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(PDF) THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES Socio-Economic and Educational Status of Tribal (Gujjar and Bakarwal) of Jammu and Kashmir: An Overview | Israr Ahmed - Academia.edu
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Various studies and reports indicate that socio-economic and educational status of Gujjar and Bakarwal in Jammu and Kashmir is not at all satisfactory. In this paper an attempt was made to examine the socio-economic and educational life of tribal in general and Gujjar and Bakarwal in particular. This paper is based on secondary sources i.e. population census of India 2001 and 2011, various Journals, Articles, Books and Reports etc. Results have indicated that literacy rate among the Gujjars was 31.65 % and Bakarwals was 22.51% with a total 55.52% of the General population of the state as per 2001 census.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Israr Ahmed"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2018-06-04","dateModified":"2018-06-04","datePublished":null,"headline":"THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES \u0026 SOCIAL STUDIES Socio-Economic and Educational Status of Tribal (Gujjar and Bakarwal) of Jammu and Kashmir: An Overview","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Development Economics","Industrial Economics","Small \u0026 Micro Business Growth"],"locationCreated":null,"publication":null,"publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/36775183/THE_INTERNATIONAL_JOURNAL_OF_HUMANITIES_and_SOCIAL_STUDIES_Socio_Economic_and_Educational_Status_of_Tribal_Gujjar_and_Bakarwal_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_An_Overview","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":"amu-in"}]}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/loswp-352e32ba4e89304dc0b4fa5b3952eef2198174c54cdb79066bc62e91c68a1a91.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-8d679e925718b5e8e4b18e9a4fab37f7eaa99e43386459376559080ac8f2856a.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-3cea6e0ad4715ed965c49bfb15dedfc632787b32ff6d8c3a474182b231146ab7.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" 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"https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F36775183%2FTHE_INTERNATIONAL_JOURNAL_OF_HUMANITIES_and_SOCIAL_STUDIES_Socio_Economic_and_Educational_Status_of_Tribal_Gujjar_and_Bakarwal_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_An_Overview%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":56722789,"identifier":"Attachment_56722789","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":36775183,"created_at":"2018-06-04T05:05:47.139-07:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2021-01-15T03:18:29.826-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"Gujjar and Bakarwal are the third largest ethnic group in Jammu and Kashmir constitute more than 11.9% of the total\npopulation of the state (Census, 2011); scheduled tribe is the only community in the state which maintain its culture and\nheritage throughout the ages. Various studies and reports indicate that socio-economic and educational status of Gujjar and\nBakarwal in Jammu and Kashmir is not at all satisfactory. In this paper an attempt was made to examine the socio-economic\nand educational life of tribal in general and Gujjar and Bakarwal in particular. This paper is based on secondary sources\ni.e. population census of India 2001 and 2011, various Journals, Articles, Books and Reports etc. Results have indicated that\nliteracy rate among the Gujjars was 31.65 % and Bakarwals was 22.51% with a total 55.52% of the General population of\nthe state as per 2001 census."},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES \u0026 SOCIAL STUDIES Socio-Economic and Educational Status of Tribal (Gujjar and Bakarwal) of Jammu and Kashmir: An Overview","broadcastable":true,"draft":false,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [55046958]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":56722789,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES Socio-Economic and Educational Status of Tribal (Gujjar and Bakarwal) of Jammu and Kashmir: An Overview”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/56722789/mini_magick20190111-15320-dqp41o.png?1547245273" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES Socio-Economic and Educational Status of Tribal (Gujjar and Bakarwal) of Jammu and Kashmir: An Overview</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="55046958" href="https://amu-in.academia.edu/IsrarAhmed"><img alt="Profile image of Israr Ahmed" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/55046958/16609342/19032039/s65_israr.ahmed.jpg" />Israr Ahmed</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Gujjar and Bakarwal are the third largest ethnic group in Jammu and Kashmir constitute more than 11.9% of the total population of the state (Census, 2011); scheduled tribe is the only community in the state which maintain its culture and heritage throughout the ages. Various studies and reports indicate that socio-economic and educational status of Gujjar and Bakarwal in Jammu and Kashmir is not at all satisfactory. In this paper an attempt was made to examine the socio-economic and educational life of tribal in general and Gujjar and Bakarwal in particular. This paper is based on secondary sources i.e. population census of India 2001 and 2011, various Journals, Articles, Books and Reports etc. Results have indicated that literacy rate among the Gujjars was 31.65 % and Bakarwals was 22.51% with a total 55.52% of the General population of the state as per 2001 census.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":56722789,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/36775183/THE_INTERNATIONAL_JOURNAL_OF_HUMANITIES_and_SOCIAL_STUDIES_Socio_Economic_and_Educational_Status_of_Tribal_Gujjar_and_Bakarwal_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_An_Overview"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":56722789,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/36775183/THE_INTERNATIONAL_JOURNAL_OF_HUMANITIES_and_SOCIAL_STUDIES_Socio_Economic_and_Educational_Status_of_Tribal_Gujjar_and_Bakarwal_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_An_Overview"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="56722789" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/36775183/THE_INTERNATIONAL_JOURNAL_OF_HUMANITIES_and_SOCIAL_STUDIES_Socio_Economic_and_Educational_Status_of_Tribal_Gujjar_and_Bakarwal_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_An_Overview" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="40816269" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40816269/Educational_Status_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_A_Case_of_Gujjars_and_Bakarwals">Educational Status of Tribals of Jammu & Kashmir: A Case of Gujjars and Bakarwals</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="88611589" href="https://smriti.academia.edu/anzar">Anzar Bhatti</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Educational Status of Tribals of Jammu \u0026 Kashmir: A Case of Gujjars and Bakarwals","attachmentId":61098714,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/40816269/Educational_Status_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_A_Case_of_Gujjars_and_Bakarwals","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/40816269/Educational_Status_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_A_Case_of_Gujjars_and_Bakarwals"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="110335470" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/110335470/Educational_Status_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_amp_Kashmir_A_Case_of_Gujjars_and_Bakarwals">Educational Status of Tribals of Jammu &amp; Kashmir: A Case of Gujjars and Bakarwals</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6070711" href="https://independent.academia.edu/umersofi">umer sofi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International journal of social sciences, 2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Educational Status of Tribals of Jammu \u0026amp; Kashmir: A Case of Gujjars and Bakarwals","attachmentId":108184255,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/110335470/Educational_Status_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_amp_Kashmir_A_Case_of_Gujjars_and_Bakarwals","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/110335470/Educational_Status_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_amp_Kashmir_A_Case_of_Gujjars_and_Bakarwals"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="36434722" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36434722/A_study_of_educational_status_of_tribal_gujjars_of_Vijaypur_Block_in_Samba_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir">A study of educational status of tribal gujjars of Vijaypur Block in Samba District of Jammu and Kashmir</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="28275537" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EuroAsiaInternationalJournal">Euro Asia International Journals</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">ABSTRACT Jammu and Kashmir is a habitat to quite a number of tribal communities, who have settled down in every nook and corner of this hilly countryside. The tribal people and their places, the tribals and their customs, their cultures, their means of communication, or simply their culinary arts, makes the tribes of J&K stand out from the rest of Indian tribesmen. Gujjar and Bakarwals are two nomadic tribes of Jammu and Kashmir who have been given Scheduled Tribe (ST) status due to their migratory and backward nature. The gujjars are primarily nomads who move from plains to the higher altitudes with their cattles as part of their annual season journeys with their livestock. Gujjars and Bakerwals are two names of one tribe popularly known as Gujjars in Indian sub-continent. Gujjars form an important ethnic and linguistic group in Jammu and Kashmir and constitute 20 percent of total population of the State scattered in all districts of the J&K state. Gujjars and Bakarwals who are mainly Muslims carry with itself the age old traditions and customs of prehistoric time. Most of them are still untouched with the influence of the outside world. The literacy rate among the gujjars community is low in comparison to other twelve scheduled tribe communities in the state. Education will determine their prosperity, success and security in life. The tribes which remain either deprived of or negligent toward education will suffer the consequence. The commissioner for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes asserts that unless exploitation among the tribals is combated and eliminated through education, no improvement in tribal welfare will occur. The present paper stresses on the status of education among the nomadic gujjars of Vijaypur block in Samba district. It also seeks to find out the measures taken by the Jammu and Kashmir government to provide education to tribal gujjars. Keywords: Gujjars, Education, Tribal, Jammu and Kashmir.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A study of educational status of tribal gujjars of Vijaypur Block in Samba District of Jammu and Kashmir","attachmentId":56347935,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36434722/A_study_of_educational_status_of_tribal_gujjars_of_Vijaypur_Block_in_Samba_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/36434722/A_study_of_educational_status_of_tribal_gujjars_of_Vijaypur_Block_in_Samba_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="73796022" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73796022/_Educational_Status_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_A_Case_Study_of_Gujjars_and_Bakarwalls_in_District_Pulwama_">“Educational Status of Tribals of Jammu and Kashmir: A Case Study of Gujjars and Bakarwalls in District Pulwama”</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="55716610" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RATHERTAJAMULISLAM">RATHER TAJAMUL ISLAM</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Gujjar and Bakarwals are two nomadic tribes of Jammu and Kashmir who have been given ScheduledTribe (ST) status due to their migratory and backward nature. The gujjars are primarily nomads who move fromplains to the higher altitudes with their cattles as part of their annual season journeys with their livestock. The literacy rate of Gujjar and Bakkarwals is quite low. There are a number of educational provisions for migratory Gujjar-Bakkarwal populations in the form of stationary and permanent government schools at different places all over the state. But at the summer locations where the good numbers of nomadic children are available who move there with their parents, the educational facilities are again very less. For the education of the children of the nomadic populations of Gujjar and Bakkarwals, ‘Seasonal Educational Schools’ have been set up where the teachers do not accompany the nomadic children but continue to remain at the temporary camps of the nomads and provide educati...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"“Educational Status of Tribals of Jammu and Kashmir: A Case Study of Gujjars and Bakarwalls in District Pulwama”","attachmentId":82178409,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/73796022/_Educational_Status_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_A_Case_Study_of_Gujjars_and_Bakarwalls_in_District_Pulwama_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/73796022/_Educational_Status_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir_A_Case_Study_of_Gujjars_and_Bakarwalls_in_District_Pulwama_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="39209756" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39209756/SOCIO_ECONOMIC_AND_POLITICAL_CONDITION_OF_TRIBAL_GUJJARS_AND_BAKERWALS_IN_JAMMU_AND_KASHMIR">SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CONDITION OF TRIBAL (GUJJARS AND BAKERWALS) IN JAMMU AND KASHMIR</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="46490516" href="https://manuu.academia.edu/FHussain">Fazal Hussain</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Gujjars and Bakerwals constitute more than 11.9% population in the state of Jammu and Kashmir (census 2011). It is the only Schedule Tribes population in the state which preserve their traditional values and culture throughout the ages. They are primarily nomadic in character and moved from one place to another in search of pastures for their cattle. Due to seasonal migration they suffered a lot, it made a great impact on the education of their children, and they face health issue because of unavailability of health facilities, moreover, they lost their cattle during their journey due to bad weather or due to some unavoidable circumstance which shattered the economy of Gujjars and Bakerwals. Different research works and findings reveal that the condition of Gujjars and Bakerwals is not good as compare to other sections of the society. In this Research Paper, an attempt was made to understand the Social, Economic, and Political, condition of Tribal (Gujjars and Bakerwals) in Jammu and Kashmir. This Research paper also recommends some suggestions in order to resolve the issues or challenges faced by the tribal community of the state.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CONDITION OF TRIBAL (GUJJARS AND BAKERWALS) IN JAMMU AND KASHMIR","attachmentId":59338580,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/39209756/SOCIO_ECONOMIC_AND_POLITICAL_CONDITION_OF_TRIBAL_GUJJARS_AND_BAKERWALS_IN_JAMMU_AND_KASHMIR","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/39209756/SOCIO_ECONOMIC_AND_POLITICAL_CONDITION_OF_TRIBAL_GUJJARS_AND_BAKERWALS_IN_JAMMU_AND_KASHMIR"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="28854386" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28854386/Asian_Journal_of_Multidisciplinary_Studies_A_study_of_educational_status_of_tribal_Bakkarwal_children_of_Kalakote_Block_in_Rajouri_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir">Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies A study of educational status of tribal Bakkarwal children of Kalakote Block in Rajouri District of Jammu and Kashmir</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="273840" href="https://jammuuniversity.academia.edu/DrKavitaSuri">Prof. (Dr.) Kavita Suri</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies A study of educational status of tribal Bakkarwal children of Kalakote Block in Rajouri District of Jammu and Kashmir","attachmentId":49274593,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/28854386/Asian_Journal_of_Multidisciplinary_Studies_A_study_of_educational_status_of_tribal_Bakkarwal_children_of_Kalakote_Block_in_Rajouri_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/28854386/Asian_Journal_of_Multidisciplinary_Studies_A_study_of_educational_status_of_tribal_Bakkarwal_children_of_Kalakote_Block_in_Rajouri_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="44255286" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44255286/Tribal_Education_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir_A_case_study_of_Gujjars_and_Bakerwals_By_Dr_Javaid_Rahi">Tribal Education in Jammu and Kashmir -A case study of Gujjars and Bakerwals- By Dr. Javaid Rahi</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="94470568" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DrJavaidRahi">Dr. Javaid Rahi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Tribal Education in Jammu and Kashmir, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Low Literacy rate among tribes Despite government continuous efforts to encourage education among the Scheduled Tribes groups , the literacy rates of some of the Tribal communities of Jammu and Kashmir especially the Gujjars and Bakerwals is extremely low as compared to the national and average, as said in the census data. The literacy rate in India , as per Census 2011, is 73 percent and for STs at the national level, it is 59 percent only . But in J&K only 50 percent tribal are shown literate. The main reasons of the low literacy among tribes are poverty, conflict, topography and superstitions. The female literacy rate extremely lower as compared to the national average.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Tribal Education in Jammu and Kashmir -A case study of Gujjars and Bakerwals- By Dr. Javaid Rahi","attachmentId":64629201,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/44255286/Tribal_Education_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir_A_case_study_of_Gujjars_and_Bakerwals_By_Dr_Javaid_Rahi","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/44255286/Tribal_Education_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir_A_case_study_of_Gujjars_and_Bakerwals_By_Dr_Javaid_Rahi"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="28854394" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28854394/A_study_of_educational_status_of_tribal_Bakkarwal_children_of_Kalakote_Block_in_Rajouri_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir">A study of educational status of tribal Bakkarwal children of Kalakote Block in Rajouri District of Jammu and Kashmir</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="273840" href="https://jammuuniversity.academia.edu/DrKavitaSuri">Prof. (Dr.) Kavita Suri</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Gujjar and Bakkarwals are the twin nomadic community of Jammu and Kashmir who have been granted Scheduled Tribe (ST) status due to their backwardness. The Bakkarwals are primarily nomads who move from plains to the higher altitudes with their flock as part of their annual season journeys with their livestock. The literacy rate among the Bakkarwal community is quite low in comparison to other 12 ST communities in the state. The present paper focuses on the status of education among the nomadic Bakkarwal children in Kakalote block of border district of Rajouri. The study aims to explore the reasons behind educational backwardness among Bakkarwal tribes, if any. Besides it also seeks to find out the measures taken by the Jammu and Kashmir government to provide education to nomads/Bakkarwal tribes.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A study of educational status of tribal Bakkarwal children of Kalakote Block in Rajouri District of Jammu and Kashmir","attachmentId":49274600,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/28854394/A_study_of_educational_status_of_tribal_Bakkarwal_children_of_Kalakote_Block_in_Rajouri_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/28854394/A_study_of_educational_status_of_tribal_Bakkarwal_children_of_Kalakote_Block_in_Rajouri_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="86881463" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/86881463/Socio_Economic_Conditions_of_Gujjar_Tribe_With_Special_Reference_to_Rajouri_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir">Socio-Economic Conditions of Gujjar Tribe: With Special Reference to Rajouri District of Jammu and Kashmir</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="127207840" href="https://independent.academia.edu/mohdzameer9">mohd zameer</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, 2021</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Socio-Economic Conditions of Gujjar Tribe: With Special Reference to Rajouri District of Jammu and Kashmir","attachmentId":91237739,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86881463/Socio_Economic_Conditions_of_Gujjar_Tribe_With_Special_Reference_to_Rajouri_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/86881463/Socio_Economic_Conditions_of_Gujjar_Tribe_With_Special_Reference_to_Rajouri_District_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="9597823" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9597823/Educational_Development_of_Tribals_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir">Educational Development of Tribals of Jammu and Kashmir</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5262366" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AzadAndrabi">Azad Andrabi</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline 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You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="74282836" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74282836/A_Study_on_Socio_economic_Status_of_Gujjars_and_Bakerwals_of_Jammu_Division_of_India">A Study on Socio-economic Status of Gujjars and Bakerwals of Jammu Division of India</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="150205764" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RajinderPeshin">Rajinder Peshin</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Asian Journal of Agricultural 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