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-webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Ethnohistory</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">40,117 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Ethnohistory</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Ethnohistory">People</a></li></ul></div><style 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class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36598481/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8546643" href="https://nehu.academia.edu/TilokThakuria">Tilok Thakuria</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8546643" type="text/json">{"id":8546643,"first_name":"Tilok","last_name":"Thakuria","domain_name":"nehu","page_name":"TilokThakuria","display_name":"Tilok Thakuria","profile_url":"https://nehu.academia.edu/TilokThakuria?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8546643/2864045/17383054/s65_tilok.thakuria.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10705369 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10705369"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10705369, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10705369", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10705369 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10705369; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10705369"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10705369 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10705369"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10705369; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10705369]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10705369").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10705369").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10705369"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1628" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnoarchaeology">Ethnoarchaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1628" type="text/json">{"id":1628,"name":"Ethnoarchaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnoarchaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10705369]'), work: {"id":10705369,"title":"MEMORIAL STONES FROM GUJARAT: STUDY OF PALIYAS AT KANMER","created_at":"2015-02-11T06:45:32.791-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10705369/MEMORIAL_STONES_FROM_GUJARAT_STUDY_OF_PALIYAS_AT_KANMER?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_10705369","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36598481,"asset_id":10705369,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8546643,"first_name":"Tilok","last_name":"Thakuria","domain_name":"nehu","page_name":"TilokThakuria","display_name":"Tilok Thakuria","profile_url":"https://nehu.academia.edu/TilokThakuria?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8546643/2864045/17383054/s65_tilok.thakuria.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":1628,"name":"Ethnoarchaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnoarchaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_334582" data-work_id="334582" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/334582/Pipiles_y_Cakchiqueles_en_Cotzumalguapa_La_Evidencia_Ethnohist%C3%B3rica_y_Arqueol%C3%B3gica">Pipiles y Cakchiqueles en Cotzumalguapa: La Evidencia Ethnohistórica y Arqueológica</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">An inquiry into the ethnic and linguistic composition of the Late Postclassic and Colonial peoples of the Cotzumalhuapa region of the Pacific Coast of Guatemala. Documentary and archeological research provides a basis to locate Colonial... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_334582" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">An inquiry into the ethnic and linguistic composition of the Late Postclassic and Colonial peoples of the Cotzumalhuapa region of the Pacific Coast of Guatemala. Documentary and archeological research provides a basis to locate Colonial towns in the area, and to identify their inhabitants as Pipil and Kaqchikel speakers. The latter were politically dominant, and their presence derived from the Late Postclassic expansion of the highland kingdom centered at Iximche, seeking the valuable cacao-producing territories of the Pacific piedmont. Excavations at a household compound near the site of Bilbao allow a preliminary glimpse at the Postclassic peoples of the area.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/334582" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="808a299177da0a339d487044fb9b81ae" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":1934342,"asset_id":334582,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/1934342/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="251449" href="https://yale.academia.edu/OswaldoChinchilla">Oswaldo Chinchilla</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="251449" type="text/json">{"id":251449,"first_name":"Oswaldo","last_name":"Chinchilla","domain_name":"yale","page_name":"OswaldoChinchilla","display_name":"Oswaldo Chinchilla","profile_url":"https://yale.academia.edu/OswaldoChinchilla?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/251449/53924/49674/s65_oswaldo.chinchilla.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_334582 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="334582"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 334582, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_334582", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_334582 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 334582; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_334582"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_334582 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="334582"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 334582; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=334582]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_334582").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_334582").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="334582"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4651" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesoamerican_Archaeology">Mesoamerican Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4651" type="text/json">{"id":4651,"name":"Mesoamerican Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesoamerican_Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13356" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Guatemala_History_">Guatemala (History)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13356" type="text/json">{"id":13356,"name":"Guatemala (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Guatemala_History_?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17715" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maya_Archaeology">Maya Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17715" type="text/json">{"id":17715,"name":"Maya Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maya_Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=334582]'), work: {"id":334582,"title":"Pipiles y Cakchiqueles en Cotzumalguapa: La Evidencia Ethnohistórica y Arqueológica","created_at":"2010-09-21T07:17:18.561-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/334582/Pipiles_y_Cakchiqueles_en_Cotzumalguapa_La_Evidencia_Ethnohist%C3%B3rica_y_Arqueol%C3%B3gica?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_334582","summary":"An inquiry into the ethnic and linguistic composition of the Late Postclassic and Colonial peoples of the Cotzumalhuapa region of the Pacific Coast of Guatemala. Documentary and archeological research provides a basis to locate Colonial towns in the area, and to identify their inhabitants as Pipil and Kaqchikel speakers. The latter were politically dominant, and their presence derived from the Late Postclassic expansion of the highland kingdom centered at Iximche, seeking the valuable cacao-producing territories of the Pacific piedmont. Excavations at a household compound near the site of Bilbao allow a preliminary glimpse at the Postclassic peoples of the area.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":1934342,"asset_id":334582,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":251449,"first_name":"Oswaldo","last_name":"Chinchilla","domain_name":"yale","page_name":"OswaldoChinchilla","display_name":"Oswaldo Chinchilla","profile_url":"https://yale.academia.edu/OswaldoChinchilla?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/251449/53924/49674/s65_oswaldo.chinchilla.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":4651,"name":"Mesoamerican Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesoamerican_Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":13356,"name":"Guatemala (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Guatemala_History_?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":17715,"name":"Maya Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maya_Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":18857,"name":"Maya History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maya_History?f_ri=139"},{"id":33625,"name":"Mesoamerican Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesoamerican_Ethnohistory?f_ri=139"},{"id":45246,"name":"Colonial Latin American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonial_Latin_American_History?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1021386" data-work_id="1021386" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1021386/Cherokee_Households_and_Communities_in_the_English_Contact_Period_AD_1670_1740">Cherokee Households and Communities in the English Contact Period, AD 1670-1740</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study focuses on issues of culture contact and the materialization of identity through an archaeological case study of a late seventeenth- and early eighteenth-century Cherokee community located in eastern Tennessee. The English... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1021386" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study focuses on issues of culture contact and the materialization of identity through an archaeological case study of a late seventeenth- and early eighteenth-century Cherokee community located in eastern Tennessee. The English Contact period (ca. A.D. 1670-1740) was an extremely turbulent time for southeastern Indian groups marked by disease, warfare, and population movements. I examine how this chaotic period played<br />out in the daily lives of Cherokee households. I use primary and secondary sources to develop an historical context for the English Contact period in the southeastern United<br />States. I introduce a reliable way to identify English Contact period Cherokee occupations using pottery and glass trade bead data. I also consult artifact data in order<br />to identify patterns associated with change and stability in the activities of daily life<br />within Cherokee households.<br /><br />I find that daily life in Cherokee households changed dramatically as they coped with the shifting social, political, and economic currents of the English Contact period. Based on variability in household pottery assemblages, I argue that this particular<br />Cherokee community included households that migrated from geographically disparate Cherokee settlements. This type of social coalescence is documented among other Indian<br />groups as a strategy employed to ameliorate population loss resulting from European contact. I also find that the architecture and spatial organization of Cherokee communities changed dramatically during the English Contact period. Specifically, the<br />later communities lacked the highly structured spatial organization and long-lived residential areas that typified earlier Mississippian period communities. Ultimately, I argue that these changes too were strategic adaptations to the flexible and transient lifestyle required during the period.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1021386" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2858dedec882f4114f75769b079e7489" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":6236288,"asset_id":1021386,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/6236288/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="306536" href="https://unc.academia.edu/JonMarcoux">Jon Marcoux</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="306536" type="text/json">{"id":306536,"first_name":"Jon","last_name":"Marcoux","domain_name":"unc","page_name":"JonMarcoux","display_name":"Jon Marcoux","profile_url":"https://unc.academia.edu/JonMarcoux?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/306536/61767/66675/s65_jon.marcoux.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1021386 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1021386"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1021386, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1021386", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1021386]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1021386").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1021386").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1021386"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="299" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Studies">Native American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="299" type="text/json">{"id":299,"name":"Native American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2213" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_Archaeology_">Pottery (Archaeology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2213" type="text/json">{"id":2213,"name":"Pottery (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_Archaeology_?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16226" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materiality_Anthropology_">Materiality (Anthropology)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="16226" type="text/json">{"id":16226,"name":"Materiality (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materiality_Anthropology_?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1021386]'), work: {"id":1021386,"title":"Cherokee Households and Communities in the English Contact Period, AD 1670-1740","created_at":"2011-10-17T08:02:45.111-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1021386/Cherokee_Households_and_Communities_in_the_English_Contact_Period_AD_1670_1740?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_1021386","summary":"This study focuses on issues of culture contact and the materialization of identity through an archaeological case study of a late seventeenth- and early eighteenth-century Cherokee community located in eastern Tennessee. The English Contact period (ca. A.D. 1670-1740) was an extremely turbulent time for southeastern Indian groups marked by disease, warfare, and population movements. I examine how this chaotic period played\nout in the daily lives of Cherokee households. I use primary and secondary sources to develop an historical context for the English Contact period in the southeastern United\nStates. I introduce a reliable way to identify English Contact period Cherokee occupations using pottery and glass trade bead data. I also consult artifact data in order\nto identify patterns associated with change and stability in the activities of daily life\nwithin Cherokee households.\n\nI find that daily life in Cherokee households changed dramatically as they coped with the shifting social, political, and economic currents of the English Contact period. Based on variability in household pottery assemblages, I argue that this particular\nCherokee community included households that migrated from geographically disparate Cherokee settlements. This type of social coalescence is documented among other Indian\ngroups as a strategy employed to ameliorate population loss resulting from European contact. I also find that the architecture and spatial organization of Cherokee communities changed dramatically during the English Contact period. Specifically, the\nlater communities lacked the highly structured spatial organization and long-lived residential areas that typified earlier Mississippian period communities. Ultimately, I argue that these changes too were strategic adaptations to the flexible and transient lifestyle required during the period.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":6236288,"asset_id":1021386,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":306536,"first_name":"Jon","last_name":"Marcoux","domain_name":"unc","page_name":"JonMarcoux","display_name":"Jon Marcoux","profile_url":"https://unc.academia.edu/JonMarcoux?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/306536/61767/66675/s65_jon.marcoux.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":299,"name":"Native American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":2213,"name":"Pottery (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_Archaeology_?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":16226,"name":"Materiality (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materiality_Anthropology_?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":18088,"name":"Southeastern Archaeology (Archaeology in North America)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southeastern_Archaeology_Archaeology_in_North_America_?f_ri=139"},{"id":22059,"name":"Household Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Household_Archaeology?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_70348936" data-work_id="70348936" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70348936/La_salida_de_Chicomoztoc_seg%C3%BAn_la_Historia_tolteca_chichimeca_Una_narraci%C3%B3n_entre_la_l%C3%ADrica_y_la_%C3%A9pica">La salida de Chicomoztoc según la Historia tolteca-chichimeca. Una narración entre la lírica y la épica</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/70348936" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f7164c9f5191f8846704d1fa1f489560" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":80140498,"asset_id":70348936,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80140498/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15431486" href="https://unam1.academia.edu/MariaCasta%C3%B1edadelaPaz">Maria Castañeda de la Paz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15431486" type="text/json">{"id":15431486,"first_name":"Maria","last_name":"Castañeda de la Paz","domain_name":"unam1","page_name":"MariaCastañedadelaPaz","display_name":"Maria Castañeda de la Paz","profile_url":"https://unam1.academia.edu/MariaCasta%C3%B1edadelaPaz?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15431486/4166631/36427102/s65_maria.casta_eda_de_la_paz.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_70348936 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="70348936"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 70348936, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_70348936", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70348936]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_70348936").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_70348936").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="70348936"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2395" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexican_Studies">Mexican Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2395" type="text/json">{"id":2395,"name":"Mexican Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexican_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="33625" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesoamerican_Ethnohistory">Mesoamerican Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="33625" type="text/json">{"id":33625,"name":"Mesoamerican Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesoamerican_Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="34988" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexican_Literature">Mexican Literature</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="34988" type="text/json">{"id":34988,"name":"Mexican Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexican_Literature?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=70348936]'), work: {"id":70348936,"title":"La salida de Chicomoztoc según la Historia tolteca-chichimeca. Una narración entre la lírica y la épica","created_at":"2022-02-03T18:04:42.927-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/70348936/La_salida_de_Chicomoztoc_seg%C3%BAn_la_Historia_tolteca_chichimeca_Una_narraci%C3%B3n_entre_la_l%C3%ADrica_y_la_%C3%A9pica?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_70348936","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80140498,"asset_id":70348936,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15431486,"first_name":"Maria","last_name":"Castañeda de la Paz","domain_name":"unam1","page_name":"MariaCastañedadelaPaz","display_name":"Maria Castañeda de la Paz","profile_url":"https://unam1.academia.edu/MariaCasta%C3%B1edadelaPaz?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15431486/4166631/36427102/s65_maria.casta_eda_de_la_paz.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":2395,"name":"Mexican Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexican_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":33625,"name":"Mesoamerican Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesoamerican_Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":34988,"name":"Mexican Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexican_Literature?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":43184,"name":"Etnohistoria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Etnohistoria?f_ri=139"},{"id":66897,"name":"Mesoamerican iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesoamerican_iconography?f_ri=139"},{"id":101654,"name":"Iconografia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iconografia?f_ri=139"},{"id":219761,"name":"Literatura mexicana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literatura_mexicana?f_ri=139"},{"id":221849,"name":"Mesoamerican Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesoamerican_Studies?f_ri=139"},{"id":699998,"name":"Cholula","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cholula?f_ri=139"},{"id":712892,"name":"Estudios Mesoamericanos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Estudios_Mesoamericanos?f_ri=139"},{"id":880268,"name":"Mexican Codices","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexican_Codices?f_ri=139"},{"id":971748,"name":"Mesoamerican Writing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesoamerican_Writing?f_ri=139"},{"id":2627955,"name":"Estado de Puebla ","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Estado_de_Puebla?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9982131" data-work_id="9982131" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9982131/You_see_your_culture_coming_out_of_the_ground_like_a_power_Uncanny_narratives_in_Time_and_Space_on_the_Northwest_Coast">You see your culture coming out of the ground like a power: Uncanny narratives in Time and Space on the Northwest Coast</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Ethnohistory 2009 In 2003, construction began on a graving dock that would bring marine projects to the Olympic Peninsula and provide family-wage jobs. It appeared to be a good fit for the city of Port Angeles, Washington, and its... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9982131" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Ethnohistory 2009<br /> In 2003, construction began on a graving dock that would bring marine projects to the Olympic Peninsula and provide family-wage jobs. It appeared to be a good fit for the city of Port Angeles, Washington, and its surrounding communities. Shortly after construction began, workers unearthed an approximately 2,700–year- old Coast Salish village and cemetery, claimed by the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe as an ancestral site. Significantly, indigenous reports of being haunted by the spirits of their disturbed ancestors and nonnative desires to bury the past and move forward resulted in intercultural conflicts and misunderstandings. Such struggles speak to the contested nature of history and the deeply rooted concerns about the region’s socioeconomic future following the decline of natural resource industries.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9982131" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2272ef8baecf1a5446dd1507dff2f67c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36124908,"asset_id":9982131,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36124908/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5032053" href="https://ballstate.academia.edu/CailinMurray">Cailin Murray</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5032053" type="text/json">{"id":5032053,"first_name":"Cailin","last_name":"Murray","domain_name":"ballstate","page_name":"CailinMurray","display_name":"Cailin Murray","profile_url":"https://ballstate.academia.edu/CailinMurray?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5032053/2188786/2565400/s65_cailin.murray.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9982131 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9982131"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9982131, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9982131", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9982131]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9982131").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9982131").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9982131"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7067" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History_Of_Ghosts">Cultural History Of Ghosts</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7067" type="text/json">{"id":7067,"name":"Cultural History Of Ghosts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History_Of_Ghosts?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="65417" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pacific_Northwest_Coast_archaeology">Pacific Northwest Coast archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="65417" type="text/json">{"id":65417,"name":"Pacific Northwest Coast archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pacific_Northwest_Coast_archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="260949" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coast_Salish_History">Coast Salish History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="260949" type="text/json">{"id":260949,"name":"Coast Salish History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coast_Salish_History?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9982131]'), work: {"id":9982131,"title":"You see your culture coming out of the ground like a power: Uncanny narratives in Time and Space on the Northwest Coast","created_at":"2015-01-02T10:43:51.378-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9982131/You_see_your_culture_coming_out_of_the_ground_like_a_power_Uncanny_narratives_in_Time_and_Space_on_the_Northwest_Coast?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_9982131","summary":"Ethnohistory 2009\n In 2003, construction began on a graving dock that would bring marine projects to the Olympic Peninsula and provide family-wage jobs. It appeared to be a good fit for the city of Port Angeles, Washington, and its surrounding communities. Shortly after construction began, workers unearthed an approximately 2,700–year- old Coast Salish village and cemetery, claimed by the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe as an ancestral site. Significantly, indigenous reports of being haunted by the spirits of their disturbed ancestors and nonnative desires to bury the past and move forward resulted in intercultural conflicts and misunderstandings. Such struggles speak to the contested nature of history and the deeply rooted concerns about the region’s socioeconomic future following the decline of natural resource industries.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36124908,"asset_id":9982131,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5032053,"first_name":"Cailin","last_name":"Murray","domain_name":"ballstate","page_name":"CailinMurray","display_name":"Cailin Murray","profile_url":"https://ballstate.academia.edu/CailinMurray?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5032053/2188786/2565400/s65_cailin.murray.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":7067,"name":"Cultural History Of Ghosts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History_Of_Ghosts?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":65417,"name":"Pacific Northwest Coast archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pacific_Northwest_Coast_archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":260949,"name":"Coast Salish History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coast_Salish_History?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":548201,"name":"Pacific Northwest Coast Native Americans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pacific_Northwest_Coast_Native_Americans?f_ri=139"},{"id":548211,"name":"Coast Salish Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coast_Salish_Archaeology?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30468374 coauthored" data-work_id="30468374" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30468374/Oliver_JR_et_al_ed_2008_El_Caribe_Precolombino_Fray_Ramon_Pane_y_el_Universo_Taino_completo_">Oliver, JR et al ed. (2008) El Caribe Precolombino-Fray Ramon Pane y el Universo Taino (completo)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">La exposición “El Caribe precolombino. Fray Ramón Pané y el universo taíno”, organizada por el Museo Barbier-Mueller de Arte Precolombino de Barcelona, constituye un homenaje a Pané que nos permite al mismo tiempo conocer la vida de este... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30468374" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">La exposición “El Caribe precolombino. Fray Ramón Pané y el universo taíno”, organizada por el Museo Barbier-Mueller de Arte Precolombino de Barcelona, constituye un homenaje a Pané que nos permite al mismo tiempo conocer la vida de este modesto fraile jerónimo, que sembró una pequeña semilla de integración. Este catálogo recoge textos de un grupo de reconocidos investigadores que realizan aquí una importante aportación: ponen a nuestro alcance una mirada próxima a la realidad personal de Pané, presentándonos en detalle la situación histórica que vivía España y el Caribe en el momento del segundo viaje de Colón, y nos analizan y describen las piezas de arte taíno que se presentan en la exposición.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30468374" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="75f0108746ef8703ccbd8771ea89e42b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50908215,"asset_id":30468374,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50908215/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4570487" href="https://ucl.academia.edu/JoseOliver">Jose R. Oliver</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4570487" type="text/json">{"id":4570487,"first_name":"Jose R.","last_name":"Oliver","domain_name":"ucl","page_name":"JoseOliver","display_name":"Jose R. Oliver","profile_url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/JoseOliver?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4570487/1898708/2251256/s65_jose.oliver.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-30468374">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-30468374"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://url.academia.edu/CasasGilbergaAnna">Casas Gilberga, Anna</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-30468374'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-30468374').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30468374 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30468374"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30468374, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30468374", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30468374 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30468374; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30468374"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30468374 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30468374"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30468374; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30468374]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30468374").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30468374").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30468374"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30468374]'), work: {"id":30468374,"title":"Oliver, JR et al ed. (2008) El Caribe Precolombino-Fray Ramon Pane y el Universo Taino (completo)","created_at":"2016-12-15T14:09:20.465-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30468374/Oliver_JR_et_al_ed_2008_El_Caribe_Precolombino_Fray_Ramon_Pane_y_el_Universo_Taino_completo_?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_30468374","summary":"La exposición “El Caribe precolombino. Fray Ramón Pané y el universo taíno”, organizada por el Museo Barbier-Mueller de Arte Precolombino de Barcelona, constituye un homenaje a Pané que nos permite al mismo tiempo conocer la vida de este modesto fraile jerónimo, que sembró una pequeña semilla de integración. Este catálogo recoge textos de un grupo de reconocidos investigadores que realizan aquí una importante aportación: ponen a nuestro alcance una mirada próxima a la realidad personal de Pané, presentándonos en detalle la situación histórica que vivía España y el Caribe en el momento del segundo viaje de Colón, y nos analizan y describen las piezas de arte taíno que se presentan en la exposición.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50908215,"asset_id":30468374,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4570487,"first_name":"Jose R.","last_name":"Oliver","domain_name":"ucl","page_name":"JoseOliver","display_name":"Jose R. Oliver","profile_url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/JoseOliver?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4570487/1898708/2251256/s65_jose.oliver.jpg"},{"id":58365863,"first_name":"Casas Gilberga,","last_name":"Anna","domain_name":"url","page_name":"CasasGilbergaAnna","display_name":"Casas Gilberga, Anna","profile_url":"https://url.academia.edu/CasasGilbergaAnna?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/58365863/148412760/137973540/s65_casas_gilberga_.anna.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31001897" data-work_id="31001897" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31001897/Paul_Kanes_Field_Notes">Paul Kane's Field Notes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The publication of my transcription of Paul Kane's field notes in 1989 shed a very different light on Kane as both a traveller and, perhaps more glaringly, an author. Not permitted schooling by his father because he wanted to be a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31001897" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The publication of my transcription of Paul Kane's field notes in 1989 shed a very different light on Kane as both a traveller and, perhaps more glaringly, an author. Not permitted schooling by his father because he wanted to be a painter, Kane was hamstrung by only phonetic spelling. Nevertheless, his persona in his own writing is much more colourful and less typical than is the first-person persona in "his" book, *Wanderings of an Artist among the Indians of North America* (1859), in which Kane is bumped up to a refined gentleman. Moreover, the field notes show us how Kane recorded his encounters with native people from day to day, not in retrospect.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31001897" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1f4acfda82d31e3a18ba1cfbaae812bf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51434201,"asset_id":31001897,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51434201/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="59073146" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ISMacLaren">I S MacLaren</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="59073146" type="text/json">{"id":59073146,"first_name":"I S","last_name":"MacLaren","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ISMacLaren","display_name":"I S MacLaren","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ISMacLaren?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59073146/22934315/22073506/s65_i_s.maclaren.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31001897 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31001897"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31001897, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31001897", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_31001897 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31001897; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_31001897"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_31001897 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="31001897"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31001897; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31001897]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31001897").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31001897").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31001897"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="915" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History">Art History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="915" type="text/json">{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1082" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Travel_Writing">Travel Writing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1082" type="text/json">{"id":1082,"name":"Travel Writing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Travel_Writing?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2340" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_History">Book History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2340" type="text/json">{"id":2340,"name":"Book History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_History?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31001897]'), work: {"id":31001897,"title":"Paul Kane's Field Notes","created_at":"2017-01-19T16:48:44.593-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31001897/Paul_Kanes_Field_Notes?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_31001897","summary":"The publication of my transcription of Paul Kane's field notes in 1989 shed a very different light on Kane as both a traveller and, perhaps more glaringly, an author. Not permitted schooling by his father because he wanted to be a painter, Kane was hamstrung by only phonetic spelling. Nevertheless, his persona in his own writing is much more colourful and less typical than is the first-person persona in \"his\" book, *Wanderings of an Artist among the Indians of North America* (1859), in which Kane is bumped up to a refined gentleman. Moreover, the field notes show us how Kane recorded his encounters with native people from day to day, not in retrospect.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51434201,"asset_id":31001897,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":59073146,"first_name":"I S","last_name":"MacLaren","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ISMacLaren","display_name":"I S MacLaren","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ISMacLaren?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59073146/22934315/22073506/s65_i_s.maclaren.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":1082,"name":"Travel Writing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Travel_Writing?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":2340,"name":"Book History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_History?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":20432,"name":"Book History (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_History_History_?f_ri=139"},{"id":65257,"name":"Fur Trade Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fur_Trade_Studies?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40876478" data-work_id="40876478" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40876478/Quantitative_Assessment_of_Stone_Relics_in_a_Western_Massachusetts_Town">Quantitative Assessment of Stone Relics in a Western Massachusetts Town</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A Quantitative Assessment of Stone Relics in a Western Massachusetts Town Introduction The nature of stone works that appear with great frequency on the Massachusetts landscape has been debated between the Native community and the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40876478" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A Quantitative Assessment of Stone Relics in a Western Massachusetts Town<br /><br />Introduction<br /><br />    The nature of stone works that appear with great frequency on the Massachusetts landscape has been debated between the Native community and the State MHC for some time now.  A sacred site near the former village of Peskeompscut, on the  mid-strech of the Connecticut River found its way through State and Federal processes of evaluation.  The State attributes the many stone structures at Sacred Hill Ceremonial Site (SHCS) to “agricultural activities,” (FERC application, Section 106 report, SHCS page?) while the Native Naragansett, Nipmuc, Mohegan and Wampanoag nations insist they are sacred ceremonial landscapes. Because the State denies a Native origin for these sites, and assigns a mundane origin and purpose, ceremonial stone landscapes (CSLs) and the Traditional Cultural Practices (TCPs) with which they are associated are disqualified for protection under Massachusetts preservation laws and initiatives.  However, Federal investigation concluded that the same site is indeed Algonquian in origin and that SHCS conforms to established cultural as well as religious practices of regional indigenous peoples. Under this modern dilemma lies a historic context of genocide, cultural oppression and lack of academic investment.  Pertinent to this debate is the near-total absence of Native American persons on the faculties of Native American Studies departments of Massachusetts colleges, as well as their historic lack of understanding about regional Algonquian culture.<br /><br /> To elucidate origins and purposes of numerous stone relic groups in a Western Massachusetts town, a quantitative and objective assessment of 60 ostensible CSLs was performed, as based on site surveys and inventories.  All access-permitted private and public lands were assessed at a basic level, constituting roughly 60-70% of the total town area, which town has large tracts in conservation status.  Of the 60 tallied stone relic sites, 25 were further assessed for characteristics and content, from which nine representative sites were selected for deeper analysis.  Characteristics of the nine closely-studied sites were quantized as binary values for statistical treatment.  As well, physical and correlational measures were collected for analysis. For a total of approximately 1500 stone relics in the nine final sites, 33 points of data were collected per relic.<br /> Collected data were investigated in terms of nearest-neighbor, period of manufacture, materials, methods, correlations, locations, aspect, presence of cross-cultural mixing, recent damage or alteration, and conformity with recorded cultural practices, both European and Algonquian.  Data were collected to indicate presence of absence of recognizably European stone works on sites, associated historic structures and other signs of European cultural imprint. The results indicate that the stone relic groups were constructed during at least three periods preceding and including the early years of European contact.  None of the sites indicate European cultural traditions of any type on record, while all of the sites conform to recorded Eastern Algonquian ritual uses.  Furthermore, all sites show strikingly high levels of consistency on all measured characteristics, including location, materials, design, types of objects, arrangement of objects and number of objects.  The studied sites in Western Massachusetts correlate closely to three historically documented ceremonial stone landscapes for comparison, belonging to Algonquian nations of the Munsee Delaware and Mohegan-cluster divisions, specifically, the Tankiteke of Southeast New York, the Pocumtuck of the Central Connecticut Valley and the Narragansett of Rhode Island and environs.  Finally, historical records provide accounts of traditional religious practices of the Algonquian nations, which correlate to ceremonial stone landscapes, which persist here to this day.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40876478" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="daaaeab28382f35a3c4cc761196e82ef" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61163909,"asset_id":40876478,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61163909/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="54518665" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RolfCachat">Nohham R . Cachat-Schilling</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="54518665" type="text/json">{"id":54518665,"first_name":"Nohham","last_name":"Cachat-Schilling","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RolfCachat","display_name":"Nohham R . Cachat-Schilling","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RolfCachat?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/54518665/17849196/138328808/s65_nohham_rolf.cachat-schilling.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40876478 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40876478"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40876478, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40876478", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_40876478 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40876478; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_40876478"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_40876478 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40876478"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40876478; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40876478]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40876478").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40876478").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40876478"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1700" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnobotany">Ethnobotany</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1700" type="text/json">{"id":1700,"name":"Ethnobotany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnobotany?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9846" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9846" type="text/json">{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17829" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forest_Ecology">Forest Ecology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17829" type="text/json">{"id":17829,"name":"Forest Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forest_Ecology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40876478]'), work: {"id":40876478,"title":"Quantitative Assessment of Stone Relics in a Western Massachusetts Town","created_at":"2019-11-08T05:07:30.397-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40876478/Quantitative_Assessment_of_Stone_Relics_in_a_Western_Massachusetts_Town?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_40876478","summary":"A Quantitative Assessment of Stone Relics in a Western Massachusetts Town\n\nIntroduction\n\n The nature of stone works that appear with great frequency on the Massachusetts landscape has been debated between the Native community and the State MHC for some time now. A sacred site near the former village of Peskeompscut, on the mid-strech of the Connecticut River found its way through State and Federal processes of evaluation. The State attributes the many stone structures at Sacred Hill Ceremonial Site (SHCS) to “agricultural activities,” (FERC application, Section 106 report, SHCS page?) while the Native Naragansett, Nipmuc, Mohegan and Wampanoag nations insist they are sacred ceremonial landscapes. Because the State denies a Native origin for these sites, and assigns a mundane origin and purpose, ceremonial stone landscapes (CSLs) and the Traditional Cultural Practices (TCPs) with which they are associated are disqualified for protection under Massachusetts preservation laws and initiatives. However, Federal investigation concluded that the same site is indeed Algonquian in origin and that SHCS conforms to established cultural as well as religious practices of regional indigenous peoples. Under this modern dilemma lies a historic context of genocide, cultural oppression and lack of academic investment. Pertinent to this debate is the near-total absence of Native American persons on the faculties of Native American Studies departments of Massachusetts colleges, as well as their historic lack of understanding about regional Algonquian culture.\n\n\tTo elucidate origins and purposes of numerous stone relic groups in a Western Massachusetts town, a quantitative and objective assessment of 60 ostensible CSLs was performed, as based on site surveys and inventories. All access-permitted private and public lands were assessed at a basic level, constituting roughly 60-70% of the total town area, which town has large tracts in conservation status. Of the 60 tallied stone relic sites, 25 were further assessed for characteristics and content, from which nine representative sites were selected for deeper analysis. Characteristics of the nine closely-studied sites were quantized as binary values for statistical treatment. As well, physical and correlational measures were collected for analysis. For a total of approximately 1500 stone relics in the nine final sites, 33 points of data were collected per relic.\n\tCollected data were investigated in terms of nearest-neighbor, period of manufacture, materials, methods, correlations, locations, aspect, presence of cross-cultural mixing, recent damage or alteration, and conformity with recorded cultural practices, both European and Algonquian. Data were collected to indicate presence of absence of recognizably European stone works on sites, associated historic structures and other signs of European cultural imprint. The results indicate that the stone relic groups were constructed during at least three periods preceding and including the early years of European contact. None of the sites indicate European cultural traditions of any type on record, while all of the sites conform to recorded Eastern Algonquian ritual uses. Furthermore, all sites show strikingly high levels of consistency on all measured characteristics, including location, materials, design, types of objects, arrangement of objects and number of objects. The studied sites in Western Massachusetts correlate closely to three historically documented ceremonial stone landscapes for comparison, belonging to Algonquian nations of the Munsee Delaware and Mohegan-cluster divisions, specifically, the Tankiteke of Southeast New York, the Pocumtuck of the Central Connecticut Valley and the Narragansett of Rhode Island and environs. Finally, historical records provide accounts of traditional religious practices of the Algonquian nations, which correlate to ceremonial stone landscapes, which persist here to this day.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61163909,"asset_id":40876478,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":54518665,"first_name":"Nohham","last_name":"Cachat-Schilling","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RolfCachat","display_name":"Nohham R . Cachat-Schilling","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RolfCachat?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/54518665/17849196/138328808/s65_nohham_rolf.cachat-schilling.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":1700,"name":"Ethnobotany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnobotany?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":17829,"name":"Forest Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forest_Ecology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":36593,"name":"Native American Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Anthropology?f_ri=139"},{"id":198422,"name":"Native American Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Linguistics?f_ri=139"},{"id":615478,"name":"Native American Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Medicine?f_ri=139"},{"id":774665,"name":"Native American Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Archaeology?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4682423" data-work_id="4682423" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4682423/Made_With_Admirable_Artistry_The_Context_Manufacture_and_History_of_a_Ta%C3%ADno_Belt">'Made … With Admirable Artistry': The Context, Manufacture and History of a Taíno Belt</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">"Vienna’s Museum für Vökerkunde holds in its collections a rare sixteenth-century Taíno cotton belt from Hispaniola (today’s Dominican Republic/Haiti) – one of only two surviving Taíno cotton artefacts to feature European ‘exotics’,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4682423" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">"Vienna’s Museum für Vökerkunde holds in its collections a rare sixteenth-century Taíno cotton <br />belt from Hispaniola (today’s Dominican Republic/Haiti) – one of only two surviving Taíno <br />cotton artefacts to feature European ‘exotics’, including mirrors, jet beads and brass. This complex <br />woven structure – a wearable work of art – offers a rare window on to one of the most prestigious <br />of Taı´no valuables, a personal ornament that literally wrapped the wearer in wealth, status and <br />spiritual power. The paper charts the original context and use of Taı´no belts, and provides a <br />detailed account of the Vienna belt’s collection history, its construction and its chronological <br />placement (radiocarbon-dated using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) to AD 1475–1635). The <br />question of how and when the European materials were incorporated into the belt is explored, <br />critically engaging the entangled histories of association between the two."</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4682423" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6b4a9106b8eb832aa26445fff3d5fe59" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32017489,"asset_id":4682423,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32017489/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4493941" href="https://oxford.academia.edu/JoannaOstapkowicz">Joanna Ostapkowicz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4493941" type="text/json">{"id":4493941,"first_name":"Joanna","last_name":"Ostapkowicz","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"JoannaOstapkowicz","display_name":"Joanna Ostapkowicz","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/JoannaOstapkowicz?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4493941/1855952/2205439/s65_joanna.ostapkowicz.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4682423 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4682423"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4682423, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4682423", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4682423 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4682423; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4682423"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4682423 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4682423"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4682423; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4682423]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4682423").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4682423").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4682423"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1628" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnoarchaeology">Ethnoarchaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1628" type="text/json">{"id":1628,"name":"Ethnoarchaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnoarchaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1657" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Museum_Studies">Museum Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1657" type="text/json">{"id":1657,"name":"Museum Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Museum_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4682423]'), work: {"id":4682423,"title":"'Made … With Admirable Artistry': The Context, Manufacture and History of a Taíno Belt","created_at":"2013-10-05T01:35:05.707-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4682423/Made_With_Admirable_Artistry_The_Context_Manufacture_and_History_of_a_Ta%C3%ADno_Belt?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_4682423","summary":"\"Vienna’s Museum für Vökerkunde holds in its collections a rare sixteenth-century Taíno cotton\r\nbelt from Hispaniola (today’s Dominican Republic/Haiti) – one of only two surviving Taíno\r\ncotton artefacts to feature European ‘exotics’, including mirrors, jet beads and brass. This complex\r\nwoven structure – a wearable work of art – offers a rare window on to one of the most prestigious\r\nof Taı´no valuables, a personal ornament that literally wrapped the wearer in wealth, status and\r\nspiritual power. The paper charts the original context and use of Taı´no belts, and provides a\r\ndetailed account of the Vienna belt’s collection history, its construction and its chronological\r\nplacement (radiocarbon-dated using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) to AD 1475–1635). The\r\nquestion of how and when the European materials were incorporated into the belt is explored,\r\ncritically engaging the entangled histories of association between the two.\"","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32017489,"asset_id":4682423,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4493941,"first_name":"Joanna","last_name":"Ostapkowicz","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"JoannaOstapkowicz","display_name":"Joanna Ostapkowicz","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/JoannaOstapkowicz?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4493941/1855952/2205439/s65_joanna.ostapkowicz.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":1628,"name":"Ethnoarchaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnoarchaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":1657,"name":"Museum Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Museum_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":1700,"name":"Ethnobotany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnobotany?f_ri=139"},{"id":2473,"name":"Material Culture Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Culture_Studies?f_ri=139"},{"id":2987,"name":"Renaissance Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renaissance_Studies?f_ri=139"},{"id":6873,"name":"Caribbean History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caribbean_History?f_ri=139"},{"id":7945,"name":"Caribbean Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caribbean_Studies?f_ri=139"},{"id":18850,"name":"Pre-Columbian Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pre-Columbian_Art?f_ri=139"},{"id":24016,"name":"Museology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Museology?f_ri=139"},{"id":24552,"name":"Caribbean Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caribbean_Archaeology?f_ri=139"},{"id":29426,"name":"Cultural Exchange","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Exchange?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23913573" data-work_id="23913573" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23913573/_Fr%C3%A8res_et_Enfants_du_m%C3%AAme_P%C3%A8re_The_French_Illusion_of_Empire_West_of_the_Great_Lakes_1731_1743">"Frères et Enfants du même Père" : The French Illusion of Empire West of the Great Lakes, 1731-1743</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In the eighteenth-century, France’s metropolitan authorities and colonial officials tasked the French western explorer Pierre de La Vérendrye to integrate the Indigenous peoples of the Petit Nord – Cree, Assiniboine, Monsoni,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23913573" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In the eighteenth-century, France’s metropolitan authorities and colonial officials tasked the French western explorer Pierre de La Vérendrye to integrate the Indigenous peoples of the Petit Nord – Cree, Assiniboine, Monsoni, Anishinaabeg, and Dakota – into the network of French-mediated alliances emanating from the Great Lakes. The governor-general of New France, known as Onontio by the Natives, sought to ensure the symbolic subjugation of all Indigenous peoples of the Great Lakes and the Petit Nord. Unlike the Great Lakes, devastated by endemic warfare and virulent diseases, the Indigenous social formations of the Petit Nord and Northern Great Plains remained politically cohesive and autonomous in the eighteenth-century. Thus, the Cree, Assiniboine, Dakota, and others, resisted creating a “middle ground” with La Vérendrye and other French newcomers, as they had little desire or need of French mediation in their territories. La Vérendrye’s ambitions for a French-mediated peace, or “Pax Gallica,” were thwarted in the overwhelmingly Native political space of the Petit Nord and Northern Great Plains.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23913573" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f6f2422a6885d798c5026af8956d0dd7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44300594,"asset_id":23913573,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44300594/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="45931223" href="https://queensu.academia.edu/ScottBerthelette">Scott Berthelette</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="45931223" type="text/json">{"id":45931223,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Berthelette","domain_name":"queensu","page_name":"ScottBerthelette","display_name":"Scott Berthelette","profile_url":"https://queensu.academia.edu/ScottBerthelette?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/45931223/12165893/29157096/s65_scott.berthelette.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23913573 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23913573"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23913573, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23913573", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_23913573 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23913573; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_23913573"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_23913573 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23913573"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23913573; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23913573]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23913573").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23913573").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23913573"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3021" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonial_America">Colonial America</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3021" type="text/json">{"id":3021,"name":"Colonial America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonial_America?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4867" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metis_Studies">Metis Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4867" type="text/json">{"id":4867,"name":"Metis Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metis_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25274" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_Empire">French Empire</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="25274" type="text/json">{"id":25274,"name":"French Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_Empire?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23913573]'), work: {"id":23913573,"title":"\"Frères et Enfants du même Père\" : The French Illusion of Empire West of the Great Lakes, 1731-1743","created_at":"2016-04-01T10:00:19.783-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/23913573/_Fr%C3%A8res_et_Enfants_du_m%C3%AAme_P%C3%A8re_The_French_Illusion_of_Empire_West_of_the_Great_Lakes_1731_1743?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_23913573","summary":"In the eighteenth-century, France’s metropolitan authorities and colonial officials tasked the French western explorer Pierre de La Vérendrye to integrate the Indigenous peoples of the Petit Nord – Cree, Assiniboine, Monsoni, Anishinaabeg, and Dakota – into the network of French-mediated alliances emanating from the Great Lakes. The governor-general of New France, known as Onontio by the Natives, sought to ensure the symbolic subjugation of all Indigenous peoples of the Great Lakes and the Petit Nord. Unlike the Great Lakes, devastated by endemic warfare and virulent diseases, the Indigenous social formations of the Petit Nord and Northern Great Plains remained politically cohesive and autonomous in the eighteenth-century. Thus, the Cree, Assiniboine, Dakota, and others, resisted creating a “middle ground” with La Vérendrye and other French newcomers, as they had little desire or need of French mediation in their territories. La Vérendrye’s ambitions for a French-mediated peace, or “Pax Gallica,” were thwarted in the overwhelmingly Native political space of the Petit Nord and Northern Great Plains.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44300594,"asset_id":23913573,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":45931223,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Berthelette","domain_name":"queensu","page_name":"ScottBerthelette","display_name":"Scott Berthelette","profile_url":"https://queensu.academia.edu/ScottBerthelette?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/45931223/12165893/29157096/s65_scott.berthelette.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":3021,"name":"Colonial America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonial_America?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":4867,"name":"Metis Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metis_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":25274,"name":"French Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_Empire?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":91136,"name":"Early American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_American_History?f_ri=139"},{"id":150705,"name":"Métissage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/M%C3%A9tissage?f_ri=139"},{"id":214301,"name":"Hudson's Bay Company","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hudsons_Bay_Company?f_ri=139"},{"id":215875,"name":"New France","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_France?f_ri=139"},{"id":2436023,"name":"Rupert's Land","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ruperts_Land?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_69934473" data-work_id="69934473" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69934473/Aztl%C3%A1n_and_Mexican_Transnationalism_Language_Nation_and_History">Aztlán and Mexican Transnationalism: Language, Nation and History</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized"> This article explores the roles of the indigenous Nahuatl language in the production of the imagined nation of Aztlán, a central idea in the US Chicano movement. We adopt a theoretical approach from linguistic anthropology, in which... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_69934473" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden"> This article explores the roles of the indigenous Nahuatl language in the production of the imagined nation of Aztlán, a central idea in the US Chicano movement. We adopt a theoretical approach from linguistic anthropology, in which we attend to the role of language as a source of historical knowledge about the past, and also as a medium for the production of metahistorical narratives. We describe the history of the Nahuatl language and its speakers, and how the concept idea of Aztlán has been used first as a source of identity among the Nahuatl speaking peoples of Mexico, then as a symbol of Mexican national origins, and finally as a source of identity and dignity among Chicano people in the US. We argue that just as the Nahuas saw the Nahuatl language as defining a pan-Nahua identity including politically separate city-states, today Chicanos use the Nahuatl language and its related cultural practices to embody a transnational community.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/69934473" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1134685" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KurlyTlapoyawa">Kurly Tlapoyawa</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1134685" type="text/json">{"id":1134685,"first_name":"Kurly","last_name":"Tlapoyawa","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KurlyTlapoyawa","display_name":"Kurly Tlapoyawa","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KurlyTlapoyawa?f_ri=139","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_69934473 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="69934473"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 69934473, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_69934473", }); 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Per-haps it is the embarrassment of riches we steward, the complex architecture and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_62424624" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In some ways it is comforting that Mesoamerican archaeologists, especially Mayanists, return time and again to the same topics of investigation. Per-haps it is the embarrassment of riches we steward, the complex architecture and breathtaking art of Classic urban centers. ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/62424624" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="975d86824fe12e42922741d62599ca18" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75194759,"asset_id":62424624,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75194759/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3478640" href="https://gu-se.academia.edu/YlvaH%C3%A5rdafSegerstad">Ylva Hård af Segerstad</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3478640" type="text/json">{"id":3478640,"first_name":"Ylva","last_name":"Hård af Segerstad","domain_name":"gu-se","page_name":"YlvaHårdafSegerstad","display_name":"Ylva Hård af Segerstad","profile_url":"https://gu-se.academia.edu/YlvaH%C3%A5rdafSegerstad?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3478640/1181977/1773281/s65_ylva.h_rd_af_segerstad.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_62424624 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="62424624"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 62424624, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_62424624", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_62424624 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62424624; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_62424624"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_62424624 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="62424624"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62424624; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=62424624]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_62424624").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_62424624").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="62424624"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=62424624]'), work: {"id":62424624,"title":"Everything Old Is New Again","created_at":"2021-11-25T23:26:39.813-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/62424624/Everything_Old_Is_New_Again?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_62424624","summary":"In some ways it is comforting that Mesoamerican archaeologists, especially Mayanists, return time and again to the same topics of investigation. 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u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44397057/Workshop_The_Florentine_Codex_Initiative_American_Society_for_Ethnohistory_Virtual_Event_Nov_4_8th_2020">Workshop: The Florentine Codex Initiative, American Society for Ethnohistory, Virtual Event, Nov. 4-8th, 2020</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This workshop will present the Florentine Codex Initiative at the Getty Research Institute and examine specific work issues related to it. With the goal of increasing global access to the Florentine Codex, the Initiative will provide full... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44397057" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This workshop will present the Florentine Codex Initiative at the Getty Research Institute and examine specific work issues related to it. With the goal of increasing global access to the Florentine Codex, the Initiative will provide full digital access to the folios of the illuminated manuscript as well as transcriptions and translations of its texts. The indigenous-focused, language-centered design of the website component of the project, titled the Digital Florentine Codex, will include a dynamic interface allowing users to seamlessly view folios alongside transcriptions and translations in with fully searchable data including keyword tagged images. In order to achieve this, three members of the team are dedicated to composing 4,000 trilingual (English, Spanish, Nahuatl) entries to the Getty vocabularies drawn from the codex’s encyclopedic visual and linguistic content. In addition to the website, the Initiative will produce a scholarly digital publication on Book 12 accompanied by educational programming and lesson plans for K-12 educators and their students. The presenters will report on the current state of the initiative, explore some of the challenges the Getty team has encountered and seek feedback on best practices and research utility of the initiative’s outcomes from the attendees. <br />Presenters: Rebecca Dufendach, Kim Richter, Alanna Radlo-Dzur, Bérénice Gaillemin, Josh Fitzgerald</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44397057" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="53b6a7e67dcf88a56a3d909103c260b8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64804242,"asset_id":44397057,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64804242/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="460149" href="https://uw.academia.edu/B%C3%A9r%C3%A9niceGaillemin">Bérénice Gaillemin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="460149" type="text/json">{"id":460149,"first_name":"Bérénice","last_name":"Gaillemin","domain_name":"uw","page_name":"BéréniceGaillemin","display_name":"Bérénice Gaillemin","profile_url":"https://uw.academia.edu/B%C3%A9r%C3%A9niceGaillemin?f_ri=139","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-44397057">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-44397057"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://getty.academia.edu/KimRichter">Kim Richter</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-44397057'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-44397057').html(); 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Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48744033]'), work: {"id":48744033,"title":"Thunder Rides a Black Horse: Mescalero Apaches and the Mythic Present","created_at":"2021-05-05T09:28:45.876-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48744033/Thunder_Rides_a_Black_Horse_Mescalero_Apaches_and_the_Mythic_Present?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_48744033","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67199807,"asset_id":48744033,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":348866,"first_name":"Gregory","last_name":"Campbell","domain_name":"umontana","page_name":"GregoryCampbell","display_name":"Gregory R Campbell","profile_url":"https://umontana.academia.edu/GregoryCampbell?f_ri=139","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":52408,"name":"Literary studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":123744,"name":"Language Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31700410" data-work_id="31700410" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31700410/On_the_Trail_of_a_Trail_Preliminary_Examinations_along_the_Leech_Lake_Red_Lake_Trail">On the Trail of a Trail: Preliminary Examinations along the Leech Lake/Red Lake Trail</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Leech Lake/Red Lake Trail was a historic travel route between the Chippewa Agency on Leech Lake and the Agency on Red Lake. It was established as a part of the Old Crossing Treaty of 1863 and was used by the Ojibwe as well as White... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31700410" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Leech Lake/Red Lake Trail was a historic travel route between the Chippewa Agency on Leech Lake and the Agency on Red Lake.  It was established as a part of the Old Crossing Treaty of 1863 and was used by the Ojibwe as well as White settlers, loggers, teamsters, and others. Use of the trail declined when railroads became the preferred mode of transport in the early 20th century.  Most of the trail had fallen out of use in the years following World War I.<br /><br />The route of the trail has been plotted through part of the Chippewa National Forest in Cass County using GIS and historic maps.  We have been conducting archaeological surveys along the route of the old trail and have been identifying segments of the trail as well as 19th and early 20th century Ojibwe homesites located along the trail.  This poster will summarize our work to date.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31700410" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="542cc7990cbc2fb161b21cba29900fa9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52015623,"asset_id":31700410,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52015623/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="282234" href="https://fs-fed.academia.edu/SeanDunham">Sean Dunham</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="282234" type="text/json">{"id":282234,"first_name":"Sean","last_name":"Dunham","domain_name":"fs-fed","page_name":"SeanDunham","display_name":"Sean Dunham","profile_url":"https://fs-fed.academia.edu/SeanDunham?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/282234/57673/39316756/s65_sean.dunham.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31700410 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31700410"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31700410, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31700410", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31700410]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31700410").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31700410").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31700410"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2795" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology">Landscape Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2795" type="text/json">{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29411" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Frontier_Studies">Frontier Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="29411" type="text/json">{"id":29411,"name":"Frontier Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Frontier_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39742" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Great_Lakes_Archaeology">Great Lakes Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="39742" type="text/json">{"id":39742,"name":"Great Lakes Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Great_Lakes_Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31700410]'), work: {"id":31700410,"title":"On the Trail of a Trail: Preliminary Examinations along the Leech Lake/Red Lake Trail","created_at":"2017-03-03T13:23:07.178-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31700410/On_the_Trail_of_a_Trail_Preliminary_Examinations_along_the_Leech_Lake_Red_Lake_Trail?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_31700410","summary":"The Leech Lake/Red Lake Trail was a historic travel route between the Chippewa Agency on Leech Lake and the Agency on Red Lake. It was established as a part of the Old Crossing Treaty of 1863 and was used by the Ojibwe as well as White settlers, loggers, teamsters, and others. Use of the trail declined when railroads became the preferred mode of transport in the early 20th century. Most of the trail had fallen out of use in the years following World War I.\n\nThe route of the trail has been plotted through part of the Chippewa National Forest in Cass County using GIS and historic maps. We have been conducting archaeological surveys along the route of the old trail and have been identifying segments of the trail as well as 19th and early 20th century Ojibwe homesites located along the trail. This poster will summarize our work to date. \n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52015623,"asset_id":31700410,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":282234,"first_name":"Sean","last_name":"Dunham","domain_name":"fs-fed","page_name":"SeanDunham","display_name":"Sean Dunham","profile_url":"https://fs-fed.academia.edu/SeanDunham?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/282234/57673/39316756/s65_sean.dunham.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":29411,"name":"Frontier Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Frontier_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":39742,"name":"Great Lakes Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Great_Lakes_Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":453467,"name":"Documentation and management of Cultural trails","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Documentation_and_management_of_Cultural_trails?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41292797" data-work_id="41292797" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41292797/_2019_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_The_origin_of_Paleoeskimos_and_Paleoeskimo_tradition">(2019) Происхождение палеоэскимосов и палеоэскимосской традиции / The origin of Paleoeskimos and Paleoeskimo tradition</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">В работе предлагается комплексный взгляд на проблему происхождения палеоэскимосов и их культуры. Показывается, что генофонд палеоэскимосов складывался из двух компонентов — древнего палеосибирского, представленного геномом индивида из... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41292797" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">В работе предлагается комплексный взгляд на проблему происхождения палеоэскимосов и их культуры. Показывается, что генофонд палеоэскимосов складывался из двух компонентов — древнего палеосибирского, представленного геномом индивида из Дуванного Яра, и восточноазиатского (линия D2a мтДНК), вероятно близкого к тем, что обнаружены у древних индивидов из пещеры Чертовы Ворота в Приморье и представителя китойской культуры в захоронении на оз. Ножий в Забайкалье. Миграция предков палеоэскимосов на Аляску определяется в диапазоне 7500–5500 кал. л. н. Делается вывод, что основные элементы специализированной палеоэскимосской традиции арктических морских охотников фиксируются на этапе существования культур Пре-Дорсет, Индепенденс I и Саккак. / The paper offers a comprehensive approach to the problem of origin of the Paleoskimos and their culture. It is demonstrated that the Paleoskimo gene pool was a product of two components — the Ancient Paleosiberian, represented by the genome of individual  from the Duvanny Yar, and the East Asian (mtDNA line D2a), the latter of which is probably similar to genomes of individuals from the Chertovy Vorota Cave in Primorie, and from a burial of a Kitoi culture at lake Nozhiy in the Trans-Baikal area. The ancestors of the Paleoeskimos probably migrated to Alaska between 7,500 and 5,500 cal. BP.  It is concluded that the main elements of the specialized Paleoskimo tradition of the Arctic maritime hunters may be referred to the period of existence of the Pre-Dorset, Independence I, and Saqqaq cultures.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41292797" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e6bdbe2a6f550d89a939d33bfc161d01" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61508890,"asset_id":41292797,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61508890/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="61268311" href="https://igpran.academia.edu/PavelGrebenyuk">Pavel Grebenyuk</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="61268311" type="text/json">{"id":61268311,"first_name":"Pavel","last_name":"Grebenyuk","domain_name":"igpran","page_name":"PavelGrebenyuk","display_name":"Pavel Grebenyuk","profile_url":"https://igpran.academia.edu/PavelGrebenyuk?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/61268311/16282343/27015871/s65_pavel.grebenyuk.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41292797 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41292797"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41292797, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41292797", }); 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Показывается, что генофонд палеоэскимосов складывался из двух компонентов — древнего палеосибирского, представленного геномом индивида из Дуванного Яра, и восточноазиатского (линия D2a мтДНК), вероятно близкого к тем, что обнаружены у древних индивидов из пещеры Чертовы Ворота в Приморье и представителя китойской культуры в захоронении на оз. Ножий в Забайкалье. Миграция предков палеоэскимосов на Аляску определяется в диапазоне 7500–5500 кал. л. н. Делается вывод, что основные элементы специализированной палеоэскимосской традиции арктических морских охотников фиксируются на этапе существования культур Пре-Дорсет, Индепенденс I и Саккак. / The paper offers a comprehensive approach to the problem of origin of the Paleoskimos and their culture. It is demonstrated that the Paleoskimo gene pool was a product of two components — the Ancient Paleosiberian, represented by the genome of individual from the Duvanny Yar, and the East Asian (mtDNA line D2a), the latter of which is probably similar to genomes of individuals from the Chertovy Vorota Cave in Primorie, and from a burial of a Kitoi culture at lake Nozhiy in the Trans-Baikal area. The ancestors of the Paleoeskimos probably migrated to Alaska between 7,500 and 5,500 cal. BP. It is concluded that the main elements of the specialized Paleoskimo tradition of the Arctic maritime hunters may be referred to the period of existence of the Pre-Dorset, Independence I, and Saqqaq cultures.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61508890,"asset_id":41292797,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":61268311,"first_name":"Pavel","last_name":"Grebenyuk","domain_name":"igpran","page_name":"PavelGrebenyuk","display_name":"Pavel Grebenyuk","profile_url":"https://igpran.academia.edu/PavelGrebenyuk?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/61268311/16282343/27015871/s65_pavel.grebenyuk.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":1628,"name":"Ethnoarchaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnoarchaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":4480,"name":"Population Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Genetics?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":951143,"name":"Archeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_772688" data-work_id="772688" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/772688/Historical_records_and_archaeological_excavations_of_to_national_marae_complexes_on_Huahine_Society_Islands_French_Polynesia_A_preliminary_report">Historical records and archaeological excavations of to "national" marae complexes on Huahine, Society Islands, French Polynesia - A preliminary report</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/772688" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d17ffe6bc8d6eb6273557ba2f7e664ee" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":4546627,"asset_id":772688,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/4546627/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" 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data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="136" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History">Cultural History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="136" type="text/json">{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="30543" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pacific_Archaeology">Pacific Archaeology</a><script 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report","created_at":"2011-07-24T15:04:00.368-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/772688/Historical_records_and_archaeological_excavations_of_to_national_marae_complexes_on_Huahine_Society_Islands_French_Polynesia_A_preliminary_report?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_772688","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":4546627,"asset_id":772688,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":495117,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Wallin","domain_name":"uppsala","page_name":"PaulWallin","display_name":"Paul Wallin","profile_url":"https://uppsala.academia.edu/PaulWallin?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/495117/186037/216856/s65_paul.wallin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":30543,"name":"Pacific Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pacific_Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":32671,"name":"Pacific History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pacific_History?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44946414" data-work_id="44946414" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44946414/ETNOGENESI_BARBARICHE_TRA_TARDOANTICO_E_MEDIOEVO_LUTILIT%C3%80_POLITICA_DELLE_RAPPRESENTAZIONI_IDENTITARIE_ED_ETNICHE_NELLITALIA_OSTROGOTA_E_LONGOBARDA">ETNOGENESI BARBARICHE TRA TARDOANTICO E MEDIOEVO: L'UTILITÀ POLITICA DELLE RAPPRESENTAZIONI IDENTITARIE ED ETNICHE NELL'ITALIA OSTROGOTA E LONGOBARDA</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Con la stesura di questa analisi, a fianco di uno studio più generico sulle teorie che hanno cercato di spiegare la formazione etnica e l'origine dei popoli barbarici, ci si vuole soffermare sul ruolo politico e "situazionale" che ha... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44946414" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Con la stesura di questa analisi, a fianco di uno studio più generico sulle teorie che hanno cercato di spiegare la formazione etnica e l'origine dei popoli barbarici, ci si vuole soffermare sul ruolo politico e "situazionale" che ha avuto la percezione identitaria all'interno di questi gruppi insediatisi in Europa occidentale tra Tardoantico e Medioevo. La prospettiva etnogenetica permette di considerare i tratti culturali in termini nuovi, ossia come strumenti via via utilizzati dai vari leader e capi per creare aggregazione e consenso, e dai vertici del potere dominante per legittimare il proprio status. La strumentalizzazione politica dell'identità etnica era perpetrata in modi diversi: o facendo proprie e manipolando a piacimento, a seconda della situazione, tradizioni di natura assai eterogenea, oppure inventandone di nuove, come per esempio genealogie e discendenze regie, battaglie leggendarie, o autoproclamandosi gli eredi di popoli antichi. Dietro ai nomi dei popoli barbari che ritroviamo nei manuali e che sembrano indicare realtà stabili, se non addirittura metastoriche, si cela invece una storia discontinua di cambiamenti incessanti, di interruzioni politiche e culturali, una storia dove questi stessi nomi sono stati soggetti a ripetute riappropriazioni per definire realtà nuove. Porre a critica l'idea che i "popoli barbarici" godessero di lineamenti culturali e sociali stabili e di come questi caratteri fossero percepiti diffusamente all'interno dei gruppi medesimi e non soltanto dalle élites (impiegati da queste come strategie di distinzione), risulta doppiamente insidioso se si considera che le principali fonti a nostra disposizione sono provenienti da autori romani o fortemente romanizzati. Queste fonti infatti non sono da sé impiegabili-senza un approccio critico-per una ricerca in questo senso, perché descrivevano le genti germaniche sempre in relazione dialettica con la civiltà romana, o comunque a partire da prospettive totalizzanti sempre infarcite da topoi e da pregiudizi. A supporto di un'analisi generica sui processi di etnogenesi, e per aiutare la comprensione di quale sia stata l'utilità politica e materiale delle rappresentazioni identitarie nell'affermazione dei vari regni romano-barbarici, si considereranno esempi più specifici tratti dalla storia altomedievale, e in particolare due casi che a riguardo sono emblematici: gli Ostrogoti e i Longobardi in Italia.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44946414" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ad02d2c651387b54c86984a1d00ba50e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65475879,"asset_id":44946414,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65475879/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="108100074" href="https://independent.academia.edu/OJarrar">Omar Jarrar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="108100074" type="text/json">{"id":108100074,"first_name":"Omar","last_name":"Jarrar","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"OJarrar","display_name":"Omar Jarrar","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/OJarrar?f_ri=139","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44946414 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44946414"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44946414, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44946414", }); 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La prospettiva etnogenetica permette di considerare i tratti culturali in termini nuovi, ossia come strumenti via via utilizzati dai vari leader e capi per creare aggregazione e consenso, e dai vertici del potere dominante per legittimare il proprio status. La strumentalizzazione politica dell'identità etnica era perpetrata in modi diversi: o facendo proprie e manipolando a piacimento, a seconda della situazione, tradizioni di natura assai eterogenea, oppure inventandone di nuove, come per esempio genealogie e discendenze regie, battaglie leggendarie, o autoproclamandosi gli eredi di popoli antichi. Dietro ai nomi dei popoli barbari che ritroviamo nei manuali e che sembrano indicare realtà stabili, se non addirittura metastoriche, si cela invece una storia discontinua di cambiamenti incessanti, di interruzioni politiche e culturali, una storia dove questi stessi nomi sono stati soggetti a ripetute riappropriazioni per definire realtà nuove. Porre a critica l'idea che i \"popoli barbarici\" godessero di lineamenti culturali e sociali stabili e di come questi caratteri fossero percepiti diffusamente all'interno dei gruppi medesimi e non soltanto dalle élites (impiegati da queste come strategie di distinzione), risulta doppiamente insidioso se si considera che le principali fonti a nostra disposizione sono provenienti da autori romani o fortemente romanizzati. Queste fonti infatti non sono da sé impiegabili-senza un approccio critico-per una ricerca in questo senso, perché descrivevano le genti germaniche sempre in relazione dialettica con la civiltà romana, o comunque a partire da prospettive totalizzanti sempre infarcite da topoi e da pregiudizi. A supporto di un'analisi generica sui processi di etnogenesi, e per aiutare la comprensione di quale sia stata l'utilità politica e materiale delle rappresentazioni identitarie nell'affermazione dei vari regni romano-barbarici, si considereranno esempi più specifici tratti dalla storia altomedievale, e in particolare due casi che a riguardo sono emblematici: gli Ostrogoti e i Longobardi in Italia. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65475879,"asset_id":44946414,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":108100074,"first_name":"Omar","last_name":"Jarrar","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"OJarrar","display_name":"Omar Jarrar","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/OJarrar?f_ri=139","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":5272,"name":"Identity (Culture)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Identity_Culture_?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":7629,"name":"Early Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Medieval_History?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":161088,"name":"Etnicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Etnicity?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5320467" data-work_id="5320467" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5320467/The_Tribal_Philosophical_Thoughts_of_the_Higaunon_of_Iligan_City_Philippines">The Tribal Philosophical Thoughts of the Higaunon of Iligan City, Philippines</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5320467" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a451adbc56d7602580d7076aa31621ca" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32481936,"asset_id":5320467,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32481936/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5151261" href="https://msuiit.academia.edu/ArtchilDaug">Artchil Daug</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5151261" type="text/json">{"id":5151261,"first_name":"Artchil","last_name":"Daug","domain_name":"msuiit","page_name":"ArtchilDaug","display_name":"Artchil Daug","profile_url":"https://msuiit.academia.edu/ArtchilDaug?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5151261/2263262/2645517/s65_artchil.daug.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5320467 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5320467"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5320467, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5320467", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5320467]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5320467").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5320467").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5320467"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="803" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy">Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="803" type="text/json">{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="550333" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philippine_Tribes">Philippine Tribes</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="550333" type="text/json">{"id":550333,"name":"Philippine Tribes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philippine_Tribes?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5320467]'), work: {"id":5320467,"title":"The Tribal Philosophical Thoughts of the Higaunon of Iligan City, Philippines","created_at":"2013-12-04T12:24:10.626-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5320467/The_Tribal_Philosophical_Thoughts_of_the_Higaunon_of_Iligan_City_Philippines?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_5320467","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32481936,"asset_id":5320467,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5151261,"first_name":"Artchil","last_name":"Daug","domain_name":"msuiit","page_name":"ArtchilDaug","display_name":"Artchil Daug","profile_url":"https://msuiit.academia.edu/ArtchilDaug?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5151261/2263262/2645517/s65_artchil.daug.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":550333,"name":"Philippine Tribes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philippine_Tribes?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_230184" data-work_id="230184" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/230184/The_Search_for_Tradition_in_Southern_Belize_A_Personal_Narrative">The Search for Tradition in Southern Belize: A Personal Narrative</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">What is a 'traditional' society? How does the narrative of modernity clash with historical reality? This is the first paper I published which questions the prevailing wisdom of Mesoamerican ethnology, that we can read the ancient Maya... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_230184" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">What is a 'traditional' society? How does the narrative of modernity clash with historical reality? This is the first paper I published which questions the prevailing wisdom of Mesoamerican ethnology, that we can read the ancient Maya past from their modern descendants. It has never been cited to my knowledge!</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/230184" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="21133dc1bf0a7fd073dc67c3818761f0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":909204,"asset_id":230184,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/909204/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3657" href="https://rkus-ott.academia.edu/RichardWilk">Richard R Wilk</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3657" type="text/json">{"id":3657,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Wilk","domain_name":"rkus-ott","page_name":"RichardWilk","display_name":"Richard R Wilk","profile_url":"https://rkus-ott.academia.edu/RichardWilk?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3657/1490/135115547/s65_richard.wilk.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_230184 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="230184"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 230184, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_230184", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=230184]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_230184").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_230184").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="230184"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49749" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tradition">Tradition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="49749" type="text/json">{"id":49749,"name":"Tradition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tradition?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134396" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Belize">Belize</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="134396" type="text/json">{"id":134396,"name":"Belize","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Belize?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=230184]'), work: {"id":230184,"title":"The Search for Tradition in Southern Belize: A Personal Narrative","created_at":"2010-04-21T01:36:37.065-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/230184/The_Search_for_Tradition_in_Southern_Belize_A_Personal_Narrative?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_230184","summary":"What is a 'traditional' society? How does the narrative of modernity clash with historical reality? This is the first paper I published which questions the prevailing wisdom of Mesoamerican ethnology, that we can read the ancient Maya past from their modern descendants. It has never been cited to my knowledge!","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":909204,"asset_id":230184,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3657,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Wilk","domain_name":"rkus-ott","page_name":"RichardWilk","display_name":"Richard R Wilk","profile_url":"https://rkus-ott.academia.edu/RichardWilk?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3657/1490/135115547/s65_richard.wilk.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":49749,"name":"Tradition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tradition?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":134396,"name":"Belize","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Belize?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12652413" data-work_id="12652413" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12652413/General_Introduction_A_Little_Glass_of_Rum">General Introduction: "A Little Glass of Rum</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12652413" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4ea37a5bd7782f048e473adf01fd8e11" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57307213,"asset_id":12652413,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57307213/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31638091" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RonaldSchwarz">Ronald A Schwarz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31638091" type="text/json">{"id":31638091,"first_name":"Ronald","last_name":"Schwarz","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RonaldSchwarz","display_name":"Ronald A Schwarz","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RonaldSchwarz?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31638091/9730229/17883724/s65_ronald.schwarz.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12652413 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12652413"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12652413, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12652413", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12652413]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12652413").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12652413").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12652413"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2170" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnography">Ethnography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2170" type="text/json">{"id":2170,"name":"Ethnography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnography?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3499" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Cultural_Anthropology">Social and Cultural Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3499" type="text/json">{"id":3499,"name":"Social and Cultural Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Cultural_Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4850" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration">Migration</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4850" type="text/json">{"id":4850,"name":"Migration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12652413]'), work: {"id":12652413,"title":"General Introduction: \"A Little Glass of Rum","created_at":"2015-05-28T08:34:08.768-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12652413/General_Introduction_A_Little_Glass_of_Rum?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_12652413","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57307213,"asset_id":12652413,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31638091,"first_name":"Ronald","last_name":"Schwarz","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RonaldSchwarz","display_name":"Ronald A Schwarz","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RonaldSchwarz?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31638091/9730229/17883724/s65_ronald.schwarz.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":2170,"name":"Ethnography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnography?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":3499,"name":"Social and Cultural Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Cultural_Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":4850,"name":"Migration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=139"},{"id":10227,"name":"Amazonia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amazonia?f_ri=139"},{"id":19495,"name":"Indigenous Peoples","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Peoples?f_ri=139"},{"id":22099,"name":"Andes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Andes?f_ri=139"},{"id":46429,"name":"Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economy?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_51297193" data-work_id="51297193" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51297193/An_Account_of_the_Antiquities_of_the_Indians_The_Discoverie_of_the_Large_Rich_and_Bewtiful_Empyre_of_Guiana">An Account of the Antiquities of the Indians; The Discoverie of the Large, Rich and Bewtiful Empyre of Guiana</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/51297193" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="19510ace4f8049c7ff3b97b77012b176" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":69079233,"asset_id":51297193,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69079233/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16445636" href="https://buffalo.academia.edu/HalLangfur">Hal Langfur</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16445636" type="text/json">{"id":16445636,"first_name":"Hal","last_name":"Langfur","domain_name":"buffalo","page_name":"HalLangfur","display_name":"Hal Langfur","profile_url":"https://buffalo.academia.edu/HalLangfur?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16445636/9878460/11012144/s65_hal.langfur.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_51297193 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="51297193"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51297193, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_51297193", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51297193]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_51297193").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_51297193").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="51297193"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="123744" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies">Language Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="123744" type="text/json">{"id":123744,"name":"Language Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="257992" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies">Historical Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="257992" type="text/json">{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=51297193]'), work: {"id":51297193,"title":"An Account of the Antiquities of the Indians; The Discoverie of the Large, Rich and Bewtiful Empyre of Guiana","created_at":"2021-09-05T07:40:22.210-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/51297193/An_Account_of_the_Antiquities_of_the_Indians_The_Discoverie_of_the_Large_Rich_and_Bewtiful_Empyre_of_Guiana?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_51297193","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69079233,"asset_id":51297193,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16445636,"first_name":"Hal","last_name":"Langfur","domain_name":"buffalo","page_name":"HalLangfur","display_name":"Hal Langfur","profile_url":"https://buffalo.academia.edu/HalLangfur?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16445636/9878460/11012144/s65_hal.langfur.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":123744,"name":"Language Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_47209280" data-work_id="47209280" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47209280/A_Radiocarbon_Chronology_for_the_Arozena_Site_CA_SBA_141_Eastern_Santa_Barbara_County_California">A Radiocarbon Chronology for the Arozena Site (CA-SBA-141), Eastern Santa Barbara County, California</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47209280" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4025671ab5cd4de8cf5d2b16166fb5c3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66423695,"asset_id":47209280,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66423695/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32965917" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ReneVellanoweth">Rene Vellanoweth</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32965917" type="text/json">{"id":32965917,"first_name":"Rene","last_name":"Vellanoweth","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ReneVellanoweth","display_name":"Rene Vellanoweth","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ReneVellanoweth?f_ri=139","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_47209280 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="47209280"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 47209280, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_47209280", }); 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For example, the going rate for Indian labor at the time of the Ghost Dance was $1.25 a ... Contrast this situation with that of the Plains... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38485001" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">... were being held in such a frenzy that as a result of this immoderate dancing more than ... For example, the going rate for Indian labor at the time of the Ghost Dance was $1.25 a ... Contrast this situation with that of the Plains groups which had adopted the horse and subsequently ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38485001" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d764963c135552052151ae4331a053d8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61543140,"asset_id":38485001,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61543140/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3598736" href="https://ksu.academia.edu/BradLogan">Brad Logan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3598736" type="text/json">{"id":3598736,"first_name":"Brad","last_name":"Logan","domain_name":"ksu","page_name":"BradLogan","display_name":"Brad Logan","profile_url":"https://ksu.academia.edu/BradLogan?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3598736/1254629/3195066/s65_brad.logan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38485001 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38485001"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38485001, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38485001", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38485001 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38485001; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38485001"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38485001 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38485001"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38485001; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38485001]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38485001").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38485001").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38485001"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="123744" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies">Language Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="123744" type="text/json">{"id":123744,"name":"Language Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="257992" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies">Historical Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="257992" type="text/json">{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38485001]'), work: {"id":38485001,"title":"The Ghost Dance among the Paiute: An Ethnohistorical View of the Documentary Evidence 1889-1893","created_at":"2019-03-04T07:40:55.165-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38485001/The_Ghost_Dance_among_the_Paiute_An_Ethnohistorical_View_of_the_Documentary_Evidence_1889_1893?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_38485001","summary":"... were being held in such a frenzy that as a result of this immoderate dancing more than ... For example, the going rate for Indian labor at the time of the Ghost Dance was $1.25 a ... Contrast this situation with that of the Plains groups which had adopted the horse and subsequently ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61543140,"asset_id":38485001,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3598736,"first_name":"Brad","last_name":"Logan","domain_name":"ksu","page_name":"BradLogan","display_name":"Brad Logan","profile_url":"https://ksu.academia.edu/BradLogan?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3598736/1254629/3195066/s65_brad.logan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":123744,"name":"Language Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43536211" data-work_id="43536211" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43536211/He_Mau_Palapala_Mai_Kalip%C5%8Dnia_Mai_Ka_%CA%BB%C4%80ina_Malihini_Letters_from_California_the_Foreign_Land_K%C4%81naka_Hawai_i_Agency_and_Identity_in_the_Eastern_Pacific_1820_1900_">He Mau Palapala Mai Kalipōnia Mai, Ka ʻĀina Malihini (Letters from California, the Foreign Land) Kānaka Hawai’i Agency and Identity in the Eastern Pacific (1820-1900)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The purpose of this study was to explore the ways in which working-class Kānaka Hawai’i (Native Hawaiian) immigrants in the nineteenth century repurposed and repackaged precontact Hawai’i strategies of accommodation and resistance in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43536211" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The purpose of this study was to explore the ways in which working-class Kānaka Hawai’i (Native Hawaiian) immigrants in the nineteenth century repurposed and repackaged precontact Hawai’i strategies of accommodation and resistance in their migration towards North America and particularly within California.  The arrival of European naturalists, American missionaries, and foreign merchants in the Hawaiian Islands is frequently attributed for triggering this diaspora.  However, little has been written about why Hawaiian immigrants themselves chose to migrate eastward across the Pacific or their reasons for permanent settlement in California.  Like the ali’i on the Islands, Hawaiian commoners in the diaspora exercised agency in their accommodation and resistance to Pacific imperialism and colonialism as well.  Blending labor history, religious history, and anthropology, this thesis adopts an interdisciplinary and ethnohistorical approach that utilizes Hawaiian-language newspapers, American missionary letters, and oral histories from California’s indigenous peoples.  I argue that precontact strategies were critical to preserving and holding onto an ethnic Hawaiian identity in encounters with merchants, missionaries, and indigenous peoples in California throughout the 1800s.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" 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InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33290942" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarnhamApril">April Farnham</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33290942" type="text/json">{"id":33290942,"first_name":"April","last_name":"Farnham","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FarnhamApril","display_name":"April Farnham","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FarnhamApril?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33290942/24569159/23455543/s65_april.farnham.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43536211 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43536211"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43536211, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43536211", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_43536211 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43536211; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_43536211"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_43536211 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43536211"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 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type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="926" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Studies">Indigenous Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="926" type="text/json">{"id":926,"name":"Indigenous Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2365" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pacific_Island_Studies">Pacific Island Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2365" type="text/json">{"id":2365,"name":"Pacific Island Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pacific_Island_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5453" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Race_and_Ethnicity">Race and Ethnicity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5453" type="text/json">{"id":5453,"name":"Race and Ethnicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Race_and_Ethnicity?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43536211]'), work: {"id":43536211,"title":"He Mau Palapala Mai Kalipōnia Mai, Ka ʻĀina Malihini (Letters from California, the Foreign Land) Kānaka Hawai’i Agency and Identity in the Eastern Pacific (1820-1900)","created_at":"2020-07-06T20:01:48.581-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43536211/He_Mau_Palapala_Mai_Kalip%C5%8Dnia_Mai_Ka_%CA%BB%C4%80ina_Malihini_Letters_from_California_the_Foreign_Land_K%C4%81naka_Hawai_i_Agency_and_Identity_in_the_Eastern_Pacific_1820_1900_?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_43536211","summary":"The purpose of this study was to explore the ways in which working-class Kānaka Hawai’i (Native Hawaiian) immigrants in the nineteenth century repurposed and repackaged precontact Hawai’i strategies of accommodation and resistance in their migration towards North America and particularly within California. The arrival of European naturalists, American missionaries, and foreign merchants in the Hawaiian Islands is frequently attributed for triggering this diaspora. However, little has been written about why Hawaiian immigrants themselves chose to migrate eastward across the Pacific or their reasons for permanent settlement in California. Like the ali’i on the Islands, Hawaiian commoners in the diaspora exercised agency in their accommodation and resistance to Pacific imperialism and colonialism as well. Blending labor history, religious history, and anthropology, this thesis adopts an interdisciplinary and ethnohistorical approach that utilizes Hawaiian-language newspapers, American missionary letters, and oral histories from California’s indigenous peoples. I argue that precontact strategies were critical to preserving and holding onto an ethnic Hawaiian identity in encounters with merchants, missionaries, and indigenous peoples in California throughout the 1800s. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63848321,"asset_id":43536211,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33290942,"first_name":"April","last_name":"Farnham","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FarnhamApril","display_name":"April Farnham","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FarnhamApril?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33290942/24569159/23455543/s65_april.farnham.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":926,"name":"Indigenous Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":2365,"name":"Pacific Island Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pacific_Island_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":5453,"name":"Race and Ethnicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Race_and_Ethnicity?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":7397,"name":"Missionary History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Missionary_History?f_ri=139"},{"id":25513,"name":"California History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/California_History?f_ri=139"},{"id":149633,"name":"Hawaiian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hawaiian_History?f_ri=139"},{"id":1245764,"name":"Indigenous Agency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Agency?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48744023" data-work_id="48744023" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48744023/An_Unspeakable_Sadness_The_Dispossession_of_the_Nebraska_Indians">An Unspeakable Sadness: The Dispossession of the Nebraska Indians</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48744023" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="59cfb13890161059460648a1f7702b66" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67199826,"asset_id":48744023,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67199826/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="348866" href="https://umontana.academia.edu/GregoryCampbell">Gregory R Campbell</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="348866" type="text/json">{"id":348866,"first_name":"Gregory","last_name":"Campbell","domain_name":"umontana","page_name":"GregoryCampbell","display_name":"Gregory R Campbell","profile_url":"https://umontana.academia.edu/GregoryCampbell?f_ri=139","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48744023 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48744023"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48744023, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48744023", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48744023]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48744023").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48744023").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48744023"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60744" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_American_West">History of the American West</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60744" type="text/json">{"id":60744,"name":"History of the American West","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_American_West?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="123744" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies">Language Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="123744" type="text/json">{"id":123744,"name":"Language Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48744023]'), work: {"id":48744023,"title":"An Unspeakable Sadness: The Dispossession of the Nebraska Indians","created_at":"2021-05-05T09:28:45.398-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48744023/An_Unspeakable_Sadness_The_Dispossession_of_the_Nebraska_Indians?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_48744023","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67199826,"asset_id":48744023,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":348866,"first_name":"Gregory","last_name":"Campbell","domain_name":"umontana","page_name":"GregoryCampbell","display_name":"Gregory R Campbell","profile_url":"https://umontana.academia.edu/GregoryCampbell?f_ri=139","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":60744,"name":"History of the American West","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_American_West?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":123744,"name":"Language Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_72702812" data-work_id="72702812" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/72702812/Introduction_Knowledge_of_Birds_and_Feathers_in_the_Ancient_and_Colonial_Mesoamerican_World">Introduction: Knowledge of Birds and Feathers in the Ancient and Colonial Mesoamerican World</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Birds and their feathers have long occupied a unique place in the social, cultural, and intellectual life of the Americas. This was particularly so in Mesoamerica, where ancient civilizations and colonial societies developed extensive... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_72702812" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Birds and their feathers have long occupied a unique place in the social, cultural, and intellectual life of the Americas. This was particularly so in Mesoamerica, where ancient civilizations and colonial societies developed extensive knowledge of birds, their behaviors and habitats, and their vibrant plumage. This special issue brings together scholars from a variety of disciplines, including art history, history, and biology, to promote discussion among the arts, social sciences, and natural sciences on the role of birds and feathers in Mesoamerica. This introductory essay first provides a discussion of the major trends in the scholarship on birds and feathers in ancient and colonial Mesoamerica. It then highlights the contributions of the articles in the special issue to our understanding of the multifaceted roles that both symbolic and real birds and their feathers played in indigenous and transatlantic knowledge systems and societies.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/72702812" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="15611dd62ab4029fabd7d37b7dae292e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81525960,"asset_id":72702812,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81525960/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="29375213" href="https://oxy.academia.edu/LisaSousa">Lisa Sousa</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="29375213" type="text/json">{"id":29375213,"first_name":"Lisa","last_name":"Sousa","domain_name":"oxy","page_name":"LisaSousa","display_name":"Lisa Sousa","profile_url":"https://oxy.academia.edu/LisaSousa?f_ri=139","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_72702812 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="72702812"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72702812, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_72702812", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_72702812 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72702812; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_72702812"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_72702812 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="72702812"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72702812; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=72702812]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_72702812").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_72702812").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="72702812"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="123744" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies">Language Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="123744" type="text/json">{"id":123744,"name":"Language Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="257992" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies">Historical Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="257992" type="text/json">{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=72702812]'), work: {"id":72702812,"title":"Introduction: Knowledge of Birds and Feathers in the Ancient and Colonial Mesoamerican World","created_at":"2022-03-01T10:43:40.271-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/72702812/Introduction_Knowledge_of_Birds_and_Feathers_in_the_Ancient_and_Colonial_Mesoamerican_World?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_72702812","summary":"Birds and their feathers have long occupied a unique place in the social, cultural, and intellectual life of the Americas. This was particularly so in Mesoamerica, where ancient civilizations and colonial societies developed extensive knowledge of birds, their behaviors and habitats, and their vibrant plumage. This special issue brings together scholars from a variety of disciplines, including art history, history, and biology, to promote discussion among the arts, social sciences, and natural sciences on the role of birds and feathers in Mesoamerica. This introductory essay first provides a discussion of the major trends in the scholarship on birds and feathers in ancient and colonial Mesoamerica. It then highlights the contributions of the articles in the special issue to our understanding of the multifaceted roles that both symbolic and real birds and their feathers played in indigenous and transatlantic knowledge systems and societies.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81525960,"asset_id":72702812,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":29375213,"first_name":"Lisa","last_name":"Sousa","domain_name":"oxy","page_name":"LisaSousa","display_name":"Lisa Sousa","profile_url":"https://oxy.academia.edu/LisaSousa?f_ri=139","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":123744,"name":"Language Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_59560980" data-work_id="59560980" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/59560980/Temporal_and_Spatial_Distribution_of_Concave_Base_Projectile_Points_from_the_North_Coast_Ranges_California">Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Concave Base Projectile Points from the North Coast Ranges, California</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/59560980" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3b58fa4ac74a24449dcbe4a822d50a5a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73420534,"asset_id":59560980,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73420534/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31170542" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TerryLJones">Terry L. 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Jones","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TerryLJones?f_ri=139","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_59560980 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="59560980"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 59560980, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_59560980", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_59560980 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59560980; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_59560980"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_59560980 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59560980"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59560980; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59560980]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_59560980").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_59560980").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="59560980"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2170" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnography">Ethnography</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2170" type="text/json">{"id":2170,"name":"Ethnography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnography?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=59560980]'), work: {"id":59560980,"title":"Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Concave Base Projectile Points from the North Coast Ranges, California","created_at":"2021-10-22T13:58:00.653-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/59560980/Temporal_and_Spatial_Distribution_of_Concave_Base_Projectile_Points_from_the_North_Coast_Ranges_California?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_59560980","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73420534,"asset_id":59560980,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31170542,"first_name":"Terry L.","last_name":"Jones","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TerryLJones","display_name":"Terry L. Jones","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TerryLJones?f_ri=139","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":2170,"name":"Ethnography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnography?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_58403983" data-work_id="58403983" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/58403983/The_category_of_the_person_anthropology_philosophy_history">The category of the person: anthropology, philosophy, history</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/58403983" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0dd1fcf34f50a4f52c3ebea030ae40f5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":72831900,"asset_id":58403983,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72831900/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7296924" href="https://durham.academia.edu/MichaelCarrithers">Michael Carrithers</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7296924" type="text/json">{"id":7296924,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Carrithers","domain_name":"durham","page_name":"MichaelCarrithers","display_name":"Michael Carrithers","profile_url":"https://durham.academia.edu/MichaelCarrithers?f_ri=139","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_58403983 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="58403983"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 58403983, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_58403983", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=58403983]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_58403983").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_58403983").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="58403983"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="237" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="237" type="text/json">{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=58403983]'), work: {"id":58403983,"title":"The category of the person: anthropology, philosophy, history","created_at":"2021-10-16T07:20:52.147-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/58403983/The_category_of_the_person_anthropology_philosophy_history?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_58403983","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":72831900,"asset_id":58403983,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7296924,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Carrithers","domain_name":"durham","page_name":"MichaelCarrithers","display_name":"Michael Carrithers","profile_url":"https://durham.academia.edu/MichaelCarrithers?f_ri=139","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":2490,"name":"Political Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Psychology?f_ri=139"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=139"},{"id":23534,"name":"Individualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Individualism?f_ri=139"},{"id":31697,"name":"Self","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self?f_ri=139"},{"id":114790,"name":"Man","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Man?f_ri=139"},{"id":123744,"name":"Language Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies?f_ri=139"},{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26832270" data-work_id="26832270" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26832270/A_guerra_de_conquista_nos_territ%C3%B3rios_dos_%C3%ADndios_Kaingang_do_Tibagi">A guerra de conquista nos territórios dos índios Kaingang do Tibagi</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Os territórios da bacia do rio Tibagi no Paraná foram ocupados, desde tempos imemoraveis, por populações indígenas, que sempre defenderam suas matas, seus campos e rios dos invasores. Pretendemos apresentar aqui a guerra de conquista... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26832270" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Os territórios da bacia do rio Tibagi no Paraná foram ocupados, desde tempos imemoraveis, por populações indígenas, que sempre defenderam suas matas, seus campos e rios dos invasores. Pretendemos apresentar aqui a guerra de conquista movida contra essas populações e seus territórios pelos brancos, europeus e nacionais, até o século XIX. Ela teve inicio já nas primeiras décadas do século XVI, em nome do "Rei" (Espanha e Portugal) e "Deus" (Reduções Jesuíticas), com as expedições portuguesas e espanholas cruzando a região em busca e metais, escravos, e de uma rota para o Paraguai e Peru. Acentuou-se nos seiscentos com a implantação das Reduções Jesuíticas no Guairá e com as bandeiras paulistas que invadiram a região capturando índios. Prosseguiu no século XVIII com a descoberta de ouro e diamantes no Tibagi e com as expedições militares que construíram fortificações e cruzaram o território rumo ao Mato Grosso. Recrudesceu no novecentos, em nome da "Nação Brasileira" que se fundava, com a ocupação da bacia oriental do Tibagi, e a partir da segunda metade do século, com a invasão dos campos do cacique Kaingang Inhoó, pelos grandes fazendeiros dos Campos Gerais paranaense na expansão de seus domínios</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26832270" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="13e5fe8ba03dc8cbbe8b3d98f1e84fe7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47104743,"asset_id":26832270,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47104743/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8711973" href="https://maringa.academia.edu/LucioTadeuMota">Lucio Tadeu Mota</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8711973" type="text/json">{"id":8711973,"first_name":"Lucio","last_name":"Tadeu Mota","domain_name":"maringa","page_name":"LucioTadeuMota","display_name":"Lucio Tadeu Mota","profile_url":"https://maringa.academia.edu/LucioTadeuMota?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8711973/2888707/42980723/s65_lucio.tadeu_mota.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26832270 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26832270"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26832270, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26832270", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_26832270 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26832270; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_26832270"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_26832270 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26832270"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26832270; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26832270]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26832270").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26832270").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26832270"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="265242" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antrophology">Antrophology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="265242" type="text/json">{"id":265242,"name":"Antrophology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antrophology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2470836" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%C3%8Dndios_Kaingang">Índios Kaingang</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2470836" type="text/json">{"id":2470836,"name":"Índios Kaingang","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%C3%8Dndios_Kaingang?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26832270]'), work: {"id":26832270,"title":"A guerra de conquista nos territórios dos índios Kaingang do Tibagi","created_at":"2016-07-08T05:13:19.586-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26832270/A_guerra_de_conquista_nos_territ%C3%B3rios_dos_%C3%ADndios_Kaingang_do_Tibagi?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_26832270","summary":"Os territórios da bacia do rio Tibagi no Paraná foram ocupados, desde tempos imemoraveis, por populações indígenas, que sempre defenderam suas matas, seus campos e rios dos invasores. Pretendemos apresentar aqui a guerra de conquista movida contra essas populações e seus territórios pelos brancos, europeus e nacionais, até o século XIX. Ela teve inicio já nas primeiras décadas do século XVI, em nome do \"Rei\" (Espanha e Portugal) e \"Deus\" (Reduções Jesuíticas), com as expedições portuguesas e espanholas cruzando a região em busca e metais, escravos, e de uma rota para o Paraguai e Peru. Acentuou-se nos seiscentos com a implantação das Reduções Jesuíticas no Guairá e com as bandeiras paulistas que invadiram a região capturando índios. Prosseguiu no século XVIII com a descoberta de ouro e diamantes no Tibagi e com as expedições militares que construíram fortificações e cruzaram o território rumo ao Mato Grosso. Recrudesceu no novecentos, em nome da \"Nação Brasileira\" que se fundava, com a ocupação da bacia oriental do Tibagi, e a partir da segunda metade do século, com a invasão dos campos do cacique Kaingang Inhoó, pelos grandes fazendeiros dos Campos Gerais paranaense na expansão de seus domínios ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47104743,"asset_id":26832270,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8711973,"first_name":"Lucio","last_name":"Tadeu Mota","domain_name":"maringa","page_name":"LucioTadeuMota","display_name":"Lucio Tadeu Mota","profile_url":"https://maringa.academia.edu/LucioTadeuMota?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8711973/2888707/42980723/s65_lucio.tadeu_mota.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":265242,"name":"Antrophology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antrophology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":2470836,"name":"Índios Kaingang","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%C3%8Dndios_Kaingang?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5057900" data-work_id="5057900" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5057900/A_Comparison_of_Mashantucket_and_Eastern_Pequot_Overseer_Use_in_the_Years_1829_to_1833">A Comparison of Mashantucket and Eastern Pequot Overseer Use in the Years 1829 to 1833</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The nineteenth century was a time in which the Mashantucket and Eastern Pequots committed to their identity a new centrality of reservation lands. The period also saw their autonomy and sovereignty curtailed by a colonially imposed... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5057900" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The nineteenth century was a time in which the Mashantucket and Eastern Pequots committed to their identity a new centrality of reservation lands. The period also saw their autonomy and sovereignty curtailed by a colonially imposed overseer system.  With the granting of reservation lands the colony of Connecticut also assigned each tribe with a white male caretaker with the paternalistic duty of managing their financial and subsistence wellbeing.  Through an analysis of their daily recordings this paper seeks to explore the extent to which the services of two such overseers were utilized by reservation occupants.  <br /> <br />The results of this research reveal two groups who shared similarities but also differed in their approach to subsistence and in their daily mitigations of reservation life.  Further analysis offers evidence for a critique of our ability as historians and archaeologists to essentialize either group into a cohesive “tribe” at all, as interfamily variation at both reservations seems to contradict patterns garnered from the communities at large.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5057900" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="99ab549b2d2c0c51cb264788a69a88e1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32284699,"asset_id":5057900,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32284699/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1129721" href="https://southernct.academia.edu/WilliamFarley">William Farley</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1129721" type="text/json">{"id":1129721,"first_name":"William","last_name":"Farley","domain_name":"southernct","page_name":"WilliamFarley","display_name":"William Farley","profile_url":"https://southernct.academia.edu/WilliamFarley?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1129721/395856/29591869/s65_william.farley.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5057900 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5057900"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5057900, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5057900", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_5057900 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5057900; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_5057900"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_5057900 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5057900"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5057900; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5057900]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5057900").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5057900").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5057900"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="299" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Studies">Native American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="299" type="text/json">{"id":299,"name":"Native American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5057900]'), work: {"id":5057900,"title":"A Comparison of Mashantucket and Eastern Pequot Overseer Use in the Years 1829 to 1833","created_at":"2013-11-10T23:12:38.287-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5057900/A_Comparison_of_Mashantucket_and_Eastern_Pequot_Overseer_Use_in_the_Years_1829_to_1833?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_5057900","summary":"The nineteenth century was a time in which the Mashantucket and Eastern Pequots committed to their identity a new centrality of reservation lands. The period also saw their autonomy and sovereignty curtailed by a colonially imposed overseer system. With the granting of reservation lands the colony of Connecticut also assigned each tribe with a white male caretaker with the paternalistic duty of managing their financial and subsistence wellbeing. Through an analysis of their daily recordings this paper seeks to explore the extent to which the services of two such overseers were utilized by reservation occupants. \r\n\r\nThe results of this research reveal two groups who shared similarities but also differed in their approach to subsistence and in their daily mitigations of reservation life. Further analysis offers evidence for a critique of our ability as historians and archaeologists to essentialize either group into a cohesive “tribe” at all, as interfamily variation at both reservations seems to contradict patterns garnered from the communities at large.\r\n\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32284699,"asset_id":5057900,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1129721,"first_name":"William","last_name":"Farley","domain_name":"southernct","page_name":"WilliamFarley","display_name":"William Farley","profile_url":"https://southernct.academia.edu/WilliamFarley?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1129721/395856/29591869/s65_william.farley.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":299,"name":"Native American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":958,"name":"Historical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Archaeology?f_ri=139"},{"id":5346,"name":"Archaeological Method \u0026 Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Method_and_Theory?f_ri=139"},{"id":18821,"name":"Archaeological Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Theory?f_ri=139"},{"id":19332,"name":"19th Century (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/19th_Century_History_?f_ri=139"},{"id":22059,"name":"Household Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Household_Archaeology?f_ri=139"},{"id":26920,"name":"Subsistence systems (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Subsistence_systems_Archaeology_?f_ri=139"},{"id":36600,"name":"Native American (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_History_?f_ri=139"},{"id":39596,"name":"New England (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_England_History_?f_ri=139"},{"id":102220,"name":"Subsistence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Subsistence?f_ri=139"},{"id":109564,"name":"New England Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_England_Archaeology?f_ri=139"},{"id":111243,"name":"Connecticut Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Connecticut_Archaeology?f_ri=139"},{"id":127331,"name":"Connecticut History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Connecticut_History?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30532919" data-work_id="30532919" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30532919/A_sacred_light_in_the_darkness_Winter_solstice_illuminations_at_Spanish_missions_2016_">A sacred light in the darkness: Winter solstice illuminations at Spanish missions [2016]</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">On Wednesday, Dec. 21, nations in the Northern Hemisphere will mark the winter solstice – the shortest day and longest night of the year. For thousands of years people have marked this event with rituals and celebrations to signal the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30532919" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">On Wednesday, Dec. 21, nations in the Northern Hemisphere will mark the winter solstice – the shortest day and longest night of the year. For thousands of years people have marked this event with rituals and celebrations to signal the rebirth of the sun and its victory over darkness.<br /><br />At hundreds, and perhaps thousands, of missions stretching from northern California to Peru, the winter solstice sun triggers an extraordinarily rare and fascinating event – something that I discovered by accident and first documented in one California church nearly 20 years ago.  See article at On Wednesday, Dec. 21, nations in the Northern Hemisphere will mark the winter solstice – the shortest day and longest night of the year. For thousands of years people have marked this event with rituals and celebrations to signal the rebirth of the sun and its victory over darkness. See link to online magazine at <a href="https://theconversation.com/a-sacred-light-in-the-darkness-winter-solstice-illuminations-at-spanish-missions-70250" rel="nofollow">https://theconversation.com/a-sacred-light-in-the-darkness-winter-solstice-illuminations-at-spanish-missions-70250</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30532919" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9bab0fd51b55b998af18cc0954445873" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50976206,"asset_id":30532919,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50976206/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="83825" href="https://csumb.academia.edu/RubenGMendoza">Ruben G Mendoza</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="83825" type="text/json">{"id":83825,"first_name":"Ruben G","last_name":"Mendoza","domain_name":"csumb","page_name":"RubenGMendoza","display_name":"Ruben G Mendoza","profile_url":"https://csumb.academia.edu/RubenGMendoza?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/83825/23353/11467106/s65_ruben_g.mendoza.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30532919 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30532919"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30532919, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30532919", }); 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For thousands of years people have marked this event with rituals and celebrations to signal the rebirth of the sun and its victory over darkness.\n\nAt hundreds, and perhaps thousands, of missions stretching from northern California to Peru, the winter solstice sun triggers an extraordinarily rare and fascinating event – something that I discovered by accident and first documented in one California church nearly 20 years ago. See article at On Wednesday, Dec. 21, nations in the Northern Hemisphere will mark the winter solstice – the shortest day and longest night of the year. For thousands of years people have marked this event with rituals and celebrations to signal the rebirth of the sun and its victory over darkness. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/43385640/Di%C3%A1spora_y_migraciones_de_grupos_ind%C3%ADgenas_de_Brasil_Central_de_1700_a_1900_AD_">Diáspora y migraciones de grupos indígenas de Brasil Central (de 1700 a 1900 AD)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Presenta los resultados finales de nuestra investigación de maestría, que ubicó pueblos indígenas que habitaron la Meseta Central de Brazil (desde el año de 1700 AD), y por lo tanto una parte de la sabana, antes de la invasión... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43385640" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Presenta los resultados finales de nuestra investigación de maestría, que ubicó pueblos indígenas que habitaron la Meseta Central de Brazil (desde el año de 1700 AD), y por lo tanto una parte de la sabana, antes de la invasión luso-brasileña hasta el año de 1900 AD. La metodología se basa en la antropogeografía de Ratzel (1909), con el apoyo de la etnohistoria y asesoramiento de la cartografía. Fue utilizado como base el mapa etno-historico de Curt Nimuendaju que presenta un "vacío" etnográfico en esta zona. Es aclarado un problema que es la insuficiencia de información cartográfica sobre quien eran y dónde estaban los pueblos indígenas del Brasil Central, sobre todo en un polígono que abarca el noroeste y oeste del Estado de Minas Gerais, en todo el Estado de Goiás, extremo noreste de Mato Grosso y sudoeste de Pará, gran parte del Estado de Tocantins, la región sur de Maranhão y Piauí, y Bahía occidental. Fue utilizado varios productos cartográficos como el mapa etnolingüístico del Čestmír Loukotka y mapas históricos disponibles en archivos públicos en Brasil y Portugal. También es realizado un mapeo inédito de la ubicación de los grupos étnicos enumerados en el histórico de la base de datos IBGE ciudades. Ademas, es recopilado desde esta fuente las fechas de colonización y fundación de pueblos y ciudades, para ilustrar el progreso Luso-Brasileño en el territorio indígena, así como el despliegue de los asentamientos por parte del Estado. Las conclusiones son que hubó por lo menos 200 grupos étnicos en la meseta central del Brasil y las zonas adyacentes, añadindo 88 a los 112 que figuran en el mapa de Nimuendaju. Por medio de mapas es ilustrado la dinámica de ocupación indígena, con las migraciones, las diásporas y las desapariciones de decenas de estos grupos étnicos. La contribución de este trabajo consiste en fortalecer la territorialidad indígena en la historia del país, especialmente en el centro de Brasil. Los resultados pueden ilustrar libros de texto y el contenido pedagógico de la historia y de la geografía, de acuerdo con la Ley 11.645/08 del país. También pueden colaborar en los estudios sobre el origen étnica de las zonas rurales de Brasil. En general, hay al menos dos comunidades indí-genas emergentes, los Aricobé y los Xakriabá, es posible que tienga restos de otras comunidades, especialmente los Akroá, Cayapó y Guegue. La continuacion de esta investigación será presentada el la ponencia: "Reductos y refugios bioculturales en las fronteras de la globalización: sociobioterritorialidades en el este de Sudamerica durante y después de las invasiones europeas" en el EGAL 2019."</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43385640" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3867b11826d9938691831ceac1cd3aa4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63680500,"asset_id":43385640,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63680500/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1258041" href="https://usp-br.academia.edu/RodrigoSantos4">Rodrigo M Santos</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1258041" type="text/json">{"id":1258041,"first_name":"Rodrigo","last_name":"Santos","domain_name":"usp-br","page_name":"RodrigoSantos4","display_name":"Rodrigo M Santos","profile_url":"https://usp-br.academia.edu/RodrigoSantos4?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1258041/459975/576088/s65_rodrigo.martins.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43385640 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43385640"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43385640, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43385640", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43385640]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43385640").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43385640").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43385640"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="271" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Geography">Population Geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="271" type="text/json">{"id":271,"name":"Population Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Geography?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="120764" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropogeography">Anthropogeography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="120764" type="text/json">{"id":120764,"name":"Anthropogeography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropogeography?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="350585" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pueblos_ind%C3%ADgenas">Pueblos indígenas</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="350585" type="text/json">{"id":350585,"name":"Pueblos indígenas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pueblos_ind%C3%ADgenas?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43385640]'), work: {"id":43385640,"title":"Diáspora y migraciones de grupos indígenas de Brasil Central (de 1700 a 1900 AD)","created_at":"2020-06-19T08:23:00.170-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43385640/Di%C3%A1spora_y_migraciones_de_grupos_ind%C3%ADgenas_de_Brasil_Central_de_1700_a_1900_AD_?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_43385640","summary":"Presenta los resultados finales de nuestra investigación de maestría, que ubicó pueblos indígenas que habitaron la Meseta Central de Brazil (desde el año de 1700 AD), y por lo tanto una parte de la sabana, antes de la invasión luso-brasileña hasta el año de 1900 AD. La metodología se basa en la antropogeografía de Ratzel (1909), con el apoyo de la etnohistoria y asesoramiento de la cartografía. Fue utilizado como base el mapa etno-historico de Curt Nimuendaju que presenta un \"vacío\" etnográfico en esta zona. Es aclarado un problema que es la insuficiencia de información cartográfica sobre quien eran y dónde estaban los pueblos indígenas del Brasil Central, sobre todo en un polígono que abarca el noroeste y oeste del Estado de Minas Gerais, en todo el Estado de Goiás, extremo noreste de Mato Grosso y sudoeste de Pará, gran parte del Estado de Tocantins, la región sur de Maranhão y Piauí, y Bahía occidental. Fue utilizado varios productos cartográficos como el mapa etnolingüístico del Čestmír Loukotka y mapas históricos disponibles en archivos públicos en Brasil y Portugal. También es realizado un mapeo inédito de la ubicación de los grupos étnicos enumerados en el histórico de la base de datos IBGE ciudades. Ademas, es recopilado desde esta fuente las fechas de colonización y fundación de pueblos y ciudades, para ilustrar el progreso Luso-Brasileño en el territorio indígena, así como el despliegue de los asentamientos por parte del Estado. Las conclusiones son que hubó por lo menos 200 grupos étnicos en la meseta central del Brasil y las zonas adyacentes, añadindo 88 a los 112 que figuran en el mapa de Nimuendaju. Por medio de mapas es ilustrado la dinámica de ocupación indígena, con las migraciones, las diásporas y las desapariciones de decenas de estos grupos étnicos. La contribución de este trabajo consiste en fortalecer la territorialidad indígena en la historia del país, especialmente en el centro de Brasil. Los resultados pueden ilustrar libros de texto y el contenido pedagógico de la historia y de la geografía, de acuerdo con la Ley 11.645/08 del país. También pueden colaborar en los estudios sobre el origen étnica de las zonas rurales de Brasil. En general, hay al menos dos comunidades indí-genas emergentes, los Aricobé y los Xakriabá, es posible que tienga restos de otras comunidades, especialmente los Akroá, Cayapó y Guegue. La continuacion de esta investigación será presentada el la ponencia: \"Reductos y refugios bioculturales en las fronteras de la globalización: sociobioterritorialidades en el este de Sudamerica durante y después de las invasiones europeas\" en el EGAL 2019.\"","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63680500,"asset_id":43385640,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1258041,"first_name":"Rodrigo","last_name":"Santos","domain_name":"usp-br","page_name":"RodrigoSantos4","display_name":"Rodrigo M Santos","profile_url":"https://usp-br.academia.edu/RodrigoSantos4?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1258041/459975/576088/s65_rodrigo.martins.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":271,"name":"Population Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Geography?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":120764,"name":"Anthropogeography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropogeography?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":350585,"name":"Pueblos indígenas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pueblos_ind%C3%ADgenas?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":464946,"name":"Central Brazil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Central_Brazil?f_ri=139"},{"id":3687385,"name":"Cartografia Etnolinguística","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cartografia_Etnolingu%C3%ADstica?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48446642" data-work_id="48446642" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48446642/Dead_Voices_Natural_Agonies_in_the_New_World">Dead Voices: Natural Agonies in the New World</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48446642" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="63c85fa14b71a5db8f48dffa6e0286f9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67053567,"asset_id":48446642,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67053567/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2687316" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KathrynMilun">Kathryn Milun</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2687316" type="text/json">{"id":2687316,"first_name":"Kathryn","last_name":"Milun","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KathrynMilun","display_name":"Kathryn Milun","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KathrynMilun?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2687316/9762611/125054775/s65_kathryn.milun.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48446642 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48446642"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48446642, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48446642", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_48446642 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48446642; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_48446642"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_48446642 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48446642"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48446642; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48446642]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48446642").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48446642").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48446642"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="52408" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_studies">Literary studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="52408" type="text/json">{"id":52408,"name":"Literary studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="123744" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies">Language Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="123744" type="text/json">{"id":123744,"name":"Language Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48446642]'), work: {"id":48446642,"title":"Dead Voices: Natural Agonies in the New World","created_at":"2021-05-04T18:58:55.255-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48446642/Dead_Voices_Natural_Agonies_in_the_New_World?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_48446642","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67053567,"asset_id":48446642,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2687316,"first_name":"Kathryn","last_name":"Milun","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KathrynMilun","display_name":"Kathryn Milun","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KathrynMilun?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2687316/9762611/125054775/s65_kathryn.milun.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":52408,"name":"Literary studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":123744,"name":"Language Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9921339" data-work_id="9921339" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9921339/Maya_Resistance_to_Spanish_Rule_Time_and_History_on_a_Colonial_Frontier_GRANT_D_JONES">Maya Resistance to Spanish Rule: Time and History on a Colonial Frontier . GRANT D. JONES</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9921339" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="23a0e3f7de123dcddc1394d1db5737c2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44863883,"asset_id":9921339,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44863883/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24093813" href="https://posgrado-unicach.academia.edu/JanRus">Jan Rus</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24093813" type="text/json">{"id":24093813,"first_name":"Jan","last_name":"Rus","domain_name":"posgrado-unicach","page_name":"JanRus","display_name":"Jan Rus","profile_url":"https://posgrado-unicach.academia.edu/JanRus?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24093813/18529079/79936353/s65_jan.rus.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9921339 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9921339"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9921339, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9921339", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9921339 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9921339; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9921339"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9921339 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9921339"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9921339; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9921339]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9921339").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9921339").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9921339"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="188" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies">Cultural Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="188" type="text/json">{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9921339]'), work: {"id":9921339,"title":"Maya Resistance to Spanish Rule: Time and History on a Colonial Frontier . GRANT D. JONES","created_at":"2014-12-27T18:30:32.052-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9921339/Maya_Resistance_to_Spanish_Rule_Time_and_History_on_a_Colonial_Frontier_GRANT_D_JONES?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_9921339","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44863883,"asset_id":9921339,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24093813,"first_name":"Jan","last_name":"Rus","domain_name":"posgrado-unicach","page_name":"JanRus","display_name":"Jan Rus","profile_url":"https://posgrado-unicach.academia.edu/JanRus?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24093813/18529079/79936353/s65_jan.rus.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":34165,"name":"The Americas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Americas?f_ri=139"},{"id":43207,"name":"Field Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Field_Archaeology?f_ri=139"},{"id":102456,"name":"American antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_antiquity?f_ri=139"},{"id":123744,"name":"Language Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies?f_ri=139"},{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies?f_ri=139"},{"id":355899,"name":"American Ethnologist","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Ethnologist?f_ri=139"},{"id":1175278,"name":"Sixteenth Century","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sixteenth_Century?f_ri=139"},{"id":2403396,"name":"American Anthropologist","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Anthropologist?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44119574" data-work_id="44119574" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44119574/Remote_Sensing_Archaeology_Searching_for_Lake_Parime_from_Space">Remote Sensing Archaeology: Searching for Lake Parime from Space</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This research evaluates and discusses distinct types of data to propose the possible existence of an extinct lake which was reported by the chronicles and depicted on most South American maps from the end of the 16th century to the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44119574" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This research evaluates and discusses distinct types of data to propose the possible existence of an extinct lake which was reported by the chronicles and depicted on most South American maps from the end of the 16th century to the mid-19th century. The methodology and results derive from the analysis and combination of historical sources, indigenous oral traditions, geological and archaeological studies, digital elevation models (DEM) as well as aerial, and satellite remote sensing surveys performed by NASA's Shuttle Radar Topography Missions (SRTM), the Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) instrument, and the TanDEM-X synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors at the German Aerospace Center (DLR). In addition, an assemblage of artifacts discovered within the study area is also assessed and contrasted to the historical and the remote sensing results.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44119574" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e722dab57212181cdf425836bae43265" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64469546,"asset_id":44119574,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64469546/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="21139730" href="https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/AndrzejandMariaMagdalenaAntczak">Andrzej & Maria Magdalena Antczak</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="21139730" type="text/json">{"id":21139730,"first_name":"Andrzej \u0026 Maria Magdalena","last_name":"Antczak","domain_name":"leidenuniv","page_name":"AndrzejandMariaMagdalenaAntczak","display_name":"Andrzej \u0026 Maria Magdalena Antczak","profile_url":"https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/AndrzejandMariaMagdalenaAntczak?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21139730/5841056/6644880/s65_andrzej_maria_magdalena.antczak.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44119574 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44119574"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44119574, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44119574", }); 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These plaster-coated bark-paper pages,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7747066" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">One of four known ancient Maya books, the Grolier Codex depicts different manifestations of Venus; the column of glyphs on the left of each panel records days in a 104-year Venus almanac. These plaster-coated bark-paper pages, carbon-dated to the 13th century, represent only half of the 20-page original. This article is an excerpt of pages 98-99 from the March 1990 National Geographic Magazine article "America's Ancient Skywatchers" by John B. Carlson with a numbered photographic arrangement of the Grolier Codex depicting the author's discovery that Codex pages 10 and 11 are actually two parts of the same "page 10".  Carlson clarifies the identities of Venus deities depicted in the Grolier Codex from a comparison of images from the Cacaxtla murals and links the images of the Grolier Codex with ancient Maya astronomically timed ritual warfare and sacrifice. (Grolier Codex photographs: Enrico Ferorelli; Mural photograph: Bob Sacha) <br /> <br />This article has been posted on Academia.edu as part of the Grolier Codex Project of the Center for Archaeoastronomy under the directorship of John B. Carlson, Ph.D.  The Grolier Codex Project seeks to further advance the study of the Maya Grolier Codex.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7747066" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6d17da133ea608bc8526a826cda9f9bc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34265456,"asset_id":7747066,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34265456/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2267026" href="https://umd.academia.edu/JohnBCarlson">John B Carlson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2267026" type="text/json">{"id":2267026,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Carlson","domain_name":"umd","page_name":"JohnBCarlson","display_name":"John B Carlson","profile_url":"https://umd.academia.edu/JohnBCarlson?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2267026/2964703/3476006/s65_john_b..carlson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7747066 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7747066"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7747066, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7747066", }); 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Carlson, Ph.D. The Grolier Codex Project seeks to further advance the study of the Maya Grolier Codex. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/73532980/Southeast_Asian_Ethnohistory_through_Historical_Linguistics_and_Archaeology_Contributions_and_Limits_of_Lexical_Data">Southeast Asian Ethnohistory through Historical Linguistics and Archaeology -Contributions and Limits of Lexical Data</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This is a talk given to Friday Forum at the University of Wisconsin (Center for Southeast Asian Studies & the Department of Anthropology) on March 11, 2022. ANNOUNCEMENT: <a href="https://seasia.wisc.edu/event/friday-forum-mark-alves/" rel="nofollow">https://seasia.wisc.edu/event/friday-forum-mark-alves/</a> VIDEO:... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_73532980" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This is a talk given to Friday Forum at the University of Wisconsin (Center for Southeast Asian Studies & the Department of Anthropology) on March 11, 2022. <br />ANNOUNCEMENT: <a href="https://seasia.wisc.edu/event/friday-forum-mark-alves/" rel="nofollow">https://seasia.wisc.edu/event/friday-forum-mark-alves/</a> <br />VIDEO: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMcVK4pDvpE&list=PLljDPQLuUJQv4uL9_CEeabcHdjR6nuxOR&index=1&t=3037s" rel="nofollow">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMcVK4pDvpE&list=PLljDPQLuUJQv4uL9_CEeabcHdjR6nuxOR&index=1&t=3037s</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/73532980" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3ff6361dc1f4f2fcff4ffc9036169a1c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82075586,"asset_id":73532980,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82075586/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="223519" href="https://montgomerycollege.academia.edu/AlvesMark">Mark Alves</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="223519" type="text/json">{"id":223519,"first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Alves","domain_name":"montgomerycollege","page_name":"AlvesMark","display_name":"Mark Alves","profile_url":"https://montgomerycollege.academia.edu/AlvesMark?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/223519/2259170/31201522/s65_mark.alves.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_73532980 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="73532980"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 73532980, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_73532980", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=73532980]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_73532980").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_73532980").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="73532980"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1207" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics">Historical Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1207" type="text/json">{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2582" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interdisciplinarity">Interdisciplinarity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2582" type="text/json">{"id":2582,"name":"Interdisciplinarity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interdisciplinarity?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13299" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southeast_Asian_Archaeology">Southeast Asian Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13299" type="text/json">{"id":13299,"name":"Southeast Asian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southeast_Asian_Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=73532980]'), work: {"id":73532980,"title":"Southeast Asian Ethnohistory through Historical Linguistics and Archaeology -Contributions and Limits of Lexical Data","created_at":"2022-03-11T04:22:03.307-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/73532980/Southeast_Asian_Ethnohistory_through_Historical_Linguistics_and_Archaeology_Contributions_and_Limits_of_Lexical_Data?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_73532980","summary":"This is a talk given to Friday Forum at the University of Wisconsin (Center for Southeast Asian Studies \u0026 the Department of Anthropology) on March 11, 2022.\r\nANNOUNCEMENT: https://seasia.wisc.edu/event/friday-forum-mark-alves/\r\nVIDEO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMcVK4pDvpE\u0026list=PLljDPQLuUJQv4uL9_CEeabcHdjR6nuxOR\u0026index=1\u0026t=3037s\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82075586,"asset_id":73532980,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":223519,"first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Alves","domain_name":"montgomerycollege","page_name":"AlvesMark","display_name":"Mark Alves","profile_url":"https://montgomerycollege.academia.edu/AlvesMark?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/223519/2259170/31201522/s65_mark.alves.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":2582,"name":"Interdisciplinarity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interdisciplinarity?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":13299,"name":"Southeast Asian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southeast_Asian_Archaeology?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":17401,"name":"Southeast Asian Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southeast_Asian_Linguistics?f_ri=139"},{"id":1205504,"name":"Southeast Asian Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southeast_Asian_Ethnohistory?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17108810" data-work_id="17108810" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17108810/De_la_una_y_otra_banda_del_r%C3%ADo_Paraguay_Historia_y_etnograf%C3%ADa_de_los_itatines_siglos_XVI_XVIII_">De la una y otra banda del río Paraguay. Historia y etnografía de los itatines (siglos XVI-XVIII)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Hacer la historia de un pueblo indígena americano significa casi siempre de-construir las historias oficiales, sea porque en ellas se ignoran o subestiman los hechos protagonizados por indígenas, porque en ellas preponderan la visión de... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17108810" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Hacer la historia de un pueblo indígena americano significa casi siempre de-construir las historias oficiales, sea porque en ellas se ignoran o subestiman los hechos protagonizados por indígenas, porque en ellas preponderan la visión de las élites locales y de las de ultramar, o porque en ellas los Estados suelen proyectarse como grandezas de larga duración a partir de las cuales se cuentan los hechos considerados memorables y de relevancia nacional. Al abrir brechas en ese imaginario, la historia indígena da voz y rostro a otros actores sociales y protagonistas históricos […] Isabelle Combès nos ofrece la oportunidad de acompañar esa complejidad histórico-cultural en el corazón de la América del Sur. Su trabajo nos ayuda a comprender esta región, más allá de la geopolítica que la dividió entre Bolivia, Brasil y Paraguay, como una verdadera área cultural, como zona de intensos vaivenes, intercambios y alianzas indígenas antes y después de la colonización. En términos más estrictos, este libro nos ayuda a (re)establecer tres relaciones: entre el pueblo guarayo de Bolivia y los kaiowás de Brasil y los paĩ-tavyterã de Paraguay; entre la historia de estos tres grupos y la historia itatín, nombre bajo el cual ellos aparecen durante toda su historia antigua y parte de su historia colonial; entre la historia de los itatines occidentales y la de los orientales. El libro reúne esas mitades […] el libro de Isabelle viene a llenar un vacío en la bibliografía histórica de los pueblos indígenas del centro de la América del Sur y lanza las bases para futuras investigaciones.<br /><br />Extracto del prólogo de Graciela Chamorro</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17108810" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a6c19d6621f1a1f4f4d282541ba0d231" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39340074,"asset_id":17108810,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39340074/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31482067" href="https://ifeanet.academia.edu/IsabelleComb%C3%A8s">Isabelle Combès</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31482067" type="text/json">{"id":31482067,"first_name":"Isabelle","last_name":"Combès","domain_name":"ifeanet","page_name":"IsabelleCombès","display_name":"Isabelle Combès","profile_url":"https://ifeanet.academia.edu/IsabelleComb%C3%A8s?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31482067/9477864/18831714/s65_isabelle.comb_s.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17108810 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17108810"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17108810, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17108810", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17108810]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17108810").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17108810").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17108810"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory">Ethnohistory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139" type="text/json">{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43184" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Etnohistoria">Etnohistoria</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="43184" type="text/json">{"id":43184,"name":"Etnohistoria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Etnohistoria?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="169964" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_de_los_pueblos_indigenas">Historia de los pueblos indígenas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="169964" type="text/json">{"id":169964,"name":"Historia de los pueblos indígenas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_de_los_pueblos_indigenas?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="212619" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Etnog%C3%A9nesis">Etnogénesis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="212619" type="text/json">{"id":212619,"name":"Etnogénesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Etnog%C3%A9nesis?f_ri=139","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17108810]'), work: {"id":17108810,"title":"De la una y otra banda del río Paraguay. Historia y etnografía de los itatines (siglos XVI-XVIII)","created_at":"2015-10-21T07:14:02.614-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17108810/De_la_una_y_otra_banda_del_r%C3%ADo_Paraguay_Historia_y_etnograf%C3%ADa_de_los_itatines_siglos_XVI_XVIII_?f_ri=139","dom_id":"work_17108810","summary":"Hacer la historia de un pueblo indígena americano significa casi siempre de-construir las historias oficiales, sea porque en ellas se ignoran o subestiman los hechos protagonizados por indígenas, porque en ellas preponderan la visión de las élites locales y de las de ultramar, o porque en ellas los Estados suelen proyectarse como grandezas de larga duración a partir de las cuales se cuentan los hechos considerados memorables y de relevancia nacional. Al abrir brechas en ese imaginario, la historia indígena da voz y rostro a otros actores sociales y protagonistas históricos […] Isabelle Combès nos ofrece la oportunidad de acompañar esa complejidad histórico-cultural en el corazón de la América del Sur. Su trabajo nos ayuda a comprender esta región, más allá de la geopolítica que la dividió entre Bolivia, Brasil y Paraguay, como una verdadera área cultural, como zona de intensos vaivenes, intercambios y alianzas indígenas antes y después de la colonización. En términos más estrictos, este libro nos ayuda a (re)establecer tres relaciones: entre el pueblo guarayo de Bolivia y los kaiowás de Brasil y los paĩ-tavyterã de Paraguay; entre la historia de estos tres grupos y la historia itatín, nombre bajo el cual ellos aparecen durante toda su historia antigua y parte de su historia colonial; entre la historia de los itatines occidentales y la de los orientales. El libro reúne esas mitades […] el libro de Isabelle viene a llenar un vacío en la bibliografía histórica de los pueblos indígenas del centro de la América del Sur y lanza las bases para futuras investigaciones.\n\nExtracto del prólogo de Graciela Chamorro\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39340074,"asset_id":17108810,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31482067,"first_name":"Isabelle","last_name":"Combès","domain_name":"ifeanet","page_name":"IsabelleCombès","display_name":"Isabelle Combès","profile_url":"https://ifeanet.academia.edu/IsabelleComb%C3%A8s?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31482067/9477864/18831714/s65_isabelle.comb_s.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":43184,"name":"Etnohistoria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Etnohistoria?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":169964,"name":"Historia de los pueblos indígenas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_de_los_pueblos_indigenas?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":212619,"name":"Etnogénesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Etnog%C3%A9nesis?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":527849,"name":"Pantanal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pantanal?f_ri=139"},{"id":740867,"name":"Guarani-Kaiowá","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Guarani-Kaiowa?f_ri=139"},{"id":848158,"name":"Misiones Jesuíticas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Misiones_Jesu%C3%ADticas?f_ri=139"},{"id":991214,"name":"Guarayos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Guarayos?f_ri=139"},{"id":1004367,"name":"Etnogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Etnogenesis?f_ri=139"},{"id":1158968,"name":"Mato Grosso Do Sul","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mato_Grosso_Do_Sul?f_ri=139"},{"id":1261081,"name":"Bandeiras","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bandeiras?f_ri=139"},{"id":2188928,"name":"Itatines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Itatines?f_ri=139"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_711749" data-work_id="711749" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/711749/The_ecological_Indian_myth_and_history">The ecological Indian: myth and history</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/711749" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3bacf1755d523771eb45eb38fc064c90" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":4028149,"asset_id":711749,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/4028149/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="152415" href="https://chicago.academia.edu/RaymondDFogelson">Raymond DFogelson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="152415" type="text/json">{"id":152415,"first_name":"Raymond","last_name":"DFogelson","domain_name":"chicago","page_name":"RaymondDFogelson","display_name":"Raymond DFogelson","profile_url":"https://chicago.academia.edu/RaymondDFogelson?f_ri=139","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_711749 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="711749"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 711749, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_711749", }); 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Reconstitution et analyse d'une source perdue fondamentale sur la civilisation aztèque" (British Archaeological Reports - International Series, 1630). Oxford, Archaeopress, 2007. 602 p.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12022657" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="017aa320c042937e0929deff3caa0cc7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57282957,"asset_id":12022657,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57282957/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="138646" href="https://ulb.academia.edu/SylviePeperstraete">Sylvie Peperstraete</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="138646" type="text/json">{"id":138646,"first_name":"Sylvie","last_name":"Peperstraete","domain_name":"ulb","page_name":"SylviePeperstraete","display_name":"Sylvie Peperstraete","profile_url":"https://ulb.academia.edu/SylviePeperstraete?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/138646/8633645/20053339/s65_sylvie.peperstraete.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12022657 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12022657"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12022657, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12022657", }); 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href="https://www.academia.edu/9961940/DUIN_2014_Historical_complexity_of_myth_in_search_of_the_genesis_of_the_whip_dance_whereby_Wayana_dance_in_imitation_of_Tamok_Eastern_Guiana_Highlands_">DUIN (2014) Historical complexity of myth: in search of the genesis of the whip-dance whereby Wayana dance in imitation of Tamok (Eastern Guiana Highlands)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article discusses the conditions of the genesis of the nineteenth century Wayana whip-dance, aiming for what Terence Turner coined “ethno-ethnohistory”, through the method of Neil Whitehead’s “ethnography of historical... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9961940" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article discusses the conditions of the genesis of the nineteenth century Wayana whip-dance, aiming for what Terence Turner coined “ethno-ethnohistory”, through the method of Neil Whitehead’s “ethnography of historical consciousness”. This study outlines an indigenous historical consciousness of the social present in Guiana as related to events from the past, by means of the entanglement of things, places, and people related to this whip-dance ritual. The article discusses the Eastern Guiana whip-dance as a social field of interaction in three regions and three time periods: (1) the Upper Maroni Basin (French Guiana and Suriname) in the early twenty-first century; (2) the Franco-Brazilian Contested area (today’s Brazilian Amapá) in the nineteenth century; and (3) a posited origin of this ‘mythstory’ at the Lower Amazon in the sixteenth century. Rather than conducting a study of a ‘lost tradition’, these three case-studies will provide insight into the process of how Wayana indigenous people have managed their histories of first contact in Guiana through ritual performance and the materialization of the evil spirit Tamok.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9961940" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="877c43d80934c9a717fe29e4d1c26a05" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36108867,"asset_id":9961940,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36108867/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTUwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="17327517" href="https://florida.academia.edu/RenzoDuin">Renzo Duin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="17327517" type="text/json">{"id":17327517,"first_name":"Renzo","last_name":"Duin","domain_name":"florida","page_name":"RenzoDuin","display_name":"Renzo Duin","profile_url":"https://florida.academia.edu/RenzoDuin?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/17327517/4804263/5532568/s65_renzo.duin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9961940 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9961940"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9961940, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9961940", }); 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This study outlines an indigenous historical consciousness of the social present in Guiana as related to events from the past, by means of the entanglement of things, places, and people related to this whip-dance ritual. The article discusses the Eastern Guiana whip-dance as a social field of interaction in three regions and three time periods: (1) the Upper Maroni Basin (French Guiana and Suriname) in the early twenty-first century; (2) the Franco-Brazilian Contested area (today’s Brazilian Amapá) in the nineteenth century; and (3) a posited origin of this ‘mythstory’ at the Lower Amazon in the sixteenth century. Rather than conducting a study of a ‘lost tradition’, these three case-studies will provide insight into the process of how Wayana indigenous people have managed their histories of first contact in Guiana through ritual performance and the materialization of the evil spirit Tamok.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36108867,"asset_id":9961940,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":17327517,"first_name":"Renzo","last_name":"Duin","domain_name":"florida","page_name":"RenzoDuin","display_name":"Renzo Duin","profile_url":"https://florida.academia.edu/RenzoDuin?f_ri=139","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/17327517/4804263/5532568/s65_renzo.duin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139,"name":"Ethnohistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnohistory?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":6337,"name":"Oral history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_history?f_ri=139","nofollow":false},{"id":7540,"name":"Oral 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