CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>Armorica Research Papers - Academia.edu</title>  <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "by_tag", 'action': "show_one", 'controller_action': 'by_tag#show_one', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="1OwfMWfvXFZJ5ByhB9MTUpyUgwGOO5uMh9omcYM3CK8QrTDvYpjMyRHFCFaPfQFuvdY8tK0YxWO_7r9Rj491fA" /> <link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-2b6f90dbd75f5941bc38f4ad716615f3ac449e7398313bb3bc225fba451cd9fa.css" /> <meta name="description" content="View Armorica Research Papers on Academia.edu for free." /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'by_tag'; var $action_name = "show_one"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = 'b092bf3a3df71cf13feee7c143e83a57eb6b94fb'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":14016,"monthly_visitors":"99 million","monthly_visitor_count":99567017,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":99,"user_count":283040495,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1739842972000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1739842972000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script>  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="preload" href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" as="style" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-40698df34f913bd208bb70f09d2feb7c6286046250be17a4db35bba2c08b0e2f.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-a22f75d8519394c21253dae46c8c5d60ad36ea68c7d494347ec64229d8c1cf85.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-5708a105dd66b4c7d0ef30b7c094b1048423f0042bd2a7b123f2d99ee3cf46d9.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script>  <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script>  <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica" /> </head>   <body class='c-by_tag a-show_one logged_out u-bgColorWhite'>  <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=26766707&cv=2.0&cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav no-sm no-md"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i> We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <div class="DesignSystem" style="margin-top:-40px"><div class="PageHeader"><div class="container"><div class="row"><style type="text/css">.sor-abstract { display: -webkit-box; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Armorica</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">13 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Armorica</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Armorica">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38566363" data-work_id="38566363" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38566363/ATLANTIC_ISMAROS_AND_THE_KIKONES">ATLANTIC ISMAROS AND THE KIKONES</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Continuation of the Atlantic Theory of Homer's Ilias and Odyssey (part 1: Atlantic Troy). Odysseus' wanderings after his departure from Troy. Study of Atlantic authors De Grave, Cailleux, Gideon, Wilkens, Vinci. Identification of Ismaros... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38566363" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Continuation of the Atlantic Theory of Homer's Ilias and Odyssey (part 1: Atlantic Troy). Odysseus' wanderings after his departure from Troy. Study of Atlantic authors De Grave, Cailleux, Gideon, Wilkens, Vinci. Identification of Ismaros as Brittany, Bay of Douarnenez.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38566363" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1c72b86f3bd58c0a305ab6559a6d8b9b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58639153,"asset_id":38566363,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58639153/download_file?st=MTczOTg0Mjk3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25657401" href="https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/GerardJanssen">Gerard Janssen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25657401" type="text/json">{"id":25657401,"first_name":"Gerard","last_name":"Janssen","domain_name":"leidenuniv","page_name":"GerardJanssen","display_name":"Gerard Janssen","profile_url":"https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/GerardJanssen?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25657401/7212200/34694135/s65_gerard.janssen.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38566363 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38566363"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38566363, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38566363", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38566363 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38566363; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38566363"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38566363 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38566363"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38566363; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38566363]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38566363").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38566363").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38566363"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12523" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Europe_Archaeology_">Bronze Age Europe (Archaeology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12523" type="text/json">{"id":12523,"name":"Bronze Age Europe (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Europe_Archaeology_?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17371" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Archaeology">Celtic Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17371" type="text/json">{"id":17371,"name":"Celtic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Archaeology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21432" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Bronze_Age_archaeology">Late Bronze Age archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21432" type="text/json">{"id":21432,"name":"Late Bronze Age archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Bronze_Age_archaeology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50256" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Odyssey">Odyssey</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="50256" type="text/json">{"id":50256,"name":"Odyssey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Odyssey?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38566363]'), work: {"id":38566363,"title":"ATLANTIC ISMAROS AND THE KIKONES","created_at":"2019-03-17T03:37:58.969-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38566363/ATLANTIC_ISMAROS_AND_THE_KIKONES?f_ri=133911","dom_id":"work_38566363","summary":"Continuation of the Atlantic Theory of Homer's Ilias and Odyssey (part 1: Atlantic Troy). Odysseus' wanderings after his departure from Troy. Study of Atlantic authors De Grave, Cailleux, Gideon, Wilkens, Vinci. Identification of Ismaros as Brittany, Bay of Douarnenez.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58639153,"asset_id":38566363,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25657401,"first_name":"Gerard","last_name":"Janssen","domain_name":"leidenuniv","page_name":"GerardJanssen","display_name":"Gerard Janssen","profile_url":"https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/GerardJanssen?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25657401/7212200/34694135/s65_gerard.janssen.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":12523,"name":"Bronze Age Europe (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Europe_Archaeology_?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":17371,"name":"Celtic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Archaeology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":21432,"name":"Late Bronze Age archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Bronze_Age_archaeology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":50256,"name":"Odyssey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Odyssey?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":57508,"name":"History of ancient Thrace","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_ancient_Thrace?f_ri=133911"},{"id":71384,"name":"Ancient Mysteries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Mysteries?f_ri=133911"},{"id":113380,"name":"Winchester","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Winchester?f_ri=133911"},{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911"},{"id":134619,"name":"Celtic Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Mythology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":149507,"name":"Cornwall","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cornwall?f_ri=133911"},{"id":201857,"name":"Brittany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brittany?f_ri=133911"},{"id":217164,"name":"Druids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Druids?f_ri=133911"},{"id":352657,"name":"Gauls","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gauls?f_ri=133911"},{"id":429669,"name":"The Holy Grail","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Holy_Grail?f_ri=133911"},{"id":451098,"name":"Druid history and culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Druid_history_and_culture?f_ri=133911"},{"id":624036,"name":"Gog and Magog","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gog_and_Magog?f_ri=133911"},{"id":729888,"name":"Archaeology of Brittany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_Brittany?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1029754,"name":"Troy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Troy_Studies?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1171657,"name":"Gundestrup","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gundestrup?f_ri=133911"},{"id":2239727,"name":"Litus Saxonicum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Litus_Saxonicum?f_ri=133911"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13547761" data-work_id="13547761" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13547761/Origine_des_Grouazel_Histoire_et_ADN">Origine des Grouazel: Histoire et ADN</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13547761" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6f7c14aedc49369590ae32338562a7b4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38071843,"asset_id":13547761,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38071843/download_file?st=MTczOTg0Mjk3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7032489" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RomainGrouazelKrauss">Romain Grouazel-Krauss</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7032489" type="text/json">{"id":7032489,"first_name":"Romain","last_name":"Grouazel-Krauss","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RomainGrouazelKrauss","display_name":"Romain Grouazel-Krauss","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RomainGrouazelKrauss?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7032489/2657463/17431094/s65_romain.grouazel-krauss.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13547761 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13547761"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13547761, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13547761", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_13547761 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13547761; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_13547761"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_13547761 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="13547761"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13547761; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13547761]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13547761").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13547761").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13547761"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies">Celtic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1392" type="text/json">{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3904" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Onomastics">Onomastics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3904" type="text/json">{"id":3904,"name":"Onomastics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Onomastics?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6672" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Linguistics">Celtic Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6672" type="text/json">{"id":6672,"name":"Celtic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Linguistics?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="133911" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica">Armorica</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="133911" type="text/json">{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13547761]'), work: {"id":13547761,"title":"Origine des Grouazel: Histoire et ADN","created_at":"2015-07-02T08:44:01.778-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13547761/Origine_des_Grouazel_Histoire_et_ADN?f_ri=133911","dom_id":"work_13547761","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38071843,"asset_id":13547761,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7032489,"first_name":"Romain","last_name":"Grouazel-Krauss","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RomainGrouazelKrauss","display_name":"Romain Grouazel-Krauss","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RomainGrouazelKrauss?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7032489/2657463/17431094/s65_romain.grouazel-krauss.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":3904,"name":"Onomastics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Onomastics?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":6672,"name":"Celtic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Linguistics?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":201857,"name":"Brittany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brittany?f_ri=133911"},{"id":225454,"name":"Bretagne","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bretagne?f_ri=133911"},{"id":536422,"name":"Patronym Names","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patronym_Names?f_ri=133911"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27987183" data-work_id="27987183" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27987183/Legends_from_Brittany">Legends from Brittany</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee Center for Celtic Studies Samhain Celebration Invited Lecture, October 31, 2004 In this public talk, I describe the most common Breton legends, which are rarely written in English. French books on... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27987183" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee Center for Celtic Studies Samhain Celebration Invited Lecture, October 31, 2004<br /><br />In this public talk, I describe the most common Breton legends, which are rarely written in English. French books on Breton myths are filled with stories of the Atlantis-like sunken city of Kêr-Is, the Breton fairies known as Korrigans, and the Grim Reaper-like Ankoù. Added to these is a less well-known and very interesting- but not spooky- syncretized Breton folk character, Sant-Korneli. Here I discuss each of these realms of Breton folklore, while contrasting them with similar tales from other Celtic Nations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27987183" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="22acd4b63e25a272bf431f0b378a0203" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48290532,"asset_id":27987183,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48290532/download_file?st=MTczOTg0Mjk3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24695509" href="https://tamug.academia.edu/BrettFurth">Brett H Furth</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24695509" type="text/json">{"id":24695509,"first_name":"Brett","last_name":"Furth","domain_name":"tamug","page_name":"BrettFurth","display_name":"Brett H Furth","profile_url":"https://tamug.academia.edu/BrettFurth?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24695509/6679372/11160471/s65_brett.furth.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27987183 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27987183"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27987183, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27987183", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_27987183 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27987183; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_27987183"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_27987183 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27987183"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27987183; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27987183]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27987183").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27987183").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27987183"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">24</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="123" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore">Mythology And Folklore</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="123" type="text/json">{"id":123,"name":"Mythology And Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="787" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore">Folklore</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="787" type="text/json">{"id":787,"name":"Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies">Celtic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1392" type="text/json">{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9217" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folktales">Folktales</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9217" type="text/json">{"id":9217,"name":"Folktales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folktales?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27987183]'), work: {"id":27987183,"title":"Legends from Brittany","created_at":"2016-08-24T13:10:29.200-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27987183/Legends_from_Brittany?f_ri=133911","dom_id":"work_27987183","summary":"University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee Center for Celtic Studies Samhain Celebration Invited Lecture, October 31, 2004\n\nIn this public talk, I describe the most common Breton legends, which are rarely written in English. French books on Breton myths are filled with stories of the Atlantis-like sunken city of Kêr-Is, the Breton fairies known as Korrigans, and the Grim Reaper-like Ankoù. Added to these is a less well-known and very interesting- but not spooky- syncretized Breton folk character, Sant-Korneli. Here I discuss each of these realms of Breton folklore, while contrasting them with similar tales from other Celtic Nations.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48290532,"asset_id":27987183,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24695509,"first_name":"Brett","last_name":"Furth","domain_name":"tamug","page_name":"BrettFurth","display_name":"Brett H Furth","profile_url":"https://tamug.academia.edu/BrettFurth?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24695509/6679372/11160471/s65_brett.furth.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":123,"name":"Mythology And Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":787,"name":"Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":9217,"name":"Folktales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folktales?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":16152,"name":"Breton language, literature, and culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Breton_language_literature_and_culture?f_ri=133911"},{"id":17391,"name":"Megalithic Monuments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Megalithic_Monuments?f_ri=133911"},{"id":19335,"name":"Ancient myth and religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_myth_and_religion?f_ri=133911"},{"id":25420,"name":"Fairytales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fairytales?f_ri=133911"},{"id":25607,"name":"Megaliths (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Megaliths_Archaeology_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":29000,"name":"Celtic studies (Medieval Studies)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_studies_Medieval_Studies_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":64915,"name":"Welsh History and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Welsh_History_and_Culture?f_ri=133911"},{"id":76823,"name":"Folk and Fairy Tales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folk_and_Fairy_Tales?f_ri=133911"},{"id":94070,"name":"Fairy tales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fairy_tales?f_ri=133911"},{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911"},{"id":134619,"name":"Celtic Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Mythology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":173143,"name":"Arthurian Studies, Celtic Culture, Mythologies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arthurian_Studies_Celtic_Culture_Mythologies?f_ri=133911"},{"id":201857,"name":"Brittany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brittany?f_ri=133911"},{"id":257633,"name":"Folkloristics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folkloristics?f_ri=133911"},{"id":264590,"name":"Fairies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fairies?f_ri=133911"},{"id":404496,"name":"Welsh mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Welsh_mythology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":728149,"name":"Celtic Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Folklore?f_ri=133911"},{"id":939217,"name":"Ancient Celtic Faith","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Celtic_Faith?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1011511,"name":"Irish and Celtic Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irish_and_Celtic_Mythology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1405544,"name":"Broceliade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Broceliade?f_ri=133911"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27559301" data-work_id="27559301" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27559301/Clovis_King_of_the_Franks_Towards_a_New_Chronology">Clovis, King of the Franks - Towards a New Chronology</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Chronology of the life of Clovis and his father Childeric has been an ongoing problem for over a hundred years. In this paper I endeavour to solve some of the problems inherent in a chronology that has been distorted by two separate... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27559301" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Chronology of the life of Clovis and his father Childeric has been an ongoing problem for over a hundred years. In this paper I endeavour to solve some of the problems inherent in a chronology that has been distorted by two separate strands of dating mechanisms within Gregory of Tours' History in Ten Books. The first where Clovis' reign ends in 511 and the second where an effort was made to extend his life and reign to 518. I will propose that seven years were added to Clovis' life and reign by an interpolator to create this 518 extension. This will then show that Clovis was a minor when Childeric, his father died and so Clovis was unable to become king until he became fifteen years of age in 488CE. I will also examine the letters of the bishops Remigius and Avitus and suggest their correct dating and find confirmation that Clovis was baptised as a Catholic in December 496 by revealing who Avitus' Princeps was that had eluded Danuta Shanzer in her 1998 paper-Dating the Baptism of Clovis. Using contemporary and near contemporary evidence and archaeology I will construct a chronology of events that is not far removed from that currently accepted aside from the start of his reign, the length of his reign, his age at death and the chronology of some early events. I will also suggest that Clovis may have become a Christian on marriage to Clotilda, but not choosing which form until baptism, or that his mother was already Arian Christian, explaining his knowledge of Christian ideals and tenets from an early age. Regarding Childeric, I will suggest that his father was Chlodion; the dates that he occupied Paris and the date and place of his battle against the Alamanni. I will also suggest that the last of the Gallo-Romans under Syagrius came to power when the western Gauls revolted; the eastern empire having refused their petitions to rule the west in favour of the barbarian Odoacer; and that they remained in power with Visigothic aid until their defeat by Clovis. An effort will also be made to explain the term Merovingian and how it came about due to the Frankish elite of the sixth and seventh centuries having famous ancestors. In doing so the origin of the mythical sea monster tale regarding the birth of Merovech can be revealed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27559301" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5b8fc807fdacdf51cdff507c0d8b1b1b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54010524,"asset_id":27559301,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54010524/download_file?st=MTczOTg0Mjk3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8478154" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DanePestano">Dane R Pestano</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8478154" type="text/json">{"id":8478154,"first_name":"Dane","last_name":"Pestano","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DanePestano","display_name":"Dane R Pestano","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DanePestano?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8478154/4327226/108679181/s65_dane.pestano.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27559301 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27559301"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27559301, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27559301", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_27559301 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27559301; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_27559301"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_27559301 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27559301"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27559301; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27559301]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27559301").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27559301").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27559301"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">22</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="788" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology">Mythology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="788" type="text/json">{"id":788,"name":"Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="829" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History">Roman History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="829" type="text/json">{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1181" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_History">French History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1181" type="text/json">{"id":1181,"name":"French History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_History?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27559301]'), work: {"id":27559301,"title":"Clovis, King of the Franks - Towards a New Chronology","created_at":"2016-08-05T05:55:51.300-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27559301/Clovis_King_of_the_Franks_Towards_a_New_Chronology?f_ri=133911","dom_id":"work_27559301","summary":"The Chronology of the life of Clovis and his father Childeric has been an ongoing problem for over a hundred years. In this paper I endeavour to solve some of the problems inherent in a chronology that has been distorted by two separate strands of dating mechanisms within Gregory of Tours' History in Ten Books. The first where Clovis' reign ends in 511 and the second where an effort was made to extend his life and reign to 518. I will propose that seven years were added to Clovis' life and reign by an interpolator to create this 518 extension. This will then show that Clovis was a minor when Childeric, his father died and so Clovis was unable to become king until he became fifteen years of age in 488CE. I will also examine the letters of the bishops Remigius and Avitus and suggest their correct dating and find confirmation that Clovis was baptised as a Catholic in December 496 by revealing who Avitus' Princeps was that had eluded Danuta Shanzer in her 1998 paper-Dating the Baptism of Clovis. Using contemporary and near contemporary evidence and archaeology I will construct a chronology of events that is not far removed from that currently accepted aside from the start of his reign, the length of his reign, his age at death and the chronology of some early events. I will also suggest that Clovis may have become a Christian on marriage to Clotilda, but not choosing which form until baptism, or that his mother was already Arian Christian, explaining his knowledge of Christian ideals and tenets from an early age. Regarding Childeric, I will suggest that his father was Chlodion; the dates that he occupied Paris and the date and place of his battle against the Alamanni. I will also suggest that the last of the Gallo-Romans under Syagrius came to power when the western Gauls revolted; the eastern empire having refused their petitions to rule the west in favour of the barbarian Odoacer; and that they remained in power with Visigothic aid until their defeat by Clovis. An effort will also be made to explain the term Merovingian and how it came about due to the Frankish elite of the sixth and seventh centuries having famous ancestors. In doing so the origin of the mythical sea monster tale regarding the birth of Merovech can be revealed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54010524,"asset_id":27559301,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8478154,"first_name":"Dane","last_name":"Pestano","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DanePestano","display_name":"Dane R Pestano","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DanePestano?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8478154/4327226/108679181/s65_dane.pestano.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":788,"name":"Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":1181,"name":"French History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_History?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=133911"},{"id":7870,"name":"Medieval Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity?f_ri=133911"},{"id":28764,"name":"Merovingian period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Merovingian_period?f_ri=133911"},{"id":34956,"name":"Visigothic Spain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visigothic_Spain?f_ri=133911"},{"id":40134,"name":"Roman Gaul","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Gaul?f_ri=133911"},{"id":50323,"name":"Merovingian and Carolingian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Merovingian_and_Carolingian?f_ri=133911"},{"id":93457,"name":"The Merovingians","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Merovingians?f_ri=133911"},{"id":112417,"name":"Franks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Franks?f_ri=133911"},{"id":125656,"name":"Frankish history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Frankish_history?f_ri=133911"},{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911"},{"id":236113,"name":"Clovis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clovis?f_ri=133911"},{"id":322142,"name":"Aquitaine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aquitaine?f_ri=133911"},{"id":406632,"name":"Archéologie Mérovingienne","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archeologie_Merovingienne?f_ri=133911"},{"id":429743,"name":"Medieval History of the Franks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History_of_the_Franks?f_ri=133911"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":866808,"name":"Theoderic the Great","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoderic_the_Great?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1834980,"name":"Frankish kingship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Frankish_kingship?f_ri=133911"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7631991" data-work_id="7631991" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7631991/Golden_Biographies_The_Production_Curation_Fragmentation_and_Deposition_of_the_Armorican_Type_Rolled_Gold_Bead_Like_Ornaments_found_at_Pendleton_Lancashire">Golden Biographies: The Production, Curation, Fragmentation and Deposition of the Armorican-Type Rolled-Gold Bead-Like Ornaments found at Pendleton, Lancashire</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A rare Chalcolithic rolled-gold bead-like ornament dated to c. 2400–2200 cal. BC was found in association with sherds of early Beaker ware in an Early Bronze Age Collared Urn burial dated to c. 1545–1450 cal. BC. The grave was located at... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7631991" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A rare Chalcolithic rolled-gold bead-like ornament dated to c. 2400–2200 cal. BC was found in association with sherds of early Beaker ware in an Early Bronze Age Collared Urn burial dated <br />to c. 1545–1450 cal. BC. The grave was located at Pendleton, Lancashire. This paper reports on the AMS radiocarbon dates for the burial context along with X-ray composition analysis of the <br />gold ornament, which shows the object had a high platinum content consistent with alluvial, placer, deposits possibly originating in Brittany, France rather than the British Isles. This <br />unparalleled rolled-gold ornament is compared to the corpus of British and French rolled-gold ornaments and contemporary goldwork and a provenance, manufacture and biography of the find is explored. Both curation and fragmentation are considered in the context of a dated Beaker ware assemblage from the local domestic site of Lower Brockholes, Preston, as well as existing corpora of Beaker and Collared Urn ware from the region.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7631991" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="19957628f00cdcef2a7422af7fb25a59" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34936105,"asset_id":7631991,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34936105/download_file?st=MTczOTg0Mjk3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6711338" href="https://cambridge.academia.edu/DavidBarrowclough">David Barrowclough</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6711338" type="text/json">{"id":6711338,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Barrowclough","domain_name":"cambridge","page_name":"DavidBarrowclough","display_name":"David Barrowclough","profile_url":"https://cambridge.academia.edu/DavidBarrowclough?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6711338/2637252/48103184/s65_david.barrowclough.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7631991 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7631991"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7631991, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7631991", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7631991 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7631991; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7631991"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7631991 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7631991"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7631991; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7631991]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7631991").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7631991").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7631991"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">160</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl11x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History">European History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="131" type="text/json">{"id":131,"name":"European History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="188" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies">Cultural Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="188" type="text/json">{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="383" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies">European Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="383" type="text/json">{"id":383,"name":"European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7631991]'), work: {"id":7631991,"title":"Golden Biographies: The Production, Curation, Fragmentation and Deposition of the Armorican-Type Rolled-Gold Bead-Like Ornaments found at Pendleton, Lancashire","created_at":"2014-07-11T04:43:34.642-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7631991/Golden_Biographies_The_Production_Curation_Fragmentation_and_Deposition_of_the_Armorican_Type_Rolled_Gold_Bead_Like_Ornaments_found_at_Pendleton_Lancashire?f_ri=133911","dom_id":"work_7631991","summary":"A rare Chalcolithic rolled-gold bead-like ornament dated to c. 2400–2200 cal. BC was found in association with sherds of early Beaker ware in an Early Bronze Age Collared Urn burial dated\r\nto c. 1545–1450 cal. BC. The grave was located at Pendleton, Lancashire. This paper reports on the AMS radiocarbon dates for the burial context along with X-ray composition analysis of the\r\ngold ornament, which shows the object had a high platinum content consistent with alluvial, placer, deposits possibly originating in Brittany, France rather than the British Isles. This\r\nunparalleled rolled-gold ornament is compared to the corpus of British and French rolled-gold ornaments and contemporary goldwork and a provenance, manufacture and biography of the find is explored. Both curation and fragmentation are considered in the context of a dated Beaker ware assemblage from the local domestic site of Lower Brockholes, Preston, as well as existing corpora of Beaker and Collared Urn ware from the region.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34936105,"asset_id":7631991,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6711338,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Barrowclough","domain_name":"cambridge","page_name":"DavidBarrowclough","display_name":"David Barrowclough","profile_url":"https://cambridge.academia.edu/DavidBarrowclough?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6711338/2637252/48103184/s65_david.barrowclough.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":131,"name":"European History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":383,"name":"European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":399,"name":"Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":954,"name":"Social Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Anthropology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":2132,"name":"Cultural Heritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage?f_ri=133911"},{"id":2324,"name":"British History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_History?f_ri=133911"},{"id":2473,"name":"Material Culture Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Culture_Studies?f_ri=133911"},{"id":2986,"name":"Material culture of religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_culture_of_religion?f_ri=133911"},{"id":3316,"name":"Archaeological Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Science?f_ri=133911"},{"id":3499,"name":"Social and Cultural Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Cultural_Anthropology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":5346,"name":"Archaeological Method \u0026 Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Method_and_Theory?f_ri=133911"},{"id":6309,"name":"Metallurgy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metallurgy?f_ri=133911"},{"id":8516,"name":"Funerary Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Funerary_Archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":8527,"name":"Metalwork (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metalwork_Archaeology_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":11199,"name":"Neolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":12523,"name":"Bronze Age Europe (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Europe_Archaeology_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":12587,"name":"Neolithic \u0026 Chalcolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_and_Chalcolithic_Archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":12591,"name":"Chalcolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chalcolithic_Archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":12721,"name":"Bell Beakers (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bell_Beakers_Archaeology_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":13509,"name":"Bronze Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":14401,"name":"Religion and ritual in prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion_and_ritual_in_prehistory?f_ri=133911"},{"id":16905,"name":"Craft Knowledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Craft_Knowledge?f_ri=133911"},{"id":17391,"name":"Megalithic Monuments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Megalithic_Monuments?f_ri=133911"},{"id":17562,"name":"Death and Burial (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Death_and_Burial_Archaeology_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":18395,"name":"British Prehistory (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_Prehistory_Archaeology_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":18496,"name":"Mining","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mining?f_ri=133911"},{"id":18821,"name":"Archaeological Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Theory?f_ri=133911"},{"id":19731,"name":"Prehistoric Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Technology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":23342,"name":"Cultural Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Anthropology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":24940,"name":"Burial Practices (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Burial_Practices_Archaeology_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":25552,"name":"Consumption and Material Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumption_and_Material_Culture?f_ri=133911"},{"id":25607,"name":"Megaliths (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Megaliths_Archaeology_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":25608,"name":"Prehistoric Europe (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Europe_Archaeology_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":25990,"name":"Archaeology of Lancashire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_Lancashire?f_ri=133911"},{"id":26086,"name":"Neolithic Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Europe?f_ri=133911"},{"id":26726,"name":"Bronze Age (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Archaeology_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":28903,"name":"Craft production (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Craft_production_Archaeology_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":30805,"name":"Early Bronze Age (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Bronze_Age_Archaeology_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":30979,"name":"Irish/British prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irish_British_prehistory?f_ri=133911"},{"id":33068,"name":"Craft Production (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Craft_Production_Anthropology_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":33457,"name":"Material Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Culture?f_ri=133911"},{"id":34552,"name":"European Prehistory (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Prehistory_Archaeology_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":34817,"name":"Prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistory?f_ri=133911"},{"id":38937,"name":"Biography of artefacts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography_of_artefacts?f_ri=133911"},{"id":40409,"name":"European Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":41906,"name":"Neolithic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic?f_ri=133911"},{"id":46356,"name":"Ancient Metal Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Metal_Technology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":48013,"name":"Archaeology and Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_and_Anthropology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":48162,"name":"European Bronze Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Bronze_Age?f_ri=133911"},{"id":49434,"name":"Ancient Metallurgy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Metallurgy?f_ri=133911"},{"id":55619,"name":"Archaeology of burials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_burials?f_ri=133911"},{"id":58017,"name":"British Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_Archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":58724,"name":"Bronze Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age?f_ri=133911"},{"id":62856,"name":"Early Bronze Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Bronze_Age?f_ri=133911"},{"id":78987,"name":"Ancient Metalwork","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Metalwork?f_ri=133911"},{"id":84559,"name":"Megalithism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Megalithism?f_ri=133911"},{"id":86719,"name":"Copper age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copper_age?f_ri=133911"},{"id":95216,"name":"European Prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Prehistory?f_ri=133911"},{"id":99198,"name":"Chalcolithic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chalcolithic?f_ri=133911"},{"id":99214,"name":"Chalcolithic Metallurgy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chalcolithic_Metallurgy?f_ri=133911"},{"id":99636,"name":"Prehistoric Metallurgy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Metallurgy?f_ri=133911"},{"id":102188,"name":"Archaeology of death and burial","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_death_and_burial?f_ri=133911"},{"id":103161,"name":"British prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_prehistory?f_ri=133911"},{"id":103387,"name":"Bronze Age Copper and Copper Alloy Artefacts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Copper_and_Copper_Alloy_Artefacts?f_ri=133911"},{"id":109033,"name":"Late Neolithic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Neolithic?f_ri=133911"},{"id":113375,"name":"Biography of Objects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography_of_Objects?f_ri=133911"},{"id":114384,"name":"Prehistoric metalwork","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_metalwork?f_ri=133911"},{"id":119537,"name":"Bronze Age Burial Practices in England","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Burial_Practices_in_England?f_ri=133911"},{"id":123009,"name":"Burial Customs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Burial_Customs?f_ri=133911"},{"id":133226,"name":"Artefacts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artefacts?f_ri=133911"},{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911"},{"id":139401,"name":"Ancient Mining and Metallurgy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Mining_and_Metallurgy?f_ri=133911"},{"id":142210,"name":"Northern European Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northern_European_Archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":146738,"name":"Megalithic Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Megalithic_Technology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":160397,"name":"Bell Beaker Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bell_Beaker_Culture?f_ri=133911"},{"id":172249,"name":"European Bronze Age and Prehistorie","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Bronze_Age_and_Prehistorie?f_ri=133911"},{"id":176379,"name":"Megaliths","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Megaliths?f_ri=133911"},{"id":177590,"name":"North European Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/North_European_Archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":187775,"name":"Prehistoric Burials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Burials?f_ri=133911"},{"id":201857,"name":"Brittany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brittany?f_ri=133911"},{"id":214389,"name":"Prehistoric personal ornaments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_personal_ornaments?f_ri=133911"},{"id":225615,"name":"Biograpy of Objects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biograpy_of_Objects?f_ri=133911"},{"id":227568,"name":"Object biography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Object_biography?f_ri=133911"},{"id":231145,"name":"European archaeology and geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_archaeology_and_geology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":231900,"name":"Barrows","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Barrows?f_ri=133911"},{"id":248252,"name":"Copper age and Bronze Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copper_age_and_Bronze_Age?f_ri=133911"},{"id":249533,"name":"Grave Goods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Grave_Goods?f_ri=133911"},{"id":254417,"name":"Bronze Age burials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_burials?f_ri=133911"},{"id":255613,"name":"Ancient Metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Metals?f_ri=133911"},{"id":266871,"name":"Neolithic and Bronze Age Britain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_and_Bronze_Age_Britain?f_ri=133911"},{"id":268454,"name":"European Bronze Age Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Bronze_Age_Trade?f_ri=133911"},{"id":276445,"name":"European Neolithic, Copper Age, Bronze Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Neolithic_Copper_Age_Bronze_Age?f_ri=133911"},{"id":289612,"name":"Burial archaeology, Bronze Age, cremation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Burial_archaeology_Bronze_Age_cremation?f_ri=133911"},{"id":295042,"name":"Collared-rim jars","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collared-rim_jars?f_ri=133911"},{"id":298139,"name":"Late Neolithic settlement and ritual \u0026 Bronze Age monumentality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Neolithic_settlement_and_ritual_and_Bronze_Age_monumentality?f_ri=133911"},{"id":305062,"name":"Bronze Age Metalwork","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Metalwork?f_ri=133911"},{"id":315335,"name":"Neolithic, Eneolithic, Early Bronze Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Eneolithic_Early_Bronze_Age?f_ri=133911"},{"id":316327,"name":"European Neolithic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Neolithic?f_ri=133911"},{"id":335242,"name":"Megalithic tombs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Megalithic_tombs?f_ri=133911"},{"id":338464,"name":"Archaeological Journal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Journal?f_ri=133911"},{"id":338595,"name":"North West England","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/North_West_England?f_ri=133911"},{"id":340419,"name":"European Copper and Bronze Age – Archaeometallurgy – Prehistoric Metalworking in Social Context – Settlement Archaeology – Application of Geophysical Methods in Archaeology – Neolithic – Theory / Cultural Anthropology – Material Culture Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Copper_and_Bronze_Age_-_Archaeometallurgy_-_Prehistoric_Metalworking_in_Social_Context_-_Se?f_ri=133911"},{"id":341890,"name":"Bell Beaker","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bell_Beaker?f_ri=133911"},{"id":341974,"name":"late Neolithic and Bronze Age barrows","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/late_Neolithic_and_Bronze_Age_barrows?f_ri=133911"},{"id":344942,"name":"Gold Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gold_Archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":352221,"name":"Megalithic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Megalithic?f_ri=133911"},{"id":357608,"name":"Structured Deposition (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structured_Deposition_Archaeology_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":364329,"name":"Chalcolithic and Bronze Age burial","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chalcolithic_and_Bronze_Age_burial?f_ri=133911"},{"id":380231,"name":"Fragmentation in material culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fragmentation_in_material_culture?f_ri=133911"},{"id":387233,"name":"Gold mining","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gold_mining?f_ri=133911"},{"id":412240,"name":"Bell Beakers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bell_Beakers?f_ri=133911"},{"id":417393,"name":"Megalithic monument","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Megalithic_monument?f_ri=133911"},{"id":419293,"name":"Mortuary Practices in European Neolithic and Copper Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mortuary_Practices_in_European_Neolithic_and_Copper_Age?f_ri=133911"},{"id":419294,"name":"Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Neolithic_to_Early_Bronze_Age?f_ri=133911"},{"id":440498,"name":"Bronze Age metalworking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_metalworking?f_ri=133911"},{"id":445593,"name":"Beaker pottery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beaker_pottery?f_ri=133911"},{"id":457600,"name":"Neolithic and Chalcolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_and_Chalcolithic_Archaeology-1?f_ri=133911"},{"id":459314,"name":"Dolmens and megaliths","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dolmens_and_megaliths?f_ri=133911"},{"id":493250,"name":"History of Brittany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Brittany?f_ri=133911"},{"id":509360,"name":"Beaker","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beaker?f_ri=133911"},{"id":520299,"name":"Bell Beaker Phenomenon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bell_Beaker_Phenomenon?f_ri=133911"},{"id":528815,"name":"European Copper and Bronze Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Copper_and_Bronze_Age?f_ri=133911"},{"id":533098,"name":"Prehistoric Burials and Grave","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Burials_and_Grave?f_ri=133911"},{"id":549419,"name":"Materials and Metallurgy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_and_Metallurgy?f_ri=133911"},{"id":557089,"name":"Gold Artefacts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gold_Artefacts?f_ri=133911"},{"id":557465,"name":"Prehistoric Trade and Exchange","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Trade_and_Exchange?f_ri=133911"},{"id":562525,"name":"Bronze Age barrows","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_barrows?f_ri=133911"},{"id":577797,"name":"Craft Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Craft_Production?f_ri=133911"},{"id":595674,"name":"Archaeology in France","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_in_France?f_ri=133911"},{"id":598859,"name":"northern British Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/northern_British_Archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":598884,"name":"Northern British Prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northern_British_Prehistory?f_ri=133911"},{"id":648889,"name":"Study of Craft Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Study_of_Craft_Production?f_ri=133911"},{"id":681456,"name":"Lancashire Local History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lancashire_Local_History?f_ri=133911"},{"id":729888,"name":"Archaeology of Brittany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_Brittany?f_ri=133911"},{"id":748942,"name":"French Prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_Prehistory?f_ri=133911"},{"id":848560,"name":"Archaeology of the British Isles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_the_British_Isles?f_ri=133911"},{"id":968322,"name":"Material Culture and Religioin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Culture_and_Religioin?f_ri=133911"},{"id":971034,"name":"Beaker Cultures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beaker_Cultures?f_ri=133911"},{"id":979771,"name":"Megalithic Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Megalithic_Culture?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1032108,"name":"Prehistoric Burials, Cemeteries, Monuments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Burials_Cemeteries_Monuments?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1032480,"name":"Bronze Age Metalwork and Metallurgy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Metalwork_and_Metallurgy?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1033297,"name":"Armorican Peninsula","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorican_Peninsula?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1079324,"name":"Fragmentation (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fragmentation_Archaeology_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1109597,"name":"Early Bronze Age ceremonial activity and burial","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Bronze_Age_ceremonial_activity_and_burial?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1171752,"name":"Later European Prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Later_European_Prehistory?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1223670,"name":"Bronze Age Cairns","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Cairns?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1241172,"name":"Gold treasure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gold_treasure?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1328062,"name":"Anthropology of Death, Material Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology_of_Death_Material_Culture?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1580491,"name":"Prehistoric Gold Ornament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Gold_Ornament?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1601976,"name":"Prehistoric Lancashire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Lancashire?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1601991,"name":"archaeology Lancashire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/archaeology_Lancashire?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1726633,"name":"Biography of Objects/Artefacts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography_of_Objects_Artefacts?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1794000,"name":"North West England (archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/North_West_England_archaeology_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1795750,"name":"Lancashire Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lancashire_Archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1798980,"name":"Prehistory Lancashire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistory_Lancashire?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1802350,"name":"Cross Channel prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Channel_prehistory?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1802357,"name":"Burial Goods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Burial_Goods?f_ri=133911"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6263263" data-work_id="6263263" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6263263/High_level_shore_features_of_Jersey_Channel_Islands_and_adjacent_areas">High level shore features of Jersey (Channel Islands) and adjacent areas</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Past marine surfaces occur between present low tide and 45 m mean sea level (msl) in the Channel Islands and along adjacent French coasts, particularly on Jersey. A detailed historical review of the early work concerned with the mapping... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6263263" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Past marine surfaces occur between present low tide and 45 m mean sea level (msl) in the Channel Islands and along adjacent French coasts, particularly on Jersey. A detailed historical review of the early work concerned with the mapping of the range of marine surfaces is supported by detailed levelling surveys including a new one of the cove of Le Pulec in Jersey. The importance of the very large tidal ranges in parts of the area, that between Guernsey and the Baie du Mont-Saint-Michel being the largest in the world for relatively open sea, is shown to have an effect on the height range of present and former sea-levels. This information is applied to make estimates of past tidal ranges related to the outcrop evidence of the high marine surfaces. The survey results are applied to develop a sequence of high marine surfaces which differ in some important respects from those published to date for both the Channel Islands and adjacent French coasts. Discussion of the factors that may affect the altitude and age of the marine surfaces includes consideration of the current debates surrounding the origins of the uplift, whether of purely neotectonic or combined neotectonic and climatically induced factors.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6263263" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c2dee353ef810f8e0cb33245183d2d33" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48941966,"asset_id":6263263,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48941966/download_file?st=MTczOTg0Mjk3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9663633" href="https://nocuffs.academia.edu/JohnRenouf">John Renouf</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9663633" type="text/json">{"id":9663633,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Renouf","domain_name":"nocuffs","page_name":"JohnRenouf","display_name":"John Renouf","profile_url":"https://nocuffs.academia.edu/JohnRenouf?f_ri=133911","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6263263 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6263263"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6263263, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6263263", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6263263 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6263263; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6263263"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6263263 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6263263"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6263263; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6263263]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6263263").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6263263").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6263263"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9890" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quaternary_Geology">Quaternary Geology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9890" type="text/json">{"id":9890,"name":"Quaternary Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quaternary_Geology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48807" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sedimentary_geology_and_stratigraphy">Sedimentary geology and stratigraphy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48807" type="text/json">{"id":48807,"name":"Sedimentary geology and stratigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sedimentary_geology_and_stratigraphy?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="133911" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica">Armorica</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="133911" type="text/json">{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134622" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Channel_Islands_Europe_">Channel Islands (Europe)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="134622" type="text/json">{"id":134622,"name":"Channel Islands (Europe)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Channel_Islands_Europe_?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6263263]'), work: {"id":6263263,"title":"High level shore features of Jersey (Channel Islands) and adjacent areas","created_at":"2014-03-02T16:56:43.109-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6263263/High_level_shore_features_of_Jersey_Channel_Islands_and_adjacent_areas?f_ri=133911","dom_id":"work_6263263","summary":"Past marine surfaces occur between present low tide and 45 m mean sea level (msl) in the Channel Islands and along adjacent French coasts, particularly on Jersey. A detailed historical review of the early work concerned with the mapping of the range of marine surfaces is supported by detailed levelling surveys including a new one of the cove of Le Pulec in Jersey. The importance of the very large tidal ranges in parts of the area, that between Guernsey and the Baie du Mont-Saint-Michel being the largest in the world for relatively open sea, is shown to have an effect on the height range of present and former sea-levels. This information is applied to make estimates of past tidal ranges related to the outcrop evidence of the high marine surfaces. The survey results are applied to develop a sequence of high marine surfaces which differ in some important respects from those published to date for both the Channel Islands and adjacent French coasts. Discussion of the factors that may affect the altitude and age of the marine surfaces includes consideration of the current debates surrounding the origins of the uplift, whether of purely neotectonic or combined neotectonic and climatically induced factors.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48941966,"asset_id":6263263,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9663633,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Renouf","domain_name":"nocuffs","page_name":"JohnRenouf","display_name":"John Renouf","profile_url":"https://nocuffs.academia.edu/JohnRenouf?f_ri=133911","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9890,"name":"Quaternary Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quaternary_Geology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":48807,"name":"Sedimentary geology and stratigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sedimentary_geology_and_stratigraphy?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":134622,"name":"Channel Islands (Europe)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Channel_Islands_Europe_?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6263252" data-work_id="6263252" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6263252/Geological_excursion_guide_1_Jersey_and_Guernsey_Channel_Islands">Geological excursion guide 1: Jersey and Guernsey, Channel Islands</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6263252" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="42778aee4cfa8869c3352c8054994be3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36231258,"asset_id":6263252,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36231258/download_file?st=MTczOTg0Mjk3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9663633" href="https://nocuffs.academia.edu/JohnRenouf">John Renouf</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9663633" type="text/json">{"id":9663633,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Renouf","domain_name":"nocuffs","page_name":"JohnRenouf","display_name":"John Renouf","profile_url":"https://nocuffs.academia.edu/JohnRenouf?f_ri=133911","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6263252 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6263252"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6263252, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6263252", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6263252 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6263252; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6263252"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6263252 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6263252"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6263252; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6263252]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6263252").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6263252").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6263252"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9890" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quaternary_Geology">Quaternary Geology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9890" type="text/json">{"id":9890,"name":"Quaternary Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quaternary_Geology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13310" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Geology">History of Geology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13310" type="text/json">{"id":13310,"name":"History of Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Geology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17285" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Field_Geology">Field Geology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17285" type="text/json">{"id":17285,"name":"Field Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Field_Geology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48807" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sedimentary_geology_and_stratigraphy">Sedimentary geology and stratigraphy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="48807" type="text/json">{"id":48807,"name":"Sedimentary geology and stratigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sedimentary_geology_and_stratigraphy?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6263252]'), work: {"id":6263252,"title":"Geological excursion guide 1: Jersey and Guernsey, Channel Islands","created_at":"2014-03-02T16:56:19.130-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6263252/Geological_excursion_guide_1_Jersey_and_Guernsey_Channel_Islands?f_ri=133911","dom_id":"work_6263252","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36231258,"asset_id":6263252,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9663633,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Renouf","domain_name":"nocuffs","page_name":"JohnRenouf","display_name":"John Renouf","profile_url":"https://nocuffs.academia.edu/JohnRenouf?f_ri=133911","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9890,"name":"Quaternary Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quaternary_Geology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":13310,"name":"History of Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Geology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":17285,"name":"Field Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Field_Geology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":48807,"name":"Sedimentary geology and stratigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sedimentary_geology_and_stratigraphy?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30928644" data-work_id="30928644" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30928644/Exkursion_Taunus_Spessart_2007_Protokoll">Exkursion Taunus/Spessart 2007 - Protokoll</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Geo 1 Abschluß-Exkursion zum Grundkurs "Gesteine" im Diplomstudiengang Geologie in Wetterau/Spessart/Taunus 1. Das Exkursionsgebiet 1 2. Nauborner Kopf u. Sportplatz 3 4. Gaulsberg bei Ortenberg 4 5. Abtshecke 5 6. Altenmittlau, nicht... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30928644" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Geo 1 Abschluß-Exkursion zum Grundkurs "Gesteine" im Diplomstudiengang Geologie in Wetterau/Spessart/Taunus<br />1. Das Exkursionsgebiet 1 <br />2. Nauborner Kopf u. Sportplatz 3 <br />4. Gaulsberg bei Ortenberg 4 <br />5. Abtshecke 5 <br />6. Altenmittlau, nicht besucht=NB) 6 <br />7. Zeugenberg Meerholzer Heiligenkopf 6<br /> 8. Hahnenkamm in Omersbach 6 <br />9. Erlenbach bei Schöllkrippen 7</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30928644" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1f050450764f43a2854b711fd8288473" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57200708,"asset_id":30928644,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57200708/download_file?st=MTczOTg0Mjk3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="854565" href="https://uni-koeln.academia.edu/ManfredBundschuh">Manfred Bundschuh</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="854565" type="text/json">{"id":854565,"first_name":"Manfred","last_name":"Bundschuh","domain_name":"uni-koeln","page_name":"ManfredBundschuh","display_name":"Manfred Bundschuh","profile_url":"https://uni-koeln.academia.edu/ManfredBundschuh?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/854565/304194/360122/s65_manfred.bundschuh.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30928644 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30928644"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30928644, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30928644", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30928644 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30928644; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30928644"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30928644 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30928644"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30928644; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30928644]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30928644").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30928644").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30928644"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="133911" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica">Armorica</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="133911" type="text/json">{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="280136" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Variscan_belt">Variscan belt</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="280136" type="text/json">{"id":280136,"name":"Variscan belt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Variscan_belt?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="755655" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Variscan_Orogeny">Variscan Orogeny</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="755655" type="text/json">{"id":755655,"name":"Variscan Orogeny","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Variscan_Orogeny?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200418" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rheic_Ocean">Rheic Ocean</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200418" type="text/json">{"id":1200418,"name":"Rheic Ocean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rheic_Ocean?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30928644]'), work: {"id":30928644,"title":"Exkursion Taunus/Spessart 2007 - Protokoll","created_at":"2017-01-14T13:43:05.277-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30928644/Exkursion_Taunus_Spessart_2007_Protokoll?f_ri=133911","dom_id":"work_30928644","summary":"Geo 1 Abschluß-Exkursion zum Grundkurs \"Gesteine\" im Diplomstudiengang Geologie in Wetterau/Spessart/Taunus\n1. Das Exkursionsgebiet 1 \n2. Nauborner Kopf u. Sportplatz 3 \n4. Gaulsberg bei Ortenberg 4 \n5. Abtshecke 5 \n6. Altenmittlau, nicht besucht=NB) 6 \n7. Zeugenberg Meerholzer Heiligenkopf 6\n 8. Hahnenkamm in Omersbach 6 \n9. Erlenbach bei Schöllkrippen 7","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57200708,"asset_id":30928644,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":854565,"first_name":"Manfred","last_name":"Bundschuh","domain_name":"uni-koeln","page_name":"ManfredBundschuh","display_name":"Manfred Bundschuh","profile_url":"https://uni-koeln.academia.edu/ManfredBundschuh?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/854565/304194/360122/s65_manfred.bundschuh.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":280136,"name":"Variscan belt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Variscan_belt?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":755655,"name":"Variscan Orogeny","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Variscan_Orogeny?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":1200418,"name":"Rheic Ocean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rheic_Ocean?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":1886894,"name":"Rhenohercynian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rhenohercynian?f_ri=133911"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8155610" data-work_id="8155610" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8155610/Riothamus_rex_Brittonum">Riothamus 'rex Brittonum'</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">This work presents Riothamus, mysterious Briton who arrived to Gallia from Britain as emperor’s ally. He actively participated in Roman struggle against Visigoths but was defeated and quite quickly disappeared from pages of history.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8155610" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f67551db966e10dcdbe9ad7c527d759f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56794598,"asset_id":8155610,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56794598/download_file?st=MTczOTg0Mjk3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1217899" href="https://amu.academia.edu/DamianWaszak">Damian Waszak</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1217899" type="text/json">{"id":1217899,"first_name":"Damian","last_name":"Waszak","domain_name":"amu","page_name":"DamianWaszak","display_name":"Damian Waszak","profile_url":"https://amu.academia.edu/DamianWaszak?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1217899/1100797/11129117/s65_damian.waszak.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8155610 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8155610"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8155610, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8155610", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_8155610 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8155610; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_8155610"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_8155610 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="8155610"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8155610; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8155610]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8155610").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8155610").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8155610"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">33</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies">Celtic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1392" type="text/json">{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4839" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arthurian_Studies">Arthurian Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4839" type="text/json">{"id":4839,"name":"Arthurian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arthurian_Studies?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9287" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Post-Roman_Britain">Post-Roman Britain</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9287" type="text/json">{"id":9287,"name":"Post-Roman Britain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Post-Roman_Britain?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17370" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_History">Celtic History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17370" type="text/json">{"id":17370,"name":"Celtic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_History?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8155610]'), work: {"id":8155610,"title":"Riothamus 'rex Brittonum'","created_at":"2014-09-01T04:57:08.130-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8155610/Riothamus_rex_Brittonum?f_ri=133911","dom_id":"work_8155610","summary":"This work presents Riothamus, mysterious Briton who arrived to Gallia from Britain as emperor’s ally. He actively participated in Roman struggle against Visigoths but was defeated and quite quickly disappeared from pages of history.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56794598,"asset_id":8155610,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1217899,"first_name":"Damian","last_name":"Waszak","domain_name":"amu","page_name":"DamianWaszak","display_name":"Damian Waszak","profile_url":"https://amu.academia.edu/DamianWaszak?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1217899/1100797/11129117/s65_damian.waszak.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":4839,"name":"Arthurian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arthurian_Studies?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":9287,"name":"Post-Roman Britain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Post-Roman_Britain?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":17370,"name":"Celtic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_History?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":21618,"name":"Late Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Empire?f_ri=133911"},{"id":40134,"name":"Roman Gaul","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Gaul?f_ri=133911"},{"id":46581,"name":"Late Roman Army","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Army?f_ri=133911"},{"id":69747,"name":"Romano-British history and archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Romano-British_history_and_archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":82271,"name":"Celts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celts?f_ri=133911"},{"id":91655,"name":"Later Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Later_Roman_Empire?f_ri=133911"},{"id":102034,"name":"Ancient Celts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Celts?f_ri=133911"},{"id":102559,"name":"Celtic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic?f_ri=133911"},{"id":114010,"name":"Visigoths","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visigoths?f_ri=133911"},{"id":129066,"name":"Arthurian Legend","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arthurian_Legend?f_ri=133911"},{"id":129069,"name":"king Arthur","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/king_Arthur?f_ri=133911"},{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911"},{"id":159920,"name":"Late Roman Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Period?f_ri=133911"},{"id":201857,"name":"Brittany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brittany?f_ri=133911"},{"id":325582,"name":"Warlords","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Warlords?f_ri=133911"},{"id":328396,"name":"Ancient Gaul","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Gaul?f_ri=133911"},{"id":342172,"name":"Britons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Britons?f_ri=133911"},{"id":347186,"name":"Ancient Britain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Britain?f_ri=133911"},{"id":364034,"name":"Late Roman Gaul","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Gaul?f_ri=133911"},{"id":382998,"name":"The Celts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Celts?f_ri=133911"},{"id":441312,"name":"Romano British","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Romano_British?f_ri=133911"},{"id":493250,"name":"History of Brittany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Brittany?f_ri=133911"},{"id":499239,"name":"Gaule romaine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gaule_romaine?f_ri=133911"},{"id":652411,"name":"Romano-British Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Romano-British_Studies?f_ri=133911"},{"id":963030,"name":"Celtic Briton","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Briton?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1003825,"name":"Roman Britain and Gaul","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Britain_and_Gaul?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1035172,"name":"The Later Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Later_Roman_Empire?f_ri=133911"},{"id":2266437,"name":"Anthemius","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthemius?f_ri=133911"},{"id":2266440,"name":"Euric","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Euric?f_ri=133911"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37931412" data-work_id="37931412" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37931412/Analyse_spatiale_et_r%C3%A9gionalisation_des_productions_de_haches_%C3%A0_douille_de_types_armoricains">Analyse spatiale et régionalisation des productions de haches à douille de types armoricains.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Le phénomène des dépôts de haches à douille des types armoricains est connu depuis le XVIIIe siècle. Afin de pouvoir répondre aux questionnements concernant leurs contextes de découverte, ainsi que leur signification potentielle, il... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37931412" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Le phénomène des dépôts de haches à douille des types armoricains est connu depuis le XVIIIe siècle. Afin de pouvoir répondre aux questionnements concernant leurs contextes de découverte, ainsi que leur signification potentielle, il semble intéressant de revenir sur leur répartition géographique, notamment en utilisant les outils informatiques tels que les systèmes d’information géographique et les bases de données. L’approche spatiale des dépôts avait déjà été évoquée dans la thèse de J. Briard (1965), dans la publication conjointe de J. Briard et G. Verron (1976), puis reprise dans la publication plus récente de J. Rivallain (2012). Des études récentes prouvent que ces productions se situent au premier âge du Fer. Il nous a semblé intéressant de tenter de contribuer à comprendre pourquoi et comment un phénomène d’une telle ampleur a pu se produire dans le Grand Ouest français. Pour ce faire nous avons opté pour l’exploitation des données spatiales concernant ces dépôts, et nous en présentons, ici, les résultats.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37931412" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0d9a58bcf22a52c61bb82f7b27e56f61" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57944256,"asset_id":37931412,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57944256/download_file?st=MTczOTg0Mjk3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3905726" href="https://inrap.academia.edu/ElisabethTribouillard">Elisabeth Tribouillard</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3905726" type="text/json">{"id":3905726,"first_name":"Elisabeth","last_name":"Tribouillard","domain_name":"inrap","page_name":"ElisabethTribouillard","display_name":"Elisabeth Tribouillard","profile_url":"https://inrap.academia.edu/ElisabethTribouillard?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3905726/2458379/54977024/s65_elisabeth.tribouillard.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37931412 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37931412"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37931412, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37931412", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37931412 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37931412; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37931412"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37931412 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37931412"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37931412; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37931412]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37931412").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37931412").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37931412"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="42197" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iron_Age">Iron Age</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="42197" type="text/json">{"id":42197,"name":"Iron Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iron_Age?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="81867" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hoards">Hoards</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="81867" type="text/json">{"id":81867,"name":"Hoards","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hoards?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="133911" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica">Armorica</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="133911" type="text/json">{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="707945" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Depots">Dépots</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="707945" type="text/json">{"id":707945,"name":"Dépots","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Depots?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37931412]'), work: {"id":37931412,"title":"Analyse spatiale et régionalisation des productions de haches à douille de types armoricains.","created_at":"2018-12-07T04:39:47.526-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37931412/Analyse_spatiale_et_r%C3%A9gionalisation_des_productions_de_haches_%C3%A0_douille_de_types_armoricains?f_ri=133911","dom_id":"work_37931412","summary":"Le phénomène des dépôts de haches à douille des types armoricains est connu depuis le XVIIIe siècle. Afin de pouvoir répondre aux questionnements concernant leurs contextes de découverte, ainsi que leur signification potentielle, il semble intéressant de revenir sur leur répartition géographique, notamment en utilisant les outils informatiques tels que les systèmes d’information géographique et les bases de données. L’approche spatiale des dépôts avait déjà été évoquée dans la thèse de J. Briard (1965), dans la publication conjointe de J. Briard et G. Verron (1976), puis reprise dans la publication plus récente de J. Rivallain (2012). Des études récentes prouvent que ces productions se situent au premier âge du Fer. Il nous a semblé intéressant de tenter de contribuer à comprendre pourquoi et comment un phénomène d’une telle ampleur a pu se produire dans le Grand Ouest français. Pour ce faire nous avons opté pour l’exploitation des données spatiales concernant ces dépôts, et nous en présentons, ici, les résultats.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57944256,"asset_id":37931412,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3905726,"first_name":"Elisabeth","last_name":"Tribouillard","domain_name":"inrap","page_name":"ElisabethTribouillard","display_name":"Elisabeth Tribouillard","profile_url":"https://inrap.academia.edu/ElisabethTribouillard?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3905726/2458379/54977024/s65_elisabeth.tribouillard.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":42197,"name":"Iron Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iron_Age?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":81867,"name":"Hoards","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hoards?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":707945,"name":"Dépots","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Depots?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":1222433,"name":"Haches","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Haches?f_ri=133911"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4292377" data-work_id="4292377" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4292377/BOISL%C3%88VE_et_al_2013_Boisl%C3%A8ve_Julien_Labaune_Jean_Fran%C3%A7oise_Dupont_Catherine_D%C3%A9cors_peints_%C3%A0_incrustations_de_coquillages_en_Armorique_romaine_Ar%C3%A9morica_5_Brest_2013_p_9_32">BOISLÈVE et al. 2013 : Boislève Julien, Labaune-Jean Françoise, Dupont Catherine. - "Décors peints à incrustations de coquillages en Armorique romaine", Arémorica, 5, Brest, 2013, p. 9-32.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abstract : We intend here to present a set of decors specific to the western part of the Lyons province, i.e.: coatings with shell inlays. Frequently seen in Italy and on other sites in Gaul, these sets are, however much more numerous in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4292377" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abstract : We intend here to present a set of decors specific to the western part of the Lyons province, i.e.: coatings with shell inlays. Frequently seen in Italy and on other sites in Gaul, these sets are, however much more numerous in Armoric, presenting specific stylistic and technical traits which indeed constitute a regional group. First they seem to be rid of any materials, so present in opus musivum, other than shells for their inlays, thus doing away with tesserae, Egyptian blue beads, pumice stones and other rocaille elements. Only a few decors combine stucco with shell inlays. Otherwise, most coatings use shells to fill up often brightly coloured backgrounds, with black contours. The geometric patterns probably indicate grid-motifs. This technique, it must be noted, is mostly reserved to decorate ceilings to be found most of the time in thermae. <br />The recent discovery of three decors and the re-examining of former discoveries enabled us to map out those discoveries and to classify the various techniques in use. We shall therefore try here to analyse the technique implemented for these decors and the way they were discovered; we shall also try and see whether they are an adaptation of the nymphea or fountain decorations of 1st century Italy. <br />The shell analysis comes and completes what we know of the way the various shells were collected, chosen and implemented. It points out to clear choices of certain species and raises the question of their way of supply: trade or the recycling of the discarded shells after sea-shells meals.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4292377" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="510988269f8fc98244e74b09c4382cfe" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34556301,"asset_id":4292377,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34556301/download_file?st=MTczOTg0Mjk3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5216680" href="https://inrap.academia.edu/BoisleveJulienPeintureRomaineToichographologie">Julien Boislève</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5216680" type="text/json">{"id":5216680,"first_name":"Julien","last_name":"Boislève","domain_name":"inrap","page_name":"BoisleveJulienPeintureRomaineToichographologie","display_name":"Julien Boislève","profile_url":"https://inrap.academia.edu/BoisleveJulienPeintureRomaineToichographologie?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5216680/2297972/3593712/s65_julien.boisl_ve.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4292377 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4292377"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4292377, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4292377", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4292377 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4292377; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4292377"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4292377 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4292377"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4292377; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4292377]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4292377").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4292377").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4292377"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">25</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="393" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Archaeology">Classical Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="393" type="text/json">{"id":393,"name":"Classical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Archaeology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6450" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malacology">Malacology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6450" type="text/json">{"id":6450,"name":"Malacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malacology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15481" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Villae">Roman Villae</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15481" type="text/json">{"id":15481,"name":"Roman Villae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Villae?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4292377]'), work: {"id":4292377,"title":"BOISLÈVE et al. 2013 : Boislève Julien, Labaune-Jean Françoise, Dupont Catherine. - \"Décors peints à incrustations de coquillages en Armorique romaine\", Arémorica, 5, Brest, 2013, p. 9-32.","created_at":"2013-08-21T11:14:55.955-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4292377/BOISL%C3%88VE_et_al_2013_Boisl%C3%A8ve_Julien_Labaune_Jean_Fran%C3%A7oise_Dupont_Catherine_D%C3%A9cors_peints_%C3%A0_incrustations_de_coquillages_en_Armorique_romaine_Ar%C3%A9morica_5_Brest_2013_p_9_32?f_ri=133911","dom_id":"work_4292377","summary":"Abstract : We intend here to present a set of decors specific to the western part of the Lyons province, i.e.: coatings with shell inlays. Frequently seen in Italy and on other sites in Gaul, these sets are, however much more numerous in Armoric, presenting specific stylistic and technical traits which indeed constitute a regional group. First they seem to be rid of any materials, so present in opus musivum, other than shells for their inlays, thus doing away with tesserae, Egyptian blue beads, pumice stones and other rocaille elements. Only a few decors combine stucco with shell inlays. Otherwise, most coatings use shells to fill up often brightly coloured backgrounds, with black contours. The geometric patterns probably indicate grid-motifs. This technique, it must be noted, is mostly reserved to decorate ceilings to be found most of the time in thermae.\r\nThe recent discovery of three decors and the re-examining of former discoveries enabled us to map out those discoveries and to classify the various techniques in use. We shall therefore try here to analyse the technique implemented for these decors and the way they were discovered; we shall also try and see whether they are an adaptation of the nymphea or fountain decorations of 1st century Italy.\r\nThe shell analysis comes and completes what we know of the way the various shells were collected, chosen and implemented. It points out to clear choices of certain species and raises the question of their way of supply: trade or the recycling of the discarded shells after sea-shells meals.\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34556301,"asset_id":4292377,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5216680,"first_name":"Julien","last_name":"Boislève","domain_name":"inrap","page_name":"BoisleveJulienPeintureRomaineToichographologie","display_name":"Julien Boislève","profile_url":"https://inrap.academia.edu/BoisleveJulienPeintureRomaineToichographologie?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5216680/2297972/3593712/s65_julien.boisl_ve.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":393,"name":"Classical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Archaeology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":6450,"name":"Malacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malacology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":15481,"name":"Roman Villae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Villae?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":32626,"name":"Graeco-Roman Mosaics and Wall Paintings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graeco-Roman_Mosaics_and_Wall_Paintings?f_ri=133911"},{"id":33438,"name":"Ancient Greek and Roman Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_and_Roman_Art?f_ri=133911"},{"id":38840,"name":"Roman Painting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Painting?f_ri=133911"},{"id":48073,"name":"Gallo-roman archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gallo-roman_archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":48230,"name":"Roman Provincial Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Provincial_Archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":95424,"name":"Greek and Roman Art and Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Art_and_Architecture?f_ri=133911"},{"id":119014,"name":"Roman Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Art?f_ri=133911"},{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911"},{"id":184033,"name":"Seashells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seashells?f_ri=133911"},{"id":192941,"name":"Roman Villa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Villa?f_ri=133911"},{"id":263852,"name":"Roman Wall Painting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Wall_Painting?f_ri=133911"},{"id":277339,"name":"Archäologie","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaologie?f_ri=133911"},{"id":318646,"name":"Malacology (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malacology_Archaeology_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":340381,"name":"Roman Mosaics and Wall Paintings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Mosaics_and_Wall_Paintings?f_ri=133911"},{"id":379883,"name":"Pittura romana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pittura_romana?f_ri=133911"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1024252,"name":"Stucs D'époque Romaine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stucs_Depoque_Romaine?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1024256,"name":"Toichographologie","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toichographologie?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1024277,"name":"Décor D'époque Romaine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decor_Depoque_Romaine?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1024285,"name":"Peinture Romaine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peinture_Romaine?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1024382,"name":"Peinture Murale Romaine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peinture_Murale_Romaine?f_ri=133911"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10965162" data-work_id="10965162" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10965162/Goar_rex_Alanorum">Goar 'rex Alanorum'</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The article presents Goar, one of the kings of the Alans. Until the crossing of the Rhine at the beginning of 407, he was one of the allies of the German-Alan coalition, when for unknown reasons, he came down on the side of Roman and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10965162" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The article presents Goar, one of the kings of the Alans. Until the crossing of the Rhine at the beginning of 407, he was one of the allies of the German-Alan coalition, when for unknown reasons, he came down on the side of Roman and bound himself to the Roman Gaul.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10965162" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d05c1ab499211e545f2a81f38abdb86f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53674357,"asset_id":10965162,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53674357/download_file?st=MTczOTg0Mjk3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1217899" href="https://amu.academia.edu/DamianWaszak">Damian Waszak</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1217899" type="text/json">{"id":1217899,"first_name":"Damian","last_name":"Waszak","domain_name":"amu","page_name":"DamianWaszak","display_name":"Damian Waszak","profile_url":"https://amu.academia.edu/DamianWaszak?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1217899/1100797/11129117/s65_damian.waszak.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10965162 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10965162"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10965162, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10965162", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10965162 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10965162; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10965162"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10965162 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10965162"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10965162; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10965162]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10965162").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10965162").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10965162"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">33</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="829" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History">Roman History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="829" type="text/json">{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6730" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eurasian_Nomads">Eurasian Nomads</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6730" type="text/json">{"id":6730,"name":"Eurasian Nomads","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eurasian_Nomads?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21618" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Empire">Late Roman Empire</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21618" type="text/json">{"id":21618,"name":"Late Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Empire?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40134" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Gaul">Roman Gaul</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="40134" type="text/json">{"id":40134,"name":"Roman Gaul","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Gaul?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10965162]'), work: {"id":10965162,"title":"Goar 'rex Alanorum'","created_at":"2015-02-20T13:06:35.226-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10965162/Goar_rex_Alanorum?f_ri=133911","dom_id":"work_10965162","summary":"The article presents Goar, one of the kings of the Alans. Until the crossing of the Rhine at the beginning of 407, he was one of the allies of the German-Alan coalition, when for unknown reasons, he came down on the side of Roman and bound himself to the Roman Gaul.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53674357,"asset_id":10965162,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1217899,"first_name":"Damian","last_name":"Waszak","domain_name":"amu","page_name":"DamianWaszak","display_name":"Damian Waszak","profile_url":"https://amu.academia.edu/DamianWaszak?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1217899/1100797/11129117/s65_damian.waszak.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":6730,"name":"Eurasian Nomads","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eurasian_Nomads?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":21618,"name":"Late Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Empire?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":40134,"name":"Roman Gaul","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Gaul?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":46581,"name":"Late Roman Army","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Army?f_ri=133911"},{"id":48798,"name":"Barbarians","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Barbarians?f_ri=133911"},{"id":49082,"name":"Frontiers of the Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Frontiers_of_the_Roman_Empire?f_ri=133911"},{"id":80739,"name":"Bagaudae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bagaudae?f_ri=133911"},{"id":81282,"name":"Sarmatians","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sarmatians?f_ri=133911"},{"id":91655,"name":"Later Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Later_Roman_Empire?f_ri=133911"},{"id":107049,"name":"Barbaricum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Barbaricum?f_ri=133911"},{"id":113461,"name":"Nomads","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nomads?f_ri=133911"},{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911"},{"id":210055,"name":"Gallia Belgica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gallia_Belgica?f_ri=133911"},{"id":225454,"name":"Bretagne","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bretagne?f_ri=133911"},{"id":240563,"name":"Ancient Nomads","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Nomads?f_ri=133911"},{"id":248693,"name":"Alans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alans?f_ri=133911"},{"id":296750,"name":"Barbarians and Romans in Late Antiquity and Early Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Barbarians_and_Romans_in_Late_Antiquity_and_Early_Middle_Ages?f_ri=133911"},{"id":346554,"name":"Gallia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gallia?f_ri=133911"},{"id":391035,"name":"Aëtius","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aetius?f_ri=133911"},{"id":499239,"name":"Gaule romaine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gaule_romaine?f_ri=133911"},{"id":669720,"name":"Rhine River","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rhine_River?f_ri=133911"},{"id":780253,"name":"Scythians .sarmatians,alans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scythians_.sarmatians_alans?f_ri=133911"},{"id":904145,"name":"Foederati","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foederati?f_ri=133911"},{"id":951601,"name":"Romans and Barbarians","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Romans_and_Barbarians?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1033297,"name":"Armorican Peninsula","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorican_Peninsula?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1035172,"name":"The Later Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Later_Roman_Empire?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1078965,"name":"The Barbarians of Ancient Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Barbarians_of_Ancient_Europe?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1146360,"name":"Flavius Aetius","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flavius_Aetius?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1266355,"name":"Barbarians and Romans In Late Antiquity and Early Middle Ages,","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Barbarians_and_Romans_In_Late_Antiquity_and_Early_Middle_Ages_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1367268,"name":"Histoire De Bretagne","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Histoire_De_Bretagne?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1420791,"name":"St. Germanus of Auxerre","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/St._Germanus_of_Auxerre?f_ri=133911"},{"id":2062088,"name":"Alans in Gaul","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alans_in_Gaul?f_ri=133911"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3168833" data-work_id="3168833" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3168833/Kampania_Gajusza_Juliusza_Cezara_przeciwko_galijskim_ludom_nadmorskim_56_r_p_n_e_">Kampania Gajusza Juliusza Cezara przeciwko galijskim ludom nadmorskim (56 r. p.n.e.)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The article above one of Gaius Julius Caesar's campaigns conducted during the conquest of Gaul, where faced with Gaulish maritime tribes. It has been discussed operations on both land and sea, which this Roman General conducted against... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3168833" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The article above one of Gaius Julius Caesar's campaigns conducted during the conquest of Gaul, where faced with Gaulish maritime tribes. It has been discussed operations on  both land  and sea, which this Roman General conducted  against Veneti from the Armocinan peninsula. It also contains a description of the armed actions of legate Quintus Titurius Sabinus in the area of „Normandy" tribes.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3168833" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1565b5bf32a7ab2fda5f04b901c5056f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67132079,"asset_id":3168833,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67132079/download_file?st=MTczOTg0Mjk3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1217899" href="https://amu.academia.edu/DamianWaszak">Damian Waszak</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1217899" type="text/json">{"id":1217899,"first_name":"Damian","last_name":"Waszak","domain_name":"amu","page_name":"DamianWaszak","display_name":"Damian Waszak","profile_url":"https://amu.academia.edu/DamianWaszak?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1217899/1100797/11129117/s65_damian.waszak.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3168833 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3168833"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3168833, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3168833", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_3168833 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3168833; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_3168833"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_3168833 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3168833"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3168833; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3168833]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3168833").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3168833").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3168833"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">23</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies">Celtic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1392" type="text/json">{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4157" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Naval_Warfare">Naval Warfare</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4157" type="text/json">{"id":4157,"name":"Naval Warfare","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Naval_Warfare?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4409" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Naval_History">Naval History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4409" type="text/json">{"id":4409,"name":"Naval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Naval_History?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17370" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_History">Celtic History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17370" type="text/json">{"id":17370,"name":"Celtic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_History?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3168833]'), work: {"id":3168833,"title":"Kampania Gajusza Juliusza Cezara przeciwko galijskim ludom nadmorskim (56 r. p.n.e.)","created_at":"2013-03-30T22:41:44.170-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3168833/Kampania_Gajusza_Juliusza_Cezara_przeciwko_galijskim_ludom_nadmorskim_56_r_p_n_e_?f_ri=133911","dom_id":"work_3168833","summary":"The article above one of Gaius Julius Caesar's campaigns conducted during the conquest of Gaul, where faced with Gaulish maritime tribes. It has been discussed operations on both land and sea, which this Roman General conducted against Veneti from the Armocinan peninsula. It also contains a description of the armed actions of legate Quintus Titurius Sabinus in the area of „Normandy\" tribes.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67132079,"asset_id":3168833,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1217899,"first_name":"Damian","last_name":"Waszak","domain_name":"amu","page_name":"DamianWaszak","display_name":"Damian Waszak","profile_url":"https://amu.academia.edu/DamianWaszak?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1217899/1100797/11129117/s65_damian.waszak.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":4157,"name":"Naval Warfare","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Naval_Warfare?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":4409,"name":"Naval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Naval_History?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":17370,"name":"Celtic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_History?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":18426,"name":"Roman military history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_military_history?f_ri=133911"},{"id":39077,"name":"Naval History (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Naval_History_History_?f_ri=133911"},{"id":50425,"name":"Late Roman Republic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Republic?f_ri=133911"},{"id":102034,"name":"Ancient Celts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Celts?f_ri=133911"},{"id":104311,"name":"Julius Caesar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Julius_Caesar?f_ri=133911"},{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911"},{"id":178811,"name":"The Gallic War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Gallic_War?f_ri=133911"},{"id":225454,"name":"Bretagne","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bretagne?f_ri=133911"},{"id":230078,"name":"Ancient naval warfare","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_naval_warfare?f_ri=133911"},{"id":310245,"name":"Roman navy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_navy?f_ri=133911"},{"id":328396,"name":"Ancient Gaul","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Gaul?f_ri=133911"},{"id":346554,"name":"Gallia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gallia?f_ri=133911"},{"id":352657,"name":"Gauls","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gauls?f_ri=133911"},{"id":493250,"name":"History of Brittany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Brittany?f_ri=133911"},{"id":496603,"name":"Normandy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Normandy?f_ri=133911"},{"id":873343,"name":"Morbihan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morbihan?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1255822,"name":"Ancient Naval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Naval_History?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1854692,"name":"Menapii","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Menapii?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1854695,"name":"Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decimus_Junius_Brutus_Albinus?f_ri=133911"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43753703" data-work_id="43753703" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43753703/Literature_extract_from_Michel_Ball%C3%A8vre_et_al_Palaeozoic_history_of_the_Armorican_Massif_Models_for_the_tectonic_evolution_of_the_suture_zones">Literature extract from: Michel Ballèvre et al: Palaeozoic history of the Armorican Massif: Models for the tectonic evolution of the suture zones</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Contents Abstract .............………………………………………………...…………………………………..2 1. The Armorican Massif within the framework of the Variscan Belt 2. The precollision history …………………….....………………………………………... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43753703" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Contents<br />Abstract .............………………………………………………...…………………………………..2<br /><br />1. The Armorican Massif within the framework of the Variscan Belt<br /><br />2. The precollision history …………………….....……………………………………… 4<br />2.1. A Proterozoic basement of Gondwanan affinity<br />2.2. The Early Palaeozoic rifting ………………………………………………………….. 5<br /><br />3. The northern suture zone(s) ……………………………………………………….. 6<br />3.1. Key evidences in respect of the northern suture zone(s)<br />3.2. Geometry and kinematics of the nappe stack ………….........……… 7<br /><br />4. Tectonic interpretations of the Léon Domai.……………….……………….. 8<br />4.1. Potential models<br />4.2. The Léon Domain and the Normannian Nappe: a single crustal unit<br />4.3. Tectonic evolution of the Léon Domain ……………………………………… 9<br />The southern suture zone(s)<br /><br />5.1. Key evidence in respect of the southern suture zone(s)<br />5.1.1. Palaeobiogeographical data<br />5.1.2. Ophiolite complexes …………………………………………………………….… 10<br /><br />5.2. Geometry and kinematics of the nappe stack (Fig. 3 and 5 to 7 .  11<br />5.2.1. North of the Nort-sur-Erdre Fault<br />5.2.2. South of the Nort-sur-Erdre Fault ………………………………………………… 12<br /><br />5.3. Age of the high-pressure relics ……………………………………………………… 13<br />5.4. Erosion of a mountain belt<br /><br />6. Tectonic interpretation of the South-Armorican domai…………..… 14<br /><br />6.1. Correlations between the Iberian Massif and the Armorican Massif<br />6.1.1. The Audierne nappe stack ……………….……………………………………….. 15<br />6.1.2. The Champtoceaux-Mauges nappe stack<br />6.1.3. The Vendée nappe stack<br />6.1.4. The structural position of the Île-de-Groix blueschists<br /><br />6.2. Correlations between the Armorican Massif and the Massif Central<br />6.2.1 From Champtoceaux to Aigurande<br />6.2.2 2.2. From the Vendée to the Limousin ………………….………….…… 17<br /><br />7. Tectonic models of the Armorican Massif</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43753703" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3a4e8c4d65751a033c0c599e77358fc4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64065353,"asset_id":43753703,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64065353/download_file?st=MTczOTg0Mjk3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="854565" href="https://uni-koeln.academia.edu/ManfredBundschuh">Manfred Bundschuh</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="854565" type="text/json">{"id":854565,"first_name":"Manfred","last_name":"Bundschuh","domain_name":"uni-koeln","page_name":"ManfredBundschuh","display_name":"Manfred Bundschuh","profile_url":"https://uni-koeln.academia.edu/ManfredBundschuh?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/854565/304194/360122/s65_manfred.bundschuh.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43753703 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43753703"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43753703, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43753703", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_43753703 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43753703; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_43753703"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_43753703 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43753703"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43753703; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43753703]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43753703").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43753703").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43753703"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16248" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophiolites">Ophiolites</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16248" type="text/json">{"id":16248,"name":"Ophiolites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophiolites?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16249" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eclogites">Eclogites</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16249" type="text/json">{"id":16249,"name":"Eclogites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eclogites?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20823" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High-pressure_rocks_blueschists_and_eclogites_associated_with_ophiolites.">High-pressure rocks (blueschists and eclogites) associated with ophiolites.</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="20823" type="text/json">{"id":20823,"name":"High-pressure rocks (blueschists and eclogites) associated with ophiolites.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High-pressure_rocks_blueschists_and_eclogites_associated_with_ophiolites.?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44748" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Subduction_Zone_Processes">Subduction Zone Processes</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="44748" type="text/json">{"id":44748,"name":"Subduction Zone Processes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Subduction_Zone_Processes?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43753703]'), work: {"id":43753703,"title":"Literature extract from: Michel Ballèvre et al: Palaeozoic history of the Armorican Massif: Models for the tectonic evolution of the suture zones","created_at":"2020-07-31T07:43:20.122-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43753703/Literature_extract_from_Michel_Ball%C3%A8vre_et_al_Palaeozoic_history_of_the_Armorican_Massif_Models_for_the_tectonic_evolution_of_the_suture_zones?f_ri=133911","dom_id":"work_43753703","summary":" Contents\nAbstract .............………………………………………………...…………………………………..2\n\n1.\tThe Armorican Massif within the framework of the Variscan Belt\n\n2.\tThe precollision history …………………….....……………………………………… 4\n2.1. A Proterozoic basement of Gondwanan affinity\n2.2. The Early Palaeozoic rifting ………………………………………………………….. 5\n\n3. \tThe northern suture zone(s) ……………………………………………………….. 6\n3.1. Key evidences in respect of the northern suture zone(s)\n3.2. Geometry and kinematics of the nappe stack ………….........……… 7\n\n4. Tectonic interpretations of the Léon Domai.……………….……………….. 8\n4.1. Potential models\n4.2. The Léon Domain and the Normannian Nappe: a single crustal unit\n4.3. Tectonic evolution of the Léon Domain ……………………………………… 9\nThe southern suture zone(s)\n\n5.1. Key evidence in respect of the southern suture zone(s)\n5.1.1. Palaeobiogeographical data\n5.1.2. Ophiolite complexes …………………………………………………………….… 10\n\n5.2. Geometry and kinematics of the nappe stack (Fig. 3 and 5 to 7 . 11\n5.2.1. North of the Nort-sur-Erdre Fault\n5.2.2. South of the Nort-sur-Erdre Fault ………………………………………………… 12\n\n5.3. Age of the high-pressure relics ……………………………………………………… 13\n5.4. Erosion of a mountain belt\n\n6.\tTectonic interpretation of the South-Armorican domai…………..… 14\n\n6.1. Correlations between the Iberian Massif and the Armorican Massif\n6.1.1. The Audierne nappe stack ……………….……………………………………….. 15\n6.1.2. The Champtoceaux-Mauges nappe stack\n6.1.3. The Vendée nappe stack\n6.1.4. The structural position of the Île-de-Groix blueschists\n\n6.2. Correlations between the Armorican Massif and the Massif Central\n6.2.1\tFrom Champtoceaux to Aigurande\n6.2.2\t2.2. From the Vendée to the Limousin ………………….………….…… 17\n\n7. Tectonic models of the Armorican Massif\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64065353,"asset_id":43753703,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":854565,"first_name":"Manfred","last_name":"Bundschuh","domain_name":"uni-koeln","page_name":"ManfredBundschuh","display_name":"Manfred Bundschuh","profile_url":"https://uni-koeln.academia.edu/ManfredBundschuh?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/854565/304194/360122/s65_manfred.bundschuh.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":16248,"name":"Ophiolites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ophiolites?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":16249,"name":"Eclogites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eclogites?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":20823,"name":"High-pressure rocks (blueschists and eclogites) associated with ophiolites.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High-pressure_rocks_blueschists_and_eclogites_associated_with_ophiolites.?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":44748,"name":"Subduction Zone Processes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Subduction_Zone_Processes?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":79166,"name":"Ordovician","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ordovician?f_ri=133911"},{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911"},{"id":164363,"name":"Avalonia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Avalonia?f_ri=133911"},{"id":319872,"name":"Continental-arc","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Continental-arc?f_ri=133911"},{"id":342440,"name":"Rhyolite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rhyolite?f_ri=133911"},{"id":481154,"name":"Pillow lava","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pillow_lava?f_ri=133911"},{"id":755655,"name":"Variscan Orogeny","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Variscan_Orogeny?f_ri=133911"},{"id":906289,"name":"Continental Rifting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Continental_Rifting?f_ri=133911"},{"id":969254,"name":"Proterozoic Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proterozoic_Geology?f_ri=133911"},{"id":976525,"name":"Laurentia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laurentia?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1015423,"name":"Ossa Morena Zone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ossa_Morena_Zone?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1219210,"name":"Peri-Gondwanan Terranes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peri-Gondwanan_Terranes?f_ri=133911"},{"id":1923575,"name":"Olistostromes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Olistostromes?f_ri=133911"},{"id":3588536,"name":"Proterozoic tectonic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proterozoic_tectonic?f_ri=133911"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43212168 coauthored" data-work_id="43212168" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43212168/LOST_AND_FOUND_MACHAERACANTHUS_SPINES_FROM_THE_LOWER_DEVONIAN_OF_WESTERN_FRANCE_Epines_de_Machaeracanthus_sp%C3%A9cimens_perdus_et_nouveaux_du_D%C3%A9vonien_inf%C3%A9rieur_de_louest_de_la_France">LOST AND FOUND MACHAERACANTHUS SPINES FROM THE LOWER DEVONIAN OF WESTERN FRANCE / Epines de Machaeracanthus (spécimens perdus et nouveaux) du Dévonien inférieur de l'ouest de la France</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Despite Machaeracanthus spines being first recorded and described from western France in the mid-nineteenth century, since then they have only rarely been documented from this region. Here we describe specimens from several localities of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43212168" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Despite Machaeracanthus spines being first recorded and described from western France in the mid-nineteenth century, since then they have only rarely been documented from this region. Here we describe specimens from several localities of Pragian age, in particular those from Saint-Germain-le-Fouilloux which were first figured by Bézier in the early twentieth century. Although the spines are relatively rare, we have recognized two morphotypes, one with a characteristic feature of robust ribbing on the convex edged keel and the other with the same type of ribbing on the concave edged wing. As this feature distinguishes them from other Machaeracanthus species, we erect a new species Machaeracanthus bezieri nov. sp., which we have also identified in the Pragian of the Czech Republic and Germany. Résumé.-Bien que des épines de Machaeracanthus ait été mentionnées et décrites dans l'ouest de la France au milieu du XIXe siècle, elles n'ont été que rarement documentées depuis dans cette région. Nous décrivons ici des spécimens de plusieurs localités du Praguien, en particulier de Saint-Germain-le-Fouilloux, qui ont été figurés pour la première fois par Bézier au début du XXe siècle. Bien que les épines soient relativement rares, nous avons reconnu deux morphotypes : le premier est caractérisé par une nervure robuste sur la quille externe convexe, le second possède le même type de nervures mais sur l'aile concave. Comme cette caractéristique les distingue des autres espèces de Machaeracanthus, nous érigeons une nouvelle espèce Machaeracanthus bezieri nov. sp., que nous avons également identifiée dans le Praguien de République tchèque et d'Allemagne. Mots-clés.-Devonian, Pragian, Machaeracanthus, Acanthodii, Armorican Massif.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43212168" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f34df88a4682bacd3538c6294e54f8ca" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63481214,"asset_id":43212168,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63481214/download_file?st=MTczOTg0Mjk3MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3687065" href="https://univ-rennes1.academia.edu/DamienGendry">Damien Gendry</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3687065" type="text/json">{"id":3687065,"first_name":"Damien","last_name":"Gendry","domain_name":"univ-rennes1","page_name":"DamienGendry","display_name":"Damien Gendry","profile_url":"https://univ-rennes1.academia.edu/DamienGendry?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3687065/1309798/1625686/s65_damien.gendry.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-43212168">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-43212168"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://queenslandmuseum.academia.edu/CaroleBurrow">Carole J Burrow</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-43212168'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-43212168').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43212168 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43212168"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43212168, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43212168", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_43212168 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43212168; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_43212168"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_43212168 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43212168"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43212168; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43212168]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43212168").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43212168").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43212168"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60646" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Vertebrates">Early Vertebrates</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60646" type="text/json">{"id":60646,"name":"Early Vertebrates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Vertebrates?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="76748" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Devonian">Devonian</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="76748" type="text/json">{"id":76748,"name":"Devonian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Devonian?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="133911" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica">Armorica</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="133911" type="text/json">{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43212168]'), work: {"id":43212168,"title":"LOST AND FOUND MACHAERACANTHUS SPINES FROM THE LOWER DEVONIAN OF WESTERN FRANCE / Epines de Machaeracanthus (spécimens perdus et nouveaux) du Dévonien inférieur de l'ouest de la France","created_at":"2020-05-31T06:26:30.595-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43212168/LOST_AND_FOUND_MACHAERACANTHUS_SPINES_FROM_THE_LOWER_DEVONIAN_OF_WESTERN_FRANCE_Epines_de_Machaeracanthus_sp%C3%A9cimens_perdus_et_nouveaux_du_D%C3%A9vonien_inf%C3%A9rieur_de_louest_de_la_France?f_ri=133911","dom_id":"work_43212168","summary":"Despite Machaeracanthus spines being first recorded and described from western France in the mid-nineteenth century, since then they have only rarely been documented from this region. Here we describe specimens from several localities of Pragian age, in particular those from Saint-Germain-le-Fouilloux which were first figured by Bézier in the early twentieth century. Although the spines are relatively rare, we have recognized two morphotypes, one with a characteristic feature of robust ribbing on the convex edged keel and the other with the same type of ribbing on the concave edged wing. As this feature distinguishes them from other Machaeracanthus species, we erect a new species Machaeracanthus bezieri nov. sp., which we have also identified in the Pragian of the Czech Republic and Germany. Résumé.-Bien que des épines de Machaeracanthus ait été mentionnées et décrites dans l'ouest de la France au milieu du XIXe siècle, elles n'ont été que rarement documentées depuis dans cette région. Nous décrivons ici des spécimens de plusieurs localités du Praguien, en particulier de Saint-Germain-le-Fouilloux, qui ont été figurés pour la première fois par Bézier au début du XXe siècle. Bien que les épines soient relativement rares, nous avons reconnu deux morphotypes : le premier est caractérisé par une nervure robuste sur la quille externe convexe, le second possède le même type de nervures mais sur l'aile concave. Comme cette caractéristique les distingue des autres espèces de Machaeracanthus, nous érigeons une nouvelle espèce Machaeracanthus bezieri nov. sp., que nous avons également identifiée dans le Praguien de République tchèque et d'Allemagne. Mots-clés.-Devonian, Pragian, Machaeracanthus, Acanthodii, Armorican Massif.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63481214,"asset_id":43212168,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3687065,"first_name":"Damien","last_name":"Gendry","domain_name":"univ-rennes1","page_name":"DamienGendry","display_name":"Damien Gendry","profile_url":"https://univ-rennes1.academia.edu/DamienGendry?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3687065/1309798/1625686/s65_damien.gendry.jpg"},{"id":298922,"first_name":"Carole","last_name":"Burrow","domain_name":"queenslandmuseum","page_name":"CaroleBurrow","display_name":"Carole J Burrow","profile_url":"https://queenslandmuseum.academia.edu/CaroleBurrow?f_ri=133911","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/298922/78895/86237/s65_carole.burrow.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60646,"name":"Early Vertebrates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Vertebrates?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":76748,"name":"Devonian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Devonian?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6263253" data-work_id="6263253" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/6263253/Supposed_Precambrian_trace_fossils_from_Jersey_Channel_Islands">Supposed Precambrian trace fossils from Jersey, Channel Islands</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6263253" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9663633" href="https://nocuffs.academia.edu/JohnRenouf">John Renouf</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9663633" type="text/json">{"id":9663633,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Renouf","domain_name":"nocuffs","page_name":"JohnRenouf","display_name":"John Renouf","profile_url":"https://nocuffs.academia.edu/JohnRenouf?f_ri=133911","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6263253 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6263253"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6263253, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6263253", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6263253 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6263253; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6263253"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6263253 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6263253"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6263253; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6263253]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6263253").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6263253").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6263253"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9890" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quaternary_Geology">Quaternary Geology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9890" type="text/json">{"id":9890,"name":"Quaternary Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quaternary_Geology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13310" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Geology">History of Geology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13310" type="text/json">{"id":13310,"name":"History of Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Geology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48807" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sedimentary_geology_and_stratigraphy">Sedimentary geology and stratigraphy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48807" type="text/json">{"id":48807,"name":"Sedimentary geology and stratigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sedimentary_geology_and_stratigraphy?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="133911" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica">Armorica</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="133911" type="text/json">{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6263253]'), work: {"id":6263253,"title":"Supposed Precambrian trace fossils from Jersey, Channel Islands","created_at":"2014-03-02T16:56:19.537-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6263253/Supposed_Precambrian_trace_fossils_from_Jersey_Channel_Islands?f_ri=133911","dom_id":"work_6263253","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9663633,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Renouf","domain_name":"nocuffs","page_name":"JohnRenouf","display_name":"John Renouf","profile_url":"https://nocuffs.academia.edu/JohnRenouf?f_ri=133911","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9890,"name":"Quaternary Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quaternary_Geology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":13310,"name":"History of Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Geology?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":48807,"name":"Sedimentary geology and stratigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sedimentary_geology_and_stratigraphy?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true},{"id":133911,"name":"Armorica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica?f_ri=133911","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="u-taCenter Pagination"><ul class="pagination"></ul></div></div><div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><div class="u-pl6x"><div style="width: 300px;"><div class="panel panel-flat u-mt7x"><div class="panel-heading u-p5x"><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-taCenter u-fw700 u-textUppercase">Related Topics</div></div><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Building_Stones">Building Stones</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="1012739">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="1012739">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Archeology">Medieval Archeology</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="1636688">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="1636688">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Normandy">Normandy</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="496603">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="496603">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bretagne">Bretagne</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="225454">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="225454">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_monuments">Church monuments</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="26308">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="26308">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Druids">Druids</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="217164">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="217164">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/La_bretagne_du_haut_Moyen-Age">La bretagne du haut Moyen-Âge</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="335188">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="335188">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oppidum">Oppidum</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="446303">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="446303">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Archaeology">Celtic Archaeology</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="17371">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="17371">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies">Celtic Studies</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="1392">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="1392">Following</a></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// MIT License // Copyright © 2011 Sebastian Tschan, https://blueimp.net // Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of // this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in // the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to // use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of // the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, // subject to the following conditions: // The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all // copies or substantial portions of the Software. // THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR // IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS // FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR // COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER // IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN // CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. !function(n){"use strict";function d(n,t){var r=(65535&n)+(65535&t);return(n>>16)+(t>>16)+(r>>16)<<16|65535&r}function f(n,t,r,e,o,u){return d((c=d(d(t,n),d(e,u)))<<(f=o)|c>>>32-f,r);var c,f}function l(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t&r|~t&e,n,t,o,u,c)}function v(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t&e|r&~e,n,t,o,u,c)}function g(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t^r^e,n,t,o,u,c)}function m(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(r^(t|~e),n,t,o,u,c)}function i(n,t){var r,e,o,u;n[t>>5]|=128<<t%32,n[14+(t+64>>>9<<4)]=t;for(var c=1732584193,f=-271733879,i=-1732584194,a=271733878,h=0;h<n.length;h+=16)c=l(r=c,e=f,o=i,u=a,n[h],7,-680876936),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+1],12,-389564586),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+2],17,606105819),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+3],22,-1044525330),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+4],7,-176418897),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+5],12,1200080426),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+6],17,-1473231341),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+7],22,-45705983),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+8],7,1770035416),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+9],12,-1958414417),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+10],17,-42063),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+11],22,-1990404162),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+12],7,1804603682),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+13],12,-40341101),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+14],17,-1502002290),c=v(c,f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+15],22,1236535329),i,a,n[h+1],5,-165796510),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+6],9,-1069501632),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+11],14,643717713),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h],20,-373897302),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+5],5,-701558691),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+10],9,38016083),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+15],14,-660478335),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+4],20,-405537848),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+9],5,568446438),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+14],9,-1019803690),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+3],14,-187363961),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+8],20,1163531501),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+13],5,-1444681467),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+2],9,-51403784),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+7],14,1735328473),c=g(c,f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+12],20,-1926607734),i,a,n[h+5],4,-378558),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+8],11,-2022574463),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+11],16,1839030562),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+14],23,-35309556),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+1],4,-1530992060),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+4],11,1272893353),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+7],16,-155497632),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+10],23,-1094730640),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+13],4,681279174),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h],11,-358537222),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+3],16,-722521979),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+6],23,76029189),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+9],4,-640364487),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+12],11,-421815835),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+15],16,530742520),c=m(c,f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+2],23,-995338651),i,a,n[h],6,-198630844),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+7],10,1126891415),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+14],15,-1416354905),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+5],21,-57434055),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+12],6,1700485571),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+3],10,-1894986606),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+10],15,-1051523),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+1],21,-2054922799),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+8],6,1873313359),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+15],10,-30611744),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+6],15,-1560198380),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+13],21,1309151649),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+4],6,-145523070),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+11],10,-1120210379),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+2],15,718787259),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+9],21,-343485551),c=d(c,r),f=d(f,e),i=d(i,o),a=d(a,u);return[c,f,i,a]}function a(n){for(var t="",r=32*n.length,e=0;e<r;e+=8)t+=String.fromCharCode(n[e>>5]>>>e%32&255);return t}function h(n){var t=[];for(t[(n.length>>2)-1]=void 0,e=0;e<t.length;e+=1)t[e]=0;for(var r=8*n.length,e=0;e<r;e+=8)t[e>>5]|=(255&n.charCodeAt(e/8))<<e%32;return t}function e(n){for(var t,r="0123456789abcdef",e="",o=0;o<n.length;o+=1)t=n.charCodeAt(o),e+=r.charAt(t>>>4&15)+r.charAt(15&t);return e}function r(n){return unescape(encodeURIComponent(n))}function o(n){return a(i(h(t=r(n)),8*t.length));var t}function u(n,t){return function(n,t){var r,e,o=h(n),u=[],c=[];for(u[15]=c[15]=void 0,16<o.length&&(o=i(o,8*n.length)),r=0;r<16;r+=1)u[r]=909522486^o[r],c[r]=1549556828^o[r];return e=i(u.concat(h(t)),512+8*t.length),a(i(c.concat(e),640))}(r(n),r(t))}function t(n,t,r){return t?r?u(t,n):e(u(t,n)):r?o(n):e(o(n))}"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(function(){return t}):"object"==typeof module&&module.exports?module.exports=t:n.md5=t}(this);</script><script>window.AbTest = (function() { return { 'ab_test': (uniqueId, test_name, buckets) => { let override = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).get(`ab_test[${test_name}]`); if ( override ) { return override; } const bucketNames = buckets.map((bucket) => { return typeof bucket === 'string' ? bucket : Object.keys(bucket)[0]; }); const weights = buckets.map((bucket) => { return typeof bucket === 'string' ? 1 : Object.values(bucket)[0]; }); const total = weights.reduce((sum, weight) => sum + weight); const hash = md5(`${uniqueId}${test_name}`); const hashNum = parseInt(hash.slice(-12), 16); let bucketPoint = total * (hashNum % 100000) / 100000; const bucket = bucketNames.find((_, i) => { if (weights[i] > bucketPoint) { return true; } bucketPoint -= weights[i]; return false; }); return bucket; } }; })();</script><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><script>function onGoogleOneTapEvent(event) { var momentType = event.getMomentType(); var momentReason = null; if (event.isNotDisplayed()) { momentReason = event.getNotDisplayedReason(); } else if (event.isSkippedMoment()) { momentReason = event.getSkippedReason(); } else if (event.isDismissedMoment()) { momentReason = event.getDismissedReason(); } Aedu.arbitraryEvents.write('GoogleOneTapEvent', { moment_type: momentType, moment_reason: momentReason, }); }</script><script>(function() { var auvid = unescape( document.cookie .split(/; ?/) .find((s) => s.startsWith('auvid')) .substring(6)); var bucket = AbTest.ab_test(auvid, 'lo_ri_one_tap_google_sign_on', ['control', 'one_tap_google_sign_on']); if (bucket === 'control') return; var oneTapTag = document.createElement('script') oneTapTag.async = true oneTapTag.defer = true oneTapTag.src = 'https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client' document.body.appendChild(oneTapTag) })();</script></div></div></div> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; } .sign-in-with-apple-button > div { margin: 0 auto; / This centers the Apple-rendered button horizontally }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span   ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "590f76e01858d3221e92ce98b69adfee6e11e8206b1f4ca700b5a2f6180c44b0", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="hwU8z2M28R0lvVOOe3sdogjPywy7ZG9CPfTEHZDhQfRDRBMRZkFhgn2cR3nz1Q-eKY10uZhHMa0FwF09nFk8Jw" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armorica" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="63DBRItvc_4sZm5x0v_NU89RhbOPtcPnEcwpzjYoaf8vMe6ajhjjYXRHeoZaUd9v7hM6BqyWnQgp-LDuOpAULA" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style="width:100%;"><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style="width:100%;"><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2025</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>