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inequality and is particularly impressive for its vast historical scope, reminiscent of an earlier age, of Max Weber or that great Universalhistoriker, Eduard Meyer, at their most ambitious. The rich bibliography and consistently judicious and intelligent treatment of the range of scholarly opinion and research, although so much of it necessarily still tentative and subject to deep methodological challenges, makes this book an invaluable resource for comparative analysis, and I have, and will continue, to exploit it shamelessly. 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Fisher, H. van Wees (eds), ‘Aristocracy’ in Antiquity. Redefining Greek and Roman Elites (Classical Press of Wales: Swansea, 2015) 85-124</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2853630" href="https://cardiff.academia.edu/GuyBradley">Guy Bradley</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"'Investigating aristocracy in archaic Rome and central Italy: social mobility, ideology and cultural influences', in N. Fisher, H. van Wees (eds), ‘Aristocracy’ in Antiquity. 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Nevertheless, through their political integration secured via the civitas and by taking offices on the imperial or provincial level they continued to ensure the functioning of traditional social and political institutions, particularly in the area of cultural and agonistic life, in the form of banquets, festivals, and games. Their twin attachment to Rome and to their homeland appointed them as mediators between their cities and the Roman administration in the domain of both cultural life and political realities. The close attachment of the civic notables to their patris was expressed by various benefactions and services, which embellished their cities and enhanced their importance compared to their rivals. The recognition by their fellow citizens for these services is expressed in honorific decrees that maintain the civic memory of benefactions and their continuing and increasing social role. The members of this 'class' were considered the model of a new civic ethical behaviour whose basic elements correspond to a long tradition of civic values</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Up and down the social ladder in the periphery of the Roman world: the case of Peloponnesian cities","attachmentId":49012416,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/28642952/Up_and_down_the_social_ladder_in_the_periphery_of_the_Roman_world_the_case_of_Peloponnesian_cities","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/28642952/Up_and_down_the_social_ladder_in_the_periphery_of_the_Roman_world_the_case_of_Peloponnesian_cities"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="45369034" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45369034/Introduction_to_Greece_and_Rome_Aristocracy_issue_2020">Introduction to Greece and Rome Aristocracy issue 2020</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="66985636" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RichardSeaford">Richard Seaford</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Greece and Rome, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">On the neglected role of monetisation in forming the Greek aristocracy of the archaic and classical periods</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Introduction to Greece and Rome Aristocracy issue 2020","attachmentId":65898691,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/45369034/Introduction_to_Greece_and_Rome_Aristocracy_issue_2020","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/45369034/Introduction_to_Greece_and_Rome_Aristocracy_issue_2020"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="37080027" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37080027/Ancient_Rome_An_Overview_of_the_Origins_and_Development_of_Social_Classes">Ancient Rome: An Overview of the Origins and Development of Social Classes</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="57167874" href="https://bilkent.academia.edu/Ayd%C4%B1nAlg%C3%BCl">Aydın Algül</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Revised version of my previous paper titled "The Development of Social Classes in Ancient Rome from the Kingdom Period Through the Reign of Augustus." Published in the Vol. 1, Issue 1 of the Oratio undergraduate journal.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ancient Rome: An Overview of the Origins\r\nand Development of Social Classes","attachmentId":57031812,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37080027/Ancient_Rome_An_Overview_of_the_Origins_and_Development_of_Social_Classes","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/37080027/Ancient_Rome_An_Overview_of_the_Origins_and_Development_of_Social_Classes"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="49076231" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49076231/_The_Clash_of_Ideologies_Classes_and_Personalities_in_Rome_of_the_Second_Century_BCE_Humanities_Australia_11_2020_58_68">‘The Clash of Ideologies, Classes and Personalities in Rome of the Second Century BCE’, Humanities Australia 11 (2020), 58–68</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="24884692" href="https://mq.academia.edu/JillianLeaBeness">Jillian Lea Beness</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"‘The Clash of Ideologies, Classes and Personalities in Rome of the Second Century BCE’, Humanities Australia 11 (2020), 58–68","attachmentId":68129222,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/49076231/_The_Clash_of_Ideologies_Classes_and_Personalities_in_Rome_of_the_Second_Century_BCE_Humanities_Australia_11_2020_58_68","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/49076231/_The_Clash_of_Ideologies_Classes_and_Personalities_in_Rome_of_the_Second_Century_BCE_Humanities_Australia_11_2020_58_68"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":57142267,"attachmentType":"docx","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":57142267,"attachmentType":"docx","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_57142267" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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