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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">yonqutiga oʻtish</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">yashirish</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Kirish</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Tarixiy_mintaqalar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tarixiy_mintaqalar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Tarixiy mintaqalar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tarixiy_mintaqalar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tarixi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> 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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Markaziy Osiyo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Boshqa tildagi maqolaga oʻting. 150 ta tilda mavjud" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-150" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">150 ta til</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Teung%C3%B6h" title="Asia Teungöh – achin" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Asia Teungöh" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="achin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentraal-Asi%C3%AB" title="Sentraal-Asië – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sentraal-Asië" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%98%E1%8A%AB%E1%8A%A8%E1%88%88%E1%8A%9B_%E1%8A%A5%E1%88%B5%E1%8B%AB" title="መካከለኛ እስያ – amxar" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="መካከለኛ እስያ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amxar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Central" title="Asia Central – aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Asia Central" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middelasia" title="Middelasia – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Middelasia" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%89" title="آسيا الوسطى – arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="آسيا الوسطى" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%89" title="اسيا الوسطى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اسيا الوسطى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Central" title="Asia Central – asturiy" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Asia Central" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istefa_Asia" title="Istefa Asia – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Istefa Asia" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C9%99rk%C9%99zi_Asiya" title="Mərkəzi Asiya – ozarbayjon" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mərkəzi Asiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ozarbayjon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7_%D8%A2%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="اورتا آسیا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اورتا آسیا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D2%99%D3%99%D0%BA_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Үҙәк Азия – boshqird" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Үҙәк Азия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="boshqird" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Tengah" title="Asia Tengah – bali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Asia Tengah" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="bali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%97dor%C4%97_Az%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Vėdorė Azėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Vėdorė Azėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Цэнтральная Азія – belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Цэнтральная Азія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Цэнтральная Азія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Цэнтральная Азія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Централна Азия – bolgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Централна Азия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bolgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="सेंट्रल एशिया – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="सेंट्रल एशिया" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="মধ্য এশিয়া – bengal" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মধ্য এশিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azia_ar_C%27hreiz" title="Azia ar C'hreiz – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Azia ar C'hreiz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srednja_Azija" title="Srednja Azija – bosniy" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Srednja Azija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80sia_central" title="Àsia central – katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Àsia central" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%E1%B9%B3%CC%86ng-%C4%81" title="Dṳ̆ng-ā – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dṳ̆ng-ā" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Йуккъера Ази – chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Йуккъера Ази" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="ئاسیای ناوەندی – sorani-kurd" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئاسیای ناوەندی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani-kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orta_Asiya" title="Orta Asiya – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Orta Asiya" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C5%99edn%C3%AD_Asie" title="Střední Asie – chex" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Střední Asie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chex" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%C4%83%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Вăта Ази – chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Вăта Ази" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canolbarth_Asia" title="Canolbarth Asia – valliy" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Canolbarth Asia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="valliy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralasien" title="Centralasien – dan" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Centralasien" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zentralasien" title="Zentralasien – nemischa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zentralasien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemischa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya_Miyan%C3%AAne" title="Asya Miyanêne – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Asya Miyanêne" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BC%89_%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%80%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%9A%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B" title="༉ རྒྱལ་ཁབ་ཀྱི་རྒྱ་མཚོ་ – dzongka" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="༉ རྒྱལ་ཁབ་ཀྱི་རྒྱ་མཚོ་" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="dzongka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%91%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Κεντρική Ασία – grek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κεντρική Ασία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia – inglizcha" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Central Asia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglizcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centra_Azio" title="Centra Azio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Centra Azio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Central" title="Asia Central – ispancha" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Asia Central" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ispancha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesk-Aasia" title="Kesk-Aasia – estoncha" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kesk-Aasia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoncha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erdialdeko_Asia" title="Erdialdeko Asia – bask" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erdialdeko Asia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bask" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="آسیای مرکزی – fors" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آسیای مرکزی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="fors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keski-Aasia" title="Keski-Aasia – fincha" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Keski-Aasia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asie_centrale" title="Asie centrale – fransuzcha" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Asie centrale" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransuzcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_centr%C3%A2la" title="Asia centrâla – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Asia centrâla" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madelaasien" title="Madelaasien – shimoliy friz" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Madelaasien" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="shimoliy friz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sintraal-Aazje" title="Sintraal-Aazje – g‘arbiy friz" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sintraal-Aazje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="g‘arbiy friz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Central" title="Asia Central – galisiy" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Asia Central" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisiy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbyte_%C3%81sia" title="Mbyte Ásia – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mbyte Ásia" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsakiyar_Asiya" title="Tsakiyar Asiya – xausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Tsakiyar Asiya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="xausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%BBng-%C3%82" title="Chûng-Â – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chûng-Â" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%96_%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%94" title="מרכז אסיה – ivrit" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מרכז אסיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ivrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="मध्य एशिया – hind" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मध्य एशिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hind" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srednja_Azija" title="Srednja Azija – xorvat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Srednja Azija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="xorvat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srjed%C5%BAna_Azija" title="Srjedźna Azija – yuqori sorb" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Srjedźna Azija" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="yuqori sorb" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6z%C3%A9p-%C3%81zsia" title="Közép-Ázsia – venger" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Közép-Ázsia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="venger" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%B1%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Կենտրոնական Ասիա – arman" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կենտրոնական Ասիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A5%D5%A4%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%B1%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Կեդրոնական Ասիա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Կեդրոնական Ասիա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Tengah" title="Asia Tengah – indonez" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Asia Tengah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonez" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengnga_nga_Asia" title="Tengnga nga Asia – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Tengnga nga Asia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Azia" title="Central Azia – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Central Azia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C3%B0-As%C3%ADa" title="Mið-Asía – island" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Mið-Asía" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="island" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_centrale" title="Asia centrale – italyan" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Asia centrale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italyan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A2" title="中央アジア – yapon" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="中央アジア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="yapon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Tengah" title="Asia Tengah – yavan" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Asia Tengah" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="yavan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ცენტრალური აზია – gruzincha" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ცენტრალური აზია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya_talemmast" title="Asya talemmast – kabil" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Asya talemmast" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Tongah" title="Asia Tongah – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Asia Tongah" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Орталық Азия – qozoqcha" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Орталық Азия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="qozoqcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%8E%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9B" title="អាស៊ីកណ្ដាល – xmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អាស៊ីកណ្ដាល" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="xmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%8F%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE" title="ಮಧ್ಯ ಏಶಿಯಾ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮಧ್ಯ ಏಶಿಯಾ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EC%95%99%EC%95%84%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84" title="중앙아시아 – koreyscha" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="중앙아시아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreyscha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asyaya_Navend%C3%AE" title="Asyaya Navendî – kurdcha" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Asyaya Navendî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asi_Gres" title="Asi Gres – korn" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Asi Gres" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="korn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_Asia" title="Media Asia – lotincha" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Media Asia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="lotincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya_Sentrala" title="Asya Sentrala – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Asya Sentrala" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zentralasien" title="Zentralasien – lyuksemburgcha" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Zentralasien" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lyuksemburgcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BA%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Юкьван Азия – lezgin" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Юкьван Азия" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_sentral" title="Asia sentral – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Asia sentral" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centraal-Azi%C3%AB" title="Centraal-Azië – limburg" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Centraal-Azië" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Centrala" title="Asia Centrala – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Asia Centrala" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Az%C3%ADa_ya_Katik%C3%A1ti" title="Azía ya Katikáti – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Azía ya Katikáti" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidurin%C4%97_Azija" title="Vidurinė Azija – litva" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vidurinė Azija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centr%C4%81l%C4%81zija" title="Centrālāzija – latishcha" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Centrālāzija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latishcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="मध्य एसिया – maythili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="मध्य एसिया" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maythili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Tengah" title="Asia Tengah – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Asia Tengah" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azia_Afovoany" title="Azia Afovoany – malagasiy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Azia Afovoany" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagasiy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Tangah" title="Asia Tangah – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Asia Tangah" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Средна Азија – makedon" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Средна Азија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF" title="മദ്ധ്യേഷ്യ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മദ്ധ്യേഷ്യ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Төв Ази – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Төв Ази" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="मध्य आशिया – maratxi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मध्य आशिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maratxi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Tengah" title="Asia Tengah – malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Asia Tengah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9C%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE" title="အလယ်အာရှ – birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အလယ်အာရှ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="मध्य एसिया – nepal" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मध्य एसिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centraal-Azi%C3%AB" title="Centraal-Azië – niderland" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Centraal-Azië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentral-Asia" title="Sentral-Asia – norveg-nyunorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sentral-Asia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveg-nyunorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentral-Asia" title="Sentral-Asia – norveg-bokmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sentral-Asia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveg-bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%82sie_du_Mitan" title="Âsie du Mitan – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Âsie du Mitan" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Centrala" title="Asia Centrala – oksitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Asia Centrala" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giddu-galeessa_Eeshiyaa" title="Giddu-galeessa Eeshiyaa – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Giddu-galeessa Eeshiyaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%A7%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F_%E0%AC%8F%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%86" title="ମଧ୍ୟ ଏସିଆ – oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ମଧ୍ୟ ଏସିଆ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Центрон Ази – osetin" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Центрон Ази" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%8F%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਕੇਂਦਰੀ ਏਸ਼ੀਆ – panjobcha" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੇਂਦਰੀ ਏਸ਼ੀਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjobcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Sentral" title="Asia Sentral – papiyamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Asia Sentral" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiyamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azja_%C5%9Arodkowa" title="Azja Środkowa – polyakcha" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Azja Środkowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polyakcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DA%86%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="وچکارلا ایشیا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="وچکارلا ایشیا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%DA%81%D9%86%DB%8D_%D8%A2%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="منځنۍ آسيا – pushtu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="منځنۍ آسيا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pushtu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81sia_Central" title="Ásia Central – portugalcha" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ásia Central" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Central%C4%83" title="Asia Centrală – rumincha" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Asia Centrală" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Центральная Азия – ruscha" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Центральная Азия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruscha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Середня Азія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Середня Азія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Киин Азия – saxa" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Киин Азия" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="saxa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F_%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81sia_tzentrale" title="Ásia tzentrale – sardin" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Ásia tzentrale" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_cintrali" title="Asia cintrali – sitsiliya" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Asia cintrali" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sitsiliya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DA%86_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="وچ ايشيا – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="وچ ايشيا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srednja_Azija" title="Srednja Azija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Srednja Azija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B8_%E0%B6%86%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="මධ්‍යම ආසියාව – singal" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මධ්‍යම ආසියාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Central Asia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stredn%C3%A1_%C3%81zia" title="Stredná Ázia – slovakcha" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Stredná Ázia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srednja_Azija" title="Srednja Azija – slovencha" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Srednja Azija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovencha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aasiyada_Dhexe" title="Aasiyada Dhexe – somalicha" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Aasiyada Dhexe" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalicha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azia_Qendrore" title="Azia Qendrore – alban" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Azia Qendrore" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="alban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%9A%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Средња Азија – serbcha" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Средња Азија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Tengah" title="Asia Tengah – sundan" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Asia Tengah" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralasien" title="Centralasien – shved" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Centralasien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="shved" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_ya_Kati" title="Asia ya Kati – suaxili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Asia ya Kati" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suaxili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="நடு ஆசியா – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நடு ஆசியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF_%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="మధ్య ఆసియా – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మధ్య ఆసియా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%91%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D3%A3" title="Осиёи Марказӣ – tojik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Осиёи Марказӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tojik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="เอเชียกลาง – tay" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เอเชียกลาง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkezi_Azi%C3%BDa" title="Merkezi Aziýa – turkman" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Merkezi Aziýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gitnang_Asya" title="Gitnang Asya – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Gitnang Asya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orta_Asya" title="Orta Asya – turk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Orta Asya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%B7%D3%99%D0%BA_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Үзәк Азия – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Үзәк Азия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%AA%DB%87%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%89%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="ئوتتۇرا ئاسىيا – uyg‘ur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئوتتۇرا ئاسىيا" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uyg‘ur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Центральна Азія – ukrain" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Центральна Азія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="وسط ایشیا – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="وسط ایشیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trung_%C3%81" title="Trung Á – vyetnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Trung Á" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vyetnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centroal-Azi%C3%AB" title="Centroal-Azië – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Centroal-Azië" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%AEtrinne_Azeye" title="Mîtrinne Azeye – vallon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Mîtrinne Azeye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butnga_nga_Asya" title="Butnga nga Asya – varay" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Butnga nga Asya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diggu_Asi" title="Diggu Asi – volof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Diggu Asi" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="volof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%BA%9E" title="中亞 – vu xitoy" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="中亞" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vu xitoy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ცენტრალური აზია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ცენტრალური აზია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80rin_%C3%81s%C3%AD%C3%A0" title="Àrin Ásíà – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àrin Ásíà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A3%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%9C_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⴰⵣⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ – tamazigxt" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⵣⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="tamazigxt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%BA%9A" title="中亚 – xitoy" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="中亚" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xitoy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%BA%9E" title="中亞 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="中亞" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiong_A-chiu" title="Tiong A-chiu – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiong A-chiu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%BA%9E" title="中亞 – kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="中亞" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q27275#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Tillararo ishoratlarni tahrirlash" class="wbc-editpage">Ishoratlarni tahrirla</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nomfazolar"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Markaziy_Osiyo" title="Sahifani ko‘rish [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Maqola</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Munozara:Markaziy_Osiyo" rel="discussion" title="Sahifa matni 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</div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Nashr/eksport qilish </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maxsus:DownloadAsPdf&page=Markaziy_Osiyo&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF sifatida yuklash</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="Ushbu sahifaning bosma uchun versiyasi [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Bosma uchun versiya</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Boshqa loyihalarda </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a 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vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Qiyofa</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">yonqutiga oʻtish</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">yashirish</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipediya, ochiq ensiklopediya</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="uz" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellspacing="1" style="width:270px;"><caption class="" style="">Markaziy Osiyo</caption> <tbody><tr class=""><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Central_Asia_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Central_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/300px-Central_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Central_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/450px-Central_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Central_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/600px-Central_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="553" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Maydoni</th> <td class="" style=""> 4,003,451 km2</td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Aholisi</th> <td class="" style=""> 81,897,577 (2024)</td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Aholi zichligi</th> <td class="" style=""> 17.43/km2</td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Etnoxoronim" title="Etnoxoronim">Etnoxoronim</a></th> <td class="" style=""> Markaziy Osiyolik</td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Davlatlar</th> <td class="" style=""> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBzbekiston" title="Oʻzbekiston">O'zbekiston</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Qozog%CA%BBiston" title="Qozogʻiston">Qozogʻiston</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Qirg%CA%BBiziston" title="Qirgʻiziston">Qirgʻiziston</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tojikiston" title="Tojikiston">Tojikiston</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkmaniston" title="Turkmaniston">Turkmaniston</a> ([[O'zbekiston Qozog'iston Qirg'iziston Turkmaniston </p> Tojikiston|davlatlar roʻyxati]])</td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Qaram davlatlar</th> <td class="" style=""> Qoraqalpog'iston</td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Tillar</th> <td class="" style=""> <a href="/wiki/Dungan_tili" title="Dungan tili">Dungan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koryo-mar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koryo-mar (sahifa yaratilmagan)">koryo-mar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mongol_tili" title="Mongol tili">Moʻgʻul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qirg%CA%BBiz_tili" title="Qirgʻiz tili">qirgʻiz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qoraqalpoq_tili" title="Qoraqalpoq tili">qoraqalpoq</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qozoq_tili" title="Qozoq tili">qozoq</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rus_tili" title="Rus tili">rus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tojik_tili" title="Tojik tili">tojik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkman_tili" title="Turkman tili">turkman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uyg%27ur_tili" class="mw-redirect" title="Uyg'ur tili">uygʻur</a>, <a href="/wiki/O%27zbek_tili" class="mw-redirect" title="O'zbek tili">oʻzbek</a></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Vaqt mintaqalari</th> <td class="" style=""> <p>UTC+05:00 </p> UTC+06:00</td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Yuqori darajali internet domeni</th> <td class="" style=""> .uz, .kg, .kz, .tj, .tm</td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Yirik shaharlar</th> <td class="" style=""> Toshkent,Samarqand,Buxoro,Xorazm,Qo'qon</td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Central_Asia_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Central_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/250px-Central_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Central_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/375px-Central_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Central_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/500px-Central_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="553" /></a><figcaption>Markaziy Osiyo</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Central_Asia_Physical.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Central_Asia_Physical.jpg/250px-Central_Asia_Physical.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Central_Asia_Physical.jpg/375px-Central_Asia_Physical.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Central_Asia_Physical.jpg/500px-Central_Asia_Physical.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="391" /></a><figcaption>Markaziy Osiyo</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Central_Asia_world_region2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Central_Asia_world_region2.png/250px-Central_Asia_world_region2.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Central_Asia_world_region2.png/375px-Central_Asia_world_region2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Central_Asia_world_region2.png/500px-Central_Asia_world_region2.png 2x" data-file-width="1357" data-file-height="628" /></a><figcaption>Markaziy Osiyo</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Central_Asia_borders.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Central_Asia_borders.png/250px-Central_Asia_borders.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Central_Asia_borders.png 1.5x" data-file-width="326" data-file-height="240" /></a><figcaption>Markaziy Osiyo</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Central_Asian_trade_routes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Central_Asian_trade_routes.jpg/250px-Central_Asian_trade_routes.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Central_Asian_trade_routes.jpg/375px-Central_Asian_trade_routes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Central_Asian_trade_routes.jpg/500px-Central_Asian_trade_routes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="954" data-file-height="674" /></a><figcaption>Markaziy Osiyo XIII asr</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:1914_map_of_Asia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/1914_map_of_Asia.jpg/250px-1914_map_of_Asia.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/1914_map_of_Asia.jpg/375px-1914_map_of_Asia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/1914_map_of_Asia.jpg/500px-1914_map_of_Asia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3693" data-file-height="2722" /></a><figcaption>Markaziy Osiyo <a href="/wiki/1914" title="1914">1914</a>-yil</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Central_Asia_1900-ru.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Central_Asia_1900-ru.svg/250px-Central_Asia_1900-ru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Central_Asia_1900-ru.svg/375px-Central_Asia_1900-ru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Central_Asia_1900-ru.svg/500px-Central_Asia_1900-ru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="658" data-file-height="536" /></a><figcaption>Markaziy Osiyo <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a>-yil</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Central_Asia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Central_Asia.svg/250px-Central_Asia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Central_Asia.svg/375px-Central_Asia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Central_Asia.svg/500px-Central_Asia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="320" /></a><figcaption>Markaziy Osiyo <a href="/wiki/2019" title="2019">2019</a>-yil</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Markaziy Osiyo</b> — bu <a href="/wiki/Osiyo" title="Osiyo">Osiyo</a> qitʼasidagi sub-mintaqa boʻlib, janubi-gʻarbda <a href="/wiki/Kaspiy_dengizi" title="Kaspiy dengizi">Kaspiy dengizi</a> va shimoli-gʻarbda <a href="/wiki/Sharqiy_Yevropa" title="Sharqiy Yevropa">Sharqiy Yevropadan</a> sharqda <a href="/wiki/Xitoy" title="Xitoy">Xitoy</a> va <a href="/wiki/Mo%27g%27uliston" class="mw-redirect" title="Mo'g'uliston">Moʻgʻulistonga</a> qadar, janubda <a href="/wiki/Afg%CA%BBoniston" title="Afgʻoniston">Afgʻoniston</a> va <a href="/wiki/Eron" title="Eron">Erondan</a> shimolda <a href="/wiki/Rossiya" title="Rossiya">Rossiyaga</a> qadar choʻzilgan.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mintaqa oʻz ichiga <a href="/wiki/Sobiq_sovet_davlatlari" title="Sobiq sovet davlatlari">sobiq sovet davlatlari</a> boʻlmish <a href="/wiki/Qozog%CA%BBiston" title="Qozogʻiston">Qozogʻiston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qirg%CA%BBiziston" title="Qirgʻiziston">Qirgʻiziston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tojikiston" title="Tojikiston">Tojikiston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkmaniston" title="Turkmaniston">Turkmaniston</a> va <a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBzbekiston" title="Oʻzbekiston">Oʻzbekistonni</a> oladi. Ushbu besh respublika nomidagi oʻxshashliklar tufayli mintaqadan tashqarida (asosan Gʻarbda) mintaqa davlatlari umumiy tarzda '-stanʼ davlatlari deb ham yuritiladi. </p><p>Islomdan oldingi davrda va <a href="/wiki/Islom" title="Islom">Islom dini</a> mintaqaga kirib kelishi davrida (tahminan <a href="/wiki/Milod" title="Milod">milodiy</a> 1000-yil yoki undan oldin) Markaziy Osiyoda asosan <a href="/wiki/Eroniy_tillar" title="Eroniy tillar">eroniy tilda</a> soʻzlashuvchi va madaniyatga ega boʻlgan xalqlar istiqomat qilgan<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Hududda <a href="/wiki/Baqtriya" title="Baqtriya">baqtriyaliklar</a>, <a href="/wiki/So%CA%BBg%CA%BBd" title="Soʻgʻd">soʻgʻdlar</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qadimgi_Xorazm_davlati&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qadimgi Xorazm davlati (sahifa yaratilmagan)">xorazmliklar</a> va yarim-koʻchmanchi <a href="/wiki/Skiflar" title="Skiflar">skiflar</a> hamda <a href="/wiki/Dahlar" title="Dahlar">dahlar</a> yashagan. <a href="/wiki/Turkiy_xalqlar" title="Turkiy xalqlar">Turkiy xalqlarning</a> koʻchib kelishi bilan Markaziy Osiyo asta-sekin <a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBzbeklar" title="Oʻzbeklar">oʻzbeklar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qozoqlar" title="Qozoqlar">qozoqlar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tatarlar" title="Tatarlar">tatarlar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkmanlar" title="Turkmanlar">turkmanlar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qirg%CA%BBizlar" title="Qirgʻizlar">qirgʻizlar</a> va <a href="/wiki/Uyg%CA%BBurlar" title="Uygʻurlar">uygʻurlar</a> kabi turkiy xalqlarning vataniga aylandi. <a href="/wiki/Tojikiston" title="Tojikiston">Tojikistonni</a> istisno qilganda, hududda amal qilgan <a href="/wiki/Eroniy_tillar" title="Eroniy tillar">Eroniy tillar</a> oʻrniga <a href="/wiki/Turkiy_tillar" title="Turkiy tillar">Turkiy tillar</a> kirib keldi. </p><p>Tarixan Markaziy Osiyo <a href="/wiki/Buyuk_Ipak_yo%CA%BBli" title="Buyuk Ipak yoʻli">Buyuk Ipak yoʻli</a> bilan aloqador boʻlib, <a href="/wiki/Yevropa" title="Yevropa">Yevropa</a> va <a href="/wiki/Uzoq_Sharq" title="Uzoq Sharq">Uzoq Sharq</a> orasida odamlar, tovarlar va gʻoyalar almashinuvi uchun chorraha vazifasini bajargan. Markaziy Osiyoning koʻpchilik davlatlari bugungi kunda ham dunyo iqtisodining muhim tarkibiy qismi hisoblanadi.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>XIX asr oxirlaridan XX asr oxirigacha Markaziy Osiyo <a href="/wiki/Ruslar" title="Ruslar">ruslar</a> tomonidan mustamlakaga aylantirilgan. Hudud dastlab <a href="/wiki/Rossiya_imperiyasi" title="Rossiya imperiyasi">Rossiya imperiyasi</a>, keyinchalik <a href="/wiki/Sovet_Sotsialistik_Respublikalari_Ittifoqi" title="Sovet Sotsialistik Respublikalari Ittifoqi">Sovet Ittifoqi</a> tarkibiga kiritilgan boʻlib, bu ruslar va boshqa <a href="/wiki/Slavyanlar" title="Slavyanlar">slavyan xalqlarining</a> hududga koʻchib kelishiga sabab boʻldi. Bugungi kunda Markaziy Osiyoda kelib chiqishi Yevropalik boʻlgan koʻp sonli xalqlar mavjud boʻlib, ulardan asosiy qismi <a href="/wiki/Qozog%CA%BBiston" title="Qozogʻiston">Qozogʻistonda</a> istiqomat qiladi. Hududda 7 million ruslar, 500,000 <a href="/wiki/Ukrainlar" title="Ukrainlar">ukrainlar</a> va tahminan 170,000 <a href="/wiki/Nemislar" title="Nemislar">nemislar</a> yashaydi. <a href="/wiki/Iosif_Stalin" title="Iosif Stalin">Stalin</a> davridagi majburiy koʻchirishlari sababli hudduda bugungi kunda 300,000 dan ortiq <a href="/wiki/Koreyslar" title="Koreyslar">koreyslar</a> ham istiqomat qiladi.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Markaziy Osiyoda tahminan 80.2 million kishi istiqomat qilib, ular beshta davlatga taqsimlangan: <a href="/wiki/Qozog%CA%BBiston" title="Qozogʻiston">Qozogʻiston</a> (20 million), <a href="/wiki/Qirg%CA%BBiziston" title="Qirgʻiziston">Qirgʻiziston</a> (7 million), <a href="/wiki/Tojikiston" title="Tojikiston">Tojikiston</a> (10 million), <a href="/wiki/Turkmaniston" title="Turkmaniston">Turkmaniston</a> (6 million) va <a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBzbekiston" title="Oʻzbekiston">Oʻzbekiston</a> (37.2 million).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tarixiy_mintaqalar">Tarixiy mintaqalar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_Osiyo&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Tarixiy mintaqalar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_Osiyo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Tarixiy mintaqalar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Markaziy Osiyo shimolda <a href="/wiki/Sibir" title="Sibir">Sibir</a> oʻrmonlari bilan chegaralangan. Markaziy Osiyoning shimoliy qismi (Qozogʻiston) Yevrosiyo dashtining oʻrta qismini tashkil qiladi. Gʻarbda Qozoq dashti rus-ukrain dashtlari bilan tutashsa, sharqda <a href="/wiki/Jung%CA%BBariya_tekisligi" title="Jungʻariya tekisligi">Jungʻor</a> va <a href="/wiki/Mongoliya" title="Mongoliya">Mogʻul</a> dashtlari bilan tutashib ketadi. Janubga qarab yer tobora quruqlashib, koʻchmanchi aholi ham siyraklashib boradi. Janubdagi sugʻorma dehqonchilik imkoni bor hududlarda aholi zichlashib, shaharlar shakllangan. Asosiy sugʻorma dehqonchilik hududlari Sharqdagi togʻ yonbagʻirlarida, <a href="/wiki/Oks" title="Oks">Oks</a> va <a href="/wiki/Yaksart" class="mw-redirect" title="Yaksart">Yaksart</a> daryolari vodiylarida va <a href="/wiki/Eron" title="Eron">Fors</a> bilan chegaradagi <a href="/wiki/Kopetdog%CA%BB" title="Kopetdogʻ">Kopetdogʻning</a> shimoliy yonbagʻirlarida joylashgan. Kopetdogʻdan sharqda <a href="/wiki/Marv" title="Marv">Marv vohasi</a>, shuningdek <a href="/wiki/Hirot" title="Hirot">Hirot</a> va <a href="/wiki/Balx" title="Balx">Balx</a> kabi muhim hududlar joylashgan. <a href="/wiki/Tyan-Shan" title="Tyan-Shan">Tyan-Shan togʻlarining</a> ikki tumshugʻi sharqdagi togʻlar orasida uchta oʻziga xos 'koʻrfazlarni' hosil qiladi. Ularning ichida eng yirigi shimolda, sharqiy Qozogʻistonda boʻlib, bu hudud tarixan <a href="/wiki/Yettisuv" title="Yettisuv">Yettisuv</a>, yoki Semirechye (<a href="/wiki/Rus_tili" title="Rus tili">ruscha</a>: <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%8C%D0%B5" class="extiw" title="ru:Семиречье">Semiréche</a>) deb nomlangan va bu hududda <a href="/wiki/Balxash_ko%CA%BBli" class="mw-redirect" title="Balxash koʻli">Balxash koʻli</a> joylashgan. Oʻrtaliqda kichik, lekin zich aholiga ega boʻlgan <a href="/wiki/Farg%CA%BBona_vodiysi" title="Fargʻona vodiysi">Fargʻona vodiysi</a> joylashgan. Janubda esa keyinchalik <a href="/wiki/Toxariston" title="Toxariston">Toxariston</a> deb atalgan <a href="/wiki/Baqtriya" title="Baqtriya">Baqtriya</a> joylashgan boʻlib, bu hudud janubda <a href="/wiki/Hindukush" title="Hindukush">Hindukush togʻlari</a> bilan chegaralangan. <a href="/wiki/Sirdaryo" title="Sirdaryo">Sirdaryo (Yaksart)</a> Fargʻona vodiysida boshlansa, <a href="/wiki/Amudaryo" title="Amudaryo">Amudaryo (Oks)</a> Baqtriyada boshlanadi. Bu daryolarning har ikkisi ham shimoli-gʻarbga, <a href="/wiki/Orol_dengizi" title="Orol dengizi">Orol dengiziga</a> qarab oqadi. Amudaryo Orol dengiziga quyiladigan joyida yirik <a href="/wiki/Delta" title="Delta">deltani</a> hosil qiladi va bu hudud <a href="/wiki/Xorazm" title="Xorazm">Xorazm</a>, keyinchalik <a href="/wiki/Xiva_xonligi" title="Xiva xonligi">Xiva xonligi</a> deb atalgan. Amudaryo shimolida nisbatan notanish, lekin <a href="/wiki/Samarqand" title="Samarqand">Samarqand</a> va <a href="/wiki/Buxoro" title="Buxoro">Buxoro</a> kabi savdo-sanoat markazlarini suv bilan taʼminlovchi <a href="/wiki/Zarafshon_(daryo)" title="Zarafshon (daryo)">Zarafshon daryosi</a> joylashgan. Mintaqadagi yana bir yirik savdo markazi <a href="/wiki/Toshkent" title="Toshkent">Toshkent</a> boʻlib, bu shahar Fargʻona vodiysiga kirish nuqtasidan shimoli-gʻarbda joylashgan. Amudaryodan shimoldagi hududlar <a href="/wiki/Movarounnahr" title="Movarounnahr">Movarounnahr</a>, shuningdek, ayniqsa ipak yoʻli savdosida hukmron mavqeda boʻlgan soʻgʻd savdogarlariga nisbatan ishlatilganda, <a href="/wiki/So%CA%BBg%CA%BBd" title="Soʻgʻd">Soʻgʻd</a> deb atalgan. </p><p>Sharqda, <a href="/wiki/Jung%27ariya" class="mw-redirect" title="Jung'ariya">Jung'ariya</a> va <a href="/wiki/Tarim" title="Tarim">Tarim havzasi</a> tahminan 1759-yilda Xitoyning <a href="/wiki/Shinjon-Uyg%CA%BBur_muxtor_rayoni" title="Shinjon-Uygʻur muxtor rayoni">Shinjon</a> viloyatiga birlashtiriladi. Odatda Xitoydan otlangan karvonlar Tarim havzasining shimoliy yoki janubiy qismlaridan oʻtib, <a href="/wiki/Qashqar" title="Qashqar">Qashqarda</a> birlashishgan va u yerdan shimoli-gʻarbdagi <a href="/wiki/Farg%CA%BBona_vodiysi" title="Fargʻona vodiysi">Fargʻona</a> tomonga, yoki janubi-gʻarbdagi <a href="/wiki/Baqtriya" title="Baqtriya">Baqtriya</a> tomonga harakatlanishgan. Buyuk ipak yoʻlining kichikroq yana bir shaxobchasi Tyan-Shanning shimolidan boshlanib, Jungʻoriya va Yettisuvdan oʻtgan va Toshkent yaqinida janubga qayrilgan. Koʻchmanchi qabilalar odatda Moʻgʻulistondan boshlanib, Jungʻoriya orqali oʻtishgan va Toshkent yaqinida janubga qayrilib, oʻtroq aholini istilo qilishgan, yoki gʻarbga, Yevropa tomonga harakatni davom ettirishgan. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Qizilqum" title="Qizilqum">Qizilqum choʻli</a> Amudaryo va Sirdaryo oraligʻida joylashgan va Qoraqum Amudaryo hamda Turkmanistondagi <a href="/wiki/Kopetdog%CA%BB" title="Kopetdogʻ">Kopetdogʻ</a> orasida joylashgan. <a href="/wiki/Xuroson_(tarixiy_viloyat)" title="Xuroson (tarixiy viloyat)">Xuroson</a> tahminan shimoli-sharqiy Eronni va <a href="/wiki/Afg%CA%BBoniston" title="Afgʻoniston">Afgʻoniston</a> shimoliy hududlarini anglatgan. <a href="/wiki/Marg%CA%BBiyona" title="Margʻiyona">Margʻiyona</a> esa <a href="/wiki/Marv" title="Marv">Marv</a> shahri atroflarini anglatgan. <a href="/wiki/Ustyurt" title="Ustyurt">Ustyurt platosi</a> esa Orol <a href="/wiki/Orol_dengizi" title="Orol dengizi">Orol</a> va <a href="/wiki/Kaspiy_dengizi" title="Kaspiy dengizi">Kaspiy dengizlari</a> oraligʻidagi hududdir. </p><p>Janubi-gʻarbda, <a href="/wiki/Kopetdog%CA%BB" title="Kopetdogʻ">Kopetdogʻdan</a> narida Fors davlati joylashgan. Aynan shu hudud orqali <a href="/wiki/Ahamoniylar_davlati" title="Ahamoniylar davlati">Fors davlati</a> va <a href="/wiki/Arab_xalifaligi" title="Arab xalifaligi">Arab xalifaligi</a> Markaziy Osiyoga suqilib kirgan va <a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBrta_Osiyoning_Rossiya_imperiyasi_tomonidan_bosib_olinishi" title="Oʻrta Osiyoning Rossiya imperiyasi tomonidan bosib olinishi">Rossiya Imperiyasi bosqiniga</a> qadar mahalliy aholining madaniyatiga oʻz taʼsirini oʻtkazgan. Janubi-sharqda <a href="/wiki/Hindiston" title="Hindiston">Hindiston</a> tomon yoʻl mavjud. Qadimda <a href="/wiki/Buddizm" title="Buddizm">Buddizm</a> shu yoʻl orqali shimolga tarqalgan va tarixda juda koʻp marotaba Markaziy Osiyolik jangovar qabilalar va podsholar shu yoʻldan oʻtib, Shimoliy Hindistonni istilo qilishgan va u yerda oʻz hokimiyatlarini oʻrnatishgan. Koʻchmanchi bosqinchilarning koʻpchiligi shimoli-sharqdan kirib kelgan. 1800-yillardan keyin <a href="/wiki/Rossiya_imperiyasi" title="Rossiya imperiyasi">Rossiya imperiyasi</a> va keyinchalik <a href="/wiki/Sovet_Sotsialistik_Respublikalari_Ittifoqi" title="Sovet Sotsialistik Respublikalari Ittifoqi">Sovet Ittifoqi</a> shaklida hududga shimoli-gʻarbdan <a href="/w/index.php?title=G%27arb_sivilizatsiyasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G'arb sivilizatsiyasi (sahifa yaratilmagan)">G'arb sivilizatsiyasi</a> kirib keldi. </p><p><b>Tarixiy mintaqalar nomlari</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oriyona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oriyona (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Oriyona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baqtriya" title="Baqtriya">Baqtriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dahlar" title="Dahlar">Dahiston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xuroson_(tarixiy_viloyat)" title="Xuroson (tarixiy viloyat)">Xuroson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xorazm" title="Xorazm">Xorazm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marg%CA%BBiyona" title="Margʻiyona">Margʻiyona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parfiya" title="Parfiya">Parfiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/So%CA%BBg%CA%BBd" title="Soʻgʻd">Soʻgʻdiyona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toxariston" title="Toxariston">Toxariston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movarounnahr" title="Movarounnahr">Movarounnahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turon" title="Turon">Turon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkiston" title="Turkiston">Turkiston</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tarixi">Tarixi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_Osiyo&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Tarixi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_Osiyo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Tarixi"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Garchi <a href="/wiki/Oriyentalizm" title="Oriyentalizm">Orientalizm</a> davrida Markaziy Osiyoning jahon tarixidagi hissasi kamaytirib koʻrsatilgan boʻlsada, bugungi kun tarixnavisligi Markaziy Osiyo tarixining ham 'markaziy' ahamiyatini tan olmoqda.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Markaziy Osiyo tarixi hududning iqlimi va geografiyasi bilan belgilanadi. Mintaqa iqlimining quruqligi ziroatchilikni qiyinlashtirgan boʻlsa, dengizlardan uzoqda joylashish mintaqaning savdo aloqalarini qiyinlashtirdi. Shu sababdan ham hududda yirik shaharlar soni ham boʻlib, hudud ming yillar davomida <a href="/wiki/Dasht" title="Dasht">dasht</a> koʻchmanchi qabilalari hukmi ostida boʻlgan. </p><p>Markaziy Osiyodagi koʻchmanchi qabilalar va oʻtroq xalqlar orasidagi munosabatlar uzoq vaqt davomida dushmanona tusga ega boʻlgan. Koʻchmanchi turmush tarzi harbiylar uchun oʻta mos boʻlib, ichki uyushqoqlikdan mosuvo boʻlganini hisobga olmasa, koʻchmanchi dashtliklar uzoq davr mobaynida dunyodagi eng qudratli harbiy kuchni tashkil qilishgan. Ular orasidagi ichki uyushqoqlikka baʼzan erishilgan boʻlsa, bu ham Markaziy Osiyodan oʻtuvchi <a href="/wiki/Buyuk_Ipak_yo%CA%BBli" title="Buyuk Ipak yoʻli">Buyuk Ipak yoʻli</a> tufayli edi. Tarix davomida baʼzan buyuk yetakchilar, yoki tarixiy shart-sharoit bir necha qabilalarning yagona kuchga birlashishiga sabab boʻlib, keyin ular deyarli toʻxtatib boʻlmas kuchga aylanar edi. Bularga misol qilib Yevropaga bosqinchilik yurishlarini amalga oshirgan <a href="/wiki/Hunlar" title="Hunlar">Hunlarni</a>, Qadimgi Xitoydagi Besh varvarlar qoʻzgʻolonini, ayniqsa <a href="/wiki/Yevrosiyo" title="Yevrosiyo">Yevrosiyoning</a> katta qismini istilo qilgan <a href="/wiki/Mo%CA%BBg%CA%BBullar_davlati" title="Moʻgʻullar davlati">moʻgʻullarni</a> keltirish mumkin. </p><p>Islomgacha va Islomning dastlabki davrlarida Markaziy Osiyoda <a href="/wiki/Eroniy_tillar" title="Eroniy tillar">Eroniy tillarda</a> soʻzlashuvchi xalqlar istiqomat qilgan.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eng qadimgi <a href="/wiki/Eroniy_xalqlar" title="Eroniy xalqlar">Eroniy xalqlardan</a> soʻgʻdlar va xorazmliklar oʻtroq hayot kechirgan boʻlsa, <a href="/wiki/Skiflar" title="Skiflar">skiflar</a> va keyinchalik <a href="/wiki/Alanlar" title="Alanlar">alanlar</a> kabi eroniy qabilalar koʻchmanchi, yoki yarim-koʻchmanchi hayot kechirgan. </p><p>Turkiy xalqlarning asosiy koʻchib kelish toʻlqini VI-XI asrlar oraligʻida sodir boʻlib, bu davrda <a href="/wiki/Turkiy_xalqlar" title="Turkiy xalqlar">turkiy xalqlar</a> Markaziy Osiyoning deyarli barcha qismiga tarqalishgan. Yevrosiyo dashtlarida asta-sekinlik bilan <a href="/wiki/Hind-yevropa_tillari" title="Hind-yevropa tillari">hind-yevropa tillarida</a> soʻzlashuvchi eroniy xalqlar oʻrniga, kelib chiqishi Sharqiy Osiyo va Moʻgʻulistonga borib taqaluvchi guruhlar hukmron mavqega ega boʻla boshladi.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> VIII asrga kelib mintaqaga <a href="/wiki/Arab_xalifaligi" title="Arab xalifaligi">Arab xalifaligi</a> va <a href="/wiki/Islom" title="Islom">Islom</a> kirib keldi, lekin aholi demografik holatiga sezilarli taʼsir koʻrsatmadi. XIII asrda hududning <a href="/wiki/Mo%CA%BBg%CA%BBullar_istilosi" title="Moʻgʻullar istilosi">moʻgʻul qabilalari tomonidan bosib olinishi</a> hududda katta demografik oʻzgarishlarga sabab boʻldi, lekin xalqlarning madaniy yoki lingvistik holatiga taʼsir koʻrsatmadi.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Markaziy Osiyo orqali oʻtgan istilo yoʻllari</b> </p><p>Qachonlardir <a href="/wiki/Hind-yevropa_tillari" title="Hind-yevropa tillari">hind-yevropa tillarida</a> soʻzlashuvchi <a href="/wiki/Eroniy_xalqlar" title="Eroniy xalqlar">eroniy</a> va boshqa xalqlar istiqomat qilgan Markaziy Osiyoga Janubiy Sibir va Moʻgʻulistondan koʻplab bosqinchilik yurishlari uyushtirilgan va bu hududga oʻz taʼsirini oʻtkazmasdan qolmagan. Genetik maʼlumotlar shuni koʻrsatadiki, bugungi kunda Markaziy Osiyoda istiqomat qiluvchi turli-xil <a href="/wiki/Turkiy_tillar" title="Turkiy tillar">turkiy tillarda</a> soʻzlashuvchi xalqlar vakillari geni ~22% va ~70% hollarda <a href="/wiki/Sharqiy_Osiyo" title="Sharqiy Osiyo">Sharqiy Osiyoga</a> borib taqalsa (boshqa shimoli-sharqiy Osiyoliklar va sibirliklarga ham xos boʻlgan „Baykal ovchi-termachi geni“), hududdagi <a href="/wiki/Eroniy_tillar" title="Eroniy tillar">eroniy tillarda</a> soʻzlashuvchi xalqlar, ayniqsa <a href="/wiki/Tojik" class="mw-redirect" title="Tojik">tojiklar</a> orasida hududda <a href="/wiki/Temir_davri" title="Temir davri">Temir davrida</a> istiqomat qilgan <a href="/wiki/Hind-yevropaliklar" title="Hind-yevropaliklar">hind-yevropaliklar</a> bilan genetik aloqadorlik borligi aniqlangan. Baʼzi turkiy etnik guruhlar, ayniqsa <a href="/wiki/Qozoqlar" title="Qozoqlar">qozoqlarda</a> undanda yuqori foizda Sharqiy Osiyo xalqlari bilan qardoshlik aniqlangan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Yirik_shaharlari">Yirik shaharlari</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_Osiyo&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Yirik shaharlari" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_Osiyo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Yirik shaharlari"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 100%; border: 1px solid darkgray; background: #f9f9f9"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10" style="padding:0.3em 0.75em;"><div style="float:right; width:6em; 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini" style="float: left;height:2.6em;"><ul><li class="nv-koʻrish"><a href="/wiki/Andoza:Markaziy_Osiyo" title="Andoza:Markaziy Osiyo"><abbr title="Bu andozani koʻrish">k</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-munozara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andoza_munozarasi:Markaziy_Osiyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andoza munozarasi:Markaziy Osiyo (sahifa yaratilmagan)"><abbr title="Bu andozani muhokama qilish">m</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-tahrirlash"><a href="/wiki/Maxsus:EditPage/Andoza:Markaziy_Osiyo" title="Maxsus:EditPage/Andoza:Markaziy Osiyo"><abbr title="Bu andozani tahrirlash">t</abbr></a></li></ul></div> <div style="height:2.6em;line-height:1.3em;"><span style="font-size:110%;">Markaziy Osiyoning eng yirik shaharlari</span><br /><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal;"><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th>Oʻrni </th> <th> </th> <th>Davlat </th> <th>Aholi </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Modern_Almaty.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Olmaota"><img alt="Olmaota" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Modern_Almaty.jpg/120px-Modern_Almaty.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Modern_Almaty.jpg/180px-Modern_Almaty.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Modern_Almaty.jpg/240px-Modern_Almaty.jpg 2x" data-file-width="583" data-file-height="436" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Olmaota" title="Olmaota">Olmaota</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Toshkent" title="Toshkent">Toshkent</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBzbekiston" title="Oʻzbekiston">Oʻzbekiston</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,040,800 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Olmaota" title="Olmaota">Olmaota</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Qozog%CA%BBiston" title="Qozogʻiston">Qozogʻiston</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,156,749 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ostona" title="Ostona">Ostona</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Qozog%CA%BBiston" title="Qozogʻiston">Qozogʻiston</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,350,228 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Shimkent" class="mw-redirect" title="Shimkent">Shimkent</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Qozog%CA%BBiston" title="Qozogʻiston">Qozogʻiston</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,189,209 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bishkek" title="Bishkek">Bishkek</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Qirg%CA%BBiziston" title="Qirgʻiziston">Qirgʻiziston</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,074,075 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ashxobod" title="Ashxobod">Ashxobod</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Turkmaniston" title="Turkmaniston">Turkmaniston</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">727,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Dushanbe" title="Dushanbe">Dushanbe</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Tojikiston" title="Tojikiston">Tojikiston</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">679,400 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Namangan" title="Namangan">Namangan</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBzbekiston" title="Oʻzbekiston">Oʻzbekiston</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.000.000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Aktobe" class="mw-redirect" title="Aktobe">Aktobe</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Qozog%CA%BBiston" title="Qozogʻiston">Qozogʻiston</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">560,820 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Samarqand" title="Samarqand">Samarqand</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBzbekiston" title="Oʻzbekiston">Oʻzbekiston</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.542.900 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="100">Shahar </th> <th>Gerbi </th> <th width="150">Davlat </th> <th width="100">Aholi </th> <th>Tasvir </th> <th>Maʼlumotlar </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ashxobod" title="Ashxobod">Ashxobod</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Ashgabat_(seal).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Ashgabat_%28seal%29.svg/60px-Ashgabat_%28seal%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Ashgabat_%28seal%29.svg/90px-Ashgabat_%28seal%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Ashgabat_%28seal%29.svg/120px-Ashgabat_%28seal%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="66" data-file-height="66" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Turkmaniston bayrogʻi"><img alt="Turkmaniston bayrogʻi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/25px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/38px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/50px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Turkmaniston" title="Turkmaniston">Turkmaniston</a></span> </td> <td>1,030,063 <p>(2022) </p> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Ashgabat_from_Sofitel_IMG_5379_(26018619592).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ashgabat_from_Sofitel_IMG_5379_%2826018619592%29.jpg/250px-Ashgabat_from_Sofitel_IMG_5379_%2826018619592%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ashgabat_from_Sofitel_IMG_5379_%2826018619592%29.jpg/375px-Ashgabat_from_Sofitel_IMG_5379_%2826018619592%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ashgabat_from_Sofitel_IMG_5379_%2826018619592%29.jpg/500px-Ashgabat_from_Sofitel_IMG_5379_%2826018619592%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td>Turkmaniston poytaxti va eng yirik shahri. 1818-yilda ruslar asos solgan qishloqdan oʻsib chiqqan shahar ancha yosh hisoblanadi. Shahar yaqinida <a href="/wiki/Parfiya" title="Parfiya">Parfiya davlatining</a> qadimgi poytaxti boʻlmish <a href="/wiki/Niso" title="Niso">Niso xarobalari</a> joylashgan. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bishkek" title="Bishkek">Bishkek</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Coat_of_arms_of_Bishkek_Kyrgyzstan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Coat_of_arms_of_Bishkek_Kyrgyzstan.svg/60px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bishkek_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Coat_of_arms_of_Bishkek_Kyrgyzstan.svg/90px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bishkek_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Coat_of_arms_of_Bishkek_Kyrgyzstan.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bishkek_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Qirgʻiziston bayrogʻi"><img alt="Qirgʻiziston bayrogʻi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/25px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/38px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/50px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Qirg%CA%BBiziston" title="Qirgʻiziston">Qirgʻiziston</a></span> </td> <td>1,074,075 <p>(2021) </p> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Bischkek.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Bischkek.jpg/250px-Bischkek.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Bischkek.jpg/375px-Bischkek.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Bischkek.jpg 2x" data-file-width="483" data-file-height="275" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td>Qirgʻiziston poytaxti va eng yirik shahri. Bishkek shuningdek Qirgʻizistonning <a href="/wiki/Chuy_(viloyat)" title="Chuy (viloyat)">Chuy viloyati</a> maʼmuriy markazidir. Ushbu viloyat shaharni oʻrab turadi, lekin shahar ushbu viloyat tarkibida emas, balki viloyat-maqomidagi birlikdir. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Buxoro" title="Buxoro">Buxoro</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Oʻzbekiston bayrogʻi"><img alt="Oʻzbekiston bayrogʻi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/25px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/38px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/50px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBzbekiston" title="Oʻzbekiston">Oʻzbekiston</a></span> </td> <td>280,187 (2020) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:2012_Bukhara_7515821196.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/2012_Bukhara_7515821196.jpg/250px-2012_Bukhara_7515821196.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/2012_Bukhara_7515821196.jpg/375px-2012_Bukhara_7515821196.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/2012_Bukhara_7515821196.jpg/500px-2012_Bukhara_7515821196.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span> </td> <td>Oʻzbekistonning <a href="/wiki/Buxoro_viloyati" title="Buxoro viloyati">Buxoro viloyati</a> markazi va mamlakatdagi beshinchi eng yirik shahar. Buxoro mil. av. VI asrda shakllangan Fors tamadduni dunyoga kelishi bilan uning markaziy nuqtalaridan biri hisoblangan. <a href="/wiki/Milod" title="Milod">milodiy</a> XII asrga kelib esa <a href="/wiki/Turkiy_tillar" title="Turkiy tillar">turkiy tilda</a> soʻzlashuvchilar koʻchib kelishni boshlagan. Shahar meʼmorchiligi va arxeologik yodgorliklari Markaziy Osiyo tarixi va sanʼatining tamal toshlaridan biridir. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dushanbe" title="Dushanbe">Dushanbe</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Coat_of_Arms_of_Dushanbe.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Coat_of_Arms_of_Dushanbe.png/60px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Dushanbe.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Coat_of_Arms_of_Dushanbe.png/91px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Dushanbe.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Coat_of_Arms_of_Dushanbe.png/121px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Dushanbe.png 2x" data-file-width="6956" data-file-height="7605" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tojikiston bayrogʻi"><img alt="Tojikiston bayrogʻi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/25px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/38px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/50px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tojikiston" title="Tojikiston">Tojikiston</a></span> </td> <td>1,201,800 <p>(2022) </p> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Palace_of_Nations_and_the_Flagpole,_Dushanbe,_Tajikistan.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Palace_of_Nations_and_the_Flagpole%2C_Dushanbe%2C_Tajikistan.JPG/250px-Palace_of_Nations_and_the_Flagpole%2C_Dushanbe%2C_Tajikistan.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Palace_of_Nations_and_the_Flagpole%2C_Dushanbe%2C_Tajikistan.JPG/375px-Palace_of_Nations_and_the_Flagpole%2C_Dushanbe%2C_Tajikistan.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Palace_of_Nations_and_the_Flagpole%2C_Dushanbe%2C_Tajikistan.JPG/500px-Palace_of_Nations_and_the_Flagpole%2C_Dushanbe%2C_Tajikistan.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1067" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td>Tojikiston poytaxti va eng yirik shahri. Ayonki, shahar nomi hafta kunini anglatadi va shaharning avvaliga xalq orasida mashhur <a href="/wiki/Dushanba" title="Dushanba">Dushanba</a> kunlik <a href="/wiki/Bozor" title="Bozor">bozor</a> oʻtkaziladigan qishloqdan oʻsib chiqqanini koʻrsatadi. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ostona" title="Ostona">Ostona</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Emblem_of_Astana_(latin).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Emblem_of_Astana_%28latin%29.svg/60px-Emblem_of_Astana_%28latin%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Emblem_of_Astana_%28latin%29.svg/90px-Emblem_of_Astana_%28latin%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Emblem_of_Astana_%28latin%29.svg/120px-Emblem_of_Astana_%28latin%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Qozogʻiston bayrogʻi"><img alt="Qozogʻiston bayrogʻi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/25px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/38px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/50px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Qozog%CA%BBiston" title="Qozogʻiston">Qozogʻiston</a></span> </td> <td>1,350,228 <p>(2022) </p> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Astana_Geschaeftsstr.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Astana_Geschaeftsstr.JPG/250px-Astana_Geschaeftsstr.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Astana_Geschaeftsstr.JPG/375px-Astana_Geschaeftsstr.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Astana_Geschaeftsstr.JPG/500px-Astana_Geschaeftsstr.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td>Qozogʻiston poytaxti va ikkinchi eng yirik shahri. 1994-yilda shahar yangi mustaqillikka erishgan respublikaning boʻlgʻusi poytaxti boʻlishi belgilandi va poytaxt 1997-yilda rasman <a href="/wiki/Olmaota" title="Olmaota">Olmaotadan</a> Ostonaga koʻchirildi. 2019-yilda shahar oʻz vazifasidan ketgan birinchi prezident <a href="/wiki/Nursulton_Nazarboyev" title="Nursulton Nazarboyev">Nursulton Nazarboyev</a> sharafiga „Nur-Sulton“ deb oʻzgartirildi, lekin 2022-yilda yana qayta Ostonaga oʻzgartirildi. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Olmaota" title="Olmaota">Olmaota</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Coat_of_arms_of_Almaty.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Coat_of_arms_of_Almaty.svg/60px-Coat_of_arms_of_Almaty.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Coat_of_arms_of_Almaty.svg/90px-Coat_of_arms_of_Almaty.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Coat_of_arms_of_Almaty.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Almaty.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Qozogʻiston bayrogʻi"><img alt="Qozogʻiston bayrogʻi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/25px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/38px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/50px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Qozog%CA%BBiston" title="Qozogʻiston">Qozogʻiston</a></span> </td> <td>2,211,198 (2023) </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Seyfullin_Avenue,_Almaty_(P1180251).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Seyfullin_Avenue%2C_Almaty_%28P1180251%29.jpg/250px-Seyfullin_Avenue%2C_Almaty_%28P1180251%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Seyfullin_Avenue%2C_Almaty_%28P1180251%29.jpg/375px-Seyfullin_Avenue%2C_Almaty_%28P1180251%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Seyfullin_Avenue%2C_Almaty_%28P1180251%29.jpg/500px-Seyfullin_Avenue%2C_Almaty_%28P1180251%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td>Mamlakatning eng yirik shahri. Shahar 1929-1997-yillar oraligʻida Qozogʻistonning (va undan oldin <a href="/wiki/Qozoq_SSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Qozoq SSR">Qozoq SSRning</a>) poytaxti boʻlgan. Poytaxt maqomini yoʻqotganiga qaramasdan, shahar Qozogʻistondagi yirik savdo-sanoat markazlaridan biri boʻlib qolmoqda. Olmaota Qozogʻistonning va Markaziy Osiyo mintaqasining tan olingan moliyaviy markazlaridan biridir. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBsh_(shahar)" title="Oʻsh (shahar)">Oʻsh</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Coat_of_arms_of_Osh.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Coat_of_arms_of_Osh.png/60px-Coat_of_arms_of_Osh.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Coat_of_arms_of_Osh.png/90px-Coat_of_arms_of_Osh.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Coat_of_arms_of_Osh.png/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Osh.png 2x" data-file-width="878" data-file-height="843" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Qirgʻiziston bayrogʻi"><img alt="Qirgʻiziston bayrogʻi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/25px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/38px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/50px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Qirg%CA%BBiziston" title="Qirgʻiziston">Qirgʻiziston</a></span> </td> <td>361,273 (2023) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Osh_03-2016_img28_view_from_Sulayman_Mountain.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Osh_03-2016_img28_view_from_Sulayman_Mountain.jpg/250px-Osh_03-2016_img28_view_from_Sulayman_Mountain.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Osh_03-2016_img28_view_from_Sulayman_Mountain.jpg/375px-Osh_03-2016_img28_view_from_Sulayman_Mountain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Osh_03-2016_img28_view_from_Sulayman_Mountain.jpg/500px-Osh_03-2016_img28_view_from_Sulayman_Mountain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4815" data-file-height="3210" /></a></span> </td> <td>Qirgʻizistondagi ikkinchi eng yirik shahar. Shuningdek, Oʻsh shaharni oʻrab turuvchi <a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBsh_(viloyat)" title="Oʻsh (viloyat)">Oʻsh viloyatining</a> maʼmuriy markazi hamdir. Ushbu viloyat shaharni oʻrab turadi, lekin shahar ushbu viloyat tarkibida emas, balki viloyat-maqomidagi birlikdir. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Qo%CA%BBqon" title="Qoʻqon">Qoʻqon</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Oʻzbekiston bayrogʻi"><img alt="Oʻzbekiston bayrogʻi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/25px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/38px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/50px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBzbekiston" title="Oʻzbekiston">Oʻzbekiston</a></span> </td> <td>259,700 (2022) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Khudayar_Khan_Palace,_Kokand_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Khudayar_Khan_Palace%2C_Kokand_01.JPG/249px-Khudayar_Khan_Palace%2C_Kokand_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="249" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Khudayar_Khan_Palace%2C_Kokand_01.JPG/374px-Khudayar_Khan_Palace%2C_Kokand_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Khudayar_Khan_Palace%2C_Kokand_01.JPG/498px-Khudayar_Khan_Palace%2C_Kokand_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3425" data-file-height="2568" /></a></span> </td> <td>Oʻzbekiston sharqidagi <a href="/wiki/Farg%CA%BBona_viloyati" title="Fargʻona viloyati">Fargʻona viloyatida</a> joylashgan shahar. <a href="/wiki/Farg%CA%BBona_vodiysi" title="Fargʻona vodiysi">Fargʻona vodiysining</a> janubi-gʻarbida joylashgan. Qoʻqon <a href="/wiki/Toshkent" title="Toshkent">Toshkentdan</a> 228 km janubi-sharqda, <a href="/wiki/Andijon_(shahar)" title="Andijon (shahar)">Andijondan</a> 115 km gʻarbda va <a href="/wiki/Farg%CA%BBona" title="Fargʻona">Fargʻonadan</a> 88 km gʻarbda joylashgan. Shahar baʼzan „Shamollar shahri“ deb ataladi. XVIII-XIX asrlarda mavjud boʻlgan <a href="/wiki/Qo%CA%BBqon_xonligi" title="Qoʻqon xonligi">Qoʻqon xonligi</a> poytaxti. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Samarqand" title="Samarqand">Samarqand</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Emblem_of_Samarkand.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Emblem_of_Samarkand.svg/60px-Emblem_of_Samarkand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Emblem_of_Samarkand.svg/90px-Emblem_of_Samarkand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Emblem_of_Samarkand.svg/120px-Emblem_of_Samarkand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="354" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Oʻzbekiston bayrogʻi"><img alt="Oʻzbekiston bayrogʻi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/25px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/38px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/50px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBzbekiston" title="Oʻzbekiston">Oʻzbekiston</a></span> </td> <td>513,572 (2019) </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Registan_square_Samarkand.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Registan_square_Samarkand.jpg/250px-Registan_square_Samarkand.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Registan_square_Samarkand.jpg/375px-Registan_square_Samarkand.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Registan_square_Samarkand.jpg/500px-Registan_square_Samarkand.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3752" data-file-height="2530" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td>Oʻzbekistondagi eng yirik ikkinchi shahar va <a href="/wiki/Samarqand_viloyati" title="Samarqand viloyati">Samarqand viloyati</a> markazi. Shahar ayniqsa Gʻarb va <a href="/wiki/Xitoy" title="Xitoy">Xitoy</a> orasidan oʻtgan <a href="/wiki/Buyuk_Ipak_yo%CA%BBli" title="Buyuk Ipak yoʻli">Buyuk Ipak yoʻlidagi</a> markaziy maqomi, shuningdek Markaziy Osiyo tamadduni beshiklaridan ekani bilan tanilgan. <a href="/wiki/Mirzo_Ulug%CA%BBbek" title="Mirzo Ulugʻbek">Mirzo Ulugʻbek (1394-1449)</a> aynan shu shaharda <a href="/wiki/Ulug%CA%BBbek_rasadxonasi" title="Ulugʻbek rasadxonasi">ulkan rasadxona</a> barpo etadi.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Toshkent" title="Toshkent">Toshkent</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Emblem_of_Tashkent.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Emblem_of_Tashkent.svg/60px-Emblem_of_Tashkent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Emblem_of_Tashkent.svg/90px-Emblem_of_Tashkent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Emblem_of_Tashkent.svg/120px-Emblem_of_Tashkent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="997" data-file-height="997" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Oʻzbekiston bayrogʻi"><img alt="Oʻzbekiston bayrogʻi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/25px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/38px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/50px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBzbekiston" title="Oʻzbekiston">Oʻzbekiston</a></span> </td> <td>3,000,000 (2023) </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Nest_One_Tashkent.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Nest_One_Tashkent.jpg/250px-Nest_One_Tashkent.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Nest_One_Tashkent.jpg/375px-Nest_One_Tashkent.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Nest_One_Tashkent.jpg/500px-Nest_One_Tashkent.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1916" data-file-height="1079" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td>Oʻzbekiston poytaxti. Oʻzbekiston va Markaziy Osiyodagi eng yirik shahar. Islomgacha va Islomning dastlabki davrlarida shahar <a href="/wiki/Shosh" title="Shosh">Choch</a> nomi bilan tanilgan. Toshkent <a href="/wiki/Chirchiq_(daryo)" title="Chirchiq (daryo)">Chirchiq daryosi</a> boʻyidagi voha sifatida paydo boʻlgan boʻlib, qadimgi davrlarda <a href="/wiki/Qang%27_Davlati" class="mw-redirect" title="Qang' Davlati">Qangʻ davlatining</a> yozgi poytaxti vazifasini bajargan.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manbalar">Manbalar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_Osiyo&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Manbalar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_Osiyo&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Manbalar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3605845">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span class="citation"><span lang="aniqlanmagan"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Central-Asia">„Central Asia“</a></span>.  Britannica. Qaraldi: 2023-yil 16-dekabr.</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1">2,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clifford_Edmund_Bosworth" class="extiw" title="en:Clifford Edmund Bosworth">Bosworth, C. E.</a> (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iranicaonline.org/articles/central-asia-iv">„CENTRAL ASIA iv. In the Islamic Period up to the Mongols“</a>. In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). <i>Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume V/2: C̆ehel Sotūn, Isfahan–Central Asia XIII</i>. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 169–172. ISBN <bdi>978-0-939214-69-3</bdi>. <q>In early Islamic times Persians tended to identify all the lands to the northeast of Khorasan and lying beyond the Oxus with the region of Turan, which in the Šāh-nāma of Ferdowsī is regarded as the land allotted to Ferēdūnʼs son Tūr. The denizens of Tūrān were held to include the Turks, in the first four centuries of Islam essentially those nomadizing beyond the Jaxartes, and behind them the Chinese (see Kowalski; Minorsky, „Tūrān“). Tūrān thus became both an ethnic and a geographical term, but always containing ambiguities and contradictions, arising from the fact that all through Islamic times the lands immediately beyond the Oxus and along its lower reaches were the homes not of Turks but of Iranian peoples, such as the Sogdians and Khwarezmians.</q></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation">C.E. Bosworth „The Appearance of the Arabs in Central Asia under the Umayyads and the establishment of Islam“, <i>. History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Vol. IV: The Age of Achievement: AD 750 to the End of the Fifteenth Century, Part One: The Historical, Social and Economic Setting</i>, Multiple History Series M. S. Asimov, C. E. Bosworth:<a href="/w/index.php?title=Andoza:Kitob_manbasi/editor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andoza:Kitob manbasi/editor (sahifa yaratilmagan)"> </a>. Paris: Motilal Banarsidass Publ./UNESCO Publishing, 1999 — 23-bet. „Central Asia in the early seventh century, was ethnically, still largely an Iranian land whose people used various Middle Iranian languages.“</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Civilizations+of+Central+Asia%2C+Vol.+IV%3A+The+Age+of+Achievement%3A+AD+750+to+the+End+of+the+Fifteenth+Century%2C+Part+One%3A+The+Historical%2C+Social+and+Economic+Setting&rft.atitle=The+Appearance+of+the+Arabs+in+Central+Asia+under+the+Umayyads+and+the+establishment+of+Islam&rft.au=C.E.+Bosworth&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass+Publ.%2FUNESCO+Publishing&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=23 &rft.series=Multiple+History+Series"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5263675">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFPhillipsJames2013" class="citation magazine cs1">Phillips, Andrew; James, Paul (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/2832538">„National Identity between Tradition and Reflexive Modernisation: The Contradictions of Central Asia"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>“</a>. <i>National Identities</i>. № 3 (1). 23–35-bet. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14608940020028475">10.1080/14608940020028475</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1460-8944">1460-8944</a>. „In Central Asia the collision of modernity and tradition led all but the most deracinated of the intellectuals-clerics to seek salvation in reconstituted variants of traditional identities rather than succumb to the modern European idea of nationalism. The inability of the elites to form a united front, as demonstrated in the numerous declarations of autonomy by different authorities during the Russian civil war, paved the way, in the early 1920s for the Soviet re-conquest of the Central Asia in the early 1920s“</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Identities&rft.atitle=National+Identity+between+Tradition+and+Reflexive+Modernisation%3A+The+Contradictions+of+Central+Asia%22&rft.issue=3+%281%29&rft.pages=23-35&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F14608940020028475&rft.issn=1460-8944&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.au=James%2C+Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F2832538&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fuz.wikipedia.org%3AMarkaziy+Osiyo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation">Frankopan, Peter<i>. The Silk Roads: A New History of the World</i>, First Vintage Books ed., New York: Vintage Books — xv–xvi-bet. <a href="/wiki/Maxsus:BookSources/978-1-101-94633-6." title="Maxsus:BookSources/978-1-101-94633-6.">ISBN <span style="white-space: nowrap;">978-1-101-94633-6.</span></a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Silk+Roads%3A+A+New+History+of+the+World&rft.au=Frankopan%2C+Peter&rft.edition=First+Vintage+Books+ed.&rft.pub=Vintage+Books&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=xv%E2%80%93xvi &rft.isbn=978-1-101-94633-6."> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span class="citation"><span lang="aniqlanmagan"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/odr/central-asias-koreans-in-korea-there-and-mostly-back-again/">„Central Asia’s Koreans in Korea: There and (Mostly) Back Again“</a></span> (28 August 2019).</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Demograficheskaya situatsiya" (PDF). <i>Statistika qoʻmitasi</i>. Qaraldi: 19-may, 2019-yil.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5263675"><cite id="CITEREFOkur2014" class="citation magazine cs1">Okur, Mehmet Akif (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/10035574">„Classical Texts of the Geopolitics and the "Heart of Eurasia“</a>. <i>Journal of Turkish World Studies</i>. № XIV (2). 73–104-bet.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Turkish+World+Studies&rft.atitle=Classical+Texts+of+the+Geopolitics+and+the+%22Heart+of+Eurasia&rft.issue=XIV+%282%29&rft.pages=73-104&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Okur&rft.aufirst=Mehmet+Akif&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F10035574&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fuz.wikipedia.org%3AMarkaziy+Osiyo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation">C.E. Bosworth „The Appearance of the Arabs in Central Asia under the Umayyads and the establishment of Islam“, <i>. History of Civilisations of Central Asia, Vol. IV: The Age of Achievement: AD 750 to the End of the Fifteenth Century, Part One: The Historical, Social and Economic Setting</i>, Multiple History Series M. S. Asimov; C. E. Bosworth:<a href="/w/index.php?title=Andoza:Kitob_manbasi/editor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andoza:Kitob manbasi/editor (sahifa yaratilmagan)"> </a>. Paris: UNESCO Publishing, 1998 — 23-bet. „Central Asia in the early seventh century, was ethnically, still largely an Iranian land whose people used various Middle Iranian languages.“</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Civilisations+of+Central+Asia%2C+Vol.+IV%3A+The+Age+of+Achievement%3A+AD+750+to+the+End+of+the+Fifteenth+Century%2C+Part+One%3A+The+Historical%2C+Social+and+Economic+Setting&rft.atitle=The+Appearance+of+the+Arabs+in+Central+Asia+under+the+Umayyads+and+the+establishment+of+Islam&rft.au=C.E.+Bosworth&rft.pub=UNESCO+Publishing&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=23 &rft.series=Multiple+History+Series"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5263675"><cite id="CITEREFDamgaardMarchiRasmussenPeyrot2018" class="citation magazine cs1">Damgaard, Peter de Barros; Marchi, Nina; Rasmussen, Simon; Peyrot, Michaël; Renaud, Gabriel; Korneliussen, Thorfinn; Moreno-Mayar, J. Víctor; Pedersen, Mikkel Winther; Goldberg, Amy; Usmanova, Emma; Baimukhanov, Nurbol; Loman, Valeriy; Hedeager, Lotte; Pedersen, Anders Gorm; Nielsen, Kasper (May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0094-2">„137 ancient human genomes from across the Eurasian steppes“</a>. <i>Nature</i>. № 557 (7705). 369–374-bet. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018Natur.557..369D">2018Natur.557..369D</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41586-018-0094-2">10.1038/s41586-018-0094-2</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687">1476-4687</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PMID&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PMID (sahifa yaratilmagan)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29743675">29743675</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=137+ancient+human+genomes+from+across+the+Eurasian+steppes&rft.issue=557+%287705%29&rft.pages=369-374&rft.date=2018-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fs41586-018-0094-2&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29743675&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2018Natur.557..369D&rft.aulast=Damgaard&rft.aufirst=Peter+de+Barros&rft.au=Marchi%2C+Nina&rft.au=Rasmussen%2C+Simon&rft.au=Peyrot%2C+Micha%C3%ABl&rft.au=Renaud%2C+Gabriel&rft.au=Korneliussen%2C+Thorfinn&rft.au=Moreno-Mayar%2C+J.+V%C3%ADctor&rft.au=Pedersen%2C+Mikkel+Winther&rft.au=Goldberg%2C+Amy%3B+Usmanova%2C+Emma%3B+Baimukhanov%2C+Nurbol%3B+Loman%2C+Valeriy%3B+Hedeager%2C+Lotte%3B+Pedersen%2C+Anders+Gorm%3B+Nielsen%2C+Kasper&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41586-018-0094-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fuz.wikipedia.org%3AMarkaziy+Osiyo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5263675"><cite id="CITEREFZhabagin,_Maxat;_Balanovska,_Elena;_Sabitov,_Zhaxylyk;_Kuznetsova,_Marina;_Agdzhoyan,_Anastasiya;_Balaganskaya,_Olga;_Chukhryaeva,_Marina;_Markina,_Nadezhda;_Romanov,_Alexey;_Skhalyakho,_Roza;_Zaporozhchenko,_Valery;_Saroyants,_Liudmila;_Dalimova,_Dilbar;_Davletchurin,_Damir;_Turdikulova,_Shahlo2017" class="citation magazine cs1">Zhabagin, Maxat; Balanovska, Elena; Sabitov, Zhaxylyk; Kuznetsova, Marina; Agdzhoyan, Anastasiya; Balaganskaya, Olga; Chukhryaeva, Marina; Markina, Nadezhda; Romanov, Alexey; Skhalyakho, Roza; Zaporozhchenko, Valery; Saroyants, Liudmila; Dalimova, Dilbar; Davletchurin, Damir; Turdikulova, Shahlo (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5465200">„The Connection of the Genetic, Cultural and Geographic Landscapes of Transoxiana“</a>. <i>Scientific Reports</i>. № 7 (1). 3085-bet. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017NatSR...7.3085Z">2017NatSR...7.3085Z</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41598-017-03176-z">10.1038/s41598-017-03176-z</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/2045-2322">2045-2322</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PMC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PMC (sahifa yaratilmagan)">PMC</a> <span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5465200">5465200</a></span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PMID&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PMID (sahifa yaratilmagan)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28596519">28596519</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+Reports&rft.atitle=The+Connection+of+the+Genetic%2C+Cultural+and+Geographic+Landscapes+of+Transoxiana&rft.issue=7+%281%29&rft.pages=3085&rft.date=2017&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5465200%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2017NatSR...7.3085Z&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28596519&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fs41598-017-03176-z&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft.au=Zhabagin%2C+Maxat%3B+Balanovska%2C+Elena%3B+Sabitov%2C+Zhaxylyk%3B+Kuznetsova%2C+Marina%3B+Agdzhoyan%2C+Anastasiya%3B+Balaganskaya%2C+Olga%3B+Chukhryaeva%2C+Marina%3B+Markina%2C+Nadezhda%3B+Romanov%2C+Alexey%3B+Skhalyakho%2C+Roza%3B+Zaporozhchenko%2C+Valery%3B+Saroyants%2C+Liudmila%3B+Dalimova%2C+Dilbar%3B+Davletchurin%2C+Damir%3B+Turdikulova%2C+Shahlo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5465200&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fuz.wikipedia.org%3AMarkaziy+Osiyo" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Andoza:Cite_magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Andoza:Cite magazine">cite magazine</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ()</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span class="citation"><span lang="aniqlanmagan"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stat.uz/ru/ofitsialnaya-statistika/demografiya-i-trud/demograficheskie-pokazateli/2400-chislennost-gorodskogo-i-selskogo-naseleniya-po-regionam-na-nachalo-goda-tysyach-chelovek">„Численность городского и сельского населения по регионам“</a></span>.  The State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Statistics. 2020-yil 7-noyabrda asl nusxadan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201107103107/https://stat.uz/ru/ofitsialnaya-statistika/demografiya-i-trud/demograficheskie-pokazateli/2400-chislennost-gorodskogo-i-selskogo-naseleniya-po-regionam-na-nachalo-goda-tysyach-chelovek">arxivlangan</a>. Qaraldi: 2018-yil 25-yanvar.</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span class="citation"><span lang="aniqlanmagan"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.gov.uz/ru/datasets/4967">„Административно-территориальное деление Наманганской области“</a></span>.  Портал открытых данных Республики Узбекистан. 2020-yil 21-aprelda asl nusxadan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200421125517/https://data.gov.uz/ru/datasets/4967">arxivlangan</a>. Qaraldi: 2018-yil 25-yanvar.</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span class="citation"><span lang="aniqlanmagan"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://samarkand.uz/towns_districts/samarkand">„Самарқанд шаҳри“</a></span>.  samarkand.uz. 2020-yil 23-sentyabrda asl nusxadan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200923054153/https://samarkand.uz/towns_districts/samarkand">arxivlangan</a>. Qaraldi: 2018-yil 25-yanvar.</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span class="citation"><span lang="aniqlanmagan"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geonames.org/KZ/largest-cities-in-kazakhstan.html">„Biggest Cities Kazakhstan“</a></span>. 2020-yil 3-noyabrda asl nusxadan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201103164504/http://www.geonames.org/KZ/largest-cities-in-kazakhstan.html">arxivlangan</a>. Qaraldi: 2021-yil 7-dekabr.</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span class="citation"><span lang="aniqlanmagan"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geonames.org/KG/largest-cities-in-kyrgyzstan.html">„Biggest Cities Kyrgyzstan“</a></span>. 2020-yil 10-mayda asl nusxadan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200510214511/http://www.geonames.org/KG/largest-cities-in-kyrgyzstan.html">arxivlangan</a>. Qaraldi: 2021-yil 7-dekabr.</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span class="citation"><span lang="aniqlanmagan"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geonames.org/TJ/largest-cities-in-tajikistan.html">„Biggest Cities Tajikistan“</a></span>. 2020-yil 27-iyulda asl nusxadan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727185830/http://www.geonames.org/TJ/largest-cities-in-tajikistan.html">arxivlangan</a>. Qaraldi: 2021-yil 7-dekabr.</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span class="citation"><span lang="aniqlanmagan"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geonames.org/TM/largest-cities-in-turkmenistan.html">„Biggest Cities Turkmenistan“</a></span>. 2020-yil 28-iyulda asl nusxadan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200728013401/http://www.geonames.org/TM/largest-cities-in-turkmenistan.html">arxivlangan</a>. Qaraldi: 2021-yil 7-dekabr.</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5263675"><cite id="CITEREFEhgamberdiev2009" class="citation magazine cs1">Ehgamberdiev, Shuhrat (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0017/001791/179113e.pdf">„Ulugh Beg: the scholar on the throne“</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>A World of Science</i>. № 7 (1). 21–23-bet.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=A+World+of+Science&rft.atitle=Ulugh+Beg%3A+the+scholar+on+the+throne&rft.issue=7+%281%29&rft.pages=21-23&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Ehgamberdiev&rft.aufirst=Shuhrat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funesdoc.unesco.org%2Fimages%2F0017%2F001791%2F179113e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fuz.wikipedia.org%3AMarkaziy+Osiyo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5263675"><cite id="CITEREFPulleyblank1963" class="citation magazine cs1">Pulleyblank, Edwin G. (1963). „The consonantal system of Old Chinese“. <i>Asia Major</i>. № 9. 94-bet.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asia+Major&rft.atitle=The+consonantal+system+of+Old+Chinese&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=94&rft.date=1963&rft.aulast=Pulleyblank&rft.aufirst=Edwin+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fuz.wikipedia.org%3AMarkaziy+Osiyo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3736688">.mw-parser-output .fmbox{clear:both;margin:0.2em 0;width:100%;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:#f8f9fa;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .fmbox-warning{border:1px solid #bb7070;background-color:#ffdbdb}.mw-parser-output .fmbox-editnotice{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .fmbox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .fmbox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .fmbox 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