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"https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F97342956%2FTrajectories_of_peripheral_interleukin_6_structure_of_the_hippocampus_and_cognitive_impairment_over_14_years_in_older_adults%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":98990688,"identifier":"Attachment_98990688","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":97342956,"created_at":"2023-02-22T05:48:29.033-08:00","from_world_paper_id":228177771,"updated_at":"2024-11-24T17:04:03.276-08:00","_data":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","grobid_abstract":"We aimed to investigate if trajectory components (baseline level, slope and variability) of peripheral IL-6 over time were related to cognitive impairment and smaller hippocampal volume, and if hippocampal volume explained the associations between IL-6 and cognitive impairment. Multivariable regression models were used to test the association between IL-6 trajectory components with change in neuroimaging measures of the hippocampus, and with cognitive impairment among 135 older adults (70-79 years at baseline) from the Healthy Brain Project over 14 years. IL-6 variability was positively associated with cognitive impairment (OR = 5.86, 95% CI:1.24, 27.61) and with greater decrease per year of gray matter volume of the hippocampus (β= −0.008, SE=0.004, p=0.03). After adjustment for hippocampal volume, the odds ratio of cognitive impairment decreased for each unit of IL-6 variability, and confidence intervals widened (OR=4.36, 95% CI: 0.67, 28.29). Neither baseline levels nor slopes of IL-6 were related to cognitive impairment or hippocampal volume. We believe this has potential clinical and public health implications by suggesting adults with stable levels of peripheral IL-6 may be better targets for intervention studies for slowing or preventing cognitive decline.","publication_date":"2015,,","publication_name":"Neurobiology of Aging","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"98990688"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Trajectories of peripheral interleukin-6, structure of the hippocampus, and cognitive impairment over 14 years in older adults","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [51483196]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 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src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />Oscar Lopez</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2015, Neurobiology of Aging</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":98990688,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/97342956/Trajectories_of_peripheral_interleukin_6_structure_of_the_hippocampus_and_cognitive_impairment_over_14_years_in_older_adults"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":98990688,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/97342956/Trajectories_of_peripheral_interleukin_6_structure_of_the_hippocampus_and_cognitive_impairment_over_14_years_in_older_adults"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/60159665/Genetic_predisposition_to_higher_production_of_interleukin_6_through_174_G_and_gt_C_polymorphism_predicts_global_cognitive_decline_in_oldest_old_with_cognitive_impairment_no_dementia">Genetic predisposition to higher production of interleukin-6 through -174 G &gt; C polymorphism predicts global cognitive decline in oldest-old with cognitive impairment no dementia</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="147382188" href="https://independent.academia.edu/VanessaGomesFraga">Vanessa Gomes Fraga</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine upregulated in neurodegenerative contexts. The polymorphism IL-6 -174 G &gt; C influences release levels of this cytokine. We aimed to evaluate the influence of IL-6 -174 G &gt; C on global cognitive score of a group with cognitive impairment no dementia in one year of follow-up.Methods The subjects were categorized in two groups: short-term decline in global cognitive score and those with short-term stability or improvement. IL-6 174 G &gt; C information were compared among these groups.Results We observed that individuals with cognitive impairment no dementia with GGlowergenotype were more frequent among global cognitive score non-decliners while carriers of at least one Chigherallele were more frequent in the group with global cognitive score decliners (p = 0.012; RR = 3.095 IC95%= 1.087-8.812).Conclusion These results suggest that the higher expression of IL-6 gene may be an independent risk factor for cognitive decline among i...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Genetic predisposition to higher production of interleukin-6 through -174 G \u0026gt; C polymorphism predicts global cognitive decline in oldest-old with cognitive impairment no dementia","attachmentId":73723492,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60159665/Genetic_predisposition_to_higher_production_of_interleukin_6_through_174_G_and_gt_C_polymorphism_predicts_global_cognitive_decline_in_oldest_old_with_cognitive_impairment_no_dementia","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/60159665/Genetic_predisposition_to_higher_production_of_interleukin_6_through_174_G_and_gt_C_polymorphism_predicts_global_cognitive_decline_in_oldest_old_with_cognitive_impairment_no_dementia"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="13262718" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13262718/Cognitive_function_in_young_and_adult_IL_interleukin_6_deficient_mice">Cognitive function in young and adult IL (interleukin)-6 deficient mice</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="37778150" href="https://unimi.academia.edu/AlbertoPanerai">Alberto Panerai</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32520864" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DanielaBraida">Daniela Braida</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Behavioural Brain Research, 2004</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Cognitive function in young and adult IL (interleukin)-6 deficient mice","attachmentId":45536220,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/13262718/Cognitive_function_in_young_and_adult_IL_interleukin_6_deficient_mice","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/13262718/Cognitive_function_in_young_and_adult_IL_interleukin_6_deficient_mice"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="57014350" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/57014350/Interleukin_6_and_C_Reactive_Protein_Levels_and_9_Year_Cognitive_Decline_in_Community_Dwelling_Older_Women_The_Womens_Health_and_Aging_Study_II">Interleukin-6 and C-Reactive Protein Levels and 9-Year Cognitive Decline in Community-Dwelling Older Women: The Women's Health and Aging Study II</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33370734" href="https://jhsph.academia.edu/MichelleCarlson">Michelle Carlson</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2014</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Elevated inflammation is a proposed mechanism relating chronic diseases to cognitive dysfunction. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that greater levels of inflammation, as measured by the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein, are associated with faster rates of cognitive decline among cognitively intact community-dwelling older women. We analyzed 336 women from the Women&#39;s Health and Aging Study II. Cognitive assessments were performed at baseline and every 18-36 months, and included the following domains: immediate and delayed memory (Hopkins Verbal Learning Test), psychomotor speed (Trail Making Test, Part A), and executive function (Trail Making Test, Part B). Aggregate measures of IL-6 and C-reactive protein, based on the average from visits one and two, were analyzed categorically. 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Thus, we explored the levels of plasma IL-6 at baseline in a cohort of older subjects with or without cognitive impairment, which results may have also implications for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) clinical management. This is a retrospective study including a cohort of over 60 years old-age subjects, 72 healthy controls, 95 mild cognitive impairment, and 73 AD were included in the study. Plasma IL-6 was measured in all subjects. The sample population included 240 subjects, mostly women with a mean age of 78.61±6.30 (range: 60-93) years. Age significantly correlated with IL-6 plasma levels (r=0.204, P=0.002) even after controlling by gender. No difference was found in body mass index (BMI), nutritional status (assessed by mini nutritional assessment), and comorbidity indices (cumulative illness ...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Serum interleukin-6 levels are higher in old age subjects with Alzheimer’s dementia","attachmentId":80371717,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70757145/Serum_interleukin_6_levels_are_higher_in_old_age_subjects_with_Alzheimer_s_dementia","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/70757145/Serum_interleukin_6_levels_are_higher_in_old_age_subjects_with_Alzheimer_s_dementia"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="88914031" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/88914031/Brain_Morphology_Links_Systemic_Inflammation_to_Cognitive_Function_in_Midlife_Adults">Brain Morphology Links Systemic Inflammation to Cognitive Function in Midlife Adults</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="76129505" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnnaMarsland">Anna Marsland</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Inflammation is linked to cognitive decline in midlife, but the neural basis for this link is unclear. One possibility is that inflammation associates with adverse changes in brain morphology, which accelerates cognitive aging and later dementia risk. Clear evidence is lacking, however, regarding whether inflammation relates to cognition in midlife via changes in brain morphology. Accordingly, the current study examines whether associations of inflammation with cognitive function are mediated by variation in cortical gray matter volume among midlife adults. Plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP), relatively stable markers of peripheral systemic inflammation, were assessed in 408 community volunteers aged 30-54 years. All participants underwent structural neuroimaging to assess global and regional brain morphology and completed neuropsychological tests sensitive to early changes in cognitive function. Measurements of brain morphology (regional tissue volumes...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Brain Morphology Links Systemic Inflammation to Cognitive Function in Midlife Adults","attachmentId":92806261,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88914031/Brain_Morphology_Links_Systemic_Inflammation_to_Cognitive_Function_in_Midlife_Adults","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/88914031/Brain_Morphology_Links_Systemic_Inflammation_to_Cognitive_Function_in_Midlife_Adults"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="11918246" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11918246/Systemic_markers_of_inflammation_and_cognitive_decline_in_old_age">Systemic markers of inflammation and cognitive decline in old age</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="29508559" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JelleJolles">Jelle Jolles</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2007</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Systemic markers of inflammation and cognitive decline in old age","attachmentId":46438277,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11918246/Systemic_markers_of_inflammation_and_cognitive_decline_in_old_age","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/11918246/Systemic_markers_of_inflammation_and_cognitive_decline_in_old_age"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="14416972" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14416972/Trajectories_of_inflammatory_markers_and_cognitive_decline_over_10_years">Trajectories of inflammatory markers and cognitive decline over 10 years</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="40755644" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RyanCarnahan">Ryan Carnahan</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33357234" href="https://johnshopkins.academia.edu/EleanorSimonsick">Eleanor Simonsick</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Neurobiology of Aging, 2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Trajectories of inflammatory markers and cognitive decline over 10 years","attachmentId":44162606,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14416972/Trajectories_of_inflammatory_markers_and_cognitive_decline_over_10_years","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/14416972/Trajectories_of_inflammatory_markers_and_cognitive_decline_over_10_years"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="53259690" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/53259690/Pro_inflammatory_interleukin_6_signaling_links_cognitive_impairments_and_peripheral_metabolic_alterations_in_Alzheimer_s_disease">Pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 signaling links cognitive impairments and peripheral metabolic alterations in Alzheimer’s disease</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="104573404" href="https://unifesp.academia.edu/DeboraHashiguchi">Debora Hashiguchi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Translational Psychiatry</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with memory impairment and altered peripheral metabolism. Mounting evidence indicates that abnormal signaling in a brain-periphery metabolic axis plays a role in AD pathophysiology. The activation of pro-inflammatory pathways in the brain, including the interleukin-6 (IL-6) pathway, comprises a potential point of convergence between memory dysfunction and metabolic alterations in AD that remains to be better explored. Using T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we observed signs of probable inflammation in the hypothalamus and in the hippocampus of AD patients when compared to cognitively healthy control subjects. Pathological examination of post-mortem AD hypothalamus revealed the presence of hyperphosphorylated tau and tangle-like structures, as well as parenchymal and vascular amyloid deposits surrounded by astrocytes. T2 hyperintensities on MRI positively correlated with plasma IL-6, and both correlated inversely with cognitive perf...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 signaling links cognitive impairments and peripheral metabolic alterations in Alzheimer’s disease","attachmentId":70138744,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/53259690/Pro_inflammatory_interleukin_6_signaling_links_cognitive_impairments_and_peripheral_metabolic_alterations_in_Alzheimer_s_disease","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/53259690/Pro_inflammatory_interleukin_6_signaling_links_cognitive_impairments_and_peripheral_metabolic_alterations_in_Alzheimer_s_disease"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":98990688,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":98990688,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_98990688" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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