchbar__input--3L4IY" id="search-bar-text-input" placeholder="Search" name="q" required="" autoCapitalize="off" autoCorrect="off" title="Type a word to search."/><div id="react-autowhatever-1" role="listbox"></div></div><div class="search-clear"><i class="fa fa-times-circle"></i></div><input type="submit" title="Search" value="" class="searchbar__button--3luO1"/></form></div></div></div></div><div class="ant-col-sm-6 ant-col-sm-offset-1"><div class="userInfo--3pEnp"><a class="userInfo_login--1peTS" href="/web/login?redirect_uri=%2Fword%2Fbranch" rel="nofollow">Log in</a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="main main--10rAd" data-role="content-main"><div class="ant-row-flex ant-row-flex-space-around"><div class="ant-col-xs-24 ant-col-sm-24 ant-col-md-24 ant-col-lg-17"><div data-ad-container="true" class="adContainer--6CVz1 vertical"><span class="adLabel--35hfi">Advertisement</span><div id="div-gpt-ad-pc-wd-top" style="min-width:728px;min-height:90px"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa"><div><div class="" style="position:relative"><h1 title="Origin and meaning of branch" class="word__name--TTbAA">branch<!-- --> <!-- -->(n.)</h1><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH"><p>c. 1300, <span class="foreign notranslate">braunch</span>, &quot;division or subdivision of the stem of a tree or bush&quot; (also used of things resembling a branch in its relation to a trunk, such as geographic features, lines of family descent), from Old French <span class="foreign notranslate">branche</span> &quot;branch, bough, twig; branch of a family&quot; (12c.), from Late Latin <span class="foreign notranslate">branca</span> &quot;footprint,&quot; later &quot;a claw, paw,&quot; which is of unknown origin, said to be probably from Gaulish. The connecting notion would be the shape (compare <a href="/word/pedigree" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of pedigree " class="crossreference notranslate">pedigree</a>).</p> <p>In English it replaced native <a href="/word/bough" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of bough " class="crossreference notranslate">bough</a>. The meaning &quot;local office of a business&quot; is recorded by 1817, from the earlier sense of &quot;component part of a system&quot; (1690s).</p></section><div class="word__firstRecorded--3lZB8">also from<!-- --> <a rel="nofollow" class="word__firstRecorded_time--28qNE" href="/search?sort=a&amp;q=from:c.%201300">c. 1300</a></div></div></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa"><div><div class="" style="position:relative"><div id="etymonline_v_43996" style="position:absolute;top:-100px"></div><p title="Origin and meaning of branch" class="word__name--TTbAA">branch<!-- --> <!-- -->(v.)</p><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH"><p>&quot;send out shoots or new limbs,&quot; late 14c., also, of blood vessels, family trees, etc., &quot;be forked,&quot; from <a href="/word/branch#etymonline_v_15720" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of branch " class="crossreference notranslate">branch</a> (n.). The meaning &quot;spread out from a center, radiate&quot; is from c. 1400. Related: <span class="foreign notranslate">Branched</span>; <span class="foreign notranslate">branching</span>.</p></section><div class="word__firstRecorded--3lZB8">also from<!-- --> <a rel="nofollow" class="word__firstRecorded_time--28qNE" href="/search?sort=a&amp;q=from:late%2014c.">late 14c.</a></div></div></div></div><div class="related--32LCi"><h3 class="h3_title" title="words related to branch">Entries linking to <i>branch</i></h3><div class="related__details--2kumU"><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8"><div><a class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of bough" href="/word/bough#etymonline_v_15654">bough<!-- --> <!-- -->(n.)<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></a><div class="word__etymology_expand--1s7tE"><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined"><div></div><p>Middle English <span class="foreign notranslate">bough</span>, from Old English <span class="foreign notranslate">bog</span> &quot;shoulder, arm,&quot; extended in Old English to &quot;twig, branch of a tree&quot; (compare <a href="/word/limb#etymonline_v_9522" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of limb " class="crossreference notranslate">limb</a> (n.1)), from Proto-Germanic <span class="foreign notranslate">*bogaz</span> (source also of Old Norse <span class="foreign notranslate">bogr</span> &quot;shoulder,&quot; Old High German <span class="foreign notranslate">buog</span> &quot;upper part of the arm or leg,&quot; German <span class="foreign notranslate">Bug</span> &quot;shoulder, hock, joint&quot;), from PIE root <span class="foreign notranslate">*bhagu-</span> &quot;arm&quot; (source also of Sanskrit <span class="foreign notranslate">bahus</span> &quot;arm,&quot; Armenian <span class="foreign notranslate">bazuk</span>, Greek <span class="foreign notranslate">pakhys</span> &quot;forearm&quot;). The &quot;limb of a tree&quot; sense is peculiar to English.</p></section></div></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8"><div><a class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of pedigree" href="/word/pedigree#etymonline_v_10248">pedigree<!-- --> <!-- -->(n.)<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></a><div class="word__etymology_expand--1s7tE"><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined"><div></div><p>early 15c., <span class="foreign notranslate">pedigrue</span>, &quot;genealogical table or chart,&quot; from Anglo-French <span class="foreign notranslate">pe de gru</span>, a variant of Old French <span class="foreign notranslate">pied de gru</span> &quot;foot of a crane,&quot; from Latin <span class="foreign notranslate">pedem</span> accusative of <span class="foreign notranslate">pes</span> &quot;foot&quot; (from PIE root <a href="/word/*ped-" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of *ped- " rel="nofollow" class="crossreference notranslate">*ped-</a> &quot;foot&quot;) + <span class="foreign notranslate">gruem</span> (nominative <span class="foreign notranslate">grus</span>) &quot;crane,&quot; cognate with Greek <span class="foreign notranslate">geranos</span>, Old English <span class="foreign notranslate">cran</span>; see <a href="/word/crane#etymonline_v_296" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of crane " class="crossreference notranslate">crane</a> (n.)).</p> <p>On old manuscripts, &quot;descent&quot; was indicated by a forked sign resembling the branching lines of a genealogical chart; the sign also happened to look like a bird&#x27;s footprint. On this theory the form was influenced in Middle English by association with <span class="foreign notranslate">degree</span>. This explanation dates back to Skeat and Sweet in the late 1800s. The word obviously is of French origin, and <span class="foreign notranslate">pied de gru</span> is the only Old French term answering to the earliest English forms, but this sense is not attested in Old French (Modern French <span class="foreign notranslate">pédigree</span> is from English). Perhaps it was a fanciful extension developed in Anglo-French. Other explanations are considered untenable.</p> <blockquote> The crane was at the time in question very common in England and France, and it figures in many similes, proverbs, and allusions. The term appears to be extant in the surname <span class="foreign notranslate">Pettigrew, Pettygrew</span> .... [Century Dictionary]  </blockquote> <p>Meaning &quot;ancestral line&quot; is mid-15c.; of animals, c. 1600. Related: <span class="foreign notranslate">Pedigreed</span>.</p></section></div></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div></div></div><div data-ad-container="true" class="adContainer--6CVz1 vertical" style="margin-top:1em"><span class="adLabel--35hfi">Advertisement</span><ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-7093273770345366" style="display:block;width:100%" data-ad-slot="8757723469" data-ad-format="auto" data-full-width-responsive="true"></ins></div><div class="ngram--SmXCf"><h3 class="h3_title" title="Trends of branch">Trends of <i>branch</i></h3><div class="ngram__container--NwjaG" style="height:200px"><canvas id="ngram-chart"></canvas></div><div class="ngram__footer--3-9dX">adapted from books.google.com/ngrams/. Ngrams are probably unreliable.</div></div><div class="related--32LCi"><h3 class="h3_title" title="More to Explore">More to Explore</h3><div class="related__details--2kumU"><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="syn_ant" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of fork" href="/word/fork"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">fork<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">Old English forca, force &quot;pitchfork, forked instrument, forked weapon,&quot; from a Germanic borrowing (Old Frisian forke, Dutch vork, Old Norse forkr, Danish fork) of Latin furca &quot;two-pronged fork; pitchfork; fork used in cooking,&quot; a word of uncertain origin. Old English also had for</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="syn_ant" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of separate" href="/word/separate"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">separate<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">early 15c., separaten, transitive, &quot;remove, detach completely; divide (something), sever the connection or association of,&quot; from Latin separatus, past participle of separare &quot;to pull apart,&quot; from se- &quot;apart&quot; (see secret (n.)) + parare &quot;make ready, prepare&quot; (from PIE root *pere- (</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="syn_ant" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of leg" href="/word/leg"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">leg<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">late 13c., from a Scandinavian source, probably Old Norse leggr &quot;a leg, bone of the arm or leg,&quot; from Proto-Germanic *lagjaz (cognates Danish læg, Swedish läg &quot;the calf of the leg&quot;), a word with no certain ulterior connections. Perhaps from a PIE root meaning &quot;to bend&quot; [Buck]. Fo</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of orthography" href="/word/orthography"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">orthography<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">mid-15c., ortographie, ortografie, &quot;branch of knowledge concerned with correct or proper spelling,&quot; from Old French ortografie...The meaning &quot;branch of language study which treats of the nature and properties of letters&quot; is from 1580s....</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of antler" href="/word/antler"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">antler<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">late 14c., &quot;first tine or branch of the horns of a deer,&quot; from Anglo-French auntiler, Old French antoillier (14c., Modern...Later used of any branch of the horns. Related: Antlered (1813)....</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of arm" href="/word/arm"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">arm<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">The meaning &quot;branch of military service&quot; is from 1798, hence &quot;branch of any organization&quot; (by 1952)....</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of executive" href="/word/executive"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">executive<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">1640s, &quot;capable of performance&quot; (a sense now obsolete), also &quot;of the branch of government that carries out the laws,&quot; from...The noun meaning &quot;person or persons invested with supreme executive power in a country&quot; is from 1776, as a branch of government...</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="other_relation" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of bark" href="/word/bark"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">bark<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">&quot;tree skin, hard covering of plants,&quot; c. 1300, from a Scandinavian source akin to Old Norse börkr &quot;bark,&quot; from Proto-Germanic *barkuz, which probably is related to birch and Low German borke. The native word was rind....&quot;any small vessel or ship,&quot; early 15c., from French barque &quot;</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="other_relation" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of ram" href="/word/ram"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">ram<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">Old English ramm &quot;male sheep,&quot; also &quot;battering ram, instrument for crushing or driving by impact,&quot; and the zodiac sign; earlier rom &quot;male sheep,&quot; a West Germanic word (cognates: Middle Low German, Middle Dutch, Dutch, Old High German ram), of unknown origin. Perhaps [Klein] conne</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="other_relation" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of mar" href="/word/mar"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">mar<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">Middle English merren &quot;to deface, disfigure; impair in form or substance&quot; (early 13c.), from Old English merran (Anglian), mierran (West Saxon) &quot;to waste, spoil,&quot; from Proto-Germanic *marzjan (source also of Old Frisian meria, Old High German marren &quot;to hinder, obstruct,&quot; Gothic </section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div></div></div><div class="share-tool socialShare--223YS"><h3 title="Share branch to social networks" class="socialShare__title--34iP2">Share <i>branch</i></h3><div class="cite--1qJ-_ share-cite">‘<!-- -->cite<!-- -->’</div><a title="Share on Facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Fbranch" data-social-target="Facebook" target="blank" rel="nofollow" class="fa share socialShare__icon--3FJac socialShare__icon__facebook--2fm3U fa-facebook"></a><a title="Share on Twitter" href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Fbranch&amp;text=branch%20%7C%20Etymology%20of%20branch%20by%20etymonline" data-social-target="Twitter" target="blank" rel="nofollow" class="fa share socialShare__icon--3FJac socialShare__icon__twitter--1iFxf fa-twitter"></a><a title="Share on Reddit" href="https://www.reddit.com/submit?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Fbranch&amp;title=branch%20%7C%20Etymology%20of%20branch%20by%20etymonline" data-social-target="Reddit" target="blank" rel="nofollow" class="fa share socialShare__icon--3FJac socialShare__icon__reddit--30bBu fa-reddit"></a><a title="Share on Email" href="mailto:?subject=branch%20%7C%20Etymology%20of%20branch%20by%20etymonline&amp;body=%22division%20or%20subdivision%20of%20the%20stem%20of%20a%20tree%20or%20bush%22%20(also%20used%20of%20things%20resembling%20a%E2%80%A6%20See%20origin%20and%20meaning%20of%20branch.%0Afrom%20https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Fbranch%20Find%20out%20more%20at%20etymonline.com" data-social-target="Email" target="blank" rel="nofollow" class="fa share socialShare__icon--3FJac socialShare__icon__email--3hVBm fa-email"></a><div class="cite__content--3ghsO cite-content"><div class="cite__content_title--3ABWh">Page URL:</div><textarea class="cite__content_textarea--3zgJO cite-textarea" readonly="">https://www.etymonline.com/word/branch</textarea><div class="cite__content_title--3ABWh">HTML Link:</div><textarea class="cite__content_textarea--3zgJO cite-textarea" readonly="">&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.etymonline.com/word/branch&quot;&gt;Etymology of branch by etymonline&lt;/a&gt;</textarea><div class="cite__content_title--3ABWh">APA style:</div><textarea class="cite__content_textarea--3zgJO cite-textarea" readonly="">Harper, D. (n.d.). Etymology of branch. Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved $(datetime), from https://www.etymonline.com/word/branch</textarea><div class="cite__content_title--3ABWh">Chicago style:</div><textarea class="cite__content_textarea--3zgJO cite-textarea" readonly="">Harper Douglas, “Etymology of branch,” Online Etymology Dictionary, accessed $(datetime), https://www.etymonline.com/word/branch.</textarea><div class="cite__content_title--3ABWh">MLA style:</div><textarea class="cite__content_textarea--3zgJO cite-textarea" readonly="">Harper, Douglas. “Etymology of branch.” Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com/word/branch. Accessed $(datetimeMla).</textarea><div class="cite__content_title--3ABWh">IEEE style:</div><textarea class="cite__content_textarea--3zgJO cite-textarea" readonly="">D. Harper. “Etymology of branch.” Online Etymology Dictionary. https://www.etymonline.com/word/branch (accessed $(datetime)).</textarea></div></div><p class="wordDetail__date--3r7r8">updated on October 23, 2022</p><div data-ad-container="true" class="adContainer--6CVz1 vertical" style="margin-top:1em"><span class="adLabel--35hfi">Advertisement</span><ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-7093273770345366" style="display:block;width:100%" data-ad-slot="7656336158" data-ad-format="auto" data-full-width-responsive="true"></ins></div></div><div class="ant-col-xs-24 ant-col-sm-24 ant-col-md-24 ant-col-lg-6"><div data-ad-container="true" class="adContainer--6CVz1 removeAdsContainer--3mV2b horizontal"><a href="/premium?utm_source=remove_ads"><div class="removeAdsBtn--2W3KN">Remove ads &gt;</div></a><span class="adLabel--35hfi">Advertisement</span><div id="div-gpt-ad-pc-wd-right" style="min-width:300px;min-height:250px"></div></div><div class="trending__normal--2eWJF"><h3 class="h3_title">Trending words</h3><ul><li class="trending__normal__word--1Qvnq"><a rel="nofollow" title="Origin and meaning of dogma" href="/word/dogma">1<!-- -->. <!-- -->dogma</a></li><li class="trending__normal__word--1Qvnq"><a rel="nofollow" title="Origin and meaning of sand" href="/word/sand">2<!-- -->. <!-- -->sand</a></li><li class="trending__normal__word--1Qvnq"><a rel="nofollow" title="Origin and meaning of adventure" href="/word/adventure">3<!-- -->. <!-- -->adventure</a></li><li class="trending__normal__word--1Qvnq"><a rel="nofollow" title="Origin and meaning of eucharist" href="/word/eucharist">4<!-- -->. <!-- -->eucharist</a></li><li class="trending__normal__word--1Qvnq"><a rel="nofollow" title="Origin and meaning of arcane" href="/word/arcane">5<!-- -->. <!-- -->arcane</a></li><li class="trending__normal__word--1Qvnq"><a rel="nofollow" title="Origin and meaning of carat" href="/word/carat">6<!-- -->. <!-- -->carat</a></li><li class="trending__normal__word--1Qvnq"><a rel="nofollow" title="Origin and meaning of mauve" href="/word/mauve">7<!-- -->. <!-- -->mauve</a></li><li class="trending__normal__word--1Qvnq"><a rel="nofollow" title="Origin and meaning of advent" href="/word/advent">8<!-- -->. <!-- -->advent</a></li><li class="trending__normal__word--1Qvnq"><a rel="nofollow" title="Origin and meaning of vatican" href="/word/vatican">9<!-- -->. <!-- -->vatican</a></li><li class="trending__normal__word--1Qvnq"><a rel="nofollow" title="Origin and meaning of horizon" href="/word/horizon">10<!-- -->. <!-- -->horizon</a></li></ul></div><div class="alphabetical--2oTZG"><h3 title="words in alphabetical order" class="h3_title">Dictionary entries near <i>branch</i></h3><a title="Origin and meaning of braise" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/braise"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">braise</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of brake" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/brake"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">brake</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of brakeman" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/brakeman"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">brakeman</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of bramble" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/bramble"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">bramble</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of bran" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/bran"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">bran</p></a><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2 alphabetical__active--FCYcm">branch</p><a title="Origin and meaning of branchial" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/branchial"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">branchial</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of branchio-" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/branchio-"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">branchio-</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of brand" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/brand"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">brand</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of Brandenburg" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/Brandenburg"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">Brandenburg</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of brandish" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/brandish"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">brandish</p></a></div></div></div></div><div class="alphabet--3sMXd"><ul class="alphabet__inner--2NEtM"><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter A"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=a">A</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter B"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=b">B</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter C"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=c">C</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter D"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=d">D</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter E"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=e">E</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter F"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=f">F</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter G"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=g">G</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter H"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=h">H</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter I"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=i">I</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter J"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=j">J</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter K"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=k">K</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter L"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=l">L</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter M"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=m">M</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter N"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=n">N</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter O"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=o">O</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter P"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=p">P</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter Q"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=q">Q</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter R"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=r">R</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter S"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=s">S</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter T"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=t">T</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter U"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=u">U</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter V"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=v">V</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter W"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=w">W</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter X"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=x">X</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter Y"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=y">Y</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter Z"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=z">Z</a></li></ul></div><div class="footer--zLQrv"><div class="footer__info--3VNMU"><div class="footer__info_inner--1aVeV"><div><p class="footer__info_title--3LoBd">LINKS</p><a rel="" href="https://forum.etymonline.com" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Forum</a><a rel="nofollow" href="/columns/post/sources" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Full List of Sources</a><a rel="nofollow" href="/columns/post/links" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Links</a></div><div><p class="footer__info_title--3LoBd">PRODUCTS</p><a rel="nofollow" href="https://apps.apple.com/app/apple-store/id813629612?pt=33423801&amp;ct=etymonline_footer&amp;mt=8" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">iOS App</a><a rel="nofollow" href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.etymonline.app&amp;referrer=utm_source%3Detymonline_webfooter" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Android App</a><a rel="nofollow" href="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/etymonline/giehjnnlopapngdjbjjgddpaagoimmgl?utm_source=link_footer" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Chrome Extension</a></div><div><p class="footer__info_title--3LoBd">ABOUT</p><a rel="nofollow" href="/columns/post/bio" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Who Did This</a><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.etymonline.com/columns/post/abbr" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Introduction and Explanation</a><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.facebook.com/etymonline?utm_source=etymonline_footer&amp;utm_medium=link_exchange" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Follow on Facebook</a></div><div><p class="footer__info_title--3LoBd">SUPPORT</p><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_donations&amp;business=byronic106@yahoo.com&amp;lc=US&amp;item_name=Donation+to +Help+Keep+Etymonline+Free+and+Open&amp;no_note=0&amp;cn=&amp;curency_code=USD&amp;bn=PP-DonationsBF:btn_donateCC_LG.gif:NonHosted" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Donate with PayPal</a><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.redbubble.com/people/godgifu/shop?artistUserName=godgifu&amp;collections=1692216&amp;utm_source=etymonline_footer" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Ye Olde Swag Shoppe</a><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.patreon.com/etymonline?utm_source=etymonline.com&amp;utm_campaign=footer_link&amp;utm_medium=website" class="footer__info_node--3T-ZQ">Support on Patreon</a></div></div></div><div class="footer__link--1RSEJ footer__link_padding--1oYre"><div class="footer__link_inner--KP2Wz"><div><a href="mailto:etymonline@protonmail.com" title="Douglas Harper" rel="nofollow">© 2001-2024<!-- --> <!-- -->Douglas Harper</a><span style="color:#888"> | </span><a href="https://www.etymonline.com/legal/terms" title="Terms of Service" rel="nofollow">Terms of Service</a><span style="color:#888"> | </span><a href="https://www.etymonline.com/legal/privacy" title="Privacy Policy" rel="nofollow">Privacy Policy</a></div><div style="position:relative"><span id="language-change" class="footer__language_label--1E9_x">English (English)<!-- --> <svg width="10" height="12" viewBox="0 0 10 12" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M5 0L0 5H10L5 0ZM0 7L5 12L10 7H0Z" fill="#858585"></path></svg></span><ul id="language-selector" class="footer__language--H9nbK"><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO" style="display:none"><a href="/word/branch">English (English)</a></li><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO"><a href="/cn/word/branch">简体中文 (Chinese)</a></li><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO"><a href="/de/word/branch">Deutsch (German)</a></li><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO"><a href="/es/word/branch">Español (Spanish)</a></li><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO"><a href="/fr/word/branch">Français (French)</a></li><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO"><a href="/it/word/branch">Italiano (Italian)</a></li><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO"><a href="/jp/word/branch">日本語 (Japanese)</a></li><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO"><a href="/kr/word/branch">한국어 (Korean)</a></li><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO"><a href="/pt/word/branch">Português (Portuguese)</a></li><li class="footer__language_item--1nkwO"><a href="/tw/word/branch">繁體中文 (Chinese)</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="backtop"><div class="backtop-content"><i class="fa fa-arrow-up"></i></div></div></div></div></div> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-YGHSRMYRTV"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-YGHSRMYRTV', { 'custom_map': {'dimension1': 'UserRole'} }); gtag('event', 'user_role_set', {'UserRole': 'guest'}); </script> <script data-react-helmet="true" src="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script><script data-react-helmet="true" src="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/remove-ads-iconfont.js?t=10"></script><script data-react-helmet="true" src="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/plugins.2ad87a733ad1b7fbd7d2.js" async="true"></script><script data-react-helmet="true" type="text/javascript"> 'use strict';var extensionBait=document.querySelector('.extensionHint'),isChrome=navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Chrome')>-1,bannerExtension=document.querySelector('.bait'),hintClose=document.querySelector('.hint-closer');!extensionBait||!isChrome||bannerExtension||window.localStorage.getItem('etymonline-extension-installed')||window.localStorage.getItem('extension_banner_clicked')||setTimeout(function(){extensionBait.style.marginTop=0},1e3),hintClose&&hintClose.addEventListener('click',function(){extensionBait.style.marginTop='-64px',window.localStorage.setItem('extension_banner_clicked',!0)}),extensionBait&&extensionBait.addEventListener('click',function(){}); </script><script data-react-helmet="true" type="application/ld+json"> [{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "WebSite", "@id": "https://www.etymonline.com#website", "url": "https://www.etymonline.com", "name": "Etymonline", "alternateName": "Online Etymology Dictionary", "potentialAction": { "@type": "SearchAction", "target": "https://www.etymonline.com/search?q={search_term_string}&utm_campaign=sd&utm_medium=serp&utm_source=ds_search", "query-input": "required name=search_term_string" } }, { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "WebPage", "name": "branch | Etymology of branch by etymonline", "url": "https://www.etymonline.com/word/branch", "description": "division or subdivision of the stem of a tree or bush (also used of things resembling a… See origin and meaning of branch.", "inLanguage": "en", "isPartOf": { "@id": "https://www.etymonline.com#website" } }, { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": ["DefinedTermSet", "Book"], "@id": "https://www.etymonline.com", "name": "Dictionary and etymology by etymonline", "description": "An online etymology dictionary providing the origin and history of English words" }, { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "DefinedTerm", "@id": "https://www.etymonline.com/word/branch", "name": "branch", "inDefinedTermSet": "https://www.etymonline.com" }] </script><script data-react-helmet="true" >"serviceWorker"in navigator&&navigator.serviceWorker.getRegistrations().then(function(e){for(let r of e)r.unregister()});</script><script data-react-helmet="true" >googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.defineSlot('/21669543020/pc_wd_right', [300, 250], 'div-gpt-ad-pc-wd-right').setTargeting("refresh", 'true').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/21669543020/pc_wd_top', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-pc-wd-top').setTargeting("refresh", 'true').addService(googletag.pubads()); var SECONDS_TO_WAIT_AFTER_VIEWABILITY = 105; // Object to keep track of the number of refreshes per slot var slotRefreshes = {}; googletag.pubads().addEventListener('impressionViewable', function(event) { var slot = event.slot; // Initialize the count for this slot if it's the first time if (!slotRefreshes[slot.getSlotElementId()]) { slotRefreshes[slot.getSlotElementId()] = 0; } if (slot.getTargeting("refresh").indexOf("true") > -1) { const refreshTime = Math.floor(Math.random() * 15) + SECONDS_TO_WAIT_AFTER_VIEWABILITY; // Only refresh the slot if it has been refreshed less than 3 times if (slotRefreshes[slot.getSlotElementId()] < 3) { setTimeout(function() { console.log("reload", slot.getSlotElementId()); apstag.fetchBids({ slots: [{ slotID: slot.getSlotElementId(), slotName: slot.getAdUnitPath(), sizes: slot.getSizes().map(function(size) { return [size.getWidth(), size.getHeight()]; }) }], timeout: 2e3 }, function(bids) { googletag.cmd.push(function() { apstag.setDisplayBids(); googletag.pubads().refresh([slot]); }); }); // Increment the refresh count for this slot slotRefreshes[slot.getSlotElementId()]++; }, refreshTime * 1000); } } }); googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad(); googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.enableServices(); }); </script><script data-react-helmet="true" >!function(a9,a,p,s,t,A,g){if(a[a9])return;function q(c,r){a[a9]._Q.push([c,r])}a[a9]={init:function(){q("i",arguments)},fetchBids:function(){q("f",arguments)},setDisplayBids:function(){},targetingKeys:function(){return[]},_Q:[]};A=p.createElement(s);A.async=!0;A.src=t;g=p.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];g.parentNode.insertBefore(A,g)}("apstag",window,document,"script","//c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js"); apstag.init({ pubID: '7013ff7d-a08e-4dca-9729-1643e28c88b5', adServer: 'googletag' }); // Fetch bids from APS apstag.fetchBids({ slots: [{ slotID: 'div-gpt-ad-pc-wd-right', slotName: '/21669543020/pc_wd_right', sizes: [[300, 250]] }, { slotID: 'div-gpt-ad-pc-wd-top', slotName: '/21669543020/pc_wd_top', sizes: [[728, 90]] }], timeout: 2e3 }, function(bids) { // Set apstag targeting on googletag, then display the slots googletag.cmd.push(function(){ apstag.setDisplayBids(); googletag.pubads().refresh(); }); googletag.cmd.push(function(){ googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-pc-wd-right'); googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-pc-wd-top'); }); }); </script><script data-react-helmet="true" type="text/javascript"> $('section').click(function(e) { if(e.target.className === 'crossreference' && e.target.nodeName === 'SPAN') { location.href = window.location.origin + '/word/' + e.target.innerText } }) $('a[data-more]').hover( function() { $(this).find('.fa-chevron-right').animate({ opacity: 1 }, 100); }, function() { $(this).find('.fa-chevron-right').animate({ opacity: 0 }, 100); }) $('.word-relation-see-more').click(function(e) { $(this).css('display', 'none'); $(this).prev().css({'max-height': '100%'}); }) </script><script data-react-helmet="true" > function generateChart() { const startYear = 1800; const data = [{"label":"branch (n.)","data":[0.000047431383184933416,0.00004698604922547626,0.00004710133944172412,0.0000471983175278486,0.00004734946026777228,0.00004737778120518973,0.00004725126879444967,0.00004721629617658133,0.00004729306989853891,0.00004676636065899705,0.00004697951687073025,0.0000473637332712921,0.00004822076734853908,0.000048055558484823756,0.00004801820153564525,0.000047801686984409265,0.00004811660886237708,0.00004812655994707408,0.00004840295611453864,0.00004893358515497918,0.000049089121603174135,0.00004920388067451616,0.000049905339983524756,0.00005027198737176756,0.0000511166258850911,0.00005174369289306924,0.00005246500707774734,0.00005323568499685886,0.00005431636430633565,0.000055573423257252825,0.00005621947857434861,0.00005727228005222666,0.00005817015747500894,0.00005863259769588088,0.000059043194535964476,0.000059461017129554725,0.000059992142875368394,0.00005990135032334365,0.00006039658231505503,0.00006058651124476455,0.00006030298245605081,0.00005986193961386258,0.00005912992152540634,0.000058940762149480484,0.00005841808670083992,0.0000584479220075688,0.000058203538355883214,0.00005792459487565793,0.000057803603946619354,0.00005779100174549967,0.00005761063415169095,0.00005742187034532738,0.00005742316958882535,0.00005677871983304309,0.000056632548269893355,0.000056390956160612404,0.000056198196883390965,0.00005567696910778371,0.00005541427696395355,0.00005511164417839609,0.00005487197534724449,0.000054950443154666576,0.000054903258812070516,0.00005493255327261674,0.000054632426569393525,0.00005467944550521982,0.00005483171674616945,0.00005486865969335971,0.00005489113973453641,0.00005491420209485417,0.0000548322112687553,0.000055079655430745335,0.000055488597718067466,0.000055663523138112696,0.000055850102216936645,0.0000558421774864352,0.00005562294948807297,0.00005566673207795248,0.00005573901386621098,0.00005599079207361986,0.00005618972888138766,0.000056062764148615925,0.00005591504644447317,0.00005609032887150533,0.00005610107764368877,0.00005631685320016307,0.000056529874564148484,0.00005650259433120179,0.00005660650155429418,0.000056686228829979277,0.0000568805032041079,0.00005700549469717468,0.00005681857849898127,0.000056683661629601074,0.00005672292463714257,0.000056800749734975395,0.00005702564570431908,0.00005774822226764324,0.000057991752206968765,0.000058208656749532865,0.00005857151190866716,0.00005865802595508285,0.00005907446708685408,0.00005948738762526773,0.00005990747789231439,0.00006010821646971938,0.00006060030330748608,0.00006124709955959892,0.000061773429964281,0.00006197349721333012,0.00006205116757579769,0.00006249630581199502,0.0000625083843866984,0.00006279009636879588,0.00006275867660103056,0.000062714461091673,0.00006250349421558592,0.00006237146468871894,0.00006214915047166869,0.00006193315445367868,0.00006172857198786612,0.00006120422864720846,0.00006072685428080149,0.00006045154586900026,0.000059999963317144044,0.000059501161255563297,0.00005856782202802909,0.000057522920784928525,0.000056530150322942065,0.000055752951690616705,0.000055087572642757245,0.000054555866275525965,0.00005376403423724696,0.00005291541189459773,0.00005198881699470803,0.000051451191150893765,0.00005082472028637615,0.000050183648272650314,0.00004936881911514016,0.000048805766709847376,0.00004836254544594946,0.00004798483447909045,0.00004791375831700861,0.0000477119106411313,0.000047533257748000325,0.000047204745836400734,0.000046954609812625375,0.00004688153300473156,0.00004672351739524553,0.00004664191874326207,0.000046208888913194336,0.000046102026681182905,0.00004591049752586211,0.00004564166495886942,0.000045429057596872253,0.00004524862670223229,0.00004497353511396795,0.00004450621102781345,0.00004418488703474092,0.00004385845774474243,0.000043477844640923044,0.000043066430468267454,0.00004266925776998202,0.0000422373901528772,0.00004180275645921938,0.00004143596694727118,0.00004113900552814205,0.000040891917888075116,0.00004074991835902135,0.00004054931026378957,0.000040223278726140656,0.00003980435503763147,0.00003933426172200901,0.00003890106114946927,0.00003848174480178083,0.00003799349215114489,0.00003758475334810404,0.00003709262940295351,0.00003667765728702458,0.00003624333379169305,0.000035898960292494544,0.00003545156675196874,0.000034986641549039635,0.00003445477123023011,0.00003397262771613896,0.00003356850478060854,0.000033318137381381047,0.0000331501018081326,0.00003297194877328972,0.00003271480042409773,0.00003270040979259647,0.00003246935424006854,0.000032274781187879856,0.00003213290292478632,0.00003188670404294195,0.00003156705946215273,0.000031229971136781386,0.00003093388537915113,0.00003068310919237168,0.000030443241363779332,0.000030118518770905213,0.0000298329923680285,0.000029444630733147885,0.00002899527365419393,0.000028650639433180913,0.000028185979802704728,0.000027802551145820567,0.000027368452477579316,0.00002698044469677067,0.00002662417731092622,0.000026275873945754332,0.000025926313295106714,0.000025640563035267405,0.000025430628478976098,0.00002518266452310714,0.000024993631541292416,0.00002467999233472669,0.00002450719166517956,0.000024358978609800237,0.00002412251774330798]},{"label":"branch (v.)","data":[5.633830880924506e-7,5.575916342574298e-7,5.752785530906598e-7,5.896231300539512e-7,5.903015259415649e-7,5.733288996149591e-7,5.670422391782874e-7,5.660884407158543e-7,5.486834102915357e-7,5.357887080966369e-7,5.221965712583672e-7,5.122497536073449e-7,5.250957750983313e-7,5.17964828835223e-7,5.015014664877526e-7,4.914334510885964e-7,4.966928126274676e-7,4.924277978564836e-7,4.95217688012417e-7,4.883484109541314e-7,4.909947165288031e-7,4.94169264205387e-7,5.097724264639207e-7,5.066110607761705e-7,5.12865640682018e-7,5.109599139056324e-7,5.049936513993696e-7,4.928505404677708e-7,5.050029320348888e-7,5.197947605968996e-7,5.256242047835258e-7,5.398177904680779e-7,5.361925673241785e-7,5.242296613990523e-7,5.317007473119399e-7,5.391634980848418e-7,5.398822149042341e-7,5.325161680502788e-7,5.392679687095855e-7,5.372636015484507e-7,5.437136148126835e-7,5.479513220052467e-7,5.472200390007249e-7,5.429176932617944e-7,5.368971566592032e-7,5.27552504081541e-7,5.142225897240375e-7,5.172898151310316e-7,5.205703018873464e-7,5.178821576616126e-7,5.135669539413357e-7,5.120208243170054e-7,5.097311562470471e-7,5.038676097986657e-7,5.014403029690584e-7,4.976669458756078e-7,4.953934270209478e-7,4.882239996580514e-7,4.836889426466466e-7,4.786188450604338e-7,4.796104027112354e-7,4.7544291229921026e-7,4.6942363383095655e-7,4.6334874355125065e-7,4.593557434873219e-7,4.566607837356666e-7,4.593054275877269e-7,4.594802078372595e-7,4.584794188152349e-7,4.5952190437977453e-7,4.540507196300799e-7,4.567946973565995e-7,4.606465267897875e-7,4.618183330270161e-7,4.6679671186211633e-7,4.671821329793602e-7,4.727687193432454e-7,4.725089562877353e-7,4.784682194743558e-7,4.825083768385714e-7,4.850573210054184e-7,4.890644106581021e-7,4.908988898932875e-7,4.976237126660029e-7,5.044919722270909e-7,5.11393462450845e-7,5.152640142114251e-7,5.258366589562987e-7,5.297402860075332e-7,5.350331396887971e-7,5.385169591439383e-7,5.404460049855212e-7,5.417858725801731e-7,5.406101195148949e-7,5.419759039189861e-7,5.463878892442154e-7,5.442597019585568e-7,5.449039538992413e-7,5.463208822220622e-7,5.436509051529963e-7,5.454490784965552e-7,5.458249196029404e-7,5.436427462276091e-7,5.467659245065685e-7,5.449346455558649e-7,5.422288685016004e-7,5.397561570437877e-7,5.407552142363178e-7,5.397326314475019e-7,5.419276931206696e-7,5.388721395623482e-7,5.372853706830937e-7,5.42874768901432e-7,5.408222743123285e-7,5.412565163472512e-7,5.414359065980534e-7,5.405055276241911e-7,5.397815281564059e-7,5.437072748766999e-7,5.522641572497378e-7,5.550594626887081e-7,5.58011299744976e-7,5.599188322473007e-7,5.681344911560396e-7,5.691843019424899e-7,5.72456356925007e-7,5.760763201578812e-7,5.713892543705394e-7,5.645993591466928e-7,5.66173300361091e-7,5.639803343152986e-7,5.633009341939518e-7,5.608502817722183e-7,5.533992009532084e-7,5.39030359429186e-7,5.361899051573952e-7,5.309747583244946e-7,5.280119845944379e-7,5.184586749843826e-7,5.12844345242532e-7,5.104795718580135e-7,5.057026517836978e-7,5.054637654211547e-7,5.076066543097113e-7,5.014483103119953e-7,4.998814138919746e-7,4.974092102353704e-7,4.989547941628795e-7,4.960344407815379e-7,4.978530588080806e-7,4.946310184550385e-7,4.960319264076437e-7,4.922051914491022e-7,4.919020796023688e-7,4.932013117316576e-7,4.914175500895605e-7,4.954632781088245e-7,4.950034148502406e-7,4.95639125119851e-7,4.983246204422661e-7,5.007777284996943e-7,5.014817683483367e-7,5.043317419980061e-7,5.079422123799304e-7,5.083463084550507e-7,5.127482476533866e-7,5.15615285697398e-7,5.207133995099866e-7,5.243098257778911e-7,5.280926833014139e-7,5.309471665289797e-7,5.243296281302416e-7,5.220032202638929e-7,5.207814543458274e-7,5.223801300265526e-7,5.181553717648057e-7,5.171863998990982e-7,5.14325535050375e-7,5.14942759840172e-7,5.180527163399044e-7,5.165932994562657e-7,5.165645973193023e-7,5.146852326258037e-7,5.130165106947971e-7,5.125031160938912e-7,5.120913726841536e-7,5.125884304864788e-7,5.125976883846306e-7,5.09754350256723e-7,5.047440538419324e-7,5.069246697075869e-7,5.046668131096036e-7,5.007354047847912e-7,4.963964139885017e-7,4.897602821074543e-7,4.887319050794758e-7,4.856303803535411e-7,4.841874366926883e-7,4.820964325820872e-7,4.777364267738448e-7,4.7226057517946176e-7,4.727453945937062e-7,4.730938864364968e-7,4.788098560008317e-7,4.833786836873817e-7,4.840162281046408e-7,4.849372146509267e-7,4.857928293707422e-7,4.848806857656503e-7,4.864697795407362e-7,4.842268140237138e-7,4.825015063640119e-7,4.801273405519169e-7,4.798513474822487e-7,4.804921594278802e-7,4.825755771283488e-7,4.83321855426766e-7,4.830081252293894e-7,4.776196268115503e-7,4.7237672617939097e-7]}]; const datasets = data.map(dataset => { return { label: dataset.label, data: dataset.data.map((value, index) => { return { x: startYear + index, y: value * 1e6 }; }), fill: false, tension: 0.1, pointRadius: 1, pointHitRadius: 3, }; }); const ctx = document.getElementById('ngram-chart').getContext('2d'); const chart=new Chart(ctx,{type:"line",data:{datasets:datasets},options:{maintainAspectRatio:false,responsive:true,interaction:{mode:"index",intersect:false},scales:{x:{type:"linear",title:{display:false},ticks:{autoSkip:true,maxTicksLimit:20,callback:function(value){return value.toString().replace(/,/g,"")}},min:1800,max:2019},y:{type:"linear",title:{display:true,text:"Frequency (per million)"}}},plugins:{tooltip:{mode:"index",callbacks:{title:function(context){const firstPoint=context[0];return firstPoint.parsed.x.toString().replace(/,/g,"")}}},legend:{display: datasets.length > 1,labels:{color:"#83001d",font:{size:14,weight:"bold"}},onHover:function(event,legendItem,legend){event.native.target.style.cursor="pointer"},onLeave:function(event,legendItem,legend){event.native.target.style.cursor="default"}}}},plugins:[{beforeDatasetsDraw:(chart)=>{if(chart.tooltip?._active?.length){let x=chart.tooltip._active[0].element.x;let yAxis=chart.scales.y;let ctx=chart.ctx;ctx.save();ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x,yAxis.top);ctx.lineTo(x,yAxis.bottom);ctx.lineWidth=1;ctx.strokeStyle="#9b9b9b";ctx.stroke();ctx.restore()}}}]}); } </script><script data-react-helmet="true" src="https://cdn.etymonline.com/projects/etymonline-main-v3/chart.js" onLoad="generateChart()" async="true"></script><script data-react-helmet="true" > $('.share-cite').click(function(e) { $(this).toggleClass('cite-checked'); const checked = $(this).hasClass('cite-checked'); if (checked) { $('.cite-content').slideDown() } else { $('.cite-content').slideUp() } }) function selectText(element) { if (document.selection) { var range = document.body.createTextRange(); range.moveToElementText(element); range.select(); } else if (window.getSelection) { var range = document.createRange(); range.selectNodeContents(element); window.getSelection().removeAllRanges(); window.getSelection().addRange(range); } } $('.cite-textarea').click(function () { selectText($(this)[0]) }); $(document).ready(function () { const monthNames = ["January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December"]; const d = new Date(), month = monthNames[d.getMonth()], day = '' + d.getDate(), year = d.getFullYear(); $(".cite-textarea").each(function (i, e) { const newText = $(this).text() .replace('$(datetime)', month + " " + day + "," + " " + year) .replace('$(datetimeMla)', day + " " + month + "," + " " + year) $(this).text(newText) }); setTimeout(() => {const hash='#'+(window.location.hash.substring(1)||'_');const offset = $(hash).offset();if (offset) $([document.documentElement, document.body]).animate({scrollTop: offset.top}, 300);}, 500); }); </script><script data-react-helmet="true" type="text/javascript">'use strict';function addADJS(){var b=document.createElement('script');b.src='//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-7093273770345366',b.async=!0,document.body.appendChild(b)}var script=document.createElement('script');document.querySelectorAll('.adsbygoogle').forEach(function(){script.text+='(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});'});addADJS();document.body.appendChild(script);</script><script data-react-helmet="true" > $(window).on('scroll', function() { if($(this).scrollTop() > 300) { $('.backtop').show('fast') } else { $('.backtop').hide('fast') } }) $('.backtop').click(function() { $('body,html').animate({ scrollTop: 0 }, 500) }) </script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10