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This study evaluated its usability in a Singapore nursing home from the perspective of the staff, focusing on learnability, efficiency, and satisfaction. A mixed-method design was employed, with nursing home residents wearing the EXO+ daily for eight weeks. Quantitative data on wear time were collected alongside qualitative insights from four repeated focus group discussions with care staff. In total, 15 residents (including 8 residents with cognitive impairments) and 9 staff participated. The analysis revealed six themes and fourteen subthemes related to EXO+&amp;rsquo;s usability. The residents wore the device for an average of 1.54 h per day, with those having cognitive impairments showing increased wear times, especially in the mornings and on weekdays. The findings indicated that the EXO+ was learnable and satisfactory for nursing home use, provided there are adequate supporting features. The efficiency of the EXO+ was not fully measured since no falls were reported during the study period. The study offers valuable insights for potential design modifications and workflow adaptations to enhance the implementation of hip protectors in healthcare settings, highlighting facilitators and barriers to support device uptake.</description> <pubDate>2024-11-17</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 359-372: The Usability of Hip Protectors: A Mixed-Method Study from the Perspectives of Singapore Nursing Home Care Staff Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/26">doi: 10.3390/jal4040026</a> Authors: Tianma Xu Yu Venedict Lim Lynn Shi Xuan Wee Yong Jean Shina Tan Agnes Lishan Xue The EXO+ hip protector was developed to minimize the risk of hip fractures in seniors following falls. This study evaluated its usability in a Singapore nursing home from the perspective of the staff, focusing on learnability, efficiency, and satisfaction. A mixed-method design was employed, with nursing home residents wearing the EXO+ daily for eight weeks. Quantitative data on wear time were collected alongside qualitative insights from four repeated focus group discussions with care staff. In total, 15 residents (including 8 residents with cognitive impairments) and 9 staff participated. The analysis revealed six themes and fourteen subthemes related to EXO+&amp;rsquo;s usability. The residents wore the device for an average of 1.54 h per day, with those having cognitive impairments showing increased wear times, especially in the mornings and on weekdays. The findings indicated that the EXO+ was learnable and satisfactory for nursing home use, provided there are adequate supporting features. The efficiency of the EXO+ was not fully measured since no falls were reported during the study period. The study offers valuable insights for potential design modifications and workflow adaptations to enhance the implementation of hip protectors in healthcare settings, highlighting facilitators and barriers to support device uptake. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>The Usability of Hip Protectors: A Mixed-Method Study from the Perspectives of Singapore Nursing Home Care Staff</dc:title> <dc:creator>Tianma Xu</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Yu Venedict Lim</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Lynn Shi Xuan Wee</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Yong Jean Shina Tan</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Agnes Lishan Xue</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4040026</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-11-17</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-11-17</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>359</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4040026</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/26</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/25"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 343-358: Factors Associated with Heart Disease in Japan: Multivariate Analysis Based on Specific Health Checkups</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/25</link> <description>The global population affected by heart failure is projected to reach 30 million. The number of deaths due to heart disease has surged, rising from 2 million in 2000 to 8.9 million in 2019. In Japan, the prevalence of heart failure is rapidly increasing, with the number expected to reach 1.3 million by 2030. Primary prevention is crucial to prevent heart disease. We explored the associations of heart disease incidence with findings from checkups performed a decade ago. A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals who reported a history of stroke, history of chronic renal failure, or weight gain &amp;ge; 10 kg since age 20 in the questionnaire-based health checkup are at high risk for developing heart disease. Additionally, those with biochemical test results from 10 years ago indicating the use of antihypertensive drugs, use of insulin injections or hypoglycemic medications, systolic hypertension, and abnormal creatinine levels also exhibited a significantly higher risk of heart disease. Conversely, individuals who identified as female, walked faster than people of the same age, drank alcohol daily, and felt refreshed upon awakening in the questionnaire-based health checkup were protected from heart disease.</description> <pubDate>2024-11-06</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 343-358: Factors Associated with Heart Disease in Japan: Multivariate Analysis Based on Specific Health Checkups Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/25">doi: 10.3390/jal4040025</a> Authors: Yoh Tamaki Yoshimune Hiratsuka Toshiro Kumakawa The global population affected by heart failure is projected to reach 30 million. The number of deaths due to heart disease has surged, rising from 2 million in 2000 to 8.9 million in 2019. In Japan, the prevalence of heart failure is rapidly increasing, with the number expected to reach 1.3 million by 2030. Primary prevention is crucial to prevent heart disease. We explored the associations of heart disease incidence with findings from checkups performed a decade ago. A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals who reported a history of stroke, history of chronic renal failure, or weight gain &amp;ge; 10 kg since age 20 in the questionnaire-based health checkup are at high risk for developing heart disease. Additionally, those with biochemical test results from 10 years ago indicating the use of antihypertensive drugs, use of insulin injections or hypoglycemic medications, systolic hypertension, and abnormal creatinine levels also exhibited a significantly higher risk of heart disease. Conversely, individuals who identified as female, walked faster than people of the same age, drank alcohol daily, and felt refreshed upon awakening in the questionnaire-based health checkup were protected from heart disease. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Factors Associated with Heart Disease in Japan: Multivariate Analysis Based on Specific Health Checkups</dc:title> <dc:creator>Yoh Tamaki</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Yoshimune Hiratsuka</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Toshiro Kumakawa</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4040025</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-11-06</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-11-06</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>343</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4040025</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/25</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/24"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 328-342: Strategies to Improve Environmental Comfort of Institutionalized Older Adults: A Scoping Review</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/24</link> <description>The demographic trends of an aging global population present significant challenges and opportunities for healthcare, particularly in providing optimal care environments for older adults living in long-term care facilities, with it being imperative to ensure these environments provide basic care and promote overall well-being through enhanced environmental comfort. This scoping review intends to show evidence-based practices enhancing the environmental comfort of institutionalized older people. Following the Joanna Briggs Institute&amp;rsquo;s methodology, this scoping review&amp;rsquo;s inclusion criteria included studies in English, Portuguese, or Spanish between 2013 and 2023, focused on institutionalized people over the age of 65 years residing in long-term care settings where nurses implemented strategies or interventions designed to enhance environmental comfort in which older residents themselves directly evaluated, indexed in Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, DART-Europe, or Reposit&amp;oacute;rio Cient&amp;iacute;fico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP). Out of 497 initially retrieved studies, none of them met the established criteria, leading this study to be an empty review. The absence of studies meeting the inclusion criteria indicates a significant gap in the existing literature, highlighting the need for specialized training programs that equip nurses with the skills and knowledge to implement effective comfort-enhancing interventions, ensuring that the unique and challenging needs of older people are covered.</description> <pubDate>2024-11-05</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 328-342: Strategies to Improve Environmental Comfort of Institutionalized Older Adults: A Scoping Review Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/24">doi: 10.3390/jal4040024</a> Authors: Catarina Lobão Adriana Coelho Rocío Gil Gutiérrez Inês Marçal Madalena Antunes Vítor Parola The demographic trends of an aging global population present significant challenges and opportunities for healthcare, particularly in providing optimal care environments for older adults living in long-term care facilities, with it being imperative to ensure these environments provide basic care and promote overall well-being through enhanced environmental comfort. This scoping review intends to show evidence-based practices enhancing the environmental comfort of institutionalized older people. Following the Joanna Briggs Institute&amp;rsquo;s methodology, this scoping review&amp;rsquo;s inclusion criteria included studies in English, Portuguese, or Spanish between 2013 and 2023, focused on institutionalized people over the age of 65 years residing in long-term care settings where nurses implemented strategies or interventions designed to enhance environmental comfort in which older residents themselves directly evaluated, indexed in Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, DART-Europe, or Reposit&amp;oacute;rio Cient&amp;iacute;fico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP). Out of 497 initially retrieved studies, none of them met the established criteria, leading this study to be an empty review. The absence of studies meeting the inclusion criteria indicates a significant gap in the existing literature, highlighting the need for specialized training programs that equip nurses with the skills and knowledge to implement effective comfort-enhancing interventions, ensuring that the unique and challenging needs of older people are covered. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Strategies to Improve Environmental Comfort of Institutionalized Older Adults: A Scoping Review</dc:title> <dc:creator>Catarina Lobão</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Adriana Coelho</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Rocío Gil Gutiérrez</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Inês Marçal</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Madalena Antunes</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Vítor Parola</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4040024</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-11-05</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-11-05</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Review</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>328</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4040024</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/24</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/23"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 316-327: Ageism Through the Informational Practices During Health Crisis: A Qualitative Study Among Older Adults in Quebec (Canada)</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/23</link> <description>This study explores the health-information-seeking practices of older adults. Conducted in Quebec, Canada, this qualitative research involved semi-structured interviews with 36 participants aged 60 and over, between 19 July and 20 August 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The interviews, carried out via online platforms and telephone, focused on information sources, the method of information retrieval, and participants&amp;rsquo; reflections on and use of pandemic-related information. Thematic content analysis was used to identify the presence of ageism. The study showed that participants favored government press conferences and traditional media, while remaining skeptical of social media. The analysis identified the concept of ageism (institutional, interpersonal, and self-directed) in about half of the interviews, with institutional ageism predominating in communications and actions of authorities and in the portrayal of older adults by media. The findings highlight the need for reliable, respectful communications reaching older adults for effective and relevant public health messages.</description> <pubDate>2024-10-17</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 316-327: Ageism Through the Informational Practices During Health Crisis: A Qualitative Study Among Older Adults in Quebec (Canada) Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/23">doi: 10.3390/jal4040023</a> Authors: Nicolai Guzun André Tourigny Eve Dubé Alexandre Coutant Maryline Vivion This study explores the health-information-seeking practices of older adults. Conducted in Quebec, Canada, this qualitative research involved semi-structured interviews with 36 participants aged 60 and over, between 19 July and 20 August 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The interviews, carried out via online platforms and telephone, focused on information sources, the method of information retrieval, and participants&amp;rsquo; reflections on and use of pandemic-related information. Thematic content analysis was used to identify the presence of ageism. The study showed that participants favored government press conferences and traditional media, while remaining skeptical of social media. The analysis identified the concept of ageism (institutional, interpersonal, and self-directed) in about half of the interviews, with institutional ageism predominating in communications and actions of authorities and in the portrayal of older adults by media. The findings highlight the need for reliable, respectful communications reaching older adults for effective and relevant public health messages. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Ageism Through the Informational Practices During Health Crisis: A Qualitative Study Among Older Adults in Quebec (Canada)</dc:title> <dc:creator>Nicolai Guzun</dc:creator> <dc:creator>André Tourigny</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Eve Dubé</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Alexandre Coutant</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Maryline Vivion</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4040023</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-10-17</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-10-17</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>316</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4040023</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/23</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/22"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 303-315: Power Distance and Indulgence Are Positively and Negatively Correlated with Ageism, Respectively: Evidence from 31 Countries</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/22</link> <description>As the aging of the world accelerates, clarifying the relationship between cultural differences and ageism is an urgent issue. Therefore, in this study, we conducted a correlation analysis between the six cultural scales of Hofstede et al. and the two ageism scales calculated from data on 35,232 people from 31 countries included in the World Values Survey Wave 6 (WVSW6) by Inglehart et al. The results of a partial correlation analysis controlling for economic and demographic factors showed that power distance (PDI) and indulgence versus restraint (IVR) are positively and negatively correlated with ageism, respectively. This is the first study to show that these two cultural scales, which previous studies have not paid much attention to, are related to ageism.</description> <pubDate>2024-09-29</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 303-315: Power Distance and Indulgence Are Positively and Negatively Correlated with Ageism, Respectively: Evidence from 31 Countries Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/22">doi: 10.3390/jal4040022</a> Authors: Keisuke Kokubun As the aging of the world accelerates, clarifying the relationship between cultural differences and ageism is an urgent issue. Therefore, in this study, we conducted a correlation analysis between the six cultural scales of Hofstede et al. and the two ageism scales calculated from data on 35,232 people from 31 countries included in the World Values Survey Wave 6 (WVSW6) by Inglehart et al. The results of a partial correlation analysis controlling for economic and demographic factors showed that power distance (PDI) and indulgence versus restraint (IVR) are positively and negatively correlated with ageism, respectively. This is the first study to show that these two cultural scales, which previous studies have not paid much attention to, are related to ageism. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Power Distance and Indulgence Are Positively and Negatively Correlated with Ageism, Respectively: Evidence from 31 Countries</dc:title> <dc:creator>Keisuke Kokubun</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4040022</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-09-29</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-09-29</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>303</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4040022</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/22</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/21"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 290-302: Momordica charantia Extract Treatment Extends the Healthy Lifespan of Aging Mice via the Bitter Taste Receptor/mTOR Pathway</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/21</link> <description>We live in a society where extending one&amp;rsquo;s healthy lifespan is becoming increasingly important. Momordica charantia (MC) extract contains many bioactive substances, such as vitamin D, phytosterols, glycosides, saponins, alkaloids, and triterpenes, and has various health-promoting effects, but its effect on extending a healthy lifespan is unknown. This study investigated the effects of MC extract on a healthy lifespan, focusing on bitter taste receptors and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Male and female mice from the Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) were divided into control and MC-extract-treated groups, with the latter receiving oral doses of MC extract three times a week for two years. In aged male mice, MC extract increased the muscle mass and grip strength and prolonged the time to exhaustion. MC extract also enhanced the signaling from taste receptor type 2 member 1 (T2R1) to mTOR in muscle in both sexes, elevating the ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 and ribosomal protein S6 levels. This T2R1/mTOR pathway works in protein synthesis and is important for increasing muscle mass. Conversely, the levels of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 decreased in both aged male and female mice after MC extract administration. These findings suggest that the administration of MC extract may extend the healthy lifespan of male mice, with bitter taste receptors and mTOR signaling playing key roles in this process.</description> <pubDate>2024-09-24</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 290-302: Momordica charantia Extract Treatment Extends the Healthy Lifespan of Aging Mice via the Bitter Taste Receptor/mTOR Pathway Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/21">doi: 10.3390/jal4040021</a> Authors: Keiichi Hiramoto Hirotaka Oikawa We live in a society where extending one&amp;rsquo;s healthy lifespan is becoming increasingly important. Momordica charantia (MC) extract contains many bioactive substances, such as vitamin D, phytosterols, glycosides, saponins, alkaloids, and triterpenes, and has various health-promoting effects, but its effect on extending a healthy lifespan is unknown. This study investigated the effects of MC extract on a healthy lifespan, focusing on bitter taste receptors and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Male and female mice from the Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) were divided into control and MC-extract-treated groups, with the latter receiving oral doses of MC extract three times a week for two years. In aged male mice, MC extract increased the muscle mass and grip strength and prolonged the time to exhaustion. MC extract also enhanced the signaling from taste receptor type 2 member 1 (T2R1) to mTOR in muscle in both sexes, elevating the ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 and ribosomal protein S6 levels. This T2R1/mTOR pathway works in protein synthesis and is important for increasing muscle mass. Conversely, the levels of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 decreased in both aged male and female mice after MC extract administration. These findings suggest that the administration of MC extract may extend the healthy lifespan of male mice, with bitter taste receptors and mTOR signaling playing key roles in this process. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Momordica charantia Extract Treatment Extends the Healthy Lifespan of Aging Mice via the Bitter Taste Receptor/mTOR Pathway</dc:title> <dc:creator>Keiichi Hiramoto</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Hirotaka Oikawa</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4040021</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-09-24</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-09-24</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Communication</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>290</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4040021</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/4/21</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/20"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 274-289: Feasibility and Usability of an Occupation-Based Immersive Virtual Reality Protocol for Older Adults</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/20</link> <description>The growing population of aging adults, coupled with the widespread adoption of technology, including within virtual environments, prompts the need to understand technology engagement preferences among older adults. This study aimed to explore the experiences and perceptions of older adults engaging with a client-centered immersive virtual reality (IVR) protocol tailored to their specific occupational interests. Employing a mixed methods approach, the research combined the quantitative System Usability Scale (SUS) assessment with qualitative interviews to examine the feasibility, usability, and learning experiences of community-dwelling older adults. Fifteen (n = 15) older adult participants trialed an IVR session tailored to match their chosen occupations of importance. Findings revealed that the usability of IVR varied significantly among participants, with an average SUS score of 55, indicating a need for further investigation into usability issues. Qualitative analysis identified three themes: IVR is usable when it is intuitive and with training, balance the apps for success, and overall lasting impressions were related to the perceived implementation for the participant. The incorporation of meaningful occupations in IVR programming is feasible and can be integrated into healthy aging-in-place programming; however, expanding available leisure-based apps and increasing the learning time before engagement should be considered.</description> <pubDate>2024-09-02</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 274-289: Feasibility and Usability of an Occupation-Based Immersive Virtual Reality Protocol for Older Adults Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/20">doi: 10.3390/jal4030020</a> Authors: Sara Benham Alexis Cruz Ashley Oliva Franz Osol Elizabeth Strona Stephanie Kolakowsky-Hayner Ann Marie Potter The growing population of aging adults, coupled with the widespread adoption of technology, including within virtual environments, prompts the need to understand technology engagement preferences among older adults. This study aimed to explore the experiences and perceptions of older adults engaging with a client-centered immersive virtual reality (IVR) protocol tailored to their specific occupational interests. Employing a mixed methods approach, the research combined the quantitative System Usability Scale (SUS) assessment with qualitative interviews to examine the feasibility, usability, and learning experiences of community-dwelling older adults. Fifteen (n = 15) older adult participants trialed an IVR session tailored to match their chosen occupations of importance. Findings revealed that the usability of IVR varied significantly among participants, with an average SUS score of 55, indicating a need for further investigation into usability issues. Qualitative analysis identified three themes: IVR is usable when it is intuitive and with training, balance the apps for success, and overall lasting impressions were related to the perceived implementation for the participant. The incorporation of meaningful occupations in IVR programming is feasible and can be integrated into healthy aging-in-place programming; however, expanding available leisure-based apps and increasing the learning time before engagement should be considered. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Feasibility and Usability of an Occupation-Based Immersive Virtual Reality Protocol for Older Adults</dc:title> <dc:creator>Sara Benham</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Alexis Cruz</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Ashley Oliva</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Franz Osol</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Elizabeth Strona</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Stephanie Kolakowsky-Hayner</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Ann Marie Potter</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4030020</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-09-02</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-09-02</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>274</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4030020</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/20</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/19"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 264-273: &ldquo;I Have Never Visited a Health Center&rdquo;: Ethiopian Centenarians&rsquo; Perceptions of Their Health Conditions</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/19</link> <description>The global centenarian population is expected to reach 4 million by 2050, yet little is known about the health status of centenarians in Sub-Saharan Africa. A case study examined the health conditions and functionality of nine Ethiopian centenarians. In-depth interviews revealed that all nine were Orthodox Christians and lived with extended family; eight were male. Aside from minor health complaints, centenarians in rural Ethiopia perceived that their sensory/cognitive functionality was normal until their late 90s. Despite a lack of medical care, the centenarians included two survivors, four delayers, and three escapers. Centenarians in rural Ethiopia were embedded in closely knit, religious, multigenerational households and communities and aspired to live resiliently. These findings call for the consideration of the unique health status of centenarians in Global South nations in their own cultural context.</description> <pubDate>2024-08-06</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 264-273: &ldquo;I Have Never Visited a Health Center&rdquo;: Ethiopian Centenarians&rsquo; Perceptions of Their Health Conditions Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/19">doi: 10.3390/jal4030019</a> Authors: Samson Chane Margaret E. Adamek The global centenarian population is expected to reach 4 million by 2050, yet little is known about the health status of centenarians in Sub-Saharan Africa. A case study examined the health conditions and functionality of nine Ethiopian centenarians. In-depth interviews revealed that all nine were Orthodox Christians and lived with extended family; eight were male. Aside from minor health complaints, centenarians in rural Ethiopia perceived that their sensory/cognitive functionality was normal until their late 90s. Despite a lack of medical care, the centenarians included two survivors, four delayers, and three escapers. Centenarians in rural Ethiopia were embedded in closely knit, religious, multigenerational households and communities and aspired to live resiliently. These findings call for the consideration of the unique health status of centenarians in Global South nations in their own cultural context. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>&amp;ldquo;I Have Never Visited a Health Center&amp;rdquo;: Ethiopian Centenarians&amp;rsquo; Perceptions of Their Health Conditions</dc:title> <dc:creator>Samson Chane</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Margaret E. Adamek</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4030019</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-08-06</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-08-06</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>264</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4030019</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/19</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/18"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 252-263: Analysis of the Relationships between Quality of Life, Resilience, and Life Satisfaction Variables in Retired Individuals</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/18</link> <description>Quality of life, resilience, and life satisfaction are influential variables during periods of change and adaptation, such as retirement. To assess the relationships between these variables and to analyze differences based on sex and length of time in retirement. This descriptive-correlational study was conducted with a sample of 63 participants, aged 50 to 84 years, who were effectively retired and residing in Spain. Participants completed a form measuring levels of resilience, quality of life, life satisfaction, and sociodemographic data. The data showed a positive and significant correlation between resilience and life satisfaction, and between quality of life and life satisfaction. Significant differences were found in quality of life based on the length of time in retirement. This study has elucidated the relationships between quality of life, resilience, and life satisfaction, as well as the influence of sociodemographic variables on these factors. These insights will aid in developing effective intervention programs for the retirement stage that promote quality of life, resilience, and life satisfaction among retired individuals.</description> <pubDate>2024-08-02</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 252-263: Analysis of the Relationships between Quality of Life, Resilience, and Life Satisfaction Variables in Retired Individuals Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/18">doi: 10.3390/jal4030018</a> Authors: Esther Brasero-Rodríguez María Rueda-Extremera María Cantero-García Quality of life, resilience, and life satisfaction are influential variables during periods of change and adaptation, such as retirement. To assess the relationships between these variables and to analyze differences based on sex and length of time in retirement. This descriptive-correlational study was conducted with a sample of 63 participants, aged 50 to 84 years, who were effectively retired and residing in Spain. Participants completed a form measuring levels of resilience, quality of life, life satisfaction, and sociodemographic data. The data showed a positive and significant correlation between resilience and life satisfaction, and between quality of life and life satisfaction. Significant differences were found in quality of life based on the length of time in retirement. This study has elucidated the relationships between quality of life, resilience, and life satisfaction, as well as the influence of sociodemographic variables on these factors. These insights will aid in developing effective intervention programs for the retirement stage that promote quality of life, resilience, and life satisfaction among retired individuals. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Analysis of the Relationships between Quality of Life, Resilience, and Life Satisfaction Variables in Retired Individuals</dc:title> <dc:creator>Esther Brasero-Rodríguez</dc:creator> <dc:creator>María Rueda-Extremera</dc:creator> <dc:creator>María Cantero-García</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4030018</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-08-02</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-08-02</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>252</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4030018</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/18</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/17"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 234-251: Health Service Improvement for People with Parkinson&rsquo;s Disease: A Scoping Review</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/17</link> <description>Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s disease is a progressive neurological disorder typically beginning in middle or late life, with risk increasing with age. Accessing health services for people living with Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s disease can be challenging and stressful, often resulting in the worsening of current symptoms, the development of new symptoms, including infection, fatigue, and confusion, or medication changes. This can lead to an increased length of stay in hospital and/or readmission, further worsening symptoms. The aim of this scoping review is to explore how quality improvement and healthcare redesign initiatives have contributed to understanding issues around length of stay and readmission to hospital for people living with Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s disease. The review was guided by Arksey and O&amp;rsquo;Malley&amp;rsquo;s framework and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews Checklist. The Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE), Medline, and Cumulated Index in Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases were searched for relevant articles published between 2019 and 2023. The included articles were categorised using thematic analysis. Ten articles were included in this review, resulting in the following three major categories: issues contributing to length of stay and readmission, interventions, and recommendations. Quality improvement and healthcare redesign can improve the length of stay and readmission rates for people living with Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s disease through robust design, delivery, and evaluation.</description> <pubDate>2024-08-01</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 234-251: Health Service Improvement for People with Parkinson&rsquo;s Disease: A Scoping Review Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/17">doi: 10.3390/jal4030017</a> Authors: Susan Williams Sarah Jane Prior Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s disease is a progressive neurological disorder typically beginning in middle or late life, with risk increasing with age. Accessing health services for people living with Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s disease can be challenging and stressful, often resulting in the worsening of current symptoms, the development of new symptoms, including infection, fatigue, and confusion, or medication changes. This can lead to an increased length of stay in hospital and/or readmission, further worsening symptoms. The aim of this scoping review is to explore how quality improvement and healthcare redesign initiatives have contributed to understanding issues around length of stay and readmission to hospital for people living with Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s disease. The review was guided by Arksey and O&amp;rsquo;Malley&amp;rsquo;s framework and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews Checklist. The Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE), Medline, and Cumulated Index in Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases were searched for relevant articles published between 2019 and 2023. The included articles were categorised using thematic analysis. Ten articles were included in this review, resulting in the following three major categories: issues contributing to length of stay and readmission, interventions, and recommendations. Quality improvement and healthcare redesign can improve the length of stay and readmission rates for people living with Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s disease through robust design, delivery, and evaluation. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Health Service Improvement for People with Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s Disease: A Scoping Review</dc:title> <dc:creator>Susan Williams</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Sarah Jane Prior</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4030017</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-08-01</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-08-01</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Review</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>234</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4030017</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/17</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/16"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 225-233: Social Frailty Prevalence among Older People in Hong Kong</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/16</link> <description>Background: The global increase in the ageing population underscores the importance of a holistic approach to gerontological research. Social frailty, a state of vulnerability, is a growing concern that significantly affects the well-being and health outcomes of older people. With Hong Kong projected to have the world&amp;rsquo;s largest ageing population by 2050, research on social frailty within this demographic is crucial. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of social frailty among older adults in Hong Kong and examine its association with demographic characteristics. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using data from an online survey on older adults in Hong Kong, yielding 200 respondents. The survey encompassed demographic details, the Social Frailty Scale (SFS-8), and health-related factors. Results: Participants were categorized into three groups: social non-frailty (SNF, 41.5%), social pre-frailty (SPF, 34.5%), and social frailty (SF, 24%). Spearman&amp;rsquo;s rank correlation analysis revealed that self-rated health status negatively correlates with social frailty (SF) (r = &amp;minus;0.19, p &amp;lt; 0.001) and the number of diagnosed health conditions (r = &amp;minus;0.29, p &amp;lt; 0.001) but positively correlates with education level (r = 0.14, p &amp;lt; 0.05). Notably, the SPF group exhibited the highest prevalence of high cholesterol, hypertension, visual impairments, and diabetes, followed by the SF and SNF groups. No significant relationship was found between gender and SF, the total number of diagnosed health conditions and SF, or individual chronic diseases and SF. Conclusion: This survey on social frailty among older people in Hong Kong found a higher prevalence of pre-frail and socially frail individuals compared to other regions. While many benefit from strong social support, socially pre-frail and socially frail individuals have reduced interactions, highlighting the importance of social connectedness. The higher incidence of social frailty, especially among the pre-frail, underscores the need to consider Hong Kong&amp;rsquo;s unique socio-cultural and economic contexts. As the first of its kind in the region, this study paves the way for further research and emphasizes the need for culturally appropriate assessment tools to better understand and address social frailty.</description> <pubDate>2024-07-22</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 225-233: Social Frailty Prevalence among Older People in Hong Kong Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/16">doi: 10.3390/jal4030016</a> Authors: Jed Montayre Kay Kuo Ka Man Carman Leung Background: The global increase in the ageing population underscores the importance of a holistic approach to gerontological research. Social frailty, a state of vulnerability, is a growing concern that significantly affects the well-being and health outcomes of older people. With Hong Kong projected to have the world&amp;rsquo;s largest ageing population by 2050, research on social frailty within this demographic is crucial. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of social frailty among older adults in Hong Kong and examine its association with demographic characteristics. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using data from an online survey on older adults in Hong Kong, yielding 200 respondents. The survey encompassed demographic details, the Social Frailty Scale (SFS-8), and health-related factors. Results: Participants were categorized into three groups: social non-frailty (SNF, 41.5%), social pre-frailty (SPF, 34.5%), and social frailty (SF, 24%). Spearman&amp;rsquo;s rank correlation analysis revealed that self-rated health status negatively correlates with social frailty (SF) (r = &amp;minus;0.19, p &amp;lt; 0.001) and the number of diagnosed health conditions (r = &amp;minus;0.29, p &amp;lt; 0.001) but positively correlates with education level (r = 0.14, p &amp;lt; 0.05). Notably, the SPF group exhibited the highest prevalence of high cholesterol, hypertension, visual impairments, and diabetes, followed by the SF and SNF groups. No significant relationship was found between gender and SF, the total number of diagnosed health conditions and SF, or individual chronic diseases and SF. Conclusion: This survey on social frailty among older people in Hong Kong found a higher prevalence of pre-frail and socially frail individuals compared to other regions. While many benefit from strong social support, socially pre-frail and socially frail individuals have reduced interactions, highlighting the importance of social connectedness. The higher incidence of social frailty, especially among the pre-frail, underscores the need to consider Hong Kong&amp;rsquo;s unique socio-cultural and economic contexts. As the first of its kind in the region, this study paves the way for further research and emphasizes the need for culturally appropriate assessment tools to better understand and address social frailty. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Social Frailty Prevalence among Older People in Hong Kong</dc:title> <dc:creator>Jed Montayre</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Kay Kuo</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Ka Man Carman Leung</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4030016</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-07-22</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-07-22</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>225</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4030016</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/16</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/15"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 209-224: Music Therapy as Non-Pharmacological Treatment in Alzheimer&rsquo;s Disease&mdash;Effects on Memory&mdash;Systematic Review</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/15</link> <description>Alzheimer&amp;rsquo;s disease (AD) is a neurocognitive disorder characterized by gradual onset and gradual progression, presenting a wide range of symptoms, with one of its main features being episodic memory impairment, present from the early stages of the disease. Currently, there is no cure for AD, so a multidimensional approach combining pharmacology with other non-pharmacological treatments is recommended to halt or delay cognitive and functional decline in patients. In this regard, music therapy emerges as a promising non-pharmacological treatment for memory in patients with AD, as musical memory appears to be preserved, retaining the ability to recall familiar songs and the memories associated with them. Therefore, the aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the current state of scientific research on the effects of music therapy on the memory of patients with AD in mild and moderate stages. A search was conducted in the Google Scholar, ProQuest, Summon, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, finding 15 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results seem to support the use of music-based interventions for memory in patients with AD, especially regarding autobiographical memory. However, given the limitations encountered, we consider that the results pave the way for future research rather than providing solid conclusions about their effectiveness.</description> <pubDate>2024-07-17</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 209-224: Music Therapy as Non-Pharmacological Treatment in Alzheimer&rsquo;s Disease&mdash;Effects on Memory&mdash;Systematic Review Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/15">doi: 10.3390/jal4030015</a> Authors: Tania Madera-Cimadevilla María Cantero-García María Rueda-Extremera Alzheimer&amp;rsquo;s disease (AD) is a neurocognitive disorder characterized by gradual onset and gradual progression, presenting a wide range of symptoms, with one of its main features being episodic memory impairment, present from the early stages of the disease. Currently, there is no cure for AD, so a multidimensional approach combining pharmacology with other non-pharmacological treatments is recommended to halt or delay cognitive and functional decline in patients. In this regard, music therapy emerges as a promising non-pharmacological treatment for memory in patients with AD, as musical memory appears to be preserved, retaining the ability to recall familiar songs and the memories associated with them. Therefore, the aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the current state of scientific research on the effects of music therapy on the memory of patients with AD in mild and moderate stages. A search was conducted in the Google Scholar, ProQuest, Summon, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, finding 15 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results seem to support the use of music-based interventions for memory in patients with AD, especially regarding autobiographical memory. However, given the limitations encountered, we consider that the results pave the way for future research rather than providing solid conclusions about their effectiveness. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Music Therapy as Non-Pharmacological Treatment in Alzheimer&amp;rsquo;s Disease&amp;mdash;Effects on Memory&amp;mdash;Systematic Review</dc:title> <dc:creator>Tania Madera-Cimadevilla</dc:creator> <dc:creator>María Cantero-García</dc:creator> <dc:creator>María Rueda-Extremera</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4030015</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-07-17</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-07-17</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Review</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>209</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4030015</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/15</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/14"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 200-208: Development of a Japanese Version of the Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire and Its Validity and Reliability</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/14</link> <description>Background: Self-perceptions of aging are important predictors of physical and mental health, longevity, and quality of life. The Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire (B-APQ) is the most promising scale of self-perceptions about aging and has been translated into many languages. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the B-APQ and examine its validity and reliability. Methods: A web-based survey of 1500 people aged 65 and older was conducted in Japan. Of the participants, 651 were men and 849 were women. The average age was 72.97 years. Results: No significant distributional biases were found for any items of the Japanese version of the B-APQ. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted using the same model as the previous studies. The results of CFA showed that the goodness of fit indices met the acceptability criteria. Two-tailed Pearson correlations showed significant relationships between each factor of the Japanese version of the B-APQ as well as the cognitive and physical functioning, depression, and well-being of older adults. Conclusions: The Japanese version of the B-APQ has high internal consistency and significant factorial and construct-related validity. The Japanese version of the B-APQ is expected to be used to measure the self-perceptions of aging for further study in Japan.</description> <pubDate>2024-07-16</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 200-208: Development of a Japanese Version of the Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire and Its Validity and Reliability Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/14">doi: 10.3390/jal4030014</a> Authors: Koji Abe Kana Tomiyama Background: Self-perceptions of aging are important predictors of physical and mental health, longevity, and quality of life. The Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire (B-APQ) is the most promising scale of self-perceptions about aging and has been translated into many languages. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the B-APQ and examine its validity and reliability. Methods: A web-based survey of 1500 people aged 65 and older was conducted in Japan. Of the participants, 651 were men and 849 were women. The average age was 72.97 years. Results: No significant distributional biases were found for any items of the Japanese version of the B-APQ. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted using the same model as the previous studies. The results of CFA showed that the goodness of fit indices met the acceptability criteria. Two-tailed Pearson correlations showed significant relationships between each factor of the Japanese version of the B-APQ as well as the cognitive and physical functioning, depression, and well-being of older adults. Conclusions: The Japanese version of the B-APQ has high internal consistency and significant factorial and construct-related validity. The Japanese version of the B-APQ is expected to be used to measure the self-perceptions of aging for further study in Japan. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Development of a Japanese Version of the Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire and Its Validity and Reliability</dc:title> <dc:creator>Koji Abe</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Kana Tomiyama</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4030014</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-07-16</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-07-16</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>200</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4030014</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/14</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/13"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 188-199: Technology-Driven Intergenerational Physical Activity Intervention: An Instrumental Case Study</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/13</link> <description>Intergenerational contact offers an under-explored strategic approach to challenging age stereotypes and positively influencing health behaviors in older adults and children. It is postulated that through the application of the constructs of Contact Theory, an effective platform for change could be established. Using an instrumental case study, the experiential effects of the intergenerational contact phenomenon were pragmatically explored from the perspective of a single familial dyad (61-year-old woman; 9-year-old boy). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with each participant, both during and following engagement with a remote, 12-week, technology-driven physical activity intervention focused on using daily step counts (acquired via any activity of their choice, using physical activity trackers) to collaboratively complete virtual walk routes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through reflexive thematic analysis and interpretation of the data in line with the study&amp;rsquo;s aim and propositions, four core themes were identified: Reciprocal Encounter; Opportunity for Reflection and Re-evaluation; Platform for Change; and COVID-19. In addition to the perceived positive effects on targeted health outcomes (physical activity, sedentary behavior, health-related quality of life), facilitating intergenerational contact through virtual methods could also, through opportunities to nurture and build relationships, challenge age stereotypes.</description> <pubDate>2024-07-04</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 188-199: Technology-Driven Intergenerational Physical Activity Intervention: An Instrumental Case Study Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/13">doi: 10.3390/jal4030013</a> Authors: Rachel L. Knight Aïna Chalabaev Kelly A. Mackintosh Melitta A. McNarry Joanne Hudson Intergenerational contact offers an under-explored strategic approach to challenging age stereotypes and positively influencing health behaviors in older adults and children. It is postulated that through the application of the constructs of Contact Theory, an effective platform for change could be established. Using an instrumental case study, the experiential effects of the intergenerational contact phenomenon were pragmatically explored from the perspective of a single familial dyad (61-year-old woman; 9-year-old boy). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with each participant, both during and following engagement with a remote, 12-week, technology-driven physical activity intervention focused on using daily step counts (acquired via any activity of their choice, using physical activity trackers) to collaboratively complete virtual walk routes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through reflexive thematic analysis and interpretation of the data in line with the study&amp;rsquo;s aim and propositions, four core themes were identified: Reciprocal Encounter; Opportunity for Reflection and Re-evaluation; Platform for Change; and COVID-19. In addition to the perceived positive effects on targeted health outcomes (physical activity, sedentary behavior, health-related quality of life), facilitating intergenerational contact through virtual methods could also, through opportunities to nurture and build relationships, challenge age stereotypes. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Technology-Driven Intergenerational Physical Activity Intervention: An Instrumental Case Study</dc:title> <dc:creator>Rachel L. Knight</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Aïna Chalabaev</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Kelly A. Mackintosh</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Melitta A. McNarry</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Joanne Hudson</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4030013</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-07-04</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-07-04</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>188</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4030013</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/13</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/12"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 177-187: Understanding Travel Behaviors and Mobility Challenges Faced by Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/12</link> <description>Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, older adults were considered one of the most vulnerable groups as they faced obstacles when traveling for daily activities. This study examined the impact of the pandemic on travel behaviors among older adults, aiming to shed light on the challenges they faced and potential strategies for support. Methods: We conducted semi-structured, individual interviews with older adults. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. In addition, their trip frequencies and usage of different transportation modes were descriptively analyzed. Results: While the participants reduced overall trip frequency during the pandemic, they were more observant when discussing essential needs. Study participants emphasized their reliance on family members for rides to essential destinations. Non-drivers faced added stressors and fears, particularly regarding safety measures and hygiene protocols on public transportation. Several individuals embraced ride-hailing services as a viable transportation solution, indicating benefits such as reduced exposure to crowded public transit and increased convenience. Conclusions: Macro-level efforts should include supplementary technological and transportation assistance services, along with increased awareness of safety protocols within public transit. These initiatives are expected to enhance the accessibility of existing mobility systems for older adults.</description> <pubDate>2024-06-29</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 177-187: Understanding Travel Behaviors and Mobility Challenges Faced by Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/12">doi: 10.3390/jal4030012</a> Authors: Troyee Saha Kathy Lee Kate Kyung Hyun Jessica Cassidy Soeun Jang Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, older adults were considered one of the most vulnerable groups as they faced obstacles when traveling for daily activities. This study examined the impact of the pandemic on travel behaviors among older adults, aiming to shed light on the challenges they faced and potential strategies for support. Methods: We conducted semi-structured, individual interviews with older adults. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. In addition, their trip frequencies and usage of different transportation modes were descriptively analyzed. Results: While the participants reduced overall trip frequency during the pandemic, they were more observant when discussing essential needs. Study participants emphasized their reliance on family members for rides to essential destinations. Non-drivers faced added stressors and fears, particularly regarding safety measures and hygiene protocols on public transportation. Several individuals embraced ride-hailing services as a viable transportation solution, indicating benefits such as reduced exposure to crowded public transit and increased convenience. Conclusions: Macro-level efforts should include supplementary technological and transportation assistance services, along with increased awareness of safety protocols within public transit. These initiatives are expected to enhance the accessibility of existing mobility systems for older adults. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Understanding Travel Behaviors and Mobility Challenges Faced by Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic</dc:title> <dc:creator>Troyee Saha</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Kathy Lee</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Kate Kyung Hyun</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Jessica Cassidy</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Soeun Jang</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4030012</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-06-29</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-06-29</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>177</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4030012</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/3/12</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/11"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 156-176: Engaging in and Sustaining Physical Activity and Exercise: A Descriptive Qualitative Study of Adults 65 Years and Older Using the Self-Determination Theory</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/11</link> <description>Introduction: Physical activity (PA) and exercise (EX) participation rates have not been increasing among older adults, with many not meeting recommended guidelines. This qualitative descriptive study examined factors influencing engagement in PA within and outside an older adult fitness club context, using self-determination theory (SDT). Methods: Thirty-seven community-dwelling adults 65 years and older participated in focus groups or telephone interviews. Two researchers independently coded and analyzed transcript data inductively and deductively using SDT. Results: Two broad themes, The Spectrum of Motivating Factors and Facilitators and Barriers, and nine sub-themes, Physical Activity and Exercise Brings Me Joy; Meaningful Personal Impetuses; I Get Active with a Little Help from my Spouse and Others; I See Changes and Improvements (Theme 1); I Can Do This; Connections and Sense of Belonging; I Cannot Do This; Setting, Environment, and People Supports; and Pragmatics (Theme 2), emerged from the data. All participants discussed several motivating factors: enjoyment, managing health conditions, being held &amp;lsquo;to account&amp;rsquo; by others, opportunities for socialization, and seeing improvements in health and well-being. A lack of supportive environments, knowledgeable staff and suitable settings and programs were cited as barriers by participants who were not older adult fitness club members. Discussion: Factors along the extrinsic to intrinsic regulation continuum facilitated or hindered community-dwelling older adults to engage in and sustain PA within and outside an older adult fitness club context. The findings underscore the need for programs, settings, environments, and related components to be expressly older-adult-tailored to enhance motivation through competence, autonomy, and relatedness support for maximal engagement and participation in PA or EX.</description> <pubDate>2024-06-07</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 156-176: Engaging in and Sustaining Physical Activity and Exercise: A Descriptive Qualitative Study of Adults 65 Years and Older Using the Self-Determination Theory Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/11">doi: 10.3390/jal4020011</a> Authors: Anittha Mappanasingam Katelyn Madigan Michael E. Kalu Melody Maximos Vanina Dal Bello-Haas Introduction: Physical activity (PA) and exercise (EX) participation rates have not been increasing among older adults, with many not meeting recommended guidelines. This qualitative descriptive study examined factors influencing engagement in PA within and outside an older adult fitness club context, using self-determination theory (SDT). Methods: Thirty-seven community-dwelling adults 65 years and older participated in focus groups or telephone interviews. Two researchers independently coded and analyzed transcript data inductively and deductively using SDT. Results: Two broad themes, The Spectrum of Motivating Factors and Facilitators and Barriers, and nine sub-themes, Physical Activity and Exercise Brings Me Joy; Meaningful Personal Impetuses; I Get Active with a Little Help from my Spouse and Others; I See Changes and Improvements (Theme 1); I Can Do This; Connections and Sense of Belonging; I Cannot Do This; Setting, Environment, and People Supports; and Pragmatics (Theme 2), emerged from the data. All participants discussed several motivating factors: enjoyment, managing health conditions, being held &amp;lsquo;to account&amp;rsquo; by others, opportunities for socialization, and seeing improvements in health and well-being. A lack of supportive environments, knowledgeable staff and suitable settings and programs were cited as barriers by participants who were not older adult fitness club members. Discussion: Factors along the extrinsic to intrinsic regulation continuum facilitated or hindered community-dwelling older adults to engage in and sustain PA within and outside an older adult fitness club context. The findings underscore the need for programs, settings, environments, and related components to be expressly older-adult-tailored to enhance motivation through competence, autonomy, and relatedness support for maximal engagement and participation in PA or EX. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Engaging in and Sustaining Physical Activity and Exercise: A Descriptive Qualitative Study of Adults 65 Years and Older Using the Self-Determination Theory</dc:title> <dc:creator>Anittha Mappanasingam</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Katelyn Madigan</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Michael E. Kalu</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Melody Maximos</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Vanina Dal Bello-Haas</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4020011</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-06-07</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-06-07</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>156</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4020011</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/11</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/10"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 140-155: Motivation and Age Revisited: The Impact of Outcome and Process Orientations on Temporal Focus in Older and Younger Adults</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/10</link> <description>When engaging in a task, individuals may prioritize the task&amp;rsquo;s results (i.e., the outcome), or they may focus on the task in and of itself (i.e., the process). Previous conceptualizations of outcome and process orientations have focused on population- and context-specific motives rather than people&amp;rsquo;s general proclivity toward these orientations across diverse tasks. Using a context-generalized outcome and process measure, we examined whether older adults (Mage = 72.8) and younger adults (Mage = 18.0) varied in their outcome and process orientations, and explored how these differences were related to temporal focus. The results indicated that, compared to their younger counterparts, older adults were more process oriented, and focused more on the present. Meanwhile, younger adults were more outcome oriented and focused more on the past and the future compared to older adults. Mediation analyses further revealed that older adults were more present focused due to their heightened process orientation, while younger adults were more past and future focused due to their outcome orientation. The implications of these findings in applied settings such as the workplace, health promotion, and business are discussed.</description> <pubDate>2024-06-07</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 140-155: Motivation and Age Revisited: The Impact of Outcome and Process Orientations on Temporal Focus in Older and Younger Adults Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/10">doi: 10.3390/jal4020010</a> Authors: Faizan Imtiaz Thomas Vaughan-Johnston Li-Jun Ji When engaging in a task, individuals may prioritize the task&amp;rsquo;s results (i.e., the outcome), or they may focus on the task in and of itself (i.e., the process). Previous conceptualizations of outcome and process orientations have focused on population- and context-specific motives rather than people&amp;rsquo;s general proclivity toward these orientations across diverse tasks. Using a context-generalized outcome and process measure, we examined whether older adults (Mage = 72.8) and younger adults (Mage = 18.0) varied in their outcome and process orientations, and explored how these differences were related to temporal focus. The results indicated that, compared to their younger counterparts, older adults were more process oriented, and focused more on the present. Meanwhile, younger adults were more outcome oriented and focused more on the past and the future compared to older adults. Mediation analyses further revealed that older adults were more present focused due to their heightened process orientation, while younger adults were more past and future focused due to their outcome orientation. The implications of these findings in applied settings such as the workplace, health promotion, and business are discussed. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Motivation and Age Revisited: The Impact of Outcome and Process Orientations on Temporal Focus in Older and Younger Adults</dc:title> <dc:creator>Faizan Imtiaz</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Thomas Vaughan-Johnston</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Li-Jun Ji</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4020010</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-06-07</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-06-07</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>140</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4020010</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/10</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/9"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 128-139: Cognitive Impairments in Parkinson&rsquo;s Disease: Professional Support and Unmet Rehabilitation Needs in Patients with and without Self-Reported Cognitive Impairments&mdash;A Secondary Analysis</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/9</link> <description>Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s disease (PD) is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer&amp;rsquo;s disease. Cognitive impairments are frequent non-motor symptoms in PD and have a significant impact on everyday life and well-being. Still, rehabilitation services for people with PD predominantly target motor symptoms. Drawing on data from a national Danish survey, this study aimed to determine significant differences among people living with PD with or without perceived cognitive impairments regarding (1) contact with different healthcare professionals, and (2) unmet needs for rehabilitation services. Data were analyzed based on whether the person with PD perceived cognitive impairments or not. Statistically significant differences between results for PD patients with and without cognitive impairments were calculated. Data on 6711 individuals with PD were included in the study. Respondents&amp;rsquo; mean age was 73.5 years, and 31% of them were experiencing cognitive impairments. Significantly more people with PD and cognitive impairments were in contact with almost all professionals compared to those without cognitive impairments. However, individuals experiencing cognitive impairments were less often in contact with the professions most experienced in cognitive rehabilitation.</description> <pubDate>2024-05-31</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 128-139: Cognitive Impairments in Parkinson&rsquo;s Disease: Professional Support and Unmet Rehabilitation Needs in Patients with and without Self-Reported Cognitive Impairments&mdash;A Secondary Analysis Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/9">doi: 10.3390/jal4020009</a> Authors: Jette Thuesen Tina Broby Mikkelsen Knud Juel Tina Backmann Kristian Winge Eva Ejlersen Wæhrens Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s disease (PD) is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer&amp;rsquo;s disease. Cognitive impairments are frequent non-motor symptoms in PD and have a significant impact on everyday life and well-being. Still, rehabilitation services for people with PD predominantly target motor symptoms. Drawing on data from a national Danish survey, this study aimed to determine significant differences among people living with PD with or without perceived cognitive impairments regarding (1) contact with different healthcare professionals, and (2) unmet needs for rehabilitation services. Data were analyzed based on whether the person with PD perceived cognitive impairments or not. Statistically significant differences between results for PD patients with and without cognitive impairments were calculated. Data on 6711 individuals with PD were included in the study. Respondents&amp;rsquo; mean age was 73.5 years, and 31% of them were experiencing cognitive impairments. Significantly more people with PD and cognitive impairments were in contact with almost all professionals compared to those without cognitive impairments. However, individuals experiencing cognitive impairments were less often in contact with the professions most experienced in cognitive rehabilitation. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Cognitive Impairments in Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s Disease: Professional Support and Unmet Rehabilitation Needs in Patients with and without Self-Reported Cognitive Impairments&amp;mdash;A Secondary Analysis</dc:title> <dc:creator>Jette Thuesen</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Tina Broby Mikkelsen</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Knud Juel</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Tina Backmann</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Kristian Winge</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Eva Ejlersen Wæhrens</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4020009</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-05-31</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-05-31</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>128</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4020009</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/9</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/8"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 119-127: Meleis&rsquo;s Transition Theory in Gerontogeriatric Nursing and the Future Need for Specialized Care</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/8</link> <description>With an ageing global population, healthcare systems confront challenges unique to the elderly. Current care models primarily manage health&amp;ndash;illness shifts but frequently miss developmental transitions, particularly for older adults. Meleis&amp;rsquo;s transition theory offers an underutilized framework to rejuvenate our gerontogeriatric nursing approach. This article aims to articulate and advocate the value of Meleis&amp;rsquo;s transition theory as a framework for gerontogeriatric nursing, focusing on developmental transitions, thereby seeking a transformative change in the quality of elderly care. The article delves into Meleis&amp;rsquo;s transition theory&amp;rsquo;s vital components&amp;mdash;transition types, conditions, and nursing therapeutics. It explores how these can be a multifaceted guide for gauging and overseeing ageing&amp;rsquo;s developmental shifts; adopting this theoretical perspective deepens our comprehension and bears tangible implications. Nurses versed in this theory could appreciate the benefits of a nuanced approach to the elderly, distinguishing it from the conventional biomedical stance. As the demands of an ageing populace grow, the integration of Meleis&amp;rsquo;s transition theory into nursing practices is not merely beneficial but imperative, setting a new standard for comprehensive and specialized elderly care.</description> <pubDate>2024-05-28</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 119-127: Meleis&rsquo;s Transition Theory in Gerontogeriatric Nursing and the Future Need for Specialized Care Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/8">doi: 10.3390/jal4020008</a> Authors: Adriana Coelho Catarina Lobão Vítor Parola Maria de Lurdes Almeida Paulo Queirós Rui Gonçalves Joana Pereira Sousa Hugo Neves With an ageing global population, healthcare systems confront challenges unique to the elderly. Current care models primarily manage health&amp;ndash;illness shifts but frequently miss developmental transitions, particularly for older adults. Meleis&amp;rsquo;s transition theory offers an underutilized framework to rejuvenate our gerontogeriatric nursing approach. This article aims to articulate and advocate the value of Meleis&amp;rsquo;s transition theory as a framework for gerontogeriatric nursing, focusing on developmental transitions, thereby seeking a transformative change in the quality of elderly care. The article delves into Meleis&amp;rsquo;s transition theory&amp;rsquo;s vital components&amp;mdash;transition types, conditions, and nursing therapeutics. It explores how these can be a multifaceted guide for gauging and overseeing ageing&amp;rsquo;s developmental shifts; adopting this theoretical perspective deepens our comprehension and bears tangible implications. Nurses versed in this theory could appreciate the benefits of a nuanced approach to the elderly, distinguishing it from the conventional biomedical stance. As the demands of an ageing populace grow, the integration of Meleis&amp;rsquo;s transition theory into nursing practices is not merely beneficial but imperative, setting a new standard for comprehensive and specialized elderly care. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Meleis&amp;rsquo;s Transition Theory in Gerontogeriatric Nursing and the Future Need for Specialized Care</dc:title> <dc:creator>Adriana Coelho</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Catarina Lobão</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Vítor Parola</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Maria de Lurdes Almeida</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Paulo Queirós</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Rui Gonçalves</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Joana Pereira Sousa</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Hugo Neves</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4020008</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-05-28</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-05-28</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Perspective</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>119</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4020008</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/8</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/7"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 83-118: Outcomes and Characteristics of Interdisciplinary Self-Management Interventions for Older Adults Living with Chronic Pain: Insights from a Scoping Review</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/7</link> <description>Introduction: Up to 50% of community-dwelling older adults report living with some chronic pain that interferes with their daily functioning and leads to disabilities. Hence, it is crucial to provide these individuals with strategies to effectively manage pain. An interdisciplinary approach is warranted considering the numerous factors contributing to pain among older adults. Although several studies have been conducted on various interdisciplinary pain self-management programs, little effort has been made to synthesize knowledge about such programs for older adults. Objective: The objective of this review was to synthesize the characteristics and effects of interdisciplinary chronic pain self-management interventions targeting community-dwelling older adults. Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the steps recommended by Arksey and O&amp;rsquo;Malley (2005) and Levac et al. (2010). Keyword searches were performed in MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Results: Sixty-six articles were included. Most interventions were based on a cognitive-behavioral group approach and used a combination of modalities, including education and training on the use of self-management strategies. The professionals most frequently involved in group interventions were psychologists, physiotherapists, and occupational therapists. Several benefits of these programs have been reported concerning pain intensity, independence in daily functioning, mental health, and quality of life. Conclusions: Interdisciplinary chronic pain self-management programs appear promising in guiding clinical and rehabilitation interventions for older adults living with chronic pain.</description> <pubDate>2024-05-03</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 83-118: Outcomes and Characteristics of Interdisciplinary Self-Management Interventions for Older Adults Living with Chronic Pain: Insights from a Scoping Review Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/7">doi: 10.3390/jal4020007</a> Authors: Samuel Turcotte Marie-Ève Lapointe Carolann Shea Jacqueline Rousseau Julie Masse Johanne Higgins Pierre Rainville David Lussier François Dubé Catherine Genest Kami Sarimanukoglu Lucile Agarrat Maria Varganici Johanne Filiatrault Introduction: Up to 50% of community-dwelling older adults report living with some chronic pain that interferes with their daily functioning and leads to disabilities. Hence, it is crucial to provide these individuals with strategies to effectively manage pain. An interdisciplinary approach is warranted considering the numerous factors contributing to pain among older adults. Although several studies have been conducted on various interdisciplinary pain self-management programs, little effort has been made to synthesize knowledge about such programs for older adults. Objective: The objective of this review was to synthesize the characteristics and effects of interdisciplinary chronic pain self-management interventions targeting community-dwelling older adults. Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the steps recommended by Arksey and O&amp;rsquo;Malley (2005) and Levac et al. (2010). Keyword searches were performed in MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Results: Sixty-six articles were included. Most interventions were based on a cognitive-behavioral group approach and used a combination of modalities, including education and training on the use of self-management strategies. The professionals most frequently involved in group interventions were psychologists, physiotherapists, and occupational therapists. Several benefits of these programs have been reported concerning pain intensity, independence in daily functioning, mental health, and quality of life. Conclusions: Interdisciplinary chronic pain self-management programs appear promising in guiding clinical and rehabilitation interventions for older adults living with chronic pain. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Outcomes and Characteristics of Interdisciplinary Self-Management Interventions for Older Adults Living with Chronic Pain: Insights from a Scoping Review</dc:title> <dc:creator>Samuel Turcotte</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Marie-Ève Lapointe</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Carolann Shea</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Jacqueline Rousseau</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Julie Masse</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Johanne Higgins</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Pierre Rainville</dc:creator> <dc:creator>David Lussier</dc:creator> <dc:creator>François Dubé</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Catherine Genest</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Kami Sarimanukoglu</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Lucile Agarrat</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Maria Varganici</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Johanne Filiatrault</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4020007</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-05-03</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-05-03</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Review</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>83</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4020007</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/7</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/6"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 72-82: &lsquo;Successful Ageing&rsquo; Needs a Future: Older Incarcerated Adults&rsquo; Views on Ageing in Prison</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/6</link> <description>Demographic changes have led to an increase in older people in prisons. Whereas the rehabilitative process of younger offenders is geared towards their reintegration into the labour market, successful ageing should be a policy aim for older prisoners. This study explores how older incarcerated persons view their ageing. A qualitative study using a written survey with only the single question What does ageing in prison mean to you? was conducted in Bavaria, Germany. A total of 64 prisoners (61 male, 3 female) supplied answers varying in length from a few words to several pages. The thematic analysis revealed that together with health concerns, social relations and everyday activities, the uncertainty of the future was a central focus point for the older adults in prison. The authors propose that a positive vision of the future needs to be included in any model of successful ageing. If successful ageing is used as an aim for older prisoners, more attention needs to be paid to support interventions during and after the release process.</description> <pubDate>2024-05-02</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 72-82: &lsquo;Successful Ageing&rsquo; Needs a Future: Older Incarcerated Adults&rsquo; Views on Ageing in Prison Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/6">doi: 10.3390/jal4020006</a> Authors: Andrea Kenkmann Christian Ghanem Demographic changes have led to an increase in older people in prisons. Whereas the rehabilitative process of younger offenders is geared towards their reintegration into the labour market, successful ageing should be a policy aim for older prisoners. This study explores how older incarcerated persons view their ageing. A qualitative study using a written survey with only the single question What does ageing in prison mean to you? was conducted in Bavaria, Germany. A total of 64 prisoners (61 male, 3 female) supplied answers varying in length from a few words to several pages. The thematic analysis revealed that together with health concerns, social relations and everyday activities, the uncertainty of the future was a central focus point for the older adults in prison. The authors propose that a positive vision of the future needs to be included in any model of successful ageing. If successful ageing is used as an aim for older prisoners, more attention needs to be paid to support interventions during and after the release process. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>&amp;lsquo;Successful Ageing&amp;rsquo; Needs a Future: Older Incarcerated Adults&amp;rsquo; Views on Ageing in Prison</dc:title> <dc:creator>Andrea Kenkmann</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Christian Ghanem</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4020006</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-05-02</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-05-02</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>72</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4020006</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/6</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/5"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 51-71: A Mobile App for Chronic Disease Self-Management for Individuals with Low Health Literacy: A Multisite Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/5</link> <description>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a mobile app designed to improve chronic disease self-management in patients aged 40 years and older with low health literacy and who had at least one chronic health condition, and to assess the impact of delivering information at different levels of reading difficulty. A randomized controlled trial was completed at two sites. Individuals aged 40 years and older screened for low health literacy who had at least one chronic health condition were randomly assigned to a tailored information multimedia app with text at one of three grade levels. Four primary outcomes were assessed: patient activation, chronic disease self-efficacy, health-related quality of life, and medication adherence. All groups showed overall increases in activation, self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life, but no change in medication adherence. No between-group differences were observed. The mobile app may have been effective in increasing participants&amp;rsquo; levels of several psychosocial variables, but this interpretation can only be advanced tentatively in light of the lack of control-experimental group differences. Reading difficulty level was not significantly related to outcomes.</description> <pubDate>2024-04-30</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 51-71: A Mobile App for Chronic Disease Self-Management for Individuals with Low Health Literacy: A Multisite Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/5">doi: 10.3390/jal4020005</a> Authors: Raymond L. Ownby Michael Simonson Joshua Caballero Kamilah Thomas-Purcell Rosemary Davenport Donrie Purcell Victoria Ayala Juan Gonzalez Neil Patel Kofi Kondwani The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a mobile app designed to improve chronic disease self-management in patients aged 40 years and older with low health literacy and who had at least one chronic health condition, and to assess the impact of delivering information at different levels of reading difficulty. A randomized controlled trial was completed at two sites. Individuals aged 40 years and older screened for low health literacy who had at least one chronic health condition were randomly assigned to a tailored information multimedia app with text at one of three grade levels. Four primary outcomes were assessed: patient activation, chronic disease self-efficacy, health-related quality of life, and medication adherence. All groups showed overall increases in activation, self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life, but no change in medication adherence. No between-group differences were observed. The mobile app may have been effective in increasing participants&amp;rsquo; levels of several psychosocial variables, but this interpretation can only be advanced tentatively in light of the lack of control-experimental group differences. Reading difficulty level was not significantly related to outcomes. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>A Mobile App for Chronic Disease Self-Management for Individuals with Low Health Literacy: A Multisite Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial</dc:title> <dc:creator>Raymond L. Ownby</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Michael Simonson</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Joshua Caballero</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Kamilah Thomas-Purcell</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Rosemary Davenport</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Donrie Purcell</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Victoria Ayala</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Juan Gonzalez</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Neil Patel</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Kofi Kondwani</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4020005</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-04-30</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-04-30</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>51</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4020005</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/5</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/4"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 41-50: The Impact of Financial Pressure on the Association between Employment and Depressive Symptoms for Community-Dwelling Older Adults</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/4</link> <description>Addressing how employment impacts older adults, including their psychological well-being, we contribute to the study of this topic by examining the association between paid work in community-dwelling older adults and their depressive mood, while considering the extent of their financial pressure. Methods: The data are from the Kashiwa longitudinal cohort study, with a 2014 baseline and a 2016 follow-up. Of the 1308 participants in the 2014 survey, 781 people were included. We conducted binary logistic regression analyses stratified by economic status with regard to the extent of the financial pressure experienced. The independent variable of interest was paid work in 2014, and the dependent variable was the extent of depressive mood (a score of 5 or more on the Geriatric Depression Scale 15) in 2016. Results: Paid work was associated with lower odds of depressive mood among those under financial pressure (odds ratio [OR] 0.46, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 0.26, 0.81), whereas for those financially stable, we did not find an association between paid work and odds of depressive mood (OR 0.99, [95%CI] 0.26, 2.63). Discussion: We evidence that for older adults under financial pressure, employment supports the maintenance of their psychological well-being. We contribute to the literature by understanding when employment is beneficial for older adults, which is important in developing appropriate older adult employment social policies.</description> <pubDate>2024-04-29</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 41-50: The Impact of Financial Pressure on the Association between Employment and Depressive Symptoms for Community-Dwelling Older Adults Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/4">doi: 10.3390/jal4020004</a> Authors: Hiroko Costantini Takazumi Ono Nanami Shogaki Tomoki Tanaka Weida Lyu Bo-Kyung Son Yasuyo Yoshizawa Katsuya Iijima Addressing how employment impacts older adults, including their psychological well-being, we contribute to the study of this topic by examining the association between paid work in community-dwelling older adults and their depressive mood, while considering the extent of their financial pressure. Methods: The data are from the Kashiwa longitudinal cohort study, with a 2014 baseline and a 2016 follow-up. Of the 1308 participants in the 2014 survey, 781 people were included. We conducted binary logistic regression analyses stratified by economic status with regard to the extent of the financial pressure experienced. The independent variable of interest was paid work in 2014, and the dependent variable was the extent of depressive mood (a score of 5 or more on the Geriatric Depression Scale 15) in 2016. Results: Paid work was associated with lower odds of depressive mood among those under financial pressure (odds ratio [OR] 0.46, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 0.26, 0.81), whereas for those financially stable, we did not find an association between paid work and odds of depressive mood (OR 0.99, [95%CI] 0.26, 2.63). Discussion: We evidence that for older adults under financial pressure, employment supports the maintenance of their psychological well-being. We contribute to the literature by understanding when employment is beneficial for older adults, which is important in developing appropriate older adult employment social policies. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>The Impact of Financial Pressure on the Association between Employment and Depressive Symptoms for Community-Dwelling Older Adults</dc:title> <dc:creator>Hiroko Costantini</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Takazumi Ono</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Nanami Shogaki</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Tomoki Tanaka</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Weida Lyu</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Bo-Kyung Son</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Yasuyo Yoshizawa</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Katsuya Iijima</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4020004</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-04-29</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-04-29</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>41</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4020004</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/2/4</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/1/3"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 28-40: The Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of the &lsquo;Walk with Me&rsquo; Peer-Led Walking Intervention to Increase Physical Activity in Inactive Older Adults: Study Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/1/3</link> <description>Background: The proportion of the population aged 65 years or older is increasing. Typically, physical activity and health decline with age, which is why action to promote active ageing is a major public health priority, particularly due to health inequalities in older adults. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the Walk with Me peer-led walking intervention for older adults. Methods: This study is a two-arm, assessor-blind, randomised controlled trial. The intervention is a 12-week peer-led walking intervention based on social cognitive theory. Participants in the control group will receive information on active ageing and healthy nutrition. The study will target 348 community-dwelling older adults, aged 60 years or over living in areas of socio-economic disadvantage communities. Trained peer mentors will deliver the intervention. The primary outcome will be a mean between-group change in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity at 12 months from baseline, measured using an Actigraph accelerometer. Secondary outcomes will include quality of life, mental wellbeing, blood pressure, BMI and waist circumference. An embedded process evaluation will involve focus groups and participant diaries. Discussion: Evidence-based, cost-effective interventions to promote physical activity in older adults living in socio-economically disadvantaged communities are needed to address health inequalities.</description> <pubDate>2024-03-15</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 28-40: The Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of the &lsquo;Walk with Me&rsquo; Peer-Led Walking Intervention to Increase Physical Activity in Inactive Older Adults: Study Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/1/3">doi: 10.3390/jal4010003</a> Authors: Conor Cunningham Maeve O’Doherty Ruth D. Neill Michael Adams Frank Kee Margaret E. Cupples Wendy Hardeman Ellen Elizabeth Anne Simpson Marie H. Murphy Chris Callaghan Roger O’Sullivan Colette Brolly Ashley Agus Cliona McDowell Bob Laventure Siobhan Casey Suzanne M. McDonough Mark A. Tully Background: The proportion of the population aged 65 years or older is increasing. Typically, physical activity and health decline with age, which is why action to promote active ageing is a major public health priority, particularly due to health inequalities in older adults. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the Walk with Me peer-led walking intervention for older adults. Methods: This study is a two-arm, assessor-blind, randomised controlled trial. The intervention is a 12-week peer-led walking intervention based on social cognitive theory. Participants in the control group will receive information on active ageing and healthy nutrition. The study will target 348 community-dwelling older adults, aged 60 years or over living in areas of socio-economic disadvantage communities. Trained peer mentors will deliver the intervention. The primary outcome will be a mean between-group change in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity at 12 months from baseline, measured using an Actigraph accelerometer. Secondary outcomes will include quality of life, mental wellbeing, blood pressure, BMI and waist circumference. An embedded process evaluation will involve focus groups and participant diaries. Discussion: Evidence-based, cost-effective interventions to promote physical activity in older adults living in socio-economically disadvantaged communities are needed to address health inequalities. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>The Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of the &amp;lsquo;Walk with Me&amp;rsquo; Peer-Led Walking Intervention to Increase Physical Activity in Inactive Older Adults: Study Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial</dc:title> <dc:creator>Conor Cunningham</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Maeve O’Doherty</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Ruth D. Neill</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Michael Adams</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Frank Kee</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Margaret E. Cupples</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Wendy Hardeman</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Ellen Elizabeth Anne Simpson</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Marie H. Murphy</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Chris Callaghan</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Roger O’Sullivan</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Colette Brolly</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Ashley Agus</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Cliona McDowell</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Bob Laventure</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Siobhan Casey</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Suzanne M. McDonough</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Mark A. Tully</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4010003</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-03-15</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-03-15</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Protocol</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>28</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4010003</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/1/3</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/1/2"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 15-27: Early Exposure to Polyphenol-Rich Sugarcane Extract (PRSE) Mitigates Aging While Enhancing Thermotolerance in C. elegans</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/1/2</link> <description>Previous research has established that polyphenols increase lifespan and stress resistance in C. elegans. However, the effects of timing of exposure on the extension of lifespan and the mechanisms involved are not completely understood. This study aims to clarify the influence of the timing of polyphenol-rich sugarcane extract (PRSE) administration on the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. C. elegans worms were subjected to a diet containing PRSE powder at various larval stages until their death. The optimal concentration for lifespan extension was found to be 5 mg/mL PRSE, which increased the lifespan of N2 worms by 18.12% compared to the control group. Mutant strains were also tested, and worm thermotolerance assays were used to assess age-related health at different life stages. Lifespan was notably extended when PRSE was introduced at the first larval stage and 15 h thereafter. No significant extension of lifespan was observed when introduced later in life. The lifespan of DAF-16 and DAF-2 mutants remained unaffected by PRSE. Improved thermotolerance was observed, especially in young and middle-aged worms. Early initiation and sustained intake of PRSE might improve the heat stress and lifespan, implicating the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway as a likely mediator in C. elegans.</description> <pubDate>2024-02-26</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 15-27: Early Exposure to Polyphenol-Rich Sugarcane Extract (PRSE) Mitigates Aging While Enhancing Thermotolerance in C. elegans Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/1/2">doi: 10.3390/jal4010002</a> Authors: Deniz Heydarian Matthew Flavel Mihiri Munasinghe Abdullah Almotayri Markandeya Jois Jency Thomas Previous research has established that polyphenols increase lifespan and stress resistance in C. elegans. However, the effects of timing of exposure on the extension of lifespan and the mechanisms involved are not completely understood. This study aims to clarify the influence of the timing of polyphenol-rich sugarcane extract (PRSE) administration on the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. C. elegans worms were subjected to a diet containing PRSE powder at various larval stages until their death. The optimal concentration for lifespan extension was found to be 5 mg/mL PRSE, which increased the lifespan of N2 worms by 18.12% compared to the control group. Mutant strains were also tested, and worm thermotolerance assays were used to assess age-related health at different life stages. Lifespan was notably extended when PRSE was introduced at the first larval stage and 15 h thereafter. No significant extension of lifespan was observed when introduced later in life. The lifespan of DAF-16 and DAF-2 mutants remained unaffected by PRSE. Improved thermotolerance was observed, especially in young and middle-aged worms. Early initiation and sustained intake of PRSE might improve the heat stress and lifespan, implicating the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway as a likely mediator in C. elegans. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Early Exposure to Polyphenol-Rich Sugarcane Extract (PRSE) Mitigates Aging While Enhancing Thermotolerance in C. elegans</dc:title> <dc:creator>Deniz Heydarian</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Matthew Flavel</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Mihiri Munasinghe</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Abdullah Almotayri</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Markandeya Jois</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Jency Thomas</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4010002</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-02-26</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-02-26</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>15</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4010002</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/1/2</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/1/1"> <title>JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 1-14: Health and Benefits of Dog Companionship in Women over 50 Years Old</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/1/1</link> <description>Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the health and wellness benefits of dog companionship in a population of women over 50 years old. Methods: This study used a combination of an online survey (n = 284 self-identified dog companions, n = 71 non-dog companions) and in-person fitness testing (n = 24 dog companions and n = 7 non-dog companions). In-person testing included the 6 min walk, handgrip strength, and chair stand tests. Results: From the questionnaire: Dog companions were 61 &amp;plusmn; 7 years old and non-dog companions were 58 &amp;plusmn; 6 years old. Dog companions reported 3 &amp;plusmn; 2 medical diagnoses and 2 &amp;plusmn; 1 medications, but non-dog companions only reported 2 &amp;plusmn; 1 medical diagnoses and 1 &amp;plusmn; 1 medications (p &amp;lt; 0.001). Satisfaction with life scores and interpersonal communication competence scores were higher for dog companions compared to non-dog companions (p &amp;lt; 0.001). Dog companions and non-dog companions reported similar amounts of time per week on vigorous activity. However, the number of days per week in which dog companions participated in moderate activity was higher than in non-dog companions (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Dog companions also reported walking more days per week and for a longer time than non-dog companions (p &amp;lt; 0.05). There were no differences in the in-person testing (6 min walk, handgrip strength, chair stand tests) between groups. Conclusions: When the in-person testing scores were compared to national standards, the women in this study were average to above average. Overall, women over 50 that own dogs walk more and have better life satisfaction, compared to non-dog companions.</description> <pubDate>2024-01-25</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 4, Pages 1-14: Health and Benefits of Dog Companionship in Women over 50 Years Old Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/1/1">doi: 10.3390/jal4010001</a> Authors: Heidi A. Kluess Rebecca L. Jones Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the health and wellness benefits of dog companionship in a population of women over 50 years old. Methods: This study used a combination of an online survey (n = 284 self-identified dog companions, n = 71 non-dog companions) and in-person fitness testing (n = 24 dog companions and n = 7 non-dog companions). In-person testing included the 6 min walk, handgrip strength, and chair stand tests. Results: From the questionnaire: Dog companions were 61 &amp;plusmn; 7 years old and non-dog companions were 58 &amp;plusmn; 6 years old. Dog companions reported 3 &amp;plusmn; 2 medical diagnoses and 2 &amp;plusmn; 1 medications, but non-dog companions only reported 2 &amp;plusmn; 1 medical diagnoses and 1 &amp;plusmn; 1 medications (p &amp;lt; 0.001). Satisfaction with life scores and interpersonal communication competence scores were higher for dog companions compared to non-dog companions (p &amp;lt; 0.001). Dog companions and non-dog companions reported similar amounts of time per week on vigorous activity. However, the number of days per week in which dog companions participated in moderate activity was higher than in non-dog companions (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Dog companions also reported walking more days per week and for a longer time than non-dog companions (p &amp;lt; 0.05). There were no differences in the in-person testing (6 min walk, handgrip strength, chair stand tests) between groups. Conclusions: When the in-person testing scores were compared to national standards, the women in this study were average to above average. Overall, women over 50 that own dogs walk more and have better life satisfaction, compared to non-dog companions. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Health and Benefits of Dog Companionship in Women over 50 Years Old</dc:title> <dc:creator>Heidi A. Kluess</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Rebecca L. Jones</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal4010001</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2024-01-25</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2024-01-25</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>4</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>1</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal4010001</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/4/1/1</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/25"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 523-531: Evaluation of the Influence of Clinical History on the Occurrence of Dementia Using the Database of National Health Insurance in Japan</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/25</link> <description>The global incidence of dementia has been rising for the past several years, posing significant health challenges regarding its management and prevention. Dementia is associated with a substantial burden on patients and their families. Therefore, effective, evidence-based preventive strategies are required for dementia. To achieve this, the predisposing factors for dementia and their relationship with other diseases need to be determined. Japan has a universal health insurance system and these data have been stored in their respective databases since 2008. Herein we explored the influence of clinical history on the occurrence of dementia based on data collected by the National Health Insurance in Japan and Municipal Care Certification Survey over the past 10 years. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors from clinical history that affect the risk of dementia development. A significant odds ratio was observed for the development of dementia in 5-year data, involving the clinical history of osteoporosis, depression, internal carotid artery occlusion, schizophrenia, and Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s disease. In addition, a significant odds ratio was observed for the development of dementia in 10-year data, involving the clinical history of osteoporosis, cataracts, and schizophrenia.</description> <pubDate>2023-12-06</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 523-531: Evaluation of the Influence of Clinical History on the Occurrence of Dementia Using the Database of National Health Insurance in Japan Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/25">doi: 10.3390/jal3040025</a> Authors: Yoh Tamaki Yoshimune Hiratsuka Toshiro Kumakawa The global incidence of dementia has been rising for the past several years, posing significant health challenges regarding its management and prevention. Dementia is associated with a substantial burden on patients and their families. Therefore, effective, evidence-based preventive strategies are required for dementia. To achieve this, the predisposing factors for dementia and their relationship with other diseases need to be determined. Japan has a universal health insurance system and these data have been stored in their respective databases since 2008. Herein we explored the influence of clinical history on the occurrence of dementia based on data collected by the National Health Insurance in Japan and Municipal Care Certification Survey over the past 10 years. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors from clinical history that affect the risk of dementia development. A significant odds ratio was observed for the development of dementia in 5-year data, involving the clinical history of osteoporosis, depression, internal carotid artery occlusion, schizophrenia, and Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s disease. In addition, a significant odds ratio was observed for the development of dementia in 10-year data, involving the clinical history of osteoporosis, cataracts, and schizophrenia. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Evaluation of the Influence of Clinical History on the Occurrence of Dementia Using the Database of National Health Insurance in Japan</dc:title> <dc:creator>Yoh Tamaki</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Yoshimune Hiratsuka</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Toshiro Kumakawa</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3040025</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-12-06</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-12-06</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>523</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3040025</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/25</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/24"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 507-522: Exploring the Relationship between Emotional Valence and Prospective Memory Metamemory in Younger and Older Adults</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/24</link> <description>Prospective memory (PM) plays a crucial role in daily autonomy. Metamemory and emotional valence have both been shown to influence PM performance in younger and older adults. However, when considered together, the relationship between emotional valence, metamemory, and PM has not been examined yet, especially whether metamemory PM representations develop with task experience (i.e., before versus after performing a task). We collected data from 25 younger and 19 older adults using an event-based PM task with emotional cues (positive, negative, or neutral). Results revealed that younger adults&amp;rsquo; predictions underestimated performance for neutral and negative cues. After performing the task, they showed more accurate representations for neutral cues, indicating that they monitored their representations. Older adults&amp;rsquo; predictions overestimated performance for negative PM cues, and they did not modify representations after performing the task. Thus, we do not find evidence that older adults are able to coherently monitor their PM representations. These findings highlight the importance of understanding PM representations, especially in older adults, as they may lead to less strategy use and more impaired PM performance in negative everyday situations.</description> <pubDate>2023-12-05</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 507-522: Exploring the Relationship between Emotional Valence and Prospective Memory Metamemory in Younger and Older Adults Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/24">doi: 10.3390/jal3040024</a> Authors: Chloé Da Silva Coelho Alexandra Hering Sascha Zuber Giulia Spurio Patrizia Silvia Bisiacchi Matthias Kliegel Prospective memory (PM) plays a crucial role in daily autonomy. Metamemory and emotional valence have both been shown to influence PM performance in younger and older adults. However, when considered together, the relationship between emotional valence, metamemory, and PM has not been examined yet, especially whether metamemory PM representations develop with task experience (i.e., before versus after performing a task). We collected data from 25 younger and 19 older adults using an event-based PM task with emotional cues (positive, negative, or neutral). Results revealed that younger adults&amp;rsquo; predictions underestimated performance for neutral and negative cues. After performing the task, they showed more accurate representations for neutral cues, indicating that they monitored their representations. Older adults&amp;rsquo; predictions overestimated performance for negative PM cues, and they did not modify representations after performing the task. Thus, we do not find evidence that older adults are able to coherently monitor their PM representations. These findings highlight the importance of understanding PM representations, especially in older adults, as they may lead to less strategy use and more impaired PM performance in negative everyday situations. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Exploring the Relationship between Emotional Valence and Prospective Memory Metamemory in Younger and Older Adults</dc:title> <dc:creator>Chloé Da Silva Coelho</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Alexandra Hering</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Sascha Zuber</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Giulia Spurio</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Patrizia Silvia Bisiacchi</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Matthias Kliegel</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3040024</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-12-05</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-12-05</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>507</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3040024</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/24</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/23"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 505-506: The Updated Scope of the Journal of Ageing and Longevity</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/23</link> <description>We are happy that the Journal of Ageing and Longevity has now entered its third year, publishing notable papers covering the wide field encompassed by its title [...]</description> <pubDate>2023-11-22</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 505-506: The Updated Scope of the Journal of Ageing and Longevity Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/23">doi: 10.3390/jal3040023</a> Authors: Graham P. Pawelec Mark A. Tully We are happy that the Journal of Ageing and Longevity has now entered its third year, publishing notable papers covering the wide field encompassed by its title [...] ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>The Updated Scope of the Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:title> <dc:creator>Graham P. Pawelec</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Mark A. Tully</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3040023</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-11-22</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-11-22</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Editorial</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>505</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3040023</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/23</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/22"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 494-504: Association of Euterpe oleracea, Bixa orellana, Myciaria dubia, and Astrocaryum aculeatum (the Terasen&reg; Nutraceutical) Increases the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/22</link> <description>Aging is a complex process associated with tissue degeneration and an increased risk of age-related diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Terasen&amp;reg;, a nutraceutical containing standardized extracts of Euterpe oleracea, Myrciaria dubia, and purified oil of Bixa orellana and Astrocaryum aculeatum on the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. The findings demonstrated that Terasen&amp;reg; exhibited significant radical scavenging in vitro, decreased the feeding behavior of C. elegans without affecting the animals&amp;rsquo; final size, increased the eggs laid in a concentration-dependent fashion, although the total progeny was reduced compared to the control, and increased the median and maximum lifespan. These findings suggest that Terasen&amp;reg; may improve the lifespan in C. elegans, warranting further investigation.</description> <pubDate>2023-11-16</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 494-504: Association of Euterpe oleracea, Bixa orellana, Myciaria dubia, and Astrocaryum aculeatum (the Terasen&reg; Nutraceutical) Increases the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/22">doi: 10.3390/jal3040022</a> Authors: Ester Lopes de Melo Bruno Augusto Machado Tavares Nayara Nílcia Dias Colares Aline Lopes do Nascimento Helison de Oliveira Carvalho Andrés Navarrete Castro Arlindo César Matias Pereira Carlos Eduardo Winter Iracirema da Silva Sena Luiz Fernando Moreira José Carlos Tavares Carvalho Aging is a complex process associated with tissue degeneration and an increased risk of age-related diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Terasen&amp;reg;, a nutraceutical containing standardized extracts of Euterpe oleracea, Myrciaria dubia, and purified oil of Bixa orellana and Astrocaryum aculeatum on the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. The findings demonstrated that Terasen&amp;reg; exhibited significant radical scavenging in vitro, decreased the feeding behavior of C. elegans without affecting the animals&amp;rsquo; final size, increased the eggs laid in a concentration-dependent fashion, although the total progeny was reduced compared to the control, and increased the median and maximum lifespan. These findings suggest that Terasen&amp;reg; may improve the lifespan in C. elegans, warranting further investigation. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Association of Euterpe oleracea, Bixa orellana, Myciaria dubia, and Astrocaryum aculeatum (the Terasen&amp;reg; Nutraceutical) Increases the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans</dc:title> <dc:creator>Ester Lopes de Melo</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Bruno Augusto Machado Tavares</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Nayara Nílcia Dias Colares</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Aline Lopes do Nascimento</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Helison de Oliveira Carvalho</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Andrés Navarrete Castro</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Arlindo César Matias Pereira</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Carlos Eduardo Winter</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Iracirema da Silva Sena</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Luiz Fernando Moreira</dc:creator> <dc:creator>José Carlos Tavares Carvalho</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3040022</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-11-16</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-11-16</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>494</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3040022</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/22</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/21"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 483-493: Examining the Role of Leisure in Navigating Spousal Death: A Phenomenological Multi-Case Study of Widowhood</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/21</link> <description>The current study will explore the post-pandemic bereavement window of widowed caregivers who experienced higher degrees of social isolation and the ways in which leisure was used to cope. A phenomenological multi-case study technique was used to explore the &amp;ldquo;multiple realities&amp;rdquo; among female caregivers whose social convoys suffered pre-pandemic because of spousal caregiving and were further impacted by COVID-19 mitigation strategies during the pandemic. Initial analyses utilized the two-cycle approach, as defined by Saldana. In the initial cycle, the researchers independently immersed themselves in the raw data gathered during participant interviews and engaged in open coding to discern concepts, patterns, themes, and categories associated with the multiple realities among the widows whose leisure participation was affected due to the strain of spousal caregiving and exacerbated by COVID-19 mitigation strategies. After completing the first cycle, the researchers then moved to the second phase, thematic analysis, which sought to develop a more structured framework by which to understand the data by identifying, analyzing, and reporting patterns (e.g., themes) within it. A qualitative comparison technique was then employed to deepen our understanding of individuals&amp;rsquo; lived experiences. Thematic findings revealed three areas of similarities: Social isolation from caregiving, using leisure to self-focus and explore future possibilities, and core groups.</description> <pubDate>2023-11-13</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 483-493: Examining the Role of Leisure in Navigating Spousal Death: A Phenomenological Multi-Case Study of Widowhood Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/21">doi: 10.3390/jal3040021</a> Authors: Thomas P. Sweeney Jennifer Zorotovich The current study will explore the post-pandemic bereavement window of widowed caregivers who experienced higher degrees of social isolation and the ways in which leisure was used to cope. A phenomenological multi-case study technique was used to explore the &amp;ldquo;multiple realities&amp;rdquo; among female caregivers whose social convoys suffered pre-pandemic because of spousal caregiving and were further impacted by COVID-19 mitigation strategies during the pandemic. Initial analyses utilized the two-cycle approach, as defined by Saldana. In the initial cycle, the researchers independently immersed themselves in the raw data gathered during participant interviews and engaged in open coding to discern concepts, patterns, themes, and categories associated with the multiple realities among the widows whose leisure participation was affected due to the strain of spousal caregiving and exacerbated by COVID-19 mitigation strategies. After completing the first cycle, the researchers then moved to the second phase, thematic analysis, which sought to develop a more structured framework by which to understand the data by identifying, analyzing, and reporting patterns (e.g., themes) within it. A qualitative comparison technique was then employed to deepen our understanding of individuals&amp;rsquo; lived experiences. Thematic findings revealed three areas of similarities: Social isolation from caregiving, using leisure to self-focus and explore future possibilities, and core groups. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Examining the Role of Leisure in Navigating Spousal Death: A Phenomenological Multi-Case Study of Widowhood</dc:title> <dc:creator>Thomas P. Sweeney</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Jennifer Zorotovich</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3040021</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-11-13</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-11-13</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>483</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3040021</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/21</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/20"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 465-482: Social Connectedness in a Locked-Down World: A Phenomenological Study of Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/20</link> <description>Background: Whilst qualitative research has previously been conducted on older people&amp;rsquo;s personal resilience and wellbeing during COVID-19, there are fewer empirical studies on the impact it had on social connectedness for this age group. In this paper we seek to examine older people&amp;rsquo;s social connectedness to others during the pandemic, their personal experiences of seeking out those connections, and whether there are any identifiable pre-existing factors that enabled them to minimise the impact of enforced isolation. Methods: Using a phenomenological methodology, we conducted in-depth interviews with 13 older people between March and May 2021. These interviews explored the participant&amp;rsquo;s lived experiences of staying socially connected to others during the enforced lockdowns and various restrictions. Results: Our findings reveal strong themes of personal resilience, sense of coherence and other protective factors, but also highlight the benefits of establishing connections to friends, family, organised groups and community prior to the pandemic. Conclusion: Older people&amp;rsquo;s ability to stay socially connected is influenced by personal resilience and a positive mindset; pre-existing social ties to others and maintaining a personal sense of coherence and a sense of belonging to people or places. Our findings shed light on the importance of informal social interactions, what it means to feel lonely in older age and indicate that for some the pandemic restrictions may even have offered a welcome space in which to process significant life events.</description> <pubDate>2023-10-24</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 465-482: Social Connectedness in a Locked-Down World: A Phenomenological Study of Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/20">doi: 10.3390/jal3040020</a> Authors: Amy Beardmore Penny Beynon Christine Crabbe Jan Fullforth Jeremy Groome Matthew Jones Background: Whilst qualitative research has previously been conducted on older people&amp;rsquo;s personal resilience and wellbeing during COVID-19, there are fewer empirical studies on the impact it had on social connectedness for this age group. In this paper we seek to examine older people&amp;rsquo;s social connectedness to others during the pandemic, their personal experiences of seeking out those connections, and whether there are any identifiable pre-existing factors that enabled them to minimise the impact of enforced isolation. Methods: Using a phenomenological methodology, we conducted in-depth interviews with 13 older people between March and May 2021. These interviews explored the participant&amp;rsquo;s lived experiences of staying socially connected to others during the enforced lockdowns and various restrictions. Results: Our findings reveal strong themes of personal resilience, sense of coherence and other protective factors, but also highlight the benefits of establishing connections to friends, family, organised groups and community prior to the pandemic. Conclusion: Older people&amp;rsquo;s ability to stay socially connected is influenced by personal resilience and a positive mindset; pre-existing social ties to others and maintaining a personal sense of coherence and a sense of belonging to people or places. Our findings shed light on the importance of informal social interactions, what it means to feel lonely in older age and indicate that for some the pandemic restrictions may even have offered a welcome space in which to process significant life events. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Social Connectedness in a Locked-Down World: A Phenomenological Study of Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic</dc:title> <dc:creator>Amy Beardmore</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Penny Beynon</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Christine Crabbe</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Jan Fullforth</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Jeremy Groome</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Matthew Jones</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3040020</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-10-24</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-10-24</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>465</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3040020</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/20</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/19"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 450-464: Empowering Older Adults in Underserved Communities&mdash;An Innovative Approach to Increase Public Health Capacity for Fall Prevention</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/19</link> <description>Although evidence-based programs have been effective for fall prevention in many communities, older adults living in underserved areas cannot access these services due to the shortage of providers and trainers. In this cross-sectional study, a multi-agency approach was adopted for integrating an evidence-based program, A Matter of Balance (AMOB), into the public health curriculum at a rurally placed university. We assessed student learning as well as the community benefits of fall prevention among those who participated in the AMOB program. Eighty-four percent of the students reported intentions of using AMOB training in their future careers. The average of the items for the effectiveness of &amp;ldquo;Classroom Training&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;Community Training&amp;rdquo; provided by the students (n = 25) ranged from 3.52 to 4.32 and 3.48 to 4.36, on a Likert scale (1 = Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree), respectively. Older adults who participated in the fall prevention community workshops showed increased confidence in reducing falls, protecting themselves from falling, and becoming steadier on their feet after the training (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Our study demonstrates the value of integrating evidence-based programs such as AMOB in a university curriculum to address rural health disparities related to falls.</description> <pubDate>2023-10-09</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 450-464: Empowering Older Adults in Underserved Communities&mdash;An Innovative Approach to Increase Public Health Capacity for Fall Prevention Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/19">doi: 10.3390/jal3040019</a> Authors: Subi Gandhi Laurie Long Viraj Gandhi Muna Bashir Although evidence-based programs have been effective for fall prevention in many communities, older adults living in underserved areas cannot access these services due to the shortage of providers and trainers. In this cross-sectional study, a multi-agency approach was adopted for integrating an evidence-based program, A Matter of Balance (AMOB), into the public health curriculum at a rurally placed university. We assessed student learning as well as the community benefits of fall prevention among those who participated in the AMOB program. Eighty-four percent of the students reported intentions of using AMOB training in their future careers. The average of the items for the effectiveness of &amp;ldquo;Classroom Training&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;Community Training&amp;rdquo; provided by the students (n = 25) ranged from 3.52 to 4.32 and 3.48 to 4.36, on a Likert scale (1 = Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree), respectively. Older adults who participated in the fall prevention community workshops showed increased confidence in reducing falls, protecting themselves from falling, and becoming steadier on their feet after the training (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Our study demonstrates the value of integrating evidence-based programs such as AMOB in a university curriculum to address rural health disparities related to falls. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Empowering Older Adults in Underserved Communities&amp;mdash;An Innovative Approach to Increase Public Health Capacity for Fall Prevention</dc:title> <dc:creator>Subi Gandhi</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Laurie Long</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Viraj Gandhi</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Muna Bashir</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3040019</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-10-09</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-10-09</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>450</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3040019</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/4/19</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/3/18"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 442-449: Trends in Octogenarian Pathology</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/3/18</link> <description>The global population has been gradually aging over the past few decades, with a growing proportion of people aged 65 years or older. Simultaneously, the medical profession has shifted towards promoting the concept of &amp;ldquo;positive&amp;rdquo; gerontology, emphasizing healthy aging. In this context, we investigated the trends in pathological specimen submissions from patients aged 85 or older over ten years at a single center. We observed a nearly two-fold increase in submissions during 2015&amp;ndash;2019 compared to 2010&amp;ndash;2014, out of proportion to the change in the fraction of older adults in the population, suggesting a changing attitude towards medical care in these older patients. Dermatologic samples were the main driver of growth, followed by gastrointestinal and urinary tract samples. However, other samples, like breast and lung, did not significantly increase. Although further research is needed to understand the implications of increasing invasive procedures in the oldest old, a noteworthy trend has emerged towards increased and more active healthcare for this population. Healthcare providers and administrators should be prepared for a continued rise in invasive interventions in this age group.</description> <pubDate>2023-08-12</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 442-449: Trends in Octogenarian Pathology Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/3/18">doi: 10.3390/jal3030018</a> Authors: Tal Keidar Haran Arnon Haran Nir Pillar The global population has been gradually aging over the past few decades, with a growing proportion of people aged 65 years or older. Simultaneously, the medical profession has shifted towards promoting the concept of &amp;ldquo;positive&amp;rdquo; gerontology, emphasizing healthy aging. In this context, we investigated the trends in pathological specimen submissions from patients aged 85 or older over ten years at a single center. We observed a nearly two-fold increase in submissions during 2015&amp;ndash;2019 compared to 2010&amp;ndash;2014, out of proportion to the change in the fraction of older adults in the population, suggesting a changing attitude towards medical care in these older patients. Dermatologic samples were the main driver of growth, followed by gastrointestinal and urinary tract samples. However, other samples, like breast and lung, did not significantly increase. Although further research is needed to understand the implications of increasing invasive procedures in the oldest old, a noteworthy trend has emerged towards increased and more active healthcare for this population. Healthcare providers and administrators should be prepared for a continued rise in invasive interventions in this age group. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Trends in Octogenarian Pathology</dc:title> <dc:creator>Tal Keidar Haran</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Arnon Haran</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Nir Pillar</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3030018</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-08-12</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-08-12</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Brief Report</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>442</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3030018</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/3/18</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/3/17"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 433-441: The Relationship between Mental Health and Loneliness in the Elderly during the COVID-19 Pandemic</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/3/17</link> <description>Background and Aim: The coronavirus pandemic has had a negative impact on the health and well-being of communities and individuals around the world. One of the concerns about the COVID-19 epidemic is the impact of social isolation due to social distancing on the mental health of older adults. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between mental health and loneliness among seniors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 211 retirees of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences were selected by available sampling method in 2021. Data were collected through the Demographic, Mental Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and the Adult Social and Emotional Feeling Questionnaire (SELSA-S). Data were analyzed using paired t-test, one-way analysis of variance, covariance, and chi-squared tests. The significance level was considered 0.05. Results: The mean age of participants was 71.26 years and the results showed a significant relationship between feeling lonely and mental health (r = 0.535, p = 0.001). There were statistically significant relationships between mental health and social functioning (r = &amp;minus;0.204, p &amp;ge; 0.001) and depression (r = 0.501, p = 0.001) and also between mental health and three subscales of loneliness: romantic loneliness (r = 0.001, p = 0.001), social loneliness (r = 0.493, p = 0.001), and family loneliness (r = 0.289, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Feeling lonely during the coronavirus disease pandemic has a negative effect on the mental health of older adults; therefore, it is necessary for mental health professionals to improve the mental health of the elderly with proper planning and interventions.</description> <pubDate>2023-07-12</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 433-441: The Relationship between Mental Health and Loneliness in the Elderly during the COVID-19 Pandemic Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/3/17">doi: 10.3390/jal3030017</a> Authors: Mahsa Sadatnia Amir Jalali Laili Tapak Farshid Shamsaei Background and Aim: The coronavirus pandemic has had a negative impact on the health and well-being of communities and individuals around the world. One of the concerns about the COVID-19 epidemic is the impact of social isolation due to social distancing on the mental health of older adults. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between mental health and loneliness among seniors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 211 retirees of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences were selected by available sampling method in 2021. Data were collected through the Demographic, Mental Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and the Adult Social and Emotional Feeling Questionnaire (SELSA-S). Data were analyzed using paired t-test, one-way analysis of variance, covariance, and chi-squared tests. The significance level was considered 0.05. Results: The mean age of participants was 71.26 years and the results showed a significant relationship between feeling lonely and mental health (r = 0.535, p = 0.001). There were statistically significant relationships between mental health and social functioning (r = &amp;minus;0.204, p &amp;ge; 0.001) and depression (r = 0.501, p = 0.001) and also between mental health and three subscales of loneliness: romantic loneliness (r = 0.001, p = 0.001), social loneliness (r = 0.493, p = 0.001), and family loneliness (r = 0.289, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Feeling lonely during the coronavirus disease pandemic has a negative effect on the mental health of older adults; therefore, it is necessary for mental health professionals to improve the mental health of the elderly with proper planning and interventions. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>The Relationship between Mental Health and Loneliness in the Elderly during the COVID-19 Pandemic</dc:title> <dc:creator>Mahsa Sadatnia</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Amir Jalali</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Laili Tapak</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Farshid Shamsaei</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3030017</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-07-12</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-07-12</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>433</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3030017</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/3/17</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/3/16"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 203-432: Abstracts from the 26th Nordic Congress of Gerontology</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/3/16</link> <description>This paper is dedicated to the research presented at the 26th Nordic Congress of Gerontology in Odense, Denmark, in June 2022, which was organized by the Danish Gerontological Society and the Danish Society for Geriatrics. The overall topics of the congress were change and continuity. Participants were invited to explore questions on change and continuity from the perspective of ageing and later life within the following congress themes: digitisation and technology; housing, generations and mobility; lifestyle, engagement and transition; education and competences in ageing societies; morbidity, medical treatment and ageing processes; and a good life and a good death. Life is about change and continuity. We experience ourselves and our surroundings differently throughout our lives. For most people, later life is characterized by major transitions, moving towards frailty and multiple losses. But it may also be a part of life with more time to engage in preferred activities, explore new possibilities, and to cope and come to terms with new challenges. The COVID-19 pandemic proved to be a challenge to the world beyond imagination, particularly for frail and vulnerable people and societies. However, it also provided valuable new insights and reminded us of the values in life. We, therefore, also welcomed presentations and discussions on societal perspectives such as citizen perspective, ethnicity, inequality, sustainability and ecology, the pandemic and lockdown. We thank the organizers, scientific committees and all participants for a great congress with high-quality presentations and discussions.</description> <pubDate>2023-07-11</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 203-432: Abstracts from the 26th Nordic Congress of Gerontology Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/3/16">doi: 10.3390/jal3030016</a> Authors: Jette Thuesen Charlotte Nilsson Paolo Caserotti This paper is dedicated to the research presented at the 26th Nordic Congress of Gerontology in Odense, Denmark, in June 2022, which was organized by the Danish Gerontological Society and the Danish Society for Geriatrics. The overall topics of the congress were change and continuity. Participants were invited to explore questions on change and continuity from the perspective of ageing and later life within the following congress themes: digitisation and technology; housing, generations and mobility; lifestyle, engagement and transition; education and competences in ageing societies; morbidity, medical treatment and ageing processes; and a good life and a good death. Life is about change and continuity. We experience ourselves and our surroundings differently throughout our lives. For most people, later life is characterized by major transitions, moving towards frailty and multiple losses. But it may also be a part of life with more time to engage in preferred activities, explore new possibilities, and to cope and come to terms with new challenges. The COVID-19 pandemic proved to be a challenge to the world beyond imagination, particularly for frail and vulnerable people and societies. However, it also provided valuable new insights and reminded us of the values in life. We, therefore, also welcomed presentations and discussions on societal perspectives such as citizen perspective, ethnicity, inequality, sustainability and ecology, the pandemic and lockdown. We thank the organizers, scientific committees and all participants for a great congress with high-quality presentations and discussions. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Abstracts from the 26th Nordic Congress of Gerontology</dc:title> <dc:creator>Jette Thuesen</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Charlotte Nilsson</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Paolo Caserotti</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3030016</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-07-11</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-07-11</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Conference Report</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>203</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3030016</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/3/16</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/3/15"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 191-202: Efficacy of the Use of Exergames in Promoting the Mental Health of the Elderly: Protocol of a Systematic Review</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/3/15</link> <description>Background: Scientific and technological advancements have significantly impacted our daily lives, and it is not easy to imagine living without their benefits. However, elderly individuals may experience limited access to these resources, impeding their autonomy. To address this, the use of exergames has been proposed to promote the mental health and socialization of older people. This study aims to systematically review the effectiveness of exergames in promoting older people&amp;rsquo;s mental health and socialization. Methods: The Joanna Briggs Institute&amp;rsquo;s recommended methodology will be used for a systematic review. Databases relevant to the research topic, such as those regarding gerontologic care, aged rehabilitation, geriatric games, video games, play and playthings, mental health, anxiety, depression, stress, and physiological factors, will be searched for experimental and quasi-experimental studies, as well as randomized studies with and without control groups. Results: The systematic literature review will synthesize findings on the effectiveness of exergames in promoting mental health and socialization in the elderly population. Conclusions: Exergames may have the potential to effectively improve the mental health and socialization of the elderly population. Identifying which exergames are most effective for these purposes is important to inform the provision of healthcare to this population.</description> <pubDate>2023-07-05</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 191-202: Efficacy of the Use of Exergames in Promoting the Mental Health of the Elderly: Protocol of a Systematic Review Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/3/15">doi: 10.3390/jal3030015</a> Authors: Andreia Lima Maria Teresa Moreira Maria Salomé Ferreira Vítor Parola Francisco Sampaio Maria do Perpétuo Nóbrega Carla Fernandes Background: Scientific and technological advancements have significantly impacted our daily lives, and it is not easy to imagine living without their benefits. However, elderly individuals may experience limited access to these resources, impeding their autonomy. To address this, the use of exergames has been proposed to promote the mental health and socialization of older people. This study aims to systematically review the effectiveness of exergames in promoting older people&amp;rsquo;s mental health and socialization. Methods: The Joanna Briggs Institute&amp;rsquo;s recommended methodology will be used for a systematic review. Databases relevant to the research topic, such as those regarding gerontologic care, aged rehabilitation, geriatric games, video games, play and playthings, mental health, anxiety, depression, stress, and physiological factors, will be searched for experimental and quasi-experimental studies, as well as randomized studies with and without control groups. Results: The systematic literature review will synthesize findings on the effectiveness of exergames in promoting mental health and socialization in the elderly population. Conclusions: Exergames may have the potential to effectively improve the mental health and socialization of the elderly population. Identifying which exergames are most effective for these purposes is important to inform the provision of healthcare to this population. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Efficacy of the Use of Exergames in Promoting the Mental Health of the Elderly: Protocol of a Systematic Review</dc:title> <dc:creator>Andreia Lima</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Maria Teresa Moreira</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Maria Salomé Ferreira</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Vítor Parola</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Francisco Sampaio</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Maria do Perpétuo Nóbrega</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Carla Fernandes</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3030015</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-07-05</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-07-05</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Protocol</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>191</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3030015</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/3/15</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/14"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 179-190: Artful Ageing, Not Just Successful Ageing</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/14</link> <description>In this article, we develop a tentative philosophy to orchestrate and support possibilities for artful ageing. This effort argues that older adults need a broader range of opportunities to explore the manifold ephemeral, non-rational, and in-between elements of an ageing life. The philosophy is rooted in the notion that older adults need space (literally and metaphorically) to explore and process their existence and that engaging in such processes can entail emancipatory effects in everyday life. The perspective unfolded throughout the article is a philosophical venture, or, rather, a preliminary work, developing the concept of artful ageing as a tool applicable in rethinking and broadening the range of activities occurring in institutional settings dedicated to older adults. Furthermore, the perspective also presents a critical stance towards normative footings and biopolitical agendas embedded in current regimes of active ageing. Artful ageing represents the ambition to enable and support artful lives, events, and activities among residents and participants in care homes and other contexts. We argue that physical and existential spaces are closely intertwined entities and that initiatives aimed at maintaining adequate measures of openness, ambiguity, and sensory intimacy, i.e., events that allow for the experience of metaphorical cracks, can afford artful pockets in which to reside for a while, seek refuge, recharge, stray from the beaten track, and obtain an always partial feeling of emancipation. In qualifying the concept of artful ageing, we hope to open new avenues to contemplate and subsequently initiate activities for older adults that are not just orientated towards physical health in later life. At the same time, our ambition is to develop a critical perspective aimed at challenging existing notions of successful ageing in (re)invigorating the importance of artful processes and experiences as an element inherent to successful ageing, as well.</description> <pubDate>2023-06-14</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 179-190: Artful Ageing, Not Just Successful Ageing Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/14">doi: 10.3390/jal3020014</a> Authors: Tine Fristrup Jon Dag Rasmussen In this article, we develop a tentative philosophy to orchestrate and support possibilities for artful ageing. This effort argues that older adults need a broader range of opportunities to explore the manifold ephemeral, non-rational, and in-between elements of an ageing life. The philosophy is rooted in the notion that older adults need space (literally and metaphorically) to explore and process their existence and that engaging in such processes can entail emancipatory effects in everyday life. The perspective unfolded throughout the article is a philosophical venture, or, rather, a preliminary work, developing the concept of artful ageing as a tool applicable in rethinking and broadening the range of activities occurring in institutional settings dedicated to older adults. Furthermore, the perspective also presents a critical stance towards normative footings and biopolitical agendas embedded in current regimes of active ageing. Artful ageing represents the ambition to enable and support artful lives, events, and activities among residents and participants in care homes and other contexts. We argue that physical and existential spaces are closely intertwined entities and that initiatives aimed at maintaining adequate measures of openness, ambiguity, and sensory intimacy, i.e., events that allow for the experience of metaphorical cracks, can afford artful pockets in which to reside for a while, seek refuge, recharge, stray from the beaten track, and obtain an always partial feeling of emancipation. In qualifying the concept of artful ageing, we hope to open new avenues to contemplate and subsequently initiate activities for older adults that are not just orientated towards physical health in later life. At the same time, our ambition is to develop a critical perspective aimed at challenging existing notions of successful ageing in (re)invigorating the importance of artful processes and experiences as an element inherent to successful ageing, as well. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Artful Ageing, Not Just Successful Ageing</dc:title> <dc:creator>Tine Fristrup</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Jon Dag Rasmussen</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3020014</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-06-14</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-06-14</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>179</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3020014</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/14</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/13"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 159-178: Skeletal Muscle Transcriptome Alterations Related to Declining Physical Function in Older Mice</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/13</link> <description>One inevitable consequence of aging is the gradual deterioration of physical function and exercise capacity, driven in part by the adverse effect of age on muscle tissue. We hypothesized that relationships exist between age-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in skeletal muscle and age-associated declines in physical function and exercise capacity. Previously, male C57BL/6mice (6m, months old, 24m, and 28m) were tested for physical function using a composite scoring system (comprehensive functional assessment battery, CFAB) comprised of five well-validated tests of physical function. In this study, total RNA was isolated from tibialis anterior samples (n = 8) randomly selected from each age group in the parent study. Using Next Generation Sequencing RNAseq to determine DEGs during aging (6m vs. 28m, and 6m vs. 24m), we found a greater than five-fold increase in DEGs in 28m compared to the 24m. Furthermore, regression of the normalized expression of each DEG with the CFAB score of the corresponding mouse revealed many more DEGs strongly associated (R &amp;ge; |0.70|) with functional status in the older mice. Gene ontology results indicate highly enriched axon guidance and acetyl choline receptor gene sets, suggesting that denervation/reinnervation flux might potentially play a critical role in functional decline. We conclude that specific age-related DEG patterns are associated with declines in physical function, and the data suggest accelerated aging occurring between 24 and 28 months.</description> <pubDate>2023-05-31</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 159-178: Skeletal Muscle Transcriptome Alterations Related to Declining Physical Function in Older Mice Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/13">doi: 10.3390/jal3020013</a> Authors: Ted G. Graber Rosario Maroto Jill K. Thompson Steven G. Widen Zhaohui Man Megan L. Pajski Blake B. Rasmussen One inevitable consequence of aging is the gradual deterioration of physical function and exercise capacity, driven in part by the adverse effect of age on muscle tissue. We hypothesized that relationships exist between age-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in skeletal muscle and age-associated declines in physical function and exercise capacity. Previously, male C57BL/6mice (6m, months old, 24m, and 28m) were tested for physical function using a composite scoring system (comprehensive functional assessment battery, CFAB) comprised of five well-validated tests of physical function. In this study, total RNA was isolated from tibialis anterior samples (n = 8) randomly selected from each age group in the parent study. Using Next Generation Sequencing RNAseq to determine DEGs during aging (6m vs. 28m, and 6m vs. 24m), we found a greater than five-fold increase in DEGs in 28m compared to the 24m. Furthermore, regression of the normalized expression of each DEG with the CFAB score of the corresponding mouse revealed many more DEGs strongly associated (R &amp;ge; |0.70|) with functional status in the older mice. Gene ontology results indicate highly enriched axon guidance and acetyl choline receptor gene sets, suggesting that denervation/reinnervation flux might potentially play a critical role in functional decline. We conclude that specific age-related DEG patterns are associated with declines in physical function, and the data suggest accelerated aging occurring between 24 and 28 months. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Skeletal Muscle Transcriptome Alterations Related to Declining Physical Function in Older Mice</dc:title> <dc:creator>Ted G. Graber</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Rosario Maroto</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Jill K. Thompson</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Steven G. Widen</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Zhaohui Man</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Megan L. Pajski</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Blake B. Rasmussen</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3020013</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-05-31</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-05-31</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>159</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3020013</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/13</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/12"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 153-158: The Literary Old Age at the Intersection of Medical Practice and Public Health&mdash;A Cross-Disciplinary Reading of Ane Riel&rsquo;s Clockwork</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/12</link> <description>Recent decades have witnessed the coming of age of &amp;lsquo;literary gerontology&amp;rsquo;, a discipline situated at the intersection of literary studies and gerontology. A key argument of this research is that literature and literary criticism can highlight the complexities and ambiguities of age, ageing and later life. As such, the discipline insists on the relevance of literature within the field of gerontology. This study explores this claim from an interdisciplinary perspective and presents the key findings of an exploratory collaboration between researchers representing literature studies, anthropology, history, public health and medicine. The members of the research team took part in a joint reading, analysis and discussion of Danish author Ane Riel&amp;rsquo;s novel, Clockwork, which depicts an ageing protagonist&amp;rsquo;s reconcilement with old age and death. These efforts resulted in dual dimensions of insight: a realistic dimension, which may be interpreted as a confirmation of the existing knowledge of ageing and wellbeing, characterized by physical and cognitive challenges; and an imaginary dimension, a type of knowledge distilled in the interaction between the reader and the literary work. The reader can be seen to be tasked with identifying with the protagonist, with this process providing a hitherto unknown perspective on how ageing is experienced, how it feels and what it means. The study exemplifies an approach fostering cross-disciplinary inspiration, which may stimulate novel research hypotheses and ultimately inform public health thinking and medical practice.</description> <pubDate>2023-05-09</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 153-158: The Literary Old Age at the Intersection of Medical Practice and Public Health&mdash;A Cross-Disciplinary Reading of Ane Riel&rsquo;s Clockwork Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/12">doi: 10.3390/jal3020012</a> Authors: Troels Mygind Jensen Nicklas Freisleben Lund Stine Grønbæk Jensen Anne Hagen Berg Anne Marie Mai Klaus Petersen Kaare Christensen Jacob Krabbe Pedersen Jens Søndergaard Peter Simonsen Recent decades have witnessed the coming of age of &amp;lsquo;literary gerontology&amp;rsquo;, a discipline situated at the intersection of literary studies and gerontology. A key argument of this research is that literature and literary criticism can highlight the complexities and ambiguities of age, ageing and later life. As such, the discipline insists on the relevance of literature within the field of gerontology. This study explores this claim from an interdisciplinary perspective and presents the key findings of an exploratory collaboration between researchers representing literature studies, anthropology, history, public health and medicine. The members of the research team took part in a joint reading, analysis and discussion of Danish author Ane Riel&amp;rsquo;s novel, Clockwork, which depicts an ageing protagonist&amp;rsquo;s reconcilement with old age and death. These efforts resulted in dual dimensions of insight: a realistic dimension, which may be interpreted as a confirmation of the existing knowledge of ageing and wellbeing, characterized by physical and cognitive challenges; and an imaginary dimension, a type of knowledge distilled in the interaction between the reader and the literary work. The reader can be seen to be tasked with identifying with the protagonist, with this process providing a hitherto unknown perspective on how ageing is experienced, how it feels and what it means. The study exemplifies an approach fostering cross-disciplinary inspiration, which may stimulate novel research hypotheses and ultimately inform public health thinking and medical practice. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>The Literary Old Age at the Intersection of Medical Practice and Public Health&amp;mdash;A Cross-Disciplinary Reading of Ane Riel&amp;rsquo;s Clockwork</dc:title> <dc:creator>Troels Mygind Jensen</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Nicklas Freisleben Lund</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Stine Grønbæk Jensen</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Anne Hagen Berg</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Anne Marie Mai</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Klaus Petersen</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Kaare Christensen</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Jacob Krabbe Pedersen</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Jens Søndergaard</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Peter Simonsen</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3020012</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-05-09</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-05-09</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Brief Report</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>153</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3020012</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/12</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/11"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 142-152: Pet Ownership and Physical Activity in Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Analyses from the NICOLA Study</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/11</link> <description>Aging research indicates that there is increased sedentary behaviour and insufficient physical activity levels across the older adult population. There is a growing body of evidence that suggests that pet ownership can have beneficial physical and mental health effects. Data were drawn from the Northern Ireland Cohort for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing (NICOLA). This questionnaire measured general social demographics such as gender, age, and marital status while also examining elements of physical activity, lifestyle factors (drinking status, smoking status), and education. Two items from the short form International Physical Activity Questionnaire recorded moderate and vigorous activity. Respondents were asked if they owned a pet (Yes/No). The results are based on a secondary data analysis. An ordinal logistic regression revealed that an increase in moderate activity days was associated with pet ownership with an odds ratio of 0.111 (95% CI, &amp;minus;0.036 to 0.337), Wald &amp;chi;2 (1) 15.013, p &amp;lt; 0.001. An increase in vigorous activity days was associated with pet ownership with an odds ratio of 0.039 (95% CI, 0.004 to 0.342), Wald &amp;chi;2 (1) 8.952, p = 0.003). Amongst older adults in Northern Ireland, those with a pet were more likely to engage in regular physical activity. This study was based on a small specific sample of the population and showed differences in physical activity levels between pet owners and non-pet owners. Additionally, the study showed that physical activity is extremely low among the older adult population, therefore further investigation is warranted on the reasons for these low levels.</description> <pubDate>2023-04-06</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 142-152: Pet Ownership and Physical Activity in Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Analyses from the NICOLA Study Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/11">doi: 10.3390/jal3020011</a> Authors: Ruth D. Neill Conor Cunningham Maeve O’Doherty Lee Smith Mark A. Tully Aging research indicates that there is increased sedentary behaviour and insufficient physical activity levels across the older adult population. There is a growing body of evidence that suggests that pet ownership can have beneficial physical and mental health effects. Data were drawn from the Northern Ireland Cohort for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing (NICOLA). This questionnaire measured general social demographics such as gender, age, and marital status while also examining elements of physical activity, lifestyle factors (drinking status, smoking status), and education. Two items from the short form International Physical Activity Questionnaire recorded moderate and vigorous activity. Respondents were asked if they owned a pet (Yes/No). The results are based on a secondary data analysis. An ordinal logistic regression revealed that an increase in moderate activity days was associated with pet ownership with an odds ratio of 0.111 (95% CI, &amp;minus;0.036 to 0.337), Wald &amp;chi;2 (1) 15.013, p &amp;lt; 0.001. An increase in vigorous activity days was associated with pet ownership with an odds ratio of 0.039 (95% CI, 0.004 to 0.342), Wald &amp;chi;2 (1) 8.952, p = 0.003). Amongst older adults in Northern Ireland, those with a pet were more likely to engage in regular physical activity. This study was based on a small specific sample of the population and showed differences in physical activity levels between pet owners and non-pet owners. Additionally, the study showed that physical activity is extremely low among the older adult population, therefore further investigation is warranted on the reasons for these low levels. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Pet Ownership and Physical Activity in Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Analyses from the NICOLA Study</dc:title> <dc:creator>Ruth D. Neill</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Conor Cunningham</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Maeve O’Doherty</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Lee Smith</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Mark A. Tully</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3020011</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-04-06</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-04-06</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>142</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3020011</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/11</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/10"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 116-141: Development and Peer Review of an Evidence-Based Decision-Support Tool for Non-Drug Prescribing for Healthy Ageing</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/10</link> <description>Introduction: Promoting healthy ageing is increasingly important to maintain functional ability and wellbeing in older age. However, there is a lack of consolidated evidence-based information to support the selection of non-drug interventions to support healthy ageing outcomes for individuals. Methods: A narrative review of the evidence-based literature on non-drug interventions to support healthy ageing was performed. Evidence for intervention benefits was evaluated and mapped into the Systematic Wellness Intervention Pathway framework and aligned to relevant goals, needs and outcomes relating to physical fitness and function, emotional wellbeing, cognitive health, sleep and diet and nutrition. Comments from a modified Delphi survey of 75 expert peer reviewers were analysed to inform the development of the next Pathway iteration. Results: The narrative review identified key healthy ageing interventions, including physical activity, social interaction, interventions for emotional wellbeing, creative and cognitively stimulating activities and diet and nutrition. Peer review survey results indicated majority agreement with all domains and non-drug interventions for healthy ageing in the Pathway, and suggested interventions and outcome revisions informed Pathway iteration. Conclusion: The Pathway could be a step forward in operationalising the delivery of non-drug interventions in an accessible and scalable way, supplementing conventional health and social care, to enable older people to live well for longer.</description> <pubDate>2023-03-31</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 116-141: Development and Peer Review of an Evidence-Based Decision-Support Tool for Non-Drug Prescribing for Healthy Ageing Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/10">doi: 10.3390/jal3020010</a> Authors: Zara Quail Mark Carter Charles Young Introduction: Promoting healthy ageing is increasingly important to maintain functional ability and wellbeing in older age. However, there is a lack of consolidated evidence-based information to support the selection of non-drug interventions to support healthy ageing outcomes for individuals. Methods: A narrative review of the evidence-based literature on non-drug interventions to support healthy ageing was performed. Evidence for intervention benefits was evaluated and mapped into the Systematic Wellness Intervention Pathway framework and aligned to relevant goals, needs and outcomes relating to physical fitness and function, emotional wellbeing, cognitive health, sleep and diet and nutrition. Comments from a modified Delphi survey of 75 expert peer reviewers were analysed to inform the development of the next Pathway iteration. Results: The narrative review identified key healthy ageing interventions, including physical activity, social interaction, interventions for emotional wellbeing, creative and cognitively stimulating activities and diet and nutrition. Peer review survey results indicated majority agreement with all domains and non-drug interventions for healthy ageing in the Pathway, and suggested interventions and outcome revisions informed Pathway iteration. Conclusion: The Pathway could be a step forward in operationalising the delivery of non-drug interventions in an accessible and scalable way, supplementing conventional health and social care, to enable older people to live well for longer. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Development and Peer Review of an Evidence-Based Decision-Support Tool for Non-Drug Prescribing for Healthy Ageing</dc:title> <dc:creator>Zara Quail</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Mark Carter</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Charles Young</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3020010</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-03-31</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-03-31</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Concept Paper</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>116</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3020010</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/2/10</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/9"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 107-115: &ldquo;The Ark of Rights&rdquo;: Development of a Board Game to Empower Older Adults Regarding Their Rights</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/9</link> <description>There is an urgent need to ensure the rights of older adults. In particular, there is a lack of awareness of human rights by older adults themselves, for which intervention strategies should be developed. Due to the need for intervention at this level, a board game was created to empower older adults regarding their rights using a dynamic and interactive method. This article aims to describe the development stages of the board game &amp;ldquo;The Ark of Rights&amp;rdquo;&amp;reg; up to its pilot study. Its development followed three stages: A first phase to review the scientific literature and benchmarks on the rights of older persons, a second phase to define the game design and collect statements from older people for the game, and a third phase to test the game. The European Portuguese Validation of the System Usability Scale (SUS) was used to assess the latter phase. Approximately 200 older people contributed to the game&amp;rsquo;s contents (second phase), and 74 participated and positively evaluated the game&amp;rsquo;s usability and their satisfaction with its use (third phase). In summary, the game &amp;ldquo;The Ark of Rights&amp;rdquo; revealed itself to be a resource for empowering older adults regarding their rights. It also enables the identification of possible human rights violations among older adults and subsequent intervention.</description> <pubDate>2023-03-17</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 107-115: &ldquo;The Ark of Rights&rdquo;: Development of a Board Game to Empower Older Adults Regarding Their Rights Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/9">doi: 10.3390/jal3010009</a> Authors: Carla Sílvia Fernandes Camila Neto Catarina Silva Sara Dionísio Susana Oliveira Isabel Amorim Alice Delerue Matos Maria Manuela Martins There is an urgent need to ensure the rights of older adults. In particular, there is a lack of awareness of human rights by older adults themselves, for which intervention strategies should be developed. Due to the need for intervention at this level, a board game was created to empower older adults regarding their rights using a dynamic and interactive method. This article aims to describe the development stages of the board game &amp;ldquo;The Ark of Rights&amp;rdquo;&amp;reg; up to its pilot study. Its development followed three stages: A first phase to review the scientific literature and benchmarks on the rights of older persons, a second phase to define the game design and collect statements from older people for the game, and a third phase to test the game. The European Portuguese Validation of the System Usability Scale (SUS) was used to assess the latter phase. Approximately 200 older people contributed to the game&amp;rsquo;s contents (second phase), and 74 participated and positively evaluated the game&amp;rsquo;s usability and their satisfaction with its use (third phase). In summary, the game &amp;ldquo;The Ark of Rights&amp;rdquo; revealed itself to be a resource for empowering older adults regarding their rights. It also enables the identification of possible human rights violations among older adults and subsequent intervention. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>&amp;ldquo;The Ark of Rights&amp;rdquo;: Development of a Board Game to Empower Older Adults Regarding Their Rights</dc:title> <dc:creator>Carla Sílvia Fernandes</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Camila Neto</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Catarina Silva</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Sara Dionísio</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Susana Oliveira</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Isabel Amorim</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Alice Delerue Matos</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Maria Manuela Martins</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3010009</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-03-17</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-03-17</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>107</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3010009</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/9</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/8"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 92-106: Religious Bodies&ndash;Lutheran Chaplains Interpreting and Asserting Religiousness of People with Severe Dementia in Finnish Nursing Homes</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/8</link> <description>The prevalence of dementia is increasing globally as populations grow older. Moderate and severe dementia are the main reasons for older people entering long-term care in Finland, and the vast majority of nursing home residents have it. Regarding mild dementia, religiousness is known to slow the progress of the disease, offer solace, and maintain a life-long identity. However, we know practically nothing about the religiousness of people with severe dementia. This study sought to fill the gap by interviewing Lutheran chaplains working in Finnish nursing homes. The data were subjected to qualitative content analysis to understand: (I) how people with severe dementia may express their remaining religiousness and (II) how the chaplains asserted the religiousness of people whom their words often did not reach. The clearest expressions of religiousness found were bodily, including expressions of emotions and fumbling liturgical movements. The chaplains utilized prayer services, active presence, and generational intelligence to respond to residents&amp;rsquo; religiousness. The main conclusion is that people with severe dementia can express their faith and are eager to practice it when opportunities are provided to do so. Our research challenges care providers and religious communities to better acknowledge the religiousness of people with severe dementia.</description> <pubDate>2023-03-02</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 92-106: Religious Bodies&ndash;Lutheran Chaplains Interpreting and Asserting Religiousness of People with Severe Dementia in Finnish Nursing Homes Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/8">doi: 10.3390/jal3010008</a> Authors: Jari Pirhonen Auli Vähäkangas Suvi-Maria Saarelainen The prevalence of dementia is increasing globally as populations grow older. Moderate and severe dementia are the main reasons for older people entering long-term care in Finland, and the vast majority of nursing home residents have it. Regarding mild dementia, religiousness is known to slow the progress of the disease, offer solace, and maintain a life-long identity. However, we know practically nothing about the religiousness of people with severe dementia. This study sought to fill the gap by interviewing Lutheran chaplains working in Finnish nursing homes. The data were subjected to qualitative content analysis to understand: (I) how people with severe dementia may express their remaining religiousness and (II) how the chaplains asserted the religiousness of people whom their words often did not reach. The clearest expressions of religiousness found were bodily, including expressions of emotions and fumbling liturgical movements. The chaplains utilized prayer services, active presence, and generational intelligence to respond to residents&amp;rsquo; religiousness. The main conclusion is that people with severe dementia can express their faith and are eager to practice it when opportunities are provided to do so. Our research challenges care providers and religious communities to better acknowledge the religiousness of people with severe dementia. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Religious Bodies&amp;ndash;Lutheran Chaplains Interpreting and Asserting Religiousness of People with Severe Dementia in Finnish Nursing Homes</dc:title> <dc:creator>Jari Pirhonen</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Auli Vähäkangas</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Suvi-Maria Saarelainen</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3010008</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-03-02</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-03-02</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>92</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3010008</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/8</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/7"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 90-91: Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Journal of Ageing and Longevity in 2022</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/7</link> <description>High-quality academic publishing is built on rigorous peer review [...]</description> <pubDate>2023-02-08</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 90-91: Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Journal of Ageing and Longevity in 2022 Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/7">doi: 10.3390/jal3010007</a> Authors: JAL Editorial Office JAL Editorial Office High-quality academic publishing is built on rigorous peer review [...] ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Journal of Ageing and Longevity in 2022</dc:title> <dc:creator>JAL Editorial Office JAL Editorial Office</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3010007</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-02-08</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-02-08</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Editorial</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>90</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3010007</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/7</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/6"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 72-89: Planning for Aging and Frailty: A Qualitative Study on Older Adults&rsquo; Perceptions, Facilitators, and Barriers</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/6</link> <description>Aging is often accompanied by health events that may disrupt older adults&amp;rsquo; desires to age in place. Understanding older adults&amp;rsquo; perceptions of planning for their aging process was a priority to identify how planning behaviors occur. Our study explored how people perceive the concept of planning for aging and frailty, and identified the facilitators and barriers involved in the planning process. Using conventional qualitative content analysis, we used the data from semi-structured interviews of twenty community-dwelling older adults aged 50&amp;ndash;80 years old. Demographic information was obtained, followed by the participant interviews. Seventeen code categories surfaced including six categories in the perception domain (i.e., internal, external, and future-oriented), seven categories in the facilitators domain (i.e., internal, external, and systems), and four categories in the barriers domain (i.e., internal, and systems). The emergent categories included understanding one&amp;rsquo;s perception of planning through a holistic lens, the importance of experiences with self/others as facilitators, and the physical/cognitive/emotional factors that serve as barriers within a larger sphere of societal influence. Planning for aging and frailty is an innovative concept that normalizes the aging process and promotes planning through an awareness of aging across the life-course domains. Future research is warranted for intervention development to help older adults recognize and actively plan for aging and to address the barriers involved.</description> <pubDate>2023-02-02</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 72-89: Planning for Aging and Frailty: A Qualitative Study on Older Adults&rsquo; Perceptions, Facilitators, and Barriers Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/6">doi: 10.3390/jal3010006</a> Authors: Erica Frechman Harleah Buck Mary S. Dietrich Bethany A. Rhoten Amanda Davis Cathy A. Maxwell Aging is often accompanied by health events that may disrupt older adults&amp;rsquo; desires to age in place. Understanding older adults&amp;rsquo; perceptions of planning for their aging process was a priority to identify how planning behaviors occur. Our study explored how people perceive the concept of planning for aging and frailty, and identified the facilitators and barriers involved in the planning process. Using conventional qualitative content analysis, we used the data from semi-structured interviews of twenty community-dwelling older adults aged 50&amp;ndash;80 years old. Demographic information was obtained, followed by the participant interviews. Seventeen code categories surfaced including six categories in the perception domain (i.e., internal, external, and future-oriented), seven categories in the facilitators domain (i.e., internal, external, and systems), and four categories in the barriers domain (i.e., internal, and systems). The emergent categories included understanding one&amp;rsquo;s perception of planning through a holistic lens, the importance of experiences with self/others as facilitators, and the physical/cognitive/emotional factors that serve as barriers within a larger sphere of societal influence. Planning for aging and frailty is an innovative concept that normalizes the aging process and promotes planning through an awareness of aging across the life-course domains. Future research is warranted for intervention development to help older adults recognize and actively plan for aging and to address the barriers involved. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Planning for Aging and Frailty: A Qualitative Study on Older Adults&amp;rsquo; Perceptions, Facilitators, and Barriers</dc:title> <dc:creator>Erica Frechman</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Harleah Buck</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Mary S. Dietrich</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Bethany A. Rhoten</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Amanda Davis</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Cathy A. Maxwell</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3010006</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-02-02</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-02-02</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>72</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3010006</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/6</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/5"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 59-71: Arbiters of Time: The Experience of Adults Aging with Spinal Cord Injury</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/5</link> <description>Time is a fundamental component of our lives. It is both objective, a structure outside of ourselves, and subjective, an element that is relative to the life we live and how we experience it. The disabled body must come to terms with time to understand the future impact of the injury and its progression, as well as how the injury will impose a new more accelerated aging process in the body, resulting in a compressed lifespan. The body also challenges time&amp;rsquo;s control of the body. This paper extends the literature on the study of time to the experience of adults aging with a spinal cord injury (SCI). Drawing from interviews conducted with adults with long-term SCI, it examines how their narratives about aging and the proactive management of their lives reflect their orientation toward and anticipation of the future. Recognizing that the spoken word often carries a multiplicity of meanings, it considers what participants&amp;rsquo; words might imply about their engagement with time. The results of this study show that the process of aging is characterized by uncertainty and the expectations of functional and health decline, requiring a sense of urgency and vigilance in the face of the uncertain course of aging with SCI. Participants understood that their lifespan was compressed due to the physiological impact of accelerated aging. Knowledge of this compression made time a scarce resource. Yet, despite it being the arbiters of their futures, so too were they the arbiters of time.</description> <pubDate>2023-01-25</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 59-71: Arbiters of Time: The Experience of Adults Aging with Spinal Cord Injury Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/5">doi: 10.3390/jal3010005</a> Authors: Lisa Reber Nasya S. W. Tan Michelle A. Meade Martin Forchheimer Denise G. Tate Philippa Clarke Time is a fundamental component of our lives. It is both objective, a structure outside of ourselves, and subjective, an element that is relative to the life we live and how we experience it. The disabled body must come to terms with time to understand the future impact of the injury and its progression, as well as how the injury will impose a new more accelerated aging process in the body, resulting in a compressed lifespan. The body also challenges time&amp;rsquo;s control of the body. This paper extends the literature on the study of time to the experience of adults aging with a spinal cord injury (SCI). Drawing from interviews conducted with adults with long-term SCI, it examines how their narratives about aging and the proactive management of their lives reflect their orientation toward and anticipation of the future. Recognizing that the spoken word often carries a multiplicity of meanings, it considers what participants&amp;rsquo; words might imply about their engagement with time. The results of this study show that the process of aging is characterized by uncertainty and the expectations of functional and health decline, requiring a sense of urgency and vigilance in the face of the uncertain course of aging with SCI. Participants understood that their lifespan was compressed due to the physiological impact of accelerated aging. Knowledge of this compression made time a scarce resource. Yet, despite it being the arbiters of their futures, so too were they the arbiters of time. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Arbiters of Time: The Experience of Adults Aging with Spinal Cord Injury</dc:title> <dc:creator>Lisa Reber</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Nasya S. W. Tan</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Michelle A. Meade</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Martin Forchheimer</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Denise G. Tate</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Philippa Clarke</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3010005</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-01-25</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-01-25</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>59</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3010005</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/5</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/4"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 46-58: How Families&rsquo; Use of Digital Technology Can Be a Tool for Reducing Loneliness and Improving Food Intake among Older Adults</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/4</link> <description>The purpose of this study was to explore how a technical solution implemented among older adults and connected with an app supervised by an app administrator can reduce loneliness, prevent malnutrition, and inspire social eating and networking. In October 2020, a survey was distributed to 3500 administrators of the one-button computer communication tool Komp. Komp consists of a screen placed with older adults and an app used by the administrator of the tool. The survey addresses aspects that can provide new insights into how older adults can use digital solutions as a link to family and external networks. The study results show that due to COVID-19, 65% of respondents said they used Komp more frequently than before, but only 5% of current use was associated with eating meals together. However, 54% of the app administrators indicated that this could be a good future activity. Furthermore, 88% thought Komp could contribute to more socializing through shared meals. This study elicited almost 1650 constructive comments on experience, use, and recommendations. The study results show that digital solutions can be a link between older adults and their families and external network. Such tools can address needs connected to loneliness, social isolation, and food intake.</description> <pubDate>2023-01-25</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 46-58: How Families&rsquo; Use of Digital Technology Can Be a Tool for Reducing Loneliness and Improving Food Intake among Older Adults Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/4">doi: 10.3390/jal3010004</a> Authors: Ida Synnøve Bårvåg Grini Øydis Ueland The purpose of this study was to explore how a technical solution implemented among older adults and connected with an app supervised by an app administrator can reduce loneliness, prevent malnutrition, and inspire social eating and networking. In October 2020, a survey was distributed to 3500 administrators of the one-button computer communication tool Komp. Komp consists of a screen placed with older adults and an app used by the administrator of the tool. The survey addresses aspects that can provide new insights into how older adults can use digital solutions as a link to family and external networks. The study results show that due to COVID-19, 65% of respondents said they used Komp more frequently than before, but only 5% of current use was associated with eating meals together. However, 54% of the app administrators indicated that this could be a good future activity. Furthermore, 88% thought Komp could contribute to more socializing through shared meals. This study elicited almost 1650 constructive comments on experience, use, and recommendations. The study results show that digital solutions can be a link between older adults and their families and external network. Such tools can address needs connected to loneliness, social isolation, and food intake. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>How Families&amp;rsquo; Use of Digital Technology Can Be a Tool for Reducing Loneliness and Improving Food Intake among Older Adults</dc:title> <dc:creator>Ida Synnøve Bårvåg Grini</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Øydis Ueland</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3010004</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-01-25</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-01-25</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>46</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3010004</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/4</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/3"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 33-45: Association between Malnutrition Risk Factors and Physical Function in Community-Dwelling Adults &ge;80 Years</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/3</link> <description>Malnutrition is associated with accelerated loss of physical function in old adults, but the assessment of malnutrition in primary prevention is challenging. This study aimed to investigate if malnutrition risk factors; poor appetite, dysphagia, and poor dental state, were associated with reduced physical function in community-dwelling adults &amp;ge;80 years. The study is based on data from two cross-sectional studies. Physical function was assessed by the Short Physical Performance Battery (score &amp;le; 9 indicate reduced physical function) and poor appetite, dysphagia and poor dental status was assessed by single questions. A total of 900 participants were included (age 85.1 &amp;plusmn; 3.7 years; 60.9% females; 62.8% had reduced physical function). Participants with reduced physical function were older, had a higher BMI, more polypharmacy, more falls, and lower quality of life. Poor appetite was reported by 10.8% and associated with reduced physical function (adjusted-OR 1.93, 95%CI 1.18&amp;ndash;3.15). No association was identified between dysphagia, poor dental state and reduced physical function (adjusted-OR 0.96, 95%CI 0.53&amp;ndash;1.75 and adjusted-OR 0.99, 95%CI 0.41&amp;ndash;2.35, respectively). The assessment of appetite during primary preventive strategies was feasible and may offer an opportunity for identification of very old community-dwelling adults at risk of reduced physical function.</description> <pubDate>2023-01-06</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 33-45: Association between Malnutrition Risk Factors and Physical Function in Community-Dwelling Adults &ge;80 Years Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/3">doi: 10.3390/jal3010003</a> Authors: Sussi F. Buhl Pia Ø. Olsen Trine Thilsing Paolo Caserotti Malnutrition is associated with accelerated loss of physical function in old adults, but the assessment of malnutrition in primary prevention is challenging. This study aimed to investigate if malnutrition risk factors; poor appetite, dysphagia, and poor dental state, were associated with reduced physical function in community-dwelling adults &amp;ge;80 years. The study is based on data from two cross-sectional studies. Physical function was assessed by the Short Physical Performance Battery (score &amp;le; 9 indicate reduced physical function) and poor appetite, dysphagia and poor dental status was assessed by single questions. A total of 900 participants were included (age 85.1 &amp;plusmn; 3.7 years; 60.9% females; 62.8% had reduced physical function). Participants with reduced physical function were older, had a higher BMI, more polypharmacy, more falls, and lower quality of life. Poor appetite was reported by 10.8% and associated with reduced physical function (adjusted-OR 1.93, 95%CI 1.18&amp;ndash;3.15). No association was identified between dysphagia, poor dental state and reduced physical function (adjusted-OR 0.96, 95%CI 0.53&amp;ndash;1.75 and adjusted-OR 0.99, 95%CI 0.41&amp;ndash;2.35, respectively). The assessment of appetite during primary preventive strategies was feasible and may offer an opportunity for identification of very old community-dwelling adults at risk of reduced physical function. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Association between Malnutrition Risk Factors and Physical Function in Community-Dwelling Adults &amp;ge;80 Years</dc:title> <dc:creator>Sussi F. Buhl</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Pia Ø. Olsen</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Trine Thilsing</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Paolo Caserotti</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3010003</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2023-01-06</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2023-01-06</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>33</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3010003</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/3</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/2"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 11-32: Qualitative Study on Important Elements of Life for Japanese and Thai Older Adults</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/2</link> <description>Previous studies have demonstrated relationships between religiosity, physical and mental health-related outcomes, and healthy collective longevity. This qualitative study investigated the elements of pleasure and fulfillment in older adults living in the super-aged society of Japan and the rapidly super-aging society of Thailand. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 older adults&amp;mdash;seven from Japan, and seven from Thailand, covering five topics: (1) pleasures in daily life; (2) purpose in daily life; (3) thoughts about aging; (4) things they do actively for their health; and (5) things they worry about. Data were analyzed using the Steps for Coding and Theorization method. Japanese older adults mostly engaged in individually accomplished pleasures, whereas Thai older adults aimed to experience pleasures involving others. Thai older adults viewed aging as a natural phenomenon and stressed the importance of self-regulation. The Japanese participants, however, focused on activities that would avoid the burden of long-term care, maintain their current lifestyle, and help with self-improvement and lifetime learning. Although Thai older adults derived pleasure and fulfillment from being helpful toward others, Japanese older adults&amp;rsquo; narratives indicated that they tended to worry about others. Differences between the two countries&amp;rsquo; lifestyles, environments, beliefs, and religious contexts explain the differences in the mechanisms by which Japanese and Thai older adults experience joy, fulfillment, and purpose in life. These results suggest ways to improve quality of life, extend healthy life expectancy, and prevent cognitive decline in older adults thriving in aging societies.</description> <pubDate>2022-12-30</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 11-32: Qualitative Study on Important Elements of Life for Japanese and Thai Older Adults Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/2">doi: 10.3390/jal3010002</a> Authors: Nobuko Shimizu Takako Yamada Nobuyuki Honda Miyako Mochizuki Mayumi Kato Noboru Hasegawa Hunsa Sethabouppha Nattaya Suwankruhasn Chalinee Suvanayos Previous studies have demonstrated relationships between religiosity, physical and mental health-related outcomes, and healthy collective longevity. This qualitative study investigated the elements of pleasure and fulfillment in older adults living in the super-aged society of Japan and the rapidly super-aging society of Thailand. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 older adults&amp;mdash;seven from Japan, and seven from Thailand, covering five topics: (1) pleasures in daily life; (2) purpose in daily life; (3) thoughts about aging; (4) things they do actively for their health; and (5) things they worry about. Data were analyzed using the Steps for Coding and Theorization method. Japanese older adults mostly engaged in individually accomplished pleasures, whereas Thai older adults aimed to experience pleasures involving others. Thai older adults viewed aging as a natural phenomenon and stressed the importance of self-regulation. The Japanese participants, however, focused on activities that would avoid the burden of long-term care, maintain their current lifestyle, and help with self-improvement and lifetime learning. Although Thai older adults derived pleasure and fulfillment from being helpful toward others, Japanese older adults&amp;rsquo; narratives indicated that they tended to worry about others. Differences between the two countries&amp;rsquo; lifestyles, environments, beliefs, and religious contexts explain the differences in the mechanisms by which Japanese and Thai older adults experience joy, fulfillment, and purpose in life. These results suggest ways to improve quality of life, extend healthy life expectancy, and prevent cognitive decline in older adults thriving in aging societies. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Qualitative Study on Important Elements of Life for Japanese and Thai Older Adults</dc:title> <dc:creator>Nobuko Shimizu</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Takako Yamada</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Nobuyuki Honda</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Miyako Mochizuki</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Mayumi Kato</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Noboru Hasegawa</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Hunsa Sethabouppha</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Nattaya Suwankruhasn</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Chalinee Suvanayos</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3010002</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-12-30</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-12-30</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>11</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3010002</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/2</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/1"> <title>JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 1-10: Higher Frequencies of T-Cells Expressing NK-Cell Markers and Chemokine Receptors in Parkinson&rsquo;s Disease</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/1</link> <description>Immune cells are thought to be involved in a destructive cycle of sterile cerebral inflammatory responses in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s Disease (PD). Despite their peripheral origin, immune cells may enter the CNS due to impaired blood&amp;ndash;brain barrier function and may potentially contribute to neuronal damage. Hence, specific characteristics of peripherally activated immune cells could help in understanding neurodegeneration in PD and could potentially serve as accessible disease markers. To investigate immune cell activation status, the expression of receptors for cell surface molecules CD161, NKG2A, NKG2C and NKG2D as well as chemokine receptors CCR6, CXCR2, CXCR3 and CCR5 associated with neurodegenerative diseases was investigated. The frequencies of peripheral CD8+ T-cells expressing the inhibitory and activating receptors NKG2A and NKG2C, and the activating receptor NKG2D were higher in PD patients than in healthy matched controls. The frequencies of NKG2C+CD8&amp;minus; cells were also higher, whereas the frequencies of CD161+ cells were not significantly different. Of the chemokine receptor-expressing cells, only the proportion of CD4&amp;minus;CD56+CCR5+ T-cells was higher in PD patients than in the controls. These observations support the hypothesis that an imbalance in the activation state of T-cells plays a role in the pathological processes of PD and suggest that peripheral blood immune cell phenotypes could be specific early markers for inflammation in PD.</description> <pubDate>2022-12-22</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 3, Pages 1-10: Higher Frequencies of T-Cells Expressing NK-Cell Markers and Chemokine Receptors in Parkinson&rsquo;s Disease Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/1">doi: 10.3390/jal3010001</a> Authors: David Goldeck Claudia Schulte Marcia Cristina Teixeira dos Santos Dieter Scheller Lilly Öttinger Graham Pawelec Christian Deuschle Daniela Berg Andre Nogueira da Costa Walter Maetzler Immune cells are thought to be involved in a destructive cycle of sterile cerebral inflammatory responses in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s Disease (PD). Despite their peripheral origin, immune cells may enter the CNS due to impaired blood&amp;ndash;brain barrier function and may potentially contribute to neuronal damage. Hence, specific characteristics of peripherally activated immune cells could help in understanding neurodegeneration in PD and could potentially serve as accessible disease markers. To investigate immune cell activation status, the expression of receptors for cell surface molecules CD161, NKG2A, NKG2C and NKG2D as well as chemokine receptors CCR6, CXCR2, CXCR3 and CCR5 associated with neurodegenerative diseases was investigated. The frequencies of peripheral CD8+ T-cells expressing the inhibitory and activating receptors NKG2A and NKG2C, and the activating receptor NKG2D were higher in PD patients than in healthy matched controls. The frequencies of NKG2C+CD8&amp;minus; cells were also higher, whereas the frequencies of CD161+ cells were not significantly different. Of the chemokine receptor-expressing cells, only the proportion of CD4&amp;minus;CD56+CCR5+ T-cells was higher in PD patients than in the controls. These observations support the hypothesis that an imbalance in the activation state of T-cells plays a role in the pathological processes of PD and suggest that peripheral blood immune cell phenotypes could be specific early markers for inflammation in PD. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Higher Frequencies of T-Cells Expressing NK-Cell Markers and Chemokine Receptors in Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s Disease</dc:title> <dc:creator>David Goldeck</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Claudia Schulte</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Marcia Cristina Teixeira dos Santos</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Dieter Scheller</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Lilly Öttinger</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Graham Pawelec</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Christian Deuschle</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Daniela Berg</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Andre Nogueira da Costa</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Walter Maetzler</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal3010001</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-12-22</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-12-22</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>3</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>1</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal3010001</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/3/1/1</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/28"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 340-350: Factors Associated with Annual Influenza Vaccination Uptake in U.S. Older Adults from 2019 to 2020</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/28</link> <description>Annual influenza vaccination is important for older adults to prevent morbidity and mortality from seasonal influenza. Although the United States has had limited success in increasing influenza vaccination, the rise of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 may have changed older adults&amp;rsquo; approach to vaccination. The objective of this study is to determine factors associated with influenza vaccination in 2019 and 2020 and compare their degree of associations across the two years. Data from the 2019 and 2020 National Health Interview Survey, a nationally representative cross-sectional interview, were collected for variables relating to annual influenza vaccination and possible associated factors. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression. The results show that never having received a vaccination for pneumonia increased the odds of receiving an influenza vaccination by 6.79&amp;ndash;7.80 times. Recent specialist care for eye or oral health significantly increased the odds of receiving an influenza vaccination. Being a smoker, identifying as African American, and considering oneself to have excellent overall health were associated with significantly lower odds of receiving a vaccination. Although self-reported feelings of anxiety were not associated with vaccination in 2019, they increased the odds in 2020. Overall, influenza vaccination in older adults may be tied to reliable healthcare access and perceived susceptibility to infectious respiratory diseases.</description> <pubDate>2022-12-17</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 340-350: Factors Associated with Annual Influenza Vaccination Uptake in U.S. Older Adults from 2019 to 2020 Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/28">doi: 10.3390/jal2040028</a> Authors: Margaret Anne Lovier Roger Wong Annual influenza vaccination is important for older adults to prevent morbidity and mortality from seasonal influenza. Although the United States has had limited success in increasing influenza vaccination, the rise of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 may have changed older adults&amp;rsquo; approach to vaccination. The objective of this study is to determine factors associated with influenza vaccination in 2019 and 2020 and compare their degree of associations across the two years. Data from the 2019 and 2020 National Health Interview Survey, a nationally representative cross-sectional interview, were collected for variables relating to annual influenza vaccination and possible associated factors. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression. The results show that never having received a vaccination for pneumonia increased the odds of receiving an influenza vaccination by 6.79&amp;ndash;7.80 times. Recent specialist care for eye or oral health significantly increased the odds of receiving an influenza vaccination. Being a smoker, identifying as African American, and considering oneself to have excellent overall health were associated with significantly lower odds of receiving a vaccination. Although self-reported feelings of anxiety were not associated with vaccination in 2019, they increased the odds in 2020. Overall, influenza vaccination in older adults may be tied to reliable healthcare access and perceived susceptibility to infectious respiratory diseases. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Factors Associated with Annual Influenza Vaccination Uptake in U.S. Older Adults from 2019 to 2020</dc:title> <dc:creator>Margaret Anne Lovier</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Roger Wong</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2040028</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-12-17</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-12-17</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>340</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2040028</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/28</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/27"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 326-339: Loneliness in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Neglected Factor in Accelerated Aging?</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/27</link> <description>Prior research suggests that people with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) may experience a form of accelerated biological aging. In other populations, loneliness has been shown to elevate risk for many of the same components of accelerated biological aging, and other deleterious outcomes, as seen in people with PTSD. Although standard diagnostic criteria for PTSD include &amp;ldquo;feelings of detachment or estrangement from others&amp;rdquo;, the relationship of such feelings to the concept of loneliness remains uncertain, in par potentially due to a failure to distinguish between loneliness versus objective social isolation. In order to catalyze wider research attention to loneliness in PTSD, and the potential contribution to accelerated biological aging, the present paper provides three components: (1) a conceptual overview of the relevant constructs and potential interrelationships, (2) a review of the limited extant empirical literature, and (3) suggested directions for future research. The existing empirical literature is too small to support many definitive conclusions, but there is evidence of an association between loneliness and symptoms of PTSD. The nature of this association may be complex, and the causal direction(s) uncertain. Guided by the conceptual overview and review of existing literature, we also highlight key areas for further research. The ultimate goal of this line of work is to elucidate mechanisms underlying any link between loneliness and accelerated aging in PTSD, and to develop, validate, and refine prevention and treatment efforts.</description> <pubDate>2022-12-09</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 326-339: Loneliness in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Neglected Factor in Accelerated Aging? Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/27">doi: 10.3390/jal2040027</a> Authors: Barton W. Palmer Mariam A. Hussain James B. Lohr Prior research suggests that people with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) may experience a form of accelerated biological aging. In other populations, loneliness has been shown to elevate risk for many of the same components of accelerated biological aging, and other deleterious outcomes, as seen in people with PTSD. Although standard diagnostic criteria for PTSD include &amp;ldquo;feelings of detachment or estrangement from others&amp;rdquo;, the relationship of such feelings to the concept of loneliness remains uncertain, in par potentially due to a failure to distinguish between loneliness versus objective social isolation. In order to catalyze wider research attention to loneliness in PTSD, and the potential contribution to accelerated biological aging, the present paper provides three components: (1) a conceptual overview of the relevant constructs and potential interrelationships, (2) a review of the limited extant empirical literature, and (3) suggested directions for future research. The existing empirical literature is too small to support many definitive conclusions, but there is evidence of an association between loneliness and symptoms of PTSD. The nature of this association may be complex, and the causal direction(s) uncertain. Guided by the conceptual overview and review of existing literature, we also highlight key areas for further research. The ultimate goal of this line of work is to elucidate mechanisms underlying any link between loneliness and accelerated aging in PTSD, and to develop, validate, and refine prevention and treatment efforts. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Loneliness in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Neglected Factor in Accelerated Aging?</dc:title> <dc:creator>Barton W. Palmer</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Mariam A. Hussain</dc:creator> <dc:creator>James B. Lohr</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2040027</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-12-09</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-12-09</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>326</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2040027</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/27</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/26"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 316-325: Healthcare Professionals&rsquo; Perspectives on the Outgoing Geriatric Team: A Qualitative Explorative Study</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/26</link> <description>The need for communication and collaboration increases when an older patient is discharged from the hospital, as the transition of care is complex for older patients living with multiple concurrent diseases. An intervention: The outgoing geriatric team was developed and initiated to address these patients&amp;rsquo; complex needs. The outgoing geriatric team aimed to collaborate with healthcare professionals at a skilled nursing facility. This study explored how the intervention was experienced by the healthcare professionals from both the outgoing geriatric team and the skilled nursing facility. The study employed a qualitative explorative design using semi-structured interviews. Fourteen healthcare professionals participated in the interviews. Data were analyzed using Braun and Clark&amp;rsquo;s thematic analysis. Three themes emerged: (1) The need for personal contact and communication; (2) the need for competent care and sensitive observation; and (3) the need for clarification of responsibilities. The study emphasized the importance of meeting face-to-face during cross-sectoral collaboration when treating and caring for patients with complex care needs.</description> <pubDate>2022-12-09</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 316-325: Healthcare Professionals&rsquo; Perspectives on the Outgoing Geriatric Team: A Qualitative Explorative Study Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/26">doi: 10.3390/jal2040026</a> Authors: Sanne Have Beck Dorthe Susanne Nielsen The need for communication and collaboration increases when an older patient is discharged from the hospital, as the transition of care is complex for older patients living with multiple concurrent diseases. An intervention: The outgoing geriatric team was developed and initiated to address these patients&amp;rsquo; complex needs. The outgoing geriatric team aimed to collaborate with healthcare professionals at a skilled nursing facility. This study explored how the intervention was experienced by the healthcare professionals from both the outgoing geriatric team and the skilled nursing facility. The study employed a qualitative explorative design using semi-structured interviews. Fourteen healthcare professionals participated in the interviews. Data were analyzed using Braun and Clark&amp;rsquo;s thematic analysis. Three themes emerged: (1) The need for personal contact and communication; (2) the need for competent care and sensitive observation; and (3) the need for clarification of responsibilities. The study emphasized the importance of meeting face-to-face during cross-sectoral collaboration when treating and caring for patients with complex care needs. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Healthcare Professionals&amp;rsquo; Perspectives on the Outgoing Geriatric Team: A Qualitative Explorative Study</dc:title> <dc:creator>Sanne Have Beck</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Dorthe Susanne Nielsen</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2040026</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-12-09</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-12-09</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>316</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2040026</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/26</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/25"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 304-315: Socio-Cultural Factors Influencing the Perception and Management of Meningitis among Older Patients and Their Caregivers</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/25</link> <description>Limited studies have investigated the socio-cultural factors influencing the management and control of Meningococcal Meningitis among older adults in Northern Nigeria. This study explored the lived experiences of older individuals with Meningococcal Meningitis and relationships with their caregivers in the Kaiama Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria. Twenty (20) Meningococcal Meningitis patients aged 65+, their caregivers, and three (3) traditional healers were purposely selected for in-depth interviews. Results show that some older adults believed that their health conditions were caused by supernatural forces, thereby influencing the scope and type of care they receive. For such participants, traditional treatment options are fundamental for addressing the root causes of their ailment. Few participants mentioned that their health conditions were caused by excessive heat in their community and were more likely to consider biomedical treatments as the most effective for diagnosing, treating, and managing the ailment. Additionally, Meningococcal Meningitis might have caused physical, cognitive, and psychological frailties and impairments among the older patients, compelling family caregivers to support the older adult patients in their homes. We discuss the need for a policy that would benefit both those who care for older adults and the older adults themselves.</description> <pubDate>2022-12-02</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 304-315: Socio-Cultural Factors Influencing the Perception and Management of Meningitis among Older Patients and Their Caregivers Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/25">doi: 10.3390/jal2040025</a> Authors: Kafayat Mahmoud Moshood Issah Darlingtina Esiaka Limited studies have investigated the socio-cultural factors influencing the management and control of Meningococcal Meningitis among older adults in Northern Nigeria. This study explored the lived experiences of older individuals with Meningococcal Meningitis and relationships with their caregivers in the Kaiama Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria. Twenty (20) Meningococcal Meningitis patients aged 65+, their caregivers, and three (3) traditional healers were purposely selected for in-depth interviews. Results show that some older adults believed that their health conditions were caused by supernatural forces, thereby influencing the scope and type of care they receive. For such participants, traditional treatment options are fundamental for addressing the root causes of their ailment. Few participants mentioned that their health conditions were caused by excessive heat in their community and were more likely to consider biomedical treatments as the most effective for diagnosing, treating, and managing the ailment. Additionally, Meningococcal Meningitis might have caused physical, cognitive, and psychological frailties and impairments among the older patients, compelling family caregivers to support the older adult patients in their homes. We discuss the need for a policy that would benefit both those who care for older adults and the older adults themselves. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Socio-Cultural Factors Influencing the Perception and Management of Meningitis among Older Patients and Their Caregivers</dc:title> <dc:creator>Kafayat Mahmoud</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Moshood Issah</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Darlingtina Esiaka</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2040025</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-12-02</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-12-02</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>304</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2040025</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/25</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/24"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 293-303: Incarcerated Brazilian Elderly: Memories about Family</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/24</link> <description>This article aims to analyze the memories of incarcerated elderly people about family. This is an exploratory and analytical study, with a qualitative approach, carried out in three prison units in Bahia, with 31 incarcerated elderly people, through semi-structured interview. Most are male (30), between 60 to 65-years-old (21), married (12) and with three to four children (10). The results show that the 10 most evoked words were: family; sons; mom; father; women; life; cry; today; brothers; and longing. The study showed that the family constitution is maintained because the experiences that are symbolized in it have socially crystallized definitions as references. Anchored by social frames of memories that remain, since they remain alive in the groups and are permanently maintained. It was also found that the family plays an extremely important role in their lives and that the mother is the central point of this family.</description> <pubDate>2022-11-30</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 293-303: Incarcerated Brazilian Elderly: Memories about Family Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/24">doi: 10.3390/jal2040024</a> Authors: Pollyanna Lima Alessandra Oliveira Luana Reis Arianna Lopes Elaine Santana Thaiza Nobre Luciana Reis This article aims to analyze the memories of incarcerated elderly people about family. This is an exploratory and analytical study, with a qualitative approach, carried out in three prison units in Bahia, with 31 incarcerated elderly people, through semi-structured interview. Most are male (30), between 60 to 65-years-old (21), married (12) and with three to four children (10). The results show that the 10 most evoked words were: family; sons; mom; father; women; life; cry; today; brothers; and longing. The study showed that the family constitution is maintained because the experiences that are symbolized in it have socially crystallized definitions as references. Anchored by social frames of memories that remain, since they remain alive in the groups and are permanently maintained. It was also found that the family plays an extremely important role in their lives and that the mother is the central point of this family. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Incarcerated Brazilian Elderly: Memories about Family</dc:title> <dc:creator>Pollyanna Lima</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Alessandra Oliveira</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Luana Reis</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Arianna Lopes</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Elaine Santana</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Thaiza Nobre</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Luciana Reis</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2040024</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-11-30</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-11-30</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>293</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2040024</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/24</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/23"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 277-292: Multivariate Analysis of Risk Factors for Cerebral Infarction Based on Specific Health Checkups in Japan</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/23</link> <description>Stroke is a progressive disease with remissions and exacerbations; it significantly reduces the quality of life of patients and their family and caregivers. Primary prevention is necessary to reduce the growing incidence of stroke globally. In this study, we determined the risk factors for cerebral infarction in elderly Japanese residents and proposed a primary care strategy to prevent cerebral infarction. We investigated the relationship between the incidence of cerebral infarction and the results of checkups 10 years ago. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the variables related to the occurrence of cerebral infarction in biochemical tests and questionnaires administered ten years ago. Hypertension and abnormal creatinine levels were related to increased risk of cerebral infarction based on our findings of the health checkups conducted 10 years previously. Furthermore, weight gain or loss of &amp;gt;3 kg over the last year and habit of eating an evening meal within 2 h before going to bed were associated with an increased risk of cerebral infarction based on the questionnaire results from the specific health checkups. Long-term, large-scale prospective studies are required to determine the specific health items related to increased risk of cerebral infarction.</description> <pubDate>2022-11-12</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 277-292: Multivariate Analysis of Risk Factors for Cerebral Infarction Based on Specific Health Checkups in Japan Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/23">doi: 10.3390/jal2040023</a> Authors: Yoh Tamaki Yoshimune Hiratsuka Toshiro Kumakawa Stroke is a progressive disease with remissions and exacerbations; it significantly reduces the quality of life of patients and their family and caregivers. Primary prevention is necessary to reduce the growing incidence of stroke globally. In this study, we determined the risk factors for cerebral infarction in elderly Japanese residents and proposed a primary care strategy to prevent cerebral infarction. We investigated the relationship between the incidence of cerebral infarction and the results of checkups 10 years ago. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the variables related to the occurrence of cerebral infarction in biochemical tests and questionnaires administered ten years ago. Hypertension and abnormal creatinine levels were related to increased risk of cerebral infarction based on our findings of the health checkups conducted 10 years previously. Furthermore, weight gain or loss of &amp;gt;3 kg over the last year and habit of eating an evening meal within 2 h before going to bed were associated with an increased risk of cerebral infarction based on the questionnaire results from the specific health checkups. Long-term, large-scale prospective studies are required to determine the specific health items related to increased risk of cerebral infarction. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Multivariate Analysis of Risk Factors for Cerebral Infarction Based on Specific Health Checkups in Japan</dc:title> <dc:creator>Yoh Tamaki</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Yoshimune Hiratsuka</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Toshiro Kumakawa</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2040023</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-11-12</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-11-12</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>277</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2040023</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/23</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/22"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 266-276: Death Education among Social Science College Students: The Good, the Bad, and the Unchanged</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/22</link> <description>Personal identity is often dictated by the social roles a person fulfills (e.g., mother, son, partner, employee, etc.) and these social roles are defined by the greater family unit and surrounding social environments. Monumental events, such as death, often change a person&amp;rsquo;s social roles and demand a reorganization of the family unit. To provide comprehensive end-of-life care, human services professionals become an integral piece of care provisions as they are trained in serving the mothers, fathers, and children of the world, more so than treating the biological aspects of illness. It is for this reason that understanding the impacts of education on social science majors is important. To date, research on the effects of end-of-life education has largely focused on the negative affect among those in healthcare-related programs, leaving gaps in the literature surrounding the impacts, both negative and positive, of death education on future human services professionals. The current study explores pre&amp;ndash;post semester changes in negative and positive affect among social science students (n = 92) enrolled in courses focused on end-of-life compared to those in an aging and human services-focused courses. Using paired and individual samples t-tests, within- and between-group changes were explored. Students in the experimental group reported lower death anxiety scores post-semester (M = 4.34, 95% CI [2.60, 6.08], t(74) = 4.97, p &amp;lt; 0.05), but this was not the case for the control group. Between group differences revealed that students in the experimental group displayed a greater decrease in fear of others dying (x = 4.08, sd = 6.23) than those in the control group (x = 1.24, sd = 0.95) and they reported larger increases in subjective happiness by an average of 0.61 points (sd = 2.42) when compared to those in the control group who reported an average increase of 0.10 points (sd = 2.45). Findings are discussed in terms of within- and between-group differences and suggestions for future research are provided.</description> <pubDate>2022-10-22</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 266-276: Death Education among Social Science College Students: The Good, the Bad, and the Unchanged Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/22">doi: 10.3390/jal2040022</a> Authors: Jennifer Zorotovich Adrienne Lynn Cohen Personal identity is often dictated by the social roles a person fulfills (e.g., mother, son, partner, employee, etc.) and these social roles are defined by the greater family unit and surrounding social environments. Monumental events, such as death, often change a person&amp;rsquo;s social roles and demand a reorganization of the family unit. To provide comprehensive end-of-life care, human services professionals become an integral piece of care provisions as they are trained in serving the mothers, fathers, and children of the world, more so than treating the biological aspects of illness. It is for this reason that understanding the impacts of education on social science majors is important. To date, research on the effects of end-of-life education has largely focused on the negative affect among those in healthcare-related programs, leaving gaps in the literature surrounding the impacts, both negative and positive, of death education on future human services professionals. The current study explores pre&amp;ndash;post semester changes in negative and positive affect among social science students (n = 92) enrolled in courses focused on end-of-life compared to those in an aging and human services-focused courses. Using paired and individual samples t-tests, within- and between-group changes were explored. Students in the experimental group reported lower death anxiety scores post-semester (M = 4.34, 95% CI [2.60, 6.08], t(74) = 4.97, p &amp;lt; 0.05), but this was not the case for the control group. Between group differences revealed that students in the experimental group displayed a greater decrease in fear of others dying (x = 4.08, sd = 6.23) than those in the control group (x = 1.24, sd = 0.95) and they reported larger increases in subjective happiness by an average of 0.61 points (sd = 2.42) when compared to those in the control group who reported an average increase of 0.10 points (sd = 2.45). Findings are discussed in terms of within- and between-group differences and suggestions for future research are provided. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Death Education among Social Science College Students: The Good, the Bad, and the Unchanged</dc:title> <dc:creator>Jennifer Zorotovich</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Adrienne Lynn Cohen</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2040022</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-10-22</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-10-22</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>266</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2040022</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/22</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/21"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 252-265: Sociodemographic Associations of Dementia Literacy in Older Australians</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/21</link> <description>Recent levels of dementia literacy in older Australian adults remains relatively unexplored. Our purpose was to identify whether dementia literacy has changed in older Australians, sociodemographic characteristics associated with better literacy, and barriers to dementia risk reduction. A 32-item adapted British Social Attitudes Survey was administered to 834 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 73.3, SD = 6.0, range 65&amp;ndash;94) on dementia awareness and knowledge of dementia risk and protective factors. Descriptive analyses, logistic, and multiple linear regressions were used to examine sociodemographic factors on dementia awareness and literacy. Most respondents (61%) were aware of the relationship between different lifestyle factors and dementia risk, with the majority reporting cognitive (85.0%) and physical inactivity (83.4%) as key risk factors. Few were able to identify less well-known factors (e.g., chronic kidney disease; 15.8%). Individuals with higher educational attainment were more likely to agree that dementia is modifiable (OR 1.228, 95% CI 1.02&amp;ndash;1.47). Younger age (&amp;beta; = &amp;minus;0.089, 95% CI &amp;minus;0.736&amp;ndash;&amp;minus;0.065, p = 0.019) was significantly associated with a higher number of correctly-identified dementia risk factors. Lack of knowledge was the key barrier to hindering dementia risk reduction. A tailored, evidence-informed, population-based lifespan approach targeting dementia literacy may help alleviate commonly reported barriers and support dementia risk reduction.</description> <pubDate>2022-09-27</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 252-265: Sociodemographic Associations of Dementia Literacy in Older Australians Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/21">doi: 10.3390/jal2040021</a> Authors: Joyce Siette Laura Dodds Recent levels of dementia literacy in older Australian adults remains relatively unexplored. Our purpose was to identify whether dementia literacy has changed in older Australians, sociodemographic characteristics associated with better literacy, and barriers to dementia risk reduction. A 32-item adapted British Social Attitudes Survey was administered to 834 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 73.3, SD = 6.0, range 65&amp;ndash;94) on dementia awareness and knowledge of dementia risk and protective factors. Descriptive analyses, logistic, and multiple linear regressions were used to examine sociodemographic factors on dementia awareness and literacy. Most respondents (61%) were aware of the relationship between different lifestyle factors and dementia risk, with the majority reporting cognitive (85.0%) and physical inactivity (83.4%) as key risk factors. Few were able to identify less well-known factors (e.g., chronic kidney disease; 15.8%). Individuals with higher educational attainment were more likely to agree that dementia is modifiable (OR 1.228, 95% CI 1.02&amp;ndash;1.47). Younger age (&amp;beta; = &amp;minus;0.089, 95% CI &amp;minus;0.736&amp;ndash;&amp;minus;0.065, p = 0.019) was significantly associated with a higher number of correctly-identified dementia risk factors. Lack of knowledge was the key barrier to hindering dementia risk reduction. A tailored, evidence-informed, population-based lifespan approach targeting dementia literacy may help alleviate commonly reported barriers and support dementia risk reduction. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Sociodemographic Associations of Dementia Literacy in Older Australians</dc:title> <dc:creator>Joyce Siette</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Laura Dodds</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2040021</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-09-27</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-09-27</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>4</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>252</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2040021</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/4/21</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/20"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 240-251: In-Clinic Measurements of Vascular Risk and Brain Activity</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/20</link> <description>Background: Cardiovascular disease and dementia represent two health problems that may be causally connected. Studies have shown patients with dementia to have reduced cardiovascular health measures, where patients with dementia also have reduced electrophysiological brain activity as measured by event-related potentials (ERP&amp;rsquo;s). Few studies have attempted to correlate the two: cardiovascular health and ERP brain activity. The objective of this study is to determine if there are ERP differences between patients with lower versus higher measures of cardiovascular risk. Methods: For 180 patients ages 53 (16) years, Audio P300 ERP amplitudes and latencies (speeds) were measured upon initial patient visit alongside other clinical evaluations. Cardiovascular risk was categorized into good versus poor levels for blood pressure resting and stressed, E/A Ratio, atherosclerosis, and carotid intima-media thickness. Results: Groups with good levels had lower latencies (faster P300&amp;prime;s) and higher amplitudes than those with poor levels across all cardiovascular risk measures, significant to p &amp;lt; 0.05 for most parameters. While both cardiovascular health and P300 metrics decline with age, poor blood pressure and plaque was seen to affect P300 performance across all age groups in this study. Conclusion: These data suggest correlation between brain activity, as measured by the P300, and five standard measures of cardiovascular health and this correlation may begin at an early age. While further explorations are warranted, these results could have implications on the management of preventative medicine by bringing preventative cardiology and brain health together.</description> <pubDate>2022-08-26</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 240-251: In-Clinic Measurements of Vascular Risk and Brain Activity Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/20">doi: 10.3390/jal2030020</a> Authors: Jeffrey Boone Anna H. Davids David Joffe Francesca Arese Lucini David S. Oakley Madeleine J. Oakley Matthew Peterson Background: Cardiovascular disease and dementia represent two health problems that may be causally connected. Studies have shown patients with dementia to have reduced cardiovascular health measures, where patients with dementia also have reduced electrophysiological brain activity as measured by event-related potentials (ERP&amp;rsquo;s). Few studies have attempted to correlate the two: cardiovascular health and ERP brain activity. The objective of this study is to determine if there are ERP differences between patients with lower versus higher measures of cardiovascular risk. Methods: For 180 patients ages 53 (16) years, Audio P300 ERP amplitudes and latencies (speeds) were measured upon initial patient visit alongside other clinical evaluations. Cardiovascular risk was categorized into good versus poor levels for blood pressure resting and stressed, E/A Ratio, atherosclerosis, and carotid intima-media thickness. Results: Groups with good levels had lower latencies (faster P300&amp;prime;s) and higher amplitudes than those with poor levels across all cardiovascular risk measures, significant to p &amp;lt; 0.05 for most parameters. While both cardiovascular health and P300 metrics decline with age, poor blood pressure and plaque was seen to affect P300 performance across all age groups in this study. Conclusion: These data suggest correlation between brain activity, as measured by the P300, and five standard measures of cardiovascular health and this correlation may begin at an early age. While further explorations are warranted, these results could have implications on the management of preventative medicine by bringing preventative cardiology and brain health together. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>In-Clinic Measurements of Vascular Risk and Brain Activity</dc:title> <dc:creator>Jeffrey Boone</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Anna H. Davids</dc:creator> <dc:creator>David Joffe</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Francesca Arese Lucini</dc:creator> <dc:creator>David S. Oakley</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Madeleine J. Oakley</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Matthew Peterson</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2030020</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-08-26</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-08-26</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>240</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2030020</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/20</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/19"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 228-239: Social Representations of Violence among Brazilian Older People with Functional Dependence</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/19</link> <description>Elder abuse is a multifactorial public health issue deeply affected by silence and discrimination. This paper aims to analyze the social representations of violence among older people with functional dependence based on the theory of social representations. A qualitative exploratory&amp;ndash;descriptive study was conducted with a sample of 21 older people enrolled in a home-based program in Vit&amp;oacute;ria da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil. A sociodemographic survey and an interview script were used for data collection. The data were analyzed using the content analysis technique and QSR NVivo&amp;reg; software. Concerning the social representations of violence, older people&amp;rsquo;s narratives revealed a broad perception of the phenomenon through the following categories: multivariate phenomenon, ageism, neglect, and denial. The identification of the subtle forms of violence against older people and the exploration of this issue from the perspective of these vulnerable people can contribute to the production of new knowledge and the creation of mechanisms by which to raise awareness of and prevent this issue, as well as to break the silence surrounding it through reporting.</description> <pubDate>2022-08-04</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 228-239: Social Representations of Violence among Brazilian Older People with Functional Dependence Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/19">doi: 10.3390/jal2030019</a> Authors: Elaine Santana Rosa Silva Joana Bernardo Ricardo Loureiro Isabel Gil Tatiana Mestre Luciana Reis Elder abuse is a multifactorial public health issue deeply affected by silence and discrimination. This paper aims to analyze the social representations of violence among older people with functional dependence based on the theory of social representations. A qualitative exploratory&amp;ndash;descriptive study was conducted with a sample of 21 older people enrolled in a home-based program in Vit&amp;oacute;ria da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil. A sociodemographic survey and an interview script were used for data collection. The data were analyzed using the content analysis technique and QSR NVivo&amp;reg; software. Concerning the social representations of violence, older people&amp;rsquo;s narratives revealed a broad perception of the phenomenon through the following categories: multivariate phenomenon, ageism, neglect, and denial. The identification of the subtle forms of violence against older people and the exploration of this issue from the perspective of these vulnerable people can contribute to the production of new knowledge and the creation of mechanisms by which to raise awareness of and prevent this issue, as well as to break the silence surrounding it through reporting. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Social Representations of Violence among Brazilian Older People with Functional Dependence</dc:title> <dc:creator>Elaine Santana</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Rosa Silva</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Joana Bernardo</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Ricardo Loureiro</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Isabel Gil</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Tatiana Mestre</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Luciana Reis</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2030019</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-08-04</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-08-04</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>228</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2030019</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/19</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/18"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 214-227: The Role of Non-Cognitive Factors in Prospective Memory in Older Adults</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/18</link> <description>A key neuro-cognitive function that promotes autonomy and everyday functioning in old age is prospective memory (PM), defined as the capacity to remember to carry out intentions in the future. This study aimed at understanding if non-cognitive factors of metacognition and motivation are related to event-based and time-based laboratory PM, as well as to naturalistic PM in older adults, above and beyond the influences of neuropsychological determinants. We applied regression analyses predicting individual differences in classical PM tasks, in a sample of 99 healthy older participants (aged 64&amp;ndash;88 years). Results indicated that metacognition, measured as memory self-efficacy and perceived competence in cognitive tasks, was related to laboratory time-based PM. Consistency of interests, a motivational factor, was associated with naturalistic PM. None of the non-cognitive factors related to event-based PM. Our study underlines the importance of considering non-cognitive characteristics when evaluating PM capacity, a key component of cognitive aging.</description> <pubDate>2022-07-29</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 214-227: The Role of Non-Cognitive Factors in Prospective Memory in Older Adults Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/18">doi: 10.3390/jal2030018</a> Authors: Emmanuelle Grob Paolo Ghisletta Matthias Kliegel A key neuro-cognitive function that promotes autonomy and everyday functioning in old age is prospective memory (PM), defined as the capacity to remember to carry out intentions in the future. This study aimed at understanding if non-cognitive factors of metacognition and motivation are related to event-based and time-based laboratory PM, as well as to naturalistic PM in older adults, above and beyond the influences of neuropsychological determinants. We applied regression analyses predicting individual differences in classical PM tasks, in a sample of 99 healthy older participants (aged 64&amp;ndash;88 years). Results indicated that metacognition, measured as memory self-efficacy and perceived competence in cognitive tasks, was related to laboratory time-based PM. Consistency of interests, a motivational factor, was associated with naturalistic PM. None of the non-cognitive factors related to event-based PM. Our study underlines the importance of considering non-cognitive characteristics when evaluating PM capacity, a key component of cognitive aging. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>The Role of Non-Cognitive Factors in Prospective Memory in Older Adults</dc:title> <dc:creator>Emmanuelle Grob</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Paolo Ghisletta</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Matthias Kliegel</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2030018</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-07-29</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-07-29</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>214</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2030018</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/18</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/17"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 206-213: Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults: Why Proper Conceptualization Matters</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/17</link> <description>The problems of social isolation and loneliness in older adults have been widely researched but there are still issues regarding their conceptualizations and use in academic research. The terms social isolation and loneliness have often been used interchangeably in research, but evidence suggests they are not the same and sometimes have different implications for health outcomes in older adults. This paper attempts to highlight why proper conceptualization of these terms in research is important.</description> <pubDate>2022-07-13</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 206-213: Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults: Why Proper Conceptualization Matters Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/17">doi: 10.3390/jal2030017</a> Authors: Samuel Asante Georgina Tuffour The problems of social isolation and loneliness in older adults have been widely researched but there are still issues regarding their conceptualizations and use in academic research. The terms social isolation and loneliness have often been used interchangeably in research, but evidence suggests they are not the same and sometimes have different implications for health outcomes in older adults. This paper attempts to highlight why proper conceptualization of these terms in research is important. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults: Why Proper Conceptualization Matters</dc:title> <dc:creator>Samuel Asante</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Georgina Tuffour</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2030017</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-07-13</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-07-13</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Commentary</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>206</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2030017</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/17</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/16"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 193-205: Digital Health Solutions for Chronic Illnesses: A Systematic Review of Mobile Health Apps and Quality Analysis with Mobile App Rating Scale</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/16</link> <description>Currently, more than half of the adults worldwide have at least one chronic condition; however, poor medication adherence and self-management are observed. Tools, such as mHealth apps, may play a crucial role for millions of people in increasing the patients&amp;rsquo; involvement in the treatment process. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the characteristics and quality of the existing mHealth apps for patients with various chronic conditions. The study was conducted from February 1 to March 31, 2022. The mHealth applications&amp;rsquo; search was performed on the iOS platform, and 29 apps were included in the final analysis. The quality of apps was evaluated using Mobile App Rating Scale. The majority of the apps had symptom and medication tracking functionality. The mean score of apps&amp;rsquo; overall quality was 3.45 (SD = 0.61) out of five, ranging from 2.04 to 4.50. The highest-rated category was the functionality of the app&amp;mdash;3.75 (0.61); followed by aesthetics&amp;mdash;3.67 (0.62); subjective quality&amp;mdash;3.47 (0.88); engagement&amp;mdash;3.33 (0.78); and information&amp;mdash;3.04 (0.61). The study revealed that only a few high-quality apps for chronic condition management exist, and there is still some space for improvements.</description> <pubDate>2022-07-01</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 193-205: Digital Health Solutions for Chronic Illnesses: A Systematic Review of Mobile Health Apps and Quality Analysis with Mobile App Rating Scale Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/16">doi: 10.3390/jal2030016</a> Authors: Gintarė Vaitkienė Zyta Kuzborska Milda Žukauskienė Currently, more than half of the adults worldwide have at least one chronic condition; however, poor medication adherence and self-management are observed. Tools, such as mHealth apps, may play a crucial role for millions of people in increasing the patients&amp;rsquo; involvement in the treatment process. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the characteristics and quality of the existing mHealth apps for patients with various chronic conditions. The study was conducted from February 1 to March 31, 2022. The mHealth applications&amp;rsquo; search was performed on the iOS platform, and 29 apps were included in the final analysis. The quality of apps was evaluated using Mobile App Rating Scale. The majority of the apps had symptom and medication tracking functionality. The mean score of apps&amp;rsquo; overall quality was 3.45 (SD = 0.61) out of five, ranging from 2.04 to 4.50. The highest-rated category was the functionality of the app&amp;mdash;3.75 (0.61); followed by aesthetics&amp;mdash;3.67 (0.62); subjective quality&amp;mdash;3.47 (0.88); engagement&amp;mdash;3.33 (0.78); and information&amp;mdash;3.04 (0.61). The study revealed that only a few high-quality apps for chronic condition management exist, and there is still some space for improvements. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Digital Health Solutions for Chronic Illnesses: A Systematic Review of Mobile Health Apps and Quality Analysis with Mobile App Rating Scale</dc:title> <dc:creator>Gintarė Vaitkienė</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Zyta Kuzborska</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Milda Žukauskienė</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2030016</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-07-01</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-07-01</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>193</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2030016</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/16</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/15"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 178-192: Enhancing Neuroplasticity Is Urgent: Music and Dance for the UN/WHO Decade of Action for Healthy Ageing for All</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/15</link> <description>This descriptive overview responds to a rising tide of reviews and RCTs which encourage evidence-based interventions from the first moments of life and across the life course that could increase the Flynn effect and improve global statistics on neurocognitive functioning with a healthspan that approximates longer lifespans. We need to learn more from our centenarians who achieve Healthy Ageing. Evolving neuroscience empowers us to drive neuroplasticity in a positive direction in ways that are associated with enhancing neurocognitive functioning across the entire lifespan for vigorous longevity. Music and Dance could meet these urgent needs in ways that also have physical, emotional, neurobiological, neurochemical, immunological, and social health benefits. Interventions using Music and Dance are likely to have high initial and ongoing use because people are more inclined to do what is fun, easy, free (or low cost), portable, and culturally adaptable.</description> <pubDate>2022-06-22</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 178-192: Enhancing Neuroplasticity Is Urgent: Music and Dance for the UN/WHO Decade of Action for Healthy Ageing for All Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/15">doi: 10.3390/jal2030015</a> Authors: Joyce Shaffer This descriptive overview responds to a rising tide of reviews and RCTs which encourage evidence-based interventions from the first moments of life and across the life course that could increase the Flynn effect and improve global statistics on neurocognitive functioning with a healthspan that approximates longer lifespans. We need to learn more from our centenarians who achieve Healthy Ageing. Evolving neuroscience empowers us to drive neuroplasticity in a positive direction in ways that are associated with enhancing neurocognitive functioning across the entire lifespan for vigorous longevity. Music and Dance could meet these urgent needs in ways that also have physical, emotional, neurobiological, neurochemical, immunological, and social health benefits. Interventions using Music and Dance are likely to have high initial and ongoing use because people are more inclined to do what is fun, easy, free (or low cost), portable, and culturally adaptable. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Enhancing Neuroplasticity Is Urgent: Music and Dance for the UN/WHO Decade of Action for Healthy Ageing for All</dc:title> <dc:creator>Joyce Shaffer</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2030015</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-06-22</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-06-22</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>3</prism:number> <prism:section>Opinion</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>178</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2030015</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/3/15</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/14"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 153-177: Heterogeneity in Long-Term Care for Older Adults in Europe: Between Individual and Systemic Effects</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/14</link> <description>The current paper uses comparable data to present an overview of home-based long-term care (LTC) for persons over 65 years of age in Europe. It aims to provide new insights to aid discussions on LTC policy convergence in three areas: the need for services, the extent to which these needs are met and the means employed to do so. It uses data from wave 6 (2015) of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Four summary indicators are charted: (i) the care need: how many people need care; (ii) the care gap: the extent to which stated needs remain unmet; (iii) the care mix: how overall provision is divided into formal, informal or a mix of both; and (iv) care satisfaction based on stated preferences by recipients. Heterogeneity at individual level is explained by probit analyses, examining how individual factors (age, severity of need, gender, social networks, prosperity and others) combine with country group and country effects. Scatter plots are used to relate differences among countries to systemic variables, such as public expenditures. The key conclusions are that: (i) Once needs are defined in comparable terms, there remains a surprisingly large number of people across Europe whose needs are not addressed at all, what we call the care gap, especially among the younger group aged 65&amp;ndash;80; this is evident everywhere and is not limited to any one type of system or group of countries; (ii) formal and informal care are both significant for the stability of an LTC provision system and for the well-being of care recipients; and (iii) recipients of care are especially sceptical about formal care, as they reward principally informal carers with whom they have personal relationships. The overwhelming finding is that the heterogeneity defies easy generalisations, whether these relate to individual characteristics or systemic effects. This (unexplained) heterogeneity is a challenge for researchers to explain, but it could also represent an untapped resource for policymakers to exploit.</description> <pubDate>2022-06-18</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 153-177: Heterogeneity in Long-Term Care for Older Adults in Europe: Between Individual and Systemic Effects Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/14">doi: 10.3390/jal2020014</a> Authors: Platon Tinios Zafiris Valvis Thomas Georgiadis The current paper uses comparable data to present an overview of home-based long-term care (LTC) for persons over 65 years of age in Europe. It aims to provide new insights to aid discussions on LTC policy convergence in three areas: the need for services, the extent to which these needs are met and the means employed to do so. It uses data from wave 6 (2015) of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Four summary indicators are charted: (i) the care need: how many people need care; (ii) the care gap: the extent to which stated needs remain unmet; (iii) the care mix: how overall provision is divided into formal, informal or a mix of both; and (iv) care satisfaction based on stated preferences by recipients. Heterogeneity at individual level is explained by probit analyses, examining how individual factors (age, severity of need, gender, social networks, prosperity and others) combine with country group and country effects. Scatter plots are used to relate differences among countries to systemic variables, such as public expenditures. The key conclusions are that: (i) Once needs are defined in comparable terms, there remains a surprisingly large number of people across Europe whose needs are not addressed at all, what we call the care gap, especially among the younger group aged 65&amp;ndash;80; this is evident everywhere and is not limited to any one type of system or group of countries; (ii) formal and informal care are both significant for the stability of an LTC provision system and for the well-being of care recipients; and (iii) recipients of care are especially sceptical about formal care, as they reward principally informal carers with whom they have personal relationships. The overwhelming finding is that the heterogeneity defies easy generalisations, whether these relate to individual characteristics or systemic effects. This (unexplained) heterogeneity is a challenge for researchers to explain, but it could also represent an untapped resource for policymakers to exploit. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Heterogeneity in Long-Term Care for Older Adults in Europe: Between Individual and Systemic Effects</dc:title> <dc:creator>Platon Tinios</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Zafiris Valvis</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Thomas Georgiadis</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2020014</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-06-18</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-06-18</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>153</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2020014</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/14</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/13"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 140-152: Perspectives on Wider Integration of the Health-Assistive Smart Home</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/13</link> <description>Most older adults desire to be as independent as possible and remain living in their ancestral home as they age. Aging-in-place maximizes the independence of older adults, enhancing their wellbeing and quality of life while decreasing the financial burden of residential care costs. However, due to chronic disease, multimorbidity, and age-related changes, appropriate conditions are required to make aging-in-place possible. Remote monitoring with smart home technologies could provide the infrastructure that enables older adults to remain living independently in their own homes safely. The health-assistive smart home shows great promise, but there are challenges to integrating smart homes on a larger scale. The purpose of this discussion paper is to propose a Design Thinking (DT) process to improve the possibility of integrating a smart home for health monitoring more widely and making it more accessible to all older adults wishing to continue living independently in their ancestral homes. From a nursing perspective, we discuss the necessary stakeholder groups and describe how these stakeholders should engage to accelerate the integration of health smart homes into real-world settings.</description> <pubDate>2022-06-16</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 140-152: Perspectives on Wider Integration of the Health-Assistive Smart Home Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/13">doi: 10.3390/jal2020013</a> Authors: Gordana Dermody Jenna Mikus Davina Porock Dov Sugarman Naeem K. Janjua Christopher How Roschelle Fritz Most older adults desire to be as independent as possible and remain living in their ancestral home as they age. Aging-in-place maximizes the independence of older adults, enhancing their wellbeing and quality of life while decreasing the financial burden of residential care costs. However, due to chronic disease, multimorbidity, and age-related changes, appropriate conditions are required to make aging-in-place possible. Remote monitoring with smart home technologies could provide the infrastructure that enables older adults to remain living independently in their own homes safely. The health-assistive smart home shows great promise, but there are challenges to integrating smart homes on a larger scale. The purpose of this discussion paper is to propose a Design Thinking (DT) process to improve the possibility of integrating a smart home for health monitoring more widely and making it more accessible to all older adults wishing to continue living independently in their ancestral homes. From a nursing perspective, we discuss the necessary stakeholder groups and describe how these stakeholders should engage to accelerate the integration of health smart homes into real-world settings. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Perspectives on Wider Integration of the Health-Assistive Smart Home</dc:title> <dc:creator>Gordana Dermody</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Jenna Mikus</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Davina Porock</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Dov Sugarman</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Naeem K. Janjua</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Christopher How</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Roschelle Fritz</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2020013</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-06-16</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-06-16</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Perspective</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>140</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2020013</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/13</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/12"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 130-139: Understanding the Impact of Care Literacy on Preventive Care: Evidence from Family Carers in Japan</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/12</link> <description>To address the importance of family carers&amp;rsquo; understanding of care, encompassing their own care as well as the broader care and health social systems, this paper leverages the notion of &amp;lsquo;care literacy&amp;rsquo;. The aim of this study is to understand the variation in care literacy and the impact of care literacy on preventive care. The empirical focus is on working family carers for older relatives in Japan, through a cross-sectional online survey that includes a novel operationalization of care literacy, an established measure of health literacy, the assessment of information used to understand care, and measures of preventive care. The participants&amp;rsquo; (n = 281) mean age was 53, with 44% women, and an average of 8.3 h per week caring for their parent(s). The measure of care literacy is shown to be correlated, as expected, but distinct to health literacy (correlation 0.60). Based on regression analysis of care literacy, significant explanatory variables are health literacy (p &amp;lt; 0.001), gender (p = 0.044), number of sources of information on care (p = 0.029), and care hours (p &amp;lt; 0.001). In contrast, proximity in living arrangements of the carer and care receiver and severity of care needs were not significant predictors. Turning to the impact of care literacy, care literacy is a significant explanatory variable for use of preventive measures (p = 0.002), in particular as related to nutrition (p &amp;lt; 0.001), frailty (p = 0.028), and general home renovations (p = 0.018). The pattern of results from this cross-sectional analysis indicates the importance of understanding the potential for improved care literacy as an enabler of better care.</description> <pubDate>2022-06-15</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 130-139: Understanding the Impact of Care Literacy on Preventive Care: Evidence from Family Carers in Japan Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/12">doi: 10.3390/jal2020012</a> Authors: Hiroko Costantini To address the importance of family carers&amp;rsquo; understanding of care, encompassing their own care as well as the broader care and health social systems, this paper leverages the notion of &amp;lsquo;care literacy&amp;rsquo;. The aim of this study is to understand the variation in care literacy and the impact of care literacy on preventive care. The empirical focus is on working family carers for older relatives in Japan, through a cross-sectional online survey that includes a novel operationalization of care literacy, an established measure of health literacy, the assessment of information used to understand care, and measures of preventive care. The participants&amp;rsquo; (n = 281) mean age was 53, with 44% women, and an average of 8.3 h per week caring for their parent(s). The measure of care literacy is shown to be correlated, as expected, but distinct to health literacy (correlation 0.60). Based on regression analysis of care literacy, significant explanatory variables are health literacy (p &amp;lt; 0.001), gender (p = 0.044), number of sources of information on care (p = 0.029), and care hours (p &amp;lt; 0.001). In contrast, proximity in living arrangements of the carer and care receiver and severity of care needs were not significant predictors. Turning to the impact of care literacy, care literacy is a significant explanatory variable for use of preventive measures (p = 0.002), in particular as related to nutrition (p &amp;lt; 0.001), frailty (p = 0.028), and general home renovations (p = 0.018). The pattern of results from this cross-sectional analysis indicates the importance of understanding the potential for improved care literacy as an enabler of better care. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Understanding the Impact of Care Literacy on Preventive Care: Evidence from Family Carers in Japan</dc:title> <dc:creator>Hiroko Costantini</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2020012</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-06-15</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-06-15</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Communication</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>130</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2020012</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/12</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/11"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 113-129: Group-Based Physical Activity Interventions Targeting Enjoyment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/11</link> <description>In previous research, older adults reported they preferred enjoyable exercise programmes. The aim of this systematic review is to identify the components of enjoyable group-based physical activity interventions for older adults. Eleven electronic databases were searched in May 2021. Inclusion criteria were: Community-dwelling, &amp;ge;60 years of age, group-based physical activity, controlled intervention studies, designed to promote enjoyment, and included a measure of enjoyment or physical activity. Characteristics of the studies, intervention content, and enjoyment outcomes were extracted. Six studies, involving 1205 participants (Mean = 72.9 years old, 71.3% female, 67% European countries) were included. While enjoyment outcomes (n = 3) appeared to improve, there was wide heterogeneity in measurement tools, making it difficult to compare studies. Enjoyable group-based physical activity for older adults may consist of a supportive instructor and peers, creating a shared positive experience. Components included confidence building through competence, and courage experienced in the company of others. Within a physically supportive environment, older adults have the potential to generate social support to enjoy being physically active together. Future studies should include measures of enjoyment and device-based physical activity. Furthermore, a standardised definition of enjoyable physical activity for older adults is needed to inform the design of future interventions.</description> <pubDate>2022-05-28</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 113-129: Group-Based Physical Activity Interventions Targeting Enjoyment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/11">doi: 10.3390/jal2020011</a> Authors: Rachel M. Creighton Kyle F. Paradis Nicole E. Blackburn Mark A. Tully In previous research, older adults reported they preferred enjoyable exercise programmes. The aim of this systematic review is to identify the components of enjoyable group-based physical activity interventions for older adults. Eleven electronic databases were searched in May 2021. Inclusion criteria were: Community-dwelling, &amp;ge;60 years of age, group-based physical activity, controlled intervention studies, designed to promote enjoyment, and included a measure of enjoyment or physical activity. Characteristics of the studies, intervention content, and enjoyment outcomes were extracted. Six studies, involving 1205 participants (Mean = 72.9 years old, 71.3% female, 67% European countries) were included. While enjoyment outcomes (n = 3) appeared to improve, there was wide heterogeneity in measurement tools, making it difficult to compare studies. Enjoyable group-based physical activity for older adults may consist of a supportive instructor and peers, creating a shared positive experience. Components included confidence building through competence, and courage experienced in the company of others. Within a physically supportive environment, older adults have the potential to generate social support to enjoy being physically active together. Future studies should include measures of enjoyment and device-based physical activity. Furthermore, a standardised definition of enjoyable physical activity for older adults is needed to inform the design of future interventions. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Group-Based Physical Activity Interventions Targeting Enjoyment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review</dc:title> <dc:creator>Rachel M. Creighton</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Kyle F. Paradis</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Nicole E. Blackburn</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Mark A. Tully</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2020011</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-05-28</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-05-28</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Systematic Review</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>113</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2020011</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/11</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/10"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 102-112: High Nutritional Vulnerability and Associated Risk Factors of Bangladeshi Wetland Community People Aged 50 Years and Older</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/10</link> <description>People aged 50 years and over often show nutritional vulnerability in South Asia, including Bangladesh. Consequently, they present physical weakness and illness that escalate overtime. Community-focused investigations have the potential to inform healthcare interventions in Bangladesh, but current studies examine older adults&amp;rsquo; nutrition status which are not all-encompassing (e.g., wetland communities). We, therefore, assessed the malnutrition status among wetland community-dwelling older adults aged &amp;ge;50 years in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 400 older adults living in the north-eastern wetland community of the country through simple random sampling. Demographics and general health information were collected using a structured questionnaire, and the Nestl&amp;eacute; Mini Nutrition Assessment&amp;mdash;Short Form was used to assess nutrition status. Respondents&amp;rsquo; socio-demographic and health profiles were assessed, and the Pearson Chi-square test was performed to identify the associated risk factors of malnutrition. The prevalence of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition were 59.75 and 39.75 percent, respectively. The malnutrition prevalence rate was higher with increasing of age and females were more malnourished than males. Age, gender, educational status, occupation, and income were significantly associated with the participants&amp;rsquo; malnutrition. The wetland community-dwelling people suffering from sleep disorders and having poor health condition, were found to be more malnourished. The findings confirm that the prevalence of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition are high among the wetland community-dwelling people aged &amp;ge;50 years. Our findings suggest health professionals to implement public health nutrition surveillance and clinical interventions simultaneously in wetland elderly to improve nutritional status of this cohort.</description> <pubDate>2022-05-20</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 102-112: High Nutritional Vulnerability and Associated Risk Factors of Bangladeshi Wetland Community People Aged 50 Years and Older Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/10">doi: 10.3390/jal2020010</a> Authors: Mohammad Meshbahur Rahman Zaki Farhana Taniya Tajmin Chowdhury Md Taj Uddin Md. Ziaul Islam Mohammad Hamiduzzaman People aged 50 years and over often show nutritional vulnerability in South Asia, including Bangladesh. Consequently, they present physical weakness and illness that escalate overtime. Community-focused investigations have the potential to inform healthcare interventions in Bangladesh, but current studies examine older adults&amp;rsquo; nutrition status which are not all-encompassing (e.g., wetland communities). We, therefore, assessed the malnutrition status among wetland community-dwelling older adults aged &amp;ge;50 years in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 400 older adults living in the north-eastern wetland community of the country through simple random sampling. Demographics and general health information were collected using a structured questionnaire, and the Nestl&amp;eacute; Mini Nutrition Assessment&amp;mdash;Short Form was used to assess nutrition status. Respondents&amp;rsquo; socio-demographic and health profiles were assessed, and the Pearson Chi-square test was performed to identify the associated risk factors of malnutrition. The prevalence of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition were 59.75 and 39.75 percent, respectively. The malnutrition prevalence rate was higher with increasing of age and females were more malnourished than males. Age, gender, educational status, occupation, and income were significantly associated with the participants&amp;rsquo; malnutrition. The wetland community-dwelling people suffering from sleep disorders and having poor health condition, were found to be more malnourished. The findings confirm that the prevalence of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition are high among the wetland community-dwelling people aged &amp;ge;50 years. Our findings suggest health professionals to implement public health nutrition surveillance and clinical interventions simultaneously in wetland elderly to improve nutritional status of this cohort. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>High Nutritional Vulnerability and Associated Risk Factors of Bangladeshi Wetland Community People Aged 50 Years and Older</dc:title> <dc:creator>Mohammad Meshbahur Rahman</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Zaki Farhana</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Taniya Tajmin Chowdhury</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Md Taj Uddin</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Md. Ziaul Islam</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Mohammad Hamiduzzaman</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2020010</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-05-20</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-05-20</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>102</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2020010</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/10</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/9"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 98-101: Correlation between Sarcopenia Risk and Food Intake in Older Hospitalized Unselected Cancer Patients</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/9</link> <description>Objectives: Recently, the SARC-F (Strength, Assistance for walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs, and Falls) questionnaire was developed to screen for the risk of sarcopenia in older patients. However, no study has investigated whether SARC-F is linked to food intake. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between SARC-F and food intake in older hospitalized unselected cancer patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 53 older hospitalized unselected cancer patients. The SARC-F score was used to identify muscle function loss (SARC-F &amp;ge; 4) or sarcopenia risk [SARC-F + calf circumference (CC) &amp;ge; 11]. Pearson&amp;rsquo;s correlation was used to assess the relationship between SARC-F and food intake. Results: We found that 51% of patients presented with SARC-F &amp;ge; 4 and 56.6% with SARC-F + CC &amp;ge; 11. Although these patients had a lower calorie intake (22.4 &amp;plusmn; 11.9 kcal/kg/day), they had an adequate distribution of macronutrients. We found a negative correlation between the SARC-F score and the calorie and macronutrient intake. However, SARC-F + CC was not correlated with calories and carbohydrates, only with lipid and protein intake. Conclusions: Approximately half of unselected cancer patients presented with muscle function loss (SARC-F &amp;ge; 4) or sarcopenia risk (SARC-F + CC &amp;ge; 11). In addition, we showed an inverse weak correlation between SARC-F and food intake, but not between SARC-F + CC and calories and carbohydrates, suggesting that the SARC-F questionnaire may be used with caution to screen for muscle function loss and correlation with food consumption.</description> <pubDate>2022-05-16</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 98-101: Correlation between Sarcopenia Risk and Food Intake in Older Hospitalized Unselected Cancer Patients Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/9">doi: 10.3390/jal2020009</a> Authors: Gustavo D. Pimentel Thaís C. Borges Tatyanne L. N. Gomes Objectives: Recently, the SARC-F (Strength, Assistance for walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs, and Falls) questionnaire was developed to screen for the risk of sarcopenia in older patients. However, no study has investigated whether SARC-F is linked to food intake. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between SARC-F and food intake in older hospitalized unselected cancer patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 53 older hospitalized unselected cancer patients. The SARC-F score was used to identify muscle function loss (SARC-F &amp;ge; 4) or sarcopenia risk [SARC-F + calf circumference (CC) &amp;ge; 11]. Pearson&amp;rsquo;s correlation was used to assess the relationship between SARC-F and food intake. Results: We found that 51% of patients presented with SARC-F &amp;ge; 4 and 56.6% with SARC-F + CC &amp;ge; 11. Although these patients had a lower calorie intake (22.4 &amp;plusmn; 11.9 kcal/kg/day), they had an adequate distribution of macronutrients. We found a negative correlation between the SARC-F score and the calorie and macronutrient intake. However, SARC-F + CC was not correlated with calories and carbohydrates, only with lipid and protein intake. Conclusions: Approximately half of unselected cancer patients presented with muscle function loss (SARC-F &amp;ge; 4) or sarcopenia risk (SARC-F + CC &amp;ge; 11). In addition, we showed an inverse weak correlation between SARC-F and food intake, but not between SARC-F + CC and calories and carbohydrates, suggesting that the SARC-F questionnaire may be used with caution to screen for muscle function loss and correlation with food consumption. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Correlation between Sarcopenia Risk and Food Intake in Older Hospitalized Unselected Cancer Patients</dc:title> <dc:creator>Gustavo D. Pimentel</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Thaís C. Borges</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Tatyanne L. N. Gomes</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2020009</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-05-16</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-05-16</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Brief Report</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>98</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2020009</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/9</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/8"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 85-97: Effect of Physical Exercise on Sleep Quality in Elderly Adults: A Systematic Review with a Meta-Analysis of Controlled and Randomized Studies</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/8</link> <description>Introduction: Aging is directly related to sleep problems. Primary insomnia has a negative impact on the lives of elderly adults, altering cognitive and metabolic functions. Physical activity is positively related to improvement in sleep quality. The objective of this systematic review was to analyze the effects of physical activity programs in healthy elderly individuals aged 60 years or older, using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) as a tool. Methods: The search was performed in the PubMed and Scielo databases, July 2021. Only randomized clinical trials that evaluated the role of physical exercise in the sleep quality of elderly patients were selected by two independent reviewers. Results: The result of the PSQI analysis showed that compared with the control condition, the exercise intervention was beneficial for the groups with insomnia (SMD: &amp;minus;0.57; 95% CI: &amp;minus;0.73 to &amp;minus;0.4; p &amp;lt; 0.00001; I2 = 53%) and without insomnia (SMD: &amp;minus;0.61; 95% CI: &amp;minus;0.75 to &amp;minus;0.47; p &amp;lt; 0.00001; I2 = 73%) and for the two groups combined (SMD: &amp;minus;0.59; 95% CI: &amp;minus;0.70 to &amp;minus;0.49; p &amp;lt; 0.0001, I2 = 68%). Conclusion: The systematic and continuous practice of physical exercise significantly improves perceived sleep quality in elderly individuals. Therefore, physical activities can be used as a tool to prevent sleep disorders and improve health in general. Future studies may clarify the comparison between aerobic and resistance exercises, evaluate the dose&amp;ndash;response relationship and include more participants.</description> <pubDate>2022-04-18</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 85-97: Effect of Physical Exercise on Sleep Quality in Elderly Adults: A Systematic Review with a Meta-Analysis of Controlled and Randomized Studies Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/8">doi: 10.3390/jal2020008</a> Authors: Vitor P. O. Silva Marcelo P. O. Silva Vitor L. de S. Silva David B. C. Mantovani João V. Mittelmann João V. V. Oliveira João P. de L. Pessoa Yuri L. Chaves Mikhail P. Haddad Otávio Andrielli Vinícius L. Bento Mayara L. C. Dourado Hugo M. de A. Melo Introduction: Aging is directly related to sleep problems. Primary insomnia has a negative impact on the lives of elderly adults, altering cognitive and metabolic functions. Physical activity is positively related to improvement in sleep quality. The objective of this systematic review was to analyze the effects of physical activity programs in healthy elderly individuals aged 60 years or older, using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) as a tool. Methods: The search was performed in the PubMed and Scielo databases, July 2021. Only randomized clinical trials that evaluated the role of physical exercise in the sleep quality of elderly patients were selected by two independent reviewers. Results: The result of the PSQI analysis showed that compared with the control condition, the exercise intervention was beneficial for the groups with insomnia (SMD: &amp;minus;0.57; 95% CI: &amp;minus;0.73 to &amp;minus;0.4; p &amp;lt; 0.00001; I2 = 53%) and without insomnia (SMD: &amp;minus;0.61; 95% CI: &amp;minus;0.75 to &amp;minus;0.47; p &amp;lt; 0.00001; I2 = 73%) and for the two groups combined (SMD: &amp;minus;0.59; 95% CI: &amp;minus;0.70 to &amp;minus;0.49; p &amp;lt; 0.0001, I2 = 68%). Conclusion: The systematic and continuous practice of physical exercise significantly improves perceived sleep quality in elderly individuals. Therefore, physical activities can be used as a tool to prevent sleep disorders and improve health in general. Future studies may clarify the comparison between aerobic and resistance exercises, evaluate the dose&amp;ndash;response relationship and include more participants. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Effect of Physical Exercise on Sleep Quality in Elderly Adults: A Systematic Review with a Meta-Analysis of Controlled and Randomized Studies</dc:title> <dc:creator>Vitor P. O. Silva</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Marcelo P. O. Silva</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Vitor L. de S. Silva</dc:creator> <dc:creator>David B. C. Mantovani</dc:creator> <dc:creator>João V. Mittelmann</dc:creator> <dc:creator>João V. V. Oliveira</dc:creator> <dc:creator>João P. de L. Pessoa</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Yuri L. Chaves</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Mikhail P. Haddad</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Otávio Andrielli</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Vinícius L. Bento</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Mayara L. C. Dourado</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Hugo M. de A. Melo</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2020008</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-04-18</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-04-18</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Review</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>85</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2020008</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/8</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/7"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 74-84: A Feasibility Study of Two Cognitive Training Programs for Urban Community-Dwelling Older Adults</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/7</link> <description>Cognitive training approaches are promising to manage the effects of normal cognitive decline for the aging adult, especially with the development and integration of computerized cognitive training. Supportive community models for older adults, such as senior centers, may provide engagement opportunities for occupation-based cognitive training programming. Fourteen older adults (n = 13 Black) from an urban older adult community center participated. This feasibility trial used a two-group, pretest-posttest design to examine differences between an occupation-based computerized cognitive training (CCT) program (n = 7) and a traditional cognitive training (TCT) program (n = 7), as assessed by participants&amp;rsquo; perceptions of the perceived benefits, tolerance of time of sessions, and on executive functioning measures. There were no significant differences in the tolerance of time of sessions (p = 0.81) between CCT (average session time = 43.64 min) and TCT (average session time = 44.27 min). Additionally, there were no significant differences in how the two program groups perceived the training based on helpfulness (p = 1.00), positive opinions (p = 0.46), and executive functioning measurement changes. All participants reported &amp;ldquo;enjoyment&amp;rdquo; of the training. Including occupation-based CCT and TCT programming is feasible and positive within community-based programming focusing on a diverse population. Short-term improvements in executive functioning should not be expected but are worthy of longer-term observation, considering a socialization component, telehealth integrations, and expansion of supportive technology-based models.</description> <pubDate>2022-04-08</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 74-84: A Feasibility Study of Two Cognitive Training Programs for Urban Community-Dwelling Older Adults Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/7">doi: 10.3390/jal2020007</a> Authors: Sara Benham Kelly Otchet Diana Senft Ann Marie Potter Cognitive training approaches are promising to manage the effects of normal cognitive decline for the aging adult, especially with the development and integration of computerized cognitive training. Supportive community models for older adults, such as senior centers, may provide engagement opportunities for occupation-based cognitive training programming. Fourteen older adults (n = 13 Black) from an urban older adult community center participated. This feasibility trial used a two-group, pretest-posttest design to examine differences between an occupation-based computerized cognitive training (CCT) program (n = 7) and a traditional cognitive training (TCT) program (n = 7), as assessed by participants&amp;rsquo; perceptions of the perceived benefits, tolerance of time of sessions, and on executive functioning measures. There were no significant differences in the tolerance of time of sessions (p = 0.81) between CCT (average session time = 43.64 min) and TCT (average session time = 44.27 min). Additionally, there were no significant differences in how the two program groups perceived the training based on helpfulness (p = 1.00), positive opinions (p = 0.46), and executive functioning measurement changes. All participants reported &amp;ldquo;enjoyment&amp;rdquo; of the training. Including occupation-based CCT and TCT programming is feasible and positive within community-based programming focusing on a diverse population. Short-term improvements in executive functioning should not be expected but are worthy of longer-term observation, considering a socialization component, telehealth integrations, and expansion of supportive technology-based models. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>A Feasibility Study of Two Cognitive Training Programs for Urban Community-Dwelling Older Adults</dc:title> <dc:creator>Sara Benham</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Kelly Otchet</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Diana Senft</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Ann Marie Potter</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2020007</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-04-08</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-04-08</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>2</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>74</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2020007</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/2/7</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/6"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 63-73: The Association of Physical Activity Fragmentation with Physical Function in Older Adults: Analysis from the SITLESS Study</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/6</link> <description>The distribution of physical activity bouts through the day may provide useful information for assessing the impacts of interventions on aspects such as physical function. This study aimed to investigate the associations between physical activity fragmentation, tested using different minimum physical activity bout lengths, with physical function in older adults. The SITLESS project recruited 1360 community-dwelling participants from four European countries (&amp;ge;65 years old). Physical activity fragmentation was represented as the active-to-sedentary transition probability (ASTP), the reciprocal of the average physical activity bout duration measured using ActiGraph wGT3X+ accelerometers. Four minimum bout lengths were utilised to calculate the ASTP: &amp;ge;10-s, &amp;ge;60-s, &amp;ge;120-s and &amp;ge;300-s. Physical function was assessed using the 2-min walk test (2MWT) and the composite score from the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) test. Linear regression analyses, after adjusting for relevant covariates, were used to assess cross-sectional associations. After adjustment for relevant covariates, lower ASTP using &amp;ge;10-s bouts were associated with longer 2MWT distances and higher SPPB scores. Lower ASTP using &amp;ge;120-s bouts and &amp;ge;300-s bouts were associated with longer 2MWT distances but not the SPPB. Less fragmented physical activity patterns appeared to be associated with better physical function in community-dwelling older adults.</description> <pubDate>2022-03-03</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 63-73: The Association of Physical Activity Fragmentation with Physical Function in Older Adults: Analysis from the SITLESS Study Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/6">doi: 10.3390/jal2010006</a> Authors: Jason J. Wilson Ilona McMullan Nicole E. Blackburn Natalie Klempel Javier Jerez-Roig Guillermo R. Oviedo Jochen Klenk Dhayana Dallmeier Laura Coll-Planas Emma McIntosh Mathias Skjødt Paolo Caserotti Mark A. Tully The distribution of physical activity bouts through the day may provide useful information for assessing the impacts of interventions on aspects such as physical function. This study aimed to investigate the associations between physical activity fragmentation, tested using different minimum physical activity bout lengths, with physical function in older adults. The SITLESS project recruited 1360 community-dwelling participants from four European countries (&amp;ge;65 years old). Physical activity fragmentation was represented as the active-to-sedentary transition probability (ASTP), the reciprocal of the average physical activity bout duration measured using ActiGraph wGT3X+ accelerometers. Four minimum bout lengths were utilised to calculate the ASTP: &amp;ge;10-s, &amp;ge;60-s, &amp;ge;120-s and &amp;ge;300-s. Physical function was assessed using the 2-min walk test (2MWT) and the composite score from the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) test. Linear regression analyses, after adjusting for relevant covariates, were used to assess cross-sectional associations. After adjustment for relevant covariates, lower ASTP using &amp;ge;10-s bouts were associated with longer 2MWT distances and higher SPPB scores. Lower ASTP using &amp;ge;120-s bouts and &amp;ge;300-s bouts were associated with longer 2MWT distances but not the SPPB. Less fragmented physical activity patterns appeared to be associated with better physical function in community-dwelling older adults. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>The Association of Physical Activity Fragmentation with Physical Function in Older Adults: Analysis from the SITLESS Study</dc:title> <dc:creator>Jason J. Wilson</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Ilona McMullan</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Nicole E. Blackburn</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Natalie Klempel</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Javier Jerez-Roig</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Guillermo R. Oviedo</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Jochen Klenk</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Dhayana Dallmeier</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Laura Coll-Planas</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Emma McIntosh</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Mathias Skjødt</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Paolo Caserotti</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Mark A. Tully</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2010006</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-03-03</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-03-03</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>63</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2010006</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/6</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/5"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 49-62: Social Relationships and the Health of Older Adults: An Examination of Social Connectedness and Perceived Social Support</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/5</link> <description>This study examined the extent to which dimensions of social connectedness and perceived social support have distinct associations with the physical and mental health of older adults. This study utilized data from the Utah Fertility, Longevity, and Aging (FLAG) study. Participants included 259 older adults, aged 60 or older (mean age: 67.75 &amp;plusmn; 4.8). Connectedness (networks and satisfaction with networks) was measured with the Duke Social Support Index. Social support (affective, confidant, instrumental) was measured with the Duke&amp;ndash;UNC Functional Support Scale. Physical and mental health were measured with the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). The results showed significant differences in the mean physical and mental health scores between participants with high scores on satisfaction with networks, affective, confidant, and instrumental support, and those with low scores on these dimensions. After controlling for covariates, affective support significantly predicted physical health, while satisfaction with networks, and affective and instrumental support significantly predicted mental health. The findings suggest that social support may be relatively more important to the health and wellbeing of older adults than social connectedness. This underscores the relative importance older adults attach to the quality rather than quantity of social ties.</description> <pubDate>2022-03-02</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 49-62: Social Relationships and the Health of Older Adults: An Examination of Social Connectedness and Perceived Social Support Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/5">doi: 10.3390/jal2010005</a> Authors: Samuel Asante Grace Karikari This study examined the extent to which dimensions of social connectedness and perceived social support have distinct associations with the physical and mental health of older adults. This study utilized data from the Utah Fertility, Longevity, and Aging (FLAG) study. Participants included 259 older adults, aged 60 or older (mean age: 67.75 &amp;plusmn; 4.8). Connectedness (networks and satisfaction with networks) was measured with the Duke Social Support Index. Social support (affective, confidant, instrumental) was measured with the Duke&amp;ndash;UNC Functional Support Scale. Physical and mental health were measured with the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). The results showed significant differences in the mean physical and mental health scores between participants with high scores on satisfaction with networks, affective, confidant, and instrumental support, and those with low scores on these dimensions. After controlling for covariates, affective support significantly predicted physical health, while satisfaction with networks, and affective and instrumental support significantly predicted mental health. The findings suggest that social support may be relatively more important to the health and wellbeing of older adults than social connectedness. This underscores the relative importance older adults attach to the quality rather than quantity of social ties. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Social Relationships and the Health of Older Adults: An Examination of Social Connectedness and Perceived Social Support</dc:title> <dc:creator>Samuel Asante</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Grace Karikari</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2010005</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-03-02</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-03-02</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>49</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2010005</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/5</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/4"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 34-48: Reminiscence Therapy in the Treatment of Depression in the Elderly: Current Perspectives</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/4</link> <description>Reminiscence therapy has been known to provide relief against depression and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. This therapy has been used for decades as a nonpharmacological treatment or tool that has produced both positive and negative results. This paper explores the current trends in reminiscence therapy in the treatment of depression in the elderly. Some of these trends involve the use of technology such as mobile apps and robotics while others follow more traditional and proven methods. A comparison of the variations in the interpretations of reminiscence therapy treatment mechanisms and their impacts will also be discussed. The ultimate goal of this paper is to highlight the current trends in the use of reminiscence therapy in treatment of depression in the elderly.</description> <pubDate>2022-02-24</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 34-48: Reminiscence Therapy in the Treatment of Depression in the Elderly: Current Perspectives Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/4">doi: 10.3390/jal2010004</a> Authors: Arshia Khan Alex Bleth Marat Bakpayev Nabiha Imtiaz Reminiscence therapy has been known to provide relief against depression and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. This therapy has been used for decades as a nonpharmacological treatment or tool that has produced both positive and negative results. This paper explores the current trends in reminiscence therapy in the treatment of depression in the elderly. Some of these trends involve the use of technology such as mobile apps and robotics while others follow more traditional and proven methods. A comparison of the variations in the interpretations of reminiscence therapy treatment mechanisms and their impacts will also be discussed. The ultimate goal of this paper is to highlight the current trends in the use of reminiscence therapy in treatment of depression in the elderly. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Reminiscence Therapy in the Treatment of Depression in the Elderly: Current Perspectives</dc:title> <dc:creator>Arshia Khan</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Alex Bleth</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Marat Bakpayev</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Nabiha Imtiaz</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2010004</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-02-24</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-02-24</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Review</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>34</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2010004</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/4</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/3"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 26-33: Multimorbidity among Latinx-Americans and Asian American/Pacific Islanders</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/3</link> <description>Latinx and Asian American/Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) are the fastest growing racial/ethnic populations in the United States, and it is thus increasingly important to address multimorbidity within these populations. However, research has been challenging due to the immigrant health paradox, the variation across ethnic groups, underutilization of treatment, and inadequate mental health assessments. These issues make assessing the prevalence and burden of multimorbidity difficult among Latinx and AAPI populations. Further, racism remains a fundamental cause of health inequity, and should be addressed in policy and practice.</description> <pubDate>2022-02-11</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 26-33: Multimorbidity among Latinx-Americans and Asian American/Pacific Islanders Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/3">doi: 10.3390/jal2010003</a> Authors: Hans Oh Edouard Leaune Davy Vancampfort Jae Il Shin Andrew Stickley Latinx and Asian American/Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) are the fastest growing racial/ethnic populations in the United States, and it is thus increasingly important to address multimorbidity within these populations. However, research has been challenging due to the immigrant health paradox, the variation across ethnic groups, underutilization of treatment, and inadequate mental health assessments. These issues make assessing the prevalence and burden of multimorbidity difficult among Latinx and AAPI populations. Further, racism remains a fundamental cause of health inequity, and should be addressed in policy and practice. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Multimorbidity among Latinx-Americans and Asian American/Pacific Islanders</dc:title> <dc:creator>Hans Oh</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Edouard Leaune</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Davy Vancampfort</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Jae Il Shin</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Andrew Stickley</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2010003</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-02-11</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-02-11</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Commentary</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>26</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2010003</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/3</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/2"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 12-25: Lifelong Disadvantage and Late Adulthood Frailty</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/2</link> <description>Frailty is a complex state of objective and subjective vulnerability. It tends to increase with age, but the process is influenced by previous life course, especially previous disadvantages. The aim of this paper is to examine how the disadvantages suffered in adulthood (25 to 59 years) in four domains (unemployment, financial hardship, stress, and bad health) affect frailty in late adulthood (60 to 79 years). Using linear regression models on data from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (2004&amp;ndash;2017), we estimate frailty levels for several age groups (60&amp;ndash;64, 65&amp;ndash;69, 70&amp;ndash;74, 75&amp;ndash;79) accounting for both the persistence of these disadvantages over time and their coexistence, i.e., the number of years when they were simultaneously experienced. Results show that while frailty increases with age, as expected, there is also evidence of an accumulation of risks: the longer the periods of adult life affected by unemployment, stress, financial hardship or, most importantly, bad health, the frailer individuals are in their late years. Furthermore, periods of coexisting disadvantages in adulthood translate into additional frailty in late life. Our findings highlight the importance of fighting disadvantages early in life: long-term improvements in terms of reduced frailty (a concept interrelated with health) may be substantial.</description> <pubDate>2022-01-13</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 12-25: Lifelong Disadvantage and Late Adulthood Frailty Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/2">doi: 10.3390/jal2010002</a> Authors: Francesca Zanasi Gustavo De Santis Elena Pirani Frailty is a complex state of objective and subjective vulnerability. It tends to increase with age, but the process is influenced by previous life course, especially previous disadvantages. The aim of this paper is to examine how the disadvantages suffered in adulthood (25 to 59 years) in four domains (unemployment, financial hardship, stress, and bad health) affect frailty in late adulthood (60 to 79 years). Using linear regression models on data from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (2004&amp;ndash;2017), we estimate frailty levels for several age groups (60&amp;ndash;64, 65&amp;ndash;69, 70&amp;ndash;74, 75&amp;ndash;79) accounting for both the persistence of these disadvantages over time and their coexistence, i.e., the number of years when they were simultaneously experienced. Results show that while frailty increases with age, as expected, there is also evidence of an accumulation of risks: the longer the periods of adult life affected by unemployment, stress, financial hardship or, most importantly, bad health, the frailer individuals are in their late years. Furthermore, periods of coexisting disadvantages in adulthood translate into additional frailty in late life. Our findings highlight the importance of fighting disadvantages early in life: long-term improvements in terms of reduced frailty (a concept interrelated with health) may be substantial. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Lifelong Disadvantage and Late Adulthood Frailty</dc:title> <dc:creator>Francesca Zanasi</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Gustavo De Santis</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Elena Pirani</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2010002</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2022-01-13</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2022-01-13</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>12</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2010002</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/2</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/1"> <title>JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 1-11: Sociodemographic Determinants, Health Conditions, and Mental Status as Predictors of the Functional Status of Older Saudi People</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/1</link> <description>The increasing population of Saudi elderly demands adequate assessment of their functional health status and mental status to improve their health and quality of life. This study aimed to determine the functional status of older Saudi people in performing basic activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) and its influencing factors. This quantitative, descriptive-correlational study surveyed a total of 203 participants using the Mini-Mental State Examination, Katz Index of ADL, and Lawton IADL. Overall, the participants had moderate cognitive impairment and were able to perform basic ADLs and IADLs independently, but they needed assistance in doing housework. Functional status was sensitive to their sociodemographic characteristics, presence of health problems, and mental status. Mental status, education, employment, marital status, and source of support were significantly associated with their ability to perform basic ADLs and IADLs. This study suggests that more efforts are needed to understand the sociodemographic characteristics, presence of health problems, and mental status that support the development of evidence-based public health policy on the functional status among older Saudi people. The findings can be utilized by hospital and nursing administrators to initiate educational and training programs for healthcare professionals including nurses and to create healthcare policies so that the health concerns and functional difficulties of older patients are adequately addressed.</description> <pubDate>2021-12-29</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 2, Pages 1-11: Sociodemographic Determinants, Health Conditions, and Mental Status as Predictors of the Functional Status of Older Saudi People Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/1">doi: 10.3390/jal2010001</a> Authors: Naif H. Al Anazi Rene P. Carsula Regie B. Tumala The increasing population of Saudi elderly demands adequate assessment of their functional health status and mental status to improve their health and quality of life. This study aimed to determine the functional status of older Saudi people in performing basic activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) and its influencing factors. This quantitative, descriptive-correlational study surveyed a total of 203 participants using the Mini-Mental State Examination, Katz Index of ADL, and Lawton IADL. Overall, the participants had moderate cognitive impairment and were able to perform basic ADLs and IADLs independently, but they needed assistance in doing housework. Functional status was sensitive to their sociodemographic characteristics, presence of health problems, and mental status. Mental status, education, employment, marital status, and source of support were significantly associated with their ability to perform basic ADLs and IADLs. This study suggests that more efforts are needed to understand the sociodemographic characteristics, presence of health problems, and mental status that support the development of evidence-based public health policy on the functional status among older Saudi people. The findings can be utilized by hospital and nursing administrators to initiate educational and training programs for healthcare professionals including nurses and to create healthcare policies so that the health concerns and functional difficulties of older patients are adequately addressed. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Sociodemographic Determinants, Health Conditions, and Mental Status as Predictors of the Functional Status of Older Saudi People</dc:title> <dc:creator>Naif H. Al Anazi</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Rene P. Carsula</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Regie B. Tumala</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal2010001</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2021-12-29</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2021-12-29</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>2</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>1</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal2010001</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/2/1/1</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/6"> <title>JAL, Vol. 1, Pages 48-59: Evaluation of Risk Factors for Dementia Incidence Based on Previous Questionnaire Results of Specific Health Checkups in Japan</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/6</link> <description>The prevalence of dementia is rapidly increasing worldwide, and its treatment and prevention are a health concern. The prevention of dementia requires the identification of risk factors through longitudinal studies of lifestyle. In this study, we aimed to identify the risk factors for the development of dementia in Japan and to clarify their primary care strategies. We analyzed the relationship between the cognitive ability level determined by the survey of long-term care certification and the past questionnaire results of a specific health examination in Japan 10 years ago. To analyze the risk factors for developing dementia, multivariate analysis was used, which showed that residents who gained more than 10 kg since reaching 20 years of age had a significantly lower risk of developing dementia. Regarding the &amp;ldquo;start of lifestyle modifications&amp;rdquo; question, those who answered &amp;ldquo;already started&amp;rdquo; had a significantly lower risk than those who answered &amp;ldquo;no plan to improve&amp;rdquo;. Conversely, residents receiving insulin injections or oral hypoglycemic agents were at a significantly higher risk of developing dementia based on the results of the questionnaire of the health checkups surveyed 10 years prior.</description> <pubDate>2021-12-08</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 1, Pages 48-59: Evaluation of Risk Factors for Dementia Incidence Based on Previous Questionnaire Results of Specific Health Checkups in Japan Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/6">doi: 10.3390/jal1010006</a> Authors: Yoh Tamaki Yoshimune Hiratsuka Toshiro Kumakawa The prevalence of dementia is rapidly increasing worldwide, and its treatment and prevention are a health concern. The prevention of dementia requires the identification of risk factors through longitudinal studies of lifestyle. In this study, we aimed to identify the risk factors for the development of dementia in Japan and to clarify their primary care strategies. We analyzed the relationship between the cognitive ability level determined by the survey of long-term care certification and the past questionnaire results of a specific health examination in Japan 10 years ago. To analyze the risk factors for developing dementia, multivariate analysis was used, which showed that residents who gained more than 10 kg since reaching 20 years of age had a significantly lower risk of developing dementia. Regarding the &amp;ldquo;start of lifestyle modifications&amp;rdquo; question, those who answered &amp;ldquo;already started&amp;rdquo; had a significantly lower risk than those who answered &amp;ldquo;no plan to improve&amp;rdquo;. Conversely, residents receiving insulin injections or oral hypoglycemic agents were at a significantly higher risk of developing dementia based on the results of the questionnaire of the health checkups surveyed 10 years prior. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Evaluation of Risk Factors for Dementia Incidence Based on Previous Questionnaire Results of Specific Health Checkups in Japan</dc:title> <dc:creator>Yoh Tamaki</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Yoshimune Hiratsuka</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Toshiro Kumakawa</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal1010006</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2021-12-08</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2021-12-08</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>1</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>48</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal1010006</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/6</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/5"> <title>JAL, Vol. 1, Pages 36-47: Multimorbidity and Anxiety Symptoms among Adults Aged 50 Years and Over from Six Low- and Middle-Income Countries</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/5</link> <description>Currently, there are limited data on the association between multimorbidity (i.e., ≥ 2 chronic conditions) and anxiety, especially among the older population in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine the association between multimorbidity and anxiety symptoms in a large sample of adults aged ≥ 50 years from six LMICs (China, India, Ghana, Mexico, Russia, South Africa). Cross-sectional, nationally representative, community-based data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) were analysed. A total of 11 chronic physical conditions were assessed. Anxiety symptoms referred to extreme/severe problems with worry or anxiety in the past 30 days. Multivariable logistic regression and meta-analyses were conducted. Data on 34,129 adults aged ≥ 50 years were analysed (mean (SD) age 62.4 (16.0) years; 52.1% females). Compared with no chronic conditions, 2, 3, 4, and ≥ 5 chronic conditions were significantly associated with 1.47 (95% CI = 1.08–1.98), 2.46 (95% CI = 1.74–3.47), 3.04 (95% CI = 2.15–4.30), and 4.70 (95% CI = 2.99–7.38) times higher odds of anxiety symptoms, respectively. A country-wise analysis showed that multimorbidity was significantly associated with anxiety symptoms in all six countries (OR = 1.78–12.39) with the overall estimate based on a meta-analysis being OR = 2.29 (95% CI = 1.71–3.07). Multimorbidity was associated with higher odds of anxiety symptoms among older adults in LMICs. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to assess the temporal associations and mechanisms underlying this association.</description> <pubDate>2021-10-14</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 1, Pages 36-47: Multimorbidity and Anxiety Symptoms among Adults Aged 50 Years and Over from Six Low- and Middle-Income Countries Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/5">doi: 10.3390/jal1010005</a> Authors: Lee Smith Guillermo F. López Sánchez Jae Il Shin Pinar Soysal Nicola Veronese Karel Kostev Louis Jacob Hans Oh Felipe Schuch Laurie Butler Yvonne Barnett Christopher Tejun Law Ai Koyanagi Currently, there are limited data on the association between multimorbidity (i.e., ≥ 2 chronic conditions) and anxiety, especially among the older population in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine the association between multimorbidity and anxiety symptoms in a large sample of adults aged ≥ 50 years from six LMICs (China, India, Ghana, Mexico, Russia, South Africa). Cross-sectional, nationally representative, community-based data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) were analysed. A total of 11 chronic physical conditions were assessed. Anxiety symptoms referred to extreme/severe problems with worry or anxiety in the past 30 days. Multivariable logistic regression and meta-analyses were conducted. Data on 34,129 adults aged ≥ 50 years were analysed (mean (SD) age 62.4 (16.0) years; 52.1% females). Compared with no chronic conditions, 2, 3, 4, and ≥ 5 chronic conditions were significantly associated with 1.47 (95% CI = 1.08–1.98), 2.46 (95% CI = 1.74–3.47), 3.04 (95% CI = 2.15–4.30), and 4.70 (95% CI = 2.99–7.38) times higher odds of anxiety symptoms, respectively. A country-wise analysis showed that multimorbidity was significantly associated with anxiety symptoms in all six countries (OR = 1.78–12.39) with the overall estimate based on a meta-analysis being OR = 2.29 (95% CI = 1.71–3.07). Multimorbidity was associated with higher odds of anxiety symptoms among older adults in LMICs. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to assess the temporal associations and mechanisms underlying this association. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Multimorbidity and Anxiety Symptoms among Adults Aged 50 Years and Over from Six Low- and Middle-Income Countries</dc:title> <dc:creator>Lee Smith</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Guillermo F. López Sánchez</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Jae Il Shin</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Pinar Soysal</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Nicola Veronese</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Karel Kostev</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Louis Jacob</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Hans Oh</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Felipe Schuch</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Laurie Butler</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Yvonne Barnett</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Christopher Tejun Law</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Ai Koyanagi</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal1010005</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2021-10-14</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2021-10-14</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>1</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>36</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal1010005</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/5</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/4"> <title>JAL, Vol. 1, Pages 24-35: Stressful Life Events and Late-Life Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Chinese Older Adults: Findings from a Population-Based Cohort Study in the Greater Chicago Area</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/4</link> <description>The majority of studies on stressful life events focus on posttraumatic stress disorder and depression, while less is known about whether the cumulative exposure to stressful life events over the life course will deteriorate cognitive function. This study aims to investigate the association between lifetime stressful life events and cognitive function in an immigrant population. The data were drawn from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (PINE). Face-to-face interviews were conducted with a sample of 3125 U.S. Chinese older adults in 2017–2019. Twelve types of stressful life events were assessed: physical assault, residential fires, sexual assault, miscarriage, abortion, imprisonment, being falsely accused, divorce, death of a loved one, being robbed, experiencing cancer, and being homeless. Cognitive function was measured through global cognition, episodic memory, working memory, processing speed, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Linear regression was performed. Older adults who experienced a higher number of life events were associated with higher global cognition (b = 0.11, SE = 0.01, p &amp;lt; 0.001), episodic memory (b = 0.14, SE = 0.02, p &amp;lt; 0.001), working memory (b = 0.17, SE = 0.03, p &amp;lt; 0.001), processing speed (b = 1.92, SE = 0.18, p &amp;lt; 0.001), and MMSE (b = 0.29, SE = 0.07, p &amp;lt; 0.001), while controlling for age, gender, income, education, medical comorbidities, ADL, and depressive symptoms. In contrast with earlier studies, we identified the positive relationships between aggregate and individual life events and cognition. Older adults who had prior experience with stressful life events could demonstrate an advantage over those without such experiences. In addition, older adults who experienced life event(s) during adulthood and old age are associated with higher cognitive function. Further studies could investigate how individuals respond to stressful life events and how the underlying resilience mechanism would promote cognitive function.</description> <pubDate>2021-09-27</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 1, Pages 24-35: Stressful Life Events and Late-Life Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Chinese Older Adults: Findings from a Population-Based Cohort Study in the Greater Chicago Area Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/4">doi: 10.3390/jal1010004</a> Authors: Gabriella C. Dong Mengting Li The majority of studies on stressful life events focus on posttraumatic stress disorder and depression, while less is known about whether the cumulative exposure to stressful life events over the life course will deteriorate cognitive function. This study aims to investigate the association between lifetime stressful life events and cognitive function in an immigrant population. The data were drawn from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (PINE). Face-to-face interviews were conducted with a sample of 3125 U.S. Chinese older adults in 2017–2019. Twelve types of stressful life events were assessed: physical assault, residential fires, sexual assault, miscarriage, abortion, imprisonment, being falsely accused, divorce, death of a loved one, being robbed, experiencing cancer, and being homeless. Cognitive function was measured through global cognition, episodic memory, working memory, processing speed, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Linear regression was performed. Older adults who experienced a higher number of life events were associated with higher global cognition (b = 0.11, SE = 0.01, p &amp;lt; 0.001), episodic memory (b = 0.14, SE = 0.02, p &amp;lt; 0.001), working memory (b = 0.17, SE = 0.03, p &amp;lt; 0.001), processing speed (b = 1.92, SE = 0.18, p &amp;lt; 0.001), and MMSE (b = 0.29, SE = 0.07, p &amp;lt; 0.001), while controlling for age, gender, income, education, medical comorbidities, ADL, and depressive symptoms. In contrast with earlier studies, we identified the positive relationships between aggregate and individual life events and cognition. Older adults who had prior experience with stressful life events could demonstrate an advantage over those without such experiences. In addition, older adults who experienced life event(s) during adulthood and old age are associated with higher cognitive function. Further studies could investigate how individuals respond to stressful life events and how the underlying resilience mechanism would promote cognitive function. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Stressful Life Events and Late-Life Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Chinese Older Adults: Findings from a Population-Based Cohort Study in the Greater Chicago Area</dc:title> <dc:creator>Gabriella C. Dong</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Mengting Li</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal1010004</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2021-09-27</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2021-09-27</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>1</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>24</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal1010004</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/4</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/3"> <title>JAL, Vol. 1, Pages 11-23: Physical Activity Behaviour in 50- to 74-Year-Olds: Differences between Employed and Retired Individuals</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/3</link> <description>(1) Objectives: The study aimed to examine data from Malta’s Health Interview Survey (HIS) to assess differences between persons in employment and those retired, across different time periods. (2) Methods: A repeat cross-sectional design was adopted. Data that were collected over a period of 12 years included three cross-sectional HIS waves (2002, 2008 and 2014). Data were analysed cross-sectionally and longitudinally using multilevel analysis. (3) Results: In total, 4690 participants between the ages of 50 and 74 years provided data on physical activity (PA). A statistical difference was found between those employed and retired, with the latter undertaking less PA MET min per week in 2002 and 2008. There was no difference in 2014. When adjusting for covariates, people in employment carried out less PA MET min per week (OR-0.16–−0.02) compared to retired individuals. Using multilevel modelling, this study shows that individual factors such BMI and long-standing illness are predictors of PA behaviour as opposed to time trends. (4) Conclusion: Retirement can increase PA measured in MET minutes per week. Individual factors such as BMI, long-standing health problems and self-rated health could be causing the higher levels seen in the employed population during the studied period.</description> <pubDate>2021-08-24</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 1, Pages 11-23: Physical Activity Behaviour in 50- to 74-Year-Olds: Differences between Employed and Retired Individuals Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/3">doi: 10.3390/jal1010003</a> Authors: Karl Spiteri John Xerri de Caro Kathleen England Neville Calleja Lee Smith Kate Grafton David R. Broom (1) Objectives: The study aimed to examine data from Malta’s Health Interview Survey (HIS) to assess differences between persons in employment and those retired, across different time periods. (2) Methods: A repeat cross-sectional design was adopted. Data that were collected over a period of 12 years included three cross-sectional HIS waves (2002, 2008 and 2014). Data were analysed cross-sectionally and longitudinally using multilevel analysis. (3) Results: In total, 4690 participants between the ages of 50 and 74 years provided data on physical activity (PA). A statistical difference was found between those employed and retired, with the latter undertaking less PA MET min per week in 2002 and 2008. There was no difference in 2014. When adjusting for covariates, people in employment carried out less PA MET min per week (OR-0.16–−0.02) compared to retired individuals. Using multilevel modelling, this study shows that individual factors such BMI and long-standing illness are predictors of PA behaviour as opposed to time trends. (4) Conclusion: Retirement can increase PA measured in MET minutes per week. Individual factors such as BMI, long-standing health problems and self-rated health could be causing the higher levels seen in the employed population during the studied period. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Physical Activity Behaviour in 50- to 74-Year-Olds: Differences between Employed and Retired Individuals</dc:title> <dc:creator>Karl Spiteri</dc:creator> <dc:creator>John Xerri de Caro</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Kathleen England</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Neville Calleja</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Lee Smith</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Kate Grafton</dc:creator> <dc:creator>David R. Broom</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal1010003</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2021-08-24</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2021-08-24</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>1</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>11</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal1010003</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/3</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/2"> <title>JAL, Vol. 1, Pages 3-10: Changes in Daily Life Satisfaction among Community Dwelling Elderly during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/2</link> <description>Previous studies pointed out that the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had a lesser effect on elderly people compared to their younger counterparts. However, a limited number of studies have analyzed the effects of COVID-19 on the psychological aspects of the elderly using longitudinal data. Therefore, the main objective of our study was to clarify the changes in self-rated overall daily life satisfaction among community dwelling elderly in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used the longitudinal data of 5176 individuals aged 15 years and older from the first and second internet surveys on “Changes in Daily Life Awareness and Behavior under the Influence of the New Coronavirus Infection” conducted by the Cabinet Office of Japan. The estimation result of the mixed-effects model indicated that elderly people were more adversely affected by the first wave of the pandemic (May 2020) compared to their younger counterparts. However, by the beginning of the third wave (December 2020), they had largely recovered to the same level as that of before the COVID-19 pandemic, which suggested that the elderly managed to cope with psychological distress to some extent during the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic.</description> <pubDate>2021-08-10</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 1, Pages 3-10: Changes in Daily Life Satisfaction among Community Dwelling Elderly during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/2">doi: 10.3390/jal1010002</a> Authors: Akira Ishida Emiko Ishida Previous studies pointed out that the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had a lesser effect on elderly people compared to their younger counterparts. However, a limited number of studies have analyzed the effects of COVID-19 on the psychological aspects of the elderly using longitudinal data. Therefore, the main objective of our study was to clarify the changes in self-rated overall daily life satisfaction among community dwelling elderly in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used the longitudinal data of 5176 individuals aged 15 years and older from the first and second internet surveys on “Changes in Daily Life Awareness and Behavior under the Influence of the New Coronavirus Infection” conducted by the Cabinet Office of Japan. The estimation result of the mixed-effects model indicated that elderly people were more adversely affected by the first wave of the pandemic (May 2020) compared to their younger counterparts. However, by the beginning of the third wave (December 2020), they had largely recovered to the same level as that of before the COVID-19 pandemic, which suggested that the elderly managed to cope with psychological distress to some extent during the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic. ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>Changes in Daily Life Satisfaction among Community Dwelling Elderly during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan</dc:title> <dc:creator>Akira Ishida</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Emiko Ishida</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal1010002</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2021-08-10</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2021-08-10</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>1</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Article</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>3</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal1010002</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/2</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <item rdf:about="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/1"> <title>JAL, Vol. 1, Pages 1-2: The Journal of Ageing and Longevity: Taking a Holistic View of the Human Healthspan</title> <link>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/1</link> <description>It is our pleasure to inaugurate the new open access journal, the Journal of Ageing and Longevity (JAL, ISSN 2673-9259) [...]</description> <pubDate>2021-05-19</pubDate> <content:encoded><![CDATA[ JAL, Vol. 1, Pages 1-2: The Journal of Ageing and Longevity: Taking a Holistic View of the Human Healthspan Journal of Ageing and Longevity <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/1">doi: 10.3390/jal1010001</a> Authors: Mark A. Tully Graham P. Pawelec It is our pleasure to inaugurate the new open access journal, the Journal of Ageing and Longevity (JAL, ISSN 2673-9259) [...] ]]></content:encoded> <dc:title>The Journal of Ageing and Longevity: Taking a Holistic View of the Human Healthspan</dc:title> <dc:creator>Mark A. Tully</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Graham P. Pawelec</dc:creator> <dc:identifier>doi: 10.3390/jal1010001</dc:identifier> <dc:source>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</dc:source> <dc:date>2021-05-19</dc:date> <prism:publicationName>Journal of Ageing and Longevity</prism:publicationName> <prism:publicationDate>2021-05-19</prism:publicationDate> <prism:volume>1</prism:volume> <prism:number>1</prism:number> <prism:section>Editorial</prism:section> <prism:startingPage>1</prism:startingPage> <prism:doi>10.3390/jal1010001</prism:doi> <prism:url>https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9259/1/1/1</prism:url> <cc:license rdf:resource="CC BY 4.0"/> </item> <cc:License rdf:about="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"> <cc:permits rdf:resource="https://creativecommons.org/ns#Reproduction" /> <cc:permits rdf:resource="https://creativecommons.org/ns#Distribution" /> <cc:permits rdf:resource="https://creativecommons.org/ns#DerivativeWorks" /> </cc:License> </rdf:RDF>