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The gujjars are primarily nomads who move fromplains to the higher altitudes with their" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://independent.academia.edu/RATHERTAJAMULISLAM" /> <meta name="description" content="Gujjar and Bakarwals are two nomadic tribes of Jammu and Kashmir who have been given ScheduledTribe (ST) status due to their migratory and backward nature. The gujjars are primarily nomads who move fromplains to the higher altitudes with their" /> <title>(PDF) “Educational Status of Tribals of Jammu and Kashmir: A Case Study of Gujjars and Bakarwalls in District Pulwama”</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/73796022/_Educational_Status_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_A_Case_Study_of_Gujjars_and_Bakarwalls_in_District_Pulwama_" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = 'b092bf3a3df71cf13feee7c143e83a57eb6b94fb'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1739809755000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1739809755000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"Gujjar and Bakarwals are two nomadic tribes of Jammu and Kashmir who have been given ScheduledTribe (ST) status due to their migratory and backward nature. The gujjars are primarily nomads who move fromplains to the higher altitudes with their cattles as part of their annual season journeys with their livestock. The literacy rate of Gujjar and Bakkarwals is quite low. There are a number of educational provisions for migratory Gujjar-Bakkarwal populations in the form of stationary and permanent government schools at different places all over the state. But at the summer locations where the good numbers of nomadic children are available who move there with their parents, the educational facilities are again very less. For the education of the children of the nomadic populations of Gujjar and Bakkarwals, ‘Seasonal Educational Schools’ have been set up where the teachers do not accompany the nomadic children but continue to remain at the temporary camps of the nomads and provide educati...","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"RATHER TAJAMUL ISLAM","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RATHERTAJAMULISLAM"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2022-03-15","datePublished":"2018-01-01","headline":"“Educational Status of Tribals of Jammu and Kashmir: A Case Study of Gujjars and Bakarwalls in District 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The gujjars are primarily nomads who move fromplains to the higher altitudes with their cattles as part of their annual season journeys with their livestock. The literacy rate of Gujjar and Bakkarwals is quite low. There are a number of educational provisions for migratory Gujjar-Bakkarwal populations in the form of stationary and permanent government schools at different places all over the state. But at the summer locations where the good numbers of nomadic children are available who move there with their parents, the educational facilities are again very less. For the education of the children of the nomadic populations of Gujjar and Bakkarwals, ‘Seasonal Educational Schools’ have been set up where the teachers do not accompany the nomadic children but continue to remain at the temporary camps of the nomads and provide educati...","publication_date":"2018,,"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"“Educational Status of Tribals of Jammu and Kashmir: A Case Study of Gujjars and Bakarwalls in District Pulwama”","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [55716610]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; 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if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Gujjar and Bakarwals are two nomadic tribes of Jammu and Kashmir who have been given ScheduledTribe (ST) status due to their migratory and backward nature. The gujjars are primarily nomads who move fromplains to the higher altitudes with their cattles as part of their annual season journeys with their livestock. The literacy rate of Gujjar and Bakkarwals is quite low. There are a number of educational provisions for migratory Gujjar-Bakkarwal populations in the form of stationary and permanent government schools at different places all over the state. But at the summer locations where the good numbers of nomadic children are available who move there with their parents, the educational facilities are again very less. For the education of the children of the nomadic populations of Gujjar and Bakkarwals, ‘Seasonal Educational Schools’ have been set up where the teachers do not accompany the nomadic children but continue to remain at the temporary camps of the nomads and provide educati...</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":82178409,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/73796022/_Educational_Status_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_A_Case_Study_of_Gujjars_and_Bakarwalls_in_District_Pulwama_"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":82178409,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/73796022/_Educational_Status_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_A_Case_Study_of_Gujjars_and_Bakarwalls_in_District_Pulwama_"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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The Bakkarwals are primarily nomads who move from plains to the higher altitudes with their flock as part of their annual season journeys with their livestock.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies A study of educational status of tribal Bakkarwal children of Kalakote Block in Rajouri District of Jammu and Kashmir","attachmentId":49274593,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/28854386/Asian_Journal_of_Multidisciplinary_Studies_A_study_of_educational_status_of_tribal_Bakkarwal_children_of_Kalakote_Block_in_Rajouri_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/28854386/Asian_Journal_of_Multidisciplinary_Studies_A_study_of_educational_status_of_tribal_Bakkarwal_children_of_Kalakote_Block_in_Rajouri_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="6252560" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6252560/Teaching_the_nomads_in_the_wild_An_analysis_of_seasonal_educational_schools_for_nomadic_populations_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir">Teaching the nomads in the wild: An analysis of seasonal educational schools for nomadic populations in Jammu and Kashmir</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="273840" href="https://jammuuniversity.academia.edu/DrKavitaSuri">Prof. (Dr.) Kavita Suri</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Gujjar and Bakkarwal tribes are the scheduled tribes found in all the three regions of the state of Jammu and Kashmir, one of the border states of India. Out of the total twelve Scheduled Tribes of J&K, Gujjar and Bakkarwal tribes form 69.1 percent of the total ST population. These twin tribes which also form the third largest community in Jammu and Kashmir, are mostly nomadic who move to the lower and middle mountain areas of Pir Panjal in search of better pastures in the summer with their cattle and come back to the plains in the winters.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Teaching the nomads in the wild: An analysis of seasonal educational schools for nomadic populations in Jammu and Kashmir","attachmentId":33110818,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/6252560/Teaching_the_nomads_in_the_wild_An_analysis_of_seasonal_educational_schools_for_nomadic_populations_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/6252560/Teaching_the_nomads_in_the_wild_An_analysis_of_seasonal_educational_schools_for_nomadic_populations_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="40816269" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40816269/Educational_Status_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_A_Case_of_Gujjars_and_Bakarwals">Educational Status of Tribals of Jammu & Kashmir: A Case of Gujjars and Bakarwals</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="88611589" href="https://smriti.academia.edu/anzar">Anzar Bhatti</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Education as a means of advancement of capacity, well -being and opportunity is uncontested and more so among communities on the periphery. In India, marked improvements in access and to some extent in quality of education in tribal areas have occurred and stem from various government and non-government initiatives. However, the number of out-of-school children continues to be several millions mainly due to lack of proper infrastructure, teacher absenteeism and attitude, parental poverty, seasonal migration, lack of interest and parental motivation etc. The scenario of tribal education is no way different than other states in Jammu and Kashmir. In Jammu & Kashmir the overall literacy rate of the Scheduled tribes as per the census 2001 is 3.7percent which is much lower than the national average of 47.1percent aggregated for all S.Ts. Though various efforts have been made by the government for the development of education among tribal communities but much more still needs to do. In this paper an attempt has been made to explore the existing educational status of two prominent tribal communities of Jammu and Kashmir-Gujjars and Bakarwals. The study has been conducted in five tribal villages of district Anantnag. 124 households were selected with the help of stratified sampling for the survey. The study apart from presenting the existing educational status of Gujjars and Bakarwals in the area also provides suitable recommendations for the development of education among these tribal communities.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Educational Status of Tribals of Jammu \u0026 Kashmir: A Case of Gujjars and Bakarwals","attachmentId":61098714,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/40816269/Educational_Status_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_A_Case_of_Gujjars_and_Bakarwals","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/40816269/Educational_Status_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_A_Case_of_Gujjars_and_Bakarwals"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="110335470" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/110335470/Educational_Status_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_amp_Kashmir_A_Case_of_Gujjars_and_Bakarwals">Educational Status of Tribals of Jammu &amp; Kashmir: A Case of Gujjars and Bakarwals</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6070711" href="https://independent.academia.edu/umersofi">umer sofi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International journal of social sciences, 2014</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Education as a means of advancement of capacity, well-being and opportunity is uncontested and more so among communities on the periphery. In India, marked improvements in access and to some extent in quality of education in tribal areas have occurred and stem from various government and non-government initiatives. However, the number of out-of-school children continues to be several millions mainly due to lack of proper infrastructure, teacher absenteeism and attitude, parental poverty, seasonal migration, lack of interest and parental motivation etc. The scenario of tribal education is no way different than other states in Jammu and Kashmir. In Jammu & Kashmir the overall literacy rate of the Scheduled tribes as per the census 2001 is 3.7percent which is much lower than the national average of 47.1percent aggregated for all S.Ts. Though various efforts have been made by the government for the development of education among tribal communities but much more still needs to do. In this paper an attempt has been made to explore the existing educational status of two prominent tribal communities of Jammu and Kashmir-Gujjars and Bakarwals. The study has been conducted in five tribal villages of district Anantnag. 124 households were selected with the help of stratified sampling for the survey. The study apart from presenting the existing educational status of Gujjars and Bakarwals in the area also provides suitable recommendations for the development of education among these tribal communities.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Educational Status of Tribals of Jammu \u0026amp; Kashmir: A Case of Gujjars and Bakarwals","attachmentId":108184255,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/110335470/Educational_Status_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_amp_Kashmir_A_Case_of_Gujjars_and_Bakarwals","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/110335470/Educational_Status_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_amp_Kashmir_A_Case_of_Gujjars_and_Bakarwals"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="28854394" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28854394/A_study_of_educational_status_of_tribal_Bakkarwal_children_of_Kalakote_Block_in_Rajouri_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir">A study of educational status of tribal Bakkarwal children of Kalakote Block in Rajouri District of Jammu and Kashmir</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="273840" href="https://jammuuniversity.academia.edu/DrKavitaSuri">Prof. (Dr.) Kavita Suri</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Gujjar and Bakkarwals are the twin nomadic community of Jammu and Kashmir who have been granted Scheduled Tribe (ST) status due to their backwardness. The Bakkarwals are primarily nomads who move from plains to the higher altitudes with their flock as part of their annual season journeys with their livestock. The literacy rate among the Bakkarwal community is quite low in comparison to other 12 ST communities in the state. The present paper focuses on the status of education among the nomadic Bakkarwal children in Kakalote block of border district of Rajouri. The study aims to explore the reasons behind educational backwardness among Bakkarwal tribes, if any. Besides it also seeks to find out the measures taken by the Jammu and Kashmir government to provide education to nomads/Bakkarwal tribes.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A study of educational status of tribal Bakkarwal children of Kalakote Block in Rajouri District of Jammu and Kashmir","attachmentId":49274600,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/28854394/A_study_of_educational_status_of_tribal_Bakkarwal_children_of_Kalakote_Block_in_Rajouri_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/28854394/A_study_of_educational_status_of_tribal_Bakkarwal_children_of_Kalakote_Block_in_Rajouri_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="6173730" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6173730/Challenges_in_Education_of_Tribal_Children_in_Poonch_district_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir">Challenges in Education of Tribal Children in Poonch district of Jammu and Kashmir</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="273840" href="https://jammuuniversity.academia.edu/DrKavitaSuri">Prof. (Dr.) Kavita Suri</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The twin border districts of Poonch and Rajouri in Jammu province in the Himalayan state of Jammu and Kashmir have a significant population of Scheduled Tribes. Poonch district has 36.9 % population of Gujjar and Bakkarwal scheduled tribes both of which are nomadic in character. A majority of the Scheduled Tribe population of Poonch district migrates to higher reaches in summer with their cattle, sheep, goat and buffalos in search of better pastures for their herds due to which their children are deprived of education. Each year, over 20,000 people migrate to the summer pastures as part of their annual seasonal migratory practices, from the twin border districts of Poonch and Rajouri to the Pir Panjal ranges and further. The present paper seeks to understand the challenges of elementary education among scheduled tribes of Poonch district. It would also explore the initiatives taken by the government for the education of STs in Poonch and would suggest some measures for improving educational levels of the tribes in Poonch.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Challenges in Education of Tribal Children in Poonch district of Jammu and Kashmir","attachmentId":33058695,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/6173730/Challenges_in_Education_of_Tribal_Children_in_Poonch_district_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/6173730/Challenges_in_Education_of_Tribal_Children_in_Poonch_district_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="36434722" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36434722/A_study_of_educational_status_of_tribal_gujjars_of_Vijaypur_Block_in_Samba_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir">A study of educational status of tribal gujjars of Vijaypur Block in Samba District of Jammu and Kashmir</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="28275537" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EuroAsiaInternationalJournal">Euro Asia International Journals</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">ABSTRACT Jammu and Kashmir is a habitat to quite a number of tribal communities, who have settled down in every nook and corner of this hilly countryside. The tribal people and their places, the tribals and their customs, their cultures, their means of communication, or simply their culinary arts, makes the tribes of J&K stand out from the rest of Indian tribesmen. Gujjar and Bakarwals are two nomadic tribes of Jammu and Kashmir who have been given Scheduled Tribe (ST) status due to their migratory and backward nature. The gujjars are primarily nomads who move from plains to the higher altitudes with their cattles as part of their annual season journeys with their livestock. Gujjars and Bakerwals are two names of one tribe popularly known as Gujjars in Indian sub-continent. Gujjars form an important ethnic and linguistic group in Jammu and Kashmir and constitute 20 percent of total population of the State scattered in all districts of the J&K state. Gujjars and Bakarwals who are mainly Muslims carry with itself the age old traditions and customs of prehistoric time. Most of them are still untouched with the influence of the outside world. The literacy rate among the gujjars community is low in comparison to other twelve scheduled tribe communities in the state. Education will determine their prosperity, success and security in life. The tribes which remain either deprived of or negligent toward education will suffer the consequence. The commissioner for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes asserts that unless exploitation among the tribals is combated and eliminated through education, no improvement in tribal welfare will occur. The present paper stresses on the status of education among the nomadic gujjars of Vijaypur block in Samba district. It also seeks to find out the measures taken by the Jammu and Kashmir government to provide education to tribal gujjars. Keywords: Gujjars, Education, Tribal, Jammu and Kashmir.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A study of educational status of tribal gujjars of Vijaypur Block in Samba District of Jammu and Kashmir","attachmentId":56347935,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36434722/A_study_of_educational_status_of_tribal_gujjars_of_Vijaypur_Block_in_Samba_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/36434722/A_study_of_educational_status_of_tribal_gujjars_of_Vijaypur_Block_in_Samba_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="9597823" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9597823/Educational_Development_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir">Educational Development of Tribals of Jammu and Kashmir</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5262366" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AzadAndrabi">Azad Andrabi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Scheduled Tribe's education has assumed special importance in the context of the country's planned development of its human resource. Education is important for social and economic progress and level of education determines the chances of employment. This paper focuses on the status of education among the Scheduled Tribes of Jammu and Kashmir and to compare it with tribal at national level. The data used in this are taken from the census of India and National Human Development Report of India. The literacy rate and education of the Scheduled Tribes of Jammu and Kashmir is far lower than the tribals at national level. Poverty and lack of basic infrastructural facilities seem to be major obstacles in attainment of education. The educational programmes and developmental schemes seem have not helped to improve the condition of tribals. There is need to make serious efforts by government and not-for-profit organizations and other agencies to augment the pace of development in education of the Scheduled Tribes of Jammu and Kashmir.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Educational Development of Tribals of Jammu and Kashmir","attachmentId":35806925,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/9597823/Educational_Development_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/9597823/Educational_Development_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="44255286" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44255286/Tribal_Education_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir_A_case_study_of_Gujjars_and_Bakerwals_By_Dr_Javaid_Rahi">Tribal Education in Jammu and Kashmir -A case study of Gujjars and Bakerwals- By Dr. Javaid Rahi</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="94470568" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DrJavaidRahi">Dr. Javaid Rahi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Tribal Education in Jammu and Kashmir, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Low Literacy rate among tribes Despite government continuous efforts to encourage education among the Scheduled Tribes groups , the literacy rates of some of the Tribal communities of Jammu and Kashmir especially the Gujjars and Bakerwals is extremely low as compared to the national and average, as said in the census data. The literacy rate in India , as per Census 2011, is 73 percent and for STs at the national level, it is 59 percent only . But in J&K only 50 percent tribal are shown literate. The main reasons of the low literacy among tribes are poverty, conflict, topography and superstitions. The female literacy rate extremely lower as compared to the national average.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Tribal Education in Jammu and Kashmir -A case study of Gujjars and Bakerwals- By Dr. Javaid Rahi","attachmentId":64629201,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/44255286/Tribal_Education_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir_A_case_study_of_Gujjars_and_Bakerwals_By_Dr_Javaid_Rahi","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/44255286/Tribal_Education_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir_A_case_study_of_Gujjars_and_Bakerwals_By_Dr_Javaid_Rahi"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="36775183" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36775183/THE_INTERNATIONAL_JOURNAL_OF_HUMANITIES_and_SOCIAL_STUDIES_Socio_Economic_and_Educational_Status_of_Tribal_Gujjar_and_Bakarwal_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_An_Overview">THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES Socio-Economic and Educational Status of Tribal (Gujjar and Bakarwal) of Jammu and Kashmir: An Overview</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="55046958" href="https://amu-in.academia.edu/IsrarAhmed">Israr Ahmed</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Gujjar and Bakarwal are the third largest ethnic group in Jammu and Kashmir constitute more than 11.9% of the total population of the state (Census, 2011); scheduled tribe is the only community in the state which maintain its culture and heritage throughout the ages. Various studies and reports indicate that socio-economic and educational status of Gujjar and Bakarwal in Jammu and Kashmir is not at all satisfactory. In this paper an attempt was made to examine the socio-economic and educational life of tribal in general and Gujjar and Bakarwal in particular. This paper is based on secondary sources i.e. population census of India 2001 and 2011, various Journals, Articles, Books and Reports etc. Results have indicated that literacy rate among the Gujjars was 31.65 % and Bakarwals was 22.51% with a total 55.52% of the General population of the state as per 2001 census.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES \u0026 SOCIAL STUDIES Socio-Economic and Educational Status of Tribal (Gujjar and Bakarwal) of Jammu and Kashmir: An Overview","attachmentId":56722789,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36775183/THE_INTERNATIONAL_JOURNAL_OF_HUMANITIES_and_SOCIAL_STUDIES_Socio_Economic_and_Educational_Status_of_Tribal_Gujjar_and_Bakarwal_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_An_Overview","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/36775183/THE_INTERNATIONAL_JOURNAL_OF_HUMANITIES_and_SOCIAL_STUDIES_Socio_Economic_and_Educational_Status_of_Tribal_Gujjar_and_Bakarwal_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_An_Overview"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":82178409,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":82178409,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_82178409" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="43492148" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43492148/Seasonal_Migration_of_Gujjar_and_Bakarwal_Tribes_of_District_Rajouri_Jammu_and_Kashmir_and_its_Impact_on_their_Primary_level_Students">Seasonal Migration of Gujjar and Bakarwal Tribes of District Rajouri Jammu & Kashmir and its Impact on their Primary level Students</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="101631240" href="https://iconnectsolution.academia.edu/MUKHTARAHMED">Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Juni khyat Journal , 2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Seasonal Migration of Gujjar and Bakarwal Tribes of District Rajouri Jammu \u0026 Kashmir and its Impact on their Primary level Students","attachmentId":63800936,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43492148/Seasonal_Migration_of_Gujjar_and_Bakarwal_Tribes_of_District_Rajouri_Jammu_and_Kashmir_and_its_Impact_on_their_Primary_level_Students","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/43492148/Seasonal_Migration_of_Gujjar_and_Bakarwal_Tribes_of_District_Rajouri_Jammu_and_Kashmir_and_its_Impact_on_their_Primary_level_Students"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="41190309" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41190309/Dynamics_of_Tribal_Education_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir">Dynamics of Tribal Education in Jammu and Kashmir</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="78188407" href="https://kincaidjasmallplace-libre.academia.edu/PremkumarA">A. Premkumar</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="10030968" href="https://nandanamcollege.academia.edu/ArunSamy">Arun Samy</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Scheduled Tribes of Jammu and Kashmir: Issues & Challenges, Studium Press, New Delhi, 2019</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Dynamics of Tribal Education in Jammu and Kashmir","attachmentId":61430131,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/41190309/Dynamics_of_Tribal_Education_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline 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