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vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-音韻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#音韻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">一</span> <span>音韻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-音韻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-系" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#系"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">二</span> <span>系</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-系-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>切換系子章節</span> </button> <ul id="toc-系-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-浙南系" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#浙南系"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">二.一</span> <span>浙南系</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-浙南系-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-閩台系" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#閩台系"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">二.二</span> <span>閩台系</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-閩台系-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-潮汕系" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#潮汕系"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">二.三</span> <span>潮汕系</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-潮汕系-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-中山，海珠諸島系" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中山，海珠諸島系"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">二.四</span> <span>中山，海珠諸島系</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中山，海珠諸島系-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-雷瓊系" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#雷瓊系"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">二.五</span> <span>雷瓊系</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-雷瓊系-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目次" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="切換目次" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">切換目次</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">閩南語</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往別種語言的條目。有五七種語言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-57" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">五七種語言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%B0%E1%89%A1%E1%89%A5_%E1%88%9A%E1%8A%95%E1%8A%9B" title="ደቡብ ሚንኛ – 阿姆哈拉文" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ደቡብ ሚንኛ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مين نان – 阿拉伯文" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مين نان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مين نان – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مين نان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="گونئی مین دیلی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="گونئی مین دیلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Паўднёвамінская мова – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Паўднёвамінская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineg_ar_su" title="Mineg ar su – 布列塔尼文" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Mineg ar su" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min_nan" title="Min nan – 加泰蘭文" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Min nan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ACng-n%C3%A0ng-ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Mìng-nàng-ngṳ̄ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Mìng-nàng-ngṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnan" title="Minnan – 丹麥文" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Minnan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麥文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min_Nan" title="Min Nan – 德文" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Min Nan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%9C%CE%B9%CE%BD" title="Νότια Μιν – 希臘文" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νότια Μιν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希臘文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Min" title="Southern Min – 英文" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Southern Min" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnana_lingvo" title="Minnana lingvo – 世界文" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Minnana lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chino_min_nan" title="Chino min nan – 西班牙文" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Chino min nan" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="مین جنوبی – 波斯文" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مین جنوبی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnan" title="Minnan – 芬蘭文" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Minnan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnan" title="Minnan – 法文" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Minnan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_min_nam" title="Lingua min nam – 加利西亞文" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua min nam" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minish_Yiass" title="Minish Yiass – 曼島文" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Minish Yiass" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="曼島文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9n-n%C3%A0m-ng%C3%AE" title="Mén-nàm-ngî – 客家話" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Mén-nàm-ngî" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家話" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaku_Min_Selatan" title="Jaku Min Selatan – 伊班文" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Jaku Min Selatan" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="伊班文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Min_Selatan" title="Rumpun bahasa Min Selatan – 印尼文" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rumpun bahasa Min Selatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_min_nan" title="Lingua min nan – 義大利文" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua min nan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="義大利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%96%A9%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E" title="閩南語 – 日文" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="閩南語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Min_Hulu" title="Bahasa Min Hulu – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bahasa Min Hulu" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%BC%EB%82%9C%EC%96%B4" title="민난어 – 韓文" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="민난어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piet%C5%B3_min%C5%B3_tarm%C4%97s" title="Pietų minų tarmės – 立陶宛文" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pietų minų tarmės" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%9F_%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%9F_%EA%AF%86%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%A2%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%81_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯃꯤꯟ ꯅꯥꯟ ꯆꯥꯢꯅꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ – 曼尼普爾文" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯃꯤꯟ ꯅꯥꯟ ꯆꯥꯢꯅꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="曼尼普爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa-bahasa_Min_Selatan" title="Bahasa-bahasa Min Selatan – 馬來文" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa-bahasa Min Selatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="馬來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مین نان – 馬贊德蘭文" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مین نان" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="馬贊德蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuidelijk_Min" title="Zuidelijk Min – 荷蘭文" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zuidelijk Min" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B8r-min" title="Sør-min – 耐諾斯克挪威文" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sør-min" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="耐諾斯克挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnan" title="Minnan – 巴克摩挪威文" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Minnan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="巴克摩挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min_Nan" title="Min Nan – 潘帕嘉文" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Min Nan" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="潘帕嘉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_minna%C5%84ski" title="Język minnański – 波蘭文" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język minnański" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_Cin%C3%A8isa,_Min_Nan" title="Lenga Cinèisa, Min Nan – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga Cinèisa, Min Nan" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="من نان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="من نان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%90%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86" title="سوېلي مين – 普什圖文" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سوېلي مين" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什圖文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min_nan" title="Min nan – 葡萄牙文" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Min nan" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Южноминьские языки – 俄文" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Южноминьские языки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%B1%E2%80%8C%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱢᱤᱱᱱ‌ᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ – 桑塔利文" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱤᱱᱱ‌ᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="桑塔利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min_Nan" title="Min Nan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Min Nan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnan" title="Minnan – 瑞典文" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Minnan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimin-Nan" title="Kimin-Nan – 史瓦希里文" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kimin-Nan" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="史瓦希里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="மின்னான் மொழி – 坦米爾文" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மின்னான் மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="坦米爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89" title="ภาษาหมิ่นใต้ – 泰文" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาหมิ่นใต้" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min_Nan" title="Min Nan – 塔加路族文" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Min Nan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="塔加路族文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCney_Min" title="Güney Min – 土耳其文" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Güney Min" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kari_Plmukan" title="Kari Plmukan – 太魯閣文" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Kari Plmukan" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="太魯閣文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Південномінська мова – 烏克蘭文" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Південномінська мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="烏克蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="من نان – 烏都文" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="من نان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="烏都文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_M%C3%A2n_Nam" title="Tiếng Mân Nam – 越南文" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Mân Nam" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%97%BD%E5%8D%97%E8%AF%AD" title="闽南语 – 吳語" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="闽南语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吳語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vahminjnanz" title="Vahminjnanz – 壯文" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Vahminjnanz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%97%BD%E5%8D%97%E8%AF%AD" title="闽南语 – 中文" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="闽南语" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A2n-l%C3%A2m-g%C3%BA" title="Bân-lâm-gú – 閩南語" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="閩南語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%96%A9%E5%8D%97%E8%A9%B1" title="閩南話 – 粵語" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="閩南話" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粵語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36495#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="修跨語鏈" class="wbc-editpage">纂鏈</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="名集"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AA%94%E6%A1%88:Banlamgu.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Banlamgu.svg/200px-Banlamgu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Banlamgu.svg/300px-Banlamgu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Banlamgu.svg/400px-Banlamgu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1550" data-file-height="1800" /></a><figcaption>閩南語之分佈</figcaption></figure> <p><b>閩南語</b>者，<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E" title="漢語">漢語族</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%A9%E8%AA%9E" title="閩語">閩語</a>之方言。行乎<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E7%9C%81" title="福建省">福建</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3" title="臺灣">臺灣</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E6%9D%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="廣東">廣東</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="海南省">海南</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="浙江">浙</a>南諸地。亦名<b>河洛話</b>、<b>鶴佬話</b>、<b>咱人話</b>云云。操之者，有衆四千九百萬餘。 </p><p>往昔閩南人營商南洋，故<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9E" title="東南亞">東南亞</a>華人亦多諳此語。七聲八調，存先王之辭，有上古<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雅言（查無此頁）">雅言</a>之遺風。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="音韻"><span id=".E9.9F.B3.E9.9F.BB"></span>音韻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%A9%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&section=1" title="所纂章名：音韻"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" colspan="2"></th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E9%9F%B3" title="雙唇音">雙唇音</a></th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="齒齦音（查無此頁）">齒齦音</a></th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%A6%E9%A1%8E%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="齦顎音（查無此頁）">齦顎音</a></th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BB%9F%E9%A1%8E%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="軟顎音（查無此頁）">軟顎音</a></th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%B2%E9%96%80%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="聲門音（查無此頁）">聲門音</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E6%BF%81%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清濁音（查無此頁）">清音</a></th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E6%BF%81%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清濁音（查無此頁）">濁音</a></th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E6%BF%81%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清濁音（查無此頁）">清音</a></th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E6%BF%81%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清濁音（查無此頁）">濁音</a></th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E6%BF%81%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清濁音（查無此頁）">清音</a></th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E6%BF%81%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清濁音（查無此頁）">濁音</a> </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E6%BF%81%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清濁音（查無此頁）">清音</a></th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E6%BF%81%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清濁音（查無此頁）">濁音</a></th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E6%BF%81%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清濁音（查無此頁）">清音</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3_(%E8%BE%85%E9%9F%B3)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鼻音 (辅音)（查無此頁）">鼻音</a> </th> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="雙唇鼻音"><big><b>[m]</b></big></a><br />m 毛</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="齒齦鼻音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[n]</b></big></a><br />n 耐</td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BB%9F%E9%A1%8E%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="軟顎鼻音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[ŋ]</b></big></a><br />ng 雅</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="塞音（查無此頁）">塞音</a></th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="送氣（查無此頁）">不送氣</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清雙唇塞音"><big><b>[p]</b></big></a><br />p 邊</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="濁雙唇塞音"><big><b>[b]</b></big></a><br />b 文 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清齒齦塞音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[t]</b></big></a><br />t 地 </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E8%BB%9F%E9%A1%8E%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清軟顎塞音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[k]</b></big></a><br />k 求</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%81%E8%BB%9F%E9%A1%8E%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濁軟顎塞音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[g]</b></big></a><br />g 語 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%B2%E9%96%80%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="聲門塞音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[ʔ]</b></big></a><br /><small>（不標示）</small>英 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="送氣（查無此頁）">送氣</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清雙唇塞音"><big><b>[pʰ]</b></big></a><br />ph 波</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清齒齦塞音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[tʰ]</b></big></a><br />th 他</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E8%BB%9F%E9%A1%8E%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清軟顎塞音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[kʰ]</b></big></a><br />kh 去</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="塞擦音（查無此頁）">塞擦音</a></th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="送氣（查無此頁）">不送氣</a> </th> <td></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清齒齦塞擦音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[ʦ]</b></big></a><br />ts 曾</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濁齒齦塞擦音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[ʣ]</b></big></a><br />j 熱 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%A6%E9%A1%8E%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清齦顎塞擦音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[ʨ]</b></big></a><br />tsi 貞</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%A6%E9%A1%8E%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濁齦顎塞擦音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[ʥ]</b></big></a><br />ji 入</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="送氣（查無此頁）">送氣</a> </th> <td></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清齒齦塞擦音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[ʦʰ]</b></big></a><br />tsh 出</td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%A6%E9%A1%8E%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清齦顎塞擦音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[ʨʰ]</b></big></a><br />tshi 手</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="擦音（查無此頁）">擦音</a> </th> <td></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清齒齦擦音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[s]</b></big></a><br />s 衫</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%A6%E9%A1%8E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清齦顎擦音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[ɕ]</b></big></a><br />si 時</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%85%E5%96%89%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="清喉擦音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[h]</b></big></a><br />h 喜 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%82%8A%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="邊音（查無此頁）">邊音</a> </th> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%82%8A%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="齒齦邊音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[l]</b></big></a><br />l 柳</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"></th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%8D%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="前元音（查無此頁）">前元音</a></th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AE%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="央元音（查無此頁）">央元音</a></th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%8C%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="後元音（查無此頁）">後元音</a> </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>基本</th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BC%BB%E5%8C%96%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鼻化元音（查無此頁）">鼻化</a></th> <th>基本</th> <th>基本</th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BC%BB%E5%8C%96%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鼻化元音（查無此頁）">鼻化</a> </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%89%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="閉元音（查無此頁）">閉元音</a> </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E6%AF%8D%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="閉前不圓唇母音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[i]</b></big></a><br />i 衣</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E6%AF%8D%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="閉前不圓唇母音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[ĩ]</b></big></a><br />inn 圓</td> <td>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%89%E5%A4%AE%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="閉央不圓唇元音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[ɨ]</b></big></a>)<br />ir 魚 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="閉後圓唇元音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[u]</b></big></a><br />u 污</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="閉後圓唇元音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[ũ]</b></big></a><br />unn 張 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="半閉元音（查無此頁）">半閉元音</a> </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="半閉前不圓唇元音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[e]</b></big></a><br />e 禮</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="半閉前不圓唇元音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[ẽ]</b></big></a><br />enn 生</td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="半閉後圓唇元音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[o]</b></big></a><br />o 歌</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中元音（查無此頁）">中元音</a> </th> <td></td> <td></td> <td>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中央元音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[ə]</b></big></a>)<br />er 火</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="半開元音（查無此頁）">半開元音</a> </th> <td>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="半開前不圓唇元音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[ɛ]</b></big></a>)<br />ee 家</td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="半開後圓唇元音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[ɔ]</b></big></a><br />oo 烏</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="半開後圓唇元音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[ɔ̃]</b></big></a><br />onn 惡 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%8B%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="開元音（查無此頁）">開元音</a> </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%8B%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="開前不圓唇元音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[a]</b></big></a><br />a 查</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%8B%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="開前不圓唇元音（查無此頁）"><big><b>[ã]</b></big></a><br />ann 衫</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="系"><span id=".E7.B3.BB"></span>系</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%A9%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&section=2" title="所纂章名：系"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="浙南系"><span id=".E6.B5.99.E5.8D.97.E7.B3.BB"></span>浙南系</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%A9%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&section=3" title="所纂章名：浙南系"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>浙南話 <ul><li>溫州話</li> <li>平陽話</li> <li>蒼南話</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="閩台系"><span id=".E9.96.A9.E5.8F.B0.E7.B3.BB"></span>閩台系</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%A9%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&section=4" title="所纂章名：閩台系"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>福建話 <ul><li>大田方言</li> <li>莆田方言</li> <li>泉州腔</li> <li>漳州腔</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>台灣話</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="潮汕系"><span id=".E6.BD.AE.E6.B1.95.E7.B3.BB"></span>潮汕系</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%A9%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&section=5" title="所纂章名：潮汕系"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>潮州話</li> <li>揭陽話</li> <li>汕頭話</li> <li>海陸話 <ul><li>海豐腔（近漳泉）</li> <li>陸豐腔（近漳泉）</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中山，海珠諸島系"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E5.B1.B1.EF.BC.8C.E6.B5.B7.E7.8F.A0.E8.AB.B8.E5.B3.B6.E7.B3.BB"></span>中山，海珠諸島系</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%A9%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&section=6" title="所纂章名：中山，海珠諸島系"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>隆都話</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="雷瓊系"><span id=".E9.9B.B7.E7.93.8A.E7.B3.BB"></span>雷瓊系</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%A9%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&section=7" title="所纂章名：雷瓊系"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>雷州話</li> <li>海南話 <ul><li>文瓊片 <ul><li>文昌片</li> <li>瓊海片</li> <li>文瓊交匯片</li></ul></li> <li>海定片 <ul><li>海府片</li> <li>瓊山北片</li> <li>定昌片</li> <li>澄海片</li> <li>自治州四鎮片</li></ul></li> <li>萬陵片 <ul><li>萬寧片</li> <li>陵水片</li></ul></li> <li>崖州片 <ul><li>三亞片</li> <li>樂東片</li></ul></li> <li>昌感片 <ul><li>感城片</li> <li>墩頭片</li> <li>四更片</li> <li>昌城片</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div> <table border="0" cellspacing="1" style="background-color:transparent;position:relative"> <tbody><tr valign="middle"> <td><div style="position: relative; width: 25px; height: 32px; overflow: hidden"> <div style="position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; font-size: 100px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 100px; z-index: 3">[[{{{link}}}|   ]]</div> <div style="position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; z-index: 2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AA%94%E6%A1%88:Wikipedia_logo_(svg).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="{{{link}}}"><img alt="{{{link}}}" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Wikipedia_logo_%28svg%29.svg/25px-Wikipedia_logo_%28svg%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Wikipedia_logo_%28svg%29.svg/38px-Wikipedia_logo_%28svg%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Wikipedia_logo_%28svg%29.svg/50px-Wikipedia_logo_%28svg%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="1250" /></a></span></div> </div> </td> <td align="left">此語文立有<b><span class="plainlinks"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A2u-ia%CC%8Dh" class="extiw" title="zh-min-nan:Thâu-ia̍h">大典</a></span></b>。 </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="notice metadata" id="stub" style="font-size: small;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AA%94%E6%A1%88:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img 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