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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Military career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colonial_affairs_and_Korea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colonial_affairs_and_Korea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Colonial affairs and Korea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colonial_affairs_and_Korea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prime_minister" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prime_minister"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Prime minister</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prime_minister-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Books</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> 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<div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kuniaki Koiso</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 37 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D8%A3%D9%83%D9%8A_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%88" title="كوني-أكي كويسو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كوني-أكي كويسو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koiso_Kuniaki" title="Koiso Kuniaki – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Koiso Kuniaki" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koiso_Kuniaki" title="Koiso Kuniaki – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Koiso Kuniaki" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE" title="Куниаки Коисо – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Куниаки Коисо" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koiso_Kuniaki" title="Koiso Kuniaki – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Koiso Kuniaki" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A2%DA%A9%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%88" title="کونی‌آکی کوایسو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کونی‌آکی کوایسو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EC%9D%B4%EC%86%8C_%EA%B5%AC%EB%8B%88%EC%95%84%ED%82%A4" title="고이소 구니아키 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="고이소 구니아키" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%95" title="קוניאקי קויסו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קוניאקי קויסו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%89_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%88" title="كوني اكى كويسو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كوني اكى كويسو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E7%A3%AF%E5%9C%8B%E6%98%AD" title="小磯國昭 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="小磯國昭" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE,_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Коисо, Куниаки – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Коисо, Куниаки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4_%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B0" title="คูนิอากิ โคอิโซะ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คูนิอากิ โคอิโซะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%97%D1%81%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Коїсо Куніакі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Коїсо Куніакі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koiso_Kuniaki" title="Koiso Kuniaki – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Koiso Kuniaki" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Kuniaki Koiso" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E7%A3%AF%E5%9C%8B%E6%98%AD" title="小磯國昭 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="小磯國昭" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E7%9F%B6%E5%9B%BD%E6%98%AD" title="小矶国昭 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="小矶国昭" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q315549#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Kuniaki Koiso</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%; font-weight:bold;"><div class="nickname" lang="ja"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">小磯國昭</span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Kuniaki_Koiso_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Kuniaki_Koiso_2.jpg/220px-Kuniaki_Koiso_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Kuniaki_Koiso_2.jpg/330px-Kuniaki_Koiso_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Kuniaki_Koiso_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="417" data-file-height="556" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Koiso <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1940s</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">28th <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime Minister of Japan</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />22 July 1944 – 7 April 1945</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hirohito" title="Hirohito">Hirohito</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hideki_Tojo" title="Hideki Tojo">Hideki Tojo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kantar%C5%8D_Suzuki" title="Kantarō Suzuki">Kantarō Suzuki</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">9th <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Ch%C5%8Dsen" title="Governor-General of Chōsen">Governor-General of Korea</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />15 June 1942 – 22 July 1944</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data">Hirohito</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jir%C5%8D_Minami" title="Jirō Minami">Jirō Minami</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nobuyuki_Abe" title="Nobuyuki Abe">Nobuyuki Abe</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Colonial_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Colonial Affairs (Japan)">Minister of Colonial Affairs</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />16 January 1940 – 22 July 1940</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mitsumasa_Yonai" title="Mitsumasa Yonai">Mitsumasa Yonai</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tsuneo_Kanemitsu" title="Tsuneo Kanemitsu">Tsuneo Kanemitsu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Dsuke_Matsuoka" title="Yōsuke Matsuoka">Yōsuke Matsuoka</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />7 April 1939 – 30 August 1939</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hiranuma_Kiichir%C5%8D" title="Hiranuma Kiichirō">Kiichirō Hiranuma</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yoshiaki_Hatta" title="Yoshiaki Hatta">Yoshiaki Hatta</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Tsuneo Kanemitsu</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1880-03-22</span>)</span>22 March 1880<br /><a href="/wiki/Utsunomiya,_Tochigi" class="mw-redirect" title="Utsunomiya, Tochigi">Utsunomiya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Japan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">3 November 1950<span style="display:none">(1950-11-03)</span> (aged 70)<br /><a href="/wiki/Sugamo_Prison" title="Sugamo Prison">Sugamo Prison</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Japan" title="Occupation of Japan">Occupied Japan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Aoyama_Cemetery" title="Aoyama Cemetery">Aoyama Cemetery</a>, Tokyo, Japan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Rule_Assistance_Association" title="Imperial Rule Assistance Association">Imperial Rule Assistance Association</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other political<br />affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sakurakai" title="Sakurakai">Sakurakai</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Kaoriko Koiso</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army_Academy" title="Imperial Japanese Army Academy">Imperial Japanese Army Academy</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Army_War_College_(Japan)" title="Army War College (Japan)">Army War College</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Profession</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">Soldier</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:KoisoK_kao.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Kuniaki Koiso's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/KoisoK_kao.png/79px-KoisoK_kao.png" decoding="async" width="79" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/KoisoK_kao.png/118px-KoisoK_kao.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/KoisoK_kao.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="130" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Military service</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span data-sort-value="Japan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/43px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Japan</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branch/service</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/War_flag_of_the_Imperial_Japanese_Army_%281868%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-War_flag_of_the_Imperial_Japanese_Army_%281868%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/War_flag_of_the_Imperial_Japanese_Army_%281868%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-War_flag_of_the_Imperial_Japanese_Army_%281868%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/War_flag_of_the_Imperial_Japanese_Army_%281868%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-War_flag_of_the_Imperial_Japanese_Army_%281868%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army" title="Imperial Japanese Army">Imperial Japanese Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1900–1938</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D%E3%81%AE%E9%9A%8E%E7%B4%9A%E2%80%95%E8%A5%9F%E7%AB%A0%E2%80%95%E5%A4%A7%E5%B0%86.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D%E3%81%AE%E9%9A%8E%E7%B4%9A%E2%80%95%E8%A5%9F%E7%AB%A0%E2%80%95%E5%A4%A7%E5%B0%86.svg/35px-%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D%E3%81%AE%E9%9A%8E%E7%B4%9A%E2%80%95%E8%A5%9F%E7%AB%A0%E2%80%95%E5%A4%A7%E5%B0%86.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D%E3%81%AE%E9%9A%8E%E7%B4%9A%E2%80%95%E8%A5%9F%E7%AB%A0%E2%80%95%E5%A4%A7%E5%B0%86.svg/53px-%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D%E3%81%AE%E9%9A%8E%E7%B4%9A%E2%80%95%E8%A5%9F%E7%AB%A0%E2%80%95%E5%A4%A7%E5%B0%86.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D%E3%81%AE%E9%9A%8E%E7%B4%9A%E2%80%95%E8%A5%9F%E7%AB%A0%E2%80%95%E5%A4%A7%E5%B0%86.svg/70px-%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D%E3%81%AE%E9%9A%8E%E7%B4%9A%E2%80%95%E8%A5%9F%E7%AB%A0%E2%80%95%E5%A4%A7%E5%B0%86.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="184" data-file-height="76" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/General" class="mw-redirect" title="General">General</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commands</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Korean_Army" title="Japanese Korean Army">Japanese Korean Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volunteer_Fighting_Corps" title="Volunteer Fighting Corps">Volunteer Fighting Corps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kuniaki Koiso</b><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E7%A3%AF" class="extiw" title="wikt:小磯">小磯</a> <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%98%AD" class="extiw" title="wikt:國昭">國昭</a></span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Koiso Kuniaki</i></span>, 22 March 1880 – 3 November 1950)</span> was a Japanese politician, military leader and convicted <a href="/wiki/War_criminal" class="mw-redirect" title="War criminal">war criminal</a> who served as the 28th <a href="/wiki/Prime_minister_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime minister of Japan">prime minister of Japan</a> from 1944 to 1945 during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. He previously served as the ninth <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Ch%C5%8Dsen" title="Governor-General of Chōsen">governor-general of Korea</a> from 1942 to 1944. </p><p>After Japan's surrender in World War II, he was convicted of <a href="/wiki/Japanese_war_crimes" title="Japanese war crimes">war crimes</a> and sentenced to <a href="/wiki/Life_imprisonment" title="Life imprisonment">life imprisonment</a>. He died in prison in 1950. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuniaki_Koiso&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Koiso was born on March 22, 1880, in <a href="/wiki/Utsunomiya" title="Utsunomiya">Utsunomiya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tochigi_Prefecture" title="Tochigi Prefecture">Tochigi Prefecture</a>, the first son of <a href="/wiki/Chief_inspector" title="Chief inspector">chief inspector of police</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Shizoku" title="Shizoku">shizoku</a></i> (former <a href="/wiki/Samurai" title="Samurai">samurai</a>) Koiso Susumu.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He attended eight different schools, graduating from Yamagata Middle School (today Yamagata Prefectural Yamagata East High School). He was accepted as an officer candidate in 1898. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_career">Military career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuniaki_Koiso&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Military career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Koiso graduated from the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army_Academy" title="Imperial Japanese Army Academy">Imperial Japanese Army Academy</a> in 1900 and went on to attend the <a href="/wiki/Army_War_College_(Japan)" title="Army War College (Japan)">Army Staff College</a>. Commissioned a <a href="/wiki/2nd_Lieutenant" class="mw-redirect" title="2nd Lieutenant">2nd Lieutenant</a> in the 30th Infantry Regiment in June 1901, he was promoted to <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant" title="Lieutenant">Lieutenant</a> in November 1903. During the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Japanese_War" title="Russo-Japanese War">Russo-Japanese War</a>, he served as Battalion Adjutant in September 1904, Company Commander in March 1905 and was promoted to <a href="/wiki/Captain_(land)" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain (land)">captain</a> in June 1905. </p><p>In November 1910, Koiso graduated from the <a href="/wiki/Army_War_College_(Japan)" title="Army War College (Japan)">Army Staff College</a>, 33rd in a class of 55, and returned to the Imperial Japanese Army Academy as an instructor in December 1910. </p><p>Reassigned to the <a href="/wiki/Kwantung_Army" title="Kwantung Army">Kwantung Army</a> General Staff in September 1912, Koiso was promoted to <a href="/wiki/Major_(rank)" title="Major (rank)">major</a> and Battalion Commander of the 2d Infantry Regiment in August 1914. He returned to the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army_General_Staff" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Japanese Army General Staff">Imperial Japanese Army General Staff</a> Headquarters in June 1915, was promoted to <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_colonel" title="Lieutenant colonel">lieutenant colonel</a> in July 1918, and seconded to the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army_Air_Service" title="Imperial Japanese Army Air Service">Imperial Japanese Army Air Service</a> in July 1921. After his promotion to <a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">colonel</a> in February 1922, he was sent as a <a href="/wiki/Military_attach%C3%A9" title="Military attaché">military attaché</a> to Europe in June 1922, returning to assume command of the <a href="/wiki/IJA_51st_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="IJA 51st Division">IJA 51st Division</a> in August 1923. Returning to the Army General Staff in May 1925, he was promoted to <a href="/wiki/Major_general" title="Major general">major general</a> in December 1926 and <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">lieutenant general</a> in August 1931. </p><p>During the 1920s Koiso joined the relatively moderate <i><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dseiha" title="Tōseiha">Tōseiha</a></i> (Control Faction) led by General <a href="/wiki/Kazushige_Ugaki" title="Kazushige Ugaki">Kazushige Ugaki</a>, along with <a href="/wiki/Gen_Sugiyama" class="mw-redirect" title="Gen Sugiyama">Gen Sugiyama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yoshijir%C5%8D_Umezu" title="Yoshijirō Umezu">Yoshijirō Umezu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tetsuzan_Nagata" title="Tetsuzan Nagata">Tetsuzan Nagata</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hideki_T%C5%8Dj%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Hideki Tōjō">Hideki Tōjō</a> as opposed to the more radical <i><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dd%C5%8Dha" class="mw-redirect" title="Kōdōha">Kōdōha</a></i> (Action Faction) under <a href="/wiki/Sadao_Araki" title="Sadao Araki">Sadao Araki</a>. </p><p>In February 1932, Koiso became <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_War_(Japan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of War (Japan)">Vice-Minister of War</a> and in August 1932, concurrently <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_staff_(military)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief of staff (military)">Chief of Staff</a> of the Kwantung Army. In March 1934, he was transferred to command the <a href="/wiki/IJA_5th_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="IJA 5th Division">IJA 5th Division</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a>). He then assumed command of the <a href="/wiki/Chosen_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Chosen Army">Chōsen Army</a> in <a href="/wiki/Korea_under_Japanese_rule" title="Korea under Japanese rule">Korea</a> from December 1935. Promoted to full <a href="/wiki/General" class="mw-redirect" title="General">general</a> in November 1937, he joined the Army General Staff in July 1938. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Colonial_affairs_and_Korea">Colonial affairs and Korea</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuniaki_Koiso&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Colonial affairs and Korea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Korea_under_Japanese_rule" title="Korea under Japanese rule">Korea under Japanese rule</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kuniaki_koiso.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Kuniaki_koiso.jpg/175px-Kuniaki_koiso.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Kuniaki_koiso.jpg/263px-Kuniaki_koiso.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Kuniaki_koiso.jpg/350px-Kuniaki_koiso.jpg 2x" data-file-width="618" data-file-height="976" /></a><figcaption>Kuniaki Koiso as the Governor General of Korea</figcaption></figure> <p>Koiso left active duty in July 1938. From April to August 1939, he served in the cabinet of Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Hiranuma_Kiichir%C5%8D" title="Hiranuma Kiichirō">Hiranuma Kiichirō</a> as <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Colonial_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Colonial Affairs (Japan)">Minister of Colonial Affairs</a>. He returned to the same post again from January to July 1940 under the <a href="/wiki/Mitsumasa_Yonai" title="Mitsumasa Yonai">Yonai administration</a>. </p><p>Koiso was appointed <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor-General of Korea">Governor-General of Korea</a>, succeeding <a href="/wiki/Jir%C5%8D_Minami" title="Jirō Minami">Jirō Minami</a>, from May 1942 to 1944, during which time he gained the nickname "The Tiger of Korea" for his looks rather than his military prowess.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Koiso continued his predecessor's hardline policies, such as imposing the highly unpopular universal <a href="/wiki/Military_conscription" class="mw-redirect" title="Military conscription">military conscription</a> on Koreans, which forced them to fight for the Japanese, on August 1, 1943.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When news of <a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Day_of_Korea" title="National Liberation Day of Korea">Korean independence</a> reached him after the war, Koiso scoffed "the dream of Korean independence is as foolish as trying to plot the independence of <a href="/wiki/Kyushu" title="Kyushu">Kyushu</a> or <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a>."<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prime_minister">Prime minister</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuniaki_Koiso&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Prime minister"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Operation_Overlord" title="Operation Overlord">Allied landing in Normandy</a> (June 6) and the successful <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saipan" title="Battle of Saipan">capture of Saipan</a> (9 July), <a href="/wiki/Hideki_Tojo" title="Hideki Tojo">Hideki Tojo</a> resigned and a new cabinet was formed. In selecting a new <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">prime minister</a>, the elder statesmen narrowed the candidates down to three: <a href="/wiki/Hisaichi_Terauchi" title="Hisaichi Terauchi">Hisaichi Terauchi</a> (commander of the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Expeditionary_Army_Group" title="Southern Expeditionary Army Group">Southern Expeditionary Army Group</a>), <a href="/wiki/Shunroku_Hata" title="Shunroku Hata">Shunroku Hata</a> (commander of the <a href="/wiki/China_Expeditionary_Army" title="China Expeditionary Army">China Expeditionary Army</a>), and Koiso. </p><p>The Army strongly favored General <a href="/wiki/Hisaichi_Terauchi" title="Hisaichi Terauchi">Hisaichi Terauchi</a>; however, they could not afford to recall him to Japan from his role as commander-in-chief of all <a href="/wiki/Southern_Expeditionary_Army_Group" title="Southern Expeditionary Army Group">Japanese forces in Southeast Asia</a>. The civilian government, especially <a href="/wiki/Lord_Keeper_of_the_Privy_Seal_of_Japan" title="Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal of Japan">Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal</a> <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dichi_Kido" title="Kōichi Kido">Kōichi Kido</a> and former prime minister <a href="/wiki/Fumimaro_Konoe" title="Fumimaro Konoe">Fumimaro Konoe</a>, also did not favor Koiso, due to Koiso's previous involvement with the ultranationalist <i><a href="/wiki/Sakura_Kai" class="mw-redirect" title="Sakura Kai">Sakura Kai</a></i> and its attempted <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">coup d'état</a> against the government in 1931 (i.e. the "<a href="/wiki/March_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="March Incident">March Incident</a>"). These reservations were shared by the <a href="/wiki/Hirohito" title="Hirohito">Emperor</a> in his <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_(Japan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Council (Japan)">Privy Council</a> meetings. Koiso was supported by two former prime ministers, <a href="/wiki/Mitsumasa_Yonai" title="Mitsumasa Yonai">Mitsumasa Yonai</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hiranuma_Kiichir%C5%8D" title="Hiranuma Kiichirō">Hiranuma Kiichirō</a>, and as no consensus could be reached on a more suitable alternative, their arguments prevailed.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moreover, <a href="/wiki/Mitsumasa_Yonai" title="Mitsumasa Yonai">Mitsumasa Yonai</a> was appointed vice-prime minister as a way of dealing with strong objections to Koiso. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kuniaki_Koiso_Cabinet_19440722.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Kuniaki_Koiso_Cabinet_19440722.png/190px-Kuniaki_Koiso_Cabinet_19440722.png" decoding="async" width="190" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Kuniaki_Koiso_Cabinet_19440722.png/285px-Kuniaki_Koiso_Cabinet_19440722.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Kuniaki_Koiso_Cabinet_19440722.png/380px-Kuniaki_Koiso_Cabinet_19440722.png 2x" data-file-width="1314" data-file-height="940" /></a><figcaption>Kuniaki Koiso (third from left on front row) with his cabinet after being named prime minister</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Koiso_giving_Policy_Address_at_House_Chamber_1945.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Koiso_giving_Policy_Address_at_House_Chamber_1945.jpg/170px-Koiso_giving_Policy_Address_at_House_Chamber_1945.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Koiso_giving_Policy_Address_at_House_Chamber_1945.jpg/255px-Koiso_giving_Policy_Address_at_House_Chamber_1945.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Koiso_giving_Policy_Address_at_House_Chamber_1945.jpg 2x" data-file-width="328" data-file-height="481" /></a><figcaption>Koiso giving his administrative policy speech at the 86th <a href="/wiki/National_Diet" title="National Diet">Imperial Diet</a> in January 1945.</figcaption></figure> <p>Koiso attempted to end army-navy rivalry by creating a Supreme Chief of Staff (最高幕僚長), but this was structured to favor the army, thus bitter opposition from the navy doomed the plan. Instead, a Supreme War Guidance Council (最高戦争指導会議) was created (August 4, 1944 – August 22, 1945). Koiso was not taken seriously at Council meetings, where he was openly contradicted by Hata Hikosaburo. Within the top levels of the Imperial Army, rumors circulated that the Koiso Cabinet would only last two months (it lasted nine months). </p><p>Koiso's strategy for ending the war was to strike a hard blow against the American Army in the Philippines, forcing negotiations. However, the general entrusted with the defense of the Philippines, <a href="/wiki/Tomoyuki_Yamashita" title="Tomoyuki Yamashita">Tomoyuki Yamashita</a>, disagreed with the planners in the Southern Expeditionary Army. As such, the Army and Navy could not agree on a coordinated plan.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, the defenders were prepared to make considerable sacrifices when <a href="/wiki/Douglas_MacArthur" title="Douglas MacArthur">Douglas MacArthur</a> invaded <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leyte" title="Battle of Leyte">Leyte</a> on October 17, with the first <a href="/wiki/Kamikaze" title="Kamikaze">kamikaze</a> attack carried out on October 21, and the Japanese Navy losing four aircraft carriers and three battleships during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leyte_Gulf" title="Battle of Leyte Gulf">Battle of Leyte Gulf</a>. Although the strategy had failed, Koiso did not change his way of thinking. Late in 1944, Koiso still planned to send Prince <a href="/wiki/Fumimaro_Konoe" title="Fumimaro Konoe">Fumimaro Konoe</a> on a peace mission to neutral countries, <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, but it came to nothing. </p><p>During the remainder of Koiso's premiership in office, Japanese forces continued to suffer a string of defeats on all fronts at the hands of the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allies</a>. Also during his premiership, on 10 November 1944, <a href="/wiki/Wang_Jingwei" title="Wang Jingwei">Wang Jingwei</a> died of <a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">pneumonia</a> in a Japanese hospital in <a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a>, which effectively was the end of the <a href="/wiki/Reorganized_National_Government_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Reorganized National Government of China">Reorganized National Government of China</a> in northern China. For a time, Koiso considered making peace, but he could not find a solution that would appease both the Japanese military and the Allies. Left with little choice but to continue the war effort, Koiso tried to extend his power over the army by attempting to assume the position of War Minister concurrently with that of Prime Minister, but was unable to legally do so as he was on the reserve list. Koiso resigned in April 1945 when <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Okinawa" title="Battle of Okinawa">American forces invaded Okinawa</a> and his demands to be included in military decisions were rejected, the same date the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Navy" title="Imperial Japanese Navy">Imperial Japanese Navy</a> flagship <a href="/wiki/Japanese_battleship_Yamato" title="Japanese battleship Yamato"><i>Yamato</i></a> was sunk by American aircraft during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Ten-Go" title="Operation Ten-Go">Operation Ten-Go</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_career">Later career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuniaki_Koiso&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Later career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Koiso was an ardent supporter of <a href="/wiki/State_Shinto" title="State Shinto">State Shinto</a> along with <a href="/wiki/Heisuke_Yanagawa" title="Heisuke Yanagawa">Heisuke Yanagawa</a>, who directed the Government Imperial Aid Association. He restored the ancient sacred rites in the <a href="/wiki/Sukumo" class="mw-redirect" title="Sukumo">Sukumo</a> river, near <a href="/wiki/Hakone" title="Hakone">Hakone</a>, the "<a href="/wiki/Preliminary_Misogi_Rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Preliminary Misogi Rite">Preliminary Misogi Rite</a>". </p><p>After the end of World War II, Koiso was arrested by the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Commander_of_the_Allied_Powers" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers">Allied occupation powers</a> and tried by the <a href="/wiki/International_Military_Tribunal_for_the_Far_East" title="International Military Tribunal for the Far East">International Military Tribunal for the Far East</a> for <a href="/wiki/War_crimes" class="mw-redirect" title="War crimes">war crimes</a>. Upon conviction as a <a href="/wiki/Class-A_war_criminal" class="mw-redirect" title="Class-A war criminal">Class-A war criminal</a> on counts 1, 27, 29, 31, 32 and 55, he was given a sentence of <a href="/wiki/Life_imprisonment" title="Life imprisonment">life imprisonment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Tribunal specifically cited Koiso's decisive role in starting the wars against China and the Allies. "Furthermore, despite the fact that Kuniaki Koiso was not directly responsible for the war crimes committed by the Japanese Army, he took no measures to prevent them or to punish the perpetrators when, as Prime Minister, it was within his power to do so."<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Koiso died of <a href="/wiki/Esophageal_cancer" title="Esophageal cancer">esophageal cancer</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sugamo_Prison" title="Sugamo Prison">Sugamo Prison</a> in 1950. His grave is at the <a href="/wiki/Aoyama_Cemetery" title="Aoyama Cemetery">Aoyama Cemetery</a> in central Tokyo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honors">Honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuniaki_Koiso&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>From the corresponding article in the Japanese Wikipedia</i> </p> <ul><li>Grand Cordon of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Rising_Sun" title="Order of the Rising Sun">Order of the Rising Sun</a> (April 5, 1934)</li> <li>Grand Cordon of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Sacred_Treasure" title="Order of the Sacred Treasure">Order of the Sacred Treasure</a> (April 29, 1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Golden_Kite" title="Order of the Golden Kite">Order of the Golden Kite</a>, 2nd class (April 29, 1934)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuniaki_Koiso&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuniaki_Koiso&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFrank2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_B._Frank" title="Richard B. Frank">Frank, Richard B.</a> (2001). <i>Downfall: The End of the Imperial Japanese Empire</i>. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-100146-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-100146-1"><bdi>0-14-100146-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Downfall%3A+The+End+of+the+Imperial+Japanese+Empire&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-14-100146-1&rft.aulast=Frank&rft.aufirst=Richard+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKuniaki+Koiso" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaga2001" class="citation book cs1">Maga, Timothy P. (2001). <i>Judgment at Tokyo: The Japanese War Crimes Trials</i>. University Press of Kentucky. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8131-2177-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-8131-2177-9"><bdi>0-8131-2177-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Judgment+at+Tokyo%3A+The+Japanese+War+Crimes+Trials&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kentucky&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-8131-2177-9&rft.aulast=Maga&rft.aufirst=Timothy+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKuniaki+Koiso" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPratt2007" class="citation book cs1">Pratt, Keith (2007). <i>Everlasting Flower: A History of Korea</i>. Reaktion Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86189-335-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86189-335-2"><bdi>978-1-86189-335-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Everlasting+Flower%3A+A+History+of+Korea&rft.pub=Reaktion+Books&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-86189-335-2&rft.aulast=Pratt&rft.aufirst=Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKuniaki+Koiso" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToland2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Toland_(author)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Toland (author)">Toland, John</a> (2003). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rising_Sun:_The_Decline_and_Fall_of_the_Japanese_Empire,_1936%E2%80%931945" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rising Sun: The Decline and Fall of the Japanese Empire, 1936–1945">The Rising Sun: The Decline and Fall of the Japanese Empire, 1936–1945</a></i>. Modern Library. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8129-6858-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8129-6858-1"><bdi>0-8129-6858-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rising+Sun%3A+The+Decline+and+Fall+of+the+Japanese+Empire%2C+1936%E2%80%931945&rft.pub=Modern+Library&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-8129-6858-1&rft.aulast=Toland&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKuniaki+Koiso" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuniaki_Koiso&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHandō半藤一利2010" class="citation book cs1">Handō, Kazutoshi; 半藤一利 (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/500498531"><i>Rekidai Rikugun Taishō zenran. Shōwa hen. Manshū Jihen, Shina Jihenki</i></a>. Keiichi Yokoyama, Ikuhiko Hata, Takeshi Hara, 横山恵一, 秦郁彦, 原剛. 中央公論新社. No. 3720-4133. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-4-12-150337-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-4-12-150337-4"><bdi>978-4-12-150337-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/500498531">500498531</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rekidai+Rikugun+Taish%C5%8D+zenran.+Sh%C5%8Dwa+hen.+Mansh%C5%AB+Jihen%2C+Shina+Jihenki&rft.pages=No.+3720-4133&rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%85%AC%E8%AB%96%E6%96%B0%E7%A4%BE&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F500498531&rft.isbn=978-4-12-150337-4&rft.aulast=Hand%C5%8D&rft.aufirst=Kazutoshi&rft.au=%E5%8D%8A%E8%97%A4%E4%B8%80%E5%88%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F500498531&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKuniaki+Koiso" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/John_Toland_(author)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Toland (author)">Toland, John</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rising_Sun:_The_Decline_and_Fall_of_the_Japanese_Empire,_1936%E2%80%931945" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rising Sun: The Decline and Fall of the Japanese Empire, 1936–1945">The Rising Sun: The Decline and Fall of the Japanese Empire, 1936–1945</a></i>, page 529</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pratt, <i>Everlasting Flower</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTerasaki_Hidenari1995" class="citation book cs1">Terasaki Hidenari (1995). <i>昭和天皇独白録 Showa Tenno Dokuhakuroku</i>. <a href="/wiki/Bungeishunj%C5%AB" title="Bungeishunjū">Bungeishunjū</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/4167198037" title="Special:BookSources/4167198037"><bdi>4167198037</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E6%98%AD%E5%92%8C%E5%A4%A9%E7%9A%87%E7%8B%AC%E7%99%BD%E9%8C%B2+Showa+Tenno+Dokuhakuroku&rft.pub=Bungeishunj%C5%AB&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=4167198037&rft.au=Terasaki+Hidenari&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKuniaki+Koiso" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">『昭和天皇独白録』p.117</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frank, <i>Downfall: The End of the Imperial Japanese Empire</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maga, <i>Judgement at Tokyo</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120629231454/http://www.trial-ch.org/en/trial-watch/profile/db/legal-procedures/kuniaki_koiso_596.html">"Bedat"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trial-ch.org/en/trial-watch/profile/db/legal-procedures/kuniaki_koiso_596.html">the original</a> on June 29, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 8,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bedat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.trial-ch.org%2Fen%2Ftrial-watch%2Fprofile%2Fdb%2Flegal-procedures%2Fkuniaki_koiso_596.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKuniaki+Koiso" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuniaki_Koiso&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kuniaki_Koiso" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kuniaki Koiso">Kuniaki Koiso</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChen" class="citation web cs1">Chen, Peter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ww2db.com/person_bio.php?person_id=255">"Kuniaki Koiso"</a>. <i>WW2 Database</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WW2+Database&rft.atitle=Kuniaki+Koiso&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fww2db.com%2Fperson_bio.php%3Fperson_id%3D255&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKuniaki+Koiso" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBedat" class="citation web cs1">Bedat, J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120629231454/http://www.trial-ch.org/en/trial-watch/profile/db/legal-procedures/kuniaki_koiso_596.html">"Kuniaki Koiso"</a>. <i>Trial Watch</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trial-ch.org/en/trial-watch/profile/db/legal-procedures/kuniaki_koiso_596.html">the original</a> on June 29, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 8,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Trial+Watch&rft.atitle=Kuniaki+Koiso&rft.aulast=Bedat&rft.aufirst=J&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.trial-ch.org%2Fen%2Ftrial-watch%2Fprofile%2Fdb%2Flegal-procedures%2Fkuniaki_koiso_596.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKuniaki+Koiso" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClancy" class="citation web cs1">Clancy, Patrick. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/PTO/IMTFE/IMTFE-10.html">"HyperWar:IMTFE Judgement"</a>. <i>HyperWar Foundation</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HyperWar+Foundation&rft.atitle=HyperWar%3AIMTFE+Judgement&rft.aulast=Clancy&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibiblio.org%2Fhyperwar%2FPTO%2FIMTFE%2FIMTFE-10.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKuniaki+Koiso" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Yoshiaki_Hatta" title="Yoshiaki Hatta">Yoshiaki Hatta</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Colonial_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Colonial Affairs (Japan)">Minister of Colonial Affairs</a> </b><br />1939 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Tsuneo_Kanemitsu" title="Tsuneo Kanemitsu">Tsuneo Kanemitsu</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Tsuneo_Kanemitsu" title="Tsuneo Kanemitsu">Tsuneo Kanemitsu</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Colonial_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Colonial Affairs (Japan)">Minister of Colonial Affairs</a> </b><br />1940 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Dsuke_Matsuoka" title="Yōsuke Matsuoka">Yōsuke Matsuoka</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jir%C5%8D_Minami" title="Jirō Minami">Jirō Minami</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor-General of Korea">Governor General of Korea</a> </b><br />1942–1944 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Nobuyuki_Abe" title="Nobuyuki Abe">Nobuyuki Abe</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hideki_T%C5%8Dj%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Hideki Tōjō">Hideki Tōjō</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime Minister of Japan</a> </b><br />1944–1945 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Kantar%C5%8D_Suzuki" title="Kantarō Suzuki">Kantarō Suzuki</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div 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ministers of Japan</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Japan" title="List of prime ministers of Japan">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a> <br /> (1868–1947)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Meiji_era" title="Meiji era">Meiji era</a> <br /> (1868–1912)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/It%C5%8D_Hirobumi" title="Itō Hirobumi">H. Itō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuroda_Kiyotaka" title="Kuroda Kiyotaka">Kuroda</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sanj%C5%8D_Sanetomi" title="Sanjō Sanetomi">Sanjō</a> (caretaker)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamagata_Aritomo" title="Yamagata Aritomo">Yamagata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsukata_Masayoshi" title="Matsukata Masayoshi">Matsukata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/It%C5%8D_Hirobumi" title="Itō Hirobumi">H. Itō</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kuroda_Kiyotaka" title="Kuroda Kiyotaka">Kuroda</a> (acting)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsukata_Masayoshi" title="Matsukata Masayoshi">Matsukata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/It%C5%8D_Hirobumi" title="Itō Hirobumi">H. Itō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Ckuma_Shigenobu" title="Ōkuma Shigenobu">Ōkuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamagata_Aritomo" title="Yamagata Aritomo">Yamagata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/It%C5%8D_Hirobumi" title="Itō Hirobumi">H. Itō</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saionji_Kinmochi" title="Saionji Kinmochi">Saionji</a> (acting)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsura_Tar%C5%8D" title="Katsura Tarō">Katsura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saionji_Kinmochi" title="Saionji Kinmochi">Saionji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Taish%C5%8D_era" title="Taishō era">Taishō era</a> <br /> (1912–1926)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katsura_Tar%C5%8D" title="Katsura Tarō">Katsura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saionji_Kinmochi" title="Saionji Kinmochi">Saionji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsura_Tar%C5%8D" title="Katsura Tarō">Katsura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamamoto_Gonnohy%C5%8De" title="Yamamoto Gonnohyōe">Yamamoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Ckuma_Shigenobu" title="Ōkuma Shigenobu">Ōkuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terauchi_Masatake" title="Terauchi Masatake">Terauchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hara_Takashi" title="Hara Takashi">Hara</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Uchida_Kosai" class="mw-redirect" title="Uchida Kosai">Uchida</a> (acting)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takahashi_Korekiyo" title="Takahashi Korekiyo">Takahashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kat%C5%8D_Tomosabur%C5%8D" title="Katō Tomosaburō">To. Katō</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Uchida_Kosai" class="mw-redirect" title="Uchida Kosai">Uchida</a> (acting)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamamoto_Gonnohy%C5%8De" title="Yamamoto Gonnohyōe">Yamamoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiyoura_Keigo" title="Kiyoura Keigo">Kiyoura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kat%C5%8D_Takaaki" title="Katō Takaaki">Ta. Katō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakatsuki_Reijir%C5%8D" title="Wakatsuki Reijirō">Wakatsuki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dwa_era" title="Shōwa era">Shōwa era</a> <br /> (1926–1947)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tanaka_Giichi" title="Tanaka Giichi">G. Tanaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osachi_Hamaguchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Osachi Hamaguchi">Hamaguchi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kij%C5%ABr%C5%8D_Shidehara" title="Kijūrō Shidehara">Shidehara</a> (acting)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osachi_Hamaguchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Osachi Hamaguchi">Hamaguchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakatsuki_Reijir%C5%8D" title="Wakatsuki Reijirō">Wakatsuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inukai_Tsuyoshi" title="Inukai Tsuyoshi">Inukai</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Takahashi_Korekiyo" title="Takahashi Korekiyo">Takahashi</a> (acting)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sait%C5%8D_Makoto" title="Saitō Makoto">Saitō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keisuke_Okada" title="Keisuke Okada">Okada</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fumio_Got%C5%8D" title="Fumio Gotō">Gotō</a> (acting)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keisuke_Okada" title="Keisuke Okada">Okada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dki_Hirota" title="Kōki Hirota">Hirota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senj%C5%ABr%C5%8D_Hayashi" title="Senjūrō Hayashi">Hayashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fumimaro_Konoe" title="Fumimaro Konoe">Konoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiranuma_Kiichir%C5%8D" title="Hiranuma Kiichirō">Hiranuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobuyuki_Abe" title="Nobuyuki Abe">N. Abe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsumasa_Yonai" title="Mitsumasa Yonai">Yonai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fumimaro_Konoe" title="Fumimaro Konoe">Konoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hideki_Tojo" title="Hideki Tojo">Tōjō</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Koiso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kantar%C5%8D_Suzuki" title="Kantarō Suzuki">K. Suzuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Naruhiko_Higashikuni" title="Prince Naruhiko Higashikuni">Higashikuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kij%C5%ABr%C5%8D_Shidehara" title="Kijūrō Shidehara">Shidehara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida">Yoshida</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">State of Japan</a> <br /> (1947–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dwa_era" title="Shōwa era">Shōwa era</a> <br /> (1947–1989)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tetsu_Katayama" title="Tetsu Katayama">Katayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitoshi_Ashida" title="Hitoshi Ashida">Ashida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida">Yoshida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichir%C5%8D_Hatoyama" title="Ichirō Hatoyama">I. Hatoyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzan_Ishibashi" title="Tanzan Ishibashi">Ishibashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobusuke_Kishi" title="Nobusuke Kishi">Kishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayato_Ikeda" title="Hayato Ikeda">Ikeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisaku_Sat%C5%8D" title="Eisaku Satō">Satō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakuei_Tanaka" title="Kakuei Tanaka">K. Tanaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takeo_Miki" title="Takeo Miki">Miki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takeo_Fukuda" title="Takeo Fukuda">T. Fukuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masayoshi_%C5%8Chira" title="Masayoshi Ōhira">Ōhira</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Masayoshi_Ito" title="Masayoshi Ito">M. Itō</a> (acting)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenko_Suzuki" class="mw-redirect" title="Zenko Suzuki">Z. Suzuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasuhiro_Nakasone" title="Yasuhiro Nakasone">Nakasone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noboru_Takeshita" title="Noboru Takeshita">Takeshita</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Heisei_era" title="Heisei era">Heisei era</a> <br /> (1989–2019)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dsuke_Uno" title="Sōsuke Uno">Uno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiki_Kaifu" title="Toshiki Kaifu">Kaifu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiichi_Miyazawa" title="Kiichi Miyazawa">Miyazawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morihiro_Hosokawa" title="Morihiro Hosokawa">Hosokawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsutomu_Hata" title="Tsutomu Hata">Hata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomiichi_Murayama" title="Tomiichi Murayama">Murayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryutaro_Hashimoto" title="Ryutaro Hashimoto">Hashimoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keiz%C5%8D_Obuchi" title="Keizō Obuchi">Obuchi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mikio_Aoki" title="Mikio Aoki">Aoki</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoshir%C5%8D_Mori" title="Yoshirō Mori">Mori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junichiro_Koizumi" title="Junichiro Koizumi">Koizumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinzo_Abe" title="Shinzo Abe">S. Abe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasuo_Fukuda" title="Yasuo Fukuda">Y. Fukuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tar%C5%8D_As%C5%8D" title="Tarō Asō">Asō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukio_Hatoyama" title="Yukio Hatoyama">Y. Hatoyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naoto_Kan" title="Naoto Kan">Kan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoshihiko_Noda" title="Yoshihiko Noda">Noda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinzo_Abe" title="Shinzo Abe">S. Abe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Reiwa_era" title="Reiwa era">Reiwa era</a> <br /> (2019–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yoshihide_Suga" title="Yoshihide Suga">Suga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Kishida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Ishiba" title="Shigeru Ishiba">Ishiba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Prime_Ministers_of_Japan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Prime Ministers of Japan (page does not exist)">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Shōwa_Statism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sh%C5%8Dwa_nationalism" title="Template:Shōwa nationalism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sh%C5%8Dwa_nationalism" title="Template talk:Shōwa nationalism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sh%C5%8Dwa_nationalism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Shōwa nationalism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Shōwa_Statism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Statism_in_Sh%C5%8Dwa_Japan" title="Statism in Shōwa Japan">Shōwa Statism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Themes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bushido" title="Bushido">Bushido</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporatism" title="Corporatism">Corporatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emperor_system" title="Emperor system">Emperor system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">Fascism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gekokuj%C5%8D" title="Gekokujō">Gekokujō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hakk%C5%8D_ichiu" title="Hakkō ichiu">Hakkō ichiu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_militarism" title="Japanese militarism">Japanese militarism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kokutai" title="Kokutai">Kokutai</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Asianism" title="Pan-Asianism">Pan-Asianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Shinto" title="State Shinto">State Shinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statism" title="Statism">Statism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_capitalism" title="State capitalism">Capitalism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totalitarianism" title="Totalitarianism">Totalitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultranationalism_(Japan)" title="Ultranationalism (Japan)">Ultranationalism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yamato-damashii" title="Yamato-damashii">Yamato-damashii</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reform_bureaucrats" title="Reform bureaucrats">Reform bureaucratism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dwa_Restoration" title="Shōwa Restoration">Shōwa Restoration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Before 1945</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hirohito" title="Hirohito">Hirohito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadao_Araki" title="Sadao Araki">Sadao Araki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inejir%C5%8D_Asanuma" title="Inejirō Asanuma">Inejirō Asanuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanaka_Chigaku" title="Tanaka Chigaku">Tanaka Chigaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingoro_Hashimoto" title="Kingoro Hashimoto">Kingoro Hashimoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiranuma_Kiichir%C5%8D" title="Hiranuma Kiichirō">Kiichirō Hiranuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koki_Hirota" class="mw-redirect" title="Koki Hirota">Koki Hirota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nissh%C5%8D_Inoue" title="Nisshō Inoue">Nisshō Inoue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanji_Ishiwara" title="Kanji Ishiwara">Kanji Ishiwara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobusuke_Kishi" title="Nobusuke Kishi">Nobusuke Kishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikki_Kita" title="Ikki Kita">Ikki Kita</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kuniaki Koiso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fumimaro_Konoe" title="Fumimaro Konoe">Fumimaro Konoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinzabur%C5%8D_Masaki" title="Jinzaburō Masaki">Jinzaburō Masaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seig%C5%8D_Nakano" title="Seigō Nakano">Seigō Nakano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%ABmei_%C5%8Ckawa" title="Shūmei Ōkawa">Shūmei Ōkawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uesugi_Shinkichi" title="Uesugi Shinkichi">Uesugi Shinkichi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hideki_Tojo" title="Hideki Tojo">Hideki Tojo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masanobu_Tsuji" title="Masanobu Tsuji">Masanobu Tsuji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-war Japan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bin_Akao" title="Bin Akao">Bin Akao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukio_Mishima" title="Yukio Mishima">Yukio Mishima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otoya_Yamaguchi" title="Otoya Yamaguchi">Otoya Yamaguchi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subhas_Chandra_Bose" title="Subhas Chandra Bose">Subhas Chandra Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Chung_Hee" title="Park Chung Hee">Park Chung Hee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations and factions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Before 1945</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Ocean_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Ocean Society">Black Ocean Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_faction" class="mw-redirect" title="Fleet faction">Fleet faction</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gakutotai" title="Gakutotai">Gakutotai</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Japan_Youth_Party" title="Great Japan Youth Party">Great Japan Youth Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Rule_Assistance_Association" title="Imperial Rule Assistance Association">Imperial Rule Assistance Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Rule_Assistance_Political_Association" title="Imperial Rule Assistance Political Association">Imperial Rule Assistance Political Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Committee_on_Trade_and_Information" title="Japanese Committee on Trade and Information">Japanese Committee on Trade and Information</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dd%C5%8Dha" class="mw-redirect" title="Kōdōha">Kōdōha</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Diet_Members_Supporting_the_Prosecution_of_the_Holy_War" title="League of Diet Members Supporting the Prosecution of the Holy War">League of Diet Members Supporting the Prosecution of the Holy War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Brotherhood" title="National Defense Brotherhood">National Defense Brotherhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokuhonsha" title="Kokuhonsha">National Foundation Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Spiritual_Mobilization_Movement_(Japan)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Spiritual Mobilization Movement (Japan)">National Spiritual Mobilization Movement</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sakurakai" title="Sakurakai">Sakurakai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dwa_Kenky%C5%ABkai" title="Shōwa Kenkyūkai">Shōwa Kenkyūkai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dh%C5%8Dkai" title="Tōhōkai">Tōhōkai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dseiha" title="Tōseiha">Tōseiha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yokusan_Sonendan" title="Yokusan Sonendan">Yokusan Sonendan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_26_Incident#The_"young_officers"" class="mw-redirect" title="February 26 Incident">Young Officers Movement</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABzonsha" title="Yūzonsha">Yūzonsha</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-war Japan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nippon_Kaigi" title="Nippon Kaigi">Nippon Kaigi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tatenokai" title="Tatenokai">Tatenokai</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concordia_Association" title="Concordia Association">Concordia Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makapili" title="Makapili">Makapili</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1930s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_26_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="February 26 Incident">February 26 Incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Blood_Incident" title="League of Blood Incident">League of Blood Incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Polo_Bridge_incident" title="Marco Polo Bridge incident">Marco Polo Bridge incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_incident" title="March incident">March incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_15_incident" title="May 15 incident">May 15 incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Academy_incident" title="Military Academy incident">Military Academy incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukden_incident" title="Mukden incident">Mukden incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_incident" title="October incident">October incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_General_Mobilization_Law" title="State General Mobilization Law">State General Mobilization Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Naval_Treaty#Japanese_denunciation" title="Washington Naval Treaty">Withdrawal from the Washington Naval Treaty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1940–1945</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_East_Asia_Co-Prosperity_Sphere" title="Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere">Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%ABj%C5%8D_incident" title="Kyūjō incident">Kyūjō incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripartite_Pact" title="Tripartite Pact">Tripartite Pact</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1945–1949</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matsue_incident" title="Matsue incident">Matsue incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purge_(occupied_Japan)" title="Purge (occupied Japan)">Purge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverse_Course" title="Reverse Course">Reverse Course</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanmu_incident" title="Sanmu incident">Sanmu incident</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">After the 1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yukio_Mishima#Coup_attempt_and_ritual_suicide" title="Yukio Mishima">Mishima incident</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Investigation_of_Global_Policy_with_the_Yamato_Race_as_Nucleus" title="An Investigation of Global Policy with the Yamato Race as Nucleus">An Investigation of Global Policy with the Yamato Race as Nucleus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/How_Japan_Plans_to_Win" title="How Japan Plans to Win">How Japan Plans to Win</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kokutairon_and_Pure_Socialism" title="Kokutairon and Pure Socialism">Kokutairon and Pure Socialism</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Momotaro:_Sacred_Sailors" title="Momotaro: Sacred Sailors">Momotaro: Sacred Sailors</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Momotar%C5%8D_no_Umiwashi" title="Momotarō no Umiwashi">Momotarō no Umiwashi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moyuru_%C5%8Dzora" title="Moyuru ōzora">Moyuru ōzora</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Patriotism_(short_story)" title="Patriotism (short story)">Patriotism</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ode_of_Showa_Restoration" title="Ode of Showa Restoration">Ode of Showa Restoration</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shinmin_no_Michi" title="Shinmin no Michi">Shinmin no Michi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sun_and_Steel_(essay)" title="Sun and Steel (essay)">Sun and Steel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Most_Beautiful" title="The Most Beautiful">The Most Beautiful</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_cover-up_of_Japanese_war_crimes" title="American cover-up of Japanese war crimes">American cover-up of Japanese war crimes</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cleanest_Race" title="The Cleanest Race">The Cleanest Race</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collaboration_with_Imperial_Japan" title="Collaboration with Imperial Japan">Collaboration with Imperial Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_collaborators_with_Imperial_Japan" title="Korean collaborators with Imperial Japan">Korean</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_East_Asia_Conference" title="Greater East Asia Conference">Greater East Asia Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Military_Tribunal_for_the_Far_East" title="International Military Tribunal for the Far East">International Military Tribunal for the Far East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_war_crimes" title="Japanese war crimes">Japanese war crimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_history_textbook_controversies" title="Japanese history textbook controversies">Japanese history textbook controversies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_War_II_puppet_states#Japan" title="List of World War II puppet states">List of World War II puppet states of Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_Japan_during_the_Second_Sino-Japanese_War_and_World_War_II" title="Propaganda in Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II">Propaganda in Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Uyoku_dantai" title="Uyoku dantai">Uyoku dantai</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Sh%C5%8Dwa_Statism" title="Category:Shōwa Statism">Category</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/110232625">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/226551/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJtmrqfPWYTrKchfVgY3wC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n88103640">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16672889r">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16672889r">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a 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