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<!DOCTYPE html> <html > <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs"> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="ZvDlNMnzN1z+RFj/eysNanlM5DUa9jtUZj0HcWgjNA+WuoMLJw1mQX0RA64KebWnj4Sao4sbRieX2lEKm0I36w==" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="Effects of Hypoxia–Reoxygenation on Microvascular Endothelial Function in the Rat Hippocampal Slice " /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="1999" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Anesthesiology" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Michael Staunton" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Cathy Drexler" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Michael G. Dulitz" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Dale C. Ekbom" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="William T. Schmeling" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Neil E. Farber" /> <meta name="citation_volume" content="91" /> <meta name="citation_issue" content="5" /> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="1462-1462" /> <meta name="citation_issn" content="0003-3022" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/98562700/Effects_of_Hypoxia_Reoxygenation_on_Microvascular_Endothelial_Function_in_the_Rat_Hippocampal_Slice_" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Effects of Hypoxia–Reoxygenation on Microvascular Endothelial Function in the Rat Hippocampal Slice " /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Background Cerebral ischemia and hypoxia may cause injury to both neuronal and vascular tissue. The direct effects of hypoxia on endothelial function in intraparenchymal cerebral arterioles are unknown. Using a modification of the rat brain slice" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/twitter-card.jpeg" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/98562700/Effects_of_Hypoxia_Reoxygenation_on_Microvascular_Endothelial_Function_in_the_Rat_Hippocampal_Slice_" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Effects of Hypoxia–Reoxygenation on Microvascular Endothelial Function in the Rat Hippocampal Slice " /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Background Cerebral ischemia and hypoxia may cause injury to both neuronal and vascular tissue. The direct effects of hypoxia on endothelial function in intraparenchymal cerebral arterioles are unknown. Using a modification of the rat brain slice" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://independent.academia.edu/CathyDrexler" /> <meta name="description" content="Background Cerebral ischemia and hypoxia may cause injury to both neuronal and vascular tissue. The direct effects of hypoxia on endothelial function in intraparenchymal cerebral arterioles are unknown. Using a modification of the rat brain slice" /> <title>(PDF) Effects of Hypoxia–Reoxygenation on Microvascular Endothelial Function in the Rat Hippocampal Slice | Cathy Drexler - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/98562700/Effects_of_Hypoxia_Reoxygenation_on_Microvascular_Endothelial_Function_in_the_Rat_Hippocampal_Slice_" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '49879c2402910372f4abc62630a427bbe033d190'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732408222000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732408222000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"Background Cerebral ischemia and hypoxia may cause injury to both neuronal and vascular tissue. The direct effects of hypoxia on endothelial function in intraparenchymal cerebral arterioles are unknown. Using a modification of the rat brain slice preparation, allowing continuous imaging of these previously inaccessible vessels, microvessel dilation was evaluated before and after a brief hypoxic episode. Methods Rat brain slices were superfused with oxygenated artificial cerebrospinal fluid. Hippocampal arterioles were visualized using computerized videomicroscopy, and their diameters (range, 12-27 microm) were measured using image analysis. After preconstriction with prostaglandin F2alpha and controlled pH and carbon dioxide tension, graded concentrations of either acetylcholine (endothelium-dependent vasodilation) or sodium nitroprusside (endothelium-independent vasodilation) were given before and after a 10-min period of hypoxia. Results Sodium nitroprusside (100 microM) caused si...","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Cathy Drexler"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2023-03-15","dateModified":"2023-03-15","datePublished":"1999-01-01","headline":"Effects of Hypoxia–Reoxygenation on Microvascular Endothelial Function in the Rat Hippocampal Slice ","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Anesthesiology","Microcirculation","Medicine","Hippocampus","Nitric oxide","Animals","Male","Anesthesia","Vascular endothelium","Acetylcholine","Clinical Sciences","Endothelial Function","Rats","ENDOTHELIUM","Blood gas analysis","Vasodilation","Sodium Nitroprusside","nitroprusside","Arterioles","In Vitro Techniques"],"locationCreated":null,"publication":"Anesthesiology","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)"},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/98562700/Effects_of_Hypoxia_Reoxygenation_on_Microvascular_Endothelial_Function_in_the_Rat_Hippocampal_Slice_","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":null}]}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/loswp-352e32ba4e89304dc0b4fa5b3952eef2198174c54cdb79066bc62e91c68a1a91.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-8d679e925718b5e8e4b18e9a4fab37f7eaa99e43386459376559080ac8f2856a.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-3cea6e0ad4715ed965c49bfb15dedfc632787b32ff6d8c3a474182b231146ab7.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/text_button-73590134e40cdb49f9abdc8e796cc00dc362693f3f0f6137d6cf9bb78c318ce7.css" /><link crossorigin="" 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[{"id":99879141,"identifier":"Attachment_99879141","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":98562700,"created_at":"2023-03-15T04:49:50.122-07:00","from_world_paper_id":229659527,"updated_at":"2023-03-15T05:12:53.947-07:00","_data":{"abstract":"Background Cerebral ischemia and hypoxia may cause injury to both neuronal and vascular tissue. The direct effects of hypoxia on endothelial function in intraparenchymal cerebral arterioles are unknown. Using a modification of the rat brain slice preparation, allowing continuous imaging of these previously inaccessible vessels, microvessel dilation was evaluated before and after a brief hypoxic episode. Methods Rat brain slices were superfused with oxygenated artificial cerebrospinal fluid. Hippocampal arterioles were visualized using computerized videomicroscopy, and their diameters (range, 12-27 microm) were measured using image analysis. After preconstriction with prostaglandin F2alpha and controlled pH and carbon dioxide tension, graded concentrations of either acetylcholine (endothelium-dependent vasodilation) or sodium nitroprusside (endothelium-independent vasodilation) were given before and after a 10-min period of hypoxia. Results Sodium nitroprusside (100 microM) caused si...","publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","publication_date":"1999,,","publication_name":"Anesthesiology"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Effects of Hypoxia–Reoxygenation on Microvascular Endothelial Function in the Rat Hippocampal Slice ","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [32291038]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":99879141,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Effects of Hypoxia–Reoxygenation on Microvascular Endothelial Function in the Rat Hippocampal Slice ”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/99879141/mini_magick20230315-1-xz21vb.png?1678881119" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Effects of Hypoxia–Reoxygenation on Microvascular Endothelial Function in the Rat Hippocampal Slice </h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32291038" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CathyDrexler"><img alt="Profile image of Cathy Drexler" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />Cathy Drexler</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">1999, Anesthesiology</p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Background Cerebral ischemia and hypoxia may cause injury to both neuronal and vascular tissue. The direct effects of hypoxia on endothelial function in intraparenchymal cerebral arterioles are unknown. Using a modification of the rat brain slice preparation, allowing continuous imaging of these previously inaccessible vessels, microvessel dilation was evaluated before and after a brief hypoxic episode. Methods Rat brain slices were superfused with oxygenated artificial cerebrospinal fluid. Hippocampal arterioles were visualized using computerized videomicroscopy, and their diameters (range, 12-27 microm) were measured using image analysis. After preconstriction with prostaglandin F2alpha and controlled pH and carbon dioxide tension, graded concentrations of either acetylcholine (endothelium-dependent vasodilation) or sodium nitroprusside (endothelium-independent vasodilation) were given before and after a 10-min period of hypoxia. Results Sodium nitroprusside (100 microM) caused si...</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":99879141,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/98562700/Effects_of_Hypoxia_Reoxygenation_on_Microvascular_Endothelial_Function_in_the_Rat_Hippocampal_Slice_"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":99879141,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/98562700/Effects_of_Hypoxia_Reoxygenation_on_Microvascular_Endothelial_Function_in_the_Rat_Hippocampal_Slice_"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="99879141" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/98562700/Effects_of_Hypoxia_Reoxygenation_on_Microvascular_Endothelial_Function_in_the_Rat_Hippocampal_Slice_" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="100927085" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/100927085/Hypoxia_induces_angiogenic_factors_in_brain_microvascular_endothelial_cells">Hypoxia induces angiogenic factors in brain microvascular endothelial cells</a><div 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Hypoxic adaptation in brain vascularity did not change during 8 wks of hypoxia, and the hypoxia-induced levels measured in the vasculature returned to control levels 2 wks after the termination of hypoxia in areas of the brain ot...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Vascular changes in the rat brain during chronic hypoxia in the presence and absence of hypercapnia","attachmentId":93864493,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90250081/Vascular_changes_in_the_rat_brain_during_chronic_hypoxia_in_the_presence_and_absence_of_hypercapnia","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/90250081/Vascular_changes_in_the_rat_brain_during_chronic_hypoxia_in_the_presence_and_absence_of_hypercapnia"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="23870259" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23870259/Heterogeneities_of_regional_cerebral_blood_flow_during_hypoxia_ischemia_in_the_rat">Heterogeneities of regional cerebral blood flow during hypoxia-ischemia in the rat</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32789120" href="https://upenn.academia.edu/MartinReivich">Martin Reivich</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Stroke, 1976</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Heterogeneities of regional cerebral blood flow during hypoxia-ischemia in the rat","attachmentId":44262011,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/23870259/Heterogeneities_of_regional_cerebral_blood_flow_during_hypoxia_ischemia_in_the_rat","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/23870259/Heterogeneities_of_regional_cerebral_blood_flow_during_hypoxia_ischemia_in_the_rat"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="64377230" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/64377230/3D_analysis_of_intracortical_microvasculature_during_chronic_hypoxia_in_mouse_brains">3D analysis of intracortical microvasculature during chronic hypoxia in mouse brains</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="162642344" href="https://ndmc-jp.academia.edu/ShinpeiOkawa">Shinpei Okawa</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The purpose of this study is to determine when and where the brain microvasculature changes its network in response to chronic hypoxia. To identify the hypoxia-induced structural adaptation, we longitudinally imaged cortical microvasculature at the same location within a mouse somatosensory cortex with two-photon microscopy repeatedly for up to 1 month during continuous exposure to hypoxia (either 8 or 10% oxygen conditions). The two-photon microscopy approach made it possible to track a 3D pathway from a cortical surface arteriole to a venule up to a depth of 0.8 mm from the cortical surface. The network pathway was then divided into individual vessel segments at the branches, and their diameters and lengths were measured. We observed 3-11 vessel segments between the penetrating arteriole and the emerging vein over the depths of 20-460 μm within the 3D reconstructed image (0.46 × 0.46 × 0.80 mm(3)). The average length of the individual capillaries (&lt;7 μm in diameter) was 67 ± 46...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"3D analysis of intracortical microvasculature during chronic hypoxia in mouse brains","attachmentId":76441397,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/64377230/3D_analysis_of_intracortical_microvasculature_during_chronic_hypoxia_in_mouse_brains","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/64377230/3D_analysis_of_intracortical_microvasculature_during_chronic_hypoxia_in_mouse_brains"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="17814982" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17814982/Vascular_response_to_hypoxic_preconditioning_in_the_immature_brain">Vascular response to hypoxic preconditioning in the immature brain</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="37738506" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SusanVannucci">Susan Vannucci</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow &#38; Metabolism, 2006</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Vascular response to hypoxic preconditioning in the immature brain","attachmentId":39726000,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17814982/Vascular_response_to_hypoxic_preconditioning_in_the_immature_brain","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/17814982/Vascular_response_to_hypoxic_preconditioning_in_the_immature_brain"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="74170497" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74170497/Increased_brain_capillaries_in_chronic_hypoxia">Increased brain capillaries in chronic hypoxia</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="47968559" href="https://marshfieldclinic.academia.edu/JaimeBoero">Jaime Boero</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Applied Physiology</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The effect of chronic hypobaric hypoxia (28 days, 455 Torr) on the organization of brain vessels was studied in Balb/c mice. In comparison to age-matched controls kept at sea level, emulsion-perfused capillaries in hypoxic mice showed marked dilation in all brain areas studied. Capillary length per unit volume of tissue ( L v) was increased in the cerebellar granular layer, the caudate nucleus, the globus pallidus, the substantia nigra, the superior colliculus, and the dentate gyrus. There was a selective increase of L v in the hippocampus (CA1 strata pyramidale and lacunosum and CA3 strata pyramidale and oriens) and in somatosensory cortex layers V and VI, motor cortex layers II, III, V, and VI, and auditory cortex layers II and III. An increase in capillary surface area per unit volume of tissue was also determined in several brain areas, including layer IV of somatosensory cortex, where L v was not significantly increased. The O2diffusion conductance and [Formula: see text] in th...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Increased brain capillaries in chronic hypoxia","attachmentId":82623725,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74170497/Increased_brain_capillaries_in_chronic_hypoxia","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/74170497/Increased_brain_capillaries_in_chronic_hypoxia"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="62215220" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/62215220/Nitric_oxide_mediates_hypoxia_induced_changes_in_paracellular_permeability_of_cerebral_microvasculature">Nitric oxide mediates hypoxia-induced changes in paracellular permeability of cerebral microvasculature</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="64034623" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JasonHuber5">Jason Huber</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 2003</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Ischemic stroke from a reduction in blood flow to the brain microvasculature results in a subsequent decreased delivery of oxygen (i.e., hypoxia) and vital nutrients to endothelial, neuronal, and glial cells. Hypoxia associated with stroke has been shown to increase paracellular permeability of the blood-brain barrier, leading to the release of cellular mediators and brain tissue injury. Whereas reperfusion does not occur in all ischemic strokes, increased permeability has been seen in posthypoxic reoxygenation. Currently, it is unknown whether these deleterious effects result from cellular mechanisms stimulated by decreased oxygen during stroke or posthypoxic reoxygenation stress. This study used primary bovine brain microvessel endothelial cells (BBMECs) to examine the involvement of nitric oxide (NO) as a mediator in hypoxia-induced permeability changes. Hypoxia-induced increased transport of [14C]sucrose across BBMEC monolayers compared with normoxia was attenuated by either pos...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Nitric oxide mediates hypoxia-induced changes in paracellular permeability of cerebral microvasculature","attachmentId":75049322,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/62215220/Nitric_oxide_mediates_hypoxia_induced_changes_in_paracellular_permeability_of_cerebral_microvasculature","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/62215220/Nitric_oxide_mediates_hypoxia_induced_changes_in_paracellular_permeability_of_cerebral_microvasculature"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="115813538" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/115813538/Cerebrovascular_changes_in_the_rat_brain_in_two_models_of_ischemia">Cerebrovascular changes in the rat brain in two models of ischemia</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="285833457" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AminAbdulbasit2">Amin Abdulbasit</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Pathophysiology, 2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Cerebrovascular changes in the rat brain in two models of ischemia","attachmentId":112116542,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/115813538/Cerebrovascular_changes_in_the_rat_brain_in_two_models_of_ischemia","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/115813538/Cerebrovascular_changes_in_the_rat_brain_in_two_models_of_ischemia"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":99879141,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":99879141,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_99879141" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="85719380" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/85719380/Endothelial_mediated_regulation_of_cerebral_microcirculation">Endothelial-mediated regulation of cerebral microcirculation</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32372472" href="https://huji.academia.edu/EShohami">E. Shohami</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society, 2006</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Endothelial-mediated regulation of cerebral microcirculation","attachmentId":90333326,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/85719380/Endothelial_mediated_regulation_of_cerebral_microcirculation","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/85719380/Endothelial_mediated_regulation_of_cerebral_microcirculation"><span 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data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="47751044" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47751044/Subfield_specific_neurovascular_remodeling_in_the_entorhino_hippocampal_organotypic_slice_culture_as_a_response_to_oxygen_glucose_deprivation_and_excitotoxic_cell_death">Subfield-specific neurovascular remodeling in the entorhino-hippocampal-organotypic slice culture as a response to oxygen–glucose deprivation and excitotoxic cell death</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35981353" href="https://unibasel.academia.edu/CordulaNitsch">Cordula Nitsch</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, 2013</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" 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href="https://independent.academia.edu/OlivierMontigon">Olivier Montigon</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">British Journal of Anaesthesia, 2002</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Regional response of cerebral blood volume to graded hypoxic hypoxia in rat brain","attachmentId":47584916,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27328433/Regional_response_of_cerebral_blood_volume_to_graded_hypoxic_hypoxia_in_rat_brain","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" 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ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Applied Physiology, 2012</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Middle cerebral artery alterations in a rat chronic hypoperfusion model","attachmentId":69123120,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/51370438/Middle_cerebral_artery_alterations_in_a_rat_chronic_hypoperfusion_model","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/51370438/Middle_cerebral_artery_alterations_in_a_rat_chronic_hypoperfusion_model"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" 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class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="31501952" href="https://independent.academia.edu/OlavHaraldseth">Olav Haraldseth</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">NMR in Biomedicine, 1996</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A Study of the Contribution of Changes in the Cerebral Blood Volume to the Haemodynamic Response to Anoxia in Rat Brain","attachmentId":46078513,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/12574497/A_Study_of_the_Contribution_of_Changes_in_the_Cerebral_Blood_Volume_to_the_Haemodynamic_Response_to_Anoxia_in_Rat_Brain","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free 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Heart and circulatory physiology, 2003</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Effects of hypoxia-reoxygenation on rat blood-brain barrier permeability and tight junctional protein expression","attachmentId":99596408,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/98172530/Effects_of_hypoxia_reoxygenation_on_rat_blood_brain_barrier_permeability_and_tight_junctional_protein_expression","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/98172530/Effects_of_hypoxia_reoxygenation_on_rat_blood_brain_barrier_permeability_and_tight_junctional_protein_expression"><span 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data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/105024622/Neuronal_and_astrocytic_interactions_modulate_brain_endothelial_properties_during_metabolic_stresses_of_in_vitro_cerebral_ischemia">Neuronal and astrocytic interactions modulate brain endothelial properties during metabolic stresses of in vitro cerebral ischemia</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="257091773" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GantaChaitanya1">Ganta Chaitanya</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Cell Communication and Signaling, 2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Neuronal and astrocytic interactions modulate brain endothelial 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data-collection-position="14" data-entity-id="24134414" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24134414/Cerebral_ischemia_revisited_New_insights_as_revealed_using_in_vitro_brain_slice_preparations">Cerebral ischemia revisited: New insights as revealed using in vitro brain slice preparations</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="46551221" href="https://louisville.academia.edu/BRigor">B. Rigor</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Experientia, 1989</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Cerebral ischemia revisited: New insights as revealed using in vitro brain slice preparations","attachmentId":44492390,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/24134414/Cerebral_ischemia_revisited_New_insights_as_revealed_using_in_vitro_brain_slice_preparations","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/24134414/Cerebral_ischemia_revisited_New_insights_as_revealed_using_in_vitro_brain_slice_preparations"><span 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