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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Circumscription" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Circumscription"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Circumscription</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Circumscription-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Phylogeny" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Phylogeny"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Phylogeny</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Phylogeny-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Phylogeny subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Phylogeny-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2009" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2009"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>2009</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2009-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2012" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2012"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>2012</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2012-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery_of_type_genera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery_of_type_genera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Gallery of type genera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery_of_type_genera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Malpighiales</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 68 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-68" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">68 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ملبيغيات – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ملبيغيات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpigiya%C3%A7i%C3%A7%C9%99klil%C9%99r" title="Malpigiyaçiçəklilər – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Malpigiyaçiçəklilər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Мальпігіякветныя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мальпігіякветныя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Малпигиецветни – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Малпигиецветни" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighials" title="Malpighials – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Malpighials" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malp%C3%ADgiotvar%C3%A9" title="Malpígiotvaré – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Malpígiotvaré" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbadoskirseb%C3%A6r-ordenen" title="Barbadoskirsebær-ordenen – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Barbadoskirsebær-ordenen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighienartige" title="Malpighienartige – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Malpighienartige" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpiigialaadsed" title="Malpiigialaadsed – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Malpiigialaadsed" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%B4%CE%B7" title="Μαλπιγειώδη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μαλπιγειώδη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpigialoj" title="Malpigialoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Malpigialoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%AF%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مالپیگی‌سانان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مالپیگی‌سانان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%90%ED%94%BC%EA%B8%B0%EC%95%84%EB%AA%A9" title="말피기아목 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="말피기아목" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8" title="मालपिग्यालेस – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मालपिग्यालेस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpigijolike" title="Malpigijolike – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Malpigijolike" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%92%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9D" title="מלפיגאים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מלפיגאים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BA%D3%A7%D1%80" title="Мальпигия чукӧр – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Мальпигия чукӧр" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malp%C4%ABgiju_rinda" title="Malpīgiju rinda – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Malpīgiju rinda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpigijie%C4%8Diai" title="Malpigijiečiai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Malpigijiečiai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Малпигиовидни – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Малпигиовидни" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%88%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="മാൽപീഗൈൽസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മാൽപീഗൈൽസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ملبيغيات – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ملبيغيات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%83%8E%E3%82%AA%E7%9B%AE" title="キントラノオ目 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="キントラノオ目" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vierordenen" title="Vierordenen – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vierordenen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vierordenen" title="Vierordenen – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vierordenen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%BE%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%92" title="مالپگیالے – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مالپگیالے" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BA%D3%A7%D1%80" title="Мальпигия чукӧр – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Мальпигия чукӧр" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpigiowce" title="Malpigiowce – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Malpigiowce" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Мальпигиецветные – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мальпигиецветные" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malp%C3%ADgiotvar%C3%A9" title="Malpígiotvaré – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Malpígiotvaré" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpigiaordningen" title="Malpigiaordningen – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Malpigiaordningen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="மால்பிகியால்சு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மால்பிகியால்சு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2" title="อันดับโนรา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อันดับโนรา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%94%D1%86%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D1%96" title="Мальпігієцвіті – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мальпігієцвіті" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BB%99_S%C6%A1_ri" title="Bộ Sơ ri – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bộ Sơ ri" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Malpighiales" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%E8%99%8E%E5%B0%BE%E7%9B%AE" title="金虎尾目 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="金虎尾目" 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Eudicot order of flowering plants</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)">Malpighiales<br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">Temporal range: <span class="noprint"><span style="display:inline-block;"></span><span style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Late_Cretaceous" title="Late Cretaceous">Late Cretaceous</a> – recent</span> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; white-space:nowrap; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; position:relative; z-index:0; font-size:97%;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; left:0px; width:207.23076923077px; padding-left:5px; text-align:left; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1));"><a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">PreꞒ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,160,86); left:37.636923076923px; width:18.073846153846px;"><a href="/wiki/Cambrian" title="Cambrian">Ꞓ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,146,112); left:55.710769230769px; width:14.08px;"><a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">O</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(179,225,182); left:69.790769230769px; width:8.3261538461539px;"><a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">S</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(203,140,55); left:78.116923076923px; width:20.409230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">D</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(103,165,153); left:98.526153846154px; width:20.307692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Carboniferous" title="Carboniferous">C</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(240,64,40); left:118.83384615385px; width:15.907015384615px;"><a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">P</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(129,43,146); left:134.74086153846px; width:17.092984615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">T</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(52,178,201); left:151.83384615385px; width:19.089230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">J</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,198,78); left:170.92307692308px; width:26.738461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">K</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(253,154,82); left:197.66153846154px; width:14.543692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Pg</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(255,230,25); left:212.20523076923px; width:6.9215384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Neogene" title="Neogene">N</a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:219px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"><div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:186.15384615385px; width:33.846153846154px; background-color:#360; opacity:0.42;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:186.15384615385px; width:33.846153846154px; background-color:#360; opacity:1;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; top:1px; left:187.15384615385px; width:31.846153846154px; background-color:#6c3;"></div> </div> </div></span></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Starr_010309-0546_Calophyllum_inophyllum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Starr_010309-0546_Calophyllum_inophyllum.jpg/220px-Starr_010309-0546_Calophyllum_inophyllum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Starr_010309-0546_Calophyllum_inophyllum.jpg/330px-Starr_010309-0546_Calophyllum_inophyllum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Starr_010309-0546_Calophyllum_inophyllum.jpg/440px-Starr_010309-0546_Calophyllum_inophyllum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Flower of <i><a href="/wiki/Calophyllum_inophyllum" title="Calophyllum inophyllum">Calophyllum inophyllum</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Calophyllaceae" title="Calophyllaceae">Calophyllaceae</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Malpighiales" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">Eudicots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rosids" title="Rosids">Rosids</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fabids" class="mw-redirect" title="Fabids">Fabids</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Malpighiales</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Laurent_de_Jussieu" title="Antoine Laurent de Jussieu">Juss.</a> <i>ex</i> <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_von_Berchtold" title="Friedrich von Berchtold">Bercht.</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jan_Svatopluk_Presl" title="Jan Svatopluk Presl">J.Presl</a><sup id="cite_ref-apgiii_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apgiii-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Type_genus" title="Type genus">Type genus</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><i><a href="/wiki/Malpighia" title="Malpighia">Malpighia</a></i><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">L.</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)">Families </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achariaceae" title="Achariaceae">Achariaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balanopaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Balanopaceae">Balanopaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonnetiaceae" title="Bonnetiaceae">Bonnetiaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calophyllaceae" title="Calophyllaceae">Calophyllaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caryocaraceae" title="Caryocaraceae">Caryocaraceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centroplacaceae" title="Centroplacaceae">Centroplacaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysobalanaceae" title="Chrysobalanaceae">Chrysobalanaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clusiaceae" title="Clusiaceae">Clusiaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ctenolophonaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Ctenolophonaceae">Ctenolophonaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dichapetalaceae" title="Dichapetalaceae">Dichapetalaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elatinaceae" title="Elatinaceae">Elatinaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythroxylaceae" title="Erythroxylaceae">Erythroxylaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphorbiaceae" title="Euphorbiaceae">Euphorbiaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphroniaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Euphroniaceae">Euphroniaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goupiaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Goupiaceae">Goupiaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humiriaceae" title="Humiriaceae">Humiriaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypericaceae" title="Hypericaceae">Hypericaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irvingiaceae" title="Irvingiaceae">Irvingiaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ixonanthaceae" title="Ixonanthaceae">Ixonanthaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacistemataceae" title="Lacistemataceae">Lacistemataceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linaceae" title="Linaceae">Linaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lophopyxidaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Lophopyxidaceae">Lophopyxidaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malpighiaceae" title="Malpighiaceae">Malpighiaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ochnaceae" title="Ochnaceae">Ochnaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandaceae" title="Pandaceae">Pandaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passifloraceae" title="Passifloraceae">Passifloraceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peraceae" title="Peraceae">Peraceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phyllanthaceae" title="Phyllanthaceae">Phyllanthaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picrodendraceae" title="Picrodendraceae">Picrodendraceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Podostemaceae" title="Podostemaceae">Podostemaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putranjivaceae" title="Putranjivaceae">Putranjivaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafflesiaceae" title="Rafflesiaceae">Rafflesiaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhizophoraceae" title="Rhizophoraceae">Rhizophoraceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salicaceae" title="Salicaceae">Salicaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trigoniaceae" title="Trigoniaceae">Trigoniaceae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violaceae" title="Violaceae">Violaceae</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <p>Rhizophorales </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspidopterys_cordata_W_IMG_2632.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Aspidopterys_cordata_W_IMG_2632.jpg/220px-Aspidopterys_cordata_W_IMG_2632.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Aspidopterys_cordata_W_IMG_2632.jpg/330px-Aspidopterys_cordata_W_IMG_2632.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Aspidopterys_cordata_W_IMG_2632.jpg/440px-Aspidopterys_cordata_W_IMG_2632.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aspidopterys_cordata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aspidopterys cordata (page does not exist)">Aspidopterys cordata</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Malpighiaceae" title="Malpighiaceae">Malpighiaceae</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Malpighiales</b> comprise one of the largest <a href="/wiki/Order_(biology)" title="Order (biology)">orders</a> of <a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">flowering plants</a>, containing about 36 families and more than 16,000 <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a>, about 7.8% of the <a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">eudicots</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEndress_et_al2013_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEndress_et_al2013-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStevens2020_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStevens2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The order is very diverse, containing plants as different as the <a href="/wiki/Willow" title="Willow">willow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viola_(plant)" title="Viola (plant)">violet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poinsettia" title="Poinsettia">poinsettia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manchineel" title="Manchineel">manchineel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rafflesia" title="Rafflesia">rafflesia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coca" title="Coca">coca plant</a>, and are hard to recognize except with <a href="/wiki/Molecular_phylogenetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Molecular phylogenetic">molecular phylogenetic</a> evidence. It is not part of any of the <a href="/wiki/Systematics" title="Systematics">classification</a> systems based only on <a href="/wiki/Plant_morphology" title="Plant morphology">plant morphology</a>. <a href="/wiki/Molecular_clock" title="Molecular clock">Molecular clock</a> calculations estimate the origin of <a href="/wiki/Stem_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Stem group">stem group</a> Malpighiales at around 100 million years ago (<a href="/wiki/Mya_(unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mya (unit)">Mya</a>) and the origin of <a href="/wiki/Crown_group" title="Crown group">crown group</a> Malpighiales at about 90 Mya.<sup id="cite_ref-magallon2009_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-magallon2009-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Malpighiales are divided into 32 to 42 <a href="/wiki/Family_(biology)" title="Family (biology)">families</a>, depending upon which <a href="/wiki/Clade" title="Clade">clades</a> in the order are given the <a href="/wiki/Taxonomic_rank" title="Taxonomic rank">taxonomic rank</a> of family.<sup id="cite_ref-wurdack2009_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wurdack2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/APG_III_system" title="APG III system">APG III system</a>, 35 families were recognized.<sup id="cite_ref-apgiii_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apgiii-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Medusagynaceae, Quiinaceae, Peraceae, Malesherbiaceae, Turneraceae, Samydaceae, and Scyphostegiaceae were consolidated into other families. The largest family, by far, is the <a href="/wiki/Euphorbiaceae" title="Euphorbiaceae">Euphorbiaceae</a>, with about 6300 species in about 245 <a href="/wiki/Genera" class="mw-redirect" title="Genera">genera</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-radcliffe-smith2001_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-radcliffe-smith2001-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a 2009 <a href="/wiki/Research" title="Research">study</a> of <a href="/wiki/DNA_sequence" class="mw-redirect" title="DNA sequence">DNA sequences</a> of 13 <a href="/wiki/Gene" title="Gene">genes</a>, 42 families were placed into 16 <a href="/wiki/Clade" title="Clade">groups</a>, ranging in size from one to 10 families. The relationships among these 16 groups remain poorly resolved.<sup id="cite_ref-wurdack2009_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wurdack2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Malpighiales and <a href="/wiki/Lamiales" title="Lamiales">Lamiales</a> are the two large orders whose <a href="/wiki/Phylogeny" class="mw-redirect" title="Phylogeny">phylogeny</a> remains mostly unresolved.<sup id="cite_ref-soltis2005_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-soltis2005-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some examples of notable species include <a href="/wiki/Manihot_esculenta" class="mw-redirect" title="Manihot esculenta">cassava</a>, a tuber that is a major staple food crop in much of the world; the <a href="/wiki/Rafflesia_arnoldii" title="Rafflesia arnoldii">stinking corpse lily</a>, which produces the largest known flower of any plant; the <a href="/wiki/Willow" title="Willow">willows</a>; <a href="/wiki/Linum_usitatissimum" class="mw-redirect" title="Linum usitatissimum">flaxseed</a>, an important food and fiber crop; <a href="/wiki/Hypericum_perforatum" title="Hypericum perforatum">Saint John's wort</a>, a herb with a long history of medicinal uses; <a href="/wiki/Ricinus_communis" class="mw-redirect" title="Ricinus communis">castor bean</a>, the source of the infamous poison <a href="/wiki/Ricin" title="Ricin">ricin</a>; <a href="/wiki/Passiflora_edulis" title="Passiflora edulis">passionfruit</a>, which produces an edible fruit and psychoactive flowers with a history of traditional medicinal uses; <a href="/wiki/Euphorbia_pulcherrima" class="mw-redirect" title="Euphorbia pulcherrima">poinsettia</a>, a common ornamental plant; the <a href="/wiki/Garcinia_mangostana" class="mw-redirect" title="Garcinia mangostana">mangosteen</a>; <a href="/wiki/Hippomane_mancinella" class="mw-redirect" title="Hippomane mancinella">manchineel tree</a>, one of the most toxic trees in the world; <a href="/wiki/Populus" title="Populus">poplars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aspen" title="Aspen">aspens</a> and cottonwoods which are commonly used for timber – and many more. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Affinities">Affinities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malpighiales&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Affinities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Malpighiales is a member of a <a href="/wiki/Taxonomic_rank" title="Taxonomic rank">supraordinal</a> group called the COM clade, which consists of the orders <a href="/wiki/Celastrales" title="Celastrales">Celastrales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxalidales" title="Oxalidales">Oxalidales</a>, and Malpighiales.<sup id="cite_ref-wang2009_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wang2009-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some describe it as containing a fourth order, <a href="/wiki/Huales" class="mw-redirect" title="Huales">Huales</a>, separating the family <a href="/wiki/Huaceae" title="Huaceae">Huaceae</a> into its own order, separate from Oxalidales.<sup id="cite_ref-doweld2001_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-doweld2001-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some recent studies have placed Malpighiales as sister to Oxalidales <i><a href="/wiki/Sensu_lato" class="mw-redirect" title="Sensu lato">sensu lato</a></i> (including Huaceae),<sup id="cite_ref-wurdack2009_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wurdack2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-z&s2006_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-z&s2006-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while others have found a different <a href="/wiki/Topology" title="Topology">topology</a> for the COM clade.<sup id="cite_ref-magallon2009_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-magallon2009-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wang2009_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wang2009-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-burleigh2009_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-burleigh2009-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The COM clade is part of an <a href="/wiki/Taxonomic_rank" title="Taxonomic rank">unranked</a> group known as <a href="/wiki/Malvids" class="mw-redirect" title="Malvids">malvids</a> (rosid II), though formally placed in <a href="/wiki/Fabidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Fabidae">Fabidae</a> (rosid I).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAPG_IV2016_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAPG_IV2016-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cantino2007_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cantino2007-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These in turn are part of a group that has long been recognized, namely, the <a href="/wiki/Rosids" title="Rosids">rosids</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStevens2020_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStevens2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malpighiales&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The French botanist <a href="/wiki/Charles_Plumier" title="Charles Plumier">Charles Plumier</a> named the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Malpighia" title="Malpighia">Malpighia</a></i> in honor of <a href="/wiki/Marcello_Malpighi" title="Marcello Malpighi">Marcello Malpighi</a>'s work on plants; <i>Malpighia</i> is the <a href="/wiki/Type_genus" title="Type genus">type genus</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Malpighiaceae" title="Malpighiaceae">Malpighiaceae</a>, a family of tropical and subtropical flowering plants. </p><p>The family Malpighiaceae was the <a href="/wiki/Biological_type" class="mw-redirect" title="Biological type">type family</a> for one of the orders created by <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Laurent_de_Jussieu" title="Antoine Laurent de Jussieu">Jussieu</a> in his 1789 work <i>Genera Plantarum</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-jussieu1789_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jussieu1789-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_von_Berchtold" title="Friedrich von Berchtold">Friedrich von Berchtold</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jan_Svatopluk_Presl" title="Jan Svatopluk Presl">Jan Presl</a> described such an order in 1820.<sup id="cite_ref-reveal2008_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reveal2008-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike modern <a href="/wiki/Taxonomist" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxonomist">taxonomists</a>, these authors did not use the suffix "ales" in naming their orders. The name "Malpighiales" is attributed by some to <a href="/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Philipp_von_Martius" title="Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius">Carl von Martius</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStevens2020_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStevens2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 20th century, it was usually associated with <a href="/wiki/John_Hutchinson_(botanist)" title="John Hutchinson (botanist)">John Hutchinson</a>, who used it in all three editions of his book, <i>The Families of Flowering Plants</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-hutchinson1973_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hutchinson1973-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name was not used by those who wrote later, in the 1970s, '80s, and '90s. </p><p>The taxon was largely presaged by <a href="/wiki/Hans_Hallier" class="mw-redirect" title="Hans Hallier">Hans Hallier</a> in 1912 in an article in the <i>Archiv. Néerl. Sci. Exact. Nat.</i> titled "L'Origine et le système phylétique des angiospermes", in which his Passionales and Polygalinae were derived from Linaceae (in Guttales), with Passionales containing seven (of eight) families that also appear in the current Malpighiales, namely Passifloraceae, Salicaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Achariaceae, Flacourtiaceae, Malesherbiaceae, and Turneraceae, and Polygalinae containing four (of 10) families that also appear in the current Malpighiales, namely Malpighiaceae, Violaceae, Dichapetalaceae, and Trigoniaceae.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Molecular_phylogenetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Molecular phylogenetic">molecular phylogenetic</a> revolution led to a major restructuring of the order.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEndress_et_al2013_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEndress_et_al2013-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first semblance of Malpighiales as now known came from a phylogeny of <a href="/wiki/Spermatophyte" class="mw-redirect" title="Spermatophyte">seed plants</a> published in 1993 and based upon <a href="/wiki/DNA_sequence" class="mw-redirect" title="DNA sequence">DNA sequences</a> of the gene <a href="/wiki/RuBisCO" title="RuBisCO"><i>rbcL</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-chase1993_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chase1993-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This study recovered a group of rosids unlike any group found in any previous system of <a href="/wiki/Biological_classification" class="mw-redirect" title="Biological classification">plant classification</a>. To make a clear break with <a href="/wiki/Plant_taxonomy" title="Plant taxonomy">classification</a> systems being used at that time, the <a href="/wiki/Angiosperm_Phylogeny_Group" title="Angiosperm Phylogeny Group">Angiosperm Phylogeny Group</a> <a href="/wiki/Resurrection" title="Resurrection">resurrected</a> Hutchinson's name, though his concept of Malpighiales included much of what is now in Celastrales and Oxalidales.<sup id="cite_ref-apgii_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apgii-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Circumscription">Circumscription</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malpighiales&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Circumscription"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Malpighiales is <a href="/wiki/Monophyletic" class="mw-redirect" title="Monophyletic">monophyletic</a> and in <a href="/wiki/Molecular_phylogenetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Molecular phylogenetic">molecular phylogenetic</a> studies, it receives strong statistical support.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEndress_et_al2013_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEndress_et_al2013-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the APG II system was published in 2003, minor changes to the <a href="/wiki/Circumscription_(taxonomy)" title="Circumscription (taxonomy)">circumscription</a> of the order have been made. The family <a href="/wiki/Peridiscaceae" title="Peridiscaceae">Peridiscaceae</a> has been expanded from two genera to three, and then to four, and transferred to <a href="/wiki/Saxifragales" title="Saxifragales">Saxifragales</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wurdack2009_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wurdack2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-soltis2007_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-soltis2007-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The genera <i><a href="/wiki/Cyrillopsis" title="Cyrillopsis">Cyrillopsis</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Ixonanthaceae" title="Ixonanthaceae">Ixonanthaceae</a>), <i><a href="/wiki/Centroplacus" title="Centroplacus">Centroplacus</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Centroplacaceae" title="Centroplacaceae">Centroplacaceae</a>), <i><a href="/wiki/Bhesa" title="Bhesa">Bhesa</a></i> (Centroplacaceae), <i><a href="/wiki/Aneulophus" title="Aneulophus">Aneulophus</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Erythroxylaceae" title="Erythroxylaceae">Erythroxylaceae</a>), <i><a href="/wiki/Ploiarium" title="Ploiarium">Ploiarium</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Bonnetiaceae" title="Bonnetiaceae">Bonnetiaceae</a>), <i><a href="/wiki/Trichostephanus" title="Trichostephanus">Trichostephanus</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Samydaceae" title="Samydaceae">Samydaceae</a>), <i><a href="/wiki/Sapria" title="Sapria">Sapria</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Rafflesiaceae" title="Rafflesiaceae">Rafflesiaceae</a>), <i><a href="/wiki/Rhizanthes" title="Rhizanthes">Rhizanthes</a></i> (Rafflesiaceae), and <i><a href="/wiki/Rafflesia" title="Rafflesia">Rafflesia</a></i> (Rafflesiaceae) had been either added or confirmed as members of Malpighiales by the end of 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-wurdack2009_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wurdack2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some family delimitations within the order have changed, as well, most notably, the <a href="/wiki/Segregate_(taxonomy)" title="Segregate (taxonomy)">segregation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Calophyllaceae" title="Calophyllaceae">Calophyllaceae</a> from <a href="/wiki/Clusiaceae" title="Clusiaceae">Clusiaceae</a> <i>sensu lato</i> when it was shown that the latter is <a href="/wiki/Paraphyletic" class="mw-redirect" title="Paraphyletic">paraphyletic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wurdack2009_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wurdack2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some differences of opinion on family delimitation exist, as well. For example, <a href="/wiki/Samydaceae" title="Samydaceae">Samydaceae</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scyphostegiaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Scyphostegiaceae">Scyphostegiaceae</a> may be recognized as families or included in a large version of <a href="/wiki/Salicaceae" title="Salicaceae">Salicaceae</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-alford2007_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alford2007-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The group is difficult to characterize phenotypically, due to sheer morphological diversity, ranging from tropical holoparasites with giant flowers, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Rafflesia" title="Rafflesia">Rafflesia</a></i>, to temperate trees and herbs with tiny, simple flowers, such as <a href="/wiki/Salix" class="mw-redirect" title="Salix">Salix</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEndress_et_al2013_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEndress_et_al2013-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Members often have dentate leaves, with the teeth having a single vein running into a congested and often deciduous apex (i.e., violoid, salicoid, or theoid).<sup id="cite_ref-Judd,_W.S._2004_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Judd,_W.S._2004-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, zeylanol has recently been discovered in <i>Balanops</i> and <i>Dichapetalum</i><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which are in the balanops clade (so-called Chrysobalanaceae s. l.). The so-called parietal suborder (the clusioid clade and Ochnaceae s. l. were also part of Parietales) corresponds with the traditional Violales as 8 (Achariaceae, Violaceae, Flacourtiaceae, Lacistemataceae, Scyphostegiaceae, Turneraceae, Malesherbiaceae, and Passifloraceae) of the order's 10 families along with Salicaceae, which have usually been assigned as a related order or suborder,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are in this most derived malpighian suborder, so that eight of the 10 families of this suborder are Violales. The family Flacourtiaceae has proven to be polyphyletic as the cyanogenic members have been placed in Achariaceae and the ones with salicoid teeth were transferred to Salicaceae.<sup id="cite_ref-Judd,_W.S._2004_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Judd,_W.S._2004-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scyphostegiaceae, consisting of the single genus <i><a href="/wiki/Scyphostegia" title="Scyphostegia">Scyphostegia</a></i> has been merged into Salicaceae.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristenhusz_et_al2017_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristenhusz_et_al2017-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Phylogeny">Phylogeny</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malpighiales&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Phylogeny"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2009">2009</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malpighiales&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 2009"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The phylogeny of Malpighiales is, at its <a href="/wiki/Basal_(phylogenetics)" title="Basal (phylogenetics)">deepest</a> level, an unresolved <a href="/wiki/Polytomy" title="Polytomy">polytomy</a> of 16 clades.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEndress_et_al2013_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEndress_et_al2013-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been estimated that complete resolution of the phylogeny will require at least 25000 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">base pairs</a> of <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> sequence data per <a href="/wiki/Taxon" title="Taxon">taxon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-jian2008_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jian2008-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A similar situation exists with Lamiales and it has been analyzed in some detail.<sup id="cite_ref-wortley2005_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wortley2005-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Phylogenetic_tree" title="Phylogenetic tree">phylogenetic tree</a> shown below is from Wurdack and Davis (2009). The statistical support for each branch is 100% <a href="/wiki/Bootstrapping_(statistics)" title="Bootstrapping (statistics)">bootstrap</a> percentage and 100% <a href="/wiki/Posterior_probability" title="Posterior probability">posterior probability</a>, except where labeled, with bootstrap percentage followed by posterior probability. </p> <div class="clade"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1258728058">body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output div.clade,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade{overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade p{font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade{border-spacing:0;margin:0;font-size:100%;line-height:100%;border-collapse:separate;width:auto}.mw-parser-output table.clade table.clade{width:100%;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label{min-width:0.2em;width:0.2em;padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label::before,.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel::before{content:"\2060 "}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.first{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel{padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.last{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar{vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;padding:0 0.5em;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar.reverse{text-align:right;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf{border:0;padding:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leafR{border:0;padding:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf.reverse{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkA{background-color:yellow}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkB{background-color:green}</style> <table class="clade" style="line-height:75%;font-size:85%"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><b>Malpighiales</b> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><small>98/100</small> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Putranjivaceae" title="Putranjivaceae">Putranjivaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Lophopyxidaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Lophopyxidaceae">Lophopyxidaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Irvingiaceae" title="Irvingiaceae">Irvingiaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><small>84/100</small> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Centroplacaceae" title="Centroplacaceae">Centroplacaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Caryocaraceae" title="Caryocaraceae">Caryocaraceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Pandaceae" title="Pandaceae">Pandaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Ixonanthaceae" title="Ixonanthaceae">Ixonanthaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Humiriaceae" title="Humiriaceae">Humiriaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Linaceae" title="Linaceae">Linaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Elatinaceae" title="Elatinaceae">Elatinaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Malpighiaceae" title="Malpighiaceae">Malpighiaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><small>84/100</small> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Ctenolophonaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Ctenolophonaceae">Ctenolophonaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">Rhizophoraceae <a href="/wiki/Sensu_lato" class="mw-redirect" title="Sensu lato">s.l.</a>   </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Erythroxylaceae" title="Erythroxylaceae">Erythroxylaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Rhizophoraceae" title="Rhizophoraceae">Rhizophoraceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><small>99/100</small> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Balanopaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Balanopaceae">Balanopaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">Chrysobalanaceae s.l.   </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Trigoniaceae" title="Trigoniaceae">Trigoniaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Dichapetalaceae" title="Dichapetalaceae">Dichapetalaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Euphroniaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Euphroniaceae">Euphroniaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Chrysobalanaceae" title="Chrysobalanaceae">Chrysobalanaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">Ochnaceae s.l.   </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Ochnaceae" title="Ochnaceae">Ochnaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Medusagynaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Medusagynaceae">Medusagynaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Quiinaceae" title="Quiinaceae">Quiinaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">clusioids   </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><small> 92/98 </small> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Bonnetiaceae" title="Bonnetiaceae">Bonnetiaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Clusiaceae" title="Clusiaceae">Clusiaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Calophyllaceae" title="Calophyllaceae">Calophyllaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Hypericaceae" title="Hypericaceae">Hypericaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Podostemaceae" title="Podostemaceae">Podostemaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">phyllanthoids   </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Picrodendraceae" title="Picrodendraceae">Picrodendraceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Phyllanthaceae" title="Phyllanthaceae">Phyllanthaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Peraceae" title="Peraceae">Peraceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><small> 90/90 </small> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Rafflesiaceae" title="Rafflesiaceae">Rafflesiaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><small> 85/100 </small> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Euphorbiaceae" title="Euphorbiaceae">Euphorbiaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">parietal clade   </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Achariaceae" title="Achariaceae">Achariaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><small> 76/98 </small> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Goupiaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Goupiaceae">Goupiaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><small> 82/100 </small> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Violaceae" title="Violaceae">Violaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">Passifloraceae s.l.   </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Malesherbiaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Malesherbiaceae">Malesherbiaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Turneraceae" title="Turneraceae">Turneraceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Passifloraceae" title="Passifloraceae">Passifloraceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Lacistemataceae" title="Lacistemataceae">Lacistemataceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">Salicaceae s.l.   </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Samydaceae" title="Samydaceae">Samydaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Scyphostegiaceae </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Salicaceae" title="Salicaceae">Salicaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2012">2012</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malpighiales&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2012"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2012, <i>Xi et al.</i> managed to obtain a more resolved phylogenetic tree than previous studies through the use of data from a large number of genes. They included analyses of 82 plastid genes from 58 species (they ignored the problematic <a href="/wiki/Rafflesiaceae" title="Rafflesiaceae">Rafflesiaceae</a>), using partitions identified <a href="/wiki/A_posteriori" class="mw-redirect" title="A posteriori">a posteriori</a> by applying a <a href="/wiki/Bayesian_inference" title="Bayesian inference">Bayesian</a> mixture model. Xi <i>et al.</i> identified 12 additional clades and three major, basal clades.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="clade"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade" style="line-height:75%;font-size:85%"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Oxalidales" title="Oxalidales">Oxalidales</a> (<a href="/wiki/Outgroup_(cladistics)" title="Outgroup (cladistics)">outgroup</a>) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">Malpighiales </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">euphorbioids </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Euphorbiaceae" title="Euphorbiaceae">Euphorbiaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Peraceae" title="Peraceae">Peraceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">phyllanthoids </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Picrodendraceae" title="Picrodendraceae">Picrodendraceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Phyllanthaceae" title="Phyllanthaceae">Phyllanthaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">linoids </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Linaceae" title="Linaceae">Linaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Ixonanthaceae" title="Ixonanthaceae">Ixonanthaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">parietal clade </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">salicoids </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Salicaceae" title="Salicaceae">Salicaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Scyphostegiaceae </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Samydaceae" title="Samydaceae">Samydaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Lacistemataceae" title="Lacistemataceae">Lacistemataceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Passifloraceae" title="Passifloraceae">Passifloraceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Turneraceae" title="Turneraceae">Turneraceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Malesherbiaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Malesherbiaceae">Malesherbiaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Violaceae" title="Violaceae">Violaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Goupiaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Goupiaceae">Goupiaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Achariaceae" title="Achariaceae">Achariaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Humiriaceae" title="Humiriaceae">Humiriaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">clusioids </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Hypericaceae" title="Hypericaceae">Hypericaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Podostemaceae" title="Podostemaceae">Podostemaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Calophyllaceae" title="Calophyllaceae">Calophyllaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Clusiaceae" title="Clusiaceae">Clusiaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Bonnetiaceae" title="Bonnetiaceae">Bonnetiaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">ochnoids </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Ochnaceae" title="Ochnaceae">Ochnaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Quiinaceae" title="Quiinaceae">Quiinaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Medusagynaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Medusagynaceae">Medusagynaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Rhizophoraceae" title="Rhizophoraceae">Rhizophoraceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Erythroxylaceae" title="Erythroxylaceae">Erythroxylaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Ctenolophonaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Ctenolophonaceae">Ctenolophonaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Pandaceae" title="Pandaceae">Pandaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Irvingiaceae" title="Irvingiaceae">Irvingiaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">chrysobalanoids </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Chrysobalanaceae" title="Chrysobalanaceae">Chrysobalanaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Euphroniaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Euphroniaceae">Euphroniaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Dichapetalaceae" title="Dichapetalaceae">Dichapetalaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Trigoniaceae" title="Trigoniaceae">Trigoniaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Balanopaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Balanopaceae">Balanopaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">malpighioids </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Malpighiaceae" title="Malpighiaceae">Malpighiaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Elatinaceae" title="Elatinaceae">Elatinaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Centroplacaceae" title="Centroplacaceae">Centroplacaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Caryocaraceae" title="Caryocaraceae">Caryocaraceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">putranjivoids </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Putranjivaceae" title="Putranjivaceae">Putranjivaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Lophopyxidaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Lophopyxidaceae">Lophopyxidaceae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>Changes made in the <a href="/wiki/Angiosperm_Phylogeny_Group" title="Angiosperm Phylogeny Group">Angiosperm Phylogeny Group</a> (APG) classification of 2016 (APG IV) were the inclusion of <a href="/wiki/Irvingiaceae" title="Irvingiaceae">Irvingiaceae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peraceae" title="Peraceae">Peraceae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Euphorbiaceae" title="Euphorbiaceae">Euphorbiaceae</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ixonanthaceae" title="Ixonanthaceae">Ixonanthaceae</a>, together with the transfer of the COM clade from the fabids (rosid I) to the malvids (rosid II).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAPG_IV2016_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAPG_IV2016-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery_of_type_genera">Gallery of type genera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malpighiales&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Gallery of type genera"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For <a href="/wiki/Etymologies" class="mw-redirect" title="Etymologies">etymologies</a>, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_plant_family_names_with_etymologies" title="List of plant family names with etymologies">List of plant family names with etymologies</a>.</div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 73.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 71.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Annals_of_natural_history_(18226028760).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Acharia tragodes (chaulmoogra family)"><img alt=""botanical illustration"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Annals_of_natural_history_%2818226028760%29.jpg/107px-Annals_of_natural_history_%2818226028760%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="72" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Annals_of_natural_history_%2818226028760%29.jpg/160px-Annals_of_natural_history_%2818226028760%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Annals_of_natural_history_%2818226028760%29.jpg/214px-Annals_of_natural_history_%2818226028760%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2376" data-file-height="3999" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Acharia_tragodes" title="Acharia tragodes">Acharia tragodes</a></i> (chaulmoogra family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balanops_australiana_(13813866135).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Balanops australiana (pimplebark family)"><img alt=""fruit and foliage"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Balanops_australiana_%2813813866135%29.jpg/240px-Balanops_australiana_%2813813866135%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Balanops_australiana_%2813813866135%29.jpg/360px-Balanops_australiana_%2813813866135%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Balanops_australiana_%2813813866135%29.jpg/480px-Balanops_australiana_%2813813866135%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Balanops_australiana" title="Balanops australiana">Balanops australiana</a></i> (pimplebark family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 216px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 214px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bonnetia_stricta_(Nees)_Nees_%26_Mart._(2038118904).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bonnetia stricta (cascarilla family)"><img alt=""flower"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Bonnetia_stricta_%28Nees%29_Nees_%26_Mart._%282038118904%29.jpg/321px-Bonnetia_stricta_%28Nees%29_Nees_%26_Mart._%282038118904%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Bonnetia_stricta_%28Nees%29_Nees_%26_Mart._%282038118904%29.jpg/481px-Bonnetia_stricta_%28Nees%29_Nees_%26_Mart._%282038118904%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Bonnetia_stricta_%28Nees%29_Nees_%26_Mart._%282038118904%29.jpg/642px-Bonnetia_stricta_%28Nees%29_Nees_%26_Mart._%282038118904%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="393" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bonnetia_stricta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bonnetia stricta (page does not exist)">Bonnetia stricta</a></i> (cascarilla family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Summerflowergua.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Calophyllum brasiliense (takamaka family)"><img alt=""flowers and foliage"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Summerflowergua.jpg/240px-Summerflowergua.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Summerflowergua.jpg/360px-Summerflowergua.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Summerflowergua.jpg/480px-Summerflowergua.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Calophyllum_brasiliense" title="Calophyllum brasiliense">Calophyllum brasiliense</a></i> (takamaka family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Caryocar_brasiliense_2015-09-27_(084236).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Caryocar brasiliense (souari-tree family)"><img alt=""flowers"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Caryocar_brasiliense_2015-09-27_%28084236%29.jpg/320px-Caryocar_brasiliense_2015-09-27_%28084236%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Caryocar_brasiliense_2015-09-27_%28084236%29.jpg/480px-Caryocar_brasiliense_2015-09-27_%28084236%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Caryocar_brasiliense_2015-09-27_%28084236%29.jpg/640px-Caryocar_brasiliense_2015-09-27_%28084236%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Caryocar_brasiliense" title="Caryocar brasiliense">Caryocar brasiliense</a></i> (souari-tree family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 76.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 74.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Botanische_Jahrb%C3%BCcher_f%C3%BCr_Systematik,_Pflanzengeschichte_und_Pflanzengeographie_(1907)_(20394368832).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Centroplacus glaucinus (biku-biku family)"><img alt="botanical illustration" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Botanische_Jahrb%C3%BCcher_f%C3%BCr_Systematik%2C_Pflanzengeschichte_und_Pflanzengeographie_%281907%29_%2820394368832%29.jpg/112px-Botanische_Jahrb%C3%BCcher_f%C3%BCr_Systematik%2C_Pflanzengeschichte_und_Pflanzengeographie_%281907%29_%2820394368832%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Botanische_Jahrb%C3%BCcher_f%C3%BCr_Systematik%2C_Pflanzengeschichte_und_Pflanzengeographie_%281907%29_%2820394368832%29.jpg/168px-Botanische_Jahrb%C3%BCcher_f%C3%BCr_Systematik%2C_Pflanzengeschichte_und_Pflanzengeographie_%281907%29_%2820394368832%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Botanische_Jahrb%C3%BCcher_f%C3%BCr_Systematik%2C_Pflanzengeschichte_und_Pflanzengeographie_%281907%29_%2820394368832%29.jpg/224px-Botanische_Jahrb%C3%BCcher_f%C3%BCr_Systematik%2C_Pflanzengeschichte_und_Pflanzengeographie_%281907%29_%2820394368832%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="3674" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Centroplacus_glaucinus" class="mw-redirect" title="Centroplacus glaucinus">Centroplacus glaucinus</a></i> (biku-biku family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 112px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 110px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chrysobalanus_icaco_(Chrysobalanaceae)_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chrysobalanus icaco (cocoplum family)"><img alt="fruit and foliage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Chrysobalanus_icaco_%28Chrysobalanaceae%29_01.jpg/165px-Chrysobalanus_icaco_%28Chrysobalanaceae%29_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Chrysobalanus_icaco_%28Chrysobalanaceae%29_01.jpg/247px-Chrysobalanus_icaco_%28Chrysobalanaceae%29_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Chrysobalanus_icaco_%28Chrysobalanaceae%29_01.jpg/330px-Chrysobalanus_icaco_%28Chrysobalanaceae%29_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Chrysobalanus_icaco" title="Chrysobalanus icaco">Chrysobalanus icaco</a></i> (cocoplum family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Starr_011025-0021_Clusia_rosea.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Clusia rosea (mangosteen family)"><img alt="flower" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Starr_011025-0021_Clusia_rosea.jpg/240px-Starr_011025-0021_Clusia_rosea.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Starr_011025-0021_Clusia_rosea.jpg/360px-Starr_011025-0021_Clusia_rosea.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Starr_011025-0021_Clusia_rosea.jpg/480px-Starr_011025-0021_Clusia_rosea.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Clusia_rosea" title="Clusia rosea">Clusia rosea</a></i> (mangosteen family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dichapetalum_gelonioides_04774.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dichapetalum gelonioides (ratbane family)"><img alt="foliage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Dichapetalum_gelonioides_04774.jpg/271px-Dichapetalum_gelonioides_04774.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Dichapetalum_gelonioides_04774.jpg/406px-Dichapetalum_gelonioides_04774.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Dichapetalum_gelonioides_04774.jpg/542px-Dichapetalum_gelonioides_04774.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Dichapetalum_gelonioides" title="Dichapetalum gelonioides">Dichapetalum gelonioides</a></i> (ratbane family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elatine_hydropiper_sl5.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Elatine hydropiper (waterwort family)"><img alt="foliage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Elatine_hydropiper_sl5.jpg/240px-Elatine_hydropiper_sl5.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Elatine_hydropiper_sl5.jpg/360px-Elatine_hydropiper_sl5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Elatine_hydropiper_sl5.jpg/480px-Elatine_hydropiper_sl5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4128" data-file-height="3096" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Elatine_hydropiper" title="Elatine hydropiper">Elatine hydropiper</a></i> (waterwort family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Erythroxylum_coca_002.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Erythroxylum coca (coca family)"><img alt="flowers and foliage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Erythroxylum_coca_002.JPG/135px-Erythroxylum_coca_002.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Erythroxylum_coca_002.JPG/202px-Erythroxylum_coca_002.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Erythroxylum_coca_002.JPG/270px-Erythroxylum_coca_002.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1326" data-file-height="1768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Erythroxylum_coca" title="Erythroxylum coca">Erythroxylum coca</a></i> (coca family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 88px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 86px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Euphorbia_antiquorum_(Euphorbia_mayuranathanii)_-_Botanischer_Garten_-_Heidelberg,_Germany_-_DSC01386.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Euphorbia antiquorum (spurge family)"><img alt="flowers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Euphorbia_antiquorum_%28Euphorbia_mayuranathanii%29_-_Botanischer_Garten_-_Heidelberg%2C_Germany_-_DSC01386.jpg/129px-Euphorbia_antiquorum_%28Euphorbia_mayuranathanii%29_-_Botanischer_Garten_-_Heidelberg%2C_Germany_-_DSC01386.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Euphorbia_antiquorum_%28Euphorbia_mayuranathanii%29_-_Botanischer_Garten_-_Heidelberg%2C_Germany_-_DSC01386.jpg/194px-Euphorbia_antiquorum_%28Euphorbia_mayuranathanii%29_-_Botanischer_Garten_-_Heidelberg%2C_Germany_-_DSC01386.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Euphorbia_antiquorum_%28Euphorbia_mayuranathanii%29_-_Botanischer_Garten_-_Heidelberg%2C_Germany_-_DSC01386.jpg/258px-Euphorbia_antiquorum_%28Euphorbia_mayuranathanii%29_-_Botanischer_Garten_-_Heidelberg%2C_Germany_-_DSC01386.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3076" data-file-height="4286" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Euphorbia_antiquorum" title="Euphorbia antiquorum">Euphorbia antiquorum</a></i> (spurge family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 90.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 88.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flickr_-_BioDivLibrary_-_n73_w1150.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Euphronia hirtelloides (euphronia family)"><img alt="botanical illustration" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flickr_-_BioDivLibrary_-_n73_w1150.jpg/133px-Flickr_-_BioDivLibrary_-_n73_w1150.jpg" decoding="async" width="89" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flickr_-_BioDivLibrary_-_n73_w1150.jpg/199px-Flickr_-_BioDivLibrary_-_n73_w1150.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flickr_-_BioDivLibrary_-_n73_w1150.jpg/266px-Flickr_-_BioDivLibrary_-_n73_w1150.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1938" data-file-height="2622" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euphronia_hirtelloides&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euphronia hirtelloides (page does not exist)">Euphronia hirtelloides</a></i> (euphronia family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 174px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 172px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:13534-Goupia_glabra-Caura.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Goupia glabra (kopi family)"><img alt="fruit and foliage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/13534-Goupia_glabra-Caura.jpg/258px-13534-Goupia_glabra-Caura.jpg" decoding="async" width="172" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/13534-Goupia_glabra-Caura.jpg/387px-13534-Goupia_glabra-Caura.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/13534-Goupia_glabra-Caura.jpg/515px-13534-Goupia_glabra-Caura.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1939" data-file-height="1355" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Goupia_glabra" title="Goupia glabra">Goupia glabra</a></i> (kopi family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%81rea_de_Prote%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Ambiental_de_Guadalupe_Mauricio_Cabral_Periquito_(11)Humiria_balsamifera_20-01-2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Humiria balsamifera (umiri family)"><img alt="flowers and foliage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/%C3%81rea_de_Prote%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Ambiental_de_Guadalupe_Mauricio_Cabral_Periquito_%2811%29Humiria_balsamifera_20-01-2013.jpg/240px-%C3%81rea_de_Prote%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Ambiental_de_Guadalupe_Mauricio_Cabral_Periquito_%2811%29Humiria_balsamifera_20-01-2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/%C3%81rea_de_Prote%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Ambiental_de_Guadalupe_Mauricio_Cabral_Periquito_%2811%29Humiria_balsamifera_20-01-2013.jpg/360px-%C3%81rea_de_Prote%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Ambiental_de_Guadalupe_Mauricio_Cabral_Periquito_%2811%29Humiria_balsamifera_20-01-2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/%C3%81rea_de_Prote%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Ambiental_de_Guadalupe_Mauricio_Cabral_Periquito_%2811%29Humiria_balsamifera_20-01-2013.jpg/480px-%C3%81rea_de_Prote%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Ambiental_de_Guadalupe_Mauricio_Cabral_Periquito_%2811%29Humiria_balsamifera_20-01-2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humiria_balsamifera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Humiria balsamifera (page does not exist)">Humiria balsamifera</a></i> (umiri family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 118px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 116px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hypericum_canariense_kz2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Hypericum canariense (St.-John's-wort family)"><img alt="flowers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Hypericum_canariense_kz2.JPG/174px-Hypericum_canariense_kz2.JPG" decoding="async" width="116" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Hypericum_canariense_kz2.JPG/261px-Hypericum_canariense_kz2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Hypericum_canariense_kz2.JPG/348px-Hypericum_canariense_kz2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2728" data-file-height="2824" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Hypericum_canariense" title="Hypericum canariense">Hypericum canariense</a></i> (St.-John's-wort family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 181.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 179.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Irvingia_smithii01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Irvingia smithii (ogbono-nut family)"><img alt="flowers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Irvingia_smithii01.jpg/269px-Irvingia_smithii01.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Irvingia_smithii01.jpg/403px-Irvingia_smithii01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Irvingia_smithii01.jpg/537px-Irvingia_smithii01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="483" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irvingia_smithii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irvingia smithii (page does not exist)">Irvingia smithii</a></i> (ogbono-nut family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ixonanthes_reticulata.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ixonanthes reticulata (twentymen-tree family)"><img alt="tree" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Ixonanthes_reticulata.jpg/135px-Ixonanthes_reticulata.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Ixonanthes_reticulata.jpg/202px-Ixonanthes_reticulata.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Ixonanthes_reticulata.jpg/270px-Ixonanthes_reticulata.jpg 2x" data-file-width="844" data-file-height="1125" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Ixonanthes_reticulata" title="Ixonanthes reticulata">Ixonanthes reticulata</a></i> (twentymen-tree family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lacistema_hasslerianum_Chodat_-_Flickr_-_Alex_Popovkin,_Bahia,_Brazil_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lacistema hasslerianum (cemp-wood family)"><img alt="fruit and foliage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Lacistema_hasslerianum_Chodat_-_Flickr_-_Alex_Popovkin%2C_Bahia%2C_Brazil_%281%29.jpg/320px-Lacistema_hasslerianum_Chodat_-_Flickr_-_Alex_Popovkin%2C_Bahia%2C_Brazil_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Lacistema_hasslerianum_Chodat_-_Flickr_-_Alex_Popovkin%2C_Bahia%2C_Brazil_%281%29.jpg/480px-Lacistema_hasslerianum_Chodat_-_Flickr_-_Alex_Popovkin%2C_Bahia%2C_Brazil_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Lacistema_hasslerianum_Chodat_-_Flickr_-_Alex_Popovkin%2C_Bahia%2C_Brazil_%281%29.jpg/640px-Lacistema_hasslerianum_Chodat_-_Flickr_-_Alex_Popovkin%2C_Bahia%2C_Brazil_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="901" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lacistema_hasslerianum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lacistema hasslerianum (page does not exist)">Lacistema hasslerianum</a></i> (cemp-wood family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 118.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 116.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Common_Flax_or_Linseed_(Linum_usitatissimum)_flower._Chapeltoun_North_Ayrshire.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Linum usitatissimum (flax family)"><img alt="flower" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/A_Common_Flax_or_Linseed_%28Linum_usitatissimum%29_flower._Chapeltoun_North_Ayrshire.jpg/175px-A_Common_Flax_or_Linseed_%28Linum_usitatissimum%29_flower._Chapeltoun_North_Ayrshire.jpg" decoding="async" width="117" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/A_Common_Flax_or_Linseed_%28Linum_usitatissimum%29_flower._Chapeltoun_North_Ayrshire.jpg/262px-A_Common_Flax_or_Linseed_%28Linum_usitatissimum%29_flower._Chapeltoun_North_Ayrshire.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/A_Common_Flax_or_Linseed_%28Linum_usitatissimum%29_flower._Chapeltoun_North_Ayrshire.jpg/349px-A_Common_Flax_or_Linseed_%28Linum_usitatissimum%29_flower._Chapeltoun_North_Ayrshire.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2150" data-file-height="2216" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Linum_usitatissimum" class="mw-redirect" title="Linum usitatissimum">Linum usitatissimum</a></i> (flax family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maloighia_glabra_%27Acerola%27_(Malphigiaceae)_flower.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Malpighia glabra (acerola family)"><img alt="flowers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Maloighia_glabra_%27Acerola%27_%28Malphigiaceae%29_flower.jpg/240px-Maloighia_glabra_%27Acerola%27_%28Malphigiaceae%29_flower.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Maloighia_glabra_%27Acerola%27_%28Malphigiaceae%29_flower.jpg/360px-Maloighia_glabra_%27Acerola%27_%28Malphigiaceae%29_flower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Maloighia_glabra_%27Acerola%27_%28Malphigiaceae%29_flower.jpg/480px-Maloighia_glabra_%27Acerola%27_%28Malphigiaceae%29_flower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Malpighia_glabra" title="Malpighia glabra">Malpighia glabra</a></i> (acerola family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ochna_species_5.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ochna thomasiana (Mickey-Mouse-plant family)"><img alt="flowers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Ochna_species_5.jpg/240px-Ochna_species_5.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Ochna_species_5.jpg/360px-Ochna_species_5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Ochna_species_5.jpg/480px-Ochna_species_5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ochna_thomasiana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ochna thomasiana (page does not exist)">Ochna thomasiana</a></i> (Mickey-Mouse-plant family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Panda_oleosa_-_Kyoto_University_Museum_-_DSC06432.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Panda oleosa (kana-nut family)"><img alt="fruit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Panda_oleosa_-_Kyoto_University_Museum_-_DSC06432.JPG/240px-Panda_oleosa_-_Kyoto_University_Museum_-_DSC06432.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Panda_oleosa_-_Kyoto_University_Museum_-_DSC06432.JPG/360px-Panda_oleosa_-_Kyoto_University_Museum_-_DSC06432.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Panda_oleosa_-_Kyoto_University_Museum_-_DSC06432.JPG/480px-Panda_oleosa_-_Kyoto_University_Museum_-_DSC06432.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Panda_oleosa" title="Panda oleosa">Panda oleosa</a></i> (kana-nut family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 84px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 82px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flickr_-_ggallice_-_Purple_Passionflower.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Passiflora incarnata (passionfruit family)"><img alt="flower" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flickr_-_ggallice_-_Purple_Passionflower.jpg/123px-Flickr_-_ggallice_-_Purple_Passionflower.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flickr_-_ggallice_-_Purple_Passionflower.jpg/185px-Flickr_-_ggallice_-_Purple_Passionflower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flickr_-_ggallice_-_Purple_Passionflower.jpg/246px-Flickr_-_ggallice_-_Purple_Passionflower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="876" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Passiflora_incarnata" title="Passiflora incarnata">Passiflora incarnata</a></i> (passionfruit family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flickr_-_Jo%C3%A3o_de_Deus_Medeiros_-_Pera_glabrata_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pera glabrata (lightning-bush family)"><img alt="fruit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flickr_-_Jo%C3%A3o_de_Deus_Medeiros_-_Pera_glabrata_%281%29.jpg/240px-Flickr_-_Jo%C3%A3o_de_Deus_Medeiros_-_Pera_glabrata_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flickr_-_Jo%C3%A3o_de_Deus_Medeiros_-_Pera_glabrata_%281%29.jpg/360px-Flickr_-_Jo%C3%A3o_de_Deus_Medeiros_-_Pera_glabrata_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flickr_-_Jo%C3%A3o_de_Deus_Medeiros_-_Pera_glabrata_%281%29.jpg/480px-Flickr_-_Jo%C3%A3o_de_Deus_Medeiros_-_Pera_glabrata_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pera_glabrata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pera glabrata (page does not exist)">Pera glabrata</a></i> (lightning-bush family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kizhaarnelli_flowers.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Phyllanthus niruri (leafflower family)"><img alt="flowers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Kizhaarnelli_flowers.JPG/240px-Kizhaarnelli_flowers.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Kizhaarnelli_flowers.JPG/360px-Kizhaarnelli_flowers.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Kizhaarnelli_flowers.JPG/480px-Kizhaarnelli_flowers.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Phyllanthus_niruri" title="Phyllanthus niruri">Phyllanthus niruri</a></i> (leafflower family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 133.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 131.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Petalostigma_pubescens_foliage_and_flowers.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Petalostigma pubescens (hollyspurge family; type genus Picrodendron not shown)"><img alt="flowers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Petalostigma_pubescens_foliage_and_flowers.jpg/197px-Petalostigma_pubescens_foliage_and_flowers.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Petalostigma_pubescens_foliage_and_flowers.jpg/296px-Petalostigma_pubescens_foliage_and_flowers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Petalostigma_pubescens_foliage_and_flowers.jpg/395px-Petalostigma_pubescens_foliage_and_flowers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1941" data-file-height="1770" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Petalostigma_pubescens" title="Petalostigma pubescens">Petalostigma pubescens</a></i> (hollyspurge family; type genus <i><a href="/wiki/Picrodendron" title="Picrodendron">Picrodendron</a></i> not shown) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Podostemum_ceratophyllum_(20277018311).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Podostemum ceratophyllum (riverweed family)"><img alt="foliage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Podostemum_ceratophyllum_%2820277018311%29.jpg/271px-Podostemum_ceratophyllum_%2820277018311%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Podostemum_ceratophyllum_%2820277018311%29.jpg/406px-Podostemum_ceratophyllum_%2820277018311%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Podostemum_ceratophyllum_%2820277018311%29.jpg/542px-Podostemum_ceratophyllum_%2820277018311%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Podostemum_ceratophyllum" title="Podostemum ceratophyllum">Podostemum ceratophyllum</a></i> (riverweed family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Child%27s_Amulet_tree_(4428811907).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Putranjiva roxburghii (childlife-tree family)"><img alt="flowers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Child%27s_Amulet_tree_%284428811907%29.jpg/240px-Child%27s_Amulet_tree_%284428811907%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Child%27s_Amulet_tree_%284428811907%29.jpg/360px-Child%27s_Amulet_tree_%284428811907%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Child%27s_Amulet_tree_%284428811907%29.jpg/480px-Child%27s_Amulet_tree_%284428811907%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Putranjiva_roxburghii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Putranjiva roxburghii (page does not exist)">Putranjiva roxburghii</a></i> (childlife-tree family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 81.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 79.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rafflesia_Arnoldii_Batang_Palupuah_Indonesia.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rafflesia Arnoldii (corpse-flower family)"><img alt="flowers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Rafflesia_Arnoldii_Batang_Palupuah_Indonesia.jpg/119px-Rafflesia_Arnoldii_Batang_Palupuah_Indonesia.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Rafflesia_Arnoldii_Batang_Palupuah_Indonesia.jpg/179px-Rafflesia_Arnoldii_Batang_Palupuah_Indonesia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Rafflesia_Arnoldii_Batang_Palupuah_Indonesia.jpg/238px-Rafflesia_Arnoldii_Batang_Palupuah_Indonesia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="4928" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafflesia_Arnoldii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rafflesia Arnoldii (page does not exist)">Rafflesia Arnoldii</a></i> (corpse-flower family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mangrove_at_9_mile_pond_(5643479815).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rhizophora mangle (mangrove family)"><img alt="mangroves" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Mangrove_at_9_mile_pond_%285643479815%29.jpg/270px-Mangrove_at_9_mile_pond_%285643479815%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Mangrove_at_9_mile_pond_%285643479815%29.jpg/405px-Mangrove_at_9_mile_pond_%285643479815%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Mangrove_at_9_mile_pond_%285643479815%29.jpg/540px-Mangrove_at_9_mile_pond_%285643479815%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Rhizophora_mangle" title="Rhizophora mangle">Rhizophora mangle</a></i> (mangrove family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:20170328Salix_alba1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Salix alba (willow family)"><img alt="trees" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/20170328Salix_alba1.jpg/135px-20170328Salix_alba1.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/20170328Salix_alba1.jpg/202px-20170328Salix_alba1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/20170328Salix_alba1.jpg/270px-20170328Salix_alba1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Salix_alba" title="Salix alba">Salix alba</a></i> (willow family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 216px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 214px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Trigonia_nivea_Cambess._var._pubescens_(Cambess.)_Lleras_-_Flickr_-_Alex_Popovkin,_Bahia,_Brazil_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Trigonia nivea (triangle-vine family)"><img alt="fruits" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Trigonia_nivea_Cambess._var._pubescens_%28Cambess.%29_Lleras_-_Flickr_-_Alex_Popovkin%2C_Bahia%2C_Brazil_%281%29.jpg/321px-Trigonia_nivea_Cambess._var._pubescens_%28Cambess.%29_Lleras_-_Flickr_-_Alex_Popovkin%2C_Bahia%2C_Brazil_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Trigonia_nivea_Cambess._var._pubescens_%28Cambess.%29_Lleras_-_Flickr_-_Alex_Popovkin%2C_Bahia%2C_Brazil_%281%29.jpg/481px-Trigonia_nivea_Cambess._var._pubescens_%28Cambess.%29_Lleras_-_Flickr_-_Alex_Popovkin%2C_Bahia%2C_Brazil_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Trigonia_nivea_Cambess._var._pubescens_%28Cambess.%29_Lleras_-_Flickr_-_Alex_Popovkin%2C_Bahia%2C_Brazil_%281%29.jpg/641px-Trigonia_nivea_Cambess._var._pubescens_%28Cambess.%29_Lleras_-_Flickr_-_Alex_Popovkin%2C_Bahia%2C_Brazil_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="899" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trigonia_nivea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trigonia nivea (page does not exist)">Trigonia nivea</a></i> (triangle-vine family) </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 216px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 214px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maiden%27s_jealousy_(Tristellateia_australasiae)_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tristellateia australasiae (Malpighiaceae family)"><img alt="flower and foliage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Maiden%27s_jealousy_%28Tristellateia_australasiae%29_1.jpg/321px-Maiden%27s_jealousy_%28Tristellateia_australasiae%29_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Maiden%27s_jealousy_%28Tristellateia_australasiae%29_1.jpg/481px-Maiden%27s_jealousy_%28Tristellateia_australasiae%29_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Maiden%27s_jealousy_%28Tristellateia_australasiae%29_1.jpg/641px-Maiden%27s_jealousy_%28Tristellateia_australasiae%29_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3920" data-file-height="2204" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Tristellateia_australasiae" title="Tristellateia australasiae">Tristellateia australasiae</a></i> (Malpighiaceae family)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:20150324Viola_odorata2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Viola odorata (violet family)"><img alt="flower" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/20150324Viola_odorata2.jpg/240px-20150324Viola_odorata2.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/20150324Viola_odorata2.jpg/360px-20150324Viola_odorata2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/20150324Viola_odorata2.jpg/480px-20150324Viola_odorata2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2250" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Viola_odorata" title="Viola odorata">Viola odorata</a></i> (violet family) </div> </li> </ul> <p>"Litoh family" is a <a href="/wiki/Common_name" title="Common name">common name</a> for <a href="/wiki/Ctenolophonaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Ctenolophonaceae">Ctenolophonaceae</a>, and "koteb family" for <a href="/wiki/Lophopyxidaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Lophopyxidaceae">Lophopyxidaceae</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malpighiales&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Catalogue+of+Organisms%3A+Malpighiales%3A+A+Glorious+Mess+of+Flowering+Plants&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcoo.fieldofscience.com%2F2013%2F11%2Fmalpighiales-glorious-mess-of-flowering.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalpighiales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFXiRuhfelSchaeferAmorim2012" class="citation journal cs1">Xi, Z.; Ruhfel, B. R.; Schaefer, H.; Amorim, A. M.; Sugumaran, M.; Wurdack, K. J.; Endress, P. K.; Matthews, M. L.; Stevens, P. F.; Mathews, S.; Davis, C. C. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3491498">"Phylogenomics and <i>a posteriori</i> data partitioning resolve the Cretaceous angiosperm radiation Malpighiales"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i>. <b>109</b> (43): 17519–24. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012PNAS..10917519X">2012PNAS..10917519X</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.1205818109">10.1073/pnas.1205818109</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3491498">3491498</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23045684">23045684</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Phylogenomics+and+a+posteriori+data+partitioning+resolve+the+Cretaceous+angiosperm+radiation+Malpighiales&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=43&rft.pages=17519-24&rft.date=2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3491498%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23045684&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.1205818109&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2012PNAS..10917519X&rft.aulast=Xi&rft.aufirst=Z.&rft.au=Ruhfel%2C+B.+R.&rft.au=Schaefer%2C+H.&rft.au=Amorim%2C+A.+M.&rft.au=Sugumaran%2C+M.&rft.au=Wurdack%2C+K.+J.&rft.au=Endress%2C+P.+K.&rft.au=Matthews%2C+M.+L.&rft.au=Stevens%2C+P.+F.&rft.au=Mathews%2C+S.&rft.au=Davis%2C+C.+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3491498&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalpighiales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristenhuszFayChase2017" class="citation book cs1">Christenhusz, Maarten; Fay, Michael Francis; Chase, Mark Wayne (2017). <i>Plants of the World: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Vascular Plants</i>. Chicago, Illinois: Kew Publishing and The University of Chicago Press. pp. 302–341. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-52292-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-52292-0"><bdi>978-0-226-52292-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Plants+of+the+World%3A+An+Illustrated+Encyclopedia+of+Vascular+Plants&rft.place=Chicago%2C+Illinois&rft.pages=302-341&rft.pub=Kew+Publishing+and+The+University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0-226-52292-0&rft.aulast=Christenhusz&rft.aufirst=Maarten&rft.au=Fay%2C+Michael+Francis&rft.au=Chase%2C+Mark+Wayne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalpighiales" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malpighiales&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristenhusz_et_al2017" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Maarten_Christenhusz" class="mw-redirect" title="Maarten Christenhusz">Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Michael_F._Fay" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael F. Fay">Fay, Michael F.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Mark_W._Chase" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark W. Chase">Chase, Mark W.</a> (2017). "Salicaceae". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LLo7DwAAQBAJ"><i>Plants of the World: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Vascular Plants</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a>. pp. 329–330. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-52292-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-52292-0"><bdi>978-0-226-52292-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Salicaceae&rft.btitle=Plants+of+the+World%3A+An+Illustrated+Encyclopedia+of+Vascular+Plants&rft.pages=329-330&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0-226-52292-0&rft.aulast=Christenhusz&rft.aufirst=Maarten+J.+M.&rft.au=Fay%2C+Michael+F.&rft.au=Chase%2C+Mark+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLLo7DwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalpighiales" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAPG_IV2016" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Angiosperm_Phylogeny_Group" title="Angiosperm Phylogeny Group">Angiosperm Phylogeny Group IV</a> (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fboj.12385">"An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Botanical_Journal_of_the_Linnean_Society" title="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society">Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society</a></i>. <b>181</b> (1): 1–20. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fboj.12385">10.1111/boj.12385</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Botanical+Journal+of+the+Linnean+Society&rft.atitle=An+update+of+the+Angiosperm+Phylogeny+Group+classification+for+the+orders+and+families+of+flowering+plants%3A+APG+IV&rft.volume=181&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-20&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fboj.12385&rft.au=Angiosperm+Phylogeny+Group+IV&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252Fboj.12385&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalpighiales" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaiXiAmorimSugumaran2019" class="citation journal cs1">Cai, Liming; Xi, Zhenxiang; Amorim, André M.; Sugumaran, M.; Rest, Joshua S.; Liu, Liang; Davis, Charles C. (January 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6265113">"Widespread ancient whole-genome duplications in Malpighiales coincide with Eocene global climatic upheaval"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_Phytologist" title="New Phytologist">New Phytologist</a></i>. <b>221</b> (1): 565–576. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fnph.15357">10.1111/nph.15357</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6265113">6265113</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30030969">30030969</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&rft.atitle=Widespread+ancient+whole-genome+duplications+in+Malpighiales+coincide+with+Eocene+global+climatic+upheaval&rft.volume=221&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=565-576&rft.date=2019-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6265113%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F30030969&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fnph.15357&rft.aulast=Cai&rft.aufirst=Liming&rft.au=Xi%2C+Zhenxiang&rft.au=Amorim%2C+Andr%C3%A9+M.&rft.au=Sugumaran%2C+M.&rft.au=Rest%2C+Joshua+S.&rft.au=Liu%2C+Liang&rft.au=Davis%2C+Charles+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6265113&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalpighiales" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEndress_et_al2013" class="citation journal cs1">Endress, Peter K.; Davis, Charles C.; Matthews, Merran L. (May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3631340">"Advances in the floral structural characterization of the major subclades of Malpighiales, one of the largest orders of flowering plants"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Annals_of_Botany" title="Annals of Botany">Annals of Botany</a></i>. <b>111</b> (5): 969–985. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Faob%2Fmct056">10.1093/aob/mct056</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3631340">3631340</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23486341">23486341</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Botany&rft.atitle=Advances+in+the+floral+structural+characterization+of+the+major+subclades+of+Malpighiales%2C+one+of+the+largest+orders+of+flowering+plants&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=969-985&rft.date=2013-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3631340%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23486341&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Faob%2Fmct056&rft.aulast=Endress&rft.aufirst=Peter+K.&rft.au=Davis%2C+Charles+C.&rft.au=Matthews%2C+Merran+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3631340&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalpighiales" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCole2018" class="citation web cs1">Cole, Theodor C H (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323120507">"Malpighiales Phylogeny Poster"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Malpighiales+Phylogeny+Poster&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=Theodor+C+H&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F323120507&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalpighiales" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStevens2020" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_F._Stevens" title="Peter F. Stevens">Stevens, P.F.</a> (2020) [2001]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APweb/orders/malpighialesweb.htm#Malpighiales">"Malpighiales"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Angiosperm_Phylogeny_Website" title="Angiosperm Phylogeny Website">AP Web v. 14</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Missouri_Botanical_Garden" title="Missouri Botanical Garden">Missouri Botanical Garden</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160819193205/http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APWeb/orders/malpighialesweb.htm#Malpighiales">Archived</a> from the original on 19 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AP+Web+v.+14&rft.atitle=Malpighiales&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=P.F.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mobot.org%2FMOBOT%2FResearch%2FAPweb%2Forders%2Fmalpighialesweb.htm%23Malpighiales&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalpighiales" class="Z3988"></span> (<i>see also</i> <a href="/wiki/Angiosperm_Phylogeny_Website" title="Angiosperm Phylogeny Website">Angiosperm Phylogeny Website</a>)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malpighiales&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Angiosperm_orders" title="Template:Angiosperm orders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Angiosperm_orders" title="Template talk:Angiosperm orders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Angiosperm_orders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Angiosperm orders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Orders_of_flowering_plants_(APG_IV)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Orders of <a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">flowering plants</a> (<a href="/wiki/APG_IV_system" title="APG IV system">APG IV</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#C3EEC3;"><div> <ul><li>Supergroup <a href="/wiki/Template:Plant_classification" title="Template:Plant classification">Plant</a>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Bryophyta" title="Template:Bryophyta">Bryophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Marchantiophyta" title="Template:Marchantiophyta">Marchantiophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Fern_classification" title="Template:Fern classification">Polypodiophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Acrogymnospermae_classification" title="Template:Acrogymnospermae classification">Acrogymnospermae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Angiosperm_families" title="Template:Angiosperm families">Angiospermae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C3EEC3;;width:1%;background:#D4EED4;"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);;"><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amborella" title="Amborella">Amborellales</a>¹</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymphaeales" title="Nymphaeales">Nymphaeales</a>¹</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrobaileyales" title="Austrobaileyales">Austrobaileyales</a>¹</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D4EED4;"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);;"><a href="/wiki/Mesangiospermae" title="Mesangiospermae">Mesangiosperms</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chloranthaceae" title="Chloranthaceae">Chloranthales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceratophyllaceae" title="Ceratophyllaceae">Ceratophyllales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D4EED4;"><a href="/wiki/Magnoliids" title="Magnoliids">Magnoliids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canellales" title="Canellales">Canellales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piperales" title="Piperales">Piperales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurales" title="Laurales">Laurales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnoliales" title="Magnoliales">Magnoliales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D4EED4;"><a href="/wiki/Monocotyledon" title="Monocotyledon">Monocots</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acorus" title="Acorus">Acorales</a>²</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alismatales" title="Alismatales">Alismatales</a>²</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrosaviaceae" title="Petrosaviaceae">Petrosaviales</a>³</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dioscoreales" title="Dioscoreales">Dioscoreales</a>³</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandanales" title="Pandanales">Pandanales</a>³</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liliales" title="Liliales">Liliales</a>³</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asparagales" title="Asparagales">Asparagales</a>³</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D4EED4;"><a href="/wiki/Commelinids" title="Commelinids">Commelinids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arecales" title="Arecales">Arecales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poales" title="Poales">Poales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commelinales" title="Commelinales">Commelinales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zingiberales" title="Zingiberales">Zingiberales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D4EED4;"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);;"><a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">Eudicots</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranunculales" title="Ranunculales">Ranunculales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteales" title="Proteales">Proteales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trochodendraceae" title="Trochodendraceae">Trochodendrales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buxales" title="Buxales">Buxales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D4EED4;"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);;"><a href="/wiki/Core_eudicots" class="mw-redirect" title="Core eudicots">Core eudicots</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gunnerales" title="Gunnerales">Gunnerales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dilleniales" title="Dilleniales">Dilleniales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D4EED4;"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);;"><a href="/wiki/Superrosids" title="Superrosids">Superrosids</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saxifragales" title="Saxifragales">Saxifragales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D4EED4;"><a href="/wiki/Rosids" title="Rosids">Rosids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vitaceae" title="Vitaceae">Vitales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D4EED4;"><a href="/wiki/Fabids" class="mw-redirect" title="Fabids">Fabids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zygophyllales" title="Zygophyllales">Zygophyllales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celastrales" title="Celastrales">Celastrales</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Malpighiales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxalidales" title="Oxalidales">Oxalidales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabales" title="Fabales">Fabales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosales" title="Rosales">Rosales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cucurbitales" title="Cucurbitales">Cucurbitales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fagales" title="Fagales">Fagales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D4EED4;"><a href="/wiki/Malvids" class="mw-redirect" title="Malvids">Malvids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geraniales" title="Geraniales">Geraniales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrtales" title="Myrtales">Myrtales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossosomatales" title="Crossosomatales">Crossosomatales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picramniaceae" title="Picramniaceae">Picramniales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapindales" title="Sapindales">Sapindales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huerteales" title="Huerteales">Huerteales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brassicales" title="Brassicales">Brassicales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malvales" title="Malvales">Malvales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D4EED4;"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);;"><a href="/wiki/Superasterids" title="Superasterids">Superasterids</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berberidopsidales" title="Berberidopsidales">Berberidopsidales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santalales" title="Santalales">Santalales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caryophyllales" title="Caryophyllales">Caryophyllales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D4EED4;"><a href="/wiki/Asterids" title="Asterids">Asterids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cornales" title="Cornales">Cornales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ericales" title="Ericales">Ericales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D4EED4;"><a href="/wiki/Campanulids" class="mw-redirect" title="Campanulids">Campanulids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquifoliales" title="Aquifoliales">Aquifoliales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asterales" title="Asterales">Asterales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escalloniaceae" title="Escalloniaceae">Escalloniales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruniales" title="Bruniales">Bruniales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apiales" title="Apiales">Apiales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dipsacales" title="Dipsacales">Dipsacales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paracryphiaceae" title="Paracryphiaceae">Paracryphiales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D4EED4;"><a href="/wiki/Lamiids" class="mw-redirect" title="Lamiids">Lamiids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Icacinales" title="Icacinales">Icacinales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metteniusaceae" title="Metteniusaceae">Metteniusales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garryales" title="Garryales">Garryales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boraginales" title="Boraginales">Boraginales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentianales" title="Gentianales">Gentianales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamiales" title="Lamiales">Lamiales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solanales" title="Solanales">Solanales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vahlia" title="Vahlia">Vahliales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flower_poster_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flower_poster_2.jpg/140px-Flower_poster_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flower_poster_2.jpg/210px-Flower_poster_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flower_poster_2.jpg/280px-Flower_poster_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4462" data-file-height="5932" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#C3EEC3;"><div> <ul><li>¹<a href="/wiki/Basal_angiosperms" title="Basal angiosperms">Basal angiosperms</a></li> <li>²<a href="/wiki/Alismatid_monocots" title="Alismatid monocots">Alismatids</a></li> <li>³<a href="/wiki/Lilioid_monocots" title="Lilioid monocots">Lilioids</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Angiosperm_orders" title="Category:Angiosperm orders">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Malpighiales</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21887" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q21887">Q21887</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Malpighiales" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Malpighiales">Malpighiales</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Plant_Name_Index" title="Australian Plant Name Index">APNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/214989">214989</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=42562">42562</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/MLP">MLP</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/4188">4188</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1MALO">1MALO</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/1414">1414</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/51820">51820</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10112">10112</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=822428">822428</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nbn.org.uk/Taxa/NHMSYS0020824592">NHMSYS0020824592</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=3646">3646</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/36cd1709-9310-4a68-9f16-1e9b0ee2c10b">36cd1709-9310-4a68-9f16-1e9b0ee2c10b</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=429482">429482</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=183005">183005</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plazi" title="Plazi">Plazi</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D01D42C7-AADD-EF0F-7116-A8F390A164AF">D01D42C7-AADD-EF0F-7116-A8F390A164AF</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/50324542">50324542</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">VASCAN: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.canadensys.net/vascan/taxon/42">42</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Herbarium_of_Victoria" title="National Herbarium of Victoria">VicFlora</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/274101ef-7522-4464-8e90-86e9a3e9dbea">274101ef-7522-4464-8e90-86e9a3e9dbea</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-9000000311">wfo-9000000311</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=413964">413964</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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