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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">5th Division</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Hiroshima_Chindai_Headquarters.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Hiroshima_Chindai_Headquarters.JPG/220px-Hiroshima_Chindai_Headquarters.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Hiroshima_Chindai_Headquarters.JPG/330px-Hiroshima_Chindai_Headquarters.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Hiroshima_Chindai_Headquarters.JPG 2x" data-file-width="440" data-file-height="284" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">5th Division HQ, Hiroshima.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Active</th><td class="infobox-data">1888–1945</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/43px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/War_flag_of_the_Imperial_Japanese_Army_%281868%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-War_flag_of_the_Imperial_Japanese_Army_%281868%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/War_flag_of_the_Imperial_Japanese_Army_%281868%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-War_flag_of_the_Imperial_Japanese_Army_%281868%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/War_flag_of_the_Imperial_Japanese_Army_%281868%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-War_flag_of_the_Imperial_Japanese_Army_%281868%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army" title="Imperial Japanese Army">Imperial Japanese Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">Infantry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Division_(military)" title="Division (military)">Division</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Garrison/HQ</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hiroshima,_Hiroshima" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiroshima, Hiroshima">Hiroshima City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Nickname(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">"Carp Division"</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/First_Sino-Japanese_War" title="First Sino-Japanese War">First Sino-Japanese War</a> <p><a href="/wiki/Boxer_Rebellion" title="Boxer Rebellion">Boxer Rebellion</a> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Russo-Japanese_War" title="Russo-Japanese War">Russo-Japanese War</a> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Russian Civil War</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Romanovka" title="Battle of Romanovka">Battle of Romanovka</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Notable<br />commanders</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cshima_Yoshimasa" title="Ōshima Yoshimasa">Ōshima Yoshimasa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nozu_Michitsura" title="Nozu Michitsura">Nozu Michitsura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oku_Yasukata" title="Oku Yasukata">Oku Yasukata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ueda_Arisawa" title="Ueda Arisawa">Ueda Arisawa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aketo_Nakamura" title="Aketo Nakamura">Aketo Nakamura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Terauchi_Hisaichi" class="mw-redirect" title="Terauchi Hisaichi">Terauchi Hisaichi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seishir%C5%8D_Itagaki" title="Seishirō Itagaki">Seishirō Itagaki</a></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="5th_Division_(July_1888)607" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div id="5th_Division_(July_1888)607" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">5th Division (July 1888)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>9th Brigade <ul><li>11th Infantry Regiment</li> <li>41st Infantry Regiment</li></ul></li> <li>21st Brigade <ul><li>21st Infantry Regiment (<a href="/wiki/Shimada,_Shizuoka" title="Shimada, Shizuoka">Shimada</a>)</li> <li>42nd Infantry Regiment (<a href="/wiki/Yamaguchi,_Yamaguchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi">Yamaguchi</a>)</li></ul></li> <li>5th Special Operations Regiment</li> <li>5th Field Artillery Regiment</li> <li>5th Construction Regiment</li> <li>5th Transport Regiment</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="5th_Division_(July_1937)674" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div id="5th_Division_(July_1937)674" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">5th Division (July 1937)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Parent unit</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_China_Garrison_Army" title="Japanese China Garrison Army">Japanese China Garrison Army</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>9th Infantry Brigade (bicycle) <ul><li>11th Infantry Regiment</li> <li>41st Infantry Regiment</li></ul></li> <li>21st Infantry Brigade (bicycle) <ul><li>21st Infantry Regiment</li> <li>42nd Infantry Regiment</li></ul></li> <li>5th Mountain Artillery Regiment (motorized)</li> <li>5th Cavalry Regiment</li> <li>5th Engineer Regiment (motorized)</li> <li>5th Transport and Logistics Regiment (motorized - 500 trucks total)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="5th_Division_(December_1941)703" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div id="5th_Division_(December_1941)703" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">5th Division (December 1941)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Parent unit</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-Fifth_Army_(Japan)" title="Twenty-Fifth Army (Japan)">25th Army</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>11. Infantry regiment</li> <li>21. Infantry regiment</li> <li>42. Infantry regiment</li> <li>5. Field artillery regiment</li> <li>5. <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_regiments_(Japan)" title="Reconnaissance regiments (Japan)">Reconnaissance regiment</a></li> <li>5. Engineer regiment</li> <li>5. Transport and logistics regiment</li> <li>5. Signals company</li> <li>5. Ordnance workshop company</li> <li>5. Sanitation company</li> <li>5/2. Field hospital</li> <li>5/4 Field hospital</li> <li>5. Accounting office</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>The '5th Division'<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">第5師団</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Dai-go shidan</i></span>)</span> was an <a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">infantry</a> <a href="/wiki/Division_(military)" title="Division (military)">division</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army" title="Imperial Japanese Army">Imperial Japanese Army</a>. Its <a href="/wiki/Military_call_sign" title="Military call sign">call sign</a> was the <b><a href="/wiki/Koi" title="Koi">Koi</a> (Carp) Division</b><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">鯉兵団</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Koihei-dan</i></span>)</span>. The 5th Division was formed in <a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a> in January 1871 as the Hiroshima Garrison<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">広島鎮台</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Hiroshima chindai</i></span><span style="margin-left:.09em">)</span></span>, one of six regional commands created in the fledgling Imperial Japanese Army. Its personnel were drafted from <a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yamaguchi_Prefecture" title="Yamaguchi Prefecture">Yamaguchi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shimane_Prefecture" title="Shimane Prefecture">Shimane</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origin">Origin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Division_(Imperial_Japanese_Army)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Hiroshima Garrison had responsibility for the western region of <a href="/wiki/Honsh%C5%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Honshū">Honshū</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chugoku" class="mw-redirect" title="Chugoku">Chugoku</a> district), ranging from <a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo_Prefecture" title="Hyōgo Prefecture">Hyōgo Prefecture</a> to <a href="/wiki/Yamaguchi_Prefecture" title="Yamaguchi Prefecture">Yamaguchi Prefecture</a>. The six regional commands were transformed into divisions under the army reorganization of 14 May 1888. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operational_history">Operational history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Division_(Imperial_Japanese_Army)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Operational history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 5th Division entered the <a href="/wiki/First_Sino-Japanese_War" title="First Sino-Japanese War">First Sino-Japanese War</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Seonghwan" title="Battle of Seonghwan">battle of Seonghwan</a> on 28 July 1894. It also participated in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pyongyang_(1894)" title="Battle of Pyongyang (1894)">battle of Pyongyang</a> on 15 September 1894, securing Japanese control over Korea. On 24 October 1894, the 5th Division made an unopposed crossing of the <a href="/wiki/Yalu_River" title="Yalu River">Yalu River</a> into Chinese territory, encountering only token rearguard resistance and thus ending the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jiuliancheng" title="Battle of Jiuliancheng">Battle of Jiuliancheng</a> on 24 October 1894. It then proceed inland to <a href="/wiki/Shenyang" title="Shenyang">Mukden</a>) in December 1894. The 5th Division last saw action in this war during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yingkou" title="Battle of Yingkou">Battle of Yingkou</a> on 4 March 1895, resulting in the peace negotiations and the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Shimonoseki" title="Treaty of Shimonoseki">treaty of Shimonoseki</a>, signed on 17 April 1895. </p><p>On 27 January 1900, the 5th Division participated in the <a href="/wiki/Eight-Nation_Alliance" title="Eight-Nation Alliance">Eight-Nation Alliance</a> (of which the Japanese were the only non-Europeans) against the <a href="/wiki/Boxer_Rebellion" title="Boxer Rebellion">Boxer Rebellion</a>, with a divisional detachment becoming the core of the <a href="/wiki/Gaselee_Expedition" title="Gaselee Expedition">Gaselee Expedition</a>. Other units of the division garrisoned <a href="/wiki/Tianjing" class="mw-redirect" title="Tianjing">Tianjing</a> city and <a href="/wiki/Tanggu_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanggu District">Tanggu District</a>. The Japanese combatants won the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Beicang" title="Battle of Beicang">Battle of Beicang</a> on 5 August 1900 single-handedly. On 14–16 August 1900, the same Japanese combat detachment participated in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Peking_(1900)" title="Battle of Peking (1900)">Battle of Peking</a>. The division received praise from foreign observers for its bravery, professionalism and discipline. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Japanese_War" title="Russo-Japanese War">Russo-Japanese War</a>, under the command of General <a href="/wiki/Nozu_Michitsura" title="Nozu Michitsura">Nozu Michitsura</a>, it saw combat at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Shaho" title="Battle of Shaho">Battle of Shaho</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sandepu" title="Battle of Sandepu">Battle of Sandepu</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mukden" title="Battle of Mukden">Battle of Mukden</a>. </p><p>The division was assigned to <a href="/wiki/Liaoyang" title="Liaoyang">Liaoyang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manchuria" title="Manchuria">Manchuria</a> from 30 April 1911 until 19 April 1913, when divisional headquarters returned to <a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a>. </p><p>On 24 August 1919, the 5th Division was assigned to the <a href="/wiki/Siberian_Intervention" class="mw-redirect" title="Siberian Intervention">Siberian Intervention</a> at the request of the United States. This mission ended on 24 June 1922 with the unilateral Japanese withdrawal. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_Sino-Japanese_War">Second Sino-Japanese War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Division_(Imperial_Japanese_Army)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Second Sino-Japanese War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">Second Sino-Japanese War</a> erupted on 7 July 1937, the 5th Division was assigned to the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_China_Garrison_Army" title="Japanese China Garrison Army">Japanese China Garrison Army</a> on 27 July 1937 as a combat division. It participated in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Chahar" title="Operation Chahar">Operation Chahar</a> on 14–27 August 1937. At the same time, one reinforced regiment was participating in the <a href="/wiki/Beiping%E2%80%93Hankou_Railway_Operation" title="Beiping–Hankou Railway Operation">Beiping–Hankou Railway Operation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soon afterwards, the division was re-routed to the newly formed <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Northern_China_Area_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese Northern China Area Army">Japanese Northern China Area Army</a> on 31 August 1937, fighting in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Taiyuan" title="Battle of Taiyuan">Battle of Taiyuan</a>, where the 3rd Battalion of the 21st Infantry Regiment suffered severe casualties in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pingxingguan" title="Battle of Pingxingguan">Battle of Pingxingguan</a> on 24 September 1937. On 30 March 1938, the division was assigned to <a href="/wiki/Second_Army_(Japan)" title="Second Army (Japan)">2nd Army</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Xuzhou" title="Battle of Xuzhou">Battle of Xuzhou</a>. </p><p>19 September 1938, the 5th Division was subordinated to the <a href="/wiki/Twenty-First_Army_(Japan)" title="Twenty-First Army (Japan)">21st Army</a> and sent to <a href="/wiki/South_China" title="South China">South China</a>, participating in the <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a> province offensive capturing <a href="/wiki/Nanning" title="Nanning">Nanning</a> in November 1938. The division was then ordered to return to <a href="/wiki/North_China" title="North China">North China</a> on 29 November 1938 and subordinated to the <a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Army_(Japan)" title="Twelfth Army (Japan)">12th Army</a>. Plans went awry because the 21st Infantry Brigade was surrounded by the Chinese in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kunlun_Pass" title="Battle of Kunlun Pass">Battle of Kunlun Pass</a> in December 1938. As a consequence, these troops suffered heavy casualties and were delayed until late January 1939. The division returned to 21st Army in South China on 16 October 1939. The 21st Army was reformed to <a href="/wiki/Twenty-Second_Army_(Japan)" title="Twenty-Second Army (Japan)">22nd Army</a> on 9 February 1940. As part of the newly formed army, the 5th Division became the core of the forces allotted for the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_invasion_of_French_Indochina" title="Japanese invasion of French Indochina">Japanese invasion of French Indochina</a> on 22 September 1940. After the invasion, the division occupied the northern part of <a href="/wiki/French_Indochina" title="French Indochina">French Indochina</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pacific_War">Pacific War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Division_(Imperial_Japanese_Army)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Pacific War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With its combat experience and record in China, the 5th Division was considered one of the best units in the Imperial Japanese Army, and on 12 October 1940, it was placed under the direct control of <a href="/wiki/Imperial_General_Headquarters" title="Imperial General Headquarters">Imperial General Headquarters</a> and started an intensive training program, including <a href="/wiki/Paratrooper" title="Paratrooper">paratrooper</a> exercises in <a href="/wiki/Kyushu" title="Kyushu">Kyushu</a> together with the 5th Air Group. The division was officially assigned to the <a href="/wiki/Nanshin-ron" title="Nanshin-ron">Nanshin-ron</a> on 9 November 1941, subordinated to <a href="/wiki/Twenty-Fifth_Army_(Japan)" title="Twenty-Fifth Army (Japan)">25th Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tomoyuki_Yamashita" title="Tomoyuki Yamashita">Tomoyuki Yamashita</a>), which was part of the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Expeditionary_Army_Group" title="Southern Expeditionary Army Group">Southern Expeditionary Army Group</a> (<a href="/wiki/Field_Marshal" class="mw-redirect" title="Field Marshal">Field Marshal</a> <a href="/wiki/Terauchi_Hisaichi" class="mw-redirect" title="Terauchi Hisaichi">Terauchi Hisaichi</a>) based in <a href="/wiki/Saigon" class="mw-redirect" title="Saigon">Saigon</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Battle_of_Malaya">Battle of Malaya</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Division_(Imperial_Japanese_Army)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Battle of Malaya"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IJA_5th_division,_landing_on_Malayan_beach,_1941.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/IJA_5th_division%2C_landing_on_Malayan_beach%2C_1941.jpg/220px-IJA_5th_division%2C_landing_on_Malayan_beach%2C_1941.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/IJA_5th_division%2C_landing_on_Malayan_beach%2C_1941.jpg/330px-IJA_5th_division%2C_landing_on_Malayan_beach%2C_1941.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/IJA_5th_division%2C_landing_on_Malayan_beach%2C_1941.jpg/440px-IJA_5th_division%2C_landing_on_Malayan_beach%2C_1941.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="347" /></a><figcaption>Soldiers of the 5th division landing on a beach during the Malayan invasion, December 1941</figcaption></figure> <p>The 5th Division landed on the east coast of <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> at <a href="/wiki/Songkla" class="mw-redirect" title="Songkla">Singora</a> and <a href="/wiki/Patani_(historical_region)" title="Patani (historical region)">Patani</a> on December 8, 1941. The 5th Division fought its way through northern and central Malaya. It was particularly successful at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jitra" title="Battle of Jitra">battle of Jitra</a> on 11 December 1941 and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Slim_River" title="Battle of Slim River">battle of Slim River</a> on 6 January 1942. In both battles, it defeated the <a href="/wiki/11th_Infantry_Division_(India)" title="11th Infantry Division (India)">Indian 11th Infantry Division</a>. At the Battle of Slim River, the 5th Division's 41st Infantry Regiment, supported by tanks, swept through sixteen miles of British defenses, shattering the exhausted combatants of the 11th Indian Division and inflicting an estimated 3,000 casualties. </p><p>The 5th Division did not have it all its own way during the Battle of Malaya, suffering heavy casualties during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kampar" title="Battle of Kampar">Battle of Kampar</a> from 30 December 1941. Nonetheless, the division was able to capture <a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a> 11 January 1942. After overcoming the stiff resistance of the <a href="/wiki/Australian_8th_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian 8th Division">8th Australian Division</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Muar" title="Battle of Muar">Battle of Muar</a> at Gemensah Bridge, the 5th Division has opened the way to <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> on 22 January 1942. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Battle_of_Singapore">Battle of Singapore</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Division_(Imperial_Japanese_Army)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Battle of Singapore"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Matsui_e_sm_in_Malesia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Matsui_e_sm_in_Malesia.jpg/220px-Matsui_e_sm_in_Malesia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Matsui_e_sm_in_Malesia.jpg/330px-Matsui_e_sm_in_Malesia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Matsui_e_sm_in_Malesia.jpg/440px-Matsui_e_sm_in_Malesia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="799" data-file-height="580" /></a><figcaption>Lieutenant General <a href="/wiki/Matsui_Takuro" class="mw-redirect" title="Matsui Takuro">Matsui Takuro</a> during the battle of Singapore.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JapaneseMarchSgpCity.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/JapaneseMarchSgpCity.jpg/220px-JapaneseMarchSgpCity.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/JapaneseMarchSgpCity.jpg/330px-JapaneseMarchSgpCity.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/JapaneseMarchSgpCity.jpg/440px-JapaneseMarchSgpCity.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1066" /></a><figcaption>Japanese combatants march victoriously after the battle of Singapore through the city center.</figcaption></figure> <p>On the night of 8 February 1942, six battalions of the 5th Division, under command of Lieutenant General <a href="/wiki/Matsui_Takuro" class="mw-redirect" title="Matsui Takuro">Matsui Takuro</a> as part of Lieutenant General <a href="/wiki/Yamashita_Tomoyuki" class="mw-redirect" title="Yamashita Tomoyuki">Yamashita Tomoyuki</a>'s 25th Army along with the <a href="/wiki/IJA_18th_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="IJA 18th Division">IJA 18th Division</a> crossed the <a href="/wiki/Johor_Strait" class="mw-redirect" title="Johor Strait">Johor Strait</a> using <a href="/wiki/Landing_craft" title="Landing craft">landing craft</a>. </p><p>On the Singapore side, Sarimbun beach was heavily defended by two companies, one each from the <a href="/wiki/2/20th_Battalion_(Australia)" title="2/20th Battalion (Australia)">2/20th</a> and <a href="/wiki/2/18th_Australian_Infantry_Battalion" class="mw-redirect" title="2/18th Australian Infantry Battalion">2/18th Battalions</a> of the <a href="/wiki/22nd_Brigade_(Australia)" title="22nd Brigade (Australia)">22nd Australian Brigade</a>, supported by a machine gun company, three artillery batteries and an anti-tank battery. However, the Japanese combatants managed to penetrate the British defense perimeter, and the Australian troops retrograded after midnight allowing the 5th Division, to move on to Ama Keng village and established a beachhead, where they fired a red starshell over the straits to indicate their success to General Yamashita. </p><p>Immediately after this important victory, the 5th Division moved inwards into Singapore to capture more strategic areas such as <a href="/wiki/Tengah_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Tengah Airfield">Tengah Airfield</a> on 9 February 1942. The unit fought against the <a href="/wiki/2/29th_Battalion_(Australia)" title="2/29th Battalion (Australia)">2/29th</a>, 2/20th and 2/18th Battalions of the 22nd Australian Brigade and the Jind Indian Infantry Battalion, the airfield garrison. On 11 February 1942, <a href="/wiki/Bukit_Timah" title="Bukit Timah">Bukit Timah</a> Road was captured by the 5th Division after fierce fighting. Singapore surrendered four days later. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Philippines_Campaign_(1941–42)"><span id="Philippines_Campaign_.281941.E2.80.9342.29"></span>Philippines Campaign (1941–42)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Division_(Imperial_Japanese_Army)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Philippines Campaign (1941–42)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 41st Infantry Regiment was detached from the division in March 1942, therefore the 5th Division became a <a href="/wiki/Triangular_division" title="Triangular division">triangular division</a>. The 4,160-man strong Kawamura Detachment (comprising an elite part of the 41st Infantry Regiment of 5th Division) landed on <a href="/wiki/Panay" title="Panay">Panay</a> island on 16–18 April 1942, resulting in a force of 7,000 U.S.-Filipino combatants retreating from the coast on 20 April 1942. The Kawamura Detachment then proceeded to land on the north coast of <a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a> on 3 May 1942, forcing the surrender of the Americans and Filipinos on 10 May 1942, after heavy fighting.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="New_Guinea_campaign">New Guinea campaign</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Division_(Imperial_Japanese_Army)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: New Guinea campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The rest of the detached 41st Infantry Regiment re-formed as the Yazawa Detachment, and was initially deployed in <a href="/wiki/Cagayan" title="Cagayan">Cagayan</a> on north coast of <a href="/wiki/Luzon" title="Luzon">Luzon</a>. It was transferred, landing in <a href="/wiki/Davao_City" title="Davao City">Davao City</a> on 28 June 1942, and used to reinforce Nankai Shitai (South Seas Detachment) under command of Major-General Tomitaro Horii.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 18 July 1942, the detachment was reinforced by a company of tanks plus a company of close-support artillery, and ordered to join the thrust to <a href="/wiki/Port_Moresby" title="Port Moresby">Port Moresby</a> on 31 July 1942. Initially sailing to <a href="/wiki/Rabaul" title="Rabaul">Rabaul</a>, which was being used as staging point on 16 August 1942,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Yazawa detachment departed on 19 August 1942 on board <i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_seaplane_tender_Kiyokawa_Maru" title="Japanese seaplane tender Kiyokawa Maru">Kiyokawa Maru</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/SS_Myoko_Maru_(1939)" title="SS Myoko Maru (1939)">Myoko Maru</a></i> . They landed at <a href="/wiki/Gona,_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Gona, Papua New Guinea">Gona</a>, around the Japanese beachhead, on 21 August 1942.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Kokoda_Track_campaign#Battle_of_Isurava" title="Kokoda Track campaign">battle of Isurava</a> the Yazawa detachment was held in reserve.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mission_Ridge_%E2%80%93_Brigade_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Mission Ridge – Brigade Hill">Battle of Brigade Hill</a> was fought further inland, the Yazawa detachment made its way to the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Girua_River" title="Girua River">Girua River</a> (near Buna), where it secured a landing of the supplies and reinforcements, starting from 23 September 1942.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 29 October 1942, the bulk of the Yazawa detachment took up defensive positions inland near Oivi Creek, to cover the retreat of 144th regiment and other units. The Australians attacked with superior forces on 4 November 1942 during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Oivi-Gorari" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Oivi-Gorari">Battle of Oivi-Gorari</a>, mauling and routing the Yazawa detachment. About 900 combatants left of Yazawa detachment narrowly escaped the encirclement and run away to the heavily wooded Ajura Kijala Range to the north-east on 10 November 1942. The last rearguard covering the Oivi Creek was wiped out 13 November 1942. The Yazawa escapees reached the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Kumusi_River" title="Kumusi River">Kumusi River</a>, north of <a href="/wiki/Gona,_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Gona, Papua New Guinea">Gona</a>, by 28 November 1942, but the detachment was not combat-ready because of the loss of most of its heavy equipment and the high incidence of <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">malaria</a> amongst its troops. The majority of the malaria-weakened combatants were transported by landing craft to the mouth of Girua River on 29 November 1942, losing hundreds to the Allied air attacks in sea. The more healthy ones joined them after an overland march on 2 December 1942.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 31 December 1942, Colonel Yazawa ordered a desperate rescue mission to the Buna with the composite unit gathered from the jumble of shattered Japanese detachments. Due to the fall of Buna on 2 January 1943 they aborted the mission, but the Yazawa detachment still clashed with Allied combat patrols and rescued about 190 combatants escaping from Buna. As the retreat to Gona on 20 January 1943 failed, the Yazawa detachment ceased to exist, with only a few survivors reaching Japanese lines.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Subsequent_history">Subsequent history</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Division_(Imperial_Japanese_Army)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Subsequent history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1943, the division was subordinated to <a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Army_(Japan)" title="Nineteenth Army (Japan)">19th Army</a>. The 5th Division subsequently saw action in <a href="/wiki/Rabaul" title="Rabaul">Rabaul</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guadalcanal" title="Guadalcanal">Guadalcanal</a> and various islands in the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a> before surrendering to the Allies on <a href="/wiki/Seram_Island" title="Seram Island">Ceram</a>, in the Dutch East Indies. </p><p>The division was involved with <a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A9%98%E4%B8%B8%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" class="extiw" title="ja:橘丸事件">Tachibana Maru incident</a>, comprising hospital ship been used to transport armaments (up to howitzers) and healthy combatants.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As result of the incident, about 1,500 <a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war">prisoners of war</a> of the division were captured by United States 3 August 1945. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Divisional_headquarters">Divisional headquarters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Division_(Imperial_Japanese_Army)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Divisional headquarters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 5th Division headquarters buildings in <a href="/wiki/Hiroshima_Castle" title="Hiroshima Castle">Hiroshima Castle</a> were destroyed by the <a href="/wiki/Atomic_bombings_of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki#Hiroshima" title="Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki">atomic bomb explosion</a> on 6 August 1945. Loss of life was light because the headquarters had departed in March 1945 to reinforce the <a href="/wiki/125th_Division_(Imperial_Japanese_Army)" title="125th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)">125th Division</a> in <a href="/wiki/Manchukuo" title="Manchukuo">Manchukuo</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Division_(Imperial_Japanese_Army)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_Infantry_Divisions" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Japanese Infantry Divisions">List of Japanese Infantry Divisions</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Division_(Imperial_Japanese_Army)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110216002719/http://www.cgsc.edu/CARL/nafziger/937JHAA.PDF">Japanese Forces Operating along the Northern Sector of Peiping-Hankow Railway Mid-August, 1937</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Japanese Army in World War II : Conquest of the Pacific 1941-42", by Gordon Rottman, p.17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free 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(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ajrp.awm.gov.au/ajrp/ajrp2.nsf/translat-print/7633887898D1CA68CA257057001DFFF1?OpenDocument">"Australia-Japan Research Project -"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Japanese+Hospital+Ships&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.combinedfleet.com%2FTachibana_t.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A5th+Division+%28Imperial+Japanese+Army%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Division_(Imperial_Japanese_Army)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Madej, W. Victor, <i>Japanese Armed Forces Order of Battle, 1937–1945</i>, [2 vols], Allentown, Pennsylvania: 1981</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Division_(Imperial_Japanese_Army)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://niehorster.org/014_japan/41-12-08_army/ija_ground-units/_4-rgt_organization.html">Organization, 1941 Infantry Division (square) 8 December 1941</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged June 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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