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{"work":{"id":124665040,"created_at":"2024-10-12T13:48:43.953-07:00","from_world_paper_id":260097787,"updated_at":"2024-12-15T04:51:03.309-08:00","_data":{"publisher":"Edward Elgar Publishing","grobid_abstract":"The derivation of the word 'ethnography' is from the Greek 'ethnos', meaning 'a people' and 'graphy', meaning writing, so ethnography literally refers to writing about people. This omits ethnography's most important aspect: it is an active, agentive practice-the ethnographer 'goes into the field', spends a more or less extended time living in and studying a community, and returns to their desk to write up their experiences, deriving meaning and insights as they do so. But, curiously, there is no verb 'to ethnograph'. (Harding and Kostera 2021: 1)","publication_date":"2023,6,2","publication_name":"Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"118849122"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Introduction to How to Be an Ethnographer","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [38558457]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":118849123,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Introduction to How to Be an Ethnographer”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/118849123/mini_magick20241012-1-pqqou2.png?1728766126" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Introduction to How to Be an Ethnographer</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38558457" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MonikaKostera"><img alt="Profile image of Monika Kostera" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/38558457/11742855/13090748/s65_monika.kostera.jpg" />Monika Kostera</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2023, Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">4 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 124665040; 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if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">The derivation of the word 'ethnography' is from the Greek 'ethnos', meaning 'a people' and 'graphy', meaning writing, so ethnography literally refers to writing about people. This omits ethnography's most important aspect: it is an active, agentive practice-the ethnographer 'goes into the field', spends a more or less extended time living in and studying a community, and returns to their desk to write up their experiences, deriving meaning and insights as they do so. But, curiously, there is no verb 'to ethnograph'. 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This has been true since the inception of anthropology as a discipline in the nineteenth century. In one of its earliest forms, anthropology was called "ethnography," the social or human partner to the discipline of geography. If geography was about the geographic features of places around the world, including those distant from academic centers in Europe, then ethnography was about the ethnographic, about who lived where, what their beliefs and customs were, the languages they spoke, the worlds they created, and the relations they had with one another. Since this period, some aspects of the definition of ethnography have remained stable while others have changed. Whereas ethnography was once mostly something to know, it is now understood as a way of knowing. That is, ethnography was once understood as a specific way of being, one that anthropologists sought to know for individual peoples, but it is now also understood as a specific way of knowing. As a way of knowing the world, ethnography is truly unique. The term "ethnography" has its roots in the Greek words ethnos (folk, the people) and grapho (to write). Ethnography is to write about people, society, and/or culture, but it is much more than writing. It is also a method and a theory. As a method, ethnography is an embodied, empirical, and experiential field-based way of knowing centered around participant observation. Ethnographic research requires participation, not just observation. It is to participate in rather than just to observe the daily life, logics, rhythms, and contradictions of a cultural group or society. As such, it requires discipline and commitment beyond what is visible to someone not trained in ethnographic methods. As a theory, ethnography is to start on the ground, with the concepts that ground people's lives, worldviews, actions, and words in ways particular to that community. Together, these require a sense of the ethnographic as the goal. To understand ethnography as both noun and adjective is to assess culture as a thing and the cultural as a modifier, taking both as key aspects of human life. The American Anthropological Association (2004) defines ethnography as "the description of cultural systems or an aspect of culture based on fieldwork in which the investigator is immersed in the ongoing everyday activities of the designated community for the purpose of describing the social context, relationships, and processes relevant to the topic under consideration." This definition builds on the long-standing practice of anthropology as a field science, as first and most fully articulated by Bronisław Malinowski in 1922. Malinowski described ethnographic research as an effort "to grasp the native's point of view, his relation to life, to realize his vision of his world" ([1922] 1984, 25). This was to consider both the objective and the subjective aspects of human life as the goals of anthropology. Malinowski argued that to record The International Encyclopedia of Anthropology. Edited by Hilary Callan.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ethnography (2018)","attachmentId":68821748,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/50944850/Ethnography_2018_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/50944850/Ethnography_2018_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="70225457" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70225457/Doing_Ethnography_Being_an_Ethnographer">Doing Ethnography, Being an Ethnographer</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="83431" href="https://wayne.academia.edu/RahulMitra">Rahul Mitra</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">I examine here Theory and Scholarship (taken to be formalized social scientific frameworks that seek to map out the real world and social actions in an objective fashion) via an autoethnographic lens. Chiefly, I ask how autoethnography as a research method reconfigures them: how may we extend knowledge using autoethnography? While much critique has centered on the “doing ” (dispassionately?) versus “being ” (going native?) of autoethnography, I argue that such a dichotomy is inherently false. Instead, doing is located within the ethnographer’s very being, so that a closer look at the autoethnographic research process is required, from conception to implementation to introspection. I attempt such a processual analysis here: drawing on an earlier social scientific project, I relate the intellectual and social process whereby it was translated into an autoethnography. Using a performative lens to illustrate the dialectical mode of doing and being in the research process, I intersperse ...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Doing Ethnography, Being an Ethnographer","attachmentId":80059952,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70225457/Doing_Ethnography_Being_an_Ethnographer","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/70225457/Doing_Ethnography_Being_an_Ethnographer"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="126513345" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/126513345/Ethnography_A_Method_of_Research_and_A_Genera_of_Writing_for_Informing_Reforming_and_Transforming_Lives">Ethnography: A Method of Research and A Genera of Writing for Informing, Reforming and Transforming Lives</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="65667018" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SarwatNauman">Journal of Education and Educational Development</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="59703400" href="https://kiu.academia.edu/SQutoshi">Sadruddin Qutoshi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Education and Educational Development, 2024</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Ethnography is one of the richest research approaches within the qualitative research paradigm for studying the cultural life worlds of others and/or oneself at a deeper level of consciousness. Additionally, it is a genre of writing that uses multi-epistemic lenses to go deeper into the phenomenon in order to inform, reform, and transform lives. The term ‘ethno’(graphy) is a compound word made up of the words ethno and graphy, which stand for culture and writing, respectively. In order to conduct ethnographic research, a researcher must possess a thorough understanding of a specific cultural context, be able to communicate in the language used by the informants, and be able to bracket one’s biases, while understanding how to "recover meaning" from their complex lifeworld. In doing so, it gives the researcher—the ethnographer in the role of an outsider the chance to chronicle the ‘noodle moments’ of the insiders as informants, within their cultural context, by witnessing their way of life and recording what truly takes place there. To this purpose, through their involvement over an extended length of time, ethnographers must generate detailed accounts of the discussions, observations of the events, symbols, artifacts, festivals, and everyday activities of the researched, among other things. Through critically analyzing behaviors, it offers a window into the meaning that people attribute to their cultural sensibility and a source of insights to inform, reform, and transform communities. Thus, it is a more comprehensive way of examining through the perspective of an insider, which sets it apart from other inquiry techniques.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ethnography: A Method of Research and A Genera of Writing for Informing, Reforming and Transforming Lives","attachmentId":120379081,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/126513345/Ethnography_A_Method_of_Research_and_A_Genera_of_Writing_for_Informing_Reforming_and_Transforming_Lives","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/126513345/Ethnography_A_Method_of_Research_and_A_Genera_of_Writing_for_Informing_Reforming_and_Transforming_Lives"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="124665006" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/124665006/Doing_ethnography_introduction">Doing ethnography: introduction</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38558457" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MonikaKostera">Monika Kostera</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The derivation of the word 'ethnography' is from the Greek 'ethnos', meaning 'a people' and 'graphy', meaning writing, so ethnography literally refers to writing about people. This omits ethnography's most important aspect: it is an active, agentive practice-the ethnographer 'goes into the field', spends a more or less extended time living in and studying a community, and returns to their desk to write up their experiences, deriving meaning and insights as they do so. But, curiously, there is no verb 'to ethnograph'. Many years ago, before Google and the internet, one of us was told that ethnography 'is what anthropologists do'. That begged such questions as: what is an anthropologist and in what ways are they distinguished from sociologists, what exactly do they do, and if ethnography is what anthropologists do, what do ethnographers do? The answer she was given was, firstly, that anthropologists spend more time in the field than sociologists, leading to the answerless question: where is the dividing line between anthropological time and sociological time? Secondly, she was told that anthropologists just 'go into the field', become part of the community they are studying, but remain apart from it in order to study it. That took her round in circles-ethnography is what anthropologists do-but with the added conundrum of how to remain both immersed within and separate from 'the field'. Management scholars have the additional problem of distinguishing between observation studies (participant and non-participant) and ethnography: the dividing lines between them appear very vague. Small wonder then that what Nigel Barley (1986) calls 'the innocent anthropologist' may be wracked with uncertainty when s/he 'enters the field'. Sarah Gilmore describes how on the first day of her ethnographic studies of a major league football club in the UK, she had no idea of what she was supposed to do, except that she had to look as if she knew what she was doing (in Gilmore and Harding, forthcoming). Another Sarah, Bloomfield (in this volume) had no such qualms: the ethnographic elements of her study were an adventure that gave her a privileged peep behind a façade that few people can cross. The aim of this volume is to prepare you, the reader, to 'enter the field' with as much confidence as Sarah Bloomfield (Chapter 13). To do this, we will ask you to treat each chapter as an action-learning project. This Introduction provides the guidelines, roadmap and template for this. It summarizes each</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Doing ethnography: introduction","attachmentId":118849112,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/124665006/Doing_ethnography_introduction","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/124665006/Doing_ethnography_introduction"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="67963157" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67963157/1_What_is_Ethnography">1 What is Ethnography?</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="141613216" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GGobo">Giampietro Gobo</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Doing Ethnography</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">At SAGE we take sustainability seriously. Most of our products are printed in the UK using FSC papers and boards. When we print overseas we ensure sustainable papers are used as measured by the PREPS grading system. We undertake an annual audit to monitor our sustainability. 1 What Is Ethnography? When Hermes took the post of messenger of the gods, he promised Zeus not to lie. He did not promise to tell the whole truth. Zeus understood. The ethnographer has not.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"1 What is Ethnography?","attachmentId":78613401,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67963157/1_What_is_Ethnography","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/67963157/1_What_is_Ethnography"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="6407036" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6407036/On_becoming_an_ethnographer_Joining_an_ongoing_and_dynamic_community_of_social_scientists">On becoming an ethnographer: Joining an ongoing and dynamic community of social scientists</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="10074342" href="https://ufmg.academia.edu/MCASTANHEIRA">Maria Lucia CASTANHEIRA</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Linguistics and Education, 2010</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">in On Ethnography: Approaches to Language and Literacy Research, accomplish what few other authors of books and articles on ethnography have been able to do-bring readers into a dialogic and multi-faceted intertextual web of texts that engage readers in the authors' ongoing conversations, while simultaneously engaging readers in novice social scientist's (Molly) journey to learning how to be an ethnographer. This dialogic approach invites the reader to take a reflexive stance with the authors and Molly by engaging in interactive reading of the arguments proposed by the authors of the text(s). By embedding different kinds of texts (e.g., field notes or dialogue) within the expected theoretical or explanatory narratives about concepts underlying an ethnographic perspective, Heath and Street, or rather Shirley and Brian as they state in the book, interrupt the flow of text to provide an interactive space, not only for their own exploration of ideas using texts from the field, but also for readers.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"On becoming an ethnographer: Joining an ongoing and dynamic community of social scientists","attachmentId":48881075,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/6407036/On_becoming_an_ethnographer_Joining_an_ongoing_and_dynamic_community_of_social_scientists","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/6407036/On_becoming_an_ethnographer_Joining_an_ongoing_and_dynamic_community_of_social_scientists"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="43009804" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43009804/Doing_Ethnography_to_Connect_Exchange_and_Impact">Doing Ethnography to Connect, Exchange and Impact</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7827055" href="https://marshall.academia.edu/BrianHoey">Brian A Hoey</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Reinventing and Reinvesting in the Local for Our Common Good, 2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Doing Ethnography to Connect, Exchange and Impact","attachmentId":63274063,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43009804/Doing_Ethnography_to_Connect_Exchange_and_Impact","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/43009804/Doing_Ethnography_to_Connect_Exchange_and_Impact"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="43181563" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43181563/Becoming_an_Ethnographer_Living_teaching_and_learning_ethnographically">Becoming an Ethnographer: Living, teaching and learning ethnographically</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="10813" href="https://ucf.academia.edu/AudraSkukauskaite">Audra Skukauskaite</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Becoming an Educational Ethnographer, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This is the pre-print, proofs version of a chapter published in the book Becoming an Educational Ethnographer: The challenges and opportunities of undertaking research, edited by Juana Sancho Gil and Fernando Hernandez Hernandez. Routledge, 2021.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Becoming an Ethnographer: Living, teaching and learning ethnographically","attachmentId":65293738,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43181563/Becoming_an_Ethnographer_Living_teaching_and_learning_ethnographically","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/43181563/Becoming_an_Ethnographer_Living_teaching_and_learning_ethnographically"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="45400479" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45400479/Ethnography_A_Simple_Journey_Today">Ethnography: A Simple Journey Today</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="16795374" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChinmayBiswas">Dr.Chinmay Biswas</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">European Journal of Business and Management, 2011</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Ethnography is an in-depth study. In social science it has played a great role for understanding of human actions. Human reality is likely to be seen through ethnographic measurement. Human society is enlightened under the study of ethnography. It is provided that every cultural stimuli can be illustrated an ethnographical investigation. Sociology and cultural anthropology always stands on real investigation of ethnographic expedition. Ethnographic study is a part of Anthropology. Ethnography as defined by Lowie "is the science which deals with the'cultures'of human group"(1937;3). A very simple meaning is that total cultural description of particular community is described as ethnography.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ethnography: A Simple Journey Today","attachmentId":65920075,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/45400479/Ethnography_A_Simple_Journey_Today","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/45400479/Ethnography_A_Simple_Journey_Today"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="114580905" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/114580905/Ethnographic_Writing">Ethnographic Writing</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32954200" href="https://uni-hamburg.academia.edu/httpswwwethnologieunihamburgdeenpersonenjuliapaulihtml">Julia Pauli</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">In: A. Ruth, A. Wutich and R. Bernard “The Handbook of Teaching Qualitative and Mixed Research Methods: A Step-by-Step Guide for Instructors”. London: Routledge: 102-105., 2023</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">An ethnographic text is the central outcome of eldwork. It is also the most important way in which anthropologists publish their research ndings. Despite the centrality of ethnographic texts, how to write ethnographically has not been discussed in any depth until recently. To prepare students to write ethnographically, they rst have to read ethnographies. Analyzing the ethnographic writing styles of others helps them develop their own writing. To apply this knowledge, students observe everyday social interactions, like riding an elevator, and write ethnographic texts about their observations. They receive constructive criticism from their peers and instructor(s) and learn how to revise their texts and improve their writing.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ethnographic Writing","attachmentId":111242288,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/114580905/Ethnographic_Writing","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/114580905/Ethnographic_Writing"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":118849123,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":118849123,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_118849123" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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