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is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Energy reconstruction of hadronic showers at the CERN PS and SPS using the Semi-Digital Hadronic Calorimeter </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Laktineh%2C+I">I. Laktineh</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Liu%2C+B">B. Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Boumediene%2C+D">D. Boumediene</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Baek%2C+Y+W">Y. W. Baek</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Kim%2C+D">D-W. Kim</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Lee%2C+S+C">S. C. Lee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Min%2C+B+G">B. G. Min</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Park%2C+S+W">S. W. Park</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Deguchi%2C+Y">Y. Deguchi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Kawagoe%2C+K">K. Kawagoe</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Miura%2C+Y">Y. Miura</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Mori%2C+R">R. Mori</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Sekiya%2C+I">I. Sekiya</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Suehara%2C+T">T. Suehara</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Yoshioka%2C+T">T. Yoshioka</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Caponetto%2C+L">L. Caponetto</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Combaret%2C+C">C. Combaret</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Garillot%2C+G">G. Garillot</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Grenier%2C+G">G. Grenier</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Ianigro%2C+J">J-C. Ianigro</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Kurca%2C+T">T. Kurca</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Laktineh%2C+I">I. Laktineh</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Liu%2C+B">B. Liu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Li%2C+B">B. Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Lumb%2C+N">N. Lumb</a> , et al. (53 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2202.09684v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The CALICE Semi-Digital Hadronic CALorimeter (SDHCAL) is the first technological prototype in a family of high-granularity calorimeters developed by the CALICE Collaboration to equip the experiments of future lepton colliders. The SDHCAL is a sampling calorimeter using stainless steel for absorber and Glass Resistive Plate Chambers (GRPC) as a sensitive medium. The GRPC are read out by 1~cm&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2202.09684v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2202.09684v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2202.09684v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The CALICE Semi-Digital Hadronic CALorimeter (SDHCAL) is the first technological prototype in a family of high-granularity calorimeters developed by the CALICE Collaboration to equip the experiments of future lepton colliders. The SDHCAL is a sampling calorimeter using stainless steel for absorber and Glass Resistive Plate Chambers (GRPC) as a sensitive medium. The GRPC are read out by 1~cm $\times$ 1~cm pickup pads combined to a multi-threshold electronics. The prototype was exposed to hadron beams in both the CERN PS and the SPS beamlines in 2015 allowing the test of the SDHCAL in a large energy range from 3~GeV to 80~GeV. After introducing the method used to select the hadrons of our data and reject the muon and electron contamination, we present the energy reconstruction approach that we apply to the data collected from both beamlines and we discuss the response linearity and the energy resolution of the SDHCAL. The results obtained in the two beamlines confirm the excellent SDHCAL performance observed with the data collected with the same prototype in the SPS beamline in 2012. They also show the stability of the SDHCAL in different beam conditions and different time periods. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2202.09684v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2202.09684v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 19 February, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2022. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">21 pages,23 figures</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Report number:</span> CALICE-PUB-2022-001 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.14331">arXiv:2109.14331</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.14331">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2109.14331">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/C01011">10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/C01011 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Upgrade of the CMS Resistive Plate Chambers for the High Luminosity LHC </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Samalan%2C+A">A. Samalan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Tytgat%2C+M">M. Tytgat</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Alves%2C+G+A">G. A. Alves</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Marujo%2C+F">F. Marujo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=De+Araujo%2C+F+T+D+S">F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=DaCosta%2C+E+M">E. M. DaCosta</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Damiao%2C+D+D+J">D. De Jesus Damiao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Nogima%2C+H">H. Nogima</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Santoro%2C+A">A. Santoro</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=De+Souza%2C+S+F">S. Fonseca De Souza</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Aleksandrov%2C+A">A. Aleksandrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Hadjiiska%2C+R">R. Hadjiiska</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Iaydjiev%2C+P">P. Iaydjiev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Rodozov%2C+M">M. Rodozov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Shopova%2C+M">M. Shopova</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Soultanov%2C+G">G. Soultanov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Bonchev%2C+M">M. Bonchev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Dimitrov%2C+A">A. Dimitrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Litov%2C+L">L. Litov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Pavlov%2C+B">B. Pavlov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Petkov%2C+P">P. Petkov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Petrov%2C+A">A. Petrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Qian%2C+S+J">S. J. Qian</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Bernal%2C+C">C. Bernal</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Cabrera%2C+A">A. Cabrera</a> , et al. (86 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2109.14331v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> During the upcoming High Luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), the integrated luminosity of the accelerator will increase to 3000 fb$^{-1}$. The expected experimental conditions in that period in terms of background rates, event pileup, and the probable aging of the current detectors present a challenge for all the existing experiments at the LHC, including the Compact Muon Solen&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2109.14331v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2109.14331v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2109.14331v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> During the upcoming High Luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), the integrated luminosity of the accelerator will increase to 3000 fb$^{-1}$. The expected experimental conditions in that period in terms of background rates, event pileup, and the probable aging of the current detectors present a challenge for all the existing experiments at the LHC, including the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment. To ensure a highly performing muon system for this period, several upgrades of the Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) system of the CMS are currently being implemented. These include the replacement of the readout system for the present system, and the installation of two new RPC stations with improved chamber and front-end electronics designs. The current overall status of this CMS RPC upgrade project is presented. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2109.14331v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2109.14331v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 2 November, 2021; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 29 September, 2021; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> September 2021. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.12769">arXiv:2005.12769</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.12769">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2005.12769">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> CMS RPC Background -- Studies and Measurements </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Hadjiiska%2C+R">R. Hadjiiska</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Samalan%2C+A">A. Samalan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Tytgat%2C+M">M. Tytgat</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Zaganidis%2C+N">N. Zaganidis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Alves%2C+G+A">G. A. Alves</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Marujo%2C+F">F. Marujo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=De+Araujo%2C+F+T+D+S">F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Da+Costa%2C+E+M">E. M. Da Costa</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Damiao%2C+D+D+J">D. De Jesus Damiao</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Nogima%2C+H">H. Nogima</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Santoro%2C+A">A. Santoro</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=De+Souza%2C+S+F">S. Fonseca De Souza</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Aleksandrov%2C+A">A. Aleksandrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Iaydjiev%2C+P">P. Iaydjiev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Rodozov%2C+M">M. Rodozov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Shopova%2C+M">M. Shopova</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Sultanov%2C+G">G. Sultanov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Bonchev%2C+M">M. Bonchev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Dimitrov%2C+A">A. Dimitrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Litov%2C+L">L. Litov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Pavlov%2C+B">B. Pavlov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Petkov%2C+P">P. Petkov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Petrov%2C+A">A. Petrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Qian%2C+S+J">S. J. Qian</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Bernal%2C+C">C. Bernal</a> , et al. (84 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2005.12769v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The expected radiation background in the CMS RPC system has been studied using the MC prediction with the CMS FLUKA simulation of the detector and the cavern. The MC geometry used in the analysis describes very accurately the present RPC system but still does not include the complete description of the RPC upgrade region with pseudorapidity $1.9 &lt; \lvert 畏\rvert &lt; 2.4$. Present results will be upd&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2005.12769v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2005.12769v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2005.12769v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The expected radiation background in the CMS RPC system has been studied using the MC prediction with the CMS FLUKA simulation of the detector and the cavern. The MC geometry used in the analysis describes very accurately the present RPC system but still does not include the complete description of the RPC upgrade region with pseudorapidity $1.9 &lt; \lvert 畏\rvert &lt; 2.4$. Present results will be updated with the final geometry description, once it is available. The radiation background has been studied in terms of expected particle rates, absorbed dose and fluence. Two High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) scenarios have been investigated - after collecting $3000$ and $4000$ fb$^{-1}$. Estimations with safety factor of 3 have been considered, as well. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2005.12769v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2005.12769v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 13 December, 2020; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 26 May, 2020; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> May 2020. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">6 pages, Conference proceeding for the 2020 Resistive Plate Chambers and Related Detectors. Minor revision of the report, the results remain unchanged. Three new plots are added and some details were explained better</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.02972">arXiv:2004.02972</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2004.02972">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2004.02972">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/15/10/P10009">10.1088/1748-0221/15/10/P10009 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Particle Identification Using Boosted Decision Trees in the Semi-Digital Hadronic Calorimeter Prototype </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Boumediene%2C+D">D. Boumediene</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Pingault%2C+A">A. Pingault</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Tytgat%2C+M">M. Tytgat</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Bilki%2C+B">B. Bilki</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Northacker%2C+D">D. Northacker</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Onel%2C+Y">Y. Onel</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Cho%2C+G">G. Cho</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Kim%2C+D">D-W. Kim</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Lee%2C+S+C">S. C. Lee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Park%2C+W">W. Park</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Vallecorsa%2C+S">S. Vallecorsa</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Deguchi%2C+Y">Y. Deguchi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Kawagoe%2C+K">K. Kawagoe</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Miura%2C+Y">Y. Miura</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Mori%2C+R">R. Mori</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Sekiya%2C+I">I. Sekiya</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Suehara%2C+T">T. Suehara</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Yoshioka%2C+T">T. Yoshioka</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Caponetto%2C+L">L. Caponetto</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Combaret%2C+C">C. Combaret</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Garillot%2C+R+E+G">R. Ete G. Garillot</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Grenier%2C+G">G. Grenier</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Ianigro%2C+J">J-C. Ianigro</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Kurca%2C+T">T. Kurca</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Laktineh%2C+I">I. Laktineh</a> , et al. (65 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2004.02972v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The CALICE Semi-Digital Hadronic CALorimeter (SDHCAL) prototype using Glass Resistive Plate Chambers as a sensitive medium is the first technological prototype of a family of high-granularity calorimeters developed by the CALICE collaboration to equip the experiments of future leptonic colliders. It was exposed to beams of hadrons, electrons and muons several times in the CERN PS and SPS beamlines&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2004.02972v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2004.02972v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2004.02972v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The CALICE Semi-Digital Hadronic CALorimeter (SDHCAL) prototype using Glass Resistive Plate Chambers as a sensitive medium is the first technological prototype of a family of high-granularity calorimeters developed by the CALICE collaboration to equip the experiments of future leptonic colliders. It was exposed to beams of hadrons, electrons and muons several times in the CERN PS and SPS beamlines between 2012 and 2018. We present here a new method of particle identification within the SDHCAL using the Boosted Decision Trees (BDT) method applied to the data collected in 2015. The performance of the method is tested first with Geant4-based simulated events and then on the data collected by the SDHCAL in the energy range between 10 and 80~GeV with 10~GeV energy steps. The BDT method is then used to reject the electrons and muons that contaminate the SPS hadron beams. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2004.02972v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2004.02972v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 6 April, 2020; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> April 2020. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Report number:</span> CALICE-PUB-2020-001 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.05680">arXiv:1807.05680</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1807.05680">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1807.05680">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/14/10/C10037">10.1088/1748-0221/14/10/C10037 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> High Rate RPC detector for LHC </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Lagarde%2C+F">F. Lagarde</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Fagot%2C+A">A. Fagot</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Gul%2C+M">M. Gul</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Roskas%2C+C">C. Roskas</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Tytgat%2C+M">M. Tytgat</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Zaganidis%2C+N">N. Zaganidis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=De+Souza%2C+S+F">S. Fonseca De Souza</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Santoro%2C+A">A. Santoro</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=De+Araujo%2C+F+T+D+S">F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Aleksandrov%2C+A">A. Aleksandrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Hadjiiska%2C+R">R. Hadjiiska</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Iaydjiev%2C+P">P. Iaydjiev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Rodozov%2C+M">M. Rodozov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Shopova%2C+M">M. Shopova</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Sultanov%2C+G">G. Sultanov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Dimitrov%2C+A">A. Dimitrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Litov%2C+L">L. Litov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Pavlov%2C+B">B. Pavlov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Petkov%2C+P">P. Petkov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Petrov%2C+A">A. Petrov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Qian%2C+S+J">S. J. Qian</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Han%2C+D">D. Han</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Yi%2C+W">W. Yi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Avila%2C+C">C. Avila</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Cabrera%2C+A">A. Cabrera</a> , et al. (77 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1807.05680v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) phase is designed to increase by an order of magnitude the amount of data to be collected by the LHC experiments. The foreseen gradual increase of the instantaneous luminosity of up to more than twice its nominal value of $10\times10^{34}\ {\rm cm}^{-1}{\rm s}^{-2}$ during Phase I and Phase II of the LHC running, presents special challenges for the experiments. The&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1807.05680v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1807.05680v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1807.05680v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) phase is designed to increase by an order of magnitude the amount of data to be collected by the LHC experiments. The foreseen gradual increase of the instantaneous luminosity of up to more than twice its nominal value of $10\times10^{34}\ {\rm cm}^{-1}{\rm s}^{-2}$ during Phase I and Phase II of the LHC running, presents special challenges for the experiments. The region with high pseudo rapidity ($畏$) region of the forward muon spectrometer ($2.4 &gt; |畏| &gt; 1.9$) is not equipped with RPC stations. The increase of the expected particles rate up to 2 kHz cm$^{-1}$ ( including a safety factor 3 ) motivates the installation of RPC chambers to guarantee redundancy with the CSC chambers already present. The current CMS RPC technology cannot sustain the expected background level. A new generation of Glass-RPC (GRPC) using low-resistivity glass was proposed to equip the two most far away of the four high $畏$ muon stations of CMS. In their single-gap version they can stand rates of few kHz cm$^{-1}$. Their time precision of about 1 ns can allow to reduce the noise contribution leading to an improvement of the trigger rate. The proposed design for large size chambers is examined and some preliminary results obtained during beam tests at Gamma Irradiation Facility (GIF++) and Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) at CERN are shown. They were performed to validate the capability of such detectors to support high irradiation environment with limited consequence on their efficiency. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1807.05680v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1807.05680v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 16 July, 2018; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> July 2018. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.00222">arXiv:1706.00222</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1706.00222">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1706.00222">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/12/05/P05022">10.1088/1748-0221/12/05/P05022 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Test Beam Performance Measurements for the Phase I Upgrade of the CMS Pixel Detector </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Dragicevic%2C+M">M. Dragicevic</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Friedl%2C+M">M. Friedl</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Hrubec%2C+J">J. Hrubec</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Steininger%2C+H">H. Steininger</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=G%C3%A4dda%2C+A">A. G盲dda</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=H%C3%A4rk%C3%B6nen%2C+J">J. H盲rk枚nen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Lamp%C3%A9n%2C+T">T. Lamp茅n</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Luukka%2C+P">P. Luukka</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Peltola%2C+T">T. Peltola</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Tuominen%2C+E">E. Tuominen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Tuovinen%2C+E">E. Tuovinen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Winkler%2C+A">A. Winkler</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Eerola%2C+P">P. Eerola</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Tuuva%2C+T">T. Tuuva</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Baulieu%2C+G">G. Baulieu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Boudoul%2C+G">G. Boudoul</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Caponetto%2C+L">L. Caponetto</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Combaret%2C+C">C. Combaret</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Contardo%2C+D">D. Contardo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Dupasquier%2C+T">T. Dupasquier</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Gallbit%2C+G">G. Gallbit</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Lumb%2C+N">N. Lumb</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Mirabito%2C+L">L. Mirabito</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Perries%2C+S">S. Perries</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Donckt%2C+M+V">M. Vander Donckt</a> , et al. (462 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1706.00222v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> A new pixel detector for the CMS experiment was built in order to cope with the instantaneous luminosities anticipated for the Phase~I Upgrade of the LHC. The new CMS pixel detector provides four-hit tracking with a reduced material budget as well as new cooling and powering schemes. A new front-end readout chip mitigates buffering and bandwidth limitations, and allows operation at low comparator&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1706.00222v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1706.00222v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1706.00222v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> A new pixel detector for the CMS experiment was built in order to cope with the instantaneous luminosities anticipated for the Phase~I Upgrade of the LHC. The new CMS pixel detector provides four-hit tracking with a reduced material budget as well as new cooling and powering schemes. A new front-end readout chip mitigates buffering and bandwidth limitations, and allows operation at low comparator thresholds. In this paper, comprehensive test beam studies are presented, which have been conducted to verify the design and to quantify the performance of the new detector assemblies in terms of tracking efficiency and spatial resolution. Under optimal conditions, the tracking efficiency is $99.95\pm0.05\,\%$, while the intrinsic spatial resolutions are $4.80\pm0.25\,渭\mathrm{m}$ and $7.99\pm0.21\,渭\mathrm{m}$ along the $100\,渭\mathrm{m}$ and $150\,渭\mathrm{m}$ pixel pitch, respectively. The findings are compared to a detailed Monte Carlo simulation of the pixel detector and good agreement is found. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1706.00222v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1706.00222v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 1 June, 2017; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> June 2017. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Report number:</span> CMS-NOTE-2017-002 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1606.01398">arXiv:1606.01398</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1606.01398">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1606.01398">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/09/C09006">10.1088/1748-0221/11/09/C09006 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> High rate, fast timing Glass RPC for the high 畏 CMS muon detectors </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Lagarde%2C+F">F. Lagarde</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Gouzevitch%2C+M">M. Gouzevitch</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Laktineh%2C+I">I. Laktineh</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Buridon%2C+V">V. Buridon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Chen%2C+X">X. Chen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Combaret%2C+C">C. Combaret</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Eynard%2C+A">A. Eynard</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Germani%2C+L">L. Germani</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Grenier%2C+G">G. Grenier</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Mathez%2C+H">H. Mathez</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Mirabito%2C+L">L. Mirabito</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Petrukhin%2C+A">A. Petrukhin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Steen%2C+A">A. Steen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Tromeuraa%2C+W">W. Tromeuraa</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Wang%2C+Y">Y. Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Gongab%2C+A">A. Gongab</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Moreau%2C+N">N. Moreau</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=de+la+Taille%2C+C">C. de la Taille</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Dulucqac%2C+F">F. Dulucqac</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Cimmino%2C+A">A. Cimmino</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Crucy%2C+S">S. Crucy</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Fagot%2C+A">A. Fagot</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Gul%2C+M">M. Gul</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Rios%2C+A+A+O">A. A. O. Rios</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Tytgat%2C+M">M. Tytgat</a> , et al. (86 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1606.01398v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The HL-LHC phase is designed to increase by an order of magnitude the amount of data to be collected by the LHC experiments. To achieve this goal in a reasonable time scale the instantaneous luminosity would also increase by an order of magnitude up to $6.10^{34} cm^{-2} s^{-1}$ . The region of the forward muon spectrometer ($|畏| &gt; 1.6$) is not equipped with RPC stations. The increase of the expec&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1606.01398v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1606.01398v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1606.01398v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The HL-LHC phase is designed to increase by an order of magnitude the amount of data to be collected by the LHC experiments. To achieve this goal in a reasonable time scale the instantaneous luminosity would also increase by an order of magnitude up to $6.10^{34} cm^{-2} s^{-1}$ . The region of the forward muon spectrometer ($|畏| &gt; 1.6$) is not equipped with RPC stations. The increase of the expected particles rate up to $2 kHz/cm^{2}$ (including a safety factor 3) motivates the installation of RPC chambers to guarantee redundancy with the CSC chambers already present. The actual RPC technology of CMS cannot sustain the expected background level. The new technology that will be chosen should have a high rate capability and provides a good spatial and timing resolution. A new generation of Glass-RPC (GRPC) using low-resistivity (LR) glass is proposed to equip at least the two most far away of the four high $畏$ muon stations of CMS. First the design of small size prototypes and studies of their performance in high-rate particles flux is presented. Then the proposed designs for large size chambers and their fast-timing electronic readout are examined and preliminary results are provided. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1606.01398v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1606.01398v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 22 July, 2016; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 4 June, 2016; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> June 2016. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">14 pages, 11 figures, Conference proceeding for the 2016 Resistive Plate Chambers and Related Detectors</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1606.00993">arXiv:1606.00993</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1606.00993">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1606.00993">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2016.05.073">10.1016/j.nima.2016.05.073 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> High rate, fast timing Glass RPC for the high $畏$ CMS muon detectors </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Gouzevitch%2C+M">Maxime Gouzevitch</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Lagarde%2C+F">Fran莽ois Lagarde</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Laktineh%2C+I">Imad Laktineh</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Buridon%2C+V">Victor Buridon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Chen%2C+X">Xiushan Chen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Combaret%2C+C">Christophe Combaret</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Eynard%2C+A">Alexis Eynard</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Germani%2C+L">Lionel Germani</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Grenier%2C+G">Gerald Grenier</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Mathez%2C+H">Herv茅 Mathez</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Mirabito%2C+L">Laurent Mirabito</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Petrukhin%2C+A">Alexei Petrukhin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Steen%2C+A">Arnaud Steen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Tromeur%2C+W">William Tromeur</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Wang%2C+Y">Yi Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Wang%2C+F">Fuyue Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Moreau%2C+N">Nathalie Moreau</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=de+la+Taille%2C+C">Christophe de la Taille</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Dulucq%2C+F">Fr茅deric Dulucq</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1606.00993v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The HL-LHC phase is designed to increase by an order of magnitude the amount of data to be collected by the LHC experiments. To achieve this goal in a reasonable time scale the instantaneous luminosity would also increase by an order of magnitude up to $6 \cdot 10^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$. The region of the forward muon spectrometer ($|畏| &gt; 1.6$) is not equipped with RPC stations. The increase of t&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1606.00993v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1606.00993v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1606.00993v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The HL-LHC phase is designed to increase by an order of magnitude the amount of data to be collected by the LHC experiments. To achieve this goal in a reasonable time scale the instantaneous luminosity would also increase by an order of magnitude up to $6 \cdot 10^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$. The region of the forward muon spectrometer ($|畏| &gt; 1.6$) is not equipped with RPC stations. The increase of the expected particles rate up to 2 kHz/cm$^2$ ( including a safety factor 3 ) motivates the installation of RPC chambers to guarantee redundancy with the CSC chambers already present. The actual RPC technology of CMS cannot sustain the expected background level. A new generation Glass-RPC (GRPC) using low resistivity glass (LR) is proposed to equip at least the two most far away of the four high eta muon stations of CMS. The design of small size prototypes and the studies of their performances under high rate particles flux is presented. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1606.00993v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1606.00993v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 3 June, 2016; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> June 2016. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">5 pages, 5 figures, proceeding for the conference VCI 2016</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Nuclear Instruments &amp; Methods in Physics Research A (2016) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1604.04550">arXiv:1604.04550</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1604.04550">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1604.04550">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/06/P06014">10.1088/1748-0221/11/06/P06014 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Resistive Plate Chamber Digitization in a Hadronic Shower Environment </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Deng%2C+Z">Z. Deng</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Li%2C+Y">Y. Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Wang%2C+Y">Y. Wang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Yue%2C+Q">Q. Yue</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Yang%2C+Z">Z. Yang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Apostolakis%2C+J">J. Apostolakis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Folger%2C+G">G. Folger</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Grefe%2C+C">C. Grefe</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Ivantchenko%2C+V">V. Ivantchenko</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Ribon%2C+A">A. Ribon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Uzhinskiy%2C+V">V. Uzhinskiy</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Boumediene%2C+D">D. Boumediene</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Carloganu%2C+C">C. Carloganu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Fran%C3%A7ais%2C+V">V. Fran莽ais</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Cho%2C+G">G. Cho</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Kim%2C+D">D-W. Kim</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Lee%2C+S+C">S. C. Lee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Park%2C+W">W. Park</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Vallecorsa%2C+S">S. Vallecorsa</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Cauwenbergh%2C+S">S. Cauwenbergh</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Tytgat%2C+M">M. Tytgat</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Pingault%2C+A">A. Pingault</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Zaganidis%2C+N">N. Zaganidis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Brianne%2C+E">E. Brianne</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Ebrahimi%2C+A">A. Ebrahimi</a> , et al. (103 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1604.04550v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The CALICE Semi-Digital Hadron Calorimeter (SDHCAL) technological prototype is a sampling calorimeter using Glass Resistive Plate Chamber detectors with a three-threshold readout as the active medium. This technology is one of the two options proposed for the hadron calorimeter of the International Large Detector for the International Linear Collider. The prototype was exposed to beams of muons, e&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1604.04550v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1604.04550v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1604.04550v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The CALICE Semi-Digital Hadron Calorimeter (SDHCAL) technological prototype is a sampling calorimeter using Glass Resistive Plate Chamber detectors with a three-threshold readout as the active medium. This technology is one of the two options proposed for the hadron calorimeter of the International Large Detector for the International Linear Collider. The prototype was exposed to beams of muons, electrons and pions of different energies at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. To be able to study the performance of such a calorimeter in future experiments it is important to ensure reliable simulation of its response. In this paper we present our prototype simulation performed with GEANT4 and the digitization procedure achieved with an algorithm called SimDigital. A detailed description of this algorithm is given and the methods to determinate its parameters using muon tracks and electromagnetic showers are explained. The comparison with hadronic shower data shows a good agreement up to 50 GeV. Discrepancies are observed at higher energies. The reasons for these differences are investigated. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1604.04550v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1604.04550v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 15 April, 2016; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> April 2016. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1602.08578">arXiv:1602.08578</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1602.08578">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1602.08578">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/06/P06013">10.1088/1748-0221/11/06/P06013 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Hadron shower decomposition in the highly granular CALICE analogue hadron calorimeter </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=The+CALICE+Collaboration"> The CALICE Collaboration</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Eigen%2C+G">G. Eigen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Price%2C+T">T. Price</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Watson%2C+N+K">N. K. Watson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Marshall%2C+J+S">J. S. Marshall</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Thomson%2C+M+A">M. A. Thomson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Ward%2C+D+R">D. R. Ward</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Benchekroun%2C+D">D. Benchekroun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Hoummada%2C+A">A. Hoummada</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Khoulaki%2C+Y">Y. Khoulaki</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Apostolakis%2C+J">J. Apostolakis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Dotti%2C+A">A. Dotti</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Folger%2C+G">G. Folger</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Ivantchenko%2C+V">V. Ivantchenko</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Ribon%2C+A">A. Ribon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Uzhinskiy%2C+V">V. Uzhinskiy</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Hostachy%2C+J+-">J. -Y. Hostachy</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Morin%2C+L">L. Morin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Brianne%2C+E">E. Brianne</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Ebrahimi%2C+A">A. Ebrahimi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Gadow%2C+K">K. Gadow</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=G%C3%B6ttlicher%2C+P">P. G枚ttlicher</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=G%C3%BCnter%2C+C">C. G眉nter</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Hartbrich%2C+O">O. Hartbrich</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Hermberg%2C+B">B. Hermberg</a> , et al. (135 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1602.08578v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The spatial development of hadronic showers in the CALICE scintillator-steel analogue hadron calorimeter is studied using test beam data collected at CERN and FNAL for single positive pions and protons with initial momenta in the range from 10 to 80 GeV/c. Both longitudinal and radial development of hadron showers are parametrised with two-component functions. The parametrisation is fit to test be&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1602.08578v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1602.08578v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1602.08578v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The spatial development of hadronic showers in the CALICE scintillator-steel analogue hadron calorimeter is studied using test beam data collected at CERN and FNAL for single positive pions and protons with initial momenta in the range from 10 to 80 GeV/c. Both longitudinal and radial development of hadron showers are parametrised with two-component functions. The parametrisation is fit to test beam data and simulations using the QGSP_BERT and FTFP_BERT physics lists from Geant4 version 9.6. The parameters extracted from data and simulated samples are compared for the two types of hadrons. The response to pions and the ratio of the non-electromagnetic to the electromagnetic calorimeter response, h/e, are estimated using the extrapolation and decomposition of the longitudinal profiles. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1602.08578v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1602.08578v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 15 March, 2016; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 27 February, 2016; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2016. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">38 pages, 19 figures, 5 tables; author list changed; submitted to JINST</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1602.02276">arXiv:1602.02276</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1602.02276">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1602.02276">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/04/P04001">10.1088/1748-0221/11/04/P04001 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> First results of the CALICE SDHCAL technological prototype </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Buridon%2C+V">V. Buridon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Combaret%2C+C">C. Combaret</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Caponetto%2C+L">L. Caponetto</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Et%C3%A9%2C+R">R. Et茅</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Garillot%2C+G">G. Garillot</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Grenier%2C+G">G. Grenier</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Han%2C+R">R. Han</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Ianigro%2C+J+C">J. C. Ianigro</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Kieffer%2C+R">R. Kieffer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Laktineh%2C+I">I. Laktineh</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Lumb%2C+N">N. Lumb</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Mathez%2C+H">H. Mathez</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Mirabito%2C+L">L. Mirabito</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Petrukhin%2C+A">A. Petrukhin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Steen%2C+A">A. Steen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Antequera%2C+J+B">J. Berenguer Antequera</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Alamillo%2C+E+C">E. Calvo Alamillo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Fouz%2C+M+-">M. -C. Fouz</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Marin%2C+J">J. Marin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Puerta-Pelayo%2C+J">J. Puerta-Pelayo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Verdugo%2C+A">A. Verdugo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Gil%2C+E+C">E. Cortina Gil</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Mannai%2C+S">S. Mannai</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Cauwenbergh%2C+S">S. Cauwenbergh</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Tytgat%2C+M">M. Tytgat</a> , et al. (96 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1602.02276v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The CALICE Semi-Digital Hadronic Calorimeter (SDHCAL) prototype, built in 2011, was exposed to beams of hadrons, electrons and muons in two short periods in 2012 on two different beam lines of the CERN SPS. The prototype with its 48 active layers, made of Glass Resistive Plate Chambers and their embedded readout electronics, was run in triggerless and power-pulsing mode. The performance of the SDH&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1602.02276v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1602.02276v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1602.02276v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The CALICE Semi-Digital Hadronic Calorimeter (SDHCAL) prototype, built in 2011, was exposed to beams of hadrons, electrons and muons in two short periods in 2012 on two different beam lines of the CERN SPS. The prototype with its 48 active layers, made of Glass Resistive Plate Chambers and their embedded readout electronics, was run in triggerless and power-pulsing mode. The performance of the SDHCAL during the test beam was found to be very satisfactory with an efficiency exceeding 90% for almost all of the 48 active layers. A linear response (within 5%) and a good energy resolution are obtained for a large range of hadronic energies (5-80GeV) by applying appropriate calibration coefficients to the collected data for both the Digital (Binary) and the Semi-Digital (Multi-threshold) modes of the SDHCAL prototype. The Semi-Digital mode shows better performance at energies exceeding 30GeV <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1602.02276v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1602.02276v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 20 March, 2016; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 6 February, 2016; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2016. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1506.05316">arXiv:1506.05316</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1506.05316">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1506.05316">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Construction and commissioning of a technological prototype of a high-granularity semi-digital hadronic calorimeter </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Baulieu%2C+G">G. Baulieu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Bedjidian%2C+M">M. Bedjidian</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Belkadhi%2C+K">K. Belkadhi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Berenguer%2C+J">J. Berenguer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Boudry%2C+V">V. Boudry</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Calabria%2C+P">P. Calabria</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Callier%2C+S">S. Callier</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Almillo%2C+E+C">E. Calvo Almillo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Cap%2C+S">S. Cap</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Caponetto%2C+L">L. Caponetto</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Combaret%2C+C">C. Combaret</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Cornat%2C+R">R. Cornat</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Gil%2C+E+C">E. Cortina Gil</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=de+Callatay%2C+B">B. de Callatay</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Davin%2C+F">F. Davin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=de+la+Taille%2C+C">C. de la Taille</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Dellanegra%2C+R">R. Dellanegra</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Delaunay%2C+D">D. Delaunay</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Doizon%2C+F">F. Doizon</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Dulucq%2C+F">F. Dulucq</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Eynard%2C+A">A. Eynard</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Fouz%2C+M">M-C. Fouz</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Gastaldi%2C+F">F. Gastaldi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Germani%2C+L">L. Germani</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Grenier%2C+G">G. Grenier</a> , et al. (21 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1506.05316v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> A large prototype of 1.3m3 was designed and built as a demonstrator of the semi-digital hadronic calorimeter (SDHCAL) concept proposed for the future ILC experiments. The prototype is a sampling hadronic calorimeter of 48 units. Each unit is built of an active layer made of 1m2 Glass Resistive Plate Chamber(GRPC) detector placed inside a cassette whose walls are made of stainless steel. The casset&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1506.05316v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1506.05316v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1506.05316v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> A large prototype of 1.3m3 was designed and built as a demonstrator of the semi-digital hadronic calorimeter (SDHCAL) concept proposed for the future ILC experiments. The prototype is a sampling hadronic calorimeter of 48 units. Each unit is built of an active layer made of 1m2 Glass Resistive Plate Chamber(GRPC) detector placed inside a cassette whose walls are made of stainless steel. The cassette contains also the electronics used to read out the GRPC detector. The lateral granularity of the active layer is provided by the electronics pick-up pads of 1cm2 each. The cassettes are inserted into a self-supporting mechanical structure built also of stainless steel plates which, with the cassettes walls, play the role of the absorber. The prototype was designed to be very compact and important efforts were made to minimize the number of services cables to optimize the efficiency of the Particle Flow Algorithm techniques to be used in the future ILC experiments. The different components of the SDHCAL prototype were studied individually and strict criteria were applied for the final selection of these components. Basic calibration procedures were performed after the prototype assembling. The prototype is the first of a series of new-generation detectors equipped with a power-pulsing mode intended to reduce the power consumption of this highly granular detector. A dedicated acquisition system was developed to deal with the output of more than 440000 electronics channels in both trigger and triggerless modes. After its completion in 2011, the prototype was commissioned using cosmic rays and particles beams at CERN. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1506.05316v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1506.05316v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 24 October, 2015; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 15 June, 2015; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> June 2015. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">49 pages, 41 figures</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1505.01824">arXiv:1505.01824</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1505.01824">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1505.01824">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/04/P04023">10.1088/1748-0221/11/04/P04023 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Trapping in irradiated p-on-n silicon sensors at fluences anticipated at the HL-LHC outer tracker </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Adam%2C+W">W. Adam</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Bergauer%2C+T">T. Bergauer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Dragicevic%2C+M">M. Dragicevic</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Friedl%2C+M">M. Friedl</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Fruehwirth%2C+R">R. Fruehwirth</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Hoch%2C+M">M. Hoch</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Hrubec%2C+J">J. Hrubec</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Krammer%2C+M">M. Krammer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Treberspurg%2C+W">W. Treberspurg</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Waltenberger%2C+W">W. Waltenberger</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Alderweireldt%2C+S">S. Alderweireldt</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Beaumont%2C+W">W. Beaumont</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Janssen%2C+X">X. Janssen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Luyckx%2C+S">S. Luyckx</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Van+Mechelen%2C+P">P. Van Mechelen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Van+Remortel%2C+N">N. Van Remortel</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Van+Spilbeeck%2C+A">A. Van Spilbeeck</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Barria%2C+P">P. Barria</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Caillol%2C+C">C. Caillol</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Clerbaux%2C+B">B. Clerbaux</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=De+Lentdecker%2C+G">G. De Lentdecker</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Dobur%2C+D">D. Dobur</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Favart%2C+L">L. Favart</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Grebenyuk%2C+A">A. Grebenyuk</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Lenzi%2C+T">Th. Lenzi</a> , et al. (663 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1505.01824v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The degradation of signal in silicon sensors is studied under conditions expected at the CERN High-Luminosity LHC. 200 $渭$m thick n-type silicon sensors are irradiated with protons of different energies to fluences of up to $3 \cdot 10^{15}$ neq/cm$^2$. Pulsed red laser light with a wavelength of 672 nm is used to generate electron-hole pairs in the sensors. The induced signals are used to determi&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1505.01824v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1505.01824v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1505.01824v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The degradation of signal in silicon sensors is studied under conditions expected at the CERN High-Luminosity LHC. 200 $渭$m thick n-type silicon sensors are irradiated with protons of different energies to fluences of up to $3 \cdot 10^{15}$ neq/cm$^2$. Pulsed red laser light with a wavelength of 672 nm is used to generate electron-hole pairs in the sensors. The induced signals are used to determine the charge collection efficiencies separately for electrons and holes drifting through the sensor. The effective trapping rates are extracted by comparing the results to simulation. The electric field is simulated using Synopsys device simulation assuming two effective defects. The generation and drift of charge carriers are simulated in an independent simulation based on PixelAV. The effective trapping rates are determined from the measured charge collection efficiencies and the simulated and measured time-resolved current pulses are compared. The effective trapping rates determined for both electrons and holes are about 50% smaller than those obtained using standard extrapolations of studies at low fluences and suggests an improved tracker performance over initial expectations. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1505.01824v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1505.01824v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 7 May, 2015; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> May 2015. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> 2016 JINST 11 P04023 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1412.2653">arXiv:1412.2653</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1412.2653">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1412.2653">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/10/04/P04014">10.1088/1748-0221/10/04/P04014 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Pion and proton showers in the CALICE scintillator-steel analogue hadron calorimeter </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=The+CALICE+Collaboration"> The CALICE Collaboration</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Bilki%2C+B">B. Bilki</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Repond%2C+J">J. Repond</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Xia%2C+L">L. Xia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Eigen%2C+G">G. Eigen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Thomson%2C+M+A">M. A. Thomson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Ward%2C+D+R">D. R. Ward</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Benchekroun%2C+D">D. Benchekroun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Hoummada%2C+A">A. Hoummada</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Khoulaki%2C+Y">Y. Khoulaki</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Chang%2C+S">S. Chang</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Khan%2C+A">A. Khan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Kim%2C+D+H">D. H. Kim</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Kong%2C+D+J">D. J. Kong</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Oh%2C+Y+D">Y. D. Oh</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Blazey%2C+G+C">G. C. Blazey</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Dyshkant%2C+A">A. Dyshkant</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Francis%2C+K">K. Francis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Lima%2C+J+G+R">J. G. R. Lima</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Salcido%2C+R">R. Salcido</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Zutshi%2C+V">V. Zutshi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Salvatore%2C+F">F. Salvatore</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Kawagoe%2C+K">K. Kawagoe</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Miyazaki%2C+Y">Y. Miyazaki</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Sudo%2C+Y">Y. Sudo</a> , et al. (147 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1412.2653v3-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Showers produced by positive hadrons in the highly granular CALICE scintillator-steel analogue hadron calorimeter were studied. The experimental data were collected at CERN and FNAL for single particles with initial momenta from 10 to 80 GeV/c. The calorimeter response and resolution and spatial characteristics of shower development for proton- and pion-induced showers for test beam data and simul&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1412.2653v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1412.2653v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1412.2653v3-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Showers produced by positive hadrons in the highly granular CALICE scintillator-steel analogue hadron calorimeter were studied. The experimental data were collected at CERN and FNAL for single particles with initial momenta from 10 to 80 GeV/c. The calorimeter response and resolution and spatial characteristics of shower development for proton- and pion-induced showers for test beam data and simulations using Geant4 version 9.6 are compared. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1412.2653v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1412.2653v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 15 March, 2015; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 8 December, 2014; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> December 2014. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">26 pages, 16 figures, JINST style, changes in the author list, typos corrected, new section added, figures regrouped. Accepted for publication in JINST</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1404.6454">arXiv:1404.6454</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1404.6454">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1404.6454">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/9/07/P07022">10.1088/1748-0221/9/07/P07022 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> The Time Structure of Hadronic Showers in highly granular Calorimeters with Tungsten and Steel Absorbers </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Adloff%2C+C">C. Adloff</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Blaising%2C+J+-">J. -J. Blaising</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Chefdeville%2C+M">M. Chefdeville</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Drancourt%2C+C">C. Drancourt</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Gaglione%2C+R">R. Gaglione</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Geffroy%2C+N">N. Geffroy</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Karyotakis%2C+Y">Y. Karyotakis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Koletsou%2C+I">I. Koletsou</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Prast%2C+J">J. Prast</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Repond%2C+G+V+J">G. Vouters J. Repond</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Schlereth%2C+J">J. Schlereth</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Baldolemar%2C+L+X+E">L. Xia E. Baldolemar</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Li%2C+J">J. Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Park%2C+S+T">S. T. Park</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Sosebee%2C+M">M. Sosebee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=White%2C+A+P">A. P. White</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Yu%2C+J">J. Yu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Eigen%2C+G">G. Eigen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Thomson%2C+M+A">M. A. Thomson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Ward%2C+D+R">D. R. Ward</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Benchekroun%2C+D">D. Benchekroun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Hoummada%2C+A">A. Hoummada</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Apostolakis%2C+Y+K+J">Y. Khoulaki J. Apostolakis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Arfaoui%2C+S">S. Arfaoui</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Benoit%2C+M">M. Benoit</a> , et al. (188 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1404.6454v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The intrinsic time structure of hadronic showers influences the timing capability and the required integration time of hadronic calorimeters in particle physics experiments, and depends on the active medium and on the absorber of the calorimeter. With the CALICE T3B experiment, a setup of 15 small plastic scintillator tiles read out with Silicon Photomultipliers, the time structure of showers is m&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1404.6454v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1404.6454v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1404.6454v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The intrinsic time structure of hadronic showers influences the timing capability and the required integration time of hadronic calorimeters in particle physics experiments, and depends on the active medium and on the absorber of the calorimeter. With the CALICE T3B experiment, a setup of 15 small plastic scintillator tiles read out with Silicon Photomultipliers, the time structure of showers is measured on a statistical basis with high spatial and temporal resolution in sampling calorimeters with tungsten and steel absorbers. The results are compared to GEANT4 (version 9.4 patch 03) simulations with different hadronic physics models. These comparisons demonstrate the importance of using high precision treatment of low-energy neutrons for tungsten absorbers, while an overall good agreement between data and simulations for all considered models is observed for steel. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1404.6454v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1404.6454v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 21 July, 2014; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 25 April, 2014; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> April 2014. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">24 pages including author list, 9 figures, published in JINST</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Report number:</span> MPP-2014-147 </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> JINST 9 (2014) P07022 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1311.3761">arXiv:1311.3761</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1311.3761">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/ps/1311.3761">ps</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1311.3761">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2014.06.039">10.1016/j.nima.2014.06.039 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Performance of the first prototype of the CALICE scintillator strip electromagnetic calorimeter </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=CALICE+Collaboration"> CALICE Collaboration</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Francis%2C+K">K. Francis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Repond%2C+J">J. Repond</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Schlereth%2C+J">J. Schlereth</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Smith%2C+J">J. Smith</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Xia%2C+L">L. Xia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Baldolemar%2C+E">E. Baldolemar</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Li%2C+J">J. Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Park%2C+S+T">S. T. Park</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Sosebee%2C+M">M. Sosebee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=White%2C+A+P">A. P. White</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Yu%2C+J">J. Yu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Eigen%2C+G">G. Eigen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Mikami%2C+Y">Y. Mikami</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Watson%2C+N+K">N. K. Watson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Thomson%2C+M+A">M. A. Thomson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Ward%2C+D+R">D. R. Ward</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Benchekroun%2C+D">D. Benchekroun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Hoummada%2C+A">A. Hoummada</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Khoulaki%2C+Y">Y. Khoulaki</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Apostolakis%2C+J">J. Apostolakis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Dotti%2C+A">A. Dotti</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Folger%2C+G">G. Folger</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Ivantchenko%2C+V">V. Ivantchenko</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Ribon%2C+A">A. Ribon</a> , et al. (169 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1311.3761v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> A first prototype of a scintillator strip-based electromagnetic calorimeter was built, consisting of 26 layers of tungsten absorber plates interleaved with planes of 45x10x3 mm3 plastic scintillator strips. Data were collected using a positron test beam at DESY with momenta between 1 and 6 GeV/c. The prototype&#39;s performance is presented in terms of the linearity and resolution of the energy measur&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1311.3761v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1311.3761v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1311.3761v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> A first prototype of a scintillator strip-based electromagnetic calorimeter was built, consisting of 26 layers of tungsten absorber plates interleaved with planes of 45x10x3 mm3 plastic scintillator strips. Data were collected using a positron test beam at DESY with momenta between 1 and 6 GeV/c. The prototype&#39;s performance is presented in terms of the linearity and resolution of the energy measurement. These results represent an important milestone in the development of highly granular calorimeters using scintillator strip technology. This technology is being developed for a future linear collider experiment, aiming at the precise measurement of jet energies using particle flow techniques. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1311.3761v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1311.3761v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 11 June, 2014; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 15 November, 2013; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2013. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A (2014), pp. 278-289 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1311.3505">arXiv:1311.3505</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1311.3505">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1311.3505">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/9/01/P01004">10.1088/1748-0221/9/01/P01004 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Shower development of particles with momenta from 1 to 10 GeV in the CALICE Scintillator-Tungsten HCAL </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Adloff%2C+C">C. Adloff</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Blaising%2C+J+-">J. -J. Blaising</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Chefdeville%2C+M">M. Chefdeville</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Drancourt%2C+C">C. Drancourt</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Gaglione%2C+R">R. Gaglione</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Geffroy%2C+N">N. Geffroy</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Karyotakis%2C+Y">Y. Karyotakis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Koletsou%2C+I">I. Koletsou</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Prast%2C+J">J. Prast</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Vouters%2C+G">G. Vouters</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Repond%2C+J">J. Repond</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Schlereth%2C+J">J. Schlereth</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Smith%2C+J">J. Smith</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Xia%2C+L">L. Xia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Baldolemar%2C+E">E. Baldolemar</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Li%2C+J">J. Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Park%2C+S+T">S. T. Park</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Sosebee%2C+M">M. Sosebee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=White%2C+A+P">A. P. White</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Yu%2C+J">J. Yu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Eigen%2C+G">G. Eigen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Thomson%2C+M+A">M. A. Thomson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Ward%2C+D+R">D. R. Ward</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Benchekroun%2C+D">D. Benchekroun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Hoummada%2C+A">A. Hoummada</a> , et al. (194 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1311.3505v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Lepton colliders are considered as options to complement and to extend the physics programme at the Large Hadron Collider. The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is an $e^+e^-$ collider under development aiming at centre-of-mass energies of up to 3 TeV. For experiments at CLIC, a hadron sampling calorimeter with tungsten absorber is proposed. Such a calorimeter provides sufficient depth to contain hig&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1311.3505v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1311.3505v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1311.3505v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Lepton colliders are considered as options to complement and to extend the physics programme at the Large Hadron Collider. The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is an $e^+e^-$ collider under development aiming at centre-of-mass energies of up to 3 TeV. For experiments at CLIC, a hadron sampling calorimeter with tungsten absorber is proposed. Such a calorimeter provides sufficient depth to contain high-energy showers, while allowing a compact size for the surrounding solenoid. A fine-grained calorimeter prototype with tungsten absorber plates and scintillator tiles read out by silicon photomultipliers was built and exposed to particle beams at CERN. Results obtained with electrons, pions and protons of momenta up to 10 GeV are presented in terms of energy resolution and shower shape studies. The results are compared with several GEANT4 simulation models in order to assess the reliability of the Monte Carlo predictions relevant for a future experiment at CLIC. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1311.3505v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1311.3505v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 13 January, 2014; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 14 November, 2013; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2013. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">28 pages, 23 figures, 3 tables</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> JINST 9 P01004 January 2014 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1305.7027">arXiv:1305.7027</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1305.7027">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1305.7027">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Track segments in hadronic showers in a highly granular scintillator-steel hadron calorimeter </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=CALICE+Collaboration"> CALICE Collaboration</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Adloff%2C+C">C. Adloff</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Blaising%2C+J+-">J. -J. Blaising</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Chefdeville%2C+M">M. Chefdeville</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Drancourt%2C+C">C. Drancourt</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Gaglione%2C+R">R. Gaglione</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Geffroy%2C+N">N. Geffroy</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Karyotakis%2C+Y">Y. Karyotakis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Koletsou%2C+I">I. Koletsou</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Prast%2C+J">J. Prast</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Vouters%2C+G">G. Vouters</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Francis%2C+K">K. Francis</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Repond%2C+J">J. Repond</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Schlereth%2C+J">J. Schlereth</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Smith%2C+J">J. Smith</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Xia%2C+L">L. Xia</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Baldolemar%2C+E">E. Baldolemar</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Li%2C+J">J. Li</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Park%2C+S+T">S. T. Park</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Sosebee%2C+M">M. Sosebee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=White%2C+A+P">A. P. White</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Yu%2C+J">J. Yu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Eigen%2C+G">G. Eigen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Mikami%2C+Y">Y. Mikami</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Watson%2C+N+K">N. K. Watson</a> , et al. (184 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1305.7027v3-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> We investigate the three dimensional substructure of hadronic showers in the CALICE scintillator-steel hadronic calorimeter. The high granularity of the detector is used to find track segments of minimum ionising particles within hadronic showers, providing sensitivity to the spatial structure and the details of secondary particle production in hadronic cascades. The multiplicity, length and angul&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1305.7027v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1305.7027v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1305.7027v3-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> We investigate the three dimensional substructure of hadronic showers in the CALICE scintillator-steel hadronic calorimeter. The high granularity of the detector is used to find track segments of minimum ionising particles within hadronic showers, providing sensitivity to the spatial structure and the details of secondary particle production in hadronic cascades. The multiplicity, length and angular distribution of identified track segments are compared to GEANT4 simulations with several different shower models. Track segments also provide the possibility for in-situ calibration of highly granular calorimeters. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1305.7027v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1305.7027v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 29 July, 2013; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 30 May, 2013; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> May 2013. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">27 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in JINST</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Report number:</span> MPP-2013-143 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1111.5630">arXiv:1111.5630</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1111.5630">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1111.5630">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/7/04/P04009">10.1088/1748-0221/7/04/P04009 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> First test of a power-pulsed electronics system on a GRPC detector in a 3-Tesla magnetic field </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Caponetto%2C+L">L. Caponetto</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Combaret%2C+C">C. Combaret</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=de+la+Taille%2C+C">C. de la Taille</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Dulucq%2C+F">F. Dulucq</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Kieffer%2C+R">R. Kieffer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Laktineh%2C+I">I. Laktineh</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Lumb%2C+N">N. Lumb</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Mirabito%2C+L">L. Mirabito</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Seguin-Moreau%2C+N">N. Seguin-Moreau</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1111.5630v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> An important technological step towards the realization of an ultra-granular hadronic calorimeter to be used in the future International Linear Collider (ILC) experiments has been made. A 33X50 cm2 GRPC detector equipped with a power-pulsed electronics board offering a 1cm2 lateral segmentation was successfully tested in a 3-Tesla magnet operating at the H2 beam line of the CERN SPS. An important&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1111.5630v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1111.5630v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1111.5630v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> An important technological step towards the realization of an ultra-granular hadronic calorimeter to be used in the future International Linear Collider (ILC) experiments has been made. A 33X50 cm2 GRPC detector equipped with a power-pulsed electronics board offering a 1cm2 lateral segmentation was successfully tested in a 3-Tesla magnet operating at the H2 beam line of the CERN SPS. An important reduction of power consumption with no deterioration of the detector performance is obtained when the power-pulsing mode is applied. This important result shows that ultra-granular calorimeters for ILC experiments are not only an attractive but also a realistic option. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1111.5630v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1111.5630v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 23 November, 2011; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2011. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">10 pages, 9 figures</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1011.5969">arXiv:1011.5969</a> <span>&nbsp;[<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1011.5969">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1011.5969">other</a>]&nbsp;</span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/6/02/P02001">10.1088/1748-0221/6/02/P02001 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Performance of Glass Resistive Plate Chambers for a high granularity semi-digital calorimeter </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Bedjidian%2C+M">M. Bedjidian</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Belkadhi%2C+K">K. Belkadhi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Boudry%2C+V">V. Boudry</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Combaret%2C+C">C. Combaret</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Decotigny%2C+D">D. Decotigny</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Gil%2C+E+C">E. Cortina Gil</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=de+la+Taille%2C+C">C. de la Taille</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Dellanegra%2C+R">R. Dellanegra</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Gapienko%2C+V+A">V. A. Gapienko</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Grenier%2C+G">G. Grenier</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Jauffret%2C+C">C. Jauffret</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Kieffer%2C+R">R. Kieffer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Fouz%2C+M+-">M. -C. Fouz</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Han%2C+R">R. Han</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Laktineh%2C+I">I. Laktineh</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Lumb%2C+N">N. Lumb</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Manai%2C+K">K. Manai</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Mannai%2C+S">S. Mannai</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Mathez%2C+H">H. Mathez</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Mirabito%2C+L">L. Mirabito</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Pelayo%2C+J+P">J. Puerta Pelayo</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Ruan%2C+M">M. Ruan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Schirra%2C+F">F. Schirra</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Seguin-Moreau%2C+N">N. Seguin-Moreau</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&amp;query=Tromeur%2C+W">W. Tromeur</a> , et al. (3 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1011.5969v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> A new design of highly granular hadronic calorimeter using Glass Resistive Plate Chambers (GRPCs) with embedded electronics has been proposed for the future International Linear Collider (ILC) experiments. It features a 2-bit threshold semi-digital read-out. Several GRPC prototypes with their electronics have been successfully built and tested in pion beams. The design of these detectors is presen&hellip; <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1011.5969v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1011.5969v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">&#9661; More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1011.5969v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> A new design of highly granular hadronic calorimeter using Glass Resistive Plate Chambers (GRPCs) with embedded electronics has been proposed for the future International Linear Collider (ILC) experiments. It features a 2-bit threshold semi-digital read-out. Several GRPC prototypes with their electronics have been successfully built and tested in pion beams. The design of these detectors is presented along with the test results on efficiency, pad multiplicity, stability and reproducibility. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1011.5969v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1011.5969v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">&#9651; Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 30 December, 2010; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 27 November, 2010; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2010. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">16 pages, 15 figures</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> JINST 6:P02001,2011 </p> </li> </ol> <div class="is-hidden-tablet"> <!-- feedback for mobile only --> <span class="help" style="display: inline-block;"><a href="https://github.com/arXiv/arxiv-search/releases">Search v0.5.6 released 2020-02-24</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div class="columns is-desktop" role="navigation" aria-label="Secondary"> <!-- MetaColumn 1 --> <div class="column"> <div class="columns"> <div class="column"> <ul class="nav-spaced"> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/about">About</a></li> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help">Help</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="column"> <ul class="nav-spaced"> <li> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" class="icon filter-black" role="presentation"><title>contact arXiv</title><desc>Click here to contact arXiv</desc><path d="M502.3 190.8c3.9-3.1 9.7-.2 9.7 4.7V400c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V195.6c0-5 5.7-7.8 9.7-4.7 22.4 17.4 52.1 39.5 154.1 113.6 21.1 15.4 56.7 47.8 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