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Whisper Systems - Wikipedia
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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Open_Whisper_Systems" title="Open Whisper Systems">Open Whisper Systems</a>, the open-source software group that started <a href="/wiki/Signal_(messaging_app)" class="mw-redirect" title="Signal (messaging app)">Signal</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Whisper_(app)" title="Whisper (app)">Whisper</a>, a product of WhisperText LLC.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American enterprise mobile security company</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Whisper Systems</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Encryption_software" title="Encryption software">Encryption software</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mobile_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile software">Mobile software</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mobile_security" title="Mobile security">Mobile security</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">2010</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founders</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moxie_Marlinspike" title="Moxie Marlinspike">Moxie Marlinspike</a></li> <li>Stuart Anderson</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Defunct</th><td class="infobox-data">November 28, 2011<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">2011-11-28</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fate</th><td class="infobox-data">Acquired by <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco, California">San Francisco</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whispersys.com/">www<wbr />.whispersys<wbr />.com</a></span><br />See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130117185856/http://www.whispersys.com/">Archived</a> 17 January 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Whisper Systems</b> was an American enterprise mobile security company that was co-founded by security researcher <a href="/wiki/Moxie_Marlinspike" title="Moxie Marlinspike">Moxie Marlinspike</a> and roboticist Stuart Anderson in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-wired1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wired1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company was acquired by <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> in November 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-venturebeat1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-venturebeat1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of the company's software products were released under <a href="/wiki/Open-source_license" title="Open-source license">open-source licenses</a> after the acquisition.<sup id="cite_ref-mashable2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mashable2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An independent group called <a href="/wiki/Open_Whisper_Systems" title="Open Whisper Systems">Open Whisper Systems</a> later picked up the development of this open-source software,<sup id="cite_ref-welcome_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-welcome-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which led to the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Signal_Technology_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Signal Technology Foundation">Signal Technology Foundation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-signal-foundation_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-signal-foundation-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-propublica_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-propublica-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whisper_Systems&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Security researcher <a href="/wiki/Moxie_Marlinspike" title="Moxie Marlinspike">Moxie Marlinspike</a> and roboticist Stuart Anderson co-founded Whisper Systems in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-bloomberg1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bloomberg1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wired1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wired1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company produced <a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">proprietary</a> enterprise mobile security software. Among these were an encrypted texting program called <a href="/wiki/TextSecure" title="TextSecure">TextSecure</a> and an encrypted voice calling app called <a href="/wiki/RedPhone" class="mw-redirect" title="RedPhone">RedPhone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-forbes1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forbes1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They also developed a firewall and tools for encrypting other forms of data.<sup id="cite_ref-wired1_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wired1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 28, 2011, Whisper Systems announced that it had been acquired by <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>. The financial terms of the deal were not disclosed by either company.<sup id="cite_ref-venturebeat1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-venturebeat1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The acquisition was done "primarily so that Mr. Marlinspike could help the then-startup improve its security".<sup id="cite_ref-Yadron-2015_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yadron-2015-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly after the acquisition, Whisper Systems' RedPhone service was made unavailable.<sup id="cite_ref-forbes2_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forbes2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some criticized the removal, arguing that the software was "specifically targeted [to help] people under repressive regimes" and that it left people like the Egyptians in "a dangerous position" during the events of the <a href="/wiki/2011_Egyptian_revolution" title="2011 Egyptian revolution">2011 Egyptian revolution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wired2_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wired2-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Twitter released TextSecure as <a href="/wiki/Free_and_open-source_software" title="Free and open-source software">free and open-source software</a> under the <a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GPLv3</a> license in December 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-twitter1_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twitter1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-whispersys2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whispersys2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wired1_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wired1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mashable2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mashable2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> RedPhone was also released under the same license in July 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-whispersys3_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whispersys3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Marlinspike later left Twitter and founded <a href="/wiki/Open_Whisper_Systems" title="Open Whisper Systems">Open Whisper Systems</a> as a collaborative Open Source project for the continued development of TextSecure and RedPhone.<sup id="cite_ref-wired3_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wired3-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-welcome_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-welcome-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Open Whisper Systems consisted of a large community of volunteer Open Source contributors, as well as a small team of dedicated grant-funded developers. In November 2015, Open Whisper Systems merged TextSecure with RedPhone and renamed it as <a href="/wiki/Signal_(messaging_app)" class="mw-redirect" title="Signal (messaging app)">Signal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-just-signal_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-just-signal-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018, Signal Messenger was incorporated as an LLC by Moxie Marlinspike and <a href="/wiki/Brian_Acton" title="Brian Acton">Brian Acton</a> and then rolled under the independent non-profit <a href="/wiki/Signal_Technology_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Signal Technology Foundation">Signal Technology Foundation</a>. Today, the Signal app is developed by Signal Messenger LLC, which is funded by the Signal Foundation.<sup id="cite_ref-signal-foundation_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-signal-foundation-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-propublica_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-propublica-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The foundation has stated publicly that they are not tied to any major technology companies and "can never be acquired by one either."<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Products">Products</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whisper_Systems&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Products"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Whisper Systems' products were all made for Android and included:<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><b>TextSecure</b>: An app that allowed the user to exchange end-to-end encrypted <a href="/wiki/SMS" title="SMS">SMS</a> messages with other TextSecure users.</li> <li><b>RedPhone</b>: An app that allowed the user to make end-to-end encrypted <a href="/wiki/VoIP" class="mw-redirect" title="VoIP">VoIP</a> calls to other RedPhone users.</li> <li><b>Flashback</b>: An app that allowed the user to store encrypted backups of their device in the <a href="/wiki/Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">cloud</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>WhisperCore</b>: An app that integrated with the underlying Android OS to protect everything the user kept on their phone. The initial beta featured full disk encryption, network security tools, encrypted backup, selective permissions, and basic platform management tools for <a href="/wiki/Nexus_S" title="Nexus S">Nexus S</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nexus_One" title="Nexus One">Nexus One</a> phones.</li> <li><b>WhisperMonitor</b>: An app that worked with WhisperCore to provide a software firewall capable of dynamic <a href="/wiki/Egress_filtering" title="Egress filtering">egress filtering</a> and real-time connection monitoring, giving the user control over where their data was going and what their apps were doing.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whisper_Systems&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mergers_and_acquisitions_by_Twitter" title="List of mergers and acquisitions by Twitter">List of mergers and acquisitions by Twitter</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whisper_Systems&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wired1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wired1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wired1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wired1_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wired1_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Twitter_navbox" title="Template:Twitter navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Twitter_navbox" title="Template talk:Twitter navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Twitter_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Twitter navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Twitter" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Twitter,_Inc." title="Twitter, Inc.">Twitter, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X_Corp." title="X Corp.">X Corp.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitter_under_Elon_Musk" title="Twitter under Elon Musk">Twitter under Elon Musk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Dorsey" title="Jack Dorsey">Jack Dorsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah_Glass" title="Noah Glass">Noah Glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biz_Stone" title="Biz Stone">Biz Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evan_Williams_(Internet_entrepreneur)" title="Evan Williams (Internet entrepreneur)">Evan Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Costolo" title="Dick Costolo">Dick Costolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parag_Agrawal" title="Parag Agrawal">Parag Agrawal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elon_Musk" title="Elon Musk">Elon Musk</a></li> <li><a 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title="List of Twitter services and applications">Services and applications</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hootsuite" title="Hootsuite">Hootsuite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tweetbot" title="Tweetbot">Tweetbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TweetDeck" title="TweetDeck">TweetDeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitterrific" title="Twitterrific">Twitterrific</a></li></ul></li> <li>Statistics <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most-followed_Twitter_accounts" title="List of most-followed Twitter accounts">Most-followed accounts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most-retweeted_tweets" title="List of most-retweeted tweets">Most-retweeted tweets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most-liked_tweets" title="List of most-liked tweets">Most-liked tweets</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tween_(software)" title="Tween (software)">Tween</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tweetie" title="Tweetie">Tweetie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twimight" title="Twimight">Twimight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TwitPic" title="TwitPic">TwitPic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Twitter" title="Black Twitter">Black Twitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dril" title="Dril">dril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frogtwitter" title="Frogtwitter">Frogtwitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milkshake_Duck" title="Milkshake Duck">Milkshake Duck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_Square_(San_Francisco)" title="Market Square (San Francisco)">Headquarters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stan_Twitter" title="Stan Twitter">Stan Twitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitter_trends" class="mw-redirect" title="Twitter trends">Trends</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitterature" title="Twitterature">Twitterature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitter_bomb" title="Twitter bomb">Twitter bomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitter_bot" title="Twitter bot">Twitter bot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitter_diplomacy" title="Twitter diplomacy">Twitter diplomacy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Twitter" title="History of Twitter">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Twitter_account_hijacking" title="2020 Twitter account hijacking">2020 account hijacking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acquisition_of_Twitter_by_Elon_Musk" title="Acquisition of Twitter by Elon Musk">Acquisition by Elon Musk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_of_Twitter" title="Censorship of Twitter">Censorship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blocking_of_Twitter_in_Brazil" title="Blocking of Twitter in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blocking_of_Twitter_in_Nigeria" title="Blocking of Twitter in Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Republik_Twitter" title="Republik Twitter">Republik Twitter</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mergers_and_acquisitions_by_Twitter" title="List of mergers and acquisitions by Twitter">Mergers and acquisitions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BackType" title="BackType">BackType</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluefin_Labs" title="Bluefin Labs">Bluefin Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasient" title="Dasient">Dasient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnip" title="Gnip">Gnip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitro" title="Mitro">Mitro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namo_Media" title="Namo Media">Namo Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posterous" title="Posterous">Posterous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summify" title="Summify">Summify</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trendrr" title="Trendrr">Trendrr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TweetDeck" title="TweetDeck">TweetDeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tweetie" title="Tweetie">Tweetie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vine_(service)" title="Vine (service)">Vine</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Whisper Systems</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periscope_(service)" title="Periscope (service)">Periscope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitter_suspensions" title="Twitter suspensions">Suspensions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/December_2022_Twitter_suspensions" title="December 2022 Twitter suspensions">December 2022</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topsy_Labs" title="Topsy Labs">Topsy Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitter_Files" title="Twitter Files">Twitter Files</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Twitter,_Inc._v._Taamneh" title="Twitter, Inc. v. Taamneh">Twitter, Inc. v. Taamneh</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitter_usage" title="Twitter usage">Usage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_Twitter_by_public_figures" title="Use of Twitter by public figures">public figures</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WikiLeaks-related_Twitter_court_orders" title="WikiLeaks-related Twitter court orders">WikiLeaks-related court orders</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐lzfwn Cached time: 20241122145639 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.701 seconds Real time usage: 0.896 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2407/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 58616/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2507/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 20/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 92297/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.480/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7247097/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 829.496 1 -total 42.67% 353.944 1 Template:Reflist 20.52% 170.187 1 Template:Infobox_company 19.82% 164.377 8 Template:Cite_news 17.08% 141.638 1 Template:Infobox 16.91% 140.280 1 Template:Twitter_navbox 16.40% 136.032 1 Template:Navbox 11.78% 97.716 1 Template:Short_description 10.95% 90.856 14 Template:Cite_web 7.41% 61.501 7 Template:Main_other --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:33921476-0!canonical and timestamp 20241122145639 and revision id 1245478071. 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