CINXE.COM

Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/"/><meta name="X-UA-Compatible" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrom=1"/><meta name="msapplication-tap-highlight" content="no"/><title>Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory</title><meta name="title" content="Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory"/><meta name="description" content="PopMech travels to Tomilino, Russia, to a factory that has been building Russian spacesuits for 60-plus years."/><meta name="keywords" content="space,cosmonaut,russia,Manned Space Flight,space suits"/><meta name="theme-color" content="#000000"/><link href="/_assets/design-tokens/popularmechanics/static/images/favicon.ee0d102.ico" rel="icon"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Popular Mechanics"/><meta name="fb:app_id" content="218456798186610" property="fb:app_id"/><meta name="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/popularmechanics" property="article:publisher"/><meta name="twitter:site" content="@PopMech"/><meta name="google-site-verification" content="98saqo61zkfl_yfZaXKLgLkazlZwpUcMCkqCFEO-O18"/><meta property="og:title" content="Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory"/><meta property="og:description" content="PopMech travels to Tomilino, Russia, to a factory that has been building Russian spacesuits for 60-plus years."/><meta name="parsely-metadata" content="{&quot;socialHeadline&quot;:&quot;Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory&quot;}"/><meta name="robots" content="noarchive,noai,noimageai,max-image-preview:large,max-snippet:-1,max-video-preview:30"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/_assets/design-tokens/popularmechanics/static/images/apple-touch-icon.5d5fa0d.png"/><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Popular Mechanics - Space" href="/rss/space.xml"/><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Popular Mechanics" href="/rss/all.xml"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=1200:*"/><meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"/><meta property="og:image:height" content="600"/><meta name="thumbnail" content="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:1xh;center,top&amp;resize=320:*"/><meta name="sailthru.image.full" content="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=320:*"/><meta name="sailthru.image.thumb" content="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:1xh;center,top"/><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=640:*"/><meta content="https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/" property="og:url"/><meta name="auto-publish" content="evergreen"/><meta property="og:type" content="article"/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta name="article:opinion" property="article:opinion" content="false"/><meta content="Rockets" property="article:section"/><meta content="2013-10-21T17:00:00Z" property="article:modified_time"/><meta content="2013-10-21T17:00:00Z" property="article:published_time"/><meta name="sailthru.excerpt" content="PopMech travels to Tomilino, Russia, to a factory that has been building Russian spacesuits for 60-plus years."/><meta name="sailthru.tags" content="space,Space,rockets,Rockets,Popular Mechanics-US"/><meta name="sailthru.date" content="2013-10-21 17:00:00"/><meta name="sailthru.socialtitle" content="Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory"/><meta name="sailthru.contenttype" content="listicle"/><meta id="m1" name="m1" itemprop="cssSelector " content=".content-hed"/><meta id="m2" name="m2" itemprop="cssSelector" content=".content-dek p"/><link href="/" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SpeakableSpecification" itemref="m1 m2"/><meta name="next-head-count" content="46"/><script id="settings" data-nscript="beforeInteractive">window.__FRE={env:"production",ver:"0.11.576",cdn:true},window.__SITE={brand:"popularmechanics",domain:"https://www.popularmechanics.com",dk:"aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucG9wdWxhcm1lY2hhbmljcy5jb::20=",force_www:true,id:"a4f9566a-1fd0-484c-b731-150b9bda9ffa",locale:"en-us",locale_path:"",trailing_slash:true,assetPrefix:"/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm"},Object.defineProperties(window,{ADSFREE:{value:false,writable:!1},GDPR:{value:false,writable:!1}});</script><script id="device-detect" data-nscript="beforeInteractive">(()=>{const o="ontouchstart"in window||!!navigator.maxTouchPoints||window.location.search.includes("__touch"),t=window.matchMedia("only screen and (max-width: 767px)").matches,n=o&&t,i=o&&!t,e=[n?"mobile":"no-mobile",i?"tablet":"no-tablet",o?"touch":"no-touch"];window.touch=o,window.tablet=i,window.mobile=n,window.desktop=!(n||i),document.documentElement.classList.add(...e)})();</script><script id="journey-info" data-nscript="beforeInteractive">(()=>{if(window.JOURNEY_INFO)return;const e=new RegExp(["Publication-Access-for-Facebook","adwallet"].join("|"),"i").test(navigator.userAgent);window.JOURNEY_INFO={status:"pending",isBot:e};const i=Number.parseInt("null",10);Number.isNaN(i)||(window.JOURNEY_INFO.previewBlockerSlidePosition=i)})();</script><noscript data-n-css></noscript><script defer noModule src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/polyfills-42372ed130431b0a.js"></script><script id="onetrust-script" src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" async fetchpriority="high" data-domain-script="4a26cfdb-2c0c-40f8-972f-558d4bebc170" data-document-language="true" data-nscript="beforeInteractive"></script><script id="moapt-data-bundle" src="/_assets/moapt/2.262.0/moapt-data.js" async fetchpriority="high" data-nscript="beforeInteractive"></script><script id="moapt-bundle" src="/_assets/moapt/2.262.0/moapt-bundle-hdm.js" async fetchpriority="high" data-nscript="beforeInteractive"></script><script defer src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/80498.ac7cf4daa59d0ae8.js"></script><script defer src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/25371-13d550f975e11742.js"></script><script defer src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/62062.8f86c2c2fdbd5aa1.js"></script><script defer src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/7141.52566618621708bc.js"></script><script defer src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/8887.ba5024790dad77bc.js"></script><script defer src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/58832.8dffadb3716f0a15.js"></script><script defer src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/94957.a063425f7c408792.js"></script><script defer src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/59037.96e90cb014aeea22.js"></script><script defer src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/42158.1a7151b1712ff3a4.js"></script><script defer src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/32078-1111d0596ad02834.js"></script><script defer src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/94123.087520bec1559f2e.js"></script><script defer src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/46664.523844ca574d881e.js"></script><script defer src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/266.a3e09efdb0965c39.js"></script><script defer src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/18852.7d314c0e302ba336.js"></script><script defer src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/12637.89b1e7b4831d1402.js"></script><script defer src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/17252.8548de7228efa7e4.js"></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/webpack-d499e029454da56b.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/framework-2b2b58bbe4aef117.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/main-95534ba70d5b6b91.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/pages/_app-73f9df0aa4a29132.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/93584-503463645e1f4044.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/41952-04924a6f78d59366.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/14916-2ad89b9781e3c9b1.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/34377-6ee2f57addbe2e0c.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/76610-0a3d80e88584d96f.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/35711-e8d547ce219b519a.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/90685-88e6f63d6e2aea55.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/57490-28b535c4d3d842a6.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/36369-445dfb857d7de440.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/21905-ef0aee7186811173.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/26775-1a391eec7d2fcc33.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/95314-08e0c9b88bd2bdd2.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/23470-222fafe0fdbdd981.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/52865-dceb75784c542ee0.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/86909-9dafecfe035d561f.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/31958-0a675f1ec5bcf129.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/16800-70ace7890c7fd81a.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/24723-9d07c773a0e095cf.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/68630-d434ad2801edac1d.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/96413-34843b53ea003e60.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/10944-a34723dabfef6ee5.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/20098-5f7be4c697f76d50.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/88333-24dc2df25a33cbd4.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/50268-85a963f4a1a0b599.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/10266-dc6b7d72033ac7d0.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/69450-32adaa0a225475ac.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/66921-836bd22e3e4a7e54.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/66307-41eec6cf6343502e.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/82941-5d3a8a88a511a608.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/7655-7afbc1a261ad64af.js" defer></script><script src="/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/chunks/pages/_templates/listicle-cd1ac5951debe158.js" defer></script><link rel="preload" href="/_assets/design-tokens/popularmechanics/static/fonts/SimplonMono-Regular-WebXL.f370f34.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"/><style type="text/css" id="deferred-fonts" media="none">@font-face {font-family: 'FreightSansW01'; src: url('/_assets/design-tokens/popularmechanics/static/fonts/84efe8b8-d2b9-464c-93b4-1237a3cb52c3.3793281.woff2') format('woff2'); font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-display: fallback;} @font-face {font-family: 'Inter'; src: url('/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/fonts/inter-v3-latin-regular.c8ad008.woff2') format('woff2'); font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-display: fallback;} @font-face {font-family: 'UnitedSans'; src: url('/_assets/design-tokens/popularmechanics/static/fonts/UnitedSansCdBk.cde089b.woff2') format('woff2'); font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-display: fallback;} @font-face {font-family: 'Charter'; src: url('/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/fonts/74c2aebb-af4a-4c7d-a7f5-2db2c73334eb.c4cafa4.woff2') format('woff2'); font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-display: fallback;} @font-face {font-family: 'Placard'; src: url('/_assets/design-tokens/popularmechanics/static/fonts/a8279a17-0be8-479f-b2b7-0b2adea89858.c99c3e4.woff2') format('woff2'); font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-display: fallback;} @font-face {font-family: 'FreightSansW01'; src: url('/_assets/design-tokens/popularmechanics/static/fonts/149b5d44-0082-428a-8b55-bbb8071c62af.7f295f6.woff2') format('woff2'); font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-display: fallback;} @font-face {font-family: 'Charter'; src: url('/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/fonts/e38fddd1-89a4-4995-9f7f-3c701b2e62f1.dd7387f.woff2') format('woff2'); font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-display: fallback;} @font-face {font-family: 'Charter'; src: url('/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/fonts/e4fc2e26-0ce1-4e6c-bb35-330c133f041c.c08ce2c.woff2') format('woff2'); font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-display: fallback;} </style><script id="json-ld" type="application/ld+json">{"@type":"NewsArticle","thumbnailUrl":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:1xh;center,top&resize=100:*","datePublished":"2013-10-21T17:00:00Z","headline":"Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory","articleBody":"PopMech travels to Tomilino, Russia, to a factory that has been building Russian spacesuits for 60-plus years. Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory The town of Tomilino, some 16 miles southeast of Moscow, is rather unassuming about its role in the history of space exploration. A snack kiosk and a shaky sign for a bus stop are about all there is to greet a visitor getting off the commuter train. There is no statue of the world's first cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin, in his bright-orange spacesuit waving to earthlings after his successful landing. But that's a shame, because Tomilino is the home of the world's few workshops where space travelers can get their outfits.\r\n\r\nEstablished in October 1952, top-secret Factory No. 918 developed all Russian spacesuits along with numerous life-support and safety systems, including catapult chairs for military pilots, various protective gear, and even space-based toilets and showers. With the work no longer classified, the company, renamed Zvezda (Star), carries on its unique and often dangerous experimental work for aviation and space here: Minutes after I passed through security into Zvezda's campus, a loud bang shook the air. \"A catapult just went off,\" my guide said. \r\n\r\nMost of the out-of-this-world artifacts developed at Zvezda over its six-decade history are now displayed inside the company's recently renovated demo hall. Resembling an airlock of some interplanetary cruiser, this long gallery is lined with glass capsules that contain original spacesuits worn by pioneers of space exploration during their actual missions. \r\n\r\nAnatoly Zak is the publisher of RussianSpaceWeb.com and the author of Russia in Space, the Past Explained, the Future Explored, just published by Apogee Prime.\r\n The USSR started its foray into space at the beginning of the 1950s by launching dogs on ballistic missiles into arc-shaped trajectories that touched the edge of space. For these flights, Factory No. 918 designed rocket-powered sleds and pressure suits complete with transparent helmets. These enabled a pair of dogs to eject and land safely under a parachute after their rocket had exhausted its fuel and began falling back to Earth. Sadly, some dogs did perish due to equipment failures, including the famous Laika, whose cabin (far right) was not designed to return from the first and only one-way mission into orbit launched by the USSR in November 1957.\r\n During the world's first orbital spaceflight, on April 12, 1961, Yuri Gagarin was riding the Vostok spacecraft in the V3A ejection seat and wore the SK-1 safety suit now both prominently displayed in the demo hall. However, after Gagarin's SK-1 suit was returned to its creators shortly after Vostok's landing, they had little appreciation for its historic value, seeing it only as another iteration in their unending race to improve flight gear. As a result, the priceless artifact ended up with two holes cut in the chest area, made by engineers pondering upgrades. \r\n According to Zvezda folklore, the flight jacket worn by the first woman in space, Valentina Tereshkova, during her difficult three-day mission 50 years ago did not survive a botched post-landing attempt by the company's technicians to machine wash it. However, its original Dove of Peace insignia was reportedly saved and sewn onto this similar garment now on display.\r\n Aleksei Leonov was wearing the Berkut spacesuit during the world's first spacewalk, taken from the Voskhod-2 spacecraft in March 1965. A 20-kilogram Berkut sported the first Soviet backpack life-support system, designated KP-55. The 21.5-kilogram unit could sustain a cosmonaut for 30 to 45 minutes during a spacewalk or in an emergency onboard the spacecraft.\r\n During the 1960s, engineers at Factory No. 918 endeavored to resolve the out-of-this-world problem of cosmonauts maneuvering outside their spacecraft. The result was a Unit for Cosmonaut Transfer and Maneuvering, UMPK. This space bike was to be propelled by 84 solid-propellent motors and 14 cold-gas thrusters. It was to be tested during Voskhod-5 or Voskhod-6 missions. But both were cancelled, leaving the UMPK unit just a museum artifact.\r\n The USSR developed a much more advanced personal maneuvering unit, called 21KS, during the 1980s. It was successfully tested onboard the Mir space station in February 1990, when a pair of cosmonauts took turns to fly 33 to 45 meters (more than 100 feet) from their orbital home. Unlike American astronauts who pioneered the use of a similar contraption onboard the space shuttle six years earlier, the Soviet cosmonauts remained tethered to the station. \r\n The development of the Buran, the Soviet equivalent of the space shuttle, posed new challenges for spacesuit designers. During early test launches of the winged spacecraft, Buran's pilots would sit in K-36RB ejection seats, ready to bail out in the event of a catastrophic failure up to an altitude of 40 kilometers. To protect the pilot from the enormous heat generated during a supersonic free-fall from the stratosphere, the Strizh spacesuit, seen here, had a leather-covered external layer. The Strizh could also protect pilots in case Buran's cabin was breached in orbit, giving the crew 12 to 24 hours to return their space plane back to Earth. During its development, one of the Strizh suits (second from the left) was placed in an unmanned Soyuz rocket and ejected in midflight in order to prove its design. However, the Buran spacecraft flew only one unmanned mission before the program stalled at the end of the Cold War.\r\n During a highly publicized MARS-500 experiment in 2011, a group of volunteers was locked up for a year and a half in a life-size mockup of a Mars-bound spacecraft. Although the group never truly left Earth, the project gave Russian engineers their first opportunity to practice building a spacesuit for walks on the surface of the Red Planet (left).\r\n They're much less glamorous but no less necessary than spacesuits. Space toilets of several generations have been built here. The museum display represents the ASU-8A device, whose key components were first developed for the Buran orbiter. Later, a modified version provided conveniences for the crew of the Mir space station. Although it was designed for a spacecraft with a crew of three to six, ASU-8A required a periodic replacement of waste containers (right), which would be loaded into departing cargo ships to burn up in the atmosphere along with other trash.\r\n Engineers at Zvezda attempted to bring Soviet \"space hotels\" to a five-star level with the development of an orbital shower. It was first employed onboard the Salyut-6 space station, launched in 1977. However, veterans of the project admit that the hassle of using the water-hungry device rendered it impractical.\r\n Russia's spacefaring past and future meet inside Zvezda's vast centrifuge room. Currently undergoing renovations for the future development work, the facility was once a backdrop for the iconic footage of Yuri Gagarin enduring a dizzying centrifuge spin. \r\n The latest incarnation of the Orlan spacesuit undergoes final checks before its delivery to the International Space Station, where it would be used for multiple ventures onto the exterior of the orbiting outpost staged from the Russian segment of the ISS.\r\n Spacesuits designed for spacewalks can be tested inside a 50-cubic-meter KS-5411 vacuum chamber that mimics conditions in space. The facility was once used to prepare a welding experiment, which was later repeated onboard the Salyut-7 space station.\r\n All cosmonauts (and now astronauts) preparing to fly on board Soyuz spacecraft undergo a risky test inside the vacuum chamber at Zvezda. The procedure aims to familiarize Soyuz crew members with \"space-grade\" vacuum and demonstrate protective capabilities of their Sokol rescue suits. Ironically, Soyuz crews will never experience vacuum conditions during a real flight unless their spacecraft is hit with a catastrophic failure leading to a loss of pressure in the cabin. When this photo was taken, a European astronaut scheduled to fly to the ISS was undergoing the test inside the chamber. A medical emergency team was on standby in the same room.\r\n Relying on 60 years of experience in designing cosmonaut chairs for Russia's spacecraft, engineers at Zvezda are currently working on a new seating arrangement for the next-generation spacecraft. They used a cutting-edge 3D printing technology to produce this full-scale prototype of the chair, dubbed Cheget after a mountain in the Caucasus range. Still, the chair could go through many incarnations before the final design emerges.\r\n","wordCount":null,"articleSection":"Space","image":[{"@type":"ImageObject","height":1200,"thumbnail":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:1xh;center,top&resize=100:*","url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:1xh;center,top&resize=1200:*","width":1200},{"@type":"ImageObject","height":900,"thumbnail":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:1xh;center,top&resize=100:*","url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&resize=1200:*","width":1200},{"@type":"ImageObject","height":675,"thumbnail":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:1xh;center,top&resize=100:*","url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh&resize=1200:*","width":1200}],"mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/","@type":"WebPage"},"publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"Popular Mechanics","sameAs":["https://twitter.com/PopMech","https://www.tiktok.com/@popularmechanics","https://www.youtube.com/c/popularmechanics","https://www.facebook.com/popularmechanics","https://www.instagram.com/popularmechanics/","https://www.pinterest.com/popmech/"],"logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/_assets/design-tokens/popularmechanics/static/images/logos/logo-jsonld.2362803.png","width":312,"height":60},"parentOrganization":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"Hearst Corporation"}},"keywords":["content-type: Default","locale: US","displayType: listicle"],"url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/","isBasedOn":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/","isAccessibleForFree":"False","hasPart":[{"@type":"WebPageElement","isAccessibleForFree":"False","cssSelector":".content-container"}],"description":"PopMech travels to Tomilino, Russia, to a factory that has been building Russian spacesuits for 60-plus years.","author":{"name":"Anatoly Zak","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/author/7726/anatoly-zak/","@type":"Person","description":"Anatoly Zak is a publisher of RussianSpaceWeb.com and the author of \"Russia in Space: the Past Explained, the Future Explored.\"","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/rover/profile_photos/dc7fbbcb-8d66-410e-838c-24920a9e5ca9_1509754896.jpg","email":"unknown@hearst.com"},"@context":"http://schema.org","about":{"@type":"ItemList","numberOfItems":16,"itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory ","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/#slide-1","description":"The town of Tomilino, some 16 miles southeast of Moscow, is rather unassuming about its role in the history of space exploration. A snack kiosk and a shaky sign for a bus stop are about all there is to greet a visitor getting off the commuter train. There is no statue of the world's first cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin, in his bright-orange spacesuit waving to earthlings after his successful landing. But that's a shame, because Tomilino is the home of the world's few workshops where space travelers can get their outfits.\r\n\r\nEstablished in October 1952, top-secret Factory No. 918 developed all Russian spacesuits along with numerous life-support and safety systems, including catapult chairs for military pilots, various protective gear, and even space-based toilets and showers. With the work no longer classified, the company, renamed Zvezda (Star), carries on its unique and often dangerous experimental work for aviation and space here: Minutes after I passed through security into Zvezda's campus, a loud bang shook the air. \"A catapult just went off,\" my guide said. \r\n\r\nMost of the out-of-this-world artifacts developed at Zvezda over its six-decade history are now displayed inside the company's recently renovated demo hall. Resembling an airlock of some interplanetary cruiser, this long gallery is lined with glass capsules that contain original spacesuits worn by pioneers of space exploration during their actual missions. \r\n\r\nAnatoly Zak is the publisher of RussianSpaceWeb.com and the author of Russia in Space, the Past Explained, the Future Explored, just published by Apogee Prime.\r\n","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/#slide-2","description":"The USSR started its foray into space at the beginning of the 1950s by launching dogs on ballistic missiles into arc-shaped trajectories that touched the edge of space. For these flights, Factory No. 918 designed rocket-powered sleds and pressure suits complete with transparent helmets. These enabled a pair of dogs to eject and land safely under a parachute after their rocket had exhausted its fuel and began falling back to Earth. Sadly, some dogs did perish due to equipment failures, including the famous Laika, whose cabin (far right) was not designed to return from the first and only one-way mission into orbit launched by the USSR in November 1957.\r\n","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/#slide-3","description":"During the world's first orbital spaceflight, on April 12, 1961, Yuri Gagarin was riding the Vostok spacecraft in the V3A ejection seat and wore the SK-1 safety suit now both prominently displayed in the demo hall. However, after Gagarin's SK-1 suit was returned to its creators shortly after Vostok's landing, they had little appreciation for its historic value, seeing it only as another iteration in their unending race to improve flight gear. As a result, the priceless artifact ended up with two holes cut in the chest area, made by engineers pondering upgrades. \r\n","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/#slide-4","description":"According to Zvezda folklore, the flight jacket worn by the first woman in space, Valentina Tereshkova, during her difficult three-day mission 50 years ago did not survive a botched post-landing attempt by the company's technicians to machine wash it. However, its original Dove of Peace insignia was reportedly saved and sewn onto this similar garment now on display.\r\n","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/#slide-5","description":"Aleksei Leonov was wearing the Berkut spacesuit during the world's first spacewalk, taken from the Voskhod-2 spacecraft in March 1965. A 20-kilogram Berkut sported the first Soviet backpack life-support system, designated KP-55. The 21.5-kilogram unit could sustain a cosmonaut for 30 to 45 minutes during a spacewalk or in an emergency onboard the spacecraft.\r\n","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":6,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/#slide-6","description":"During the 1960s, engineers at Factory No. 918 endeavored to resolve the out-of-this-world problem of cosmonauts maneuvering outside their spacecraft. The result was a Unit for Cosmonaut Transfer and Maneuvering, UMPK. This space bike was to be propelled by 84 solid-propellent motors and 14 cold-gas thrusters. It was to be tested during Voskhod-5 or Voskhod-6 missions. But both were cancelled, leaving the UMPK unit just a museum artifact.\r\n","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":7,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/#slide-7","description":"The USSR developed a much more advanced personal maneuvering unit, called 21KS, during the 1980s. It was successfully tested onboard the Mir space station in February 1990, when a pair of cosmonauts took turns to fly 33 to 45 meters (more than 100 feet) from their orbital home. Unlike American astronauts who pioneered the use of a similar contraption onboard the space shuttle six years earlier, the Soviet cosmonauts remained tethered to the station. \r\n","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":8,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/#slide-8","description":"The development of the Buran, the Soviet equivalent of the space shuttle, posed new challenges for spacesuit designers. During early test launches of the winged spacecraft, Buran's pilots would sit in K-36RB ejection seats, ready to bail out in the event of a catastrophic failure up to an altitude of 40 kilometers. To protect the pilot from the enormous heat generated during a supersonic free-fall from the stratosphere, the Strizh spacesuit, seen here, had a leather-covered external layer. The Strizh could also protect pilots in case Buran's cabin was breached in orbit, giving the crew 12 to 24 hours to return their space plane back to Earth. During its development, one of the Strizh suits (second from the left) was placed in an unmanned Soyuz rocket and ejected in midflight in order to prove its design. However, the Buran spacecraft flew only one unmanned mission before the program stalled at the end of the Cold War.\r\n","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":9,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/#slide-9","description":"During a highly publicized MARS-500 experiment in 2011, a group of volunteers was locked up for a year and a half in a life-size mockup of a Mars-bound spacecraft. Although the group never truly left Earth, the project gave Russian engineers their first opportunity to practice building a spacesuit for walks on the surface of the Red Planet (left).\r\n","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":10,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/#slide-10","description":"They're much less glamorous but no less necessary than spacesuits. Space toilets of several generations have been built here. The museum display represents the ASU-8A device, whose key components were first developed for the Buran orbiter. Later, a modified version provided conveniences for the crew of the Mir space station. Although it was designed for a spacecraft with a crew of three to six, ASU-8A required a periodic replacement of waste containers (right), which would be loaded into departing cargo ships to burn up in the atmosphere along with other trash.\r\n","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":11,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/#slide-11","description":"Engineers at Zvezda attempted to bring Soviet \"space hotels\" to a five-star level with the development of an orbital shower. It was first employed onboard the Salyut-6 space station, launched in 1977. However, veterans of the project admit that the hassle of using the water-hungry device rendered it impractical.\r\n","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":12,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/#slide-12","description":"Russia's spacefaring past and future meet inside Zvezda's vast centrifuge room. Currently undergoing renovations for the future development work, the facility was once a backdrop for the iconic footage of Yuri Gagarin enduring a dizzying centrifuge spin. \r\n","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":13,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/#slide-13","description":"The latest incarnation of the Orlan spacesuit undergoes final checks before its delivery to the International Space Station, where it would be used for multiple ventures onto the exterior of the orbiting outpost staged from the Russian segment of the ISS.\r\n","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":14,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/#slide-14","description":"Spacesuits designed for spacewalks can be tested inside a 50-cubic-meter KS-5411 vacuum chamber that mimics conditions in space. The facility was once used to prepare a welding experiment, which was later repeated onboard the Salyut-7 space station.\r\n","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":15,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/#slide-15","description":"All cosmonauts (and now astronauts) preparing to fly on board Soyuz spacecraft undergo a risky test inside the vacuum chamber at Zvezda. The procedure aims to familiarize Soyuz crew members with \"space-grade\" vacuum and demonstrate protective capabilities of their Sokol rescue suits. Ironically, Soyuz crews will never experience vacuum conditions during a real flight unless their spacecraft is hit with a catastrophic failure leading to a loss of pressure in the cabin. When this photo was taken, a European astronaut scheduled to fly to the ISS was undergoing the test inside the chamber. A medical emergency team was on standby in the same room.\r\n","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":16,"item":{"@type":"Thing","name":"","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/#slide-16","description":"Relying on 60 years of experience in designing cosmonaut chairs for Russia's spacecraft, engineers at Zvezda are currently working on a new seating arrangement for the next-generation spacecraft. They used a cutting-edge 3D printing technology to produce this full-scale prototype of the chair, dubbed Cheget after a mountain in the Caucasus range. Still, the chair could go through many incarnations before the final design emerges.\r\n","image":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png"}}]}}</script><style data-emotion="css-global ploijv">.embed{clear:both;}@media (min-width: 90rem){.embed:not(.align-center):not([data-embed]="body-image"){clear:none;}}</style><style data-emotion="css-global qn3u11">body{--nav-height:111px;--mobile-sticky-header-height:111px;}</style><style data-emotion="css-global animation-fhr88u">@-webkit-keyframes animation-fhr88u{from{width:0;opacity:0;}to{width:20rem;opacity:1;}}@keyframes animation-fhr88u{from{width:0;opacity:0;}to{width:20rem;opacity:1;}}</style><style data-emotion="css-global y17bjk">html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;}body{margin:0;}main{display:block;}h1{font-size:2em;margin:0.67em 0;}hr{box-sizing:content-box;height:0;overflow:visible;}pre{font-family:monospace,monospace;font-size:1em;}a{background-color:transparent;}abbr[title]{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration:underline dotted;text-decoration:underline dotted;}b,strong{font-weight:bolder;}code,kbd,samp{font-family:monospace,monospace;font-size:1em;}small{font-size:80%;}sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline;}sub{bottom:-0.25em;}sup{top:-0.5em;}img{border-style:none;}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;line-height:1.15;margin:0;}button,input{overflow:visible;}button,select{text-transform:none;}button,[type='button'],[type='reset'],[type='submit']{-webkit-appearance:button;}button::-moz-focus-inner,[type='button']::-moz-focus-inner,[type='reset']::-moz-focus-inner,[type='submit']::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;padding:0;}button:-moz-focusring,[type='button']:-moz-focusring,[type='reset']:-moz-focusring,[type='submit']:-moz-focusring{outline:1px dotted ButtonText;}fieldset{padding:0.35em 0.75em 0.625em;}legend{box-sizing:border-box;color:inherit;display:table;max-width:100%;padding:0;white-space:normal;}progress{vertical-align:baseline;}textarea{overflow:auto;}[type='checkbox'],[type='radio']{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;}[type='number']::-webkit-inner-spin-button,[type='number']::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto;}[type='search']{-webkit-appearance:textfield;outline-offset:-2px;}[type='search']::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none;}::-webkit-file-upload-button{-webkit-appearance:button;font:inherit;}details{display:block;}summary{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-list-item;display:-ms-list-itembox;display:list-item;}template{display:none;}[hidden]{display:none;}*{box-sizing:border-box;}html{font-family:sans-serif;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;scroll-behavior:smooth;overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:auto;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){*{-webkit-animation-duration:0.01ms!important;animation-duration:0.01ms!important;-webkit-animation-iteration-count:1!important;animation-iteration-count:1!important;transition-duration:0.01ms!important;scroll-behavior:auto!important;}}html.no-scroll{overflow:hidden;}html.no-scroll body{overflow:scroll;}html.touch.no-scroll,html.touch body.no-scroll{overflow:hidden;}body{min-height:100vh;min-height:-webkit-fill-available;}a{color:inherit;}a:focus-visible{outline:0.125rem dotted;outline-offset:0.313rem;}button{color:inherit;}img:-moz-loading{color:transparent;}.__resp-container{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}.__resp-container:before{content:'';color:transparent;display:block;width:100%;height:0;padding-bottom:var(--aspect-ratio, 100%);}.__resp-container img:not(.video-items-box img):not(.filmstrip-image-wrapper img):not([data-dynamic-svg]):not(.video-player img),.__resp-container video{position:absolute;top:var(--top, 0);left:var(--left, 0);width:var(--width, 100%);min-width:var(--min-width, 100%);height:var(--height, auto);max-height:var(--max-height, 100%);object-fit:var(--object-fit, cover);}.__resp-container .video-player video{object-fit:contain;}.__resp-container .video-player{position:absolute;top:0;}.__resp-container.lqip img[importance=auto]{-webkit-transition:opacity 0.3s linear;transition:opacity 0.3s linear;opacity:0;}.__resp-container.lqip img[importance=auto].lazyloaded{opacity:1;}.screen-reader-only{position:absolute;left:-10000px,width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0, 0, 0, 0);white-space:nowrap;border-width:0;}.lqip{-webkit-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;-webkit-background-position:center;background-position:center;}@media print{.no-print{display:none!important;}}</style><style data-emotion="css-global 3fgj0v">@font-face{font-family:'SimplonMono';src:url('/_assets/design-tokens/popularmechanics/static/fonts/SimplonMono-Regular-WebXL.f370f34.woff2') format('woff2');font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-display:fallback;}@font-face{font-family:"FreightSansW01-roboto";src:local('Roboto');size-adjust:95.40%;ascent-override:105.24%;descent-override:29.04%;}@font-face{font-family:"FreightSansW01-local";src:local('Arial');size-adjust:95.69%;ascent-override:104.92%;descent-override:28.95%;}@font-face{font-family:"Inter-roboto";src:local('Roboto');size-adjust:107.32%;ascent-override:90.27%;descent-override:22.50%;}@font-face{font-family:"Inter-local";src:local('Arial');size-adjust:107.64%;ascent-override:90.00%;descent-override:22.43%;}@font-face{font-family:"FreightSansW01-upcase-roboto";src:local('Roboto');size-adjust:95.77%;ascent-override:104.83%;descent-override:28.92%;}@font-face{font-family:"FreightSansW01-upcase-local";src:local('Arial');size-adjust:88.74%;ascent-override:113.14%;descent-override:31.22%;}@font-face{font-family:"UnitedSans-roboto";src:local('Roboto');size-adjust:77.64%;ascent-override:97.89%;descent-override:30.91%;}@font-face{font-family:"UnitedSans-local";src:local('Arial');size-adjust:77.87%;ascent-override:97.60%;descent-override:30.82%;}@font-face{font-family:"SimplonMono-upcase-roboto";src:local('Roboto');size-adjust:106.91%;ascent-override:81.75%;descent-override:24.51%;}@font-face{font-family:"SimplonMono-upcase-local";src:local('Arial');size-adjust:99.06%;ascent-override:88.23%;descent-override:26.45%;}@font-face{font-family:"Charter-weightbold-roboto";src:local('Roboto');size-adjust:105.20%;ascent-override:93.53%;descent-override:28.31%;}@font-face{font-family:"Charter-weightbold-local";src:local('Georgia');size-adjust:106.21%;ascent-override:92.64%;descent-override:28.04%;}@font-face{font-family:"Placard-roboto";src:local('Roboto');size-adjust:65.41%;ascent-override:156.24%;descent-override:26.91%;}@font-face{font-family:"Placard-local";src:local('Arial');size-adjust:65.61%;ascent-override:155.77%;descent-override:26.83%;}@font-face{font-family:"FreightSansW01-weightbold-roboto";src:local('Roboto');size-adjust:104.58%;ascent-override:81.66%;descent-override:28.11%;}@font-face{font-family:"FreightSansW01-weightbold-local";src:local('Arial');size-adjust:104.89%;ascent-override:81.42%;descent-override:28.03%;}@font-face{font-family:"Charter-roboto";src:local('Roboto');size-adjust:98.60%;ascent-override:99.39%;descent-override:28.87%;}@font-face{font-family:"Charter-local";src:local('Georgia');size-adjust:99.55%;ascent-override:98.44%;descent-override:28.60%;}@font-face{font-family:"Placard-upcase-roboto";src:local('Roboto');size-adjust:57.61%;ascent-override:177.39%;descent-override:30.55%;}@font-face{font-family:"Placard-upcase-local";src:local('Arial');size-adjust:53.38%;ascent-override:191.45%;descent-override:32.97%;}@font-face{font-family:"SimplonMono-roboto";src:local('Roboto');size-adjust:132.84%;ascent-override:65.79%;descent-override:19.72%;}@font-face{font-family:"SimplonMono-local";src:local('Arial');size-adjust:133.24%;ascent-override:65.59%;descent-override:19.66%;}@font-face{font-family:"Charter-styleitalic-roboto";src:local('Roboto');size-adjust:94.46%;ascent-override:103.74%;descent-override:30.13%;}@font-face{font-family:"Charter-styleitalic-local";src:local('Georgia');size-adjust:95.37%;ascent-override:102.75%;descent-override:29.85%;}</style><style data-emotion="css-global 99heoz">[data-embed]:not(:defined){display:none;}[data-embed]:defined{display:-webkit-var(--data-embed-display, block);display:var(--data-embed-display, block);}</style><style data-emotion="css 147r868 1kkonqv 2d08y2 jk5e33 89kcrn hqvv6v xwjhf9 28g8cx 1fqyieb cv3h5u pjjyzu bbrknr sfww4i 1m743je 1i49q4a 1reavtv omr59c 40dj9l 7qggl4 19zs5ek 0 1597st4 1cr3k5e 1eo7dsn 18dmdzi phb1gc 38u6cm 1ba3ot6 w8pyk9 yykj2s ufbu47 1x3bv1n mez99v rqsmv7 j7qwjs 1da2pr4 1tqs6nx 1ylu0bo 1fk73p6 jg1o8c 24rk8n r0aqyf z6vn14 1cd8suq 1y3x20e rk6tbh 1h2y45c 4d6vc7 1cjybzt b0nc2u 1lr08az htmdc4 m0aw0j zxq36b 11l83ud 93j5lg huh8md 1uosn6 92j3iw 1ftq7xy wv4d7 1hpra6i s1p5ii 1hemtbl 1b6aj23 108y4ns 3y33je 17vu5fu 18jz25a tghghn 1exgad7 4rmlxi t6ry6e eejppf 1bw2h88 19di9js sm2oir 96439d 1oxikel 285vyd 3v2r6c 1mdnnmm 1jh7ofx 65qmx2 1p4ntb5 8d4de6 rbetrv 1rz4ih8 8binen gd5gam 1quk5zh 1o36o3r voix3z 7jdyxr qwlzud 1h3t9lj h4zml9 1kk1geb pv8y7p vroe5m ul6h9p 1sirylr 80uhvq 15moous 4z3bwe 1e54vvi 16s525c 19m4yzp sfzxfp 3mrz81 o0wq4v gorqpr 1mqe46p siwijo 1dsojn8 1blykqe ciejky es6uyf 14vh9p 1sowyjy 57mhak 1hxxve0 1ui7hop guxj2g 1d3dqod 19szzr8 ovd4yx 157wciq g939jb izijhn u3tfdl 1mzrkyb eg51ek bnk019 15qxeah v428m8 pxpvjf 1gyr97z cuqpxl xtujxj oh4jj4 13eacp6 1objo0p ftsoqv 1qavtx6 pl4wuz huxaxc dn8zfu o2p5ot om4gqg njhfk8 taukg1 h7nhlk 177hzxi 1njatnj 1xen7u9 1ss7lvu iz4391 1bisbws 6uae8g 70qvj9 n9en60 jmxdxt kzigki 1vc4yu1 15si9rg j307y1 i7117i lqx6q4 r7fsoq 5tjtfu 1dn8jmj 1lqj95v 1wohilq 6bu6ey 1o9hvj 1l76243 c2mbg0 ks2ry9 1wjzpdh 1mqiucd nv49m3 1bkcmfb 1fb5bmc uanaa8">.css-147r868{visibility:hidden;content-visibility:hidden;background-color:#E5E5E5;color:#000;width:20rem;max-width:20rem;height:100%;overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:scroll;position:fixed;top:0rem;z-index:8000000;-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.2s linear;transition:transform 0.2s linear;-webkit-transform:translateX(-20rem);-moz-transform:translateX(-20rem);-ms-transform:translateX(-20rem);transform:translateX(-20rem);}.css-147r868 >div{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;min-height:100%;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}.css-147r868 ~.sidepanelToggleable{-webkit-transform:initial;-moz-transform:initial;-ms-transform:initial;transform:initial;-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.2s linear;transition:transform 0.2s linear;}.css-147r868.open{-webkit-transform:translateX(0);-moz-transform:translateX(0);-ms-transform:translateX(0);transform:translateX(0);visibility:visible;content-visibility:auto;}.css-147r868.open ~.sidepanelToggleable{-webkit-transform:translateX(20rem);-moz-transform:translateX(20rem);-ms-transform:translateX(20rem);transform:translateX(20rem);}@media(min-width: 90rem){.css-147r868.open ~.sidepanelToggleable{-webkit-transform:translateX(7rem);-moz-transform:translateX(7rem);-ms-transform:translateX(7rem);transform:translateX(7rem);}}.css-1kkonqv{margin:1rem 1rem 0 1rem;padding:0 0.6rem;width:auto;height:2.1875rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;margin-right:6rem;}.css-1kkonqv svg{fill:#000000;}.css-2d08y2{width:1rem;height:1rem;fill:#595959;color:#595959;}.css-jk5e33{padding:1rem;color:#000000;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-roboto,FreightSansW01-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:2rem;}.css-89kcrn{background-color:#1c6a65;border:0;color:#ffffff;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:0.625rem 1.25rem;margin-top:0rem;margin-bottom:0rem;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;text-transform:uppercase;-webkit-transition:background 0.3s ease-in-out,color 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:background 0.3s ease-in-out,color 0.3s ease-in-out;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;right:1.0625rem;top:1rem;position:absolute;}.css-89kcrn:hover{background-color:#525252;color:#fff;cursor:pointer;background:inherit;}.css-89kcrn:disabled{background-color:#F3F4F6;color:#A3A3A3;cursor:not-allowed;}.css-89kcrn{position:absolute;padding:0.6rem;border-radius:0;margin:0rem;background:inherit;right:1.0625rem;}.css-89kcrn:focus-visible{outline:0.125rem dotted;outline-offset:0.313rem;}.css-hqvv6v{width:1rem;height:1rem;fill:#1c6a65;}.css-xwjhf9{margin:0.5rem 1rem 0.125rem;padding:0rem;opacity:35%;height:0.0625rem;border:0;width:auto;background-color:#000000;color:#fff;}.css-28g8cx{position:relative;list-style:none;margin:0rem;padding:0.6rem;-webkit-flex:1 0 auto;-ms-flex:1 0 auto;flex:1 0 auto;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-roboto,FreightSansW01-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:2rem;}.css-28g8cx a{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}.css-1fqyieb{-webkit-transition:background-color 0.2s linear;transition:background-color 0.2s linear;padding:0 1rem;}.css-1fqyieb.has-submenu{position:relative;padding:0.5rem 1rem;color:#000000;-webkit-transition:padding 0.3s linear,background-color 0.2s linear;transition:padding 0.3s linear,background-color 0.2s linear;}.css-1fqyieb.has-submenu.submenu-open{padding:0.5rem 1rem 0;background-color:#ffffff;color:#000;}.css-1fqyieb:focus{outline:0.0625rem solid black;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-1fqyieb:hover{background-color:#ffffff;color:#000;}}.css-cv3h5u{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;position:relative;width:100%;height:2.875rem;color:#000000;-webkit-transition:color 0.2s linear;transition:color 0.2s linear;}.has-submenu .css-cv3h5u{height:unset;display:inline;-webkit-align-items:unset;-webkit-box-align:unset;-ms-flex-align:unset;align-items:unset;padding:0.5rem 0;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-cv3h5u:hover{color:#000000;}}.css-pjjyzu{position:absolute;right:1.4rem;top:1.2rem;border-color:#000000;border-style:solid;border-width:0 0.0625rem 0.0625rem 0;padding:0.2rem;-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.25s ease-in-out;transition:transform 0.25s ease-in-out;cursor:pointer;background-color:transparent;color:#fff;}.submenu-open .css-pjjyzu{-webkit-transform:rotate(45deg);-moz-transform:rotate(45deg);-ms-transform:rotate(45deg);transform:rotate(45deg);}.submenu-closed .css-pjjyzu{-webkit-transform:rotate(-45deg);-moz-transform:rotate(-45deg);-ms-transform:rotate(-45deg);transform:rotate(-45deg);}.css-bbrknr{margin:0 auto;margin-left:1.1rem;}.css-bbrknr .e1f7ykkd1{border:0.0625rem solid #000000;}.css-sfww4i{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;height:3.125rem;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding-left:1rem;}.css-1m743je{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;margin-right:1rem;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-roboto,FreightSansW01-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;color:#595959;font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:2rem;-webkit-transition:opacity 0.2 linear;transition:opacity 0.2 linear;}.css-1m743je:last-of-type{margin-right:0rem;}.css-1m743je:hover{color:activside-panel-sub-menu-hover;}.css-1i49q4a{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;position:absolute;left:1rem;top:1rem;z-index:12000000;text-align:center;opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translateY(calc(-100% - 2.5rem));-moz-transform:translateY(calc(-100% - 2.5rem));-ms-transform:translateY(calc(-100% - 2.5rem));transform:translateY(calc(-100% - 2.5rem));-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;border:medium solid white;box-shadow:0 0 0 3px #55adff;padding:0.625rem 1.25rem;background-color:#000000;color:#fff;width:auto;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1;font-family:Inter,Inter-roboto,Inter-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-weight:bold;border-radius:1.875rem;}.css-1i49q4a:focus{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translateY(0%);-moz-transform:translateY(0%);-ms-transform:translateY(0%);transform:translateY(0%);}.css-1i49q4a:focus-visible{outline:none;}.css-1reavtv{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;position:absolute;left:1rem;top:1rem;z-index:12000000;text-align:center;opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translateY(calc(-100% - 2.5rem));-moz-transform:translateY(calc(-100% - 2.5rem));-ms-transform:translateY(calc(-100% - 2.5rem));transform:translateY(calc(-100% - 2.5rem));-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;border:medium solid white;box-shadow:0 0 0 3px #55adff;padding:0.625rem 1.25rem;background-color:#000000;color:#fff;width:auto;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1;font-family:Inter,Inter-roboto,Inter-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-weight:bold;border-radius:1.875rem;}.css-1reavtv:focus{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translateY(0%);-moz-transform:translateY(0%);-ms-transform:translateY(0%);transform:translateY(0%);}.css-1reavtv:focus-visible{outline:none;}.css-omr59c{position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;z-index:6000000;top:var(--nav-offset, 0);background-color:#E5E5E5;fill:#000000;color:#000000;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-roboto,FreightSansW01-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;}@media(max-width: 73.75rem){.css-omr59c{height:111px;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-omr59c{height:57px;position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:var(--nav-offset, 0);}}@media print{.css-omr59c{display:none;}}.css-40dj9l{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;height:100%;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 auto;max-width:75rem;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;width:100%;z-index:0;}@media(max-width: 64rem){.css-40dj9l{background:inherit;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-40dj9l{-webkit-box-flex-wrap:nowrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:nowrap;-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap;}}.css-7qggl4{background-color:inherit;border:none;color:#ffffff;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:0.625rem 1.25rem;margin-top:0rem;margin-bottom:0rem;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;text-transform:uppercase;-webkit-transition:background 0.3s ease-in-out,color 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:background 0.3s ease-in-out,color 0.3s ease-in-out;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;margin-left:0.9375rem;border-radius:0;line-height:0.7;}@media(max-width: 64rem){.css-7qggl4{padding:0.5rem 0.25rem 0.5rem 0.625rem;}}@media(min-width: 20rem){.css-7qggl4{padding:0.5rem 0.25rem 0.5rem 0;}.css-7qggl4 svg{fill:#000000;-webkit-transition:fill 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:fill 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-7qggl4 svg:hover{fill:#1c6a65;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem) and (max-width: 90rem){.css-7qggl4{margin-left:2.5rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-7qggl4{padding:0.5rem 0.625rem 0.5rem 0.625rem;}}@media(min-width: 90rem){.css-7qggl4{margin-left:0rem;}}.css-7qggl4:hover{background-color:#525252;color:#fff;cursor:pointer;background:inherit;}.css-7qggl4:disabled{background-color:#F3F4F6;color:#A3A3A3;cursor:not-allowed;}.css-7qggl4:focus-visible{outline:0.125rem dotted;outline-offset:0.313rem;}.css-7qggl4 img{width:1.875rem;height:1.875rem;}.css-7qggl4 svg{width:1.875rem;height:1.875rem;fill:#000000;}.css-7qggl4 svg:hover{fill:#1c6a65;}.css-19zs5ek{line-height:1;margin-right:auto;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;margin-bottom:0.125rem;}@media(max-width: 30rem){.css-19zs5ek{width:5.5em;height:1.2rem;}}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-19zs5ek{width:5rem;}}@media(min-width: 30rem) and (max-width: 64rem){.css-19zs5ek{width:7.5rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-19zs5ek{width:7.5rem;height:1.75rem;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-19zs5ek{margin-right:0.3125rem;}}.css-1597st4{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-order:1;-ms-flex-order:1;order:1;overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden;width:100%;border-top:thin solid #F5F5F5;border-bottom:thin solid #F5F5F5;}@media(min-width: 61.25rem){.css-1597st4{border-top:0;border-bottom:0;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1597st4{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;width:auto;}}.css-1597st4::-webkit-scrollbar{height:0rem;}.css-1cr3k5e{list-style:none;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;margin:0rem;padding-left:1.125rem;-webkit-transform:translateX(undefinedpx);-moz-transform:translateX(undefinedpx);-ms-transform:translateX(undefinedpx);transform:translateX(undefinedpx);}@media(min-width: 40.625rem) and (max-width: 61.25rem){.css-1cr3k5e{padding-left:2.625rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1cr3k5e{padding-left:3.125rem;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1cr3k5e{padding-left:0rem;}}.css-1eo7dsn{white-space:nowrap;padding:0 1.875rem 0 1.25rem;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-upcase-roboto,FreightSansW01-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;}@media(min-width: 20rem){.css-1eo7dsn{font-size:0.875rem;line-height:2rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1eo7dsn{font-size:1rem;line-height:2rem;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1eo7dsn{padding:0 1.25rem 0 1.25rem;font-size:1rem;line-height:2rem;}}.css-18dmdzi{display:inline-block;min-height:3rem;min-width:3rem;padding:.5rem 0 .5rem 0;text-align:center;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;-webkit-transition:outline 0.3s ease-in-out,outline-offset 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:outline 0.3s ease-in-out,outline-offset 0.3s ease-in-out;color:inherit;line-height:2.58918;}@media(min-width: 61.25rem){.css-18dmdzi{color:inherit;}}.css-18dmdzi:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;}.css-phb1gc{display:inline-block;min-height:3rem;min-width:3rem;padding:.5rem 0 .5rem 0;text-align:center;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;-webkit-transition:outline 0.3s ease-in-out,outline-offset 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:outline 0.3s ease-in-out,outline-offset 0.3s ease-in-out;color:inherit;line-height:2.58918;}@media(min-width: 61.25rem){.css-phb1gc{color:inherit;}}.css-phb1gc:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;}.css-38u6cm{padding:0.8125rem 1.25rem;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;height:1.875rem;margin:0 0 0 auto;padding-left:1.05rem;padding-right:1.05rem;text-align:center;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;background-color:#1c6a65;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-upcase-roboto,FreightSansW01-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;border-radius:0;color:#ffffff;width:auto;border:thin solid transparent;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.03rem;}@media(max-width: 30rem){.css-38u6cm{font-size:0.75rem;line-height:1;}}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-38u6cm{padding:0.7rem;}}@media(min-width: 30rem) and (max-width: 64rem){.css-38u6cm{font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-38u6cm{padding:0.7rem 1rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-38u6cm{padding:0.8125rem 1.25rem;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-38u6cm{font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1;}}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-38u6cm{-webkit-transition:box-shadow 0.2s linear,background 0.2s linear;transition:box-shadow 0.2s linear,background 0.2s linear;}.css-38u6cm:hover{box-shadow:nav-subscribe-link.hover;background-color:nav-subscribe-link.hover-bg;}}.css-38u6cm:focus-visible{outline-color:#000000;}.css-38u6cm:focus{outline:0.125rem dotted #000000;outline-offset:0.25rem;}.css-38u6cm:hover{background-color:#000000;border:thin solid transparent;color:#ffffff;}.css-1ba3ot6{position:relative;padding-right:0;}@media(min-width: 40.625rem) and (max-width: 90rem){.css-1ba3ot6{padding-right:2.5rem;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1ba3ot6{padding-right:0rem;}}@media(min-width: 90rem){.css-1ba3ot6{padding-right:0;}}.css-w8pyk9{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin-left:0.3125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-upcase-roboto,FreightSansW01-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:2rem;text-transform:uppercase;}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-w8pyk9{margin-left:0.9375rem;}}.css-yykj2s{white-space:nowrap;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-upcase-roboto,FreightSansW01-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:2rem;text-transform:uppercase;}.css-ufbu47{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;background:none;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;height:1.25rem;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;padding:0.9375rem;width:1.25rem;border:0;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-ufbu47{margin-right:0.9375rem;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem) and (max-width: 90rem){.css-ufbu47{margin-right:2.5rem;}}@media(min-width: 90rem){.css-ufbu47{margin-left:0.625rem;margin-right:0rem;}}.css-ufbu47:hover{background:none;border:0;}.css-ufbu47:focus-visible{outline:0.125rem dotted #000000;outline-offset:0.5rem;z-index:1;}.css-1x3bv1n{background-color:#1c6a65;border:none;color:#ffffff;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:0.8125rem 1.25rem 0.9rem;margin-top:0rem;margin-bottom:0rem;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;text-transform:uppercase;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;width:auto;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-upcase-roboto,FreightSansW01-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;letter-spacing:0.03rem;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;background:none;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;height:1.25rem;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;padding:0.9375rem;width:1.25rem;border:0;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-1x3bv1n{padding:0.7rem 1rem 0.75rem;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-1x3bv1n{padding:0.7rem 1rem 0.75rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1x3bv1n{padding:0.8125rem 1.25rem 0.9rem;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1x3bv1n{font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1;}}.css-1x3bv1n:hover{background-color:#000000;cursor:pointer;color:#ffffff;border:0 solid transparent;}.css-1x3bv1n:disabled{background-color:#F3F4F6;color:#A3A3A3;cursor:not-allowed;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-1x3bv1n{margin-right:0.9375rem;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem) and (max-width: 90rem){.css-1x3bv1n{margin-right:2.5rem;}}@media(min-width: 90rem){.css-1x3bv1n{margin-left:0.625rem;margin-right:0rem;}}.css-1x3bv1n:hover{background:none;border:0;}.css-1x3bv1n:focus-visible{outline:0.125rem dotted #000000;outline-offset:0.5rem;z-index:1;}.css-mez99v{cursor:pointer;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;height:1rem;margin-left:0.625rem;width:1rem;}.css-mez99v:focus-visible{outline:0.125rem dotted #000000;outline-offset:0.5rem;}.css-rqsmv7{-webkit-animation:animation-fhr88u 0.1s linear;animation:animation-fhr88u 0.1s linear;margin-left:auto;-webkit-order:1;-ms-flex-order:1;order:1;position:absolute;right:0rem;border-bottom:0.125rem solid #1c6a65;}@media(max-width: 73.75rem){.css-rqsmv7{width:100%;visibility:hidden;}}@media(min-width: 20rem) and (max-width: 64rem){.css-rqsmv7{top:4.3rem;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-rqsmv7{top:3rem;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-rqsmv7{position:static;width:20rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-var(--desktop-navsearch-display, none);display:-ms-var(--desktop-navsearch-display, none)box;display:var(--desktop-navsearch-display, none);}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem) and (max-width: 90rem){.css-rqsmv7{margin-right:2.5rem;}}@media(min-width: 90rem){.css-rqsmv7{margin-right:0rem;}}.css-rqsmv7 div{border:0;border-bottom:0 solid transparent;background-color:#E5E5E5;color:#000;}.css-rqsmv7 div:focus-within{outline:0;}.css-j7qwjs{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}.css-1tqs6nx{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-upcase-roboto,FreightSansW01-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:2rem;text-transform:uppercase;}.css-1tqs6nx::-webkit-search-cancel-button{-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;-ms-appearance:none;appearance:none;display:none;}.css-1tqs6nx::-webkit-search-clear-button{-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;-ms-appearance:none;appearance:none;display:none;}.css-1ylu0bo{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;}.css-1fk73p6{display:inline-block;cursor:pointer;margin-bottom:0.3125rem;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.3;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-roboto,FreightSansW01-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;}.css-jg1o8c{background:#ffffff;border:thin solid #D4D4D4;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-box-pack:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:flex-start;justify-content:flex-start;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:0rem;}.css-jg1o8c:focus-within{outline:thin solid #737373;}.css-24rk8n{cursor:pointer;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;height:1rem;margin-left:0.625rem;width:1rem;}.css-24rk8n:focus-visible{outline:0.125rem dotted #000000;outline-offset:0.5rem;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-24rk8n{margin:0 0 0 1.25rem;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-24rk8n{margin:0 0 0 2.77rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem) and (max-width: 73.75rem){.css-24rk8n{margin:0 0 0 3.41rem;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-24rk8n{margin:0.26rem;}}.css-r0aqyf{background:none;border:0;height:2.5rem;width:100%;padding-left:0.625rem;padding-right:0.625rem;outline:0;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.3;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-roboto,FreightSansW01-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-upcase-roboto,FreightSansW01-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:2rem;text-transform:uppercase;}.css-r0aqyf::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:#262626;}.css-r0aqyf::-moz-placeholder{color:#262626;}.css-r0aqyf:-ms-input-placeholder{color:#262626;}.css-r0aqyf::placeholder{color:#262626;}.css-r0aqyf::-webkit-search-cancel-button{-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;-ms-appearance:none;appearance:none;display:none;}.css-r0aqyf::-webkit-search-clear-button{-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;-ms-appearance:none;appearance:none;display:none;}.css-z6vn14{position:fixed;background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);color:#fff;top:0;height:100vh;z-index:-2000000;width:100%;display:none;}.css-1cd8suq{z-index:6000000;position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:calc(var(--mobile-sticky-header-height, 0px));width:100%;}.css-1y3x20e{position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:var(--nav-height, 0);z-index:6000000;}.css-rk6tbh{position:relative;background-color:bg-primary;}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-rk6tbh{margin-right:var(--sponsor-panel-width, auto);}}.css-1h2y45c{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin:0 auto;width:100%;border-top:thin solid #D4D4D4;border-bottom:thin solid #D4D4D4;}@media(max-width: 64rem){.css-1h2y45c{overflow-x:scroll;overflow-y:hidden;white-space:nowrap;}}.css-4d6vc7{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;height:-webkit-fit-content;height:-moz-fit-content;height:fit-content;margin:auto;width:auto;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-upcase-roboto,FreightSansW01-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:2rem;text-transform:uppercase;}.css-4d6vc7 a{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;padding:0.9375rem 1.2rem;-webkit-transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-4d6vc7 a::after{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;color:#D4D4D4;content:"|";display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;left:1rem;position:relative;}.css-4d6vc7 nav:last-child>a:after{display:none;}.css-4d6vc7 a:hover{color:#737373;}.css-1cjybzt{padding:0.9375rem 0;min-width:45.5rem;text-align:center;z-index:2000000;position:relative;display:none;background-color:#E5E5E5;color:#000;width:100%;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-1cjybzt{position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:calc(var(--mobile-sticky-header-height, 0px) + var(--sticky-secondary-header-height, 0px));padding-bottom:0.9375rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1cjybzt{min-height:121px;}}@media(min-width: 61.25rem){.css-1cjybzt{display:block;}}@media print{.css-1cjybzt{display:none!important;}}.css-b0nc2u{width:100%;max-width:100vw;display:grid;margin-bottom:0.9375rem;position:relative;z-index:auto;}@media print{.css-b0nc2u{max-width:100%;}}.css-1lr08az{grid-column:1/-1;text-align:center;}.css-htmdc4{padding:0 0.938rem;text-align:left;}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-htmdc4{margin:0 1rem;padding:0rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-htmdc4{margin:0 auto;max-width:40.25rem;padding:0 1rem;}}@media(min-width: 61.25rem){.css-htmdc4{margin:0rem;max-width:calc(20.625rem * 2 - 1rem);padding:0 1rem;margin-left:calc((100vw - calc(9.8rem * 2 - 1rem) - 1rem - 20.625rem) / 2);}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-htmdc4{margin:0 auto;max-width:40.25rem;padding:0 1rem;margin-left:calc((100vw - calc(19.5rem * 2 - 1rem) - 1rem - 20.625rem) / 2);}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-htmdc4{margin:0 auto;max-width:calc(20.625rem * 2 - 1rem);padding:0 1rem;margin-left:calc((100vw - calc(19.1rem * 2 - 1rem) - 1rem - 20.625rem) / 2);}}@media(min-width: 75rem){.css-htmdc4{margin:0 auto;max-width:calc(20.625rem * 2 - 1rem);padding:0 1rem;margin-left:calc((100vw - calc(18.2rem * 2 - 1rem) - 1rem - 20.625rem) / 2);}}@media(min-width: 90rem){.css-htmdc4{margin:auto;max-width:calc(20.625rem * 2 - 1rem);padding:0 1rem;margin-left:calc((100vw - calc(21.5rem * 2 - 1rem)) / 2);}}@media(min-width: 64rem){body:has(#page-settings[data-has-sponsor]) .css-htmdc4{text-align:start;}}.css-m0aw0j{list-style:none;max-width:75rem;padding:1.25rem 1.25rem 0 1.6875rem;color:#525252;font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.3;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-roboto,FreightSansW01-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;}@media(min-width: 20rem) and (max-width: 100rem){.css-m0aw0j{margin:6px 0 0 0;padding-left:6px 0 0 0;padding:6px 0 0 0;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-m0aw0j{padding:1.25rem 2.5rem 0 3.3125rem;padding-left:0;}}@media(min-width: 90rem){.css-m0aw0j{padding:0.9375rem 0.625rem 0.625rem 0;}}.css-zxq36b{display:inline;}.css-zxq36b+li:before{padding:0.25rem;content:">";}.css-11l83ud{-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;}.css-11l83ud:hover{color:#000000;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;}.css-93j5lg{-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;}.css-93j5lg:hover{color:#000000;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;}.css-huh8md{display:none;}.css-huh8md+li:before{padding:0.25rem;content:">";}.css-1uosn6{grid-column:1/-1;font-weight:bold;margin-bottom:0.9375rem;word-break:normal;margin-top:0.9375rem;font-family:UnitedSans,UnitedSans-roboto,UnitedSans-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;letter-spacing:-0.03rem;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-1uosn6{word-break:break-word;}}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-1uosn6{font-size:2.8125rem;line-height:1;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1uosn6{font-size:3.25rem;line-height:1;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1uosn6{font-size:3.75rem;line-height:1;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-1uosn6{font-size:4.06248rem;line-height:1;}}.css-92j3iw{margin-bottom:0.625rem;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-roboto,FreightSansW01-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-weight:normal;color:#525252;text-align:left;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-92j3iw{font-size:0.9375rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-92j3iw{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-92j3iw{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.6;}}.css-92j3iw a{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.125rem;text-decoration-color:#1c6a65;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:inherit;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;word-break:break-word;}.css-92j3iw a:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}.css-1ftq7xy{grid-column:1/4;width:100%;margin-bottom:0;padding-right:0.3125rem;font-family:SimplonMono,SimplonMono-upcase-roboto,SimplonMono-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;color:#000000;display:block;text-transform:uppercase;-webkit-align-items:baseline;-webkit-box-align:baseline;-ms-flex-align:baseline;align-items:baseline;-webkit-box-pack:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:start;justify-content:start;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-1ftq7xy{font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(min-width: 20rem){.css-1ftq7xy{-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-1ftq7xy{-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1ftq7xy{font-size:0.70017rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1ftq7xy{font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.3;}}.css-1ftq7xy span{display:inline-block;line-height:1.6;}.css-wv4d7{font-style:normal;padding-right:0.3125rem;font-family:SimplonMono,SimplonMono-upcase-roboto,SimplonMono-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;color:#000000;display:inline-block;text-transform:uppercase;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-wv4d7{font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-wv4d7{font-size:0.70017rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-wv4d7{font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.3;}}.css-1hpra6i{padding-right:0.3125rem;color:#414141;font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.3;font-family:SimplonMono,SimplonMono-upcase-roboto,SimplonMono-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-weight:bold;text-transform:uppercase;margin-right:0.625rem;}.css-s1p5ii{background:inherit;border:inherit;display:inherit;outline:inherit;font-size:inherit;text-transform:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-family:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;padding:0rem;}.css-s1p5ii:focus-visible{outline:unset;}.css-1hemtbl{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;cursor:pointer;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;padding:0.625rem;text-align:left;background-color:#ffffff;border:0.0625rem solid #E5E5E5;border-color:#D4D4D4;position:relative;outline:none;background:#ffffff;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.6;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-roboto,FreightSansW01-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;text-transform:capitalize;background:inherit;border:inherit;display:inherit;outline:inherit;font-size:inherit;text-transform:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-family:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;padding:0rem;}.css-1hemtbl:disabled{color:#D4D4D4;border-color:#E5E5E5;cursor:default;}.css-1hemtbl:focus-visible::before{outline:0.125rem dotted #000000;}.css-1hemtbl:before{content:"";position:absolute;min-height:48px;min-width:48px;width:100%;height:100%;top:50%;left:50%;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%, -50%);-moz-transform:translate(-50%, -50%);-ms-transform:translate(-50%, -50%);transform:translate(-50%, -50%);}.css-1hemtbl:focus-visible{outline:unset;}.css-1b6aj23{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:inherit;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;word-break:break-word;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;cursor:pointer;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;padding:0.625rem;text-align:left;background-color:#ffffff;border:0.0625rem solid #E5E5E5;border-color:#D4D4D4;position:relative;outline:none;background:#ffffff;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.6;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-roboto,FreightSansW01-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;text-transform:capitalize;background:inherit;border:inherit;display:inherit;outline:inherit;font-size:inherit;text-transform:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-family:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;padding:0rem;}.css-1b6aj23:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}.css-1b6aj23:disabled{color:#D4D4D4;border-color:#E5E5E5;cursor:default;}.css-1b6aj23:focus-visible::before{outline:0.125rem dotted #000000;}.css-1b6aj23:before{content:"";position:absolute;min-height:48px;min-width:48px;width:100%;height:100%;top:50%;left:50%;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%, -50%);-moz-transform:translate(-50%, -50%);-ms-transform:translate(-50%, -50%);transform:translate(-50%, -50%);}.css-1b6aj23:focus-visible{outline:unset;}.css-108y4ns{padding-top:0rem;padding-bottom:0rem;}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-108y4ns{max-width:347px;}}.css-108y4ns .e1c1bym13{margin-top:0.625rem;display:inline-block;}.css-3y33je{display:inline-block;text-transform:uppercase;margin-left:0;color:#525252;font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.3;font-family:SimplonMono,SimplonMono-upcase-roboto,SimplonMono-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-weight:bold;}.css-17vu5fu{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:start;justify-content:start;-webkit-align-items:baseline;-webkit-box-align:baseline;-ms-flex-align:baseline;align-items:baseline;}.css-18jz25a{gap:5px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;position:relative;margin-top:0.9375rem;}.css-tghghn{background-color:#1c6a65;border:thin solid transparent;color:#ffffff;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:0.8125rem 1.25rem;margin-top:0rem;margin-bottom:0rem;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;text-transform:uppercase;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;width:auto;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-upcase-roboto,FreightSansW01-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;border-radius:0;letter-spacing:0.03rem;}@media(max-width: 30rem){.css-tghghn{font-size:0.75rem;line-height:1;}}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-tghghn{padding:0.7rem;}}@media(min-width: 30rem) and (max-width: 64rem){.css-tghghn{font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-tghghn{padding:0.7rem 1rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-tghghn{padding:0.8125rem 1.25rem;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-tghghn{font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1;}}.css-tghghn:hover{background-color:#000000;cursor:pointer;border:thin solid transparent;color:#ffffff;}.css-tghghn:disabled{background-color:#F3F4F6;color:#A3A3A3;cursor:not-allowed;}.css-tghghn+.css-tghghn{margin-left:1rem;}.css-tghghn:focus{outline:0.125rem dotted #000000;outline-offset:0.25rem;}.css-1exgad7{width:1rem;height:1rem;margin-right:0.625rem;}.css-4rmlxi{width:100%;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}.css-t6ry6e{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}@media(max-width: 73.75rem){.css-t6ry6e{-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-t6ry6e{display:block;margin:0 auto;width:64rem;position:relative;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-t6ry6e{width:73.75rem;}}@media(min-width: 75rem){.css-t6ry6e{width:75rem;}}@media(min-width: 90rem){.css-t6ry6e{width:90rem;}}.css-eejppf{width:100%;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-eejppf{position:relative;}}.css-1bw2h88{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:end;-ms-flex-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;justify-content:flex-end;width:100%;}@media(max-width: 73.75rem){.css-1bw2h88{-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1bw2h88{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1bw2h88{-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-align-items:flex-start;-webkit-box-align:flex-start;-ms-flex-align:flex-start;align-items:flex-start;margin:0 20.625rem 1rem 1.1875rem;max-width:40.25rem;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-1bw2h88{margin:0 20.625rem 1rem 2.875rem;}}@media(min-width: 75rem){.css-1bw2h88{margin:0 20.625rem 1rem 3.875rem;}}@media(min-width: 90rem){.css-1bw2h88{margin:0 22.625rem 1rem 20.875rem;padding:0rem;}}.css-19di9js{margin:0 auto;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-19di9js{margin:0 0 2rem 0;}}@media(max-width: 64rem){.css-19di9js{width:100%;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-19di9js{max-width:40.25rem;padding:0 1rem;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-19di9js{margin:0 0 1rem 0;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-19di9js{margin:0 0 1rem 0;}}.css-sm2oir{height:auto;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-sm2oir{margin:auto calc(50% - 50vw);}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-sm2oir{margin:auto;}}.css-96439d{overflow-x:hidden;position:relative;height:auto;}.css-1oxikel{position:relative;width:100%;}.css-1oxikel img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;vertical-align:top;}.css-285vyd{line-height:1;}@media(max-width: 73.75rem){.css-285vyd{padding-left:0.9375rem;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-285vyd{padding-left:0;}}.css-3v2r6c{padding-right:0.3125rem;color:#737373;font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.2;font-family:Charter,Charter-weightbold-roboto,Charter-weightbold-local,Georgia,Times,Serif;font-weight:bold;}@media(max-width: 64rem){.css-1mdnnmm{width:auto;}}@media(min-width: 20rem) and (max-width: 64rem){.css-1mdnnmm{padding:0 1rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1mdnnmm{padding:0rem;margin:0 auto;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1mdnnmm{padding:0rem;width:auto;}}.css-1mdnnmm img{width:100%;}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1jh7ofx{width:100%;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1jh7ofx{height:100%;margin-left:1rem;margin-right:1rem;padding:0 1rem 0 1.875rem;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;width:20.625rem;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem) and (max-width: 100rem){.css-1jh7ofx{margin-right:calc(4 * 1rem);}}@media(min-width: 90rem){.css-1jh7ofx{margin-right:calc(3 * 1rem);padding:0 1rem;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-65qmx2{min-height:calc(100% - 100vh);min-width:18.75rem;}}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-1p4ntb5{position:relative;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1p4ntb5{position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:7rem;}}.css-8d4de6{-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;min-height:523px;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-8d4de6{-webkit-box-pack:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:start;justify-content:start;}}@media(max-width: 61.25rem){.css-8d4de6{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-8d4de6{top:7rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-8d4de6{min-height:138px;}}.css-8d4de6:after{position:static;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-8d4de6:after{position:absolute;bottom:0rem;width:-webkit-fill-available;}}@media(max-width: 61.25rem){.css-8d4de6:after{content:"";display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;border-bottom:thin solid #E5E5E5;}}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-8d4de6{position:relative;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-8d4de6{position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:7rem;}}.css-rbetrv{min-width:18.75rem;text-align:center;z-index:2000000;position:relative;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-rbetrv{position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:calc(var(--mobile-sticky-header-height, 0px) + var(--sticky-secondary-header-height, 0px));padding-bottom:0.9375rem;}}.css-1rz4ih8{margin:0 auto;height:auto;margin-top:1rem;margin-bottom:1rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;width:100%;}@media(max-width: 73.75rem){.css-1rz4ih8{-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:nowrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:nowrap;-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1rz4ih8{padding-bottom:1rem;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:nowrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:nowrap;-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-1rz4ih8{width:100%;}}.css-8binen{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;height:auto;width:100%;-webkit-flex-direction:columnn;-ms-flex-direction:columnn;flex-direction:columnn;}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-8binen{max-width:64rem;padding-left:calc(1rem * 2);margin:0 auto;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-8binen{max-width:73.75rem;padding-left:3.375rem;padding-right:3.375rem;}}@media(min-width: 75rem){.css-8binen{max-width:75rem;margin:0 auto;}}@media(min-width: 90rem){.css-8binen{max-width:90rem;padding-left:4.125rem;padding-right:4.125rem;}}.css-gd5gam{grid-area:content;height:auto;grid-template-rows:repeat(2, auto);-webkit-align-content:start;-ms-flex-line-pack:start;align-content:start;padding:0rem;margin:0 auto;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;padding-right:0rem;padding-left:0rem;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-gd5gam{margin:0 0 2rem 0;width:100vw;}}@media(max-width: 73.75rem){.css-gd5gam{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-gd5gam{margin:auto;width:100%;max-width:100%;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-gd5gam{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin:0rem;grid-auto-rows:auto max-content max-content;max-width:39.375rem;grid-template-areas:"media_wrapper meta";}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-gd5gam{max-width:43.75rem;-webkit-box-pack:end;-ms-flex-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:end;justify-content:end;}}@media(min-width: 75rem){.css-gd5gam{max-width:45rem;}}@media(min-width: 90rem){.css-gd5gam{max-width:60rem;}}.css-1quk5zh{grid-area:slide_number;font-size:3.875rem;line-height:1;font-family:Placard,Placard-roboto,Placard-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-weight:normal;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-1quk5zh{font-size:5rem;line-height:1;}}@media(max-width: 64rem){.css-1quk5zh{text-align:center;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1quk5zh{text-align:center;font-size:5.62498rem;line-height:1;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1quk5zh{text-align:left;font-size:5.62498rem;line-height:1;}}.css-1o36o3r{grid-area:title;margin:0rem;-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;margin-bottom:0.4375rem;margin-top:0.625rem;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-weightbold-roboto,FreightSansW01-weightbold-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-weight:bold;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-1o36o3r{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.1;}}@media(max-width: 64rem){.css-1o36o3r{text-align:center;}}@media(min-width: 20rem){.css-1o36o3r{padding-right:1rem;padding-left:1rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1o36o3r{padding-right:3.5rem;padding-left:3.5rem;font-size:1.875rem;line-height:1.1;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1o36o3r{text-align:left;padding-right:0rem;padding-left:0rem;font-size:1.9375rem;line-height:1.1;}}.css-voix3z{overflow:visible;width:100%;height:auto;top:0rem;grid-area:media_wrapper;position:static;max-width:100%;margin-bottom:0.625rem;}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-voix3z{padding:0rem;margin:0 auto;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-voix3z{padding:0rem;margin:0rem;}}.css-voix3z img:not([data-dynamic-svg]){width:100%;max-width:none;position:static;top:0rem;bottom:0rem;left:0rem;right:0rem;height:100%;}@media(max-width: 73.75rem){.css-voix3z img:not([data-dynamic-svg]){object-fit:cover;object-position:center;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-voix3z img:not([data-dynamic-svg]){object-fit:contain;object-position:bottom;}}.css-7jdyxr{position:relative;}.css-7jdyxr img{display:block;}.css-7jdyxr figcaption{background:rgb(255, 255, 255, 0.8);position:absolute;bottom:0rem;left:0rem;padding:0.3125rem 0.625rem;color:#000000;}.css-qwlzud{padding-left:0rem;line-height:1;margin-top:0.2rem;}.css-1h3t9lj{grid-area:meta;-webkit-align-self:flex-start;-ms-flex-item-align:flex-start;align-self:flex-start;}@media(max-width: 64rem){.css-1h3t9lj{padding-left:1rem;padding-right:1rem;width:auto;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1h3t9lj{max-width:40.25rem;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}}@media(min-width: 48rem) and (max-width: 73.75rem){.css-1h3t9lj{width:calc(20.625rem * 2 - 1rem);}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1h3t9lj{-webkit-order:3;-ms-flex-order:3;order:3;text-align:left;padding-left:0rem;padding-right:0rem;max-width:39.375rem;margin-left:0rem;margin-right:0rem;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-1h3t9lj{max-width:43.75rem;margin-left:0rem;}}@media(min-width: 75rem){.css-1h3t9lj{width:100vw;max-width:45rem;}}@media(min-width: 90rem){.css-1h3t9lj{max-width:60rem;}}.css-h4zml9{grid-area:dek;padding:0rem;}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-h4zml9{padding-left:0rem;}}.css-h4zml9 a:hover{color:#262626;text-decoration-color:border-thin-grey;}.css-h4zml9 p,.css-h4zml9 ul,.css-h4zml9 ol{font-size:1.1875rem;line-height:1.6;font-family:Charter,Charter-roboto,Charter-local,Georgia,Times,Serif;}.css-h4zml9 p em,.css-h4zml9 ul em,.css-h4zml9 ol em{font-style:italic;font-family:CharterItalic,Georgia,Times,Serif;}.css-h4zml9 a.body-btn-link:hover{color:#ffffff;}.css-1kk1geb{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.125rem;text-decoration-color:#1c6a65;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:inherit;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;word-break:break-word;font-weight:bold;}.css-1kk1geb:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}.css-pv8y7p{-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;grid-area:breaker_ad;}.css-pv8y7p .e1caqep90{text-align:center;}.css-pv8y7p .e1caqep90:after{margin-right:0rem;}.css-pv8y7p .e1caqep90:before{margin-left:0rem;}.css-pv8y7p:after{content:"";display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;border-bottom:0.0625rem solid #E5E5E5;margin:0.8125rem 1 0;padding-bottom:0rem;}.css-vroe5m{margin:1.25rem 0;clear:both;color:#000000;text-align:center;position:static;margin-top:1.25rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;min-height:523px;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;grid-area:breaker_ad;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-vroe5m{position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;-webkit-box-pack:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:start;justify-content:start;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-vroe5m{min-height:138px;}}.css-vroe5m.clearfix{clear:both;}.css-vroe5m:after{content:"";border-bottom:thin solid #E5E5E5;margin:0.9375rem 0.938rem 0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;position:static;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-vroe5m:after{position:absolute;bottom:0rem;width:-webkit-fill-available;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-vroe5m:after{margin:0.9375rem 2.5rem 0;}}@media(min-width: 75rem){.css-vroe5m:after{margin:0.9375rem 0 0;}}.css-vroe5m .e1caqep90{text-align:center;}.css-vroe5m .e1caqep90:after{margin-right:0rem;}.css-vroe5m .e1caqep90:before{margin-left:0rem;}.css-vroe5m:after{content:"";display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;border-bottom:0.0625rem solid #E5E5E5;margin:0.8125rem 1 0;padding-bottom:0rem;}.css-ul6h9p{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;text-align:center;margin:0 0.938rem;line-height:2rem;text-transform:none;font-size:0.70028rem;font-family:Inter,Inter-roboto,Inter-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-ul6h9p{margin:0 2.5rem;}}@media(min-width: 75rem){.css-ul6h9p{margin:0rem;}}.css-ul6h9p:after{margin:0 0 0 0.625rem;}.css-ul6h9p:before{margin:0 0.625rem 0 0;}.css-ul6h9p:before,.css-ul6h9p:after{background-color:#E5E5E5;color:inherit;content:"";-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;height:0.0625rem;position:relative;top:1rem;}.css-ul6h9p a{color:inherit;-webkit-transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;}.css-ul6h9p a:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}.css-1sirylr{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1sirylr{height:100%;margin-left:1rem;margin-right:1rem;padding-left:0rem;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-1sirylr{margin-right:calc(4 * 1rem);}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-80uhvq{min-height:calc(100% - 100vh);}}.css-15moous{margin:0rem;}@media(max-width: 73.75rem){.css-15moous{display:none;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-15moous{display:block;width:20.625rem;padding-left:1rem;position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-15moous{padding-left:1.875rem;}}.css-4z3bwe{-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;min-height:523px;margin:0rem;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-4z3bwe{-webkit-box-pack:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:start;justify-content:start;}}@media(max-width: 61.25rem){.css-4z3bwe{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-4z3bwe{top:7rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-4z3bwe{min-height:138px;}}.css-4z3bwe:after{position:static;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-4z3bwe:after{position:absolute;bottom:0rem;width:-webkit-fill-available;}}@media(max-width: 61.25rem){.css-4z3bwe:after{content:"";display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;border-bottom:thin solid #E5E5E5;}}@media(max-width: 73.75rem){.css-4z3bwe{display:none;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-4z3bwe{display:block;width:20.625rem;padding-left:1rem;position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-4z3bwe{padding-left:1.875rem;}}.css-1e54vvi{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;}.css-16s525c{margin:0 auto;width:100%;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-16s525c{margin:0 0 2rem 0;}}@media(min-width: 20rem) and (max-width: 64rem){.css-16s525c{padding:0 1rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-16s525c{padding:0 1rem;max-width:40.25rem;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-16s525c{margin:0 20.625rem calc(2 * 1rem) 1.1875rem;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-16s525c{margin:0 20.625rem calc(2 * 1rem) 2.875rem;}}@media(min-width: 75rem){.css-16s525c{margin:0 20.625rem calc(2 * 1rem) 3.875rem;}}@media(min-width: 90rem){.css-16s525c{margin:0 22.625rem calc(2 * 1rem) 20.875rem;padding:0 1rem;}}.css-19m4yzp{margin-top:1.875rem;border-top:thin solid #525252;}.css-sfzxfp{display:grid;grid-template-areas:"authorImage nameJobTitle" "authorImage bioContainer";grid-template-columns:auto 1fr;grid-template-rows:auto;grid-column-gap:0.625rem;padding-top:1.25rem;padding-bottom:1.25rem;clear:both;}.css-3mrz81{width:60px;height:60px;border-radius:50%;grid-area:authorImage;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-3mrz81{width:40px;height:40px;}}.css-o0wq4v{width:100%;height:100%;border-radius:50%;vertical-align:middle;object-fit:cover;}.css-gorqpr{grid-area:nameJobTitle;-webkit-align-items:baseline;-webkit-box-align:baseline;-ms-flex-align:baseline;align-items:baseline;}.css-1mqe46p{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#000000;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;word-break:break-word;font-family:SimplonMono,SimplonMono-upcase-roboto,SimplonMono-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;display:inline-block;text-transform:uppercase;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-1mqe46p{font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1mqe46p{font-size:0.70017rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1mqe46p{font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.3;}}.css-1mqe46p:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}.css-siwijo{font-family:SimplonMono,SimplonMono-upcase-roboto,SimplonMono-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;color:#000000;display:inline-block;text-transform:uppercase;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#000000;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;word-break:break-word;font-family:SimplonMono,SimplonMono-upcase-roboto,SimplonMono-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;display:inline-block;text-transform:uppercase;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-siwijo{font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-siwijo{font-size:0.70017rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-siwijo{font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-siwijo{font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-siwijo{font-size:0.70017rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-siwijo{font-size:0.70028rem;line-height:1.3;}}.css-siwijo:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}.css-1dsojn8{grid-area:bioContainer;}.css-1blykqe{display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:5;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden;padding-top:0.3125rem;word-break:break-word;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.4;font-family:Charter,Charter-roboto,Charter-local,Georgia,Times,Serif;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-1blykqe{-webkit-line-clamp:10;}}.css-1blykqe>*{display:inline;}.css-1blykqe p{margin:0rem;}.css-1blykqe p a{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:inherit;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;word-break:break-word;}.css-1blykqe p a:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}.css-1blykqe em{font-style:italic;font-family:CharterItalic,Georgia,Times,Serif;}.css-ciejky{clear:both;margin-top:1.25rem;}.css-es6uyf{padding:0 0.938rem;margin-top:1.875rem;margin-bottom:1.875rem;}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-es6uyf{padding:0 2.5rem;}}.css-14vh9p{text-align:center;margin:0 auto;max-width:60rem;}.css-1sowyjy{margin-bottom:1.25rem;}.css-57mhak{margin:0rem;font-weight:normal;padding:0 0 0.25rem;font-size:1.75rem;line-height:1;font-family:Placard,Placard-upcase-roboto,Placard-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;letter-spacing:0.15rem;text-transform:uppercase;}.css-1hxxve0{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;margin:0rem;font-weight:normal;min-height:auto;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-roboto,FreightSansW01-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-1hxxve0{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1hxxve0{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1hxxve0{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;}}.css-1ui7hop{margin-bottom:0.9375rem;--aspect-ratio:56.25%;}.css-guxj2g{width:100%;height:100%;}.css-guxj2g video{height:100%;width:100%;}.css-guxj2g .hpc-sticky video{position:relative;}.css-guxj2g .video-player-wrapper{background:#ffffff;}.css-guxj2g .video-player-wrapper:not(.hpc-sticky){position:absolute;top:0rem;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:2000000;}.css-guxj2g .video-player-wrapper.hpc-sticky{z-index:4000000;}.css-1d3dqod{height:100%;width:100%;position:relative;z-index:2000000;visibility:visible;overflow:hidden;}.css-19szzr8{position:absolute;left:50%;top:50%;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);-moz-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);transform:translate(-50%,-50%);z-index:1;stroke:#ffffff;cursor:pointer;height:3.75rem;width:3.75rem;border-radius:50%;background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);color:#fff;border:.1875rem solid white;-webkit-transition:all 0.4s;transition:all 0.4s;}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-19szzr8{height:5.625rem;width:5.625rem;border:.28125rem solid white;}}.e7hrar04:hover .css-19szzr8{background-color:rgba(33, 150, 245, 0.8);color:#ffffff;}.css-ovd4yx{vertical-align:middle;width:1.45rem;height:1.4rem;margin-right:0rem;}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-ovd4yx{width:2.3125rem;height:3rem;margin-right:.25rem;}}.css-157wciq{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;cursor:pointer;}.css-g939jb{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;cursor:pointer;}.css-izijhn{margin:4rem 0.9375rem 1.4rem;clear:both;color:#000000;text-align:center;position:relative;margin-top:4rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:start;justify-content:start;padding-bottom:0rem;max-width:none;min-height:523px;}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-izijhn{margin:4rem 2.5rem 1.4rem;min-height:138px;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-izijhn{margin:4rem auto 1.4rem;max-width:75rem;}}.css-izijhn.clearfix{clear:both;}.css-izijhn:after{content:"";border-bottom:thin solid #E5E5E5;margin:0rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;position:absolute;bottom:0rem;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-izijhn:after{width:-webkit-fill-available;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-izijhn:after{margin:0.9375rem 0 0 0;position:static;}}@media(min-width: 75rem){.css-izijhn:after{margin:0.9375rem 0 0;}}.css-izijhn #gpt_lb_pf{position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;margin:0 calc(50% - 50vw);}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-izijhn #gpt_lb_pf{position:relative;}}.css-u3tfdl{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;text-align:center;margin:0 auto;width:100%;line-height:2rem;text-transform:none;font-size:0.70028rem;font-family:Inter,Inter-roboto,Inter-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-u3tfdl{margin:0 auto;}}@media(min-width: 75rem){.css-u3tfdl{margin:0rem;}}.css-u3tfdl:after{margin:0 0 0 0.625rem;}.css-u3tfdl:before{margin:0 0.625rem 0 0;}.css-u3tfdl:before,.css-u3tfdl:after{background-color:#E5E5E5;color:inherit;content:"";-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;height:0.0625rem;position:relative;top:1rem;}.css-u3tfdl a{color:inherit;-webkit-transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;}.css-u3tfdl a:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}.css-1mzrkyb{margin:0rem;height:100%;min-height:none;}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1mzrkyb{margin:0 auto;height:auto;min-height:90px;}}.css-eg51ek{min-width:18.75rem;text-align:center;z-index:2000000;position:relative;margin:0rem;height:100%;min-height:none;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-eg51ek{position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:calc(var(--mobile-sticky-header-height, 0px) + var(--sticky-secondary-header-height, 0px));padding-bottom:0.9375rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-eg51ek{margin:0 auto;height:auto;min-height:90px;}}.css-bnk019{overflow:hidden;max-width:75rem;margin:0.9375rem 0.938rem 0;clear:both;}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-bnk019{margin:0.9375rem 2.5rem 0;}}@media(min-width: 75rem){.css-bnk019{margin:0.9375rem auto 0;}}@media print{.css-bnk019{display:none;}}.css-15qxeah{--sticky-secondary-header-height:0px;margin:1.25rem auto 0;}@media print{.css-15qxeah{display:none;}}.css-v428m8{padding:0 0.938rem 1.25rem 0.938rem;background-color:#000000;color:#fff;}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-v428m8{padding:0 2.5rem 1.875rem 2.5rem;}}@media(min-width: 61.25rem){.css-v428m8{display:grid;grid-row-gap:1.25rem;grid-column-gap:1.25rem;grid-template-areas:"header header header" "content content ad";grid-template-rows:repeat(2, auto);grid-template-columns:auto auto auto;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-v428m8{margin:0 auto;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-v428m8{grid-column-gap:0rem;grid-template-areas:"lgut header header header rgut" "lgut content content ad rgut";grid-template-columns:1fr repeat(3, minmax(auto, 25rem)) 1fr;}}.css-pxpvjf{position:relative;grid-area:header;contain:layout;margin-bottom:0.625rem;margin-top:1.875rem;z-index:1;display:block;font-weight:100;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-pxpvjf{text-align:left;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-pxpvjf{text-align:left;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-pxpvjf{text-align:left;}}.css-1gyr97z{margin:0rem;background-color:#ffffff;color:#000;display:inline;padding:0.3rem 0.625rem;text-align:left;font-weight:100;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:SimplonMono,SimplonMono-upcase-roboto,SimplonMono-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-1gyr97z{font-size:0.875rem;line-height:2rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1gyr97z{font-size:0.875rem;line-height:2rem;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1gyr97z{font-size:0.875rem;line-height:2rem;}}.css-1gyr97z a,.css-1gyr97z span{overflow:hidden;}.css-1gyr97z a{color:link-block-header;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;-webkit-transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;z-index:0;}.css-1gyr97z a:hover{color:link-hover-block-header;}.css-1gyr97z span:before{z-index:-2000000;}.css-1gyr97z a{color:#000000;}.css-1gyr97z a:hover{color:#1c6a65;}.css-cuqpxl:before{padding-right:0.3125rem;content:'//';display:inline;}.css-xtujxj:before{padding-left:0.3125rem;content:'//';display:inline;}.css-oh4jj4{contain:layout;display:grid;grid-area:content;grid-template-columns:repeat(2, 1fr);}@media(min-width: 20rem){.css-oh4jj4{grid-gap:0.09rem;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-oh4jj4{grid-gap:0.09rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-oh4jj4{grid-gap:1.8rem;grid-template-columns:repeat(2, 1fr);}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-oh4jj4{grid-gap:0.09rem;}}.css-13eacp6{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;background-color:#ffffff;color:#000;}.css-13eacp6 h2 span{-webkit-transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-13eacp6 h2 span:hover{color:#595959;}.css-1objo0p{background-color:#ffffff;color:#000;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;background-color:#ffffff;color:#000;}.css-1objo0p h2 span{-webkit-transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-1objo0p h2 span:hover{color:#595959;}.css-ftsoqv{display:block;margin-bottom:0.625rem;}.css-ftsoqv img{vertical-align:top;}.css-1qavtx6{background-color:#ffffff;color:#000;padding:0.9375rem;padding-bottom:1.875rem;text-align:left;}.css-1qavtx6 h2 span:hover{color:#595959;}.css-pl4wuz{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:SimplonMono,SimplonMono-roboto,SimplonMono-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-weight:100;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-pl4wuz{margin-bottom:1rem;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-pl4wuz{margin-bottom:0.5rem;font-size:0.9375rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-pl4wuz{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.3;}}.css-huxaxc{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-roboto,FreightSansW01-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-weight:100;word-break:break-word;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-huxaxc{margin-bottom:1rem;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;margin-top:0.625rem;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-huxaxc{line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-huxaxc{margin-bottom:0.5rem;font-size:1.1875rem;line-height:1.2;margin-top:0rem;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-huxaxc{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.2;margin-top:0.9375rem;}}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-huxaxc{-webkit-transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-huxaxc:hover{color:link-hover;}}.css-dn8zfu{-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;text-align:center;width:calc(100% + (0.938rem * 2));margin-top:1.25rem;margin-bottom:0.875rem;margin-left:-0.938rem;min-height:523px;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-dn8zfu{-webkit-box-pack:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:start;justify-content:start;position:relative;}}@media(max-width: 61.25rem){.css-dn8zfu{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-dn8zfu{top:7rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-dn8zfu{width:calc(100% + (2.5rem * 2));margin-left:-2.5rem;min-height:138px;}}@media(min-width: 61.25rem){.css-dn8zfu{top:calc(var(--mobile-sticky-header-height, 0px) + var(--sticky-secondary-header-height, 0px));width:unset;margin:0rem;margin-left:0rem;position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;-webkit-align-self:flex-start;-ms-flex-item-align:flex-start;align-self:flex-start;grid-area:ad;}}.css-dn8zfu:after{content:"";display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;position:static;margin:0.9375rem 0.938rem 0;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-dn8zfu:after{position:absolute;bottom:0rem;width:-webkit-fill-available;}}@media(max-width: 61.25rem){.css-dn8zfu:after{border-bottom:thin solid #E5E5E5;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-dn8zfu:after{margin:0.9375rem 2.5rem 0;}}@media(min-width: 61.25rem){.css-dn8zfu:after{visibility:hidden;}}@media(min-width: 75rem){.css-dn8zfu:after{margin:0.9375rem 0 0;}}.css-o2p5ot{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;text-align:center;margin:0 0.938rem;line-height:2rem;text-transform:none;font-size:0.70028rem;font-family:Inter,Inter-roboto,Inter-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-o2p5ot{margin:0 2.5rem;}}@media(min-width: 75rem){.css-o2p5ot{margin:0rem;}}.css-o2p5ot:after{margin:0 0 0 0.625rem;}.css-o2p5ot:before{margin:0 0.625rem 0 0;}.css-o2p5ot:before,.css-o2p5ot:after{background-color:#E5E5E5;color:inherit;content:"";-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;height:0.0625rem;position:relative;top:1rem;}@media(min-width: 61.25rem){.css-o2p5ot,.css-o2p5ot:after,.css-o2p5ot:before{display:none;}}.css-o2p5ot a{color:inherit;-webkit-transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;}.css-o2p5ot a:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}.css-om4gqg{min-width:18.75rem;text-align:center;z-index:2000000;position:relative;width:100%;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-om4gqg{position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:calc(var(--mobile-sticky-header-height, 0px) + var(--sticky-secondary-header-height, 0px));padding-bottom:0.9375rem;}}@media(min-width: 61.25rem){.css-om4gqg{left:unset;}}.css-njhfk8{padding:0 0.938rem 1.25rem 0.938rem;background-color:#000000;color:#fff;}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-njhfk8{padding:0 2.5rem 1.875rem 2.5rem;}}@media(min-width: 61.25rem){.css-njhfk8{display:grid;grid-row-gap:1.25rem;grid-column-gap:1.25rem;grid-template-areas:"header" "content";grid-template-rows:repeat(2, auto);grid-template-columns:minmax(auto, 75rem);}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-njhfk8{margin:0 auto;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-njhfk8{grid-column-gap:0rem;grid-template-areas:"lgut header rgut" "lgut content rgut";grid-template-columns:1fr minmax(auto, 75rem) 1fr;}}.css-taukg1{contain:layout;display:grid;grid-area:content;grid-template-columns:repeat(2, 1fr);}@media(min-width: 20rem){.css-taukg1{grid-gap:0.09rem;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-taukg1{grid-gap:0.09rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-taukg1{grid-gap:1.8rem;grid-template-columns:repeat(4, 1fr);}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-taukg1{grid-gap:0.09rem;}}.css-h7nhlk{margin:1.25rem 0;clear:both;color:#000000;text-align:center;position:static;margin-top:1.25rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;min-height:523px;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-h7nhlk{position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;-webkit-box-pack:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:start;justify-content:start;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-h7nhlk{min-height:138px;}}@media(min-width: 61.25rem){.css-h7nhlk{margin:1.25rem auto;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-h7nhlk{max-width:75rem;}}.css-h7nhlk.clearfix{clear:both;}.css-h7nhlk:after{content:"";border-bottom:thin solid #E5E5E5;margin:0.9375rem 0.938rem 0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;position:static;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-h7nhlk:after{position:absolute;bottom:0rem;width:-webkit-fill-available;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-h7nhlk:after{margin:0.9375rem 2.5rem 0;}}@media(min-width: 75rem){.css-h7nhlk:after{margin:0.9375rem 0 0;}}.css-h7nhlk #gpt-ad-leaderboard-bottom{position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;margin:0 calc(50% - 50vw);}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-h7nhlk #gpt-ad-leaderboard-bottom{position:relative;}}.css-177hzxi{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;text-align:center;margin:0 0.938rem;line-height:2rem;text-transform:none;font-size:0.70028rem;font-family:Inter,Inter-roboto,Inter-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-177hzxi{margin:0 2.5rem;}}@media(min-width: 75rem){.css-177hzxi{margin:0rem;}}.css-177hzxi:after{margin:0 0 0 0.625rem;margin-right:0rem;}.css-177hzxi:before{margin:0 0.625rem 0 0;margin-left:0rem;}.css-177hzxi:before,.css-177hzxi:after{background-color:#E5E5E5;color:inherit;content:"";-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;height:0.0625rem;position:relative;top:1rem;}.css-177hzxi a{color:inherit;-webkit-transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;}.css-177hzxi a:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}.css-1njatnj{min-width:18.75rem;text-align:center;z-index:2000000;position:relative;margin:0rem;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-1njatnj{position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:calc(var(--mobile-sticky-header-height, 0px) + var(--sticky-secondary-header-height, 0px));padding-bottom:0.9375rem;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-1njatnj{margin:0 calc((100vw - 75rem) / -2);}}.css-1xen7u9{position:relative;padding-top:1.875rem;padding-bottom:1.875rem;background-color:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-roboto,FreightSansW01-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-1xen7u9{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1xen7u9{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1xen7u9{margin-right:var(--sponsor-panel-width, auto);}}@media print{.css-1xen7u9{display:none;}}body:has(#page-settings[data-has-sponsor]) .css-1xen7u9{margin-top:25vh;top:-25vh;}@media(min-width: 64rem){body:has(#page-settings[data-has-sponsor]) .css-1xen7u9{margin-top:auto;top:auto;}}.css-1ss7lvu{padding:0 0.938rem;margin:0 auto;max-width:75rem;}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-1ss7lvu{padding:0 2.5rem;}}.css-iz4391{display:grid;grid-gap:0.5rem;grid-template-rows:1fr 1fr;line-height:1;}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-iz4391{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;grid-gap:10%;grid-template-columns:auto 1fr;grid-template-rows:1fr;}}.css-1bisbws{display:block;width:8.5rem;max-height:1.4375rem;fill:#000000;}.css-6uae8g{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:grid;margin-left:-1.25rem;grid-auto-columns:minmax(3rem, 3rem);grid-auto-flow:column;}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-6uae8g{margin-left:0rem;}}@media(min-width: 61.25rem){.css-6uae8g{top:2.5rem;}}.css-70qvj9{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}.css-n9en60{padding:0.8125rem 1rem;}.css-jmxdxt{height:1.063rem;width:1.063rem;}.css-jmxdxt path{fill:#ffffff;}.css-kzigki{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2, 1fr);margin-top:0.5rem;margin-bottom:0.875rem;}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-kzigki{grid-template-columns:repeat(4, 1fr);}}.css-1vc4yu1{padding:0.6rem 0;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-1vc4yu1{-webkit-transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-1vc4yu1:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}}.css-15si9rg{max-width:12rem;padding-bottom:0.3125rem;}.css-j307y1{padding-top:0.9375rem;margin:0.3125rem 0;}.css-i7117i{padding-top:0.9375rem;margin:0.3125rem 0;line-height:1.4;}.css-i7117i span{display:block;margin-top:1rem;}.css-lqx6q4{padding-top:0.9375rem;line-height:2;}.css-r7fsoq{padding:0.625rem 0.625rem 0.625rem 0;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;padding-right:1.25rem;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-r7fsoq{-webkit-transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:color 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-r7fsoq:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}}.css-5tjtfu{display:inline-block;margin:1.875rem 0.9375rem 1.25rem 0;}.css-1dn8jmj{display:inline-block;gap:0px;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;border:0.0625rem solid black;padding:0.625rem;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.4;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-upcase-roboto,FreightSansW01-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;-webkit-transition:background 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:background 0.3s ease-in-out;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-1dn8jmj{text-align:left;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1dn8jmj{text-align:center;}}.css-1dn8jmj:hover{background-color:#D4D4D4;color:#000;}.css-1lqj95v{display:inline-block;gap:0px;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;border:0.0625rem solid black;padding:0.625rem;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.4;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-upcase-roboto,FreightSansW01-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;-webkit-transition:background 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:background 0.3s ease-in-out;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-1lqj95v{text-align:left;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1lqj95v{text-align:center;}}.css-1lqj95v:hover{background-color:#D4D4D4;color:#000;}.css-1wohilq{position:fixed;bottom:0;width:100%;z-index:10000000;background-color:#E5E5E5;color:#000000;text-align:center;}@media(min-width: 61.25rem){.css-1wohilq{display:none;}}.css-6bu6ey{min-width:18.75rem;text-align:center;z-index:2000000;position:relative;}.css-1o9hvj{visibility:hidden;position:absolute;right:0.625rem;bottom:auto;top:-0.7rem;padding:0rem;margin:0rem;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;z-index:2000000;box-sizing:content-box;width:1.4rem;height:1.4rem;border:2px solid white;border-radius:1em;color:#000000;text-overflow:clip;cursor:pointer;background-color:#000000;box-shadow:1px 1px 4px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.2);}.css-1o9hvj::before{display:inline-block;box-sizing:content-box;width:0.75rem;height:0.1rem;position:absolute;content:"";border:none;color:#000000;text-overflow:clip;background-color:#ffffff;text-shadow:none;inset:0;margin:auto;-webkit-transform:rotateZ(45deg);-moz-transform:rotateZ(45deg);-ms-transform:rotateZ(45deg);transform:rotateZ(45deg);}.css-1o9hvj::after{display:inline-block;box-sizing:content-box;width:0.75rem;height:0.1rem;position:absolute;content:"";border:none;color:#000000;text-overflow:clip;background-color:#ffffff;text-shadow:none;inset:0;margin:auto;-webkit-transform:rotateZ(-45deg);-moz-transform:rotateZ(-45deg);-ms-transform:rotateZ(-45deg);transform:rotateZ(-45deg);}.css-1l76243{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;background-color:#1c6a65;color:#fff;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;-webkit-transition:height 0.5s ease-out;transition:height 0.5s ease-out;z-index:14000001;}.css-1l76243 [data-theme-key='button-primary']:hover{background-color:transparent;color:#fff;}.css-c2mbg0{position:fixed;bottom:0rem;right:0rem;left:0rem;width:100%;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:end;-ms-flex-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;justify-content:flex-end;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;height:0rem;padding:0rem;margin:0rem;background-color:#1c6a65;color:#fff;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;background-color:#1c6a65;color:#fff;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;-webkit-transition:height 0.5s ease-out;transition:height 0.5s ease-out;z-index:14000001;}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-c2mbg0{height:0rem;padding:0rem;}}.css-c2mbg0 [data-theme-key='button-primary']:hover{background-color:transparent;color:#fff;}.css-c2mbg0 [data-theme-key='button-primary']:hover{background-color:transparent;color:#fff;}.css-ks2ry9{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;height:auto;-webkit-transition:250ms height ease-in-out;transition:250ms height ease-in-out;font-size:1.1875rem;line-height:1.6;font-family:Charter,Charter-roboto,Charter-local,Georgia,Times,Serif;}.css-ks2ry9 em{font-style:italic;font-family:Charter,Charter-styleitalic-roboto,Charter-styleitalic-local,Georgia,Times,Serif;}.css-ks2ry9 strong{font-family:Charter,Charter-weightbold-roboto,Charter-weightbold-local,Georgia,Times,Serif;font-weight:bold;}.css-1wjzpdh{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;font-family:Inter,Inter-roboto,Inter-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;}@media(min-width: 30rem){.css-1wjzpdh{max-width:80%;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-1wjzpdh{-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;max-width:-webkit-fit-content;max-width:-moz-fit-content;max-width:fit-content;}}.css-1mqiucd{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;height:100%;-webkit-box-pack:space-around;-ms-flex-pack:space-around;-webkit-justify-content:space-around;justify-content:space-around;padding-right:0rem;width:100%;}@media(min-width: 20rem){.css-1mqiucd{padding-right:10%;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-1mqiucd{padding-right:0rem;width:600px;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1mqiucd{width:900px;}}@media(min-width: 73.75rem){.css-1mqiucd{width:1000px;}}.css-nv49m3{font-weight:400;font-size:14px;line-height:19.2px;}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-nv49m3{max-width:540px;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-nv49m3{max-width:740px;}}.css-1bkcmfb{border:none;background-color:inherit;margin-top:0rem;padding:0rem;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-1bkcmfb{position:absolute;top:7%;right:2%;}}.css-1fb5bmc{background-color:#1c6a65;border:none;color:#ffffff;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:0.8125rem 1.25rem 0.9rem;margin-top:0rem;margin-bottom:0rem;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;text-transform:uppercase;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;width:auto;font-family:FreightSansW01,FreightSansW01-upcase-roboto,FreightSansW01-upcase-local,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;letter-spacing:0.03rem;border:none;background-color:inherit;margin-top:0rem;padding:0rem;}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-1fb5bmc{padding:0.7rem 1rem 0.75rem;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-1fb5bmc{padding:0.7rem 1rem 0.75rem;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-1fb5bmc{padding:0.8125rem 1.25rem 0.9rem;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1fb5bmc{font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1;}}.css-1fb5bmc:hover{background-color:#000000;cursor:pointer;color:#ffffff;border:0 solid transparent;}.css-1fb5bmc:disabled{background-color:#F3F4F6;color:#A3A3A3;cursor:not-allowed;}@media(max-width: 40.625rem){.css-1fb5bmc{position:absolute;top:7%;right:2%;}}.css-uanaa8{height:15px;}</style></head><body><template id="page-settings" data-nav-height="111"></template><div id="__next"><section data-lazy-id="P0-4"><nav id="sidepanel" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" class="new-sidepanel-menu hidden css-147r868 e13srmb716"><div data-focus-lock-disabled="disabled"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/search/" class="css-1kkonqv e1c1bym14"><img src="/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/icons/search.f1c199c.svg" alt="Search" title="Search" width="16" height="16" decoding="async" loading="lazy" class="css-2d08y2 e13srmb70"/><span class="css-jk5e33 e13srmb715">Search</span></a><button data-theme-key="button-primary" aria-label="Close Sidepanel" class="css-89kcrn e12nq69g1"><img data-dynamic-svg="true" src="/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/icons/close.38e3324.svg?primary=%2523595959" loading="lazy" data-testid="dynamic-svg-base" height="auto" width="auto" alt="Close" role="img" title="Close" class="css-hqvv6v e13srmb714"/></button><hr class="css-xwjhf9 e13srmb713"/><ul class="css-28g8cx e13srmb712"><li data-id="1" class="nav-item has-children has-submenu submenu-closed css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://www.popularmechanics.com/about/a40180523/pop-mech-pro-membership-news-benefits/" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Pop Mech Pro</a><button role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="popmechpro" aria-label="Pop Mech Pro" class="css-pjjyzu e13srmb78"></button></li><li data-id="2" class="nav-item css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://shop.popularmechanics.com/popular-mechanics-all-access-2.html?cds_tracking_code=poppanelnav" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Subscribe</a></li><li data-id="3" class="nav-item css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/home/" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Home and DIY</a></li><li data-id="4" class="nav-item css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/home/tools/" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Power Tools</a></li><li data-id="5" class="nav-item css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/cars/" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Cars</a></li><li data-id="6" class="nav-item css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/technology/" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Technology</a></li><li data-id="7" class="nav-item css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/military/" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Military</a></li><li data-id="8" class="nav-item css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/science/" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Science</a></li><li data-id="9" class="nav-item css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-theme-key="base-link" href="/adventure/" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Adventure</a></li><li data-id="10" class="nav-item css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/culture/" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Sci-Fi</a></li><li data-id="11" class="nav-item css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/flight/" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Airplanes</a></li><li data-id="12" class="nav-item css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/space/" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Space</a></li><li data-id="13" class="nav-item css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/holiday-gift-guide/" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Gifts</a></li><li data-id="14" class="nav-item css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/sales-and-deals/" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Sales &amp; Deals</a></li><li data-id="15" class="nav-item css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/interactive/stories/" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Visual Stories</a></li><li data-id="16" class="nav-item css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/promotions/" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Promotions</a></li><li data-id="17" class="nav-item css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://shop.popularmechanics.com/?source=pop_hamburger" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Shop</a></li><li data-id="18" class="nav-item has-children has-submenu submenu-closed css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="#follow" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Follow</a><button role="button" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="follow" aria-label="Follow" class="css-pjjyzu e13srmb78"></button></li><li data-id="19" class="nav-item css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://popularmechanics.com/email/popularmechanics-newsletter" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">Get Our Newsletter</a></li><li data-id="20" class="nav-item css-1fqyieb e13srmb710"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://www.popularmechanics.com/my-stuff/" class="css-cv3h5u e1c1bym14">My Bookmarks</a></li></ul><div class="css-bbrknr e13srmb74"></div><footer class="sidepanel-footer-container css-sfww4i e13srmb73"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://www.hearst.com/-/us-magazines-privacy-notice" class="css-1m743je e1c1bym14">Privacy Notice</a><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://www.hearst.com/-/us-magazines-terms-of-use" class="css-1m743je e1c1bym14">Terms Of Use</a></footer></div></nav></section><span tabindex="0"></span><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="#main-content" class="ez54tv90 css-1reavtv e1c1bym14">Skip to Content</a><nav data-tracking-id="topNav" class="css-omr59c e1rbq3om6"><div class="nav-bar-container css-40dj9l e1rbq3om5"><button data-theme-key="button-primary" aria-label="Sidepanel Button" title="Side Panel" class="css-7qggl4 e12nq69g1"><svg data-dynamic-svg="true"><use href="/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/icons/menu.cf1782e.svg?embed#icon"></use></svg></button><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/" aria-label="Popular Mechanics" class="nav-logo css-19zs5ek e1c1bym14"><img data-dynamic-svg="true" src="/_assets/design-tokens/popularmechanics/static/images/logos/logo.a957255.svg?primary=%25231c6a65" fetchPriority="high" data-testid="dynamic-svg-base" height="auto" width="auto" alt="Logo" class="css-0 e1qdlatq0"/></a><div style="scrollbar-width:none;margin-right:0.5rem;" data-lazy-id="P0-5" class="css-1597st4 e1rbq3om2"><ul class="css-1cr3k5e e1rbq3om1"><li class="css-1eo7dsn e1rbq3om0"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/home/" aria-current="false" class="e1c1bym11 css-phb1gc e1c1bym14">Home</a></li><li class="css-1eo7dsn e1rbq3om0"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-theme-key="base-link" href="/contenttype/news/" aria-current="false" class="e1c1bym11 css-phb1gc e1c1bym14">Latest Stories</a></li><li class="css-1eo7dsn e1rbq3om0"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/science/" aria-current="false" class="e1c1bym11 css-phb1gc e1c1bym14">Science</a></li><li class="css-1eo7dsn e1rbq3om0"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/military/" aria-current="false" class="e1c1bym11 css-phb1gc e1c1bym14">Military</a></li><li class="css-1eo7dsn e1rbq3om0"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/about/a40180523/pop-mech-pro-membership-news-benefits/" aria-current="false" class="e1c1bym11 css-phb1gc e1c1bym14">Pop Mech Pro</a></li><li class="css-1eo7dsn e1rbq3om0"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/technology/" aria-current="false" class="e1c1bym11 css-phb1gc e1c1bym14">New Tech</a></li></ul></div><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://shop.popularmechanics.com/popular-mechanics-all-access-2.html?cds_tracking_code=poptopnav" class="css-38u6cm e1c1bym14">Subscribe</a><div class="css-1ba3ot6 eqsjh7f1"><a rel="nofollow" data-theme-key="base-link" href="/auth/csrf?action=login&amp;return_url=https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/" class="css-w8pyk9 e1c1bym14"><span class="css-yykj2s eqsjh7f2">sign in</span></a></div><button data-theme-key="button-primary" role="button" aria-label="search" aria-expanded="false" class="e1s66evm4 css-1x3bv1n e12nq69g1"><img data-dynamic-svg="true" src="/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/icons/search.f1c199c.svg?primary=%25231c6a65" loading="lazy" data-testid="dynamic-svg-base" height="16" width="16" alt="Search" class="css-mez99v e1s66evm3"/></button><div role="search" class="css-rqsmv7 e1s66evm5"><form action="#" class="css-j7qwjs e1s66evm1"><div data-theme-key="form-input-container" class="css-1ylu0bo e1h8blpf2"><label id="icon-input-label" for="icon-input" data-theme-key="form-input-label" class="screen-reader-only css-1fk73p6 e1r3ljm51">Search</label><div data-theme-key="form-input-wrapper" class="css-jg1o8c e1h8blpf1"><img data-dynamic-svg="true" src="/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/icons/search.f1c199c.svg?primary=%25231c6a65" loading="lazy" data-testid="dynamic-svg-base" height="16" width="16" alt="Search" role="button" tabindex="0" class="css-24rk8n e1s66evm2"/><input id="icon-input" type="search" name="icon" placeholder="Search..." value aria-labelledby="icon-input-label" aria-invalid="false" aria-required="false" data-theme-key="form-input-field" role="search" aria-label="search" class="e1s66evm6 css-r0aqyf e1h8blpf0"/></div></div></form></div><div class="css-z6vn14 e1s66evm0"></div></div></nav><div class="css-1cd8suq ex7z30p0"></div><div id="journey-topnav" class="css-1y3x20e ei7rc5z0"></div><div class="oop-ad css-0 e7hrg971"><div id="gpt-ad-oop-1" class="ad-container css-0 e7hrg970"></div></div><main id="main-content" class="css-rk6tbh ewq0ot90"><section data-lazy-id="P0-6"><div data-theme-key="skip-to-section-link-nav-container" class="no-print css-1h2y45c e1go836y1"><nav data-theme-key="skip-to-section-link-anchor" class="css-4d6vc7 e1go836y0"><nav><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="//www.popularmechanics.com/home/lawn-garden/g37854124/best-gas-patio-heaters/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Top Touts" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="Best Gas Patio Heaters" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="//www.popularmechanics.com/home/lawn-garden/g37854124/best-gas-patio-heaters/" class="css-0 e1c1bym14">Best Gas Patio Heaters</a></nav><nav><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="//www.popularmechanics.com/science/archaeology/a63052156/how-does-the-mayan-calendar-work/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Top Touts" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="Mayan Calendar Mystery" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="//www.popularmechanics.com/science/archaeology/a63052156/how-does-the-mayan-calendar-work/" class="css-0 e1c1bym14">Mayan Calendar Mystery</a></nav><nav><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="//www.popularmechanics.com/science/animals/a63027645/chimpanzee-culture/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Top Touts" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="Genetic Time Machine" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="//www.popularmechanics.com/science/animals/a63027645/chimpanzee-culture/" class="css-0 e1c1bym14">Genetic Time Machine</a></nav><nav><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="//www.popularmechanics.com/home/g46009463/best-nerf-guns/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Top Touts" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="Best Nerf Guns" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="//www.popularmechanics.com/home/g46009463/best-nerf-guns/" class="css-0 e1c1bym14">Best Nerf Guns</a></nav><nav><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="//www.popularmechanics.com/technology/audio/g38003019/best-wireless-surround-sound/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Top Touts" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="Wireless Surround Sound" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="//www.popularmechanics.com/technology/audio/g38003019/best-wireless-surround-sound/" class="css-0 e1c1bym14">Wireless Surround Sound</a></nav></nav></div></section><div id="gpt-leaderboard-ad" class="css-1cjybzt ewg5wdb1"></div><header class="css-b0nc2u e1f1sunr9"><section data-lazy-id="P0-7"><div class="css-1lr08az ejvijei0"><div class="css-htmdc4 e1f1sunr2"><nav aria-label="breadcrumbs" data-lazy-parent="P0-7" class="css-0 e3morl63"><ol itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/BreadcrumbList" class="css-m0aw0j e3morl62"><li itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class="css-zxq36b e3morl61"><a data-theme-key="base-link" itemprop="item" href="/space/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Breadcrumbs" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="Space" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/" class="e3morl60 css-93j5lg e1c1bym14"><span itemprop="name">Space</span></a><meta itemprop="position" content="1"/></li><li itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class="css-zxq36b e3morl61"><a data-theme-key="base-link" itemprop="item" href="/space/rockets/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Breadcrumbs" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="Rockets" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/" class="e3morl60 css-93j5lg e1c1bym14"><span itemprop="name">Rockets</span></a><meta itemprop="position" content="2"/></li><li itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class="css-huh8md e3morl61"><a data-theme-key="base-link" itemprop="item" href="/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Breadcrumbs" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/" class="e3morl60 css-93j5lg e1c1bym14"><span itemprop="name">Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory</span></a><meta itemprop="position" content="3"/></li></ol></nav><h1 class="css-1uosn6 e1f1sunr8"><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-before" class="css-0 eagam8p0"></span>Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory<span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-after" class="css-0 eagam8p1"></span></h1><div class="css-92j3iw e1f1sunr6">PopMech travels to Tomilino, Russia, to a factory that has been building Russian spacesuits for 60-plus years.</div><div class="css-1ftq7xy e1f1sunr5"><address class="css-wv4d7 e1v8cotw2"><span data-theme-key="by-line-name" class="css-1hpra6i e1v8cotw1">By <a data-theme-key="popover-trigger" title="Anatoly Zak" alt href="/author/7726/anatoly-zak/" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="dialog" class="er6ohko0 e1puv02z1 css-1b6aj23 e1c1bym14">Anatoly Zak</a></span><time class="css-3y33je e1f1sunr4">Published: Oct 21, 2013 1:00 PM EDT</time></address></div><div class="no-print css-17vu5fu e1f1sunr11"><div data-journey-blur="true" class="content-header-actions css-18jz25a e1f1sunr10"><button data-theme-key="button-primary" data-vars-ga-name="recipe-save-button" data-vars-ga-recipe-button-state="recipe_save" class="contentSaveButton css-tghghn e12nq69g1"><img data-dynamic-svg="true" src="/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/icons/saved.ad81f1a.svg?primary=%2523ffffff" loading="lazy" data-testid="dynamic-svg-base" height="24" width="24" alt="bookmarks" class="css-1exgad7 eah8dyz1"/>Save Article</button></div></div></div></div></section></header><div data-journey-body="listicle" data-journey-hide="true" class="listicle-container content-container listicle-body-content css-4rmlxi e13lia4i20"><section data-ad-index="0" class="css-t6ry6e e13lia4i18"><section class="listicle-header css-eejppf e13lia4i17"><div class="css-1bw2h88 e13lia4i16"><div class="css-19di9js e13lia4i15"><div data-journey-blur="true" class="content-lead-image css-sm2oir e17huqc62"><div class="css-96439d e17huqc61"><picture class="css-1oxikel e1i0vlu30"><source srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=1200:*" media="(min-width: 73.75rem)"/><source srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=1024:*" media="(min-width: 64rem)"/><source srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:1xh;center,top&amp;resize=980:*" media="(min-width: 48rem)"/><source srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:1xh;center,top&amp;resize=640:*" media="(max-width: 48rem)"/><img src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:1xh;center,top&amp;resize=640:*" alt="this image is not available" title="Image No Longer Available" width="1080" height="1080" decoding="async" fetchPriority="high" sizes="100vw"/></picture></div><section data-lazy-id="P0-8"><figcaption data-theme-key="photo-credit-figcaption-lead-image" class="css-285vyd e1g9hcy40"><span data-theme-key="photo-credit-creditor" class="css-3v2r6c e1geg53v2">Media Platforms Design Team</span></figcaption></section></div><div data-journey-listicle-introduction="true" class="listicle-intro css-1mdnnmm e13lia4i13"><span>PopMech travels to Tomilino, Russia, to a factory that has been building Russian spacesuits for 60-plus years.</span></div></div></div></section><div class="css-1jh7ofx e13lia4i12"><div class="css-65qmx2 e13lia4i11"><div class="standard-article-vertical-ad e13lia4i10 css-8d4de6 e19qkiag2"><div id="gpt-ad-vertical-top" class="ad-container css-rbetrv ewg5wdb1"></div></div></div></div><section id="slide-1" data-anchor-id="slide-1" data-journey-listicle-slide="true" class="css-1rz4ih8 e16kmapv8"><div data-journey-content="true" class="listicle-slides css-8binen e16kmapv7"><div class="css-gd5gam e16kmapv6"><span class="css-1quk5zh e16kmapv2">1</span><h2 class="css-1o36o3r e16kmapv5">Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory </h2><div class="css-voix3z eutn2uj2"><div class="css-7jdyxr e1nfup6f1"><img srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=640:* 640w, https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=980:* 980w" alt="this image is not available" data-cy="slide-image-1" src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=980:*" title="Image No Longer Available" width="1080" height="1080" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><figcaption data-theme-key="photo-credit-figcaption" class="css-qwlzud e1g9hcy40"><span data-theme-key="photo-credit-creditor" class="css-3v2r6c e1geg53v2">Media Platforms Design Team</span></figcaption></div></div><div class="css-1h3t9lj e16kmapv3"><div class="css-h4zml9 e16kmapv4">The town of Tomilino, some 16 miles southeast of Moscow, is rather unassuming about its role in the history of space exploration. A snack kiosk and a shaky sign for a bus stop are about all there is to greet a visitor getting off the commuter train. There is no statue of the world's first cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin, in his bright-orange spacesuit waving to earthlings after his successful landing. But that's a shame, because Tomilino is the home of the world's few workshops where space travelers can get their outfits. <br/><br/> Established in October 1952, top-secret Factory No. 918 developed all Russian spacesuits along with numerous life-support and safety systems, including catapult chairs for military pilots, various protective gear, and even space-based toilets and showers. With the work no longer classified, the company, renamed Zvezda (Star), carries on its unique and often dangerous experimental work for aviation and space here: Minutes after I passed through security into Zvezda's campus, a loud bang shook the air. &quot;A catapult just went off,&quot; my guide said. <br/><br/> Most of the out-of-this-world artifacts developed at Zvezda over its six-decade history are now displayed inside the company's recently renovated demo hall. Resembling an airlock of some interplanetary cruiser, this long gallery is lined with glass capsules that contain original spacesuits worn by pioneers of space exploration during their actual missions. <br/><br/> <em>Anatoly Zak is the publisher of <a href="http://www.RussianSpaceWeb.com" target="_blank" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="http://www.RussianSpaceWeb.com" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Hyperlink" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="RussianSpaceWeb.com" class="body-link css-1kk1geb emevuu60">RussianSpaceWeb.com</a> and the author of </em>Russia in Space, the Past Explained, the Future Explored<em>, just published by Apogee Prime.</em> <br/><br/></div></div></div></div></section><section id="slide-2" data-anchor-id="slide-2" data-journey-listicle-slide="true" class="css-1rz4ih8 e16kmapv8"><div data-journey-content="true" class="listicle-slides css-8binen e16kmapv7"><div class="css-gd5gam e16kmapv6"><span class="css-1quk5zh e16kmapv2">2</span><div class="css-voix3z eutn2uj2"><div class="css-7jdyxr e1nfup6f1"><img srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=640:* 640w, https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=980:* 980w" alt="this image is not available" data-cy="slide-image-2" src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=980:*" title="Image No Longer Available" width="1080" height="1080" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><figcaption data-theme-key="photo-credit-figcaption" class="css-qwlzud e1g9hcy40"><span data-theme-key="photo-credit-creditor" class="css-3v2r6c e1geg53v2">Media Platforms Design Team</span></figcaption></div></div><div class="css-1h3t9lj e16kmapv3"><div class="css-h4zml9 e16kmapv4">The USSR started its foray into space at the beginning of the 1950s by launching dogs on ballistic missiles into arc-shaped trajectories that touched the edge of space. For these flights, Factory No. 918 designed rocket-powered sleds and pressure suits complete with transparent helmets. These enabled a pair of dogs to eject and land safely under a parachute after their rocket had exhausted its fuel and began falling back to Earth. Sadly, some dogs did perish due to equipment failures, including the famous Laika, whose cabin (far right) was not designed to return from the first and only one-way mission into orbit launched by the USSR in November 1957. <br/><br/></div></div></div></div></section></section><div data-journey-unblur="true"><div data-journey-unblur="true" class="gpt-breaker-container breaker-ad breaker-ad listicle-slide-list-ad eutn2uj1 css-vroe5m e1spmc110"><div class="ad-disclaimer no-print css-ul6h9p e1caqep90">Advertisement - Continue Reading Below</div><div id="listicle-ad-breaker-0" class="ad-container css-rbetrv ewg5wdb1"></div></div></div><section data-ad-index="1" class="css-t6ry6e e13lia4i18"><section id="slide-3" data-anchor-id="slide-3" data-journey-listicle-slide="true" class="css-1rz4ih8 e16kmapv8"><div data-journey-content="true" class="listicle-slides css-8binen e16kmapv7"><div class="css-gd5gam e16kmapv6"><span class="css-1quk5zh e16kmapv2">3</span><div class="css-voix3z eutn2uj2"><div class="css-7jdyxr e1nfup6f1"><img srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=640:* 640w, https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=980:* 980w" alt="this image is not available" data-cy="slide-image-3" src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=980:*" title="Image No Longer Available" width="1080" height="1080" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><figcaption data-theme-key="photo-credit-figcaption" class="css-qwlzud e1g9hcy40"><span data-theme-key="photo-credit-creditor" class="css-3v2r6c e1geg53v2">Media Platforms Design Team</span></figcaption></div></div><div class="css-1h3t9lj e16kmapv3"><div class="css-h4zml9 e16kmapv4">During the world's first orbital spaceflight, on April 12, 1961, Yuri Gagarin was riding the Vostok spacecraft in the V3A ejection seat and wore the SK-1 safety suit now both prominently displayed in the demo hall. However, after Gagarin's SK-1 suit was returned to its creators shortly after Vostok's landing, they had little appreciation for its historic value, seeing it only as another iteration in their unending race to improve flight gear. As a result, the priceless artifact ended up with two holes cut in the chest area, made by engineers pondering upgrades. <br/><br/></div></div></div></div></section><section id="slide-4" data-anchor-id="slide-4" data-journey-listicle-slide="true" class="css-1rz4ih8 e16kmapv8"><div data-journey-content="true" class="listicle-slides css-8binen e16kmapv7"><div class="css-gd5gam e16kmapv6"><span class="css-1quk5zh e16kmapv2">4</span><div class="css-voix3z eutn2uj2"><div class="css-7jdyxr e1nfup6f1"><img srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=640:* 640w, https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=980:* 980w" alt="this image is not available" data-cy="slide-image-4" src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=980:*" title="Image No Longer Available" width="1080" height="1080" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><figcaption data-theme-key="photo-credit-figcaption" class="css-qwlzud e1g9hcy40"><span data-theme-key="photo-credit-creditor" class="css-3v2r6c e1geg53v2">Media Platforms Design Team</span></figcaption></div></div><div class="css-1h3t9lj e16kmapv3"><div class="css-h4zml9 e16kmapv4">According to Zvezda folklore, the flight jacket worn by the first woman in space, Valentina Tereshkova, during her difficult three-day mission 50 years ago did not survive a botched post-landing attempt by the company's technicians to machine wash it. However, its original Dove of Peace insignia was reportedly saved and sewn onto this similar garment now on display. <br/><br/></div></div></div></div></section><div class="css-1sirylr eutn2uj0"><div class="vertical-ad right-rail-ad listicle--ad-rail css-80uhvq e13lia4i5"><div class="e13lia4i6 css-4z3bwe e19qkiag2"><div id="listicle-ad-rail-0" class="ad-container css-rbetrv ewg5wdb1"></div></div></div></div></section><div data-journey-unblur="true"><div data-journey-unblur="true" class="gpt-breaker-container breaker-ad breaker-ad listicle-slide-list-ad eutn2uj1 css-vroe5m e1spmc110"><div class="ad-disclaimer no-print css-ul6h9p e1caqep90">Advertisement - Continue Reading Below</div><div id="listicle-ad-breaker-1" class="ad-container css-rbetrv ewg5wdb1"></div></div></div><section data-ad-index="2" class="css-t6ry6e e13lia4i18"><section id="slide-5" data-anchor-id="slide-5" data-journey-listicle-slide="true" class="css-1rz4ih8 e16kmapv8"><div data-journey-content="true" class="listicle-slides css-8binen e16kmapv7"><div class="css-gd5gam e16kmapv6"><span class="css-1quk5zh e16kmapv2">5</span><div class="css-voix3z eutn2uj2"><div class="css-7jdyxr e1nfup6f1"><img srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=640:* 640w, https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=980:* 980w" alt="this image is not available" data-cy="slide-image-5" src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=980:*" title="Image No Longer Available" width="1080" height="1080" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><figcaption data-theme-key="photo-credit-figcaption" class="css-qwlzud e1g9hcy40"><span data-theme-key="photo-credit-creditor" class="css-3v2r6c e1geg53v2">Media Platforms Design Team</span></figcaption></div></div><div class="css-1h3t9lj e16kmapv3"><div class="css-h4zml9 e16kmapv4">Aleksei Leonov was wearing the Berkut spacesuit during the world's first spacewalk, taken from the Voskhod-2 spacecraft in March 1965. A 20-kilogram Berkut sported the first Soviet backpack life-support system, designated KP-55. The 21.5-kilogram unit could sustain a cosmonaut for 30 to 45 minutes during a spacewalk or in an emergency onboard the spacecraft. <br/><br/></div></div></div></div></section><section id="slide-6" data-anchor-id="slide-6" data-journey-listicle-slide="true" class="css-1rz4ih8 e16kmapv8"><div data-journey-content="true" class="listicle-slides css-8binen e16kmapv7"><div class="css-gd5gam e16kmapv6"><span class="css-1quk5zh e16kmapv2">6</span><div class="css-voix3z eutn2uj2"><div class="css-7jdyxr e1nfup6f1"><img srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=640:* 640w, https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=980:* 980w" alt="this image is not available" data-cy="slide-image-6" src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=980:*" title="Image No Longer Available" width="1080" height="1080" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><figcaption data-theme-key="photo-credit-figcaption" class="css-qwlzud e1g9hcy40"><span data-theme-key="photo-credit-creditor" class="css-3v2r6c e1geg53v2">Media Platforms Design Team</span></figcaption></div></div><div class="css-1h3t9lj e16kmapv3"><div class="css-h4zml9 e16kmapv4">During the 1960s, engineers at Factory No. 918 endeavored to resolve the out-of-this-world problem of cosmonauts maneuvering outside their spacecraft. The result was a Unit for Cosmonaut Transfer and Maneuvering, UMPK. This space bike was to be propelled by 84 solid-propellent motors and 14 cold-gas thrusters. It was to be tested during Voskhod-5 or Voskhod-6 missions. But both were cancelled, leaving the UMPK unit just a museum artifact. <br/><br/></div></div></div></div></section><div class="css-1sirylr eutn2uj0"><div class="vertical-ad right-rail-ad listicle--ad-rail css-80uhvq e13lia4i5"><div class="e13lia4i6 css-4z3bwe e19qkiag2"><div id="listicle-ad-rail-1" class="ad-container css-rbetrv ewg5wdb1"></div></div></div></div></section><div data-journey-unblur="true"><div data-journey-unblur="true" class="gpt-breaker-container breaker-ad breaker-ad listicle-slide-list-ad eutn2uj1 css-vroe5m e1spmc110"><div class="ad-disclaimer no-print css-ul6h9p e1caqep90">Advertisement - Continue Reading Below</div><div id="listicle-ad-breaker-2" class="ad-container css-rbetrv ewg5wdb1"></div></div></div><section data-ad-index="3" class="css-t6ry6e e13lia4i18"><section id="slide-7" data-anchor-id="slide-7" data-journey-listicle-slide="true" class="css-1rz4ih8 e16kmapv8"><div data-journey-content="true" class="listicle-slides css-8binen e16kmapv7"><div class="css-gd5gam e16kmapv6"><span class="css-1quk5zh e16kmapv2">7</span><div class="css-voix3z eutn2uj2"><div class="css-7jdyxr e1nfup6f1"><img srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=640:* 640w, https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=980:* 980w" alt="this image is not available" data-cy="slide-image-7" src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=980:*" title="Image No Longer Available" width="1080" height="1080" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><figcaption data-theme-key="photo-credit-figcaption" class="css-qwlzud e1g9hcy40"><span data-theme-key="photo-credit-creditor" class="css-3v2r6c e1geg53v2">Media Platforms Design Team</span></figcaption></div></div><div class="css-1h3t9lj e16kmapv3"><div class="css-h4zml9 e16kmapv4">The USSR developed a much more advanced personal maneuvering unit, called 21KS, during the 1980s. It was successfully tested onboard the Mir space station in February 1990, when a pair of cosmonauts took turns to fly 33 to 45 meters (more than 100 feet) from their orbital home. Unlike American astronauts who pioneered the use of a similar contraption onboard the space shuttle six years earlier, the Soviet cosmonauts remained tethered to the station. <br/><br/></div></div></div></div></section><section id="slide-8" data-anchor-id="slide-8" data-journey-listicle-slide="true" class="css-1rz4ih8 e16kmapv8"><div data-journey-content="true" class="listicle-slides css-8binen e16kmapv7"><div class="css-gd5gam e16kmapv6"><span class="css-1quk5zh e16kmapv2">8</span><div class="css-voix3z eutn2uj2"><div class="css-7jdyxr e1nfup6f1"><img srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=640:* 640w, https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=980:* 980w" alt="this image is not available" data-cy="slide-image-8" src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=980:*" title="Image No Longer Available" width="1080" height="1080" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><figcaption data-theme-key="photo-credit-figcaption" class="css-qwlzud e1g9hcy40"><span data-theme-key="photo-credit-creditor" class="css-3v2r6c e1geg53v2">Media Platforms Design Team</span></figcaption></div></div><div class="css-1h3t9lj e16kmapv3"><div class="css-h4zml9 e16kmapv4">The development of the Buran, the Soviet equivalent of the space shuttle, posed new challenges for spacesuit designers. During early test launches of the winged spacecraft, Buran's pilots would sit in K-36RB ejection seats, ready to bail out in the event of a catastrophic failure up to an altitude of 40 kilometers. To protect the pilot from the enormous heat generated during a supersonic free-fall from the stratosphere, the Strizh spacesuit, seen here, had a leather-covered external layer. The Strizh could also protect pilots in case Buran's cabin was breached in orbit, giving the crew 12 to 24 hours to return their space plane back to Earth. During its development, one of the Strizh suits (second from the left) was placed in an unmanned Soyuz rocket and ejected in midflight in order to prove its design. However, the Buran spacecraft flew only one unmanned mission before the program stalled at the end of the Cold War. <br/><br/></div></div></div></div></section><div class="css-1sirylr eutn2uj0"><div class="vertical-ad right-rail-ad listicle--ad-rail css-80uhvq e13lia4i5"><div class="e13lia4i6 css-4z3bwe e19qkiag2"><div id="listicle-ad-rail-2" class="ad-container css-rbetrv ewg5wdb1"></div></div></div></div></section><div data-journey-unblur="true"></div><section data-ad-index="4" class="css-t6ry6e e13lia4i18"><section id="slide-9" data-anchor-id="slide-9" data-journey-listicle-slide="true" class="css-1rz4ih8 e16kmapv8"><div data-journey-content="true" class="listicle-slides css-8binen e16kmapv7"><div class="css-gd5gam e16kmapv6"><span class="css-1quk5zh e16kmapv2">9</span><div class="css-voix3z eutn2uj2"><div class="css-7jdyxr e1nfup6f1"><img srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=640:* 640w, https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=980:* 980w" alt="this image is not available" data-cy="slide-image-9" src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=980:*" title="Image No Longer Available" width="1080" height="1080" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><figcaption data-theme-key="photo-credit-figcaption" class="css-qwlzud e1g9hcy40"><span data-theme-key="photo-credit-creditor" class="css-3v2r6c e1geg53v2">Media Platforms Design Team</span></figcaption></div></div><div class="css-1h3t9lj e16kmapv3"><div class="css-h4zml9 e16kmapv4">During a highly publicized MARS-500 experiment in 2011, a group of volunteers was locked up for a year and a half in a life-size mockup of a Mars-bound spacecraft. Although the group never truly left Earth, the project gave Russian engineers their first opportunity to practice building a spacesuit for walks on the surface of the Red Planet (left). <br/><br/></div></div></div></div></section><section id="slide-10" data-anchor-id="slide-10" data-journey-listicle-slide="true" class="css-1rz4ih8 e16kmapv8"><div data-journey-content="true" class="listicle-slides css-8binen e16kmapv7"><div class="css-gd5gam e16kmapv6"><span class="css-1quk5zh e16kmapv2">10</span><div class="css-voix3z eutn2uj2"><div class="css-7jdyxr e1nfup6f1"><img srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=640:* 640w, https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=980:* 980w" alt="this image is not available" data-cy="slide-image-10" src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=980:*" title="Image No Longer Available" width="1080" height="1080" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><figcaption data-theme-key="photo-credit-figcaption" class="css-qwlzud e1g9hcy40"><span data-theme-key="photo-credit-creditor" class="css-3v2r6c e1geg53v2">Media Platforms Design Team</span></figcaption></div></div><div class="css-1h3t9lj e16kmapv3"><div class="css-h4zml9 e16kmapv4">They're much less glamorous but no less necessary than spacesuits. Space toilets of several generations have been built here. The museum display represents the ASU-8A device, whose key components were first developed for the Buran orbiter. Later, a modified version provided conveniences for the crew of the Mir space station. Although it was designed for a spacecraft with a crew of three to six, ASU-8A required a periodic replacement of waste containers (right), which would be loaded into departing cargo ships to burn up in the atmosphere along with other trash. <br/><br/></div></div></div></div></section><div class="css-1sirylr eutn2uj0"><div class="vertical-ad right-rail-ad listicle--ad-rail css-80uhvq e13lia4i5"><div class="e13lia4i6 css-4z3bwe e19qkiag2"><div id="listicle-ad-rail-3" class="ad-container css-rbetrv ewg5wdb1"></div></div></div></div></section><div data-journey-unblur="true"><div data-journey-unblur="true" class="gpt-breaker-container breaker-ad breaker-ad listicle-slide-list-ad eutn2uj1 css-vroe5m e1spmc110"><div class="ad-disclaimer no-print css-ul6h9p e1caqep90">Advertisement - Continue Reading Below</div><div id="listicle-ad-breaker-4" class="ad-container css-rbetrv ewg5wdb1"></div></div></div><section data-ad-index="5" class="css-t6ry6e e13lia4i18"><section id="slide-11" data-anchor-id="slide-11" data-journey-listicle-slide="true" class="css-1rz4ih8 e16kmapv8"><div data-journey-content="true" class="listicle-slides css-8binen e16kmapv7"><div class="css-gd5gam e16kmapv6"><span class="css-1quk5zh e16kmapv2">11</span><div class="css-voix3z eutn2uj2"><div class="css-7jdyxr e1nfup6f1"><img srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=640:* 640w, https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=980:* 980w" alt="this image is not available" data-cy="slide-image-11" src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=980:*" title="Image No Longer Available" width="1080" height="1080" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><figcaption data-theme-key="photo-credit-figcaption" class="css-qwlzud e1g9hcy40"><span data-theme-key="photo-credit-creditor" class="css-3v2r6c e1geg53v2">Media Platforms Design Team</span></figcaption></div></div><div class="css-1h3t9lj e16kmapv3"><div class="css-h4zml9 e16kmapv4">Engineers at Zvezda attempted to bring Soviet &quot;space hotels&quot; to a five-star level with the development of an orbital shower. It was first employed onboard the Salyut-6 space station, launched in 1977. However, veterans of the project admit that the hassle of using the water-hungry device rendered it impractical. <br/><br/></div></div></div></div></section><section id="slide-12" data-anchor-id="slide-12" data-journey-listicle-slide="true" class="css-1rz4ih8 e16kmapv8"><div data-journey-content="true" class="listicle-slides css-8binen e16kmapv7"><div class="css-gd5gam e16kmapv6"><span class="css-1quk5zh e16kmapv2">12</span><div class="css-voix3z eutn2uj2"><div class="css-7jdyxr e1nfup6f1"><img srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=640:* 640w, https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=980:* 980w" alt="this image is not available" data-cy="slide-image-12" src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=980:*" title="Image No Longer Available" width="1080" height="1080" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><figcaption data-theme-key="photo-credit-figcaption" class="css-qwlzud e1g9hcy40"><span data-theme-key="photo-credit-creditor" class="css-3v2r6c e1geg53v2">Media Platforms Design Team</span></figcaption></div></div><div class="css-1h3t9lj e16kmapv3"><div class="css-h4zml9 e16kmapv4">Russia's spacefaring past and future meet inside Zvezda's vast centrifuge room. Currently undergoing renovations for the future development work, the facility was once a backdrop for the iconic footage of Yuri Gagarin enduring a dizzying centrifuge spin. <br/><br/></div></div></div></div></section><div class="css-1sirylr eutn2uj0"><div class="vertical-ad right-rail-ad listicle--ad-rail css-80uhvq e13lia4i5"><div class="e13lia4i6 css-4z3bwe e19qkiag2"><div id="listicle-ad-rail-4" class="ad-container css-rbetrv ewg5wdb1"></div></div></div></div></section><div data-journey-unblur="true"><div data-journey-unblur="true" class="gpt-breaker-container breaker-ad breaker-ad listicle-slide-list-ad eutn2uj1 css-vroe5m e1spmc110"><div class="ad-disclaimer no-print css-ul6h9p e1caqep90">Advertisement - Continue Reading Below</div><div id="listicle-ad-breaker-5" class="ad-container css-rbetrv ewg5wdb1"></div></div></div><section data-ad-index="6" class="css-t6ry6e e13lia4i18"><section id="slide-13" data-anchor-id="slide-13" data-journey-listicle-slide="true" class="css-1rz4ih8 e16kmapv8"><div data-journey-content="true" class="listicle-slides css-8binen e16kmapv7"><div class="css-gd5gam e16kmapv6"><span class="css-1quk5zh e16kmapv2">13</span><div class="css-voix3z eutn2uj2"><div class="css-7jdyxr e1nfup6f1"><img srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=640:* 640w, https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=980:* 980w" alt="this image is not available" data-cy="slide-image-13" src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=980:*" title="Image No Longer Available" width="1080" height="1080" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><figcaption data-theme-key="photo-credit-figcaption" class="css-qwlzud e1g9hcy40"><span data-theme-key="photo-credit-creditor" class="css-3v2r6c e1geg53v2">Media Platforms Design Team</span></figcaption></div></div><div class="css-1h3t9lj e16kmapv3"><div class="css-h4zml9 e16kmapv4">The latest incarnation of the Orlan spacesuit undergoes final checks before its delivery to the International Space Station, where it would be used for multiple ventures onto the exterior of the orbiting outpost staged from the Russian segment of the ISS. <br/><br/></div></div></div></div></section><section id="slide-14" data-anchor-id="slide-14" data-journey-listicle-slide="true" class="css-1rz4ih8 e16kmapv8"><div data-journey-content="true" class="listicle-slides css-8binen e16kmapv7"><div class="css-gd5gam e16kmapv6"><span class="css-1quk5zh e16kmapv2">14</span><div class="css-voix3z eutn2uj2"><div class="css-7jdyxr e1nfup6f1"><img srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=640:* 640w, https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=980:* 980w" alt="this image is not available" data-cy="slide-image-14" src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=980:*" title="Image No Longer Available" width="1080" height="1080" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><figcaption data-theme-key="photo-credit-figcaption" class="css-qwlzud e1g9hcy40"><span data-theme-key="photo-credit-creditor" class="css-3v2r6c e1geg53v2">Media Platforms Design Team</span></figcaption></div></div><div class="css-1h3t9lj e16kmapv3"><div class="css-h4zml9 e16kmapv4">Spacesuits designed for spacewalks can be tested inside a 50-cubic-meter KS-5411 vacuum chamber that mimics conditions in space. The facility was once used to prepare a welding experiment, which was later repeated onboard the Salyut-7 space station. <br/><br/></div></div></div></div></section><div class="css-1sirylr eutn2uj0"><div class="vertical-ad right-rail-ad listicle--ad-rail css-80uhvq e13lia4i5"><div class="e13lia4i6 css-4z3bwe e19qkiag2"><div id="listicle-ad-rail-5" class="ad-container css-rbetrv ewg5wdb1"></div></div></div></div></section><div data-journey-unblur="true"><div data-journey-unblur="true" class="gpt-breaker-container breaker-ad breaker-ad listicle-slide-list-ad eutn2uj1 css-vroe5m e1spmc110"><div class="ad-disclaimer no-print css-ul6h9p e1caqep90">Advertisement - Continue Reading Below</div><div id="listicle-ad-breaker-6" class="ad-container css-rbetrv ewg5wdb1"></div></div></div><section data-ad-index="7" class="css-t6ry6e e13lia4i18"><section id="slide-15" data-anchor-id="slide-15" data-journey-listicle-slide="true" class="css-1rz4ih8 e16kmapv8"><div data-journey-content="true" class="listicle-slides css-8binen e16kmapv7"><div class="css-gd5gam e16kmapv6"><span class="css-1quk5zh e16kmapv2">15</span><div class="css-voix3z eutn2uj2"><div class="css-7jdyxr e1nfup6f1"><img srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=640:* 640w, https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=980:* 980w" alt="this image is not available" data-cy="slide-image-15" src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1xw:0.75xh;center,top&amp;resize=980:*" title="Image No Longer Available" width="1080" height="1080" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><figcaption data-theme-key="photo-credit-figcaption" class="css-qwlzud e1g9hcy40"><span data-theme-key="photo-credit-creditor" class="css-3v2r6c e1geg53v2">Media Platforms Design Team</span></figcaption></div></div><div class="css-1h3t9lj e16kmapv3"><div class="css-h4zml9 e16kmapv4">All cosmonauts (and now astronauts) preparing to fly on board Soyuz spacecraft undergo a risky test inside the vacuum chamber at Zvezda. The procedure aims to familiarize Soyuz crew members with &quot;space-grade&quot; vacuum and demonstrate protective capabilities of their Sokol rescue suits. Ironically, Soyuz crews will never experience vacuum conditions during a real flight unless their spacecraft is hit with a catastrophic failure leading to a loss of pressure in the cabin. When this photo was taken, a European astronaut scheduled to fly to the ISS was undergoing the test inside the chamber. A medical emergency team was on standby in the same room. <br/><br/></div></div></div></div></section><section id="slide-16" data-anchor-id="slide-16" data-journey-listicle-slide="true" class="css-1rz4ih8 e16kmapv8"><div data-journey-content="true" class="listicle-slides css-8binen e16kmapv7"><div class="css-gd5gam e16kmapv6"><span class="css-1quk5zh e16kmapv2">16</span><div class="css-voix3z eutn2uj2"><div class="css-7jdyxr e1nfup6f1"><img srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=640:* 640w, https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=980:* 980w" alt="this image is not available" data-cy="slide-image-16" src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png?crop=1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh&amp;resize=980:*" title="Image No Longer Available" width="1080" height="1080" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><figcaption data-theme-key="photo-credit-figcaption" class="css-qwlzud e1g9hcy40"><span data-theme-key="photo-credit-creditor" class="css-3v2r6c e1geg53v2">Media Platforms Design Team</span></figcaption></div></div><div class="css-1h3t9lj e16kmapv3"><div class="css-h4zml9 e16kmapv4">Relying on 60 years of experience in designing cosmonaut chairs for Russia's spacecraft, engineers at Zvezda are currently working on a new seating arrangement for the next-generation spacecraft. They used a cutting-edge 3D printing technology to produce this full-scale prototype of the chair, dubbed Cheget after a mountain in the Caucasus range. Still, the chair could go through many incarnations before the final design emerges. <br/><br/></div></div></div></div></section><div class="css-1sirylr eutn2uj0"><div class="vertical-ad right-rail-ad listicle--ad-rail css-80uhvq e13lia4i5"><div class="e13lia4i6 css-4z3bwe e19qkiag2"><div id="listicle-ad-rail-6" class="ad-container css-rbetrv ewg5wdb1"></div></div></div></div></section><section class="css-t6ry6e e13lia4i18"><div data-journey-blur="partial" class="css-1e54vvi e13lia4i9"><div class="css-16s525c e13lia4i8"><div data-journey-blur="partial" data-ad-exclude="true" class="css-19m4yzp e1jy25xv0"><div class="css-sfzxfp ev8dhu59"><span class="css-3mrz81 ev8dhu51"><img src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/rover/profile_photos/dc7fbbcb-8d66-410e-838c-24920a9e5ca9_1509754896.jpg?fill=1:1&amp;resize=120:*" alt="Headshot of Anatoly Zak" title="Headshot of Anatoly Zak" width="100%" height="100%" decoding="async" loading="lazy" class="css-o0wq4v ev8dhu53"/></span><div class="css-gorqpr ev8dhu58"><span class="css-0 ev8dhu56"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/author/7726/anatoly-zak/" class="e1c1bym13 css-siwijo e1c1bym14"><span>Anatoly Zak</span></a></span></div><div class="css-1dsojn8 ev8dhu55"><div class="css-1blykqe ev8dhu54">Anatoly Zak is a publisher of RussianSpaceWeb.com and the author of "Russia in Space: the Past Explained, the Future Explored."</div></div></div></div><div data-ad-exclude="true" id="journey-inline" class="css-ciejky e1ye6jr30"></div></div></div></section></div><section data-lazy-id="P0-9"><div data-embed="watch-next" class="css-es6uyf e1a8voem5"><div data-journey-blur="partial" class="css-14vh9p e1a8voem4"><div class="css-1sowyjy e1a8voem3"><h6 class="css-57mhak e1a8voem2"><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-before" class="css-0 eagam8p0"></span><span class="css-0 e1a8voem1">Watch Next</span><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-after" class="css-0 eagam8p1"></span></h6><h6 class="css-1hxxve0 e1a8voem0"> </h6></div><div class="__resp-container css-1ui7hop e6inl0f0"><div data-position="13" data-dock="false" data-disable-ads="false" data-muted="true" data-sticky="true" data-mobile-controls-on-desktop="false" class="video-player css-guxj2g e1hzgkwu0"><div class="video-player-wrapper"><video playsinline></video></div><div class="css-1d3dqod e7hrar04"><button data-theme-key="video-play-icon-button" aria-label="Play Video" class="css-19szzr8 e7hrar00"><img data-dynamic-svg="true" src="/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/icons/play.db7c035.svg?primary=%2523ffffff" loading="lazy" data-testid="dynamic-svg-base" height="24" width="24" alt="Play Icon" role="img" title="Play" class="css-ovd4yx e7hrar01"/></button><img alt="preview for Popular Mechanics All Sections" title="Video player poster image" loading="lazy" width="2000" height="1000" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent;width:100%;height:auto;" sizes="100vw" srcset="https://hips.hearstapps.com/vidthumb/images/2024-popmech-products-christmaslights-ep01-jc-v01-thumb-6723c1fd9327e.jpg?crop=1xw:0.8435812837432514xh;center,top&amp;resize=640:* 640w, https://hips.hearstapps.com/vidthumb/images/2024-popmech-products-christmaslights-ep01-jc-v01-thumb-6723c1fd9327e.jpg?crop=1xw:0.8435812837432514xh;center,top&amp;resize=980:* 980w, https://hips.hearstapps.com/vidthumb/images/2024-popmech-products-christmaslights-ep01-jc-v01-thumb-6723c1fd9327e.jpg?crop=1xw:0.8435812837432514xh;center,top&amp;resize=1200:* 1120w" src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/vidthumb/images/2024-popmech-products-christmaslights-ep01-jc-v01-thumb-6723c1fd9327e.jpg?crop=1xw:0.8435812837432514xh;center,top&amp;resize=1200:*" class="e7hrar03 css-g939jb e193vzwj0"/></div></div></div></div></div></section><div data-journey-hide="true" class="css-izijhn e1spmc110"><div class="ad-disclaimer no-print css-u3tfdl e1caqep90">Advertisement - Continue Reading Below</div><div id="article-marketplace-horizontal" class="e164mmay0 css-eg51ek ewg5wdb1"></div></div><div id="module-recommended" data-journey-hide="true" class="recommended-module css-bnk019 epwqfrm0"></div><div data-block="transporter" data-journey-hide="true" data-lazy-id="P0-10" class="css-15qxeah e9dgbgx0"><section class="css-v428m8 ezpcz1b0"><div data-theme-key="block-header" class="css-pxpvjf eqz7u0o2"><h2 data-theme-key="block-heading" class="css-1gyr97z eqz7u0o1"><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-before" class="css-cuqpxl eagam8p0"></span><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/space/rockets/" class="css-0 e1c1bym14">Rockets</a><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-after" class="css-xtujxj eagam8p1"></span></h2></div><div data-theme-key="four-across-layout" class="css-oh4jj4 ezpcz1b1"><a data-theme-key="custom-item" href="/space/rockets/a62058449/ariane5-rocket-debris-snorkeling/" label data-vars-cta="Rockets" data-vars-ga-position="1" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="Snorkeler Finds Huge Rocket Panel on Remote Island" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/a62058449/ariane5-rocket-debris-snorkeling/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Transporter" class="ee4ms352 css-1objo0p e1c1bym14"><div class="css-ftsoqv ee4ms351"><img src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/japanese-hellcat-wreck-solomon-islands-royalty-free-image-1725541499.jpg?crop=0.665xw:1.00xh;0.168xw,0&amp;resize=360:*" alt="japanese hellcat wreck, solomon islands" title="Japanese Hellcat Wreck, Solomon Islands" width="100%" height="auto" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/></div><div data-theme-key="custom-item-content" class="css-1qavtx6 ee4ms350"><p data-theme-key="custom-item-title" class="css-pl4wuz e10ip9lg6"><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-before" class="css-0 eagam8p0"></span><span data-theme-key="custom-item-title-text" class="css-huxaxc e10ip9lg5">Snorkeler Finds Huge Rocket Panel on Remote Island</span><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-after" class="css-0 eagam8p1"></span></p></div></a><a data-theme-key="custom-item" href="/space/rockets/a62047078/starship-explosion-ionosphere/" label data-vars-cta="Rockets" data-vars-ga-position="2" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="Starship Explosion Blew Open the Ionosphere" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/a62047078/starship-explosion-ionosphere/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Transporter" class="ee4ms352 css-1objo0p e1c1bym14"><div class="css-ftsoqv ee4ms351"><img src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/spacexs-starship-spacecraft-and-super-heavy-rocket-explodes-news-photo-1725483126.jpg?crop=0.601xw:0.772xh;0.173xw,0.144xh&amp;resize=360:*" alt="spacex's starship spacecraft and super heavy rocket" title="SpaceX's Starship spacecraft and Super Heavy rocket" width="100%" height="auto" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/></div><div data-theme-key="custom-item-content" class="css-1qavtx6 ee4ms350"><p data-theme-key="custom-item-title" class="css-pl4wuz e10ip9lg6"><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-before" class="css-0 eagam8p0"></span><span data-theme-key="custom-item-title-text" class="css-huxaxc e10ip9lg5">Starship Explosion Blew Open the Ionosphere</span><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-after" class="css-0 eagam8p1"></span></p></div></a><a data-theme-key="custom-item" href="/space/rockets/a61755044/gamma-ray-lasers/" label data-vars-cta="Rockets" data-vars-ga-position="3" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="This Laser Could Unlock Interstellar Travel" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/a61755044/gamma-ray-lasers/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Transporter" class="ee4ms352 css-1objo0p e1c1bym14"><div class="css-ftsoqv ee4ms351"><img src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/red-laser-ray-royalty-free-image-1722456000.jpg?crop=0.670xw:1.00xh;0,0&amp;resize=360:*" alt="red laser array" title="gamma ray lasers" width="100%" height="auto" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/></div><div data-theme-key="custom-item-content" class="css-1qavtx6 ee4ms350"><p data-theme-key="custom-item-title" class="css-pl4wuz e10ip9lg6"><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-before" class="css-0 eagam8p0"></span><span data-theme-key="custom-item-title-text" class="css-huxaxc e10ip9lg5">This Laser Could Unlock Interstellar Travel</span><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-after" class="css-0 eagam8p1"></span></p></div></a><a data-theme-key="custom-item" href="/space/rockets/a61019322/starship-test-flight/" label data-vars-cta="Rockets" data-vars-ga-position="4" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="The World’s Biggest Rocket Just Got Closer to Mars" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/a61019322/starship-test-flight/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Transporter" class="ee4ms352 css-1objo0p e1c1bym14"><div class="css-ftsoqv ee4ms351"><img src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/starship-ift2-ascent-66620c0a7fbf5.jpg?crop=1.00xw:0.502xh;0,0.188xh&amp;resize=360:*" alt="starship" width="100%" height="auto" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/></div><div data-theme-key="custom-item-content" class="css-1qavtx6 ee4ms350"><p data-theme-key="custom-item-title" class="css-pl4wuz e10ip9lg6"><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-before" class="css-0 eagam8p0"></span><span data-theme-key="custom-item-title-text" class="css-huxaxc e10ip9lg5">The World’s Biggest Rocket Just Got Closer to Mars</span><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-after" class="css-0 eagam8p1"></span></p></div></a></div><div class="css-dn8zfu e19qkiag2"><div class="ad-disclaimer no-print css-o2p5ot e1caqep90">Advertisement - Continue Reading Below</div><div id="gpt-ad-vertical-bottom" class="ad-container css-om4gqg ewg5wdb1"></div></div></section><section class="css-njhfk8 ezpcz1b0"><div data-theme-key="four-across-layout" class="css-taukg1 ezpcz1b1"><a data-theme-key="custom-item" href="/space/rockets/a60746821/warp-drive-within-known-physics/" label data-vars-cta="4 Across Block 0" data-vars-ga-position="1" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="New Warp Drive Concept Is More Fact Than Fiction" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/a60746821/warp-drive-within-known-physics/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Transporter" class="ee4ms352 css-1objo0p e1c1bym14"><div class="css-ftsoqv ee4ms351"><img src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/planet-earth-from-outer-space-global-connected-with-royalty-free-image-1715351775.jpg?crop=0.657xw:1.00xh;0.173xw,0&amp;resize=360:*" alt="planet earth from outer space global connected with colorful light trails" title="Planet Earth from outer space global connected with colorful light trails." width="100%" height="auto" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/></div><div data-theme-key="custom-item-content" class="css-1qavtx6 ee4ms350"><p data-theme-key="custom-item-title" class="css-pl4wuz e10ip9lg6"><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-before" class="css-0 eagam8p0"></span><span data-theme-key="custom-item-title-text" class="css-huxaxc e10ip9lg5">New Warp Drive Concept Is More Fact Than Fiction</span><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-after" class="css-0 eagam8p1"></span></p></div></a><a data-theme-key="custom-item" href="/space/rockets/a60654632/next-generation-ion-thruster-nasa/" label data-vars-cta="4 Across Block 1" data-vars-ga-position="2" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="NASA's Ion Thruster Could Spawn a Space Revolution" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/a60654632/next-generation-ion-thruster-nasa/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Transporter" class="ee4ms352 css-1objo0p e1c1bym14"><div class="css-ftsoqv ee4ms351"><img src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/spaceship-blazes-its-way-through-space-with-royalty-free-illustration-1714676022.jpg?crop=0.5xw:1xh;center,top&amp;resize=360:*" alt="a spaceship blazes its way through space with ion propulsion" title="A spaceship blazes its way through space with ion propulsion." width="100%" height="auto" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/></div><div data-theme-key="custom-item-content" class="css-1qavtx6 ee4ms350"><p data-theme-key="custom-item-title" class="css-pl4wuz e10ip9lg6"><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-before" class="css-0 eagam8p0"></span><span data-theme-key="custom-item-title-text" class="css-huxaxc e10ip9lg5">NASA's Ion Thruster Could Spawn a Space Revolution</span><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-after" class="css-0 eagam8p1"></span></p></div></a><a data-theme-key="custom-item" href="/space/rockets/a60608517/overcome-earth-gravity/" label data-vars-cta="4 Across Block 2" data-vars-ga-position="3" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="An Engineer Says He’s Overcome Earth’s Gravity" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/a60608517/overcome-earth-gravity/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Transporter" class="ee4ms352 css-1objo0p e1c1bym14"><div class="css-ftsoqv ee4ms351"><img src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/high-energy-particles-flow-through-a-tokamak-or-royalty-free-image-1714164529.jpg?crop=0.710xw:1.00xh;0.146xw,0&amp;resize=360:*" alt="high energy particles flow through a tokamak or doughnut shaped device antigravity, magnetic field, nuclear fusion, gravitational waves and spacetime concept" title="High Energy Particles Flow Through A Tokamak Or Doughnut-Shaped Device. Antigravity, Magnetic Field, Nuclear Fusion, Gravitational Waves And Spacetime Concept" width="100%" height="auto" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/></div><div data-theme-key="custom-item-content" class="css-1qavtx6 ee4ms350"><p data-theme-key="custom-item-title" class="css-pl4wuz e10ip9lg6"><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-before" class="css-0 eagam8p0"></span><span data-theme-key="custom-item-title-text" class="css-huxaxc e10ip9lg5">An Engineer Says He’s Overcome Earth’s Gravity</span><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-after" class="css-0 eagam8p1"></span></p></div></a><a data-theme-key="custom-item" href="/space/rockets/a60516917/warp-factory-warp-drive/" label data-vars-cta="4 Across Block 3" data-vars-ga-position="4" data-vars-ga-call-to-action=" Scientists Get Serious in Search for Warp Drive" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/a60516917/warp-factory-warp-drive/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Transporter" class="ee4ms352 css-1objo0p e1c1bym14"><div class="css-ftsoqv ee4ms351"><img src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/time-warp-traveling-at-the-speed-of-light-with-the-royalty-free-image-1713549675.jpg?crop=0.668xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0&amp;resize=360:*" alt="time warp, traveling at the speed of light with the colorful starburst" title="Time warp, traveling at the speed of light with the colorful starburst." width="100%" height="auto" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/></div><div data-theme-key="custom-item-content" class="css-1qavtx6 ee4ms350"><p data-theme-key="custom-item-title" class="css-pl4wuz e10ip9lg6"><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-before" class="css-0 eagam8p0"></span><span data-theme-key="custom-item-title-text" class="css-huxaxc e10ip9lg5"> Scientists Get Serious in Search for Warp Drive</span><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-after" class="css-0 eagam8p1"></span></p></div></a></div></section><section class="css-njhfk8 ezpcz1b0"><div data-theme-key="four-across-layout" class="css-taukg1 ezpcz1b1"><a data-theme-key="custom-item" href="/space/rockets/a45894819/chinese-rocket-crashes-into-moon-with-mystery-object/" label data-vars-cta="4 Across Block 0" data-vars-ga-position="1" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="A Chinese Rocket Took an Unknown Item to the Moon" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/a45894819/chinese-rocket-crashes-into-moon-with-mystery-object/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Transporter" class="ee4ms352 css-1objo0p e1c1bym14"><div class="css-ftsoqv ee4ms351"><img src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/lro-crater-image-655be3a799fbc.png?crop=1.00xw:1.00xh;0,0&amp;resize=360:*" alt="a close up of the moon" width="100%" height="auto" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/></div><div data-theme-key="custom-item-content" class="css-1qavtx6 ee4ms350"><p data-theme-key="custom-item-title" class="css-pl4wuz e10ip9lg6"><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-before" class="css-0 eagam8p0"></span><span data-theme-key="custom-item-title-text" class="css-huxaxc e10ip9lg5">A Chinese Rocket Took an Unknown Item to the Moon</span><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-after" class="css-0 eagam8p1"></span></p></div></a><a data-theme-key="custom-item" href="/space/rockets/a45807361/us-military-launching-nuclear-reactor-into-space/" label data-vars-cta="4 Across Block 1" data-vars-ga-position="2" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="The Pentagon Really Wants a Nuclear Spacecraft" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/a45807361/us-military-launching-nuclear-reactor-into-space/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Transporter" class="ee4ms352 css-1objo0p e1c1bym14"><div class="css-ftsoqv ee4ms351"><img src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/futuristic-nuclear-fission-energy-or-molecule-royalty-free-image-1700840831.jpg?crop=0.670xw:1.00xh;0.165xw,0&amp;resize=360:*" alt="futuristic nuclear fission , energy or molecule concept, 3d render" title="Futuristic nuclear fission , energy or molecule concept, 3D render" width="100%" height="auto" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/></div><div data-theme-key="custom-item-content" class="css-1qavtx6 ee4ms350"><p data-theme-key="custom-item-title" class="css-pl4wuz e10ip9lg6"><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-before" class="css-0 eagam8p0"></span><span data-theme-key="custom-item-title-text" class="css-huxaxc e10ip9lg5">The Pentagon Really Wants a Nuclear Spacecraft</span><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-after" class="css-0 eagam8p1"></span></p></div></a><a data-theme-key="custom-item" href="/space/rockets/a44565677/mysterious-cylinder-washes-up-on-australian-beach-what-is-it/" label data-vars-cta="4 Across Block 2" data-vars-ga-position="3" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="Cylinder on Australian Beach is Part of a Rocket " data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/a44565677/mysterious-cylinder-washes-up-on-australian-beach-what-is-it/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Transporter" class="ee4ms352 css-1objo0p e1c1bym14"><div class="css-ftsoqv ee4ms351"><img src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/f1ocolaayamytmt-64b59a9e63ac5.jpeg?crop=0.752xw:1.00xh;0.125xw,0&amp;resize=360:*" alt="mysterious cylinder washes up on australian beach" width="100%" height="auto" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/></div><div data-theme-key="custom-item-content" class="css-1qavtx6 ee4ms350"><p data-theme-key="custom-item-title" class="css-pl4wuz e10ip9lg6"><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-before" class="css-0 eagam8p0"></span><span data-theme-key="custom-item-title-text" class="css-huxaxc e10ip9lg5">Cylinder on Australian Beach is Part of a Rocket </span><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-after" class="css-0 eagam8p1"></span></p></div></a><a data-theme-key="custom-item" href="/space/rockets/a44401725/aerospike-engine-is-the-future-of-spaceflight/" label data-vars-cta="4 Across Block 3" data-vars-ga-position="4" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="Why the Aerospike Engine Is the Future of Rockets" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/a44401725/aerospike-engine-is-the-future-of-spaceflight/" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Transporter" class="ee4ms352 css-1objo0p e1c1bym14"><div class="css-ftsoqv ee4ms351"><img src="https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/ec98-44440-4-orig-649f4c1a7de61.jpeg?crop=0.804xw:1.00xh;0.103xw,0&amp;resize=360:*" alt="the nasa sr 71a successfully completed its first cold flow flight as part of the nasarocketdynelockheed martin linear aerospike sr 71 experiment lasre at nasa's dryden flight research center, edwards, california on march 4, 1998during a cold flow flight, gaseous helium and liquid nitrogen are cycled through the linear aerospike engine to check the engine's plumbing system for leaks and to check the engine operating characterisitics cold flow tests must be accomplished successfully before firing the rocket engine experiment in flightthe sr 71 took off at 1016 am pst the aircraft flew for one hour and fifty seven minutes, reaching a maximum speed of mach 158 before landing at edwards at 1213 pm pst&quot;i think all in all we had a good mission today,&quot; dryden lasre project manager dave lux saidflight crew member bob meyer agreed, saying the crew &quot;thought it was a really good flight&quot; dryden research pilot ed schneider piloted the sr 71 during the missionlockheed martin lasre project manager carl meade added, &quot;we are extremely pleased with today's results this will help pave the way for the first in flight engine data collection flight of the lasre&quot;" title="why the aerospike engine is the future of rockets" width="100%" height="auto" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/></div><div data-theme-key="custom-item-content" class="css-1qavtx6 ee4ms350"><p data-theme-key="custom-item-title" class="css-pl4wuz e10ip9lg6"><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-before" class="css-0 eagam8p0"></span><span data-theme-key="custom-item-title-text" class="css-huxaxc e10ip9lg5">Why the Aerospike Engine Is the Future of Rockets</span><span aria-hidden="true" data-theme-key="title-design-element-after" class="css-0 eagam8p1"></span></p></div></a></div></section><div data-journey-unblur="true" class="gpt-breaker-container breaker-ad css-h7nhlk e1spmc110"><div class="ad-disclaimer no-print css-177hzxi e1caqep90">Advertisement - Continue Reading Below</div><div id="gpt-ad-leaderboard-bottom" class="ad-container css-1njatnj ewg5wdb1"></div></div></div></main><footer data-lazy-id="P0-11" class="footer css-1xen7u9 eqtscwt0"><div class="css-1ss7lvu eluqz9n10"><div class="css-iz4391 eluqz9n9"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/" aria-label="Popular Mechanics" class="css-1bisbws e1c1bym14"><img data-dynamic-svg="true" src="/_assets/design-tokens/popularmechanics/static/images/logos/logo.a957255.svg?primary=%25231c6a65" loading="lazy" data-testid="dynamic-svg-base" height="auto" width="auto" alt="Logo" class="css-0 e1qdlatq0"/></a><div class="css-6uae8g eznjit40"><div class="css-70qvj9 eznjit44"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://twitter.com/PopMech" aria-label="x" class="css-n9en60 e1c1bym14"><img data-dynamic-svg="true" src="/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/icons/social/x.3361b6d.svg?primary=%2523000000&amp;id=social-button-icon" loading="lazy" data-testid="dynamic-svg-base" height="auto" width="auto" alt="x" class="css-jmxdxt eznjit42"/></a></div><div class="css-70qvj9 eznjit44"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://www.tiktok.com/@popularmechanics?lang=en" aria-label="tiktok" class="css-n9en60 e1c1bym14"><img data-dynamic-svg="true" src="/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/icons/social/tiktok.603c377.svg?primary=%2523000000&amp;id=social-button-icon" loading="lazy" data-testid="dynamic-svg-base" height="auto" width="auto" alt="tiktok" class="css-jmxdxt eznjit42"/></a></div><div class="css-70qvj9 eznjit44"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://www.youtube.com/c/popularmechanics?sub_confirmation=1" aria-label="youtube" class="css-n9en60 e1c1bym14"><img data-dynamic-svg="true" src="/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/icons/social/youtube.ce3e1ae.svg?primary=%2523000000&amp;id=social-button-icon" loading="lazy" data-testid="dynamic-svg-base" height="auto" width="auto" alt="youtube" class="css-jmxdxt eznjit42"/></a></div><div class="css-70qvj9 eznjit44"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://www.facebook.com/popularmechanics" aria-label="facebook" class="css-n9en60 e1c1bym14"><img data-dynamic-svg="true" src="/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/icons/social/facebook.a5a3a69.svg?primary=%2523000000&amp;id=social-button-icon" loading="lazy" data-testid="dynamic-svg-base" height="auto" width="auto" alt="facebook" class="css-jmxdxt eznjit42"/></a></div><div class="css-70qvj9 eznjit44"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://www.instagram.com/popularmechanics/" aria-label="instagram" class="css-n9en60 e1c1bym14"><img data-dynamic-svg="true" src="/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/icons/social/instagram.f282b14.svg?primary=%2523000000&amp;id=social-button-icon" loading="lazy" data-testid="dynamic-svg-base" height="auto" width="auto" alt="instagram" class="css-jmxdxt eznjit42"/></a></div><div class="css-70qvj9 eznjit44"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://www.pinterest.com/popmech/?auto_follow=1" aria-label="pinterest" class="css-n9en60 e1c1bym14"><img data-dynamic-svg="true" src="/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/icons/social/pinterest.e8cf655.svg?primary=%2523000000&amp;id=social-button-icon" loading="lazy" data-testid="dynamic-svg-base" height="auto" width="auto" alt="pinterest" class="css-jmxdxt eznjit42"/></a></div></div></div><nav data-track-type="footer-menu" role="navigation" aria-label="Footer" class="css-kzigki eluqz9n8"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/newsletter" class="css-1vc4yu1 e1c1bym14">Newsletter</a><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/about/a45/about-us/" class="css-1vc4yu1 e1c1bym14">About Us</a><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="http://www.popularmechanicsmediakit.com/r5/home.asp" class="css-1vc4yu1 e1c1bym14">Media Kit</a><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-theme-key="base-link" href="/about/a34246962/how-to-pitch-popular-mechanics/" class="css-1vc4yu1 e1c1bym14">Writer Guidelines</a><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="http://www.hearst.com/newsroom" class="css-1vc4yu1 e1c1bym14">Press Room</a><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/about/a2922/contact-us/" class="css-1vc4yu1 e1c1bym14">Contact Us</a><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/about/a3024/community-guidelines/" class="css-1vc4yu1 e1c1bym14">Community Guidelines</a><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://www.advertising.hearstmagazines.com/brands/popular-mechanics" class="css-1vc4yu1 e1c1bym14">Advertise Online</a><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/service" class="css-1vc4yu1 e1c1bym14">Customer Service</a><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://shop.popularmechanics.com/popular-mechanics-all-access-2.html?cds_tracking_code=popfooter" class="css-1vc4yu1 e1c1bym14">Subscribe</a><a rel="nofollow" data-theme-key="base-link" href="http://subscribe.hearstmags.com/circulation/shared/index.html" class="css-1vc4yu1 e1c1bym14">Other Hearst Subscriptions</a><a rel="nofollow" data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://subscribe.hearstmags.com/subscribe/splits/popularmechanics/pop_gift_nav_link?source=pop_gift_nav_footer" class="css-1vc4yu1 e1c1bym14">Give a Gift</a></nav><img data-dynamic-svg="true" src="/_assets/design-tokens/popularmechanics/static/images/logos/network-logo.910b3ba.svg?primary=%2523ffffff" loading="lazy" data-testid="dynamic-svg-base" height="41" width="192" alt="Hearst Men's and Enthusiast Media Group - A Part of Hearst Digital Media" class="css-15si9rg eluqz9n7"/><p class="css-j307y1 eluqz9n6">A Part of Hearst Digital Media</p><p class="css-i7117i eluqz9n5">We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back.</p><p class="css-j307y1 eluqz9n3">©2024 Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.</p><div data-track-type="legal-footer-menu" class="css-lqx6q4 eluqz9n2"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://www.hearst.com/-/us-magazines-privacy-notice" class="css-r7fsoq e1c1bym14">Privacy Notice</a><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://www.hearst.com/-/us-magazines-privacy-notice#_ADDITIONAL_INFO" class="css-r7fsoq e1c1bym14">CA Notice at Collection</a><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://www.hearst.com/-/us-magazines-privacy-notice#_ADDITIONAL_INFO" class="css-r7fsoq e1c1bym14">Your CA Privacy Rights/Shine the Light</a><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://www.hearst.com/-/us-magazines-privacy-notice#_OPT_OUTS" class="css-r7fsoq e1c1bym14">DAA Industry Opt Out</a><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://www.hearst.com/-/us-magazines-terms-of-use" class="css-r7fsoq e1c1bym14">Terms of Use</a><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="/sitemap/" class="css-r7fsoq e1c1bym14">Site Map</a></div><div class="css-5tjtfu eluqz9n1"></div><div class="css-0 eluqz9n0"><a data-theme-key="base-link" href="#" title="Cookies Choices" data-track-type="cookie-choices" class="ot-sdk-show-settings e1f7ykkd1 css-1lqj95v e1c1bym14">Cookies Choices</a></div></div></footer><div class="mobile-adhesion-unit open css-1wohilq e1kh6tol1"><div id="adAdhesion" class="css-6bu6ey ewg5wdb0"></div><div aria-label="Close" class="mobile-adhesion-unit-close-button css-1o9hvj e1kh6tol0"></div></div><section data-lazy-id="P0-12"><footer data-theme-key="footer-fixed" aria-label="Privacy Disclosure" title="Your privacy matters to us" class="e1kug0ah5 css-c2mbg0 e1nl47r54"><div hidden data-theme-key="footer-fixed-content" class="css-ks2ry9 e1nl47r52"><div class="css-1wjzpdh e1kug0ah4"><div class="css-1mqiucd e1kug0ah3"><div class="css-nv49m3 e1kug0ah2">We use technologies that provide information about your interactions with this site to others for functionality, analytics, targeted advertising, and other uses. <a data-theme-key="base-link" href="https://www.hearst.com/-/us-magazines-privacy-notice" class="css-0 e1c1bym14">Learn more in our Privacy Notice.</a></div></div><button data-theme-key="button-primary" class="e1kug0ah1 css-1fb5bmc e12nq69g1"><img data-dynamic-svg="true" src="/_assets/design-tokens/fre/static/icons/close.38e3324.svg?primary=%2523FFF9EE" loading="lazy" data-testid="dynamic-svg-base" height="auto" width="auto" alt="Close" role="img" title="close" class="css-uanaa8 e1kug0ah0"/></button></div></div></footer></section></div><div id="modal-root"></div><script id="HRST">window.HRST=JSON.parse("{\"datalayer\":{\"embeddedMedia\":{\"content_attribute\":{\"Top_Touts\":{\"0\":\"Best Gas Patio Heaters -> //www.popularmechanics.com/home/lawn-garden/g37854124/best-gas-patio-heaters/\",\"1\":\"Wireless Surround Sound -> //www.popularmechanics.com/technology/audio/g38003019/best-wireless-surround-sound/\",\"2\":\"Best Nerf Guns -> //www.popularmechanics.com/home/g46009463/best-nerf-guns/\",\"3\":\"Genetic Time Machine -> //www.popularmechanics.com/science/animals/a63027645/chimpanzee-culture/\",\"4\":\"Mayan Calendar Mystery -> //www.popularmechanics.com/science/archaeology/a63052156/how-does-the-mayan-calendar-work/\"},\"paywall_off\":1}},\"excludeFromPaywall\":false,\"contentPublishDate\":1382374800,\"listicleSize\":16,\"contentSource\":\"Popular Mechanics\"},\"article\":{\"adCategory\":{\"name\":\"Technology\",\"prefix\":\"technology\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Anatoly Zak\"},\"collection\":[],\"sourceName\":\"Hearst Editorial\",\"title\":\"Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory\",\"themes\":[\"Technology\"],\"type\":\"Default\",\"tags\":[\"manned spaceflight\",\"rocket news\",\"russia\",\"science\",\"space\"],\"contextualTags\":{\"grapeshot\":[\"gb_safe\",\"gs_predicts_elegantlifestyles\",\"neg_russia\",\"neg_brand_safety_master\",\"neg_ha_honda-acura_jan24\",\"gb_safe_from_high_med\",\"neg_marriott\",\"neg_apple_brand_safety\",\"gs_predicts_travel\",\"hdm_persona_epicurean_explorer\",\"gs_predicts_tropicalvacations\",\"neg_hublotwatch\",\"gs_predicts_homeremodeling\",\"gs_travel\",\"plus_size\",\"response_check\",\"intl_neg_ubs_blockwords\",\"gs_predicts_autoshows\",\"neg_ha_jlr_jul22\",\"neg_ha_toyota_5-22-23\",\"pos_brandsaferolex\",\"neg_ubs\",\"neg_ha_set_060322\",\"neg_amazon\",\"gs_predicts_midautumnfestival\",\"gs_predicts_business_travel\",\"gl_english\",\"neg_ha_toyota_1-18-23\",\"neg_israel_negative\",\"neg_coronavirus\",\"gb_safe_from_high\",\"neg_ha_honda_oct22\",\"gs_science\",\"gs_predicts_homemechanic\",\"neg_paramount\",\"gv_safe\",\"intl_neg_tudor_3\",\"vancleef_contextual_master2\",\"gs_predicts_homeimprovement\",\"neg_ha_toyota-tda_jan23\",\"neg_ha_toyota_exclusion_5-11-22\",\"intl_neg_amazon22\",\"neg_mobkoi_brand_safety\",\"gs_predicts_trendingtelevision\",\"gs_science_space\",\"gs_predicts_travelingfortheholidays\"],\"verity\":{\"iab\":{\"v1\":[{\"id\":\"IAB20\",\"score\":0.95,\"category\":\"Travel\"}],\"v2\":[{\"id\":\"653\",\"score\":0.50927734,\"category\":\"Travel\"},{\"id\":\"669\",\"score\":0.95,\"parent\":{\"id\":\"664\",\"parent\":{\"id\":\"653\",\"category\":\"Travel\"},\"category\":\"Travel Type\"},\"category\":\"Rail Travel\"}],\"v3\":[{\"id\":\"669\",\"score\":0.95,\"parent\":{\"id\":\"664\",\"parent\":{\"id\":\"653\",\"category\":\"Travel\"},\"category\":\"Travel Type\"},\"category\":\"Rail Travel\"},{\"id\":\"653\",\"score\":0.50927734,\"category\":\"Travel\"}]},\"ner\":[{\"type\":\"location\",\"value\":\"russia\",\"sentimentScore\":0.045412745,\"sentimentValue\":\"neutral\"},{\"type\":\"location\",\"value\":\"space\",\"sentimentScore\":0.045412745,\"sentimentValue\":\"neutral\"},{\"type\":\"location\",\"value\":\"moscow\",\"sentimentScore\":0.010088399,\"sentimentValue\":\"neutral\"},{\"type\":\"location\",\"value\":\"tomilino\",\"sentimentScore\":-0.13051748,\"sentimentValue\":\"neutral\"},{\"type\":\"organization\",\"value\":\"russian\",\"sentimentScore\":0.4744493,\"sentimentValue\":\"positive\"},{\"type\":\"organization\",\"value\":\"zvezda\",\"sentimentScore\":0.15319912,\"sentimentValue\":\"neutral\"},{\"type\":\"organization\",\"value\":\"apogee\",\"sentimentScore\":0.045412745,\"sentimentValue\":\"neutral\"},{\"type\":\"organization\",\"value\":\"future explored\",\"sentimentScore\":0.045412745,\"sentimentValue\":\"neutral\"},{\"type\":\"organization\",\"value\":\"russianspaceweb.com\",\"sentimentScore\":0.045412745,\"sentimentValue\":\"neutral\"},{\"type\":\"person\",\"value\":\"anatoly zak\",\"sentimentScore\":0.045412745,\"sentimentValue\":\"neutral\"},{\"type\":\"person\",\"value\":\"yuri gagarin\",\"sentimentScore\":0.03491527,\"sentimentValue\":\"neutral\"}],\"safe\":true,\"events\":[],\"threats\":[],\"keywords\":[\"russian spacesuit factory\",\"step\",\"space exploration\",\"zvezda\",\"world\",\"tomilino\",\"catapult chair\",\"history\",\"company\",\"few workshop\",\"first cosmonaut\",\"aviation\",\"anatoly zak\",\"russia\",\"publisher\"],\"expiresAt\":\"2024-08-15T15:39:20.487Z\",\"sentiments\":[{\"score\":1,\"sentiment\":\"neutral\"},{\"score\":0,\"sentiment\":\"negative\"},{\"score\":0,\"sentiment\":\"positive\"}],\"processedAt\":\"2024-07-16T15:39:20.487Z\",\"languageCode\":\"en\"},\"contextIQ\":[\"cm_0124\",\"cm_0043\",\"i_653\",\"cm_0081\",\"cm_0066\",\"cm_0059\",\"i_664\",\"cm_0222\",\"i_669\",\"cm_0180\"]},\"canonicalUrl\":\"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/\",\"modifiedDate\":{\"year\":\"2013\",\"month\":\"10\",\"day\":\"21\",\"hour\":\"17\",\"minute\":\"00\"},\"publishDate\":{\"year\":\"2013\",\"month\":\"10\",\"day\":\"21\",\"hour\":\"17\",\"minute\":\"00\"},\"id\":\"popularmechanics.listicle.1317\",\"display\":\"listicle\",\"template\":\"listicle\",\"hideAffiliates\":false,\"metadata\":{\"hideWatchNextPlayer\":false},\"noAffiliateUrl\":false,\"section\":{\"name\":\"Space\",\"prefix\":\"space\"},\"subSection\":{\"name\":\"Rockets\",\"prefix\":\"rockets\"}},\"commerce\":{\"flags\":{\"article\":{\"auto_social\":2,\"hide_brands\":null,\"hide_vendors\":null,\"hide_from_homepage\":null,\"syndication_rights\":\"0\",\"hide_affiliate_disclaimer\":null},\"subsection\":{},\"section\":{\"show_editor_bios\":1},\"site\":{\"commerce.magento.affiliate.enabled\":true,\"commerce.vader.render-afflinks-redirect\":false,\"commerce.self-hosted.affiliate.render-afflinks-redirect\":true,\"custom-feeds.sponsorship\":false,\"fre.commerce.affiliate.trackonomics\":true,\"fre.commerce.block-affiliate-tags\":false,\"fre.commerce.use-affiliate_url\":true,\"fre.enable-sponsored-content-to-content\":false,\"self-hosted.affiliate.enabled\":true}},\"cons\":\"Cons\",\"pros\":\"Pros\",\"affiliate\":{\"url\":\"https://assets.hearstapps.com/commerce/release/affiliate-bundle.master.js\",\"amazon\":{\"market\":\"HMG-US\",\"default\":{\"sem\":\"pop-lift-20\",\"tag\":\"popularmechanics_auto-append-20\",\"icxId\":\"10060\",\"social\":\"pop-soc-lift-20\"}},\"skimlinks\":{\"market\":\"HMG-US\",\"default\":{\"url\":\"//s.skimresources.com/js/74968X1525083.skimlinks.js\"}},\"trackonomics\":{\"cipd2\":\"pop\"}},\"hasProduct\":false},\"contentId\":\"c06df8c3-a86c-4807-8add-360cf1f248e3\",\"site\":{\"cds-paywall\":true,\"icxSiteId\":\"10060\",\"jam-journey-enabled\":true,\"jam-journey-modals-enabled\":true,\"jam-journey-meters-enabled\":true,\"jam-journey-registration-modals-enabled\":false,\"name\":\"Popular Mechanics\",\"new-nav\":true,\"piano-paywall\":false,\"prefix\":\"popular mechanics\",\"sso\":true,\"video\":{\"gaVideoDiagTracking\":\"false\",\"gaVideoBrandName\":\"Popular Mechanics\",\"icxVideoDomainId\":\"7214\"}},\"flags\":{\"fre.content.enable-privacy-disclaimer\":1,\"fre.commerce.use-list-price-strikethrough\":1,\"video.watch-next-in-body-listicle\":1,\"retailer.site.specific-ecpc\":1,\"enable-watch-more-recirc-button\":1,\"commerce.vader.tentpole-flush-cache-cron\":1,\"enable-listicle-toc\":1,\"content-editor.table-of-contents.sticky\":1,\"commerce.self-hosted.affiliate.render-afflinks-redirect\":1,\"seo.display-publish-date-timezone-all\":1,\"commerce.vader.enable-amazon-aggregates\":1,\"fre.jam-journey.enable-billboard\":1,\"product.content-product.smarter-swap\":1,\"vader.commerce.use-afflinks_link\":1,\"seo.block-meta-ai-crawler\":1,\"content-editor.content-body.preview-blocker\":1,\"fre.commerce.simplified-psv\":1,\"custom-feeds.media-modal-search-tab\":1,\"custom-feeds.getty-collection-images\":1,\"custom-feeds.composite-image-block\":1,\"custom-feeds.text-block\":1,\"custom-feeds.image-block\":1,\"fre.jam-journey.enable-top-slim-banner\":1,\"fre.enable-author-flyout\":1,\"enable-microsoft-quick-auth\":1,\"content-editor.enable-repositioned-disclaimer\":1,\"search.fre.display-top-navigation\":1,\"fre.font-fallbacks\":1,\"content-editor.enable-custom-header\":1,\"fre.enable-userinfo-auth-route\":1,\"enable-google-one-tap\":1,\"syndy.hreflang.version_of_all_locales\":1,\"video.use-video-player-two\":1,\"fre.location-choice.display-generic-title\":1,\"content-editor.toggles.paywall\":1,\"product.content-product.couponing\":1,\"fre.render-dek-on-search-page\":1,\"fre.enable-query-split\":1,\"enable-top-touts\":1,\"fre.next-ad-placements\":1,\"product.content-product.smart-swap.out-of-stock.service-api\":1,\"product.draft.enabled\":1,\"fre.enable-my-stuff\":1,\"fre.enable-my-stuff-tooltip\":1,\"fre.seogra.breadcrumbs\":1,\"fre.seogra.breadcrumbs-with-collections\":1,\"seo.syndicated-content.no-noindex\":1,\"content-editor.key-features-product-specs\":1,\"commerce.reordering.enable\":1,\"product.badging.automate-sale-badging-organic\":1,\"fre.commerce.product-summary-view\":1,\"commerce.magento.affiliate.enabled\":1,\"fre.commerce.affiliate.trackonomics\":1,\"product.badging.automate-sale-badging\":1,\"fre.commerce.use-affiliate_url\":1,\"self-hosted.affiliate.enabled\":1,\"fre.products.gallery.new-product-styling\":1,\"content-editor.gallery.multi-retailer.enabled\":1,\"custom-feeds.curated-products.4-across\":1,\"fre.jam-journey.enable-modals\":1,\"fre.jam-journey.enable-meters\":1,\"fre.jam-journey.enable-email-captures\":1,\"fre.enable-jam-journey\":1,\"paywall.schema\":1,\"custom-feeds.default-blocks\":1,\"product.content-product.smart-swap.out-of-stock\":1,\"content-editor.1x1-lead-image-crop\":1,\"fre.use-onetrust\":1,\"concorde.fre.autocomplete\":1,\"fre.cds.enable-paywall\":1,\"fre.do-not-sell-link\":1,\"fre.piano.enable-templates\":1,\"search.consumer-api.enable-concorde\":1,\"new-nav\":1,\"spotim\":1,\"self-hosted-ads\":1,\"enable-sso\":1,\"hide-content-tags-in-seo-related-links\":1,\"gallery-display-type-timeline\":1,\"gallery-display-type-event-roundup\":1,\"gallery-display-type-custom\":1,\"gallery-display-type-product-roundup\":1,\"video.watch-next-in-body\":1,\"content-editor.toggles.hide-affiliate-disclaimer\":1,\"product.schema.single-product\":1,\"mason-custom-feeds\":1,\"product-links-enabled\":1,\"gallery-1x1-mobile-lede-crops\":1,\"show-updated-timestamp\":1,\"video.sticky-player-lead\":1,\"video.sticky-player-mobile\":1,\"mobile-adhesion-unit\":1,\"new-tablet-gallery\":1,\"author-bios\":1,\"cover-stories\":1,\"video.sticky-player\":1,\"video.enable-glimmer\":1,\"custom-promo-lead-videos\":1,\"display-search\":1,\"content-editor.automotive-tags.enabled\":1,\"recirculation.end-of-content\":1,\"top-pathing.content\":1,\"top-pathing\":1},\"metadata\":{\"contentId\":\"c06df8c3-a86c-4807-8add-360cf1f248e3\",\"keywords\":\"space,cosmonaut,russia,Manned Space Flight,space suits\",\"ogTitle\":\"Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory\",\"hreflangCount\":0},\"adConfig\":{\"bu\":\"HDM\",\"site\":\"popularmechanics\",\"zone\":\"/36117602/hdm-popularmechanics/\",\"bidders\":{\"IX\":{\"d\":{\"ga\":\"670278\",\"gb\":\"670282\",\"la\":\"670277\",\"lb\":\"670283\",\"brk\":\"670280\",\"garb\":\"670279\",\"brkrr\":\"670281\"},\"m\":{\"ga\":\"670284\",\"gb\":\"670285\",\"lb\":\"670287\",\"adh\":\"670288\",\"brk\":\"670286\"},\"v\":\"942443\"},\"APN\":{\"d\":{\"ga\":\"10583173\",\"gb\":\"10583174\",\"la\":\"10583175\",\"lb\":\"10583176\",\"brk\":\"14483476\",\"garb\":\"14355616\",\"brkrr\":\"14483475\"},\"m\":{\"ga\":\"10583181\",\"gb\":\"10583183\",\"lb\":\"10583184\",\"adh\":\"16121061\",\"brk\":\"14665711\"},\"v\":\"14741856\"},\"KAR\":{\"m\":{\"gb\":\"_i4hz9fRkrY\",\"lb\":\"_i5YWceu6P7\",\"adh\":\"_sfKO1a02wC\",\"gabrk\":\"_jK5-pqaWssg\"},\"v\":\"_yfkIuduIfH\"},\"MAG\":{\"d\":{\"ga\":\"2040688\",\"gb\":\"2040698\",\"la\":\"2040686\",\"lb\":\"2040700\",\"brk\":\"2040692\",\"garb\":\"2040690\",\"brkrr\":\"2040696\"},\"m\":{\"ga\":\"2040702\",\"gb\":\"2040704\",\"lb\":\"2040708\",\"adh\":\"2040710\",\"brk\":\"2040706\"},\"v\":\"2731522\",\"siteId\":\"369890\",\"accountId\":\"11636\"},\"TDS\":{\"d\":{\"tdsArt\":\"112044\",\"tdsBrk\":\"112043\"},\"m\":{\"tdsArt\":\"112043\"},\"pageId\":\"103520\",\"pageIdDesktop300\":\"113871\"},\"TPL\":{\"d\":{\"ga\":\"popularmechanics_templated_300x400_atf_PB\",\"gb\":\"popularmechanics_templated_300x400_btf_PB\",\"lb\":\"popularmechanics_970x250_btf_PB\",\"brkrr\":\"popularmechanics_templated_300x400_breaker_PB\",\"la728\":\"popularmechanics_728x90_HDX_PB\",\"la970\":\"popularmechanics_970x250_PB\"},\"m\":{\"ga\":\"popularmechanics_templated_300x250_flex_atf_m_PB\",\"lb\":\"popularmechanics_templated_300x250_flex_btf_m_PB\",\"adh\":\"PopularMechanics_320x50_HDX_PB\",\"brk\":\"popularmechanics_templated_300x250_flex_breaker_m_PB\"}},\"TTD\":{\"d\":{\"ttd\":\"desktop\"},\"m\":{\"ttd\":\"mobile\"},\"v\":\"video\",\"siteId\":\"hdm-popularmechanics\",\"supplySourceId\":\"hearstmagazines\"},\"AMZN\":\"3049\",\"APNhdmuk\":{\"d\":{\"ga\":\"23459041\",\"gb\":\"23459042\",\"la\":\"23459043\",\"lb\":\"23459044\",\"brk\":\"23459048\",\"brkrr\":\"23459049\"},\"m\":{\"ga\":\"23459045\",\"gb\":\"23459046\",\"lb\":\"23459047\",\"brk\":\"23459050\"},\"v\":\"23459051\"}},\"modules\":{\"ias\":{\"pubId\":\"931694\"},\"sst\":{\"server\":\"www-sst.popularmechanics.com\"},\"meta\":{\"id\":\"690796760981964\",\"cur\":\"USD\"},\"optable\":{\"slug\":\"prod-popularmechanics-com\",\"geoWhitelist\":[\"US\"]},\"parsely\":{\"siteId\":\"popularmechanics.com\"},\"actionIQ\":{\"writeKey\":\"mediaos-popularmechanics-prod\",\"cnameRecord\":\"https://aiq-in.popularmechanics.com\",\"geoWhitelist\":[\"US\"]},\"comscore\":{\"c2\":6035258},\"oneTrust\":{\"doNotSellUrlOverride\":\"/about/a42158909/do-not-sell-my-personal-information/\"},\"sailthru\":{\"ids\":{\"production\":\"e36a7774743e8dedc27b5cc8d4241a95\"}},\"truedata\":{\"ep\":\"td.popularmechanics.com\",\"cid\":\"10458\",\"scid\":\"115\"},\"permutive\":{\"apiKey\":\"7d237500-e85c-4846-9eb8-5635df7b050c\",\"locale\":\"US\",\"currency\":\"USD\",\"workspaceId\":\"eb036676-52ea-47b5-a2f6-fcfb4ece9c00\",\"geoWhitelist\":\"US\"},\"optimizely\":{\"webSnippetId\":\"21018620252\",\"webSnippetKey\":\"us_popularmechanics\"},\"trueAnthem\":\"hearst\",\"blockthrough\":{\"id\":\"6316821519007744\"},\"brandMetrics\":{\"siteId\":\"popularmechanics.com\",\"accountId\":\"a6a45799-d06f-4cce-9dd7-4a947f7e7816\"},\"googleAnalytics\":{\"measurementId\":\"G-FB55WFVWBS\"}},\"adBundle\":[],\"settings\":{\"mgu\":1,\"mobileStickyAds\":true,\"enableVerityTags\":true},\"siteList\":[\"www.popularmechanics.com\"]},\"viewability\":{\"/36117602/hdm-popularmechanics/space/breaker|m\":60},\"abTestingFullStack\":[],\"app\":{\"fontFallbacks\":[\"FreightSansW01\",\"Inter\",\"UnitedSans\",\"SimplonMono\",\"Charter\",\"Placard\"]}}"),window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("HRST"));</script><script id="__NEXT_DATA__" type="application/json">{"props":{"pageProps":{"data":{"content":[{"section":{"title":"Space","slug":"space","metadata":{"show_editor_bios":1},"media":[{"croppedPreviewImage":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/vidthumb/images/2024-popmech-products-christmaslights-ep01-jc-v01-thumb-6723c1fd9327e.jpg?crop=1xw:0.8435812837432514xh;center,top","media_type":"playlist","metadata":{"videoEmbedId":"cdd5bff5-44a5-427e-b2bf-ebaa588370c6","options":{}},"title":"Popular Mechanics All Sections"}]},"subsection":{"title":"Rockets","slug":"rockets","metadata":{},"content":[{"id":"3eba0cb4-8549-4325-80be-22b91e63f1d0","section":{"slug":"space"},"subsection":{"slug":"rockets"},"media":[{"role":2},{"image_id":"e624195e-1058-4bf5-af51-1f97c58bf51f","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/japanese-hellcat-wreck-solomon-islands-royalty-free-image-1725541499.jpg","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1412,"role":12,"pathname":"/images/japanese-hellcat-wreck-solomon-islands-royalty-free-image-1725541499.jpg","media_type":"image","width":2127,"metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"0.665xw:1.00xh;0.168xw,0","2x1":"0.881xw:0.664xh;0,0.304xh","3x1":"1xw:0.50212xh;center,top","4x3":"0.88513xw:1xh;center,top","4x6":"0.44256xw:1xh;center,top","5x1":"1xw:0.30127xh;center,top","6x4":"0.99577xw:1xh;center,top","8x1":"1xw:0.1883xh;center,top","10x2":"1xw:0.30127xh;center,top","10x3":"1xw:0.45191xh;center,top","10x5":"1xw:0.75319xh;center,top","16x9":"1xw:0.84734xh;center,top","8x10":"0.53108xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.37341xw:1xh;center,top","18x11":"1xw:0.92056xh;center,top"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Japanese Hellcat Wreck, Solomon Islands","seo_meta_description":"japanese hellcat wreck, solomon islands"},"source":{}}],"slug":"ariane5-rocket-debris-snorkeling","display_type":{"title":"Standard Article"},"display_id":62058449,"metadata":{"dek":"\u003cp\u003eYou’re taking a close look at some tropical fish, and then suddenly … space debris.\u003c/p\u003e","short_title":"Snorkeler Finds Huge Rocket Panel on Remote Island","index_title":"A Snorkeler Went on a Routine Excursion—and Stumbled Upon a Hidden Chunk of Rocket","social_dek":"\u003cp\u003eYou’re taking a close look at some tropical fish, and then suddenly … space debris.\u003c/p\u003e","editor_attribution":"By","sponsor":{}}},{"id":"20e8dce4-e3d9-493f-b29f-51d9e094e91e","section":{"slug":"space"},"subsection":{"slug":"rockets"},"media":[{"role":2},{"image_id":"e253fbc8-8285-429a-aabe-9dc97beb8828","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/spacexs-starship-spacecraft-and-super-heavy-rocket-explodes-news-photo-1725483126.jpg","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1369,"role":12,"pathname":"/images/spacexs-starship-spacecraft-and-super-heavy-rocket-explodes-news-photo-1725483126.jpg","media_type":"image","width":1755,"metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"0.601xw:0.772xh;0.173xw,0.144xh","2x1":"1.00xw:0.643xh;0,0.230xh","3x1":"1xw:0.42732xh;center,top","4x3":"1xw:0.96147xh;center,top","4x6":"0.52004xw:1xh;center,top","5x1":"1xw:0.25639xh;center,top","6x4":"1xw:0.85464xh;center,top","8x1":"1xw:0.16024xh;center,top","10x2":"1xw:0.25639xh;center,top","10x3":"1xw:0.38459xh;center,top","10x5":"1xw:0.64098xh;center,top","16x9":"1xw:0.7211xh;center,top","8x10":"0.62405xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.43878xw:1xh;center,top","18x11":"1xw:0.78342xh;center,top"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"SpaceX's Starship spacecraft and Super Heavy rocket","seo_meta_description":"spacex's starship spacecraft and super heavy rocket"},"source":{}}],"slug":"starship-explosion-ionosphere","display_type":{"title":"Standard Article"},"display_id":62047078,"metadata":{"dek":"\u003cp\u003eWe learned something, though.\u003c/p\u003e","short_title":"Starship Explosion Blew Open the Ionosphere","index_title":"Whoopsie, SpaceX Blew Up Two Rockets and Punched a Massive Hole in One of Earth's Layers","social_dek":"\u003cp\u003eWe learned something, though.\u003c/p\u003e","editor_attribution":"By","sponsor":{}}},{"id":"ec74339d-459b-4051-9e2f-9933535ce554","section":{"slug":"space"},"subsection":{"slug":"rockets"},"media":[{"role":2},{"image_id":"09be84a2-e30e-497e-b7c1-488fb315ccd5","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/red-laser-ray-royalty-free-image-1722456000.jpg","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1416,"role":12,"pathname":"/images/red-laser-ray-royalty-free-image-1722456000.jpg","media_type":"image","width":2125,"metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"0.670xw:1.00xh;0,0","2x1":"1.00xw:0.755xh;0,0.117xh","3x1":"1xw:0.50024xh;center,top","4x3":"0.88847xw:1xh;center,top","4x6":"0.44424xw:1xh;center,top","5x1":"1xw:0.30014xh;center,top","6x4":"0.99953xw:1xh;center,top","8x1":"1xw:0.18759xh;center,top","10x2":"1xw:0.30014xh;center,top","10x3":"1xw:0.45021xh;center,top","10x5":"1xw:0.75035xh;center,top","16x9":"1xw:0.84415xh;center,top","8x10":"0.53308xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.37482xw:1xh;center,top","18x11":"1xw:0.9171xh;center,top"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"gamma ray lasers","seo_meta_description":"red laser array"},"source":{}}],"slug":"gamma-ray-lasers","display_type":{"title":"Long Form Article"},"display_id":61755044,"metadata":{"dek":"\u003cp\u003eResearchers are finally getting close to solving “one of the most important problems in physics.”\u003c/p\u003e","short_title":"This Laser Could Unlock Interstellar Travel","index_title":"A World-Changing Gamma Ray Laser Is on the Horizon. It Could One Day Unlock Interstellar Travel","social_dek":"\u003cp\u003eResearchers are finally getting close to solving “one of the most important problems in physics.”\u003c/p\u003e","editor_attribution":"By","sponsor":{}}},{"id":"9a7dec47-11be-4f3d-a860-c98f782fe983","section":{"slug":"space"},"subsection":{"slug":"rockets"},"media":[{"role":2},{"image_id":"d5201d86-a866-4d87-bad1-337d081ed2ca","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/starship-ift2-ascent-66620c0a7fbf5.jpg","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":4000,"role":12,"pathname":"/images/starship-ift2-ascent-66620c0a7fbf5.jpg","media_type":"image","width":2000,"metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1.00xw:0.502xh;0,0.188xh","2x1":"1.00xw:0.251xh;0,0.227xh","3x1":"1xw:0.16666666666666666xh;center,top","4x3":"1xw:0.375xh;center,top","4x6":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","5x1":"1xw:0.1xh;center,top","6x4":"1xw:0.3333333333333333xh;center,top","8x1":"1xw:0.0625xh;center,top","10x2":"1xw:0.1xh;center,top","10x3":"1xw:0.15xh;center,top","10x5":"1xw:0.25xh;center,top","16x9":"1xw:0.28125xh;center,top","8x10":"1xw:0.625xh;center,top","9x16":"1xw:0.888888888888889xh;center,top","18x11":"1xw:0.3055555555555555xh;center,top"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_description":"starship"}}],"slug":"starship-test-flight","display_type":{"title":"Standard Article"},"display_id":61019322,"metadata":{"dek":"\u003cp\u003eFollowing several failed test flights, today’s successful launch is a major milestone for SpaceX.\u003c/p\u003e","short_title":"The World’s Biggest Rocket Just Got Closer to Mars","index_title":"The World’s Most Powerful Rocket Is One Step Closer to Mars","social_dek":"\u003cp\u003eFollowing several failed test flights, today’s successful launch is a major milestone for SpaceX.\u003c/p\u003e","editor_attribution":"By","sponsor":{}}},{"id":"6c465810-16f6-45af-976b-f12ba069ec28","section":{"slug":"space"},"subsection":{"slug":"rockets"},"media":[{"role":2},{"image_id":"2721be2d-e5ef-41ea-aafb-a89a7bb10d19","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/planet-earth-from-outer-space-global-connected-with-royalty-free-image-1715351775.jpg","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1403,"role":12,"pathname":"/images/planet-earth-from-outer-space-global-connected-with-royalty-free-image-1715351775.jpg","media_type":"image","width":2143,"metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"0.657xw:1.00xh;0.173xw,0","2x1":"1.00xw:0.765xh;0,0.105xh","3x1":"1xw:0.50915xh;center,top","4x3":"0.87292xw:1xh;center,top","4x6":"0.43646xw:1xh;center,top","5x1":"1xw:0.30549xh;center,top","6x4":"0.98203xw:1xh;center,top","8x1":"1xw:0.19093xh;center,top","10x2":"1xw:0.30549xh;center,top","10x3":"1xw:0.45823xh;center,top","10x5":"1xw:0.76372xh;center,top","16x9":"1xw:0.85919xh;center,top","8x10":"0.52375xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.36826xw:1xh;center,top","18x11":"1xw:0.93344xh;center,top"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Planet Earth from outer space global connected with colorful light trails.","seo_meta_description":"planet earth from outer space global connected with colorful light trails"},"source":{}}],"slug":"warp-drive-within-known-physics","display_type":{"title":"Standard Article"},"display_id":60746821,"metadata":{"dek":"\u003cp\u003eThis theoretical model for space-time manipulation aligns with established laws. Imagine that.\u003c/p\u003e","short_title":"New Warp Drive Concept Is More Fact Than Fiction","index_title":"A New Study Reveals a Warp Drive That Actually Operates Within Known Physics","social_dek":"\u003cp\u003eThis theoretical model for space-time manipulation aligns with established laws. Imagine that.\u003c/p\u003e","editor_attribution":"By","sponsor":{}}},{"id":"97ab9e81-b99b-4490-9f8d-76e71bd7f11c","section":{"slug":"space"},"subsection":{"slug":"rockets"},"media":[{"role":2},{"image_id":"a8432ed1-a538-4706-8609-2eaf98e0d680","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/spaceship-blazes-its-way-through-space-with-royalty-free-illustration-1714676022.jpg","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":3000,"role":12,"pathname":"/images/spaceship-blazes-its-way-through-space-with-royalty-free-illustration-1714676022.jpg","media_type":"image","width":6000,"metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"0.5xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","3x1":"1xw:0.66667xh;center,top","4x3":"0.66667xw:1xh;center,top","4x6":"0.33333xw:1xh;center,top","5x1":"1xw:0.4xh;center,top","6x4":"0.75xw:1xh;center,top","8x1":"1xw:0.25xh;center,top","10x2":"1xw:0.4xh;center,top","10x3":"1xw:0.6xh;center,top","10x5":"1xw:1xh;center,top","16x9":"0.88889xw:1xh;center,top","8x10":"0.4xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.28125xw:1xh;center,top","18x11":"0.81818xw:1xh;center,top"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"A spaceship blazes its way through space with ion propulsion.","seo_meta_description":"a spaceship blazes its way through space with ion propulsion"},"source":{}}],"slug":"next-generation-ion-thruster-nasa","display_type":{"title":"Standard Article"},"display_id":60654632,"metadata":{"dek":"\u003cp\u003eScientists are on the brink of a propulsion breakthrough.\u003c/p\u003e","short_title":"NASA's Ion Thruster Could Spawn a Space Revolution","index_title":"A Remarkable New Thruster Could Achieve Escape Velocity—and Interplanetary Travel","social_dek":"\u003cp\u003eScientists are on the brink of a propulsion breakthrough.\u003c/p\u003e","editor_attribution":"By","sponsor":{}}},{"id":"0dd84149-5f89-4178-9454-8f323e07ebd8","section":{"slug":"space"},"subsection":{"slug":"rockets"},"media":[{"role":2},{"image_id":"0673d725-5b36-491e-90de-66dfb7cd2592","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/high-energy-particles-flow-through-a-tokamak-or-royalty-free-image-1714164529.jpg","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1459,"role":12,"pathname":"/images/high-energy-particles-flow-through-a-tokamak-or-royalty-free-image-1714164529.jpg","media_type":"image","width":2060,"metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"0.710xw:1.00xh;0.146xw,0","2x1":"1.00xw:0.708xh;0,0.113xh","3x1":"1xw:0.47064xh;center,top","4x3":"0.94434xw:1xh;center,top","4x6":"0.47217xw:1xh;center,top","5x1":"1xw:0.28239xh;center,top","6x4":"1xw:0.94128xh;center,top","8x1":"1xw:0.17649xh;center,top","10x2":"1xw:0.28239xh;center,top","10x3":"1xw:0.42358xh;center,top","10x5":"1xw:0.70596xh;center,top","16x9":"1xw:0.79421xh;center,top","8x10":"0.5666xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.39839xw:1xh;center,top","18x11":"1xw:0.86284xh;center,top"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"High Energy Particles Flow Through A Tokamak Or Doughnut-Shaped Device. Antigravity, Magnetic Field, Nuclear Fusion, Gravitational Waves And Spacetime Concept","seo_meta_description":"high energy particles flow through a tokamak or doughnut shaped device antigravity, magnetic field, nuclear fusion, gravitational waves and spacetime concept"},"source":{}}],"slug":"overcome-earth-gravity","display_type":{"title":"Standard Article"},"display_id":60608517,"metadata":{"dek":"\u003cp\u003eThis new propulsion system could rewrite the rules of spaceflight—not to mention completely defy conventional physics.\u003c/p\u003e","short_title":"An Engineer Says He’s Overcome Earth’s Gravity","index_title":"An Engineer Says He’s Found a Way to Overcome Earth’s Gravity","social_dek":"\u003cp\u003eThis new propulsion system could rewrite the rules of spaceflight—not to mention completely defy conventional physics.\u003c/p\u003e","editor_attribution":"By","sponsor":{}}},{"id":"3448da26-0fdb-453a-9d07-c71dec4eff33","section":{"slug":"space"},"subsection":{"slug":"rockets"},"media":[{"role":2},{"image_id":"e0a726ca-7dd7-47d8-a5d6-3ad6b0f014a7","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/time-warp-traveling-at-the-speed-of-light-with-the-royalty-free-image-1713549675.jpg","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1416,"role":12,"pathname":"/images/time-warp-traveling-at-the-speed-of-light-with-the-royalty-free-image-1713549675.jpg","media_type":"image","width":2125,"metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"0.668xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","2x1":"1.00xw:0.752xh;0,0.108xh","3x1":"1xw:0.50024xh;center,top","4x3":"0.88847xw:1xh;center,top","4x6":"0.44424xw:1xh;center,top","5x1":"1xw:0.30014xh;center,top","6x4":"0.99953xw:1xh;center,top","8x1":"1xw:0.18759xh;center,top","10x2":"1xw:0.30014xh;center,top","10x3":"1xw:0.45021xh;center,top","10x5":"1xw:0.75035xh;center,top","16x9":"1xw:0.84415xh;center,top","8x10":"0.53308xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.37482xw:1xh;center,top","18x11":"1xw:0.9171xh;center,top"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Time warp, traveling at the speed of light with the colorful starburst.","seo_meta_description":"time warp, traveling at the speed of light with the colorful starburst"},"source":{}}],"slug":"warp-factory-warp-drive","display_type":{"title":"Standard Article"},"display_id":60516917,"metadata":{"dek":"\u003cp\u003eA crucial development is propelling engineers toward faster-than-light travel.\u003c/p\u003e","short_title":" Scientists Get Serious in Search for Warp Drive","index_title":" Scientists Get Serious in the Search for a Working Warp Drive","social_dek":"\u003cp\u003eA crucial development is propelling engineers toward faster-than-light travel.\u003c/p\u003e","editor_attribution":"By","sponsor":{}}},{"id":"521ca530-cf05-4a43-8635-926481727ec6","section":{"slug":"space"},"subsection":{"slug":"rockets"},"media":[{"role":2},{"image_id":"17234b88-d440-4313-bd72-c105e3224095","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/lro-crater-image-655be3a799fbc.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":760,"role":12,"pathname":"/images/lro-crater-image-655be3a799fbc.png","media_type":"image","width":760,"metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1.00xw:1.00xh;0,0","2x1":"1.00xw:0.502xh;0,0.232xh","3x1":"1xw:0.33333333333333337xh;center,top","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.6666666666666667xw:1xh;center,top","5x1":"1xw:0.2xh;center,top","6x4":"1xw:0.6666666666666667xh;center,top","8x1":"1xw:0.125xh;center,top","10x2":"1xw:0.2xh;center,top","10x3":"1xw:0.3xh;center,top","10x5":"1xw:0.5xh;center,top","16x9":"1xw:0.5625xh;center,top","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.5625xw:1xh;center,top","18x11":"1xw:0.6111111111111112xh;center,top"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_description":"a close up of the moon"}}],"slug":"chinese-rocket-crashes-into-moon-with-mystery-object","display_type":{"title":"Standard Article"},"display_id":45894819,"metadata":{"dek":"\u003cp\u003eChinese officials say it didn’t happen. U.S. scientists have the data.\u003c/p\u003e","short_title":"A Chinese Rocket Took an Unknown Item to the Moon","index_title":"A Chinese Rocket Crashed Into the Moon ... With a Mystery Object in Tow","social_dek":"\u003cp\u003eChinese officials say it didn’t happen. U.S. scientists have the data.\u003c/p\u003e","editor_attribution":"By","sponsor":{}}},{"id":"280d74c7-2628-429f-8e4b-29401e806e01","section":{"slug":"space"},"subsection":{"slug":"rockets"},"media":[{"role":2},{"image_id":"aedacd5e-5d29-4ec5-8d75-08dbf996e1e4","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/futuristic-nuclear-fission-energy-or-molecule-royalty-free-image-1700840831.jpg","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":4000,"role":12,"pathname":"/images/futuristic-nuclear-fission-energy-or-molecule-royalty-free-image-1700840831.jpg","media_type":"image","width":6000,"metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"0.670xw:1.00xh;0.165xw,0","2x1":"1.00xw:0.752xh;0,0.125xh","3x1":"1xw:0.5xh;center,top","4x3":"0.88889xw:1xh;center,top","4x6":"0.44444xw:1xh;center,top","5x1":"1xw:0.3xh;center,top","6x4":"1xw:1xh;center,top","8x1":"1xw:0.1875xh;center,top","10x2":"1xw:0.3xh;center,top","10x3":"1xw:0.45xh;center,top","10x5":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","16x9":"1xw:0.84375xh;center,top","8x10":"0.53333xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.375xw:1xh;center,top","18x11":"1xw:0.91667xh;center,top"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Futuristic nuclear fission , energy or molecule concept, 3D render","seo_meta_description":"futuristic nuclear fission , energy or molecule concept, 3d render"},"source":{}}],"slug":"us-military-launching-nuclear-reactor-into-space","display_type":{"title":"Standard Article"},"display_id":45807361,"metadata":{"dek":"\u003cp\u003eThe future of space travel looks a lot like fission power.\u003c/p\u003e","short_title":"The Pentagon Really Wants a Nuclear Spacecraft","index_title":"For the First Time Since '65, the U.S. Military Will Blast a Nuclear Reactor Into Space","social_dek":"\u003cp\u003eThe future of space travel looks a lot like fission power.\u003c/p\u003e","editor_attribution":"By","sponsor":{}}},{"id":"7df4f592-b87f-4817-b963-ce3d1e1833a4","section":{"slug":"space"},"subsection":{"slug":"rockets"},"media":[{"role":2},{"image_id":"ba757ee6-82c4-470f-a7f6-70289f41ef7c","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/f1ocolaayamytmt-64b59a9e63ac5.jpeg","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1500,"role":12,"pathname":"/images/f1ocolaayamytmt-64b59a9e63ac5.jpeg","media_type":"image","width":2000,"metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"0.752xw:1.00xh;0.125xw,0","2x1":"1.00xw:0.669xh;0,0.154xh","3x1":"1xw:0.4444444444444444xh;center,top","4x3":"1xw:1xh;center,top","4x6":"0.5xw:1xh;center,top","5x1":"1xw:0.26666666666666666xh;center,top","6x4":"1xw:0.8888888888888888xh;center,top","8x1":"1xw:0.16666666666666666xh;center,top","10x2":"1xw:0.26666666666666666xh;center,top","10x3":"1xw:0.4xh;center,top","10x5":"1xw:0.6666666666666666xh;center,top","16x9":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","8x10":"0.6xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.421875xw:1xh;center,top","18x11":"1xw:0.8148148148148148xh;center,top"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_description":"mysterious cylinder washes up on australian beach"}}],"slug":"mysterious-cylinder-washes-up-on-australian-beach-what-is-it","display_type":{"title":"Standard Article"},"display_id":44565677,"metadata":{"dek":"\u003cp\u003eAccording to experts, it’s mostly the remnants of a “fuel containment vessel” from an Indian rocket\u003c/p\u003e","short_title":"Cylinder on Australian Beach is Part of a Rocket ","index_title":"The Bizarre Cylinder That Washed Up on an Australian Beach is Actually a Piece of a Rocket","social_dek":"\u003cp\u003eAccording to experts, it’s mostly the remnants of a “fuel containment vessel” from an Indian rocket\u003c/p\u003e","editor_attribution":"By","sponsor":{}}},{"id":"db19e058-7351-4434-a4d3-abdc4f991cfd","section":{"slug":"space"},"subsection":{"slug":"rockets"},"media":[{"role":2},{"image_id":"b2d20235-b4d8-4169-9388-0a10bc19f057","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/ec98-44440-4-orig-649f4c1a7de61.jpeg","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":2430,"role":12,"pathname":"/images/ec98-44440-4-orig-649f4c1a7de61.jpeg","media_type":"image","width":3039,"metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"0.804xw:1.00xh;0.103xw,0","2x1":"1.00xw:0.631xh;0,0.178xh","3x1":"1xw:0.4168724279835391xh;center,top","4x3":"1xw:0.937962962962963xh;center,top","4x6":"0.5330700888450148xw:1xh;center,top","5x1":"1xw:0.25012345679012343xh;center,top","6x4":"1xw:0.8337448559670781xh;center,top","8x1":"1xw:0.15632716049382717xh;center,top","10x2":"1xw:0.25012345679012343xh;center,top","10x3":"1xw:0.3751851851851852xh;center,top","10x5":"1xw:0.6253086419753087xh;center,top","16x9":"1xw:0.7034722222222223xh;center,top","8x10":"0.6396841066140178xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.44977788746298125xw:1xh;center,top","18x11":"1xw:0.7642661179698217xh;center,top"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"why the aerospike engine is the future of rockets","seo_meta_description":"the nasa sr 71a successfully completed its first cold flow flight as part of the nasarocketdynelockheed martin linear aerospike sr 71 experiment lasre at nasa's dryden flight research center, edwards, california on march 4, 1998during a cold flow flight, gaseous helium and liquid nitrogen are cycled through the linear aerospike engine to check the engine's plumbing system for leaks and to check the engine operating characterisitics cold flow tests must be accomplished successfully before firing the rocket engine experiment in flightthe sr 71 took off at 1016 am pst the aircraft flew for one hour and fifty seven minutes, reaching a maximum speed of mach 158 before landing at edwards at 1213 pm pst\"i think all in all we had a good mission today,\" dryden lasre project manager dave lux saidflight crew member bob meyer agreed, saying the crew \"thought it was a really good flight\" dryden research pilot ed schneider piloted the sr 71 during the missionlockheed martin lasre project manager carl meade added, \"we are extremely pleased with today's results this will help pave the way for the first in flight engine data collection flight of the lasre\""}}],"slug":"aerospike-engine-is-the-future-of-spaceflight","display_type":{"title":"Long Form Article"},"display_id":44401725,"metadata":{"dek":"\u003cp\u003eThe innovative rocket engine could revolutionize spaceflight as we know it.\u003c/p\u003e","short_title":"Why the Aerospike Engine Is the Future of Rockets","index_title":"Why the Aerospike Engine Is the Future of Rocketry","social_dek":"\u003cp\u003eHow the innovative rocket tech could revolutionize space exploration.\u003c/p\u003e","editor_attribution":"By","sponsor":{}}}]},"ad_category":{"title":"Technology","prefix":"technology"},"tags_contextiq":["cm_0124","cm_0043","i_653","cm_0081","cm_0066","cm_0059","i_664","cm_0222","i_669","cm_0180"],"authors":[{"id":"c02215e9-fb24-4b88-bcfc-07decb7da983","profile":{"display_name":"Anatoly Zak","photo":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/rover/profile_photos/dc7fbbcb-8d66-410e-838c-24920a9e5ca9_1509754896.jpg","slug":"anatoly-zak","legacy_id":7726,"bio":"Anatoly Zak is a publisher of RussianSpaceWeb.com and the author of \"Russia in Space: the Past Explained, the Future Explored.\"","job_title":"","twitter_username":"","facebook_username":"","instagram_username":"","pinterest_username":"","public_email":"unknown@hearst.com"},"person":{"title":"","suffix":""}}],"categories":[{"title":"Technology"}],"display_id":13278810,"editorial_source":{"title":"Hearst Editorial"},"id":"c06df8c3-a86c-4807-8add-360cf1f248e3","media":[{"id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","role":2,"media_type":"image","media_id":"50d2d494-6db1-44b1-84cb-111018d12ec8","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh","3x1":"1.00xw:0.334xh;0,0.324xh","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.667xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","5x1":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.395xh","6x4":"1.00xw:0.668xh;0,0.144xh","8x1":"0.667xw:0.0830xh;0.154xw,0.498xh","10x2":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.391xh","10x3":"1.00xw:0.301xh;0,0.346xh","10x5":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.234xh","16x9":"1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.564xw:1.00xh;0.219xw,0","18x11":"1.00xw:0.612xh;0,0.173xh"}},"image_metadata":{},"photographer":{},"image_id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","height":1080,"pathname":"/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","width":1080,"created_at":"2022-03-11T17:13:19.242918Z"},{"id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","role":3,"media_type":"image","media_id":"ce7e669f-a2fc-4369-bd53-532a2b20e277","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh","3x1":"1.00xw:0.334xh;0,0.324xh","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.667xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","5x1":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.395xh","6x4":"1.00xw:0.668xh;0,0.144xh","8x1":"0.667xw:0.0830xh;0.154xw,0.498xh","10x2":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.391xh","10x3":"1.00xw:0.301xh;0,0.346xh","10x5":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.234xh","16x9":"1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.564xw:1.00xh;0.219xw,0","18x11":"1.00xw:0.612xh;0,0.173xh"},"selected_crop":"2x1","lede_image_hide_social":"1"},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_description":"this image is not available","seo_meta_title":"Image No Longer Available"},"photographer":{"name":"Media Platforms Design Team"},"image_id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","height":1080,"pathname":"/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","width":1080,"created_at":"2022-03-11T17:13:10.470181Z"},{"role":12,"media_type":"image","metadata":{}}],"publish_source":{"title":"Popular Mechanics"},"originally_published_at":"2013-10-21T17:00:00Z","publish_from":"2013-10-21T17:00:00Z","updated_at":"2024-10-17T09:03:07.046021Z","slug":"step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory","legacy_id":-1317,"display_type":{"title":"Listicle","slug":"listicle"},"content_type":{"title":"Default"},"tags":[{"slug":"manned-spaceflight","title":"manned spaceflight"},{"slug":"rocket-news","title":"rocket news"},{"slug":"russia","title":"russia"},{"slug":"science","title":"science"},{"slug":"space","title":"space"}],"metadata":{"auto_social":2,"dek":"PopMech travels to Tomilino, Russia, to a factory that has been building Russian spacesuits for 60-plus years.","social_dek":"PopMech travels to Tomilino, Russia, to a factory that has been building Russian spacesuits for 60-plus years.","short_title":"Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory","index_title":"Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory","introductory_text":"PopMech travels to Tomilino, Russia, to a factory that has been building Russian spacesuits for 60-plus years.","social_title":"Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory","seo_meta_description":"PopMech travels to Tomilino, Russia, to a factory that has been building Russian spacesuits for 60-plus years.","seo_meta_keywords":"space,cosmonaut,russia,Manned Space Flight,space suits","seo_meta_title":"Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory","syndication_rights":"0","editor_attribution":"By","legacy_url":"/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/","slide_count":16,"header":{"title_layout":"3"},"commerce":{"enable_multi_retailer":1},"tags_verity_data":{"iab":{"v1":[{"id":"IAB20","score":0.95,"category":"Travel"}],"v2":[{"id":"653","score":0.50927734,"category":"Travel"},{"id":"669","score":0.95,"parent":{"id":"664","parent":{"id":"653","category":"Travel"},"category":"Travel Type"},"category":"Rail Travel"}],"v3":[{"id":"669","score":0.95,"parent":{"id":"664","parent":{"id":"653","category":"Travel"},"category":"Travel Type"},"category":"Rail Travel"},{"id":"653","score":0.50927734,"category":"Travel"}]},"ner":[{"type":"location","value":"russia","sentimentScore":0.045412745,"sentimentValue":"neutral"},{"type":"location","value":"space","sentimentScore":0.045412745,"sentimentValue":"neutral"},{"type":"location","value":"moscow","sentimentScore":0.010088399,"sentimentValue":"neutral"},{"type":"location","value":"tomilino","sentimentScore":-0.13051748,"sentimentValue":"neutral"},{"type":"organization","value":"russian","sentimentScore":0.4744493,"sentimentValue":"positive"},{"type":"organization","value":"zvezda","sentimentScore":0.15319912,"sentimentValue":"neutral"},{"type":"organization","value":"apogee","sentimentScore":0.045412745,"sentimentValue":"neutral"},{"type":"organization","value":"future explored","sentimentScore":0.045412745,"sentimentValue":"neutral"},{"type":"organization","value":"russianspaceweb.com","sentimentScore":0.045412745,"sentimentValue":"neutral"},{"type":"person","value":"anatoly zak","sentimentScore":0.045412745,"sentimentValue":"neutral"},{"type":"person","value":"yuri gagarin","sentimentScore":0.03491527,"sentimentValue":"neutral"}],"safe":true,"events":[],"threats":[],"keywords":["russian spacesuit factory","step","space exploration","zvezda","world","tomilino","catapult chair","history","company","few workshop","first cosmonaut","aviation","anatoly zak","russia","publisher"],"expiresAt":"2024-08-15T15:39:20.487Z","sentiments":[{"score":1,"sentiment":"neutral"},{"score":0,"sentiment":"negative"},{"score":0,"sentiment":"positive"}],"processedAt":"2024-07-16T15:39:20.487Z","languageCode":"en"},"tags_grapeshot":["gb_safe","gs_predicts_elegantlifestyles","neg_russia","neg_brand_safety_master","neg_ha_honda-acura_jan24","gb_safe_from_high_med","neg_marriott","neg_apple_brand_safety","gs_predicts_travel","hdm_persona_epicurean_explorer","gs_predicts_tropicalvacations","neg_hublotwatch","gs_predicts_homeremodeling","gs_travel","plus_size","response_check","intl_neg_ubs_blockwords","gs_predicts_autoshows","neg_ha_jlr_jul22","neg_ha_toyota_5-22-23","pos_brandsaferolex","neg_ubs","neg_ha_set_060322","neg_amazon","gs_predicts_midautumnfestival","gs_predicts_business_travel","gl_english","neg_ha_toyota_1-18-23","neg_israel_negative","neg_coronavirus","gb_safe_from_high","neg_ha_honda_oct22","gs_science","gs_predicts_homemechanic","neg_paramount","gv_safe","intl_neg_tudor_3","vancleef_contextual_master2","gs_predicts_homeimprovement","neg_ha_toyota-tda_jan23","neg_ha_toyota_exclusion_5-11-22","intl_neg_amazon22","neg_mobkoi_brand_safety","gs_predicts_trendingtelevision","gs_science_space","gs_predicts_travelingfortheholidays"]},"theme":{"fonts":{"primary":"FreightSansW01, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-serif","tertiary":"UnitedSans, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-serif","secondary":"Placard, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-serif","DekPrimary":"quarternary","BodyPrimary":"Charter, Georgia, Times, Serif","MenuPrimary":"primary","BodySanSerif":"Inter, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-serif","BodyTertiary":"CharterItalic, Georgia, Times, Serif","DekSecondary":"primary","LabelPrimary":"quarternary","TitlePrimary":"quarternary","AdTextPrimary":"Inter, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-serif","BodySecondary":"CharterBold, Georgia, Times, Serif","BylinePrimary":"quarternary","MenuSecondary":"primary","LabelSecondary":"primary","TitleSecondary":"primary","AdTextSecondary":"BylinePrimary","BylineSecondary":"primary","HeadlinePrimary":"quarternary","HeadlineSecondary":"tertiary","SubheadlinePrimary":"quarternary","SubheadlineSecondary":"primary","quarternary":"SimplonMono, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-serif","ButtonPrimary":"primary","HeadlineTertiary":"primary"},"radii":{"l":"1.875rem","m":"1.25rem","s":"0.9375rem","xl":"4.375rem","xs":"0.625rem","xxs":"0.3125rem","xxxs":"0.25rem"},"sizes":{"iconSize":{"l":"1.875rem","m":"1.5rem","s":"1.25rem","xl":"2.5rem","xs":"1.063rem","xxl":"3.125rem","xxs":"1rem","xxxl":"3.75rem","xxxs":"0.5rem","xxxxl":"4.6rem","xxxxxl":"5rem"},"navHeight":"3.375rem","primitive-0":"0rem","primitive-1":"0.0625rem","primitive-2":"0.125rem","primitive-4":"0.25rem","primitive-6":"0.375rem","primitive-8":"0.5rem","primitive-10":"0.625rem","primitive-11":"0.6875rem","primitive-12":"0.75rem","primitive-13":"0.8125rem","primitive-14":"0.875rem","primitive-15":"0.9375rem","primitive-16":"1rem","primitive-17":"1.0625rem","primitive-18":"1.125rem","primitive-19":"1.188rem","primitive-20":"1.25rem","primitive-22":"1.375rem","primitive-24":"1.5rem","primitive-28":"1.75rem","primitive-32":"2rem","primitive-36":"2.25rem","primitive-40":"2.5rem","primitive-44":"2.75rem","primitive-48":"3rem","primitive-52":"3.25rem","primitive-56":"3.5rem","primitive-60":"3.75rem","primitive-64":"4rem","primitive-72":"4.5rem","primitive-80":"5rem","primitive-96":"6rem","outlineOffset":{"outline-offset-m":"0.375rem","outline-offset-s":"0.25rem","outline-offset-lg":"0.5rem","outline-offset-xs":"0.125rem","outline-offset-xxs":"0.0625rem","outline-offset-none":"0"},"outlineWidths":{"outline-m":"0.3125rem","outline-s":"0.19rem","outline-lg":"0.625rem","outline-xs":"0.125rem","outline-xxs":"0.0625rem","outline-none":"0"},"primitive-112":"7rem","primitive-128":"8rem","primitive-160":"10rem","primitive-192":"12rem","primitive-224":"14rem","primitive-256":"16rem","primitive-320":"20rem","primitive-384":"24rem","primitive-448":"28rem","primitive-512":"32rem","primitive-640":"40rem","primitive-768":"48rem","primitive-1024":"64rem","primitive-1280":"80rem","primitive-1600":"100rem","primitive-1920":"120rem","maxContentWidth":"75rem","footer-network-logo":{"width":"192","height":"41"}},"space":{"l":"1.875rem","m":"1.25rem","s":"0.9375rem","xl":"4.375rem","xs":"0.625rem","xxs":"0.3125rem","xxxs":"0.25rem","center":"0 auto","contentWidth":"75rem","mobile-gutter":"0.938rem","tablet-gutter":"2.5rem","maxContentWidth":"75rem","maxContentWidthAd":"25rem","mobileOuterGutter":"0.938rem","tabletOuterGutter":"2.5rem"},"colors":{"red":"#AA0703","grey":"neutral-300","black":"#000000","white":"#ffffff","red-50":"#FEF2F2","sky-50":"#F0F9FF","yellow":"#F3B032","blue-50":"#EFF6FF","cyan-50":"#ECFEFF","gray-50":"#F9FAFB","lime-50":"#F7FEE7","pink-50":"#FDF2F8","red-100":"#FEE2E2","red-200":"#FECACA","red-300":"#FCA5A5","red-400":"#F87171","red-500":"#EF4444","red-600":"#DC2626","red-700":"#B91C1C","red-800":"#991B1B","red-900":"#7F1D1D","red-950":"#450A0A","rose-50":"#FFF1F2","sky-100":"#E0F2FE","sky-200":"#BAE6FD","sky-300":"#7DD3FC","sky-400":"#38BDF8","sky-500":"#0EA5E9","sky-600":"#0284C7","sky-700":"#0369A1","sky-800":"#075985","sky-900":"#0C4A6E","sky-950":"#082F49","teal-50":"#F0FDFA","zinc-50":"#FAFAFA","amber-50":"#FFFBEB","bg-error":"globalColorError","bg-legal":"greyLight","blue-100":"#DBEAFE","blue-200":"#BFDBFE","blue-300":"#93C5FD","blue-400":"#60A5FA","blue-500":"#3B82F6","blue-600":"#2563EB","blue-700":"#1D4ED8","blue-800":"#1E40AF","blue-900":"#1E3A8A","blue-950":"#172554","cyan-100":"#CFFAFE","cyan-200":"#A5F3FC","cyan-300":"#67E8F9","cyan-400":"#22D3EE","cyan-500":"#06B6D4","cyan-600":"#0891B2","cyan-700":"#0E7490","cyan-800":"#155E75","cyan-900":"#164E63","cyan-950":"#083344","fg-error":"globalColorError","gray-100":"#F3F4F6","gray-200":"#E5E7EB","gray-300":"#D1D5DB","gray-400":"#9CA3AF","gray-500":"#6B7280","gray-600":"#4B5563","gray-700":"#374151","gray-800":"#1F2937","gray-900":"#111827","gray-950":"#030712","green-50":"#F0FDF4","greyDark":"neutral-400","lime-100":"#ECFCCB","lime-200":"#D9F99D","lime-300":"#BEF264","lime-400":"#A3E635","lime-500":"#84CC16","lime-600":"#65A30D","lime-700":"#4D7C0F","lime-800":"#3F6212","lime-900":"#365314","lime-950":"#1A2E05","pink-100":"#FCE7F3","pink-200":"#FBCFE8","pink-300":"#F9A8D4","pink-400":"#F472B6","pink-500":"#EC4899","pink-600":"#DB2777","pink-700":"#BE185D","pink-800":"#9D174D","pink-900":"#831843","pink-950":"#500724","redLight":"#F0908E","rose-100":"#FFE4E6","rose-200":"#FECDD3","rose-300":"#FDA4AF","rose-400":"#FB7185","rose-500":"#F43F5E","rose-600":"#E11D48","rose-700":"#BE123C","rose-800":"#9F1239","rose-900":"#881337","rose-950":"#4C0519","slate-50":"#F8FAFC","stone-50":"#FAFAF9","teal-100":"#CCFBF1","teal-200":"#99F6E4","teal-300":"#5EEAD4","teal-400":"#2DD4BF","teal-500":"#14B8A6","teal-600":"#0D9488","teal-700":"#0F766E","teal-800":"#115E59","teal-900":"#134E4A","teal-950":"#042F2E","zinc-100":"#F4F4F5","zinc-200":"#E4E4E7","zinc-300":"#D4D4D8","zinc-400":"#A1A1AA","zinc-500":"#71717A","zinc-600":"#52525B","zinc-700":"#3F3F46","zinc-800":"#27272A","zinc-900":"#18181B","zinc-950":"#09090B","amber-100":"#FEF3C7","amber-200":"#FDE68A","amber-300":"#FCD34D","amber-400":"#FBBF24","amber-500":"#F59E0B","amber-600":"#D97706","amber-700":"#B45309","amber-800":"#92400E","amber-900":"#78350F","amber-950":"#431407","bg-avatar":"white","bg-rating":"globalColorRating","green-100":"#DCFCE7","green-200":"#BBF7D0","green-300":"#86EFAC","green-400":"#4ADE80","green-500":"#22C55E","green-600":"#16A34A","green-700":"#15803D","green-800":"#166534","green-900":"#14532D","green-950":"#052E16","greenDark":"#006603","greyLight":"neutral-200","greyXdark":"neutral-500","indigo-50":"#EEF2FF","orange-50":"#FFF7ED","purple-50":"#FAF5FF","slate-100":"#F1F5F9","slate-200":"#E2E8F0","slate-300":"#CBD5E1","slate-400":"#94A3B8","slate-500":"#64748B","slate-600":"#475569","slate-700":"#334155","slate-800":"#1E293B","slate-900":"#0F172A","slate-950":"#020617","stone-100":"#F5F5F4","stone-200":"#E7E5E4","stone-300":"#D6D3D1","stone-400":"#A8A29E","stone-500":"#78716C","stone-600":"#57534E","stone-700":"#44403C","stone-800":"#292524","stone-900":"#1C1917","stone-950":"#0C0A09","violet-50":"#F5F3FF","yellow-50":"#FEFCE8","emerald-50":"#ECFDF5","fuchsia-50":"#FDF4FF","greenLight":"#75C278","greyXXdark":"neutral-600","greyXlight":"neutral-100","indigo-100":"#E0E7FF","indigo-200":"#C7D2FE","indigo-300":"#A5B4FC","indigo-400":"#818CF8","indigo-500":"#6366F1","indigo-600":"#4F46E5","indigo-700":"#4338CA","indigo-800":"#3730A3","indigo-900":"#312E81","indigo-950":"#1E1B4B","neutral-50":"#FAFAFA","orange-100":"#FFEDD5","orange-200":"#FED7AA","orange-300":"#FDBA74","orange-400":"#FB923C","orange-500":"#F97316","orange-600":"#EA580C","orange-700":"#C2410C","orange-800":"#9A3412","orange-900":"#7C2D12","orange-950":"#431407","purple-100":"#F3E8FF","purple-200":"#E9D5FF","purple-300":"#D8B4FE","purple-400":"#C084FC","purple-500":"#A855F7","purple-600":"#9333EA","purple-700":"#7E22CE","purple-800":"#6B21A8","purple-900":"#581C87","purple-950":"#3B0764","text-error":"globalColorError","text-legal":"greyXXXdark","violet-100":"#EDE9FE","violet-200":"#DDD6FE","violet-300":"#C4B5FD","violet-400":"#A78BFA","violet-500":"#8B5CF6","violet-600":"#7C3AED","violet-700":"#6D28D9","violet-800":"#5B21B6","violet-900":"#4C1D95","violet-950":"#2E1065","yellow-100":"#FEF9C3","yellow-200":"#FEF08A","yellow-300":"#FDE047","yellow-400":"#FACC15","yellow-500":"#EAB308","yellow-600":"#CA8A04","yellow-700":"#A16207","yellow-800":"#854D0E","yellow-900":"#713F12","yellow-950":"#422006","bg-discount":"globalColorDiscount","emerald-100":"#D1FAE5","emerald-200":"#A7F3D0","emerald-300":"#6EE7B7","emerald-400":"#34D399","emerald-500":"#10B981","emerald-600":"#059669","emerald-700":"#047857","emerald-800":"#065F46","emerald-900":"#064E3B","emerald-950":"#022C22","fg-discount":"globalColorDiscount","footer-fill":"brandColorPrimary","fuchsia-100":"#FAE8FF","fuchsia-200":"#F5D0FE","fuchsia-300":"#F0ABFC","fuchsia-400":"#E879F9","fuchsia-500":"#D946EF","fuchsia-600":"#C026D3","fuchsia-700":"#A21CAF","fuchsia-800":"#86198F","fuchsia-900":"#701A75","fuchsia-950":"#4A044E","greyXXXdark":"neutral-800","neutral-100":"#F5F5F5","neutral-200":"#E5E5E5","neutral-300":"#D4D4D4","neutral-400":"#A3A3A3","neutral-500":"#737373","neutral-600":"#525252","neutral-700":"#404040","neutral-800":"#262626","neutral-900":"#171717","neutral-950":"#0A0A0A","text-avatar":"black","text-rating":"greyXXXdark","yellowLight":"#F9D187","bg-chip-base":"greyXlight","sidepanel-bg":"greyLight","footerbgColor":"white","text-discount":"globalColorDiscount","textFillColor":"brandColorPrimary","bg-chip-button":"black","bg-informative":"greyLight","sidepanel-text":"black","sponsor-bar-bg":"white","bg-avatar-hover":"black","bg-error-onDark":"globalColorError-OnDark","bg-legal-onDark":"greyXXXdark","fg-error-onDark":"globalColorError-OnDark","text-chip-label":"black","text-form-error":"globalColorError","text-form-label":"greyXXXdark","bg-rating-onDark":"globalColorRating-OnDark","globalColorError":"red","globalColorFocus":"black","globalColorLegal":"greyXXXdark","text-form-helper":"greyXdark","text-informative":"greyXXXdark","bg-color-poll-bar":"greyLight","bg-droppdown-list":"white","brandColorPrimary":"#1c6a65","breaker-ad-border":"greyLight","globalColorRating":"yellow","text-avatar-hover":"white","text-error-onDark":"globalColorError-OnDark","text-legal-onDark":"white","bg-block-big-story":"","bg-block-three-col":"","bg-discount-onDark":"globalColorDiscount-OnDark","fg-discount-onDark":"globalColorDiscount-OnDark","side-panel-menu-bg":"white","sidePanelLinkColor":"black","text-form-disabled":"greyDark","text-rating-onDark":"greyLight","footer-network-fill":"white","globalColorDiscount":"greenDark","text-droppdown-list":"black","bg-block-four-across":"","bg-chip-button-hover":"greyXdark","color-rating-default":"#F3B032","text-discount-onDark":"globalColorDiscount-OnDark","bg-block-content-text":"","bg-chip-base-disabled":"greyLight","bg-form-check-resting":"white","bg-form-input-resting":"white","bg-informative-onDark":"greyXXXdark","color-link-body-hover":"brandColorQuarternary","text-form-placeholder":"greyXXXdark","bg-form-check-disabled":"greyXlight","bg-form-check-selected":"black","bg-form-input-disabled":"greyXlight","bg-form-input-selected":"white","globalColorInformative":"greyXXXdark","side-panel-sub-menu-bg":"greyXlight","bg-block-big-story-feed":"","bg-droppdown-list-first":"greyLight","bg-droppdown-list-hover":"greyXlight","globalColorError-OnDark":"redLight","globalColorFocus-OnDark":"white","globalColorLegal-OnDark":"greyXlight","location-choice-menu-bg":"black","text-informative-onDark":"white","globalColorRating-OnDark":"yellowLight","nav-subscribe-link-focus":"black","sidePanelLinkColor-hover":"brandColorPrimary","text-chip-label-disabled":"greyDark","color-star-rating-default":"#F3B032","side-panel-sub-menu-focus":"black","side-panel-sub-menu-hover":"grey","text-droppdown-list-first":"black","text-droppdown-list-hover":"black","bg-block-content-big-story":"","bg-block-content-three-col":"","bg-color-do-not-sell-hover":"grey","globalColorDiscount-OnDark":"greenLight","bg-block-content-four-across":"","globalColorInformative-OnDark":"greyXlight","link-hover-item-title-primary":"brandColorQuarternary","saved-menu-panel-focus-link-bg":"greyXlight","bg-block-content-big-story-feed":"","link-hover-three-column-heading":"brandColorPrimary","bg-block-content-big-story-under":"","bg-block-content-big-story-noimage":"","bg-block-content-big-story-under-ad":"","bg-block-content-big-story-imageright":"","bg-block-content-big-story-noimage-ad":"","bg-block-content-big-story-imageright-ad":"","bg-block-content-big-story-feed-noimage-feature":"","bg-block-content-big-story-feed-stacked-feature":"","bg-block-content-big-story-feed-colright-feature":"","bg-block-content-big-story-feed-noimage-basefeed":"","bg-block-content-big-story-feed-stacked-basefeed":"","bg-block-content-big-story-feed-colright-basefeed":"","navLogoColor":"brandColorPrimary","brandColorSenary":"#ececec","brandColorQuinary":"#414141","brandColorTertiary":"#fef837","brandColorSecondary":"#f04e3e","brandColorSeptenary":"#f8f8f8","side-panel-menu-link":"black","brandColorQuarternary":"#595959","link-three-column-heading":"brandColorPrimary"},"styles":{"nav":{"bg":"greyLight","height":{"lg":"57px","\u003clg":"111px"},"fill":"black","color":"black","fontFamily":"ButtonPrimary"},"footer":{"variant":"menu-tertiary","color":"black","fontFamily":"LabelPrimary"},"body-h2":{"\u0026 em, i":{"fontStyle":"italic","fontFamily":"inherit"},"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-35","md":"font-size-31","\u003csm":"font-size-31"},"fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-xs","md":"lineheight-base","\u003csm":"lineheight-base"},"\u0026 b, strong":{"fontFamily":"inherit","fontWeight":"bold"},"fontWeight":"bold","outline":"none"},"body-h3":{"\u0026 em, i":{"fontStyle":"italic","fontFamily":"inherit"},"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-28","md":"font-size-24","\u003csm":"font-size-24"},"fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-xs","md":"lineheight-base","\u003csm":"lineheight-base"},"\u0026 b, strong":{"fontFamily":"inherit","fontWeight":"bold"},"fontWeight":"bold"},"body-h4":{"\u0026 em, i":{"fontStyle":"italic","fontFamily":"inherit"},"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-24","md":"font-size-20","\u003csm":"font-size-20"},"fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-xs","md":"lineheight-xs","\u003csm":"lineheight-xs"},"\u0026 b, strong":{"fontFamily":"inherit","fontWeight":"bold"},"fontWeight":"bold"},"body-ol":{"margin":{"_":"{s} 0 0 {xs}","md":"{s} 0"},"\u0026 em, i":{"fontStyle":"italic","fontFamily":"inherit"},"variant":"body-primary","\u0026 b, strong":{"fontFamily":"inherit","fontWeight":"bold"}},"body-ul":{"margin":{"_":"{s} 0 0 {xs}","md":"{s} 0"},"\u0026 em, i":{"fontStyle":"italic","fontFamily":"inherit"},"variant":"body-primary","\u0026 b, strong":{"fontFamily":"inherit","fontWeight":"bold"}},"by-line":{"pr":"xxs","variant":"byline-primary"},"nav-bar":{"m":"0 auto","px":"0","width":"100%","height":"100%","display":"flex","maxWidth":"75rem","alignItems":"center"},"nav-logo":{"width":{"md":"7.5rem","\u003csm":"5rem","\u003cxxs":"5.5em","xs:md":"7.5rem"},"height":{"md":"1.75rem","\u003cxxs":"1.2rem"},"marginRight":{"_":"auto","lg\u003e":"xxs"},"mb":"0.125rem"},"body-text":{"variant":"body-primary"},"error-text":{"variant":"small-specs-error-text-primary"},"dim-overlay":{"elevation":"sunken"},"do-not-sell":{"border":"border-xxs-black","padding":"xs","variant":"button-secondary","fontSize":"font-size-11","textAlign":{"md":"center","\u003csm":"left"},"lineHeight":"lineheight-lg","textTransform":"capitalize","fontFamily":"MenuPrimary"},"footer-logo":{"width":"8.5rem","maxHeight":"1.4375rem","fill":"black"},"form-select":{"variant":"overlay-item-text"},"sponsor-bar":{"variant":"ad-text-primary"},"by-line-name":{"pr":"xxs","variant":"byline-secondary","color":"brandColorQuinary"},"footer-fixed":{"bg":"greyXlight","boxShadow":"0 0 40px rgb(0 0 0, 0.2)"},"marquee-logo":{"img":{"width":"auto","height":{"lg":"auto"},"maxHeight":{"_":"5.625rem","lg":"8rem","md":"6.25rem","sm":"5.625rem","xlg":"9rem"},"transform":"translate3d(0,0,0)"},"textAlign":"center"},"nav-bar-link":{"variant":"button-secondary","fontFamily":"buttonPrimary"},"three-column":{"bg":"bg-block-three-col"},"affiliate-bar":{"variant":"","color":"greyXXXdark","fontSize":"font-size-14","borderTop":"border-xxs-grey","fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm","borderBottom":"border-xxs-grey"},"block-heading":{"variant":"headline-primary","bg":"white","\u0026 a":{"color":"black","\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorPrimary"}},"display":"inline","padding":"{0.3rem} {xs}","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-14","md":"font-size-14","\u003csm":"font-size-14"},"textAlign":"left","fontWeight":"100","textTransform":"uppercase"},"sponsor-label":{"mb":"xs","variant":"ad-text-primary","textTransform":"none"},"spotlight-hed":{"p":"0.6rem {m}","\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorPrimary","transition":"color 0.3s ease-in-out"},"variant":"subheadline-primary"},"404-error-link":{"variant":"body-primary"},"author-bio-bio":{"\u0026 p":{"margin":"0"},"variant":"body-secondary"},"list-item-link":{"fontFamily":"MenuPrimary"},"spotlight-logo":{"\u0026 img":{"height":"1.6rem"}},"404-error-title":{"variant":"headline-primary"},"author-bio-name":{"variant":"byline-primary"},"big-story-block":{"bg":"bg-block-big-story","background":{"lg":"repeating-linear-gradient( -45deg, #b3b3b3 3px, #b3b3b3 4.5px, #f8f8f8 0px, #f8f8f8 27px, #f8f8f8 0px)","md":"white","sm":"white"},"backgroundSize":{"lg":"12px 12px","md":"12px 12px","sm":"12px 12px"}},"breaker-ad-text":{"variant":"ad-text-primary","lineHeight":"lineheight-base","textTransform":"uppercase"},"custom-item-dek":{"variant":"dek-primary"},"feed-body-label":{"variant":"label-tag-primary"},"legal-menu-link":{"variant":"menu-secondary"},"marquee-content":{"width":{"smd":"34rem","xlg":"40rem"},"textAlign":"center"},"popover-trigger":{"border":"border-dropdown","variant":"dropdown-text-primary","background":"white"},"side-panel-menu":{"variant":"menu-primary"},"spotlight-label":{"variant":"label-primary"},"statement-block":{"paddingY":{"md":"{*sizes.primitive-32}","\u003csm":"{*sizes.primitive-32}"}},"video-hub-title":{"variant":"item-title-stacked-feature-big-story-feed"},"author-bio-label":{"color":"greyXdark","variant":"byline-primary","marginRight":"xxs"},"block-subheading":{"variant":"subheadline-primary"},"breadcrumbs-link":{"variant":"breadcrumbs-link-primary"},"breadcrumbs-list":{"variant":"breadcrumbs-primary"},"custom-item-meta":{"pr":"xxs"},"form-input-field":{"variant":"overlay-item-text","\u0026::placeholder":{"color":"greyXXXdark"}},"form-input-label":{"variant":"overlay-item-text"},"load-more-button":{"variant":"button-load-more-primary"},"nav-header-title":{"variant":"ad-text-primary"},"video-hub-byline":{"variant":"byline-primary"},"accordion-wrapper":{"borderBottom":"border-thin-grey"},"body-loop-caption":{"\u0026 em, i":{"fontStyle":"italic","fontFamily":"inherit"},"variant":"body-tertiary","color":"greyXXXdark","\u0026 strong":{"fontFamily":"inherit"}},"custom-item-image":{"mb":"xs","text-overflow":"ellipsis"},"custom-item-label":{"display":"inline-block","variant":"label-tag-primary"},"custom-item-title":{"my":"0","variant":"title-primary"},"footer-legal-menu":{"lineHeight":"lineheight-max"},"form-select-label":{"variant":"overlay-item-text"},"four-across-block":{"bg":"black"},"marquee-body-text":{"\u0026 p":{"margin":{"_":"0 auto {s}","xlg":"0 auto"}},"margin":"0 auto","padding":{"_":"0 {mobileOuterGutter}","md":"0 {tabletOuterGutter} {s}","xlg":"0 0 {l}"},"variant":"body-primary"},"nav-search-button":{"margin":"xxs","padding":{"sm":"xxs","\u003csm":"0"},"svg":{"fill":"black"},"span":{"color":"black","textTransform":"uppercase"}},"spotlight-details":{"m":{"_":"0 auto {s}","md":"0 auto {m}"},"px":{"_":"s","md":"xl"},"alignSelf":"flex-end","textAlign":"center","background":"transparent"},"body-image-caption":{"\u0026 em, i":{"fontStyle":"italic","fontFamily":"inherit"},"variant":"body-tertiary","color":"greyXXXdark","\u0026 strong":{"fontFamily":"inherit"}},"collapsible-header":{"variant":"label-header-primary","\u0026 strong":{"fontFamily":"inherit"}},"content-header-dek":{"mb":"xs","fontSize":{"md":"font-size-18","\u003csm":"font-size-15","lg":"font-size-20"},"fontFamily":"primary","fontWeight":"normal","lineHeight":{"md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm","lg":"lineheight-xxlg"},"a":{"textDecorationColor":"{*colors.brandColorPrimary}","textDecorationThickness":"0.125rem"},"color":"greyXXdark"},"dropdown-menu-item":{"border":"border-dropdown","\u0026:hover":{"bg":"bg-droppdown-list-hover"},"variant":"dropdown-text-primary","background":"bg-droppdown-list"},"feed-product-title":{"variant":"title-quinary"},"form-select-option":{"variant":"overlay-item-text"},"nav-bar-login-text":{"variant":"button-secondary"},"nav-subscribe-link":{"variant":"button-contained","\u0026:focus-visible":{"outlineColor":"nav-subscribe-link-focus"},"bg":"brandColorPrimary","fontFamily":"buttonPrimary","borderRadius":"0.125rem"},"newsletter-wrapper":{"backgroundImage":"url('/_assets/design-tokens/PR-143/1a74f8d/fre/static/images/marketing/bg-newsletter.jpg')"},"search-input-field":{"bg":"greyXlight","border":"none","height":"2.6rem","variant":"overlay-item-text","borderBottom":"border-thin-greyDark"},"wide-marquee-label":{"margin":"{xs} auto","variant":"label-tag-primary"},"wide-marquee-title":{"p":{"_":"{xs}","sm":"{s} {m}"},"bg":"white","display":{"_":"block","sm":"unset"},"variant":"headline-secondary"},"authors-bio-wrapper":{"borderTop":"border-thin-greyXXdark","marginTop":"l"},"checkbox-error-text":{"variant":"small-specs-error-text-primary"},"checkbox-label-text":{"variant":"overlay-item-text"},"collapsible-section":{"marginBottom":"0"},"feed-product-button":{"mb":"xs","variant":"button-primary"},"footer-fixed-button":{"variant":"button-text"},"form-input-required":{"color":"globalColorError","variant":"overlay-item-text"},"search-input-button":{"variant":"button-contained","marginTop":"0","marginLeft":"xxs"},"share-social-button":{"\u0026img":{"primary":"white"}},"side-panel-sub-menu":{"variant":"menu-primary"},"sidepanel-close-btn":{"border":"0"},"author-bio-job-title":{"variant":"byline-uppercase-primary","marginTop":"xs"},"author-bio-read-more":{"pb":"0.05rem","pt":"0.05rem","color":"black","\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorQuarternary","backgroundSize":"0 0"},"variant":"body-secondary","fontSize":"font-size-16","backgroundSize":"0 0","backgroundImage":"linear-gradient( to bottom, #F5F5F5, #F5F5F5)","backgroundRepeat":"repeat-x","backgroundPosition":"0 100%","textDecorationColor":"{*colors.brandColorPrimary}","textDecorationThickness":"0.125rem"},"big-story-feed-block":{"bg":"bg-block-big-story-feed"},"byline-enhanced-icon":{"primary":"greyXXdark"},"content-header-title":{"marginY":"s","variant":"headline-tertiary"},"footer-fixed-content":{"variant":"body-primary"},"footer-social-button":{"width":"iconSize.xs","height":"iconSize.xs","primary":"black"},"form-select-required":{"variant":"overlay-item-text"},"form-text-area-field":{"variant":"overlay-item-text"},"photo-credit-divider":{"pr":"xxs","variant":"byline-tertiary","color":"greyXdark"},"search-nav-container":{"div":{"border":"0","borderBottom":"border-none-transparent","\u0026:focus-within":{"outline":"0"},"bg":"greyLight"},"borderBottom":"border-xs-brand-primary","top":{"lg":"3rem","xxs:md":"4.3rem"}},"search-results-count":{"variant":"body-primary"},"skip-to-content-link":{"border":"border-medium-white","variant":"button-quaternary","boxShadow":"0 0 0 3px #55adff"},"syndicated-link-link":{"variant":"body-primary"},"syndicated-link-text":{"variant":"body-primary"},"text-block-container":{"p":"0 {s}","bg":"bg-block-content-text"},"wide-marquee-content":{"m":"0 auto","bottom":{"_":"0","sm":"10%"}},"account-dropdown-menu":{"border":"border-thin-greyXXXdark","boxShadow":"0 10px 16px -4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24)"},"byline-enhanced-label":{"mt":"xs","variant":"byline-secondary","color":"brandColorQuinary"},"nav-bar-top-list-item":{"padding":{"_":"0 {l} 0 {m}","lg\u003e":"0 {m} 0 {m}"},"variant":"menu-quaternary"},"nav-bar-top-list-link":{"color":{"_":"inherit","smd\u003e":"inherit"},"\u0026:hover":{"textDecoration":"underline","textUnderlineOffset":"0.25rem","textDecorationThickness":"0.0625rem"},"lineHeight":"2.58918","transition":"outline 0.3s ease-in-out, outline-offset 0.3s ease-in-out"},"nav-side-panel-button":{"\u0026 img":{"width":"iconSize.l","height":"iconSize.l"},"\u0026 svg":{"width":"iconSize.l","height":"iconSize.l","fill":"black","\u0026:hover":{"fill":"brandColorPrimary"}},"padding":{"md":"0.5rem {xs} 0.5rem {xs}","\u003cmd":"0.5rem {xxxs} 0.5rem {xs}","xxs":"0.5rem {xxxs} 0.5rem 0"}},"photo-credit-creditor":{"pr":"xxs","variant":"byline-tertiary","color":"greyXdark"},"popover-avatar-button":{"bg":"bg-avatar","color":"text-avatar","border":"border-avatar","variant":"dropdown-text-primary"},"account-dropdown-links":{"bg":"white","\u0026:hover":{"textDecoration":"underline","textUnderlineOffset":"0.25rem","textDecorationThickness":"0.0625rem"},"variant":"button-secondary","transition":"outline 0.3s ease-in-out, outline-offset 0.3s ease-in-out"},"custom-item-title-text":{"my":"0","variant":"title-primary"},"load-more-button-saved":{"variant":"button-load-more-primary"},"photo-credit-copyright":{"pr":"xxs","variant":"byline-tertiary","color":"greyXdark"},"popover-label-headline":{"variant":"dropdown-text-primary"},"search-input-container":{},"search-nav-button-icon":{"border":"0","\u0026:hover":{"border":"0"}},"search-nav-input-field":{"variant":"button-secondary"},"side-panel-search-text":{"color":"sidepanel-text","variant":"menu-primary"},"sponsor-logo-separator":{"p":"0 {xs} 0 {s}","color":"greyXXXdark","variant":"ad-text-primary"},"byline-enhanced-wrapper":{"span":{"display":"inherit"},"display":"flex","flexWrap":"wrap","marginTop":"0","alignItems":"center","justifyContent":"center"},"dropdown-label-headline":{"variant":"dropdown-text-primary"},"dropdown-menu-item-link":{"textTransform":"capitalize"},"feed-product-custom-tag":{"variant":"label-tag-primary"},"field-message-container":{"variant":"overlay-item-text"},"form-select-multi-value":{"p":"0.2rem","bg":"greyLight","marginY":"0","variant":"specs-item-primary"},"form-select-placeholder":{"p":"0","variant":"overlay-item-text","lineHeight":"lineheight-max"},"load-more-button-author":{"variant":"button-load-more-primary"},"vertical-playlist-title":{"display":"block","fontSize":"font-size-15","fontFamily":"LabelPrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-base","letterSpacing":"letter-spacing-6","textTransform":"uppercase"},"watch-next-player-title":{"variant":"headline-quaternary","p":"0 0 {xxxs}"},"wide-marquee-title-only":{"variant":"headline-secondary"},"breadcrumbs-link-section":{"variant":"breadcrumbs-link-primary"},"breadcrumbs-list-section":{"variant":"left-align-breadcrumb","marginTop":"-{m}","textAlign":"center","marginBottom":"m"},"collapsible-icon-wrapper":{"width":"iconSize.l","border":"border-thin-greyXdark","height":"iconSize.l","padding":"0.4rem","marginRight":"xs","borderRadius":"50%"},"collapsible-section-text":{"\u003e p":{"marginTop":"0"},"width":"100%","variant":"body-primary"},"custom-item-publish-date":{"pr":"xxs","variant":"byline-primary"},"dropdown-menu-label-item":{"fontWeight":"normal"},"feed-product-description":{"variant":"dek-primary"},"footer-fixed-button-open":{"color":"black"},"form-select-single-value":{"variant":"overlay-item-text"},"item-dek-statement-block":{"\u0026 ul,li":{"textAlign":"left"},"fontSize":"font-size-14","fontFamily":"DekPrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-lg","letterSpacing":"letter-spacing-4"},"load-more-button-overlay":{"variant":"button-load-more-primary"},"media-poster-play-button":{"primary":"white"},"search-input-button-icon":{"primary":"white"},"search-overlay-list-item":{"variant":"overlay-item-text"},"side-panel-search-button":{"width":"iconSize.xxs","height":"iconSize.xxs","fill":"brandColorQuarternary","color":"brandColorQuarternary"},"byline-enhanced-container":{},"collapsible-header-button":{"bg":"white","width":"100%","border":"0","borderTop":"border-thin-grey","textAlign":"left","paddingTop":"xxs","borderBottom":"none","paddingBottom":"xxs"},"feed-product-info-details":{"margin":{"_":"xs","xlg":"m"},"textAlign":"center"},"load-more-button-listicle":{"variant":"button-load-more-primary"},"newsletter-content-button":{"p":"0.75rem {xl}","variant":"button-contained","flexShrink":"0"},"watch-next-player-wrapper":{"my":"l"},"account-dropdown-container":{"pr":{"_":"0","xxxlg\u003e":"0","sm:xxlg":"2.5rem"}},"item-title-statement-block":{"fontSize":"font-size-20","fontFamily":"HeadlinePrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"nav-bar-top-list-container":{"borderTop":{"_":"border-thin-greyXlight","smd\u003e":"0"},"borderBottom":{"_":"border-thin-greyXlight","smd\u003e":"0"}},"newsletter-content-wrapper":{"padding":{"\u003cmd":"l","md\u003e":"3rem {l}"},"background":"white"},"author-bio-letter-mark-icon":{},"byline-enhanced-author-name":{"variant":"byline-secondary","color":"brandColorQuinary"},"content-header-publish-date":{"ml":"xs","color":"greyXXdark","variant":"byline-secondary"},"embedded-product-price-text":{"fontFamily":"MenuPrimary"},"footer-affiliate-disclosure":{"lineHeight":"lineheight-lg"},"footer-legal-menu-item-link":{"paddingRight":"m"},"item-button-statement-block":{"variant":"button-contained"},"newsletter-content-headline":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-40","md":"font-size-38","\u003csm":"font-size-30"},"fontFamily":"TitlePrimary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-xs","md":"lineheight-xs","\u003csm":"lineheight-xs"}},"newsletter-feedpage-wrapper":{"py":"2.5rem","form":{"\u003e div":{"alignItems":{"sm":"flex-start","\u003csm":"center"}},"alignItems":"flex-start"},"width":"100%"},"skip-to-section-link-anchor":{"a":{"transition":"color 0.3s ease-in-out"},"a:hover":{"color":"greyXdark"},"variant":"button-secondary"},"dropdown-link-list-collapsed":{"variant":"specs-item-primary"},"vertical-playlist-item-title":{"fontSize":"font-size-18","fontFamily":"BylinePrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"wide-marquee-label-container":{},"feed-product-button-container":{"marginY":"xs","alignItems":"baseline"},"footer-fixed-button-collapsed":{"color":"black"},"newsletter-content-email-icon":{"primary":"greyXXXdark"},"newsletter-feedpage-container":{"margin":"center","padding":{"lg":"0","md":"tablet-gutter","xxs":"mobile-gutter"},"maxWidth":"75rem"},"search-overlay-list-container":{"boxShadow":"shadow-modal"},"watch-next-player-video-title":{"variant":"title-quaternary"},"location-choice-menu-item-link":{"variant":"menu-primary","color":"black"},"newsletter-content-back-button":{"p":"0.75rem {xl}","variant":"button-contained"},"content-header-title-left-right":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-48","md":"font-size-29","\u003csm":"font-size-40","xlg":"font-size-52"},"fontFamily":"TitlePrimary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-xs","md":"lineheight-xs","\u003csm":"lineheight-xs","xlg":"lineheight-xs"},"m":"{xs} 0","variant":"headline-tertiary"},"dropdown-menu-item-arrow-button":{"transition":"all 0.3s ease-in-out"},"nav-bar-top-list-link-highlight":{"textDecoration":"underline","textUnderlineOffset":"0.25rem","textDecorationThickness":"0.0625rem"},"newsletter-content-sub-headline":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-20","\u003csm":"font-size-18"},"fontFamily":"DekPrimary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-md"}},"author-bio-bio-job-title-wrapper":{},"byline-enhanced-author-job-title":{"mt":"xs","variant":"byline-uppercase-primary","marginLeft":{"sm":"xs","\u003csm":"xxs"},"paddingLeft":{"sm":"xxs","\u003csm":"xxs"}},"content-header-by-line-container":{"mb":"0","pr":"xxs","span":{"display":"inline-block","lineHeight":"lineheight-xxlg"},"variant":"byline-primary"},"custom-item-label-big-story-feed":{"display":"inline-block","variant":"label-tag-primary"},"dropdown-contentdropdown-content":{"border":"border-dropdown"},"item-button-text-statement-block":{"variant":"button-text"},"dropdown-menu-label-item-username":{"fontWeight":"bold"},"newsletter-feedpage-email-wrapper":{"columnGap":"1rem","alignItems":{"\u003csm":"center","sm\u003e":"flex-end"},"flexDirection":{"_":"column","sm":"row"}},"search-overlay-list-item-selected":{"variant":"overlay-item-text","paddingX":"xxxs"},"location-choice-sub-menu-item-link":{"variant":"menu-primary"},"photo-credit-figcaption-lead-image":{"paddingLeft":{"lg":"0","\u003clg":"s"}},"privacy-disclosure-content-wrapper":{"bg":"brandColorPrimary","[data-theme-key='button-primary']":{"\u0026:hover":{"bg":"transparent"}}},"skip-to-section-link-nav-container":{"borderTop":"border-thin-grey","borderBottom":"border-thin-grey"},"author-bio-name-job-title-container":{"alignItems":"baseline"},"load-more-button-product-summary-view":{"variant":"button-load-more-primary"},"newsletter-content-footer-terms-of-use":{"margin":"{xs} {m} {m} 0","variant":"ad-text-primary","textAlign":"left"},"content-header-text-left-right-container":{"textAlign":{"md":"center"}},"content-header-left-right-byline-enhanced-container":{"m":"0","maxWidth":"none"},"body-tip":{"border":"border-none-transparent","\u0026 em, i":{"fontStyle":"italic","fontFamily":"inherit"},"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-16","md":"font-size-16","\u003csm":"font-size-16"},"fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-lg","md":"lineheight-lg","\u003csm":"lineheight-lg"},"\u0026 b, strong":{"fontFamily":"inherit","fontWeight":"bold"},"padding":"{s} {s} {m}","borderTop":"border-s-black","borderBottom":"border-s-black"},"list-item":{"\u0026:active":{"bg":"null"}},"pullquote":{"margin":"0","paddingY":"0"},"saved-dek":{"variant":"saved-headline-dek"},"save-button":{"display":"flex","variant":"button-contained"},"saved-title":{"variant":"saved-headline-title"},"body-dropcap":{"\u0026:first-letter":{"fontSize":{"_":"font-size-62","lg":"5.78","md":"font-size-64","\u003csm":"font-size-64"},"fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":{"_":"lineheight-base","lg":"0.6","md":"lineheight-xs","\u003csm":"lineheight-xs"},"@-moz-document url-prefix()":{"mt":"xs"},"marginTop":{"lg":"1rem","md":"0","\u003csm":"0"},"marginRight":"xs"}},"saved-tooltip":{"variant":"small-specs-label-text-primary","textAlign":"left"},"button-primary":{"variant":"button-primary"},"pullquote-text":{"margin":"0","\u0026 em, i":{"fontStyle":"italic","fontFamily":"inherit"},"fontSize":{"_":"font-size-26","lg":"font-size-36","md":"font-size-30","\u003csm":"font-size-28"},"fontFamily":"tertiary","lineHeight":{"_":"lineheight-sm","lg":"lineheight-base","md":"lineheight-base","\u003csm":"lineheight-base"},"\u0026 b, strong":{"fontFamily":"inherit","fontWeight":"bold"},"padding":"0.9rem 1rem 1rem"},"saved-headline":{"variant":"saved-headline-primary","textAlign":"center"},"sticky-wrapper":{"mb":{"sm":"m","\u003csm":"s"}},"body-blockquote":{"\u0026 em, i":{"fontStyle":"italic","fontFamily":"inherit"},"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-18","md":"font-size-16","\u003csm":"font-size-16"},"fontFamily":"TitleSecondary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-md","md":"lineheight-xlg","\u003csm":"lineheight-xlg"},"\u0026 b, strong":{"fontFamily":"inherit","fontWeight":"bold"},"color":"greyXXXdark","padding":"{xs} {m}","borderLeft":"border-m-brand-tertiary"},"saved-link-text":{"p":"{xs} {xl}","variant":"button-text"},"save-button-icon":{"primary":"white"},"saved-item-title":{"variant":"title-primary"},"scroll-down-text":{"fontSize":"font-size-16","fontFamily":"BylinePrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-base"},"star-rating-link":{"variant":"menu-primary"},"saved-item-button":{"border":"border-thin-black","margin":"xs","\u0026:hover":{"border":"border-thin-black","background":"rgba(243, 176, 50, 0.8)","bg":"black","borderColor":"white"},"background":"brandColorPrimary","transition":"all 0.3s ease-in-out","borderColor":"white"},"star-rating-value":{"variant":"menu-primary"},"carousel-link-item":{"fontSize":"font-size-16","fontFamily":"TitlePrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm","letterSpacing":"letter-spacing-1"},"saved-folder-title":{"variant":"title-tertiary"},"saved-link-outline":{"p":"{xs} {xl}","variant":"button-outline","padding":{"md":"{0.8125rem} {m}","\u003csm":"0.7rem 1rem","lg ":"{0.8125rem} {m}","sm\u003e":"0.7rem 1rem"}},"saved-tooltip-link":{"color":"inherit","\u0026:hover":{"color":"black","textDecorationColor":"border-link-body-hover"},"transition":"color 0.3s ease-in-out","textDecoration":"underline","textDecorationColor":"inherit","textUnderlineOffset":"0.25rem","textDecorationThickness":"0.0625rem"},"skip-link-products":{"display":"inline-flex","padding":"xs","variant":"button-outline","textAlign":"center","alignItems":"center"},"unsave-button-icon":{"primary":"white"},"link-list-menu-item":{"fontFamily":"BodySanSerif"},"list-item-contained":{"a:focus-visible":{"outline":"outline-focus-black","borderRadius":"3rem"}},"saved-page-headline":{"variant":"headline-secondary"},"star-rating-wrapper":{"marginY":"xs"},"sticky-list-wrapper":{"li:last-child \u003e a":{"padding":{"\u003csm":"0 {*sizes.primitive-20} 0 {*sizes.primitive-20}"}},"li:last-child \u003e a:after":{"display":"none"},"\u0026 \u003e ul \u003e li:first-of-type":{"marginLeft":{"\u003cxs":"0"}},"pb":"{*sizes.primitive-6}"},"body-image-container":{"\u0026 a span":{"right":"1rem"}},"embedded-gallery-dek":{"\u0026 p":{"\u0026 strong":{"fontFamily":"inherit","fontWeight":"bold"},"fontSize":"font-size-14","fontFamily":"DekPrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-lg"}},"product-summary-item":{},"saved-button-outline":{"p":"{xs} {m}","variant":"button-outline","padding":{"md":"{0.8125rem} {m}","\u003csm":"0.7rem 1rem","lg ":"{0.8125rem} {m}","sm\u003e":"0.7rem 1rem"}},"saved-link-contained":{"p":"{xs} {xl}","variant":"button-contained"},"summary-view-wrapper":{"marginBottom":"xxs"},"overlay-gallery-title":{"variant":"title-tertiary"},"sticky-list-container":{"m":{"sm":"0 2.5rem","\u003csm":"0","xxlg":"0 auto"},"bg":"unset","li":{"flex":"1"},"ul":{"pb":"{*sizes.primitive-6}","gap":"0","flex":"1"}},"sticky-list-item-link":{"flex":"1 0","\u0026:after":{"pl":"{*sizes.primitive-20}","color":"gray-400","right":"0","content":"'|'","fontSize":"font-size-16","position":"absolute"},"\u0026:hover":{"transition":"all 0.3s ease-in-out","color":"brandColorPrimary"},"padding":"{*sizes.primitive-2} {*sizes.primitive-24} {*sizes.primitive-2} {*sizes.primitive-20}","position":"relative","fontFamily":"MenuPrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-base","justifyContent":"center","fontSize":"font-size-18","letterSpacing":"letter-spacing-2","textTransform":"uppercase"},"summary-view-headline":{"variant":"title-tertiary"},"editorial-links-header":{"variant":"headline-quaternary","bg":"white","display":"inline"},"embedded-gallery-title":{"variant":"title-quaternary","marginY":"0","fontWeight":"bold"},"embedded-product-title":{"marginY":"xs","variant":"title-quaternary","fontWeight":"bold"},"saved-button-contained":{"p":"{xs} {m}","variant":"button-contained"},"saved-item-unsave-icon":{"primary":"white"},"summary-view-container":{"marginY":"m"},"embedded-product-button":{"marginY":"xs","variant":"button-primary"},"saved-item-icon-wrapper":{},"saved-toggle-menu-arrow":{"borderColor":"greyXdark"},"saved-toggle-menu-label":{"color":"greyXdark","variant":"label-header-primary"},"list-item-default-active":{"a":{"\u0026:after":{"fontWeight":"normal"},"\u0026:before":{"pr":"0","left":"0","width":"100%","bottom":"-{*sizes.primitive-8}","content":"''","position":"absolute","borderBottom":"border-mlg-brand-primary","ml":"-2.1px"},"fontWeight":"bold","pb":"0","pt":"{*sizes.primitive-2}"},"position":"relative","\u0026:last-of-type a::before":{"marginRight":{"\u003csm":"0"},"paddingRight":{"\u003csm":"{*sizes.primitive-2}"}},"\u0026:first-of-type a::before":{"marginLeft":{"\u003csm":"-{*sizes.primitive-16}"},"paddingRight":{"\u003csm":"{*sizes.primitive-15}"}}},"overlay-gallery-headline":{"variant":"headline-tertiary"},"social-link-list-tooltip":{"fontFamily":"BodySanSerif"},"embedded-gallery-carousel":{"mt":"{*sizes.primitive-20}","[data-theme-key='carousel-hed']":{"width":"calc(100% - 100px)","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-36","md":"font-size-30","\u003csm":"font-size-30"},"textAlign":"left","fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-xs","md":"lineheight-base","\u003csm":"lineheight-base"}},"[data-theme-key='carousel-button-prev'],[data-theme-key='carousel-button-next']":{"\u0026:hover":{"\u0026:disabled":{"bg":"zinc-100","border":"border-xxs-grey"}},"\u0026:disabled":{"bg":"zinc-100","border":"border-xxs-grey"}},"[data-theme-key='carousel-button-prev'], [data-theme-key='carousel-button-next']":{"mb":"{*sizes.primitive-2}"}},"embedded-gallery-headline":{"variant":"title-tertiary","marginY":"s"},"embedded-product-discount":{"color":"globalColorDiscount","fontFamily":"LabelPrimary","paddingTop":"0","fontSize":"font-size-18","lineHeight":"lineheight-xxlg"},"saved-recipe-page-wrapper":{"marginBottom":"xl"},"saved-tooltip-button-text":{"color":"greyXXdark","padding":"0","variant":"button-text","marginTop":"0.5rem","backgroundColor":"unset"},"star-rating-stars-wrapper":{"paddingRight":"xxs"},"summary-view-product-info":{},"list-item-contained-active":{"bg":"black","color":"white"},"overlay-gallery-item-title":{"variant":"title-tertiary","m":"{xxs} 0"},"saved-menu-panel-list-item":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-16","\u003clg":"font-size-16"},"fontFamily":"MenuPrimary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","\u003clg":"lineheight-sm"},"letterSpacing":"unset","textTransform":"none"},"saved-recipe-items-wrapper":{"paddingBottom":"l"},"saved-save-modal-list-item":{"fontSize":"font-size-16","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm","letterSpacing":"0"},"star-rating-text-container":{"mr":"xs"},"summary-view-product-brand":{"fontSize":"font-size-14","fontFamily":"LabelPrimary","fontWeight":"bold","lineHeight":"lineheight-xlg"},"summary-view-product-title":{"fontSize":"font-size-22","fontFamily":"TitleSecondary","lineHeight":"lineheight-base","paddingRight":"xxs","mb":{"md":"{*sizes.primitive-10}","\u003csm":"{*sizes.primitive-12}"},"mr":"s","mt":"{*sizes.primitive-12}"},"embedded-gallery-custom-tag":{"variant":"label-tag-primary","marginBottom":"xxs"},"embedded-product-custom-tag":{"variant":"label-tag-primary","marginBottom":"xxs","marginX":{"\u003csm":"auto"}},"overlay-gallery-item-credit":{},"product-explorer-intro-text":{"fontFamily":"MenuPrimary"},"saved-page-headline-wrapper":{"width":"fit-content","margin":"{m} auto 0","text-align":"center"},"saved-recipe-find-more-link":{"p":"{xs} {m}","variant":"button-outline","padding":{"md":"{0.8125rem} {m}","\u003csm":"0.7rem 1rem","lg ":"{0.8125rem} {m}","sm\u003e":"0.7rem 1rem"}},"social-link-list-menu-title":{"fontFamily":"BodySanSerif"},"summary-view-product-button":{"variant":"button-primary"},"embedded-product-description":{"variant":"body-secondary"},"saved-menu-panel-menu-button":{"fontSize":"font-size-16","fontFamily":"MenuPrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm","textTransform":"unset"},"saved-menu-panel-menu-header":{"color":"greyXdark","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-16","\u003clg":"font-size-16"},"textAlign":"left","fontFamily":"MenuPrimary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","\u003clg":"lineheight-sm"},"textTransform":"uppercase"},"summary-view-product-wrapper":{"borderBottom":"border-thin-greyDark"},"embedded-overlay-product-info":{"border":{"md\u003e":"border-thin-white"},"padding":{"md\u003e":"s"},"marginBottom":{"md\u003e":"xs"}},"embedded-product-title-center":{"marginY":{"md":"0","\u003csm":"xs"},"variant":"title-quaternary","fontWeight":"bold"},"product-explorer-article-link":{"variant":"button-secondary"},"sticky-list-container-wrapper":{"height":"74px","borderBottom":"border-mlg-slate-950","bg":"white"},"sticky-list-left-arrow-button":{"height":"100%","img":{"width":"{*sizes.iconSize.m}"},"primary":"brandColorPrimary"},"summary-view-load-more-button":{"variant":"button-load-more-primary"},"summary-view-product-discount":{"color":"globalColorDiscount","fontSize":"font-size-14","fontFamily":"LabelPrimary","fontWeight":"bold","lineHeight":"lineheight-xlg","paddingTop":"xxs"},"embedded-gallery-image-wrapper":{"\u0026 img":{"marginBottom":"xs"}},"embedded-gallery-product-title":{"variant":"title-quaternary","mb":"xxs","fontWeight":"bold"},"embedded-overlay-product-title":{"mb":"xs","variant":"title-tertiary"},"embedded-product-con-item-icon":{"primary":"brandColorSecondary"},"embedded-product-pro-item-icon":{"primary":"brandColorPrimary"},"recirculation-carousel-section":{"[data-theme-key='carousel-hed']":{"fontSize":"font-size-28","fontFamily":"primary","fontWeight":"normal","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"[data-theme-key='carousel-inner-wrapper']":{"ml":"0","mt":{"md":"{*sizes.primitive-24}","\u003csm":"{*sizes.primitive-14}"}},"[data-theme-key='carousel-button-next'],[data-theme-key='carousel-button-prev']":{"\u0026 img":{"width":"iconSize.m","height":"iconSize.m"}}},"saved-folder-modal-button-text":{"mt":"xs","color":"globalColorError","variant":"button-text"},"sticky-list-right-arrow-button":{"height":"calc(100% - 8px)","img":{"width":"{*sizes.iconSize.m}"},"primary":"brandColorPrimary"},"summary-view-product-read-more":{"variant":"","marginTop":"xxs","\u0026:hover":{"color":"greyXXdark","transition":"all 0.1s ease-in-out"},"fontSize":"font-size-12","fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm","letterSpacing":"letter-spacing-1","textTransform":"uppercase"},"embedded-gallery-product-button":{"marginY":"xs","variant":"button-primary"},"embedded-overlay-product-button":{"p":"{0.8125rem} {m} {0.9rem}","bg":"brandColorPrimary","width":"fit-content","\u0026:hover":{"bg":"white"},"marginY":"xs","fontFamily":"primary","transition":"all 0.3s ease-in-out","textTransform":"uppercase","fontSize":"font-size-16","fontWeight":"bold","lineHeight":"lineheight-base"},"embedded-product-coupon-wrapper":{"marginY":"0.5rem"},"embedded-product-details-center":{"pl":{"md":"s"}},"embedded-product-key-specs-line":{},"embedded-product-pros-cons-list":{"fontSize":"font-size-16","fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm"}},"embedded-product-wrapper-center":{"p":{"md":"s"},"mb":"m","border":{"md":"border-thin-grey"}},"listicle-product-key-specs-line":{},"summary-view-product-custom-tag":{"variant":"label-tag-primary","marginBottom":"xxs"},"carousel-editorial-links-wrapper":{"[data-theme-key='carousel-hed']":{"fontSize":"font-size-18","fontFamily":"tertiary","fontWeight":"normal","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm","letterSpacing":"letter-spacing-1"},"[data-theme-key='carousel-button-prev'],[data-theme-key='carousel-button-next']":{"top":"0","border":"none","\u0026:hover":{"\u0026:disabled":{"background":"unset"},"background":"unset"},"\u0026:disabled":{"background":"unset"},"background":"unset"}},"embedded-gallery-product-wrapper":{"textAlign":"center"},"embedded-overlay-product-details":{"marginX":{"\u003csm":"0","sm\u003e":"0"}},"embedded-product-coupon-tag-icon":{"mr":"0.5rem","primary":"transparent","secondary":"globalColorDiscount"},"embedded-product-key-specs-table":{"variant":"specs-item-primary"},"embedded-product-key-specs-title":{"variant":"label-header-primary"},"immersive-toc-sticky-nav-wrapper":{"variant":"immersive-toc","[data-theme-key='carousel-container']":{"ml":{"lg":"auto"},"mr":{"lg":"auto"},"width":{"_":"100%","lg":"55.5625rem","xlg":"64rem"}},"[data-theme-key='collapsible-icon-wrapper']":{"border":"none","lineHeight":"lineheight-base"},"[data-theme-key='collapsible-section-text']":{"bg":"white","pb":"m","borderBottom":"border-xxs-black"},"[data-theme-key='collapsible-header-button']":{"bg":"neutral-100","pl":{"_":"m","xs":"0"},"gap":{"xs":"0.375rem"},"color":"neutral-800","fontSize":"font-size-28","borderTop":"none","fontFamily":"primary","textTransform":"capitalize","justifyContent":{"_":"space-between","xs":"center"}},"[data-theme-key='carousel-mini-card-heading']":{"mt":"xs"}},"listicle-product-key-specs-table":{"variant":"specs-item-primary"},"listicle-product-key-specs-title":{"variant":"label-header-primary"},"recirc-module-content-item-title":{"fontSize":"font-size-16","fontFamily":"secondary","fontWeight":"normal","lineHeight":"lineheight-md","transition":"all 0.3s ease-in-out"},"watch-next-player-button-in-body":{"variant":"button-contained"},"embedded-overlay-product-discount":{"color":"white"},"embedded-product-pros-cons-header":{"variant":"label-tertiary","fontWeight":"bold"},"product-explorer-load-more-button":{"variant":"button-load-more-primary"},"skip-link-table-of-contents-title":{"width":"fit-content","margin":"0","display":"inline-block","fontSize":"font-size-20","fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm","marginLeft":{"lg":"1.2rem","md":"1.2rem","\u003csm":"1.8rem"},"mb":"m","ml":{"lg":"1.2rem","md":"1.2rem","\u003cmd":"m"},"pb":"0.1rem","fontWeight":"bold","borderBottom":"border-ml-brand-primary","textTransform":"uppercase"},"summary-view-product-slide-number":{"fontSize":"font-size-46","fontFamily":"secondary","lineHeight":"lineheight-base"},"product-explorer-filter-chip-label":{"variant":"specs-item-primary","fontWeight":"normal"},"embedded-gallery-product-custom-tag":{"display":"inline-block","variant":"label-tag-primary","marginTop":"xxs","marginBottom":"xxs"},"embedded-overlay-product-custom-tag":{"marginY":"xxs","variant":"label-tag-primary-darkbg"},"overlay-gallery-open-gallery-button":{"variant":"button-outline"},"product-explorer-filter-brand-label":{"variant":"menu-primary","fontWeight":"bold","textTransform":"uppercase"},"saved-folder-modal-button-contained":{"mt":"m","variant":"button-contained","minWidth":"16.1875rem"},"saved-menu-panel-search-input-field":{"fontSize":"font-size-14","fontFamily":"LabelPrimary"},"saved-recipe-find-more-link-wrapper":{"marginTop":"l","marginBottom":"10rem"},"skip-link-table-of-contents-li-item":{"margin":"0 0 0.75rem","fontSize":"font-size-18","fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm","fontWeight":"bold","\u0026:last-of-type":{"mb":"0","pb":"0"}},"skip-link-table-of-contents-wrapper":{"bg":{"md":"unset","xxs":"greyXlight","_":"greyXlight"},"border":{"md":"border-thin-grey","xxs":"none"},"marginX":{"md":"0","xxs":"-15px"},"marginY":"s","padding":{"md":"{l} 1.5rem 2.2rem","xxs":"{l} 0.938rem 2.5rem","_":"{l} 0.938rem 2.5rem"},"borderColor":{"md":"grey"}},"content-header-action-button-wrapper":{"marginTop":"s"},"embedded-gallery-product-description":{"variant":"body-secondary","a.body-btn-link":{"display":"inline-block","marginY":"0"}},"embedded-overlay-product-description":{"a":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"grey"},"textDecorationColor":"white"},"variant":"body-secondary","a.body-btn-link":{"bg":"brandColorPrimary","\u0026:hover":{"bg":"white","color":"black"}},"fontWeight":"bold"},"embedded-product-key-specs-container":{},"embedded-product-pros-cons-container":{"mt":"s","pt":"s","borderTop":{"md":"border-thin-grey"}},"listicle-product-key-specs-container":{},"product-explorer-filter-sortby-label":{"variant":"menu-primary","fontWeight":"bold","textTransform":"uppercase"},"summary-view-product-image-container":{},"embedded-overlay-product-slide-number":{"variant":"overlay-item-slide-number-portrait"},"embedded-product-coupon-button-copied":{"variant":"button-discount-contained"},"embedded-product-coupon-tag-info-text":{"mt":"s","fontSize":"font-size-11","fontFamily":"LabelPrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"embedded-product-key-specs-value-item":{"padding":"m"},"immersive-toc-carousel-container-body":{"variant":"immersive-toc","borderTop":"border-xxs-black","borderBottom":"border-xxs-black"},"listicle-product-key-specs-value-item":{"padding":"m"},"summary-view-product-button-container":{"marginY":{"lg":"0","md":"xs","xxs":"xs"}},"embedded-overlay-product-con-item-icon":{"primary":"white"},"embedded-overlay-product-pro-item-icon":{"primary":"white"},"embedded-product-coupon-button-default":{"variant":"button-discount-outline"},"embedded-product-coupon-tag-info-label":{"fontSize":"font-size-11","fontFamily":"LabelPrimary","fontWeight":"bold","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"embedded-product-key-specs-value-label":{},"listicle-product-key-specs-value-label":{},"product-explorer-filter-chip-container":{"p":"0.4rem","bg":"greyLight","borderRadius":"xxxs"},"embedded-gallery-product-pros-cons-list":{"fontSize":"font-size-16","fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm"}},"embedded-overlay-product-coupon-wrapper":{"marginY":"0.5rem","alignItems":"start"},"embedded-overlay-product-key-specs-line":{},"embedded-overlay-product-pros-cons-list":{"fontSize":"font-size-16","fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm"},"textTransform":"none"},"watch-next-player-inner-wrapper-in-body":{"border":"border-none-transparent","p":"0 0 1rem","marginY":"m","borderTop":"border-s-black","borderBottom":"border-s-black"},"content-header-left-right-button-wrapper":{"display":"flex","justifyContent":"center"},"embedded-overlay-product-coupon-tag-icon":{"mr":"0.5rem","primary":"transparent","secondary":"globalColorDiscount-OnDark"},"embedded-overlay-product-key-specs-table":{"variant":"specs-item-primary"},"embedded-overlay-product-key-specs-title":{"variant":"label-header-primary"},"photo-credit-figcaption-embedded-overlay":{"span":{"color":"white"}},"embedded-gallery-product-pros-cons-header":{"variant":"label-tertiary","fontWeight":"bold"},"embedded-overlay-product-button-container":{"alignItems":"start"},"product-explorer-filter-header-placeholder":{"variant":"overlay-item-text","lineHeight":"2rem","letterSpacing":"0"},"recirc-module-stacked-carousel-item-heading":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-16","md":"font-size-16","\u003csm":"font-size-16"},"fontFamily":"TitlePrimary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm"},"letterSpacing":"letter-spacing-2"},"embedded-gallery-product-pros-cons-container":{"borderTop":{"md":"none"}},"embedded-overlay-product-key-specs-container":{},"embedded-overlay-product-pros-cons-container":{"borderTop":{"md":"none"},"variant":"label-tertiary","fontWeight":"bold"},"embedded-overlay-product-coupon-button-copied":{"variant":"button-discount-contained-OnDark"},"embedded-overlay-product-key-specs-value-item":{"padding":"m"},"embedded-overlay-product-coupon-button-default":{"variant":"button-discount-outline-OnDark"},"embedded-overlay-product-key-specs-value-label":{"textAlign":"left"},"embedded-product-coupon-tag-info-label-wrapper":{"mb":"xs"},"saved-folder-confirmation-modal-button-outline":{"mt":"xs","variant":"button-outline"},"recirc-module-stacked-carousel-section-container":{"[data-theme-key='carousel-hed']":{"fontSize":"font-size-24","fontFamily":"HeadlinePrimary","fontWeight":"normal","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm","letterSpacing":"letter-spacing-2"}},"saved-folder-confirmation-modal-button-contained":{"mt":"m","variant":"button-contained","minWidth":"16.1875rem"},"listicle-intro":{},"listicle-header":{},"listicle-wrapper":{},"gallery-view-button":{"variant":"button-contained"},"listicle-breaker-ad":{},"listicle-vertical-ad":{},"gallery-slide-message":{"variant":"small-specs-label-text-primary"},"listicle-product-info":{"marginBottom":{"md\u003e":"xs"}},"listicle-product-title":{"variant":"slide-title-primary"},"listicle-header-wrapper":{},"listicle-product-button":{"variant":"button-primary","marginBottom":"xs"},"listicle-slide-item-dek":{"a:hover":{"color":"greyXXXdark","textDecorationColor":"border-thin-grey"},"\u0026 p, ul, ol":{"\u0026 em":{"fontStyle":"italic","fontFamily":"BodyTertiary"},"fontSize":"font-size-19","fontFamily":"BodyPrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-xxlg"},"a.body-btn-link":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"white"}}},"gallery-view-button-text":{"paddingX":"xs"},"listicle-product-details":{"paddingTop":{"lg\u003e":"xs"}},"listicle-product-wrapper":{},"listicle-slide-container":{},"listicle-slide-item-meta":{},"gallery-next-button-arrow":{"primary":"white"},"gallery-next-gallery-link":{"textDecoration":"none"},"gallery-top-nav-container":{"borderBottom":"border-thin-greyXXdark"},"gallery-view-button-arrow":{"primary":"white"},"gallery-view-button-title":{"fontSize":"font-size-18"},"listicle-product-discount":{"color":"globalColorDiscount","marginY":"xxs","variant":"item-product-primary","pt":"s"},"listicle-slide-item-embed":{},"listicle-slide-item-image":{"marginBottom":"xs"},"listicle-slide-item-title":{"variant":"slide-title-primary","marginTop":"xs"},"listicle-product-cons-item":{},"listicle-product-pros-item":{},"listicle-slide-item-number":{"variant":"number-primary"},"listicle-product-custom-tag":{"variant":"label-tag-primary","marginBottom":"xxs"},"listicle-slide-item-content":{},"gallery-bottom-nav-container":{"borderTop":"border-thin-greyXXdark","marginBottom":"m"},"listicle-product-cons-column":{"padding":{"lg":"{s} {xs} {xs} 0","xxs":"{s} {xxs} {xs} 0"}},"listicle-product-description":{"variant":"body-primary"},"listicle-product-pros-column":{"padding":{"lg":"{s} {xs} {xs} {xs}","xxs":"{s} {xxs} {xs} 0"},"borderRight":"border-thin-grey"},"gallery-nav-next-gallery-link":{"\u0026:hover":{"zIndex":"middle"},"display":"grid","variant":"button-outline","gridTemplateAreas":"'menu main main right' 'menu footer footer right'"},"gallery-previous-button-arrow":{"primary":"white"},"gallery-top-next-slide-button":{"variant":"button-contained"},"listicle-product-image-credit":{},"listicle-product-info-details":{"marginY":"s"},"listicle-product-slide-number":{"marginY":"xs","variant":"number-primary"},"listicle-product-image-wrapper":{"marginTop":"s"},"listicle-slide-inner-container":{},"gallery-slide-message-container":{},"gallery-top-nav-arrow-next-icon":{"top":"0","width":"0.6rem","height":"0.6rem","position":"relative"},"gallery-view-button-slide-count":{"paddingBottom":"xxs"},"listicle-breaker-ad-placeholder":{},"listicle-header-adsfree-wrapper":{},"listicle-product-pros-cons-list":{"fontSize":"font-size-16","fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm"},"textTransform":"none"},"gallery-bottom-next-slide-button":{"variant":"button-contained"},"gallery-next-gallery-button-arrow":{"primary":"black"},"gallery-next-gallery-link-wrapper":{"border":"border-thin-greyXXdark","\u0026:hover":{"bg":"greyXlight"},"padding":"{xxs} {xs} {xxs} {xxs}","transition":"all 0.3s ease-in-out"},"gallery-top-previous-slide-button":{"variant":"button-contained"},"listicle-product-button-container":{"a":{"marginBottom":"xs"},"marginTop":{"lg":"m","md\u003e":"0"}},"listicle-product-pros-cons-header":{"variant":"label-tertiary","mt":"xs","fontWeight":"bold"},"load-more-button-wrapper-listicle":{},"gallery-bottom-nav-arrow-next-icon":{"top":"0","width":"0.6rem","height":"0.6rem","position":"relative"},"gallery-nav-next-gallery-link-title":{"mt":"-1rem","height":"1.9rem","variant":"breadcrumbs-primary","gridArea":"footer"},"gallery-next-gallery-view-link-text":{},"gallery-top-nav-arrow-previous-icon":{"top":"0","width":"0.6rem","height":"0.6rem","position":"relative"},"gallery-bottom-previous-slide-button":{"variant":"button-text"},"gallery-nav-next-gallery-link-header":{"pt":"1rem","variant":"specs-item-primary","gridArea":"main"},"gallery-next-gallery-view-link-title":{"variant":"breadcrumbs-primary"},"listicle-product-pros-cons-container":{"border":"border-thin-grey","marginX":{"xxs":"{mobile-gutter}"},"paddingX":"s"},"gallery-next-gallery-bottom-thumbnail":{},"gallery-next-gallery-top-link-wrapper":{"variant":"button-contained","\u0026:last-child":{"textDecoration":"none"}},"gallery-next-gallery-view-link-header":{"variant":"specs-item-primary","marginBottom":"0.188rem"},"gallery-slide-item-counter-arrow-next-icon":{},"gallery-slide-item-counter-arrow-previous-icon":{},"block-header":{"mb":"xs","mt":"l","zIndex":"1","display":"block","position":"relative","textAlign":{"md":"left","\u003csm":"left","sm\u003e":"left"},"fontWeight":"100"},"link-body-primary":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorQuarternary"},"fontWeight":"bold","textDecorationColor":"{*colors.brandColorPrimary}","textDecorationThickness":"0.125rem"},"sidepanel-close-icon":{"primary":"brandColorQuarternary"},"search-nav-close-icon":{"primary":"brandColorPrimary"},"search-nav-input-icon":{"primary":"brandColorPrimary"},"search-results-wrapper":{"section":{"bg":"white"}},"photo-credit-figcaption":{"mt":" 0.2rem"},"four-across-block-content":{"gridGap":{"lg":"0.09","md":"0.09","sm":"0.09","xxs":"0.09"}},"four-across-block-content-ad":{"bps":[{"value":{"gridGap":"0.09","gridTemplateColumns":"repeat(2, 1fr)"},"options":{"size":"sm"}},{"value":{"gridGap":"0.09","gridTemplateColumns":"repeat(2, 1fr)"},"options":{"size":"\u003cmd"}},{"value":{"gridGap":"0.09","gridTemplateColumns":"repeat(2, 1fr)"},"options":{"size":"lg"}}],"gridGap":{"lg":"0.09","md":"0.09","sm":"0.09","xxs":"0.09"}},"block-header-design-element-after":{"\u0026:before":{"pl":"xxs","content":"'//'","display":"inline","letterspacing":"letter-spacing-20"}},"block-header-design-element-before":{"\u0026:before":{"pr":"xxs","content":"'//'","display":"inline","letterspacing":"letter-spacing-20"}},"product-button":{"mt":"0"},"opinion-label-text":{"fontSize":"font-size-14","fontFamily":"LabelSecondary","fontWeight":"bold","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm","textTransform":"uppercase"},"opinion-label-wrapper":{"bg":"brandColorSeptenary","padding":"{s} {xs}","borderTop":"border-xxs-brand-senary","marginTop":"m","borderBottom":"border-xxs-brand-senary"},"editorial-links-wrapper":{"border":"border-none-transparent","padding":"0"},"editorial-links-list-item":{"fontFamily":"primary"},"overlay-gallery-item-meta":{"p":{"md":"{s}","sm":"{s} 0"}},"embedded-gallery-item-wrapper":{"marginBottom":{"\u003csm":"s"}},"embedded-product-button-center":{"margin":"{xs} 0 0","variant":"button-primary"},"watch-next-player-title-in-body":{"fontSize":"font-size-19","fontFamily":"tertiary","lineHeight":"lineheight-xs","letterSpacing":"letter-spacing-6","textTransform":"uppercase"},"embedded-product-discount-center":{"color":"globalColorDiscount","variant":"item-product-primary","marginTop":"xs","marginBottom":"0"},"summary-view-product-title-anchor":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"greyXXdark"}},"summary-view-product-read-more-arrow":{"height":"0.75rem","primary":["black","greyXXdark"],"marginTop":"0.02rem"},"watch-next-player-video-title-in-body":{"fontSize":"font-size-17","fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":"lineheight-md"},"skip-link-table-of-contents-li-item-link":{"textDecorationColor":"black","textDecorationThickness":"0.0625rem"},"embedded-overlay-product-pros-cons-header":{"mt":"xs","variant":"label-tertiary","fontWeight":"bold"},"embedded-gallery-carousel-product-custom-tag":{"display":"inline-block","variant":"label-tag-primary","marginBottom":"xxs"},"table-of-contents-title-place-holder":{"height":"{*space.m}","outline":"none"}},"borders":{"border-error":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.globalColorError}","border-avatar":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.black}","border-rating":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.globalColorRating}","border-m-black":"{*borderWidths.border-m} solid black","border-m-white":"{*borderWidths.border-m} solid white","border-s-black":"{*borderWidths.border-s} solid black","border-s-white":"{*borderWidths.border-s} solid white","border-xs-grey":"{*borderWidths.border-xs} solid {*colors.grey}","border-discount":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.globalColorDiscount}","border-dropdown":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.greyLight}","border-lg-black":"{*borderWidths.border-lg} solid black","border-lg-white":"{*borderWidths.border-lg} solid white","border-ml-black":"{*borderWidths.border-ml} solid black","border-mlg-grey":"{*borderWidths.border-mlg} solid {*colors.grey}","border-xs-black":"{*borderWidths.border-xs} solid black","border-xs-white":"{*borderWidths.border-xs} solid white","border-xxs-grey":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.grey}","border-mlg-black":"{*borderWidths.border-mlg} solid black","border-thin-grey":"thin solid {*colors.grey}","border-xxs-black":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid black","border-xxs-white":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid white","border-thin-black":"thin solid black","border-thin-white":"thin solid white","border-informative":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.greyLight}","border-medium-grey":"medium solid {*colors.grey}","button-border-thin":"thin solid","border-medium-black":"medium solid black","border-medium-white":"medium solid white","border-xxs-greyDark":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.greyDark}","border-lg-greyXlight":"{*borderWidths.border-lg} solid {*colors.greyXlight}","border-thin-greyDark":"thin solid {*colors.greyDark}","border-xxs-greyLight":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.greyLight}","border-xxs-greyXdark":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.greyXdark}","border-button-outline":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.black}","border-lg-transparent":"{*borderWidths.border-lg} solid transparent","border-thin-greyLight":"thin solid {*colors.greyLight}","border-thin-greyXdark":"thin solid {*colors.greyXdark}","border-xs-transparent":"{*borderWidths.border-xs} solid transparent","border-xxs-greyXXdark":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.greyXXdark}","border-xxs-greyXlight":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.greyXlight}","border-link-body-hover":"border-thin-brandColorPrimary","border-thin-greyXXdark":"thin solid {*colors.greyXXdark}","border-thin-greyXlight":"thin solid {*colors.greyXlight}","border-xxs-greyXXXdark":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.greyXXXdark}","border-xxs-transparent":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid transparent","border-form-input-error":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.globalColorError}","border-form-radio-error":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.globalColorError}","border-large-greyXlight":"0.6rem solid {*colors.greyXlight}","border-medium-greyLight":"{*borderWidths.border-m} solid {*colors.greyLight}","border-none-transparent":"{*borderWidths.border-none} solid transparent","border-thin-greyXXXdark":"thin solid {*colors.greyXXXdark}","border-thin-transparent":"thin solid transparent","border-xxs-dotted-black":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} dotted black","border-form-select-error":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.globalColorError}","border-large-transparent":"0.6rem solid transparent","border-thin-dashed-black":"thin dashed black","border-form-input-resting":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.greyDark}","border-form-radio-resting":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.black}","border-form-checkbox-error":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.globalColorError}","border-form-input-disabled":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.grey}","border-form-input-selected":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.black}","border-form-radio-disabled":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.grey}","border-form-select-resting":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.greyDark}","border-form-textarea-error":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.globalColorError}","border-button-outline-hover":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.greyDark}","border-form-select-disabled":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.grey}","border-form-select-selected":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.black}","border-form-checkbox-resting":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.black}","border-form-textarea-resting":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.greyDark}","border-form-checkbox-disabled":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.grey}","border-form-textarea-disabled":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.grey}","border-form-textarea-selected":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.black}","border-mlg-slate-950":"{*borderWidths.border-mlg} solid {*colors.slate-950}","border-m-brand-primary":"{*borderWidths.border-m} solid {*colors.brandColorPrimary}","border-m-brand-tertiary":"{*borderWidths.border-m} solid {*colors.brandColorTertiary}","border-ml-brand-primary":"{*borderWidths.border-ml} solid {*colors.brandColorPrimary}","border-xs-brand-primary":"{*borderWidths.border-xs} solid {*colors.brandColorPrimary}","border-xxs-brand-senary":"{*borderWidths.border-xxs} solid {*colors.brandColorSenary}","border-mlg-brand-primary":"{*borderWidths.border-mlg} solid {*colors.brandColorPrimary}"},"shadows":{"shadow-grey":"0 0.188rem 0.188rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2)","shadow-modal":"0 0.2rem 0.6rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1)","shadow-greyXdark":"0 0.063rem 0.063rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25)"},"outlines":{"outline-focus-black":"{*sizes.outlineWidths.outline-xs} dotted {*colors.black}","outline-focus-white":"{*sizes.outlineWidths.outline-xs} dotted {*colors.white}","outline-focus-transparent":"{*sizes.outlineWidths.outline-xs} dotted transparent"},"variants":{"body-l":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-24","md":"font-size-22","\u003csm":"font-size-22"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-xs","\u003csm":"lineheight-xs"}},"body-m":{"fontSize":"font-size-19","lineHeight":"lineheight-xxlg"},"body-s":{"fontSize":"font-size-18","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"body-xl":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-36","md":"font-size-28","\u003csm":"font-size-28"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-xs","md":"lineheight-xs","\u003csm":"lineheight-xs"}},"body-xs":{"fontSize":"font-size-16","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"body-2xl":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-80","md":"font-size-60","\u003csm":"font-size-60"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-base","md":"lineheight-base","\u003csm":"lineheight-base"}},"body-2xs":{"fontSize":"font-size-14","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"body-3xl":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-96","md":"font-size-60","\u003csm":"font-size-60"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-base","md":"lineheight-base","\u003csm":"lineheight-base"}},"body-3xs":{"fontSize":"font-size-12","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"body-4xs":{"fontSize":"font-size-11","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"label-xs":{"fontSize":"font-size-14","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"label-2xs":{"fontSize":"font-size-13","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"label-3xs":{"fontSize":"font-size-12","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"label-4xs":{"fontSize":"font-size-11","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"ad-wrapper":{"minHeight":{"_":"523px","md":"138px"}},"chip-label":{"fontSize":"font-size-11","fontFamily":"","lineHeight":"lineheight-base"},"headline-l":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-28","md":"font-size-24","\u003csm":"font-size-24"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-xs","md":"lineheight-xs","\u003csm":"lineheight-xs"}},"headline-m":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-24","md":"font-size-22","\u003csm":"font-size-22"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-xs","\u003csm":"lineheight-xs"}},"headline-s":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-22","md":"font-size-20","\u003csm":"font-size-20"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm"}},"button-text":{"bg":"transparent","color":"black","width":"auto","\u0026:focus":{"outline":"outline-focus-black","outlineOffset":"{*sizes.outlineOffset.outline-offset-s}"},"\u0026:hover":{"color":"greyXXdark","background":"none","textDecorationColor":"greyXXdark"},"fontFamily":"ButtonPrimary","transition":"all 0.3s ease-in-out","textTransform":"uppercase","textDecoration":"underline","textUnderlineOffset":"0.25rem","textDecorationThickness":"0.0625rem","padding":{"md":"{0.8125rem} {m}","sm":"0.7rem 1rem","\u003csm":"0.7rem","lg ":"0.8125rem {m}"},"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-14","md":"font-size-14","\u003csm":"font-size-14"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-base","md":"lineheight-base","\u003csm":"lineheight-base"}},"dek-primary":{"fontFamily":"DekPrimary","mb":"0.3125rem","color":"brandColorQuarternary","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-16","md":"font-size-15","\u003csm":"font-size-16"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-md","md":"lineheight-md","\u003csm":"lineheight-md"}},"headline-xl":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-36","md":"font-size-28","\u003csm":"font-size-28"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-xs","md":"lineheight-xs","\u003csm":"lineheight-xs"}},"headline-xs":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-20","md":"font-size-18","\u003csm":"font-size-18"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm"}},"body-primary":{"\u0026 em":{"fontStyle":"italic","fontFamily":"BodyPrimary"},"\u0026 strong":{"fontFamily":"BodyPrimary","fontWeight":"bold"},"fontSize":"font-size-19","fontFamily":"BodyPrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-xxlg"},"headline-2xl":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-48","md":"font-size-36","\u003csm":"font-size-36"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-xs","\u003csm":"lineheight-xs"}},"headline-2xs":{"fontSize":"font-size-16","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"headline-3xl":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-60","md":"font-size-48","\u003csm":"font-size-48"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm"}},"headline-3xs":{"fontSize":"font-size-14","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"menu-primary":{"fontFamily":"MenuPrimary","fontSize":"font-size-14"},"label-primary":{"fontFamily":"LabelPrimary","textTransform":"uppercase","bg":"black","mb":"0.9rem","mt":"xs","color":"white","display":"inline-block","padding":"xs","clipPath":"polygon(.3125rem 0,100% 0,100% 1.4rem,0 1.4rem,0 0.3125rem)","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-11","md":"font-size-11","\u003csm":"font-size-11"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"0.4","md":"0.4","\u003csm":"0.4"}},"title-primary":{"fontFamily":"TitlePrimary","mb":{"md":"0.5rem","\u003csm":"1rem"},"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-16","md":"font-size-15","\u003csm":"font-size-16"},"fontWeight":"100","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-md","md":"lineheight-md","\u003csm":"lineheight-md"}},"body-secondary":{"\u0026 em":{"fontStyle":"italic","fontFamily":"BodyTertiary"},"fontSize":"font-size-16","fontFamily":"BodyPrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-lg"},"button-outline":{"bg":"white","color":"black","width":"auto","border":"border-thin-black","\u0026:focus":{"outline":"outline-focus-black","outlineOffset":"{*sizes.outlineOffset.outline-offset-s}"},"\u0026:hover":{"bg":"greyLight","border":"border-thin-black"},"fontFamily":"ButtonPrimary","svg \u003e path":{"fill":"black"},"transition":"all 0.3s ease-in-out","borderRadius":"0","textTransform":"uppercase","textDecoration":"none","padding":{"md":"{0.8125rem} {m}","sm":"0.7rem 1rem","\u003csm":"0.7rem","lg ":"0.8125rem {m}"},"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-14","md":"font-size-14","\u003csm":"font-size-14"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-base","md":"lineheight-base","\u003csm":"lineheight-base"}},"button-primary":{"p":"{xs} {m}","bg":"brandColorPrimary","color":"white","width":"auto","\u0026:hover":{"bg":"black","color":"white","border":"border-none-transparent"},"fontFamily":"ButtonPrimary","transition":"all 0.3s ease-in-out","textTransform":"uppercase","padding":{"md":"{0.8125rem} {1.25rem} {0.9rem}","\u003csm":"0.7rem 1rem 0.75rem","lg ":"{0.8125rem} {1.25rem} {0.9rem}","sm\u003e":"0.7rem 1rem 0.75rem"},"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-14","md":"font-size-14","\u003csm":"font-size-14"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-base","md":"lineheight-base","\u003csm":"lineheight-base"},"letterSpacing":"letter-spacing-4"},"byline-primary":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-11","md":"0.0006","\u003csm":"font-size-11"},"fontFamily":"BylinePrimary","color":"black","display":"inline-block","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-md","md":"lineheight-md","\u003csm":"lineheight-md"},"textTransform":"uppercase"},"menu-secondary":{"fontFamily":"MenuPrimary","color":"brandColorQuarternary","fontSize":"font-size-13"},"title-tertiary":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-35","md":"font-size-31","\u003csm":"font-size-31"},"fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-base","md":"lineheight-base","\u003csm":"lineheight-base"},"fontWeight":"bold"},"ad-text-primary":{"a":{"color":"inherit","\u0026:hover":{"color":"color-link-body-hover","textDecorationColor":"border-link-body-hover"},"transition":"color 0.3s ease-in-out","textDecoration":"underline","textDecorationColor":"inherit","textUnderlineOffset":"0.25rem","textDecorationThickness":"0.0625rem"},"fontSize":"font-size-11","fontFamily":"AdTextPrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-md","textTransform":"none"},"title-secondary":{"fontFamily":"TitleSecondary","fontWeight":"bold"},"button-contained":{"bg":"brandColorPrimary","color":"white","width":"auto","border":"border-thin-transparent","\u0026:focus":{"outline":"outline-focus-black","outlineOffset":"{*sizes.outlineOffset.outline-offset-s}"},"\u0026:hover":{"bg":"black","border":"border-thin-transparent","color":"white"},"fontFamily":"ButtonPrimary","transition":"all 0.3s ease-in-out","borderRadius":"0","textTransform":"uppercase","textDecoration":"none","padding":{"md":"{0.8125rem} {m}","sm":"0.7rem 1rem","\u003csm":"0.7rem","lg ":"0.8125rem {m}"},"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-14","\u003cxxs":"font-size-12","xs:md":"font-size-14"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-base","\u003cxxs":"lineheight-base","xs:md":"lineheight-base"},"letterSpacing":"letter-spacing-4"},"button-secondary":{"fontFamily":"ButtonPrimary","fontSize":"font-size-14","textTransform":"uppercase"},"headline-primary":{"fontFamily":"HeadlinePrimary"},"nav-with-sponsor":{"bg":"white","borderBottom":"border-thin-grey"},"title-quaternary":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-18","md":"font-size-18","\u003csm":"font-size-18"},"fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm"}},"button-quaternary":{"p":"{xs} {m}","bg":"black","width":"auto","fontSize":"font-size-14","fontFamily":"AdTextPrimary","fontWeight":"bold","lineHeight":"lineheight-base","borderRadius":"l"},"headline-tertiary":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-60","md":"font-size-52","\u003csm":"font-size-45","xlg":"4.33692"},"fontFamily":"tertiary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-base","md":"lineheight-base","\u003csm":"lineheight-base","xlg":"lineheight-base"},"fontWeight":"bold","letterSpacing":"letter-spacing-n4"},"label-tag-primary":{"bg":"brandColorTertiary","width":"fit-content","padding":"0.4rem {xs} {xxxs}","fontSize":"font-size-14","fontFamily":"primary","fontWeight":"bold","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm"},"textTransform":"uppercase"},"overlay-item-text":{"fontSize":"font-size-14","fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":"lineheight-md"},"headline-secondary":{"fontFamily":"TitlePrimary","textTransform":"uppercase"},"saved-headline-dek":{"fontSize":"font-size-19","fontFamily":"TitlePrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"specs-item-primary":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-14","md":"font-size-16","\u003csm":"font-size-16"},"fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-lg","md":"lineheight-lg","\u003csm":"lineheight-lg"}},"spotlight-hed-dark":{"bg":"white"},"breadcrumbs-primary":{"color":"greyXXdark","fontSize":"font-size-11","fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":"lineheight-md"},"byline-link-primary":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"black","textDecoration":"underline","textUnderlineOffset":"0.25rem","textDecorationThickness":"0.0625rem"},"transition":"all 0.3s ease-in-out","textDecoration":"underline","textUnderlineOffset":"0.25rem","textDecorationThickness":"0.0625rem"},"item-big-story-feed":{"p":"0","textAlign":"center"},"spotlight-hed-light":{"bg":"black","\u0026:hover":{"color":"grey"}},"subheadline-primary":{"fontFamily":"SubheadlinePrimary","display":"block","padding":"s","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-11","md":"font-size-11","\u003csm":"font-size-11"},"lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"label-header-primary":{"fontSize":"font-size-16","fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-md","md":"lineheight-md","\u003csm":"lineheight-md"},"textTransform":"uppercase"},"saved-headline-title":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-28","\u003csm":"font-size-24"},"fontFamily":"TitlePrimary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm"}},"spotlight-label-dark":{"bg":"black"},"dropdown-text-primary":{"fontSize":"font-size-14","fontFamily":"MenuPrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-xxlg","textTransform":"capitalize"},"spotlight-label-light":{"bg":"white"},"ad-leaderboard-wrapper":{"minHeight":{"md":"121px"}},"saved-headline-primary":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-28","\u003csm":"font-size-24"},"fontFamily":"TitlePrimary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm"}},"button-discount-outline":{"bg":"unset","color":"text-discount","border":"unset","\u0026:hover":{"bg":"bg-discount","border":"unset"},"outline":"0.125rem dotted {*colors.greenDark}","fontFamily":"LabelPrimary","textTransform":"uppercase"},"breadcrumbs-link-primary":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"black","textDecoration":"underline","textUnderlineOffset":"0.25rem","textDecorationThickness":"0.0625rem"},"transition":"all 0.3s ease-in-out","textDecoration":"underline","textUnderlineOffset":"0.25rem","textDecorationThickness":"0.0625rem"},"button-load-more-primary":{"bg":"white","color":"black","width":"100%","border":"border-thin-black","\u0026:hover":{"bg":"greyLight","border":"border-xxs-black"},"fontFamily":"ButtonPrimary","transition":"all 0.3s ease-in-out","borderRadius":"0","textTransform":"uppercase","padding":{"md":"0.8125rem {m} 0.75rem","\u003csm":"0.8125rem {m} 0.75rem","lg ":"0.8125rem {m} 0.75rem","sm\u003e":"0.8125rem {m} 0.75rem"}},"byline-lowercase-primary":{"fontSize":"font-size-12","fontFamily":"BylinePrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-md","textTransform":"lowercase"},"byline-uppercase-primary":{"fontSize":"font-size-11","fontFamily":"BylinePrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-md","textTransform":"uppercase"},"item-content-four-across":{"bg":"white","p":"s","pb":"l","h2 span":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorQuarternary"}},"textAlign":"left"},"label-tag-primary-darkbg":{"bg":"greyXXXdark","color":"white","width":"fit-content","padding":"{xxxs} {xs}","fontSize":"font-size-13","textAlign":"center","fontFamily":"LabelPrimary","fontWeight":"bold","lineHeight":"lineheight-max","textTransform":"uppercase"},"button-discount-contained":{"bg":"bg-discount","border":"unset","\u0026:hover":{"bg":"bg-discount","border":"unset"},"outline":"0.125rem dotted {*colors.greenDark}","fontFamily":"LabelPrimary","textTransform":"uppercase"},"byline-capitalize-primary":{"fontSize":"font-size-12","fontFamily":"BylinePrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-md","textTransform":"capitalize"},"item-content-three-column":{"bg":"bg-block-content-three-col","h2 span":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorQuarternary"}}},"item-image-link-big-story":{"mb":"0"},"item-imageright-big-story":{"bg":"white"},"item-content-big-story-feed":{"bg":"bg-block-content-big-story-feed-colright-feature","mb":"0","ml":{"md":"0","\u003csm":"-1rem","sm\u003e":"0","xxs":"0"},"mt":{"lg":"0","md":"0","\u003csm":"0","sm\u003e":"0","xxs":"-0.5rem"},"h2 span":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorQuarternary"}},"padding":{"lg":"2rem 3.5rem","\u003csm":"2.5rem {s}","sm\u003e":"m","xxs":"1.5rem {s}"}},"item-content-under-big-story":{"bg":"white","textAlign":"center","ml":{"md":"0","\u003csm":"-1rem","sm\u003e":"0"},"mt":{"\u003csm":"-0.5rem"},"width":{"md":"100%","sm":"100vw","\u003csm":"100vw","sm\u003e":"100vw"},"h2 span":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorQuarternary"}},"padding":{"lg":"2rem 3.5rem","\u003csm":"2.5rem {s}","sm\u003e":"m","xxs":"1.5rem {s}"}},"item-imageright-ad-big-story":{"bg":"bg-block-content-big-story-imageright-ad","textAlign":"center"},"byline-transform-none-primary":{"fontSize":"font-size-12","fontFamily":"BylinePrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-md","textTransform":"none"},"button-discount-outline-OnDark":{"bg":"unset","color":"text-discount-onDark","border":"unset","\u0026:hover":{"bg":"bg-discount-onDark","border":"unset"},"outline":"0.125rem dotted {*colors.greenLight}","fontFamily":"LabelPrimary","textTransform":"uppercase"},"item-content-noimage-big-story":{"bg":"black","h2 span":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"greyLight"}}},"item-image-link-big-story-feed":{"marginBottom":"0","mb":{"l":"0","m":"0","s":"0"}},"small-specs-error-text-primary":{"color":"globalColorError","fontSize":"font-size-11","fontFamily":"Inter, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-serif","fontWeight":"normal","lineHeight":"lineheight-xs","letterSpacing":"letter-spacing-6"},"small-specs-label-text-primary":{"color":"greyXXdark","fontSize":"font-size-11","fontFamily":"primary","fontWeight":"normal","lineHeight":"lineheight-xs","letterSpacing":"letter-spacing-6","textTransform":"none"},"item-content-under-ad-big-story":{"bg":"black","textAlign":"center","mb":{"\u003csm":"1rem","xxs":"1rem"},"ml":{"md":"0","\u003csm":"-1rem","sm\u003e":"0","xxs":"-1rem"},"mt":"-0.9375rem","width":{"md":"100%","\u003csm":"100vw","sm\u003e":"100vw","xxs":"100vw"},"h2 span":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"greyLight"}},"padding":{"lg":"2rem 3.5rem","\u003csm":"2.5rem {s}","sm\u003e":"m","xxs":"2.5rem {s}"}},"button-discount-contained-OnDark":{"bg":"bg-discount-onDark","border":"unset","\u0026:hover":{"bg":"bg-discount-onDark","border":"unset"},"outline":"0.125rem dotted {*colors.greenLight}","fontFamily":"LabelPrimary","textTransform":"uppercase"},"small-specs-label-text-secondary":{"color":"greyXXdark","fontSize":"font-size-11","fontFamily":"Inter, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-serif","fontWeight":"normal","lineHeight":"lineheight-xs","letterSpacing":"letter-spacing-6","textTransform":"none"},"item-content-imageright-big-story":{"bg":"white","mb":{"xxs":"1rem"},"ml":{"md":"0","\u003csm":"-1rem","sm\u003e":"0","xxs":"-1rem"},"mt":{"xxs":"-0.5rem"},"width":{"md":"100%","\u003csm":"100vw","sm\u003e":"100%","xxs":"100vw"},"h2 span":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorQuarternary"}},"padding":{"lg":"0rem 2.5rem 2rem","\u003csm":"2.5rem {s}","sm\u003e":"m","xxs":"1.5rem {s}"},"textAlign":{"m":"left","\u003cs":"center","xxs":"center"}},"item-content-noimage-ad-big-story":{"bg":"bg-block-content-big-story-noimage-ad"},"item-imagelink-imageright-big-story":{"mb":"0"},"item-stacked-feature-big-story-feed":{"textAlign":"center","mb":{"\u003csm":"1rem"},"padding":{"\u003csm":"0","sm\u003e":"0"}},"item-content-imageright-ad-big-story":{"bg":"bg-block-content-big-story-imageright-ad","ml":{"md":"0","\u003csm":"-1rem","sm\u003e":"0","xxs":"-1rem"},"mt":{"xxs":"-0.5rem"},"width":{"md":"100%","\u003csm":"100vw","sm\u003e":"100%","xxs":"100vw"},"h2 span":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"greyLight"}},"padding":{"lg":"2rem 3.5rem","\u003csm":"m","sm\u003e":"m"},"textAlign":"center"},"item-imagelink-imageright-ad-big-story":{"mb":"0"},"item-dek-noimage-feature-big-story-feed":{"paddingTop":{"_":"xxs","md":"xs"}},"item-dek-stacked-feature-big-story-feed":{"paddingTop":{"_":"xxs","md":"xs"}},"item-dek-noimage-feature-ad-big-story-feed":{"paddingTop":{"_":"xxs","md":"xs"}},"item-dek-stacked-feature-ad-big-story-feed":{"paddingTop":{"_":"xxs","md":"xs"}},"item-content-noimage-feature-big-story-feed":{"bg":"bg-block-content-big-story-feed-noimage-feature","mb":{"lg":"-1rem","md":"0","\u003csm":"0"},"pb":"s","pt":"s","h2 span":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorQuarternary"}},"borderBottom":"border-xxs-black"},"item-content-stacked-feature-big-story-feed":{"bg":"bg-block-content-big-story-feed-stacked-feature","mb":{"md":"s","sm\u003e":"s"},"ml":{"md":"0","\u003csm":"-1rem","sm\u003e":"0"},"mt":{"md":"0","\u003csm":"-0.5rem","sm\u003e":"0"},"width":{"md":"100%","\u003csm":"100vw","sm\u003e":"100%"},"h2 span":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorQuarternary"}},"padding":{"lg":"2rem 3.5rem","\u003csm":"2.5rem {s}","sm\u003e":"m","xxs":"2.5rem {s}"},"marginTop":"l","textAlign":"center"},"item-content-noimage-basefeed-big-story-feed":{"bg":"bg-block-content-big-story-feed-noimage-basefeed","pb":"s","pt":"s","h2 span":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorQuarternary"}},"borderBottom":"border-xxs-black"},"item-content-stacked-basefeed-big-story-feed":{"bg":"bg-block-content-big-story-feed-stacked-basefeed"},"item-dek-column-right-feature-big-story-feed":{"paddingTop":{"_":"xxs","md":"xs"}},"item-dek-column-right-feature-ad-big-story-feed":{"paddingTop":{"_":"xxs","md":"xs"}},"item-content-column-right-basefeed-big-story-feed":{"bg":"bg-block-content-big-story-feed-colright-basefeed"},"immersive-toc":{"[data-theme-key='carousel-hed']":{"fontSize":"font-size-28","fontFamily":"primary","fontWeight":"normal","lineHeight":"lineheight-xlg","textTransform":"capitalize"},"[data-theme-key='carousel-item']":{"pr":"s"},"[data-theme-key='carousel-mini-card-dek']":{"fontSize":"font-size-11","fontFamily":"primary","fontWeight":"normal","lineHeight":"lineheight-md","textDecoration":"underline"},"[data-theme-key='carousel-mini-card-heading']":{"fontSize":"font-size-12","fontFamily":"primary","fontWeight":"normal","lineHeight":"lineheight-md","textTransform":"none"}},"button-cta-link-overlay":{"a.body-btn-link":{"bg":"brandColorPrimary","\u0026:hover":{"bg":"white","color":"black"}},"a":{"textDecorationColor":"white"}},"button-cta-link-embed-gallery":{"a.body-btn-link":{"bg":"brandColorPrimary","mt":"xxs","\u0026:hover":{"bg":"black","color":"white"},"display":"inline-block","marginY":"xxs"}},"four-across-block-longform-article":{"\u0026:not(:first-of-type)":{"pt":{"md":"0","\u003cmd":"0"},"gridRowGap":{"md":"xs","\u003cmd":"0"}}},"four-across-block-standard-article":{"\u0026:not(:first-of-type)":{"pt":{"md":"0","\u003cmd":"0"},"gridRowGap":{"md":"xs","\u003cmd":"0"}}},"number-primary":{"fontSize":{"_":"font-size-62","lg":"5.13951","md":"5.13951","\u003csm":"4.84903"},"fontFamily":"secondary","fontWeight":"normal","lineHeight":{"_":"lineheight-base","lg":"lineheight-base","md":"lineheight-base","\u003csm":"lineheight-base"}},"ads-free-byline":{"marginRight":"0.625rem","paddingRight":"0.3125rem"},"left-align-byline":{"marginRight":"0.625rem","paddingRight":"0.3125rem"},"ads-free-breadcrumb":{"pl":{"sm":"auto","xxs:xxxlg":"auto"},"padding":{"xxs:xxxlg":"initial"},"marginTop":"s","textAlign":"center","marginLeft":"auto"},"slide-title-primary":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-31","md":"font-size-30","\u003csm":"font-size-24"},"fontFamily":"primary","fontWeight":"bold","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-xs","md":"lineheight-xs","\u003csm":"lineheight-xs"}},"ads-free-content-dek":{"textAlign":"center"},"item-product-primary":{"fontSize":"font-size-19","fontFamily":"LabelPrimary","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"ads-free-publish-date":{"marginLeft":"0"},"left-align-breadcrumb":{"m":{"xxs:xxxlg":"6px 0 0 0"},"pl":{"sm":"0","xxs:xxxlg":"6px 0 0 0"},"padding":{"xxs:xxxlg":"6px 0 0 0","xxxlg":"{s} {xs} {xs} 0"}},"left-align-content-dek":{"textAlign":"left"},"ads-free-action-buttons":{"margin":"auto"},"ads-free-content-header":{"p":{"xxs:xxxlg":"6px 0 0 0"},"maxWidth":{"lg":"67.5rem","md":"calc(49.625rem * 2 - 1rem)","sm":"calc(32.625rem * 2 - 1rem)","xs":"calc(15.925rem * 2 - 1rem)","smd":"calc(32.625rem * 2 - 1rem)","xlg":"calc(20.625rem * 2 - 1rem)","xxs":"calc(10rem * 2 - 1rem)","xxlg":"calc(42rem * 2 - 1rem)","xxxlg":"calc(47.25rem * 2 - 1rem)"},"textAlign":"center"},"left-align-action-block":{"display":"flex","alignItems":"baseline","justifyContent":"start"},"left-align-publish-date":{"marginLeft":"0"},"repositioned-disclaimer":{"mt":{"_":"0.9375rem"},"\u0026 p":{"pl":"0","pr":"0","textAlign":"center"},"width":"auto","maxWidth":{"md:smd":"45.25rem"},"bg":"white","padding":"{s} {xs}"},"action-buttons-text-only":{"marginRight":{"xxs:xxxlg":"6px 0 0 0"}},"content-header-text-only":{"p":{"xxs:xxxlg":"{xs} 0 0 0"},"ml":{"_":"{xs}","lg":"calc((100vw - calc(19.1rem * 2 - 1rem) - 1rem - 29.625rem) / 2)","md":"{xs}","sm":"{xs}","xs":"{xs}","smd":"{xs}","xlg":"calc((100vw - calc(19.1rem * 2 - 1rem) - 1rem - 39.625rem) / 2)","xxs":"{xs}","xxlg":"calc((100vw - calc(18.2rem * 2 - 1rem) - 1rem - 35.625rem) / 2)","xxxlg":"calc((100vw - calc(21.5rem * 2 - 1rem) - 1rem - 42.625rem) / 2)"},"textAlign":"left"},"ads-free-byline-container":{"display":"flex","flexWrap":{"sm":"wrap","xxs":"wrap"},"alignItems":"baseline","flexDirection":{"sm":"row","xxs":"column"},"justifyContent":"center"},"ads-free-verifier-job-title":{"marginLeft":{"sm":"auto","\u003csm":"auto"},"paddingLeft":{"sm":"initial","\u003csm":"initial"}},"left-align-verifier-job-title":{"marginLeft":{"sm":"0.625rem","\u003csm":"0"},"paddingLeft":{"sm":"0.3125rem","\u003csm":"0"}},"ads-free-action-button-wrapper":{"margin":"auto","display":"flex","alignItems":"baseline","paddingTop":"0.9375rem","justifyContent":"center"},"button-cta-link-listicle-intro":{"a.body-btn-link":{"\u0026:hover":{}}},"ads-free-enhanced-byline-wrapper":{"margin":{"xxs:xxxlg":"auto"},"justifyContent":"center"},"ads-free-enhanced-byline-container":{"margin":{"xxs":"auto"}},"left-align-enhanced-byline-wrapper":{"margin":{"xxs:xxxlg":"auto"},"justifyContent":"start"},"content-header-text-only-lead-image":{"margin":{"lg":"0 auto","md":"0 auto","sm":"0 1rem","smd":"0","xlg":"0 auto","xxlg":"0 auto","xxxlg":"auto"},"padding":{"lg":"0 1rem","md":"0 1rem","sm":"0","smd":"0 1rem","xlg":"0 1rem","xxlg":"0 1rem","xxxlg":"0 1rem"},"maxWidth":{"lg":"40.25rem","md":"40.25rem","smd":"calc(20.625rem * 2 - 1rem)","xlg":"calc(20.625rem * 2 - 1rem)","xxlg":"calc(20.625rem * 2 - 1rem)","xxxlg":"calc(20.625rem * 2 - 1rem)"},"textAlign":"left","marginLeft":{"lg":"calc((100vw - calc(19.5rem * 2 - 1rem) - 1rem - 20.625rem) / 2)","smd":"calc((100vw - calc(9.8rem * 2 - 1rem) - 1rem - 20.625rem) / 2)","xlg":"calc((100vw - calc(19.1rem * 2 - 1rem) - 1rem - 20.625rem) / 2)","xxlg":"calc((100vw - calc(18.2rem * 2 - 1rem) - 1rem - 20.625rem) / 2)","xxxlg":"calc((100vw - calc(21.5rem * 2 - 1rem)) / 2)"}},"left-align-enhanced-byline-container":{"margin":{"xxs:xxxlg":"0"}},"left-align-byline-container-text-only":{"display":"block","flexWrap":{"sm":"wrap","xxs":"wrap"},"alignItems":"baseline","flexDirection":{"sm":"row","xxs":"column"},"justifyContent":"start"},"body-tertiary":{"fontSize":"font-size-15","fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"menu-tertiary":{"color":"black","fontSize":{"md":"font-size-13","\u003csm":"font-size-13"},"fontFamily":"MenuPrimary","lineHeight":{"md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm"}},"title-quinary":{"mb":{"md":"s","\u003csm":"xs"},"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-21","md":"font-size-21","\u003csm":"font-size-16"},"fontFamily":"TitlePrimary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm"}},"item-big-story":{"textAlign":"center"},"label-tertiary":{"display":"inline-block","fontSize":"font-size-14","fontFamily":"primary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm"},"textTransform":"uppercase"},"byline-tertiary":{"fontSize":"font-size-11","fontFamily":"BodyPrimary","fontWeight":"bold","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"label-secondary":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-17","md":"font-size-13","\u003csm":"font-size-13"},"fontFamily":"TitleSecondary","fontWeight":"bold","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-base","md":"lineheight-base","\u003csm":"lineheight-base"}},"menu-quaternary":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-16","md":"font-size-16","xxs":"font-size-14"},"fontFamily":"primary","textTransform":"uppercase"},"byline-secondary":{"fontSize":"font-size-11","fontFamily":"BylinePrimary","fontWeight":"bold","lineHeight":"lineheight-md","textTransform":"uppercase"},"item-four-across":{"bg":"white"},"item-three-column":{"h2 span":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorQuarternary"}}},"item-dek-big-story":{"color":"brandColorQuarternary","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-23","md":"font-size-19","\u003csm":"font-size-18"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-xs","md":"lineheight-xs","\u003csm":"lineheight-xs"}},"headline-quaternary":{"fontSize":"font-size-28","fontFamily":"secondary","lineHeight":"lineheight-base","letterSpacing":"letter-spacing-20","textTransform":"uppercase"},"item-dek-four-across":{"color":"black"},"item-title-big-story":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-38","md":"font-size-34","\u003csm":"font-size-31"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm"}},"item-content-big-story":{"width":{"sm":"100vw","\u003csm":"100vw"}},"item-noimage-big-story":{"bg":"black","left":{"lg":"0","md":"0","\u003csm":"-1rem"},"width":{"lg":"100%","md":"100%","\u003csm":"100vw"},"margin":{"\u003csm":"{m} {0}"},"padding":{"lg":"2rem 3.5rem","\u003csm":"2.5rem {s}","sm\u003e":"m","xxs":"2.5rem {s}"},"textAlign":"center"},"item-title-four-across":{"mt":{"lg":"s","md":"0rem","\u003csm":"xs"},"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-20","md":"font-size-19","\u003csm":"font-size-18"},"fontFamily":"HeadlineTertiary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm","sm\u003e":"lineheight-sm"}},"item-byline-four-across":{"mt":"0","color":"greyXxdark","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-11","md":"font-size-11","\u003csm":"font-size-11"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-base","md":"lineheight-base","\u003csm":"lineheight-base"}},"item-dek-big-story-feed":{"mb":"0.3125rem","color":"black","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-19","md":"font-size-18","\u003csm":"font-size-16"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-md","md":"lineheight-md","\u003csm":"lineheight-md"}},"item-title-three-column":{"pr":{"\u003csm":"1rem"},"\u0026 a":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorQuarternary"}},"h2 span":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorQuarternary"}},"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-16","md":"font-size-14","\u003csm":"font-size-17"},"fontFamily":"HeadlineTertiary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm"}},"item-byline-three-column":{"color":"black","display":"block","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-base","md":"lineheight-base","\u003csm":"lineheight-base"}},"item-dek-under-big-story":{"mb":"s","mt":"xs","color":"brandColorQuarternary","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-16","md":"font-size-15","\u003csm":"font-size-16"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-md","md":"lineheight-md","\u003csm":"lineheight-md"}},"item-header-three-column":{"mb":"0.5","width":"100%","display":"block","position":"relative","textAlign":"center"},"item-heading-three-column":{"mb":"l","pb":"xxs","\u0026 a":{"color":"brandColorPrimary"},"color":"black","display":"block","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-11","md":"font-size-11","\u003csm":"font-size-11"},"textAlign":"center","fontFamily":"LabelPrimary","textTransform":"uppercase"},"item-label-big-story-feed":{"mt":"0"},"item-noimage-ad-big-story":{"padding":{"md":"2rem 3.5rem","\u003csm":"m"},"textAlign":"center"},"item-title-big-story-feed":{"mb":{"lg":"0.5rem","md":"0.5rem","\u003csm":"0.5rem"},"\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorQuarternary"},"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-47","md":"font-size-37","\u003csm":"font-size-35"},"fontFamily":"HeadlineSecondary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-xs","md":"lineheight-xs","\u003csm":"lineheight-xs"}},"item-byline-big-story-feed":{"mb":{"lg":"-0.5","md":"-0.5","\u003csm":"-0.5"},"pr":"xxs","color":"greyXxdark","display":"block"},"item-dek-noimage-big-story":{"mb":{"lg":"s","md":"s","\u003csm":"s"},"color":"white","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-16","md":"font-size-15","\u003csm":"font-size-16"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-md","md":"lineheight-md","\u003csm":"lineheight-md"}},"item-title-under-big-story":{"color":"black","display":"inline","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-47","md":"font-size-39","\u003csm":"font-size-35"},"fontFamily":"HeadlineSecondary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-xs","md":"lineheight-xs","\u003csm":"lineheight-xs"}},"item-byline-ad-three-column":{"mt":"s","display":"block"},"item-byline-under-big-story":{"pr":"xxs","color":"black","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-11","md":"font-size-11","\u003csm":"font-size-11"},"lineHeight":{"md":"lineheight-md","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm","leg":"lineheight-base"}},"item-dek-under-ad-big-story":{"color":"white"},"item-publish-date-big-story":{"color":"white"},"item-title-noimage-big-story":{"mb":"s","color":"white","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-50","md":"font-size-47","\u003csm":"font-size-34"},"fontFamily":"HeadlineSecondary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm"}},"item-byline-noimage-big-story":{"color":"white","display":"block"},"item-dek-imageright-big-story":{"mt":{"lg":"s","md":"","\u003csm":"s"},"color":"brandColorQuarternary","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-16","md":"font-size-15","\u003csm":"font-size-16"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-md","md":"lineheight-md","\u003csm":"lineheight-md"}},"item-label-under-ad-big-story":{"bg":"white","color":"black"},"item-publish-date-four-across":{"mt":{"lg":"-0.5rem","md":"0","\u003csm":"0.5rem"},"color":"greyXxdark","display":{"lg":"inline","md":"block","\u003csm":"block"},"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-11","md":"font-size-11","\u003csm":"font-size-11"},"lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-base","md":"lineheight-base","\u003csm":"lineheight-base"}},"item-title-under-ad-big-story":{"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-39","md":"font-size-34","\u003csm":"font-size-31"},"fontFamily":"HeadlineSecondary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm"}},"item-byline-under-ad-big-story":{"color":"white"},"item-publish-date-three-column":{"display":"block","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-base","md":"lineheight-base","\u003csm":"lineheight-base"}},"item-title-imageright-big-story":{"mb":"0.5rem","\u0026:after":{},"display":"inline","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-47","md":"font-size-41","\u003csm":"font-size-31"},"fontFamily":"HeadlineSecondary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-xs","md":"lineheight-xs","\u003csm":"lineheight-xs"}},"item-byline-imageright-big-story":{"mt":"m","pr":"xxs","color":"black","display":"block"},"item-publish-date-big-story-feed":{"color":"greyXxdark","display":"block"},"item-byline-column-big-story-feed":{"display":"block"},"item-label-noimage-big-story-feed":{"mb":"m"},"item-publish-date-under-big-story":{"color":"black","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-11","md":"font-size-11","\u003csm":"font-size-11"},"lineHeight":{"md":"lineheight-md","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm","leg":"lineheight-base"}},"item-publish-date-noimage-big-story":{"color":"white","display":"block"},"item-imagelink-column-big-story-feed":{"mb":{"l":"0","m":"0","s":"0"}},"item-publish-date-under-ad-big-story":{"color":"white"},"title-design-element-secondary-after":{"bg":"brandColorSecondary","width":"3rem","height":"0.75rem","margin":"0.75rem auto","content":"''","display":"block"},"item-publish-date-imageright-big-story":{"color":"black","display":"inline-block"},"item-publish-date-column-big-story-feed":{"display":"block"},"item-column-right-basefeed-big-story-feed":{"mb":{"md":"s","\u003csm":"0"},"ml":{"md":"0","\u003csm":"-1rem"},"mt":{"md":"0","\u003csm":"s"},"h2 span":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorQuarternary"}}},"item-title-noimage-feature-big-story-feed":{"mb":{"lg":"0.02rem","md":"0.02rem","\u003csm":"0.02rem"},"display":"inline","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-16","md":"font-size-16","\u003csm":"font-size-16"},"textAlign":"left","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-xs","md":"lineheight-xs","\u003csm":"lineheight-xs"}},"item-title-stacked-feature-big-story-feed":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorQuarternary"},"display":"inline","fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-47","md":"font-size-38","\u003csm":"font-size-35"},"fontFamily":"HeadlineSecondary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-xs","md":"lineheight-xs","\u003csm":"lineheight-xs"}},"item-byline-noimage-feature-big-story-feed":{"mt":{"md":"0","sm\u003e":"0"},"pr":"xs","color":"black","display":{"md":"inline","\u003csm":"block","sm\u003e":"block"}},"item-byline-stacked-feature-big-story-feed":{},"item-title-noimage-basefeed-big-story-feed":{"mb":{"lg":"0.02rem","md":"0.02rem","\u003csm":"0.02rem"},"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-16","md":"font-size-16","\u003csm":"font-size-16"},"textAlign":"left","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-sm","md":"lineheight-sm","\u003csm":"lineheight-sm"}},"item-title-stacked-basefeed-big-story-feed":{"\u0026:hover":{"color":"brandColorQuarternary"},"fontSize":{"lg":"font-size-18","md":"font-size-18","\u003csm":"font-size-17"},"fontFamily":"HeadlineTertiary","lineHeight":{"lg":"lineheight-xs","md":"lineheight-xs","\u003csm":"lineheight-xs"}},"item-byline-noimage-basefeed-big-story-feed":{"mt":{"md":"0","\u003csm":"xs","sm\u003e":"0"},"pr":"xs","color":"black","display":{"md":"inline","\u003csm":"block","sm\u003e":"block"}},"item-byline-stacked-basefeed-big-story-feed":{"color":"greyXxdark","display":"block"},"block-header-column-after-title-three-column":{"content":"'//'","display":"inline","letterspacing":"letter-spacing-20"},"item-column-right-basefeed-ad-big-story-feed":{"mb":{"\u003csm":"s"}},"block-header-column-before-title-three-column":{"left":"-{xxs}","content":"'//'","display":"inline"},"item-publish-date-noimage-feature-big-story-feed":{"mt":{"md":"0","\u003csm":"0.2rem","sm\u003e":"0.2rem"},"color":"black","display":{"md":"inline","\u003csm":"block","sm\u003e":"block"},"\u0026:before":{"margin":"{0.2rem} {xs} {0.05rem} {0}"}},"item-publish-date-stacked-feature-big-story-feed":{"display":"block"},"item-publish-date-noimage-basefeed-big-story-feed":{"color":"black","display":{"md":"inline","\u003csm":"inline","sm\u003e":"inline"},"\u0026:before":{"margin":"{0.2rem} {xs} {0.05rem} {0}"}},"overlay-item-slide-number-portrait":{"color":"white","fontSize":"font-size-14","fontFamily":"primary","fontWeight":"bold","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"overlay-item-slide-number-landscape":{"color":"white","fontSize":"font-size-14","fontFamily":"primary","fontWeight":"bold","lineHeight":"lineheight-sm"},"title-design-element-editorial-links-header-after":{"bg":"black","mb":"xxs","top":"-0.4rem","height":"0.125rem","zIndex":"-1","content":"''","display":"block","position":"relative"}},"elevation":{"nav":"6000000","base":"0","gate":"14000000","drawer":"8000000","raised":"2000000","subnav":"4000000","sunken":"-2000000","overlay":"10000000","floating":"12000000"},"fontSizes":{"font-size-11":"0.001","font-size-12":"0.170157","font-size-13":"0.36758","font-size-14":"0.55034","font-size-15":"0.72049","font-size-16":"0.879669","font-size-17":"1.02919","font-size-18":"1.17016","font-size-19":"1.3035","font-size-20":"1.43","font-size-21":"1.55034","font-size-22":"1.66507","font-size-23":"1.7747","font-size-24":"1.87967","font-size-25":"1.98035","font-size-26":"2.07708","font-size-27":"2.17016","font-size-28":"2.25985","font-size-29":"2.3464","font-size-30":"2.43001","font-size-31":"2.51088","font-size-32":"2.58918","font-size-33":"2.66507","font-size-34":"2.7387","font-size-35":"2.81019","font-size-36":"2.87967","font-size-37":"2.94724","font-size-38":"3.01301","font-size-39":"3.07708","font-size-40":"3.13952","font-size-41":"3.20042","font-size-42":"3.25985","font-size-43":"3.31788","font-size-44":"3.37458","font-size-45":"3.43001","font-size-46":"3.48422","font-size-47":"3.53726","font-size-48":"3.58918","font-size-49":"3.64003","font-size-50":"3.68986","font-size-52":"3.78659","font-size-54":"3.87967","font-size-56":"3.96936","font-size-58":"4.05591","font-size-60":"4.13952","font-size-62":"4.22039","font-size-64":"4.29869","font-size-70":"4.5197","font-size-80":"4.84903","font-size-96":"5.29869","font-size-112":"5.67887"},"scaleRatio":1.5,"lineHeights":{"lg":"1.4","md":"1.3","sm":"1.2","xs":"1.1","xlg":"1.5","xxs":"1","large":"1.5","small":"1.2","medium":"1.3","normal":{"size":"10","minLinePadding":"5","roundToNearestHalfLine":"false"},"lineheight-lg":"1.4","lineheight-md":"1.3","lineheight-sm":"1.2","lineheight-xs":"1.1","lineheight-max":"2","lineheight-xlg":"1.5","lineheight-base":"1","lineheight-xxlg":"1.6","lineheight-xxxlg":"1.8","lineheight-xsmall":"0.9","lineheight-xxsmall":"0.8"},"borderWidths":{"thin":"0.0625rem","thick":"0.3125rem","medium":"0.19rem","border-m":"0.3125rem","border-s":"0.19rem","border-lg":"0.625rem","border-ml":"0.375rem","border-xs":"0.125rem","border-mlg":"0.5rem","border-xxs":"0.0625rem","border-none":"0"},"fontFamilies":{"Inter":{"src":["static/fonts/inter-v3-latin-regular.woff2",{"defaults":false}],"variants":{"weight:700":{"src":"static/fonts/inter-v3-latin-700.woff2"}}},"Charter":{"src":["static/fonts/e38fddd1-89a4-4995-9f7f-3c701b2e62f1.woff2",{"defaults":false}],"variants":{"weight:bold":{"src":"static/fonts/74c2aebb-af4a-4c7d-a7f5-2db2c73334eb.woff2"},"style:italic":{"src":"static/fonts/e4fc2e26-0ce1-4e6c-bb35-330c133f041c.woff2"}}},"CharterBold":{"src":["static/fonts/74c2aebb-af4a-4c7d-a7f5-2db2c73334eb.woff2",{"defaults":false}],"variants":{"style:italic":{"src":"static/fonts/8d8c24cd-7112-47d5-9f8d-a9063ad51341.woff2"}}},"Placard":{"src":["static/fonts/a8279a17-0be8-479f-b2b7-0b2adea89858.woff2",{"defaults":false}]},"UnitedSans":{"src":["static/fonts/UnitedSansCdBk.woff2",{"defaults":false}]},"SimplonMono":{"src":["static/fonts/SimplonMono-Regular-WebXL.woff2",{"defaults":false}]},"FreightSansW01":{"src":["static/fonts/84efe8b8-d2b9-464c-93b4-1237a3cb52c3.woff2",{"defaults":false}],"variants":{"weight:bold":{"src":"static/fonts/149b5d44-0082-428a-8b55-bbb8071c62af.woff2"}}}},"fontSettings":{"base":"0.7"},"letterSpacings":{"letter-spacing-1":"0.0075rem","letter-spacing-2":"0.015rem","letter-spacing-3":"0.0225rem","letter-spacing-4":"0.03rem","letter-spacing-5":"0.0375rem","letter-spacing-6":"0.045rem","letter-spacing-8":"0.06rem","letter-spacing-10":"0.075rem","letter-spacing-20":"0.15rem","letter-spacing-30":"0.3rem","letter-spacing-40":"0.4rem","letter-spacing-n1":"-0.0075rem","letter-spacing-n2":"-0.015rem","letter-spacing-n3":"-0.0225rem","letter-spacing-n4":"-0.03rem","letter-spacing-n5":"-0.0375rem","letter-spacing-n6":"-0.045rem","letter-spacing-n8":"-0.06rem","letter-spacing-n10":"-0.075rem","letter-spacing-n48":"-0.15rem","letter-spacing-n60":"-0.188rem","letter-spacing-n80":"-0.25rem","letter-spacing-base":"0"}}}]},"lang_tag":"en-US","displayType":"listicle","layoutContextProps":{"siteData":{"bookmarksConfig":{"signInButton":"Sign in","signUpButton":"Sign up","accountMenuLabel":"My Bookmarks","articleSaveButtonLabel":"Save Article","authenticationModalDek":"Create an account and you’ll be able to save and revisit articles. It’s free!","articleUnsaveButtonLabel":"Saved!","authenticationModalTitle":"Want to save this article?"},"brand":{"name":"Popular Mechanics","slug":"popularmechanics"},"locale":{"country":"US","name":"United States"},"metadata":{"adConfig":{"bu":"HDM","site":"popularmechanics","zone":"/36117602/hdm-popularmechanics/","bidders":{"IX":{"d":{"ga":"670278","gb":"670282","la":"670277","lb":"670283","brk":"670280","garb":"670279","brkrr":"670281"},"m":{"ga":"670284","gb":"670285","lb":"670287","adh":"670288","brk":"670286"},"v":"942443"},"APN":{"d":{"ga":"10583173","gb":"10583174","la":"10583175","lb":"10583176","brk":"14483476","garb":"14355616","brkrr":"14483475"},"m":{"ga":"10583181","gb":"10583183","lb":"10583184","adh":"16121061","brk":"14665711"},"v":"14741856"},"KAR":{"m":{"gb":"_i4hz9fRkrY","lb":"_i5YWceu6P7","adh":"_sfKO1a02wC","gabrk":"_jK5-pqaWssg"},"v":"_yfkIuduIfH"},"MAG":{"d":{"ga":"2040688","gb":"2040698","la":"2040686","lb":"2040700","brk":"2040692","garb":"2040690","brkrr":"2040696"},"m":{"ga":"2040702","gb":"2040704","lb":"2040708","adh":"2040710","brk":"2040706"},"v":"2731522","siteId":"369890","accountId":"11636"},"TDS":{"d":{"tdsArt":"112044","tdsBrk":"112043"},"m":{"tdsArt":"112043"},"pageId":"103520","pageIdDesktop300":"113871"},"TPL":{"d":{"ga":"popularmechanics_templated_300x400_atf_PB","gb":"popularmechanics_templated_300x400_btf_PB","lb":"popularmechanics_970x250_btf_PB","brkrr":"popularmechanics_templated_300x400_breaker_PB","la728":"popularmechanics_728x90_HDX_PB","la970":"popularmechanics_970x250_PB"},"m":{"ga":"popularmechanics_templated_300x250_flex_atf_m_PB","lb":"popularmechanics_templated_300x250_flex_btf_m_PB","adh":"PopularMechanics_320x50_HDX_PB","brk":"popularmechanics_templated_300x250_flex_breaker_m_PB"}},"TTD":{"d":{"ttd":"desktop"},"m":{"ttd":"mobile"},"v":"video","siteId":"hdm-popularmechanics","supplySourceId":"hearstmagazines"},"AMZN":"3049","APNhdmuk":{"d":{"ga":"23459041","gb":"23459042","la":"23459043","lb":"23459044","brk":"23459048","brkrr":"23459049"},"m":{"ga":"23459045","gb":"23459046","lb":"23459047","brk":"23459050"},"v":"23459051"}},"modules":{"ias":{"pubId":"931694"},"sst":{"server":"www-sst.popularmechanics.com"},"meta":{"id":"690796760981964","cur":"USD"},"optable":{"slug":"prod-popularmechanics-com","geoWhitelist":["US"]},"parsely":{"siteId":"popularmechanics.com"},"actionIQ":{"writeKey":"mediaos-popularmechanics-prod","cnameRecord":"https://aiq-in.popularmechanics.com","geoWhitelist":["US"]},"comscore":{"c2":6035258},"oneTrust":{"doNotSellUrlOverride":"/about/a42158909/do-not-sell-my-personal-information/"},"sailthru":{"ids":{"production":"e36a7774743e8dedc27b5cc8d4241a95"}},"truedata":{"ep":"td.popularmechanics.com","cid":"10458","scid":"115"},"permutive":{"apiKey":"7d237500-e85c-4846-9eb8-5635df7b050c","locale":"US","currency":"USD","workspaceId":"eb036676-52ea-47b5-a2f6-fcfb4ece9c00","geoWhitelist":"US"},"optimizely":{"webSnippetId":"21018620252","webSnippetKey":"us_popularmechanics"},"trueAnthem":"hearst","blockthrough":{"id":"6316821519007744"},"brandMetrics":{"siteId":"popularmechanics.com","accountId":"a6a45799-d06f-4cce-9dd7-4a947f7e7816"},"googleAnalytics":{"measurementId":"G-FB55WFVWBS"}},"adBundle":[],"settings":{"mgu":1,"mobileStickyAds":true,"enableVerityTags":true},"siteList":["www.popularmechanics.com"]},"alternate_display_name":"","ciam":{"clientId":"35hrtv401vr6kfniu4r980hkda","loginURL":"https://www.mylo.id"},"commerce":{"cons":"Cons","pros":"Pros","affiliate":{"url":"https://assets.hearstapps.com/commerce/release/affiliate-bundle.master.js","amazon":{"market":"HMG-US","default":{"sem":"pop-lift-20","tag":"popularmechanics_auto-append-20","icxId":"10060","social":"pop-soc-lift-20"}},"skimlinks":{"market":"HMG-US","default":{"url":"//s.skimresources.com/js/74968X1525083.skimlinks.js"}},"trackonomics":{"cipd2":"pop"}}},"copyright":"Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.","disclaimerLink":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/about/a29149305/popular-mechanics-gear-reviews/","domain":"popularmechanics.com","icxSiteId":"10060","networkName":"Hearst Men's and Enthusiast Media Group","networkTagLine":"A Part of Hearst Digital Media","oneTrustDomainId":"4a26cfdb-2c0c-40f8-972f-558d4bebc170","optimizely":{"webSnippetId":"21018620252","webSnippetKey":"us_popularmechanics"},"payWallSchema":{"freeTags":["most-popular"]},"siteAcronym":"POP","social":{"networks":{"x":{"socialUrl":"https://twitter.com/PopMech"},"line":[],"qzone":[],"weibo":[],"douyin":[],"tiktok":{"socialUrl":"https://www.tiktok.com/@popularmechanics?lang=en"},"tumblr":[],"twitter":{"handle":"@PopMech","socialUrl":"https://twitter.com/PopMech"},"youtube":{"socialUrl":"https://www.youtube.com/c/popularmechanics?sub_confirmation=1"},"facebook":{"appId":"218456798186610","socialUrl":"https://www.facebook.com/popularmechanics"},"instagram":{"socialUrl":"https://www.instagram.com/popularmechanics/"},"pinterest":{"socialUrl":"https://www.pinterest.com/popmech/?auto_follow=1"},"googleplus":{"socialUrl":"https://plus.google.com/+PopularMechanics","webmasterTools":"98saqo61zkfl_yfZaXKLgLkazlZwpUcMCkqCFEO-O18"}}},"spotim":{"id":{"prod":"sp_1hqeZC3F"},"ssotoken":{"prod":"03200723OZddwv.65a1cbf5f38a1b682f56d6ff0207ca33a16e845a4eecff12e18a1891d997ed48"}}}},"canonicalUrl":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/g1317/step-inside-the-russian-spacesuit-factory/","config_ds":{},"isAdsFree":false,"isCDN":true,"isGDPR":false,"isHomePage":false,"isLoggedIn":false,"isUSUserLocation":false,"menuItems":[{"title":"Footer","children":[{"id":"0009ec5b-7dc1-4921-b2dc-079298c1d647","title":"Newsletter","url":"/newsletter","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"64440799-199f-4019-8620-de89db9e45ca","title":"About Us","url":"/about/a45/about-us/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"5760c998-eac2-4f7c-8aad-432be219428c","title":"Media Kit","url":"http://www.popularmechanicsmediakit.com/r5/home.asp","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"c1bc9c52-ae9b-42b7-90ac-b5b4e372ef64","title":"Writer Guidelines","url":"/about/a34246962/how-to-pitch-popular-mechanics/","new_tab":true,"nofollow":false},{"id":"afcaed6e-b75c-41d5-8b69-e46eb854b7d7","title":"Press Room","url":"http://www.hearst.com/newsroom","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"0fc2d8f1-7593-4535-88c0-a46c974ae57a","title":"Contact Us","url":"/about/a2922/contact-us/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"75cea4b1-b692-48ab-a982-a3490a33a565","title":"Community Guidelines","url":"/about/a3024/community-guidelines/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"61f49ba9-fda0-4dbc-870e-fefeb7a6d6d5","title":"Advertise Online","url":"https://www.advertising.hearstmagazines.com/brands/popular-mechanics","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"466ac8c5-e390-4f7c-af98-f10b797bcc71","title":"Customer Service","url":"/service","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"fcaa3791-51fa-46e0-bd4a-f121c2549089","title":"Subscribe","url":"https://shop.popularmechanics.com/popular-mechanics-all-access-2.html?cds_tracking_code=popfooter","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"ee0a204d-6fb6-4cf9-8c83-d8b8653e2498","title":"Other Hearst Subscriptions","url":"http://subscribe.hearstmags.com/circulation/shared/index.html","new_tab":false,"nofollow":true},{"id":"effd3199-b399-436c-ad15-3b4c27c5c700","title":"Give a Gift","url":"https://subscribe.hearstmags.com/subscribe/splits/popularmechanics/pop_gift_nav_link?source=pop_gift_nav_footer","new_tab":false,"nofollow":true}]},{"title":"Panel","children":[{"id":"ef0da9c6-3cd4-4b51-b367-085bb3c5792d","title":"Pop Mech Pro","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/about/a40180523/pop-mech-pro-membership-news-benefits/","new_tab":true,"nofollow":false,"children":[{"id":"55847985-30fb-41ef-8a49-70701e98970b","title":"Exclusive Stories","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/popmechpro/","new_tab":true,"nofollow":false},{"id":"6e461ba8-7e6c-4111-8f03-d626b5abb36a","title":"Download Digital Issues","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/promotions/a40118846/download-exclusive-pop-mech-digital-issues/","new_tab":true,"nofollow":false},{"id":"f481d465-7025-4212-b9b3-9b2ddfc452f1","title":"Membership Perks","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/about/a46147319/pop-mech-pro-membership/","new_tab":true,"nofollow":false}]},{"id":"5d522311-6b92-4529-a1c9-62c6e3247f2c","title":"Subscribe","url":"https://shop.popularmechanics.com/popular-mechanics-all-access-2.html?cds_tracking_code=poppanelnav","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"675b2acf-979f-4596-89fa-2ef0acdf9673","title":"Home and DIY","url":"/home/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"bb638c6f-f5e2-48f6-b93c-682fc6df7a90","title":"Power Tools","url":"/home/tools/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"b276a6a4-90c7-478c-a0f0-182827121f21","title":"Cars","url":"/cars/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"74e505a0-facd-4668-84ea-ecb21574f7b7","title":"Technology","url":"/technology/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"842fba39-6eb4-429b-9ae7-21fce78f164d","title":"Military","url":"/military/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"bf8482b1-f757-45f6-a164-d413c06d09d8","title":"Science","url":"/science/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"7cd59686-2207-4a5d-83eb-50ad06bd3d09","title":"Adventure","url":"/adventure/","new_tab":true,"nofollow":false},{"id":"2bd6edc9-61b0-4091-9632-6cb45ab9ff5a","title":"Sci-Fi","url":"/culture/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"d5b101f7-48a1-4c99-99ab-f7c5063d860b","title":"Airplanes","url":"/flight/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"cad81b18-3b87-4ea1-8a23-2bc5f4bfd504","title":"Space","url":"/space/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"d196c895-cee9-42a5-95fa-0c0db5727939","title":"Gifts","url":"/holiday-gift-guide/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"6b4f6a73-75c4-4d50-a340-69591c3dc3d7","title":"Sales \u0026 Deals","url":"/sales-and-deals/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"283890c8-d252-4f4d-88a8-9d724cda9b69","title":"Visual Stories","url":"/interactive/stories/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"bac8c801-3f68-4a82-b026-f27d8fd2dbb2","title":"Promotions","url":"/promotions/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"28692a17-024b-47b8-858e-b6d5c308167d","title":"Shop","url":"https://shop.popularmechanics.com/?source=pop_hamburger","new_tab":true,"nofollow":false},{"id":"ee8bbdc5-55cb-475b-af1c-ad54f827a0d4","title":"Follow","url":"#follow","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false,"children":[{"id":"7b7ca70f-6999-4606-954b-e5eb8bf517d3","title":"Facebook","url":"https://www.facebook.com/popularmechanics","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"b8ee5f31-be00-4dcb-858f-4e339b5bee61","title":"Instagram","url":"https://www.instagram.com/popularmechanics/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"a7a5433a-e53d-4dbe-933d-7b1313f9ec32","title":"Twitter","url":"https://twitter.com/PopMech","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"b8c330ed-3fe4-427c-a7e3-dcef69466fb3","title":"Pinterest","url":"https://www.pinterest.com/popmech/?auto_follow=1","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false},{"id":"b493c84f-53e4-454a-beef-0bfac730b5a1","title":"Youtube","url":"https://www.youtube.com/c/popularmechanics?sub_confirmation=1","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false}]},{"id":"8fe2b65e-0549-4e04-9b62-a434ed95d5db","title":"Get Our Newsletter","url":"https://popularmechanics.com/email/popularmechanics-newsletter","new_tab":true,"nofollow":false},{"id":"0a70c962-2243-467c-9d5d-483da1824955","title":"My Bookmarks","url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/my-stuff/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false}]},{"title":"Subscribe","children":[{"title":"Subscribe","url":"https://shop.popularmechanics.com/popular-mechanics-all-access-2.html?cds_tracking_code=poptopnav","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false}]},{"title":"Top"},{"title":"Footer-Legal","children":[{"id":"f028764e-f520-48e3-b556-c57c74a2a050","title":"Privacy Notice","url":"https://www.hearst.com/-/us-magazines-privacy-notice","new_tab":true,"nofollow":false},{"id":"560a25a1-f3f6-4ff2-af89-6d5bc3465f39","title":"CA Notice at Collection","url":"https://www.hearst.com/-/us-magazines-privacy-notice#_ADDITIONAL_INFO","new_tab":true,"nofollow":false},{"id":"fe0ce0dd-64f2-449b-b7e8-9dd012895b5b","title":"Your CA Privacy Rights/Shine the Light","url":"https://www.hearst.com/-/us-magazines-privacy-notice#_ADDITIONAL_INFO","new_tab":true,"nofollow":false},{"id":"ce1f7e8b-102f-4409-95ca-6ac268758653","title":"DAA Industry Opt Out","url":"https://www.hearst.com/-/us-magazines-privacy-notice#_OPT_OUTS","new_tab":true,"nofollow":false},{"id":"30764250-55af-4c25-923c-1250fa71771e","title":"Terms of Use","url":"https://www.hearst.com/-/us-magazines-terms-of-use","new_tab":true,"nofollow":false},{"id":"d24345bf-6856-41d6-a25a-9619de2a10e3","title":"Site Map","url":"/sitemap/","new_tab":false,"nofollow":false}]}],"menuLinks":{"Top":[{"id":"1932f37f-83ef-449b-8950-8af74dc0e0d0","title":"Home","url":"/home/","new_tab":false,"aria-current":false},{"id":"7dc9d8ec-e12a-4633-8c4b-ee833c960d2b","title":"Latest Stories","url":"/contenttype/news/","new_tab":true,"aria-current":false},{"id":"4f70b14a-5353-4831-964c-2a914d0d5854","title":"Science","url":"/science/","new_tab":false,"aria-current":false},{"id":"b332a81d-0316-45f1-bf04-43fa25ef466b","title":"Military","url":"/military/","new_tab":false,"aria-current":false},{"id":"f9030344-84e3-4a2f-aea9-285dfd6b5a57","title":"Pop Mech Pro","url":"/about/a40180523/pop-mech-pro-membership-news-benefits/","new_tab":false,"aria-current":false},{"id":"81cc099c-5e1d-4281-9350-d9c3c54a0338","title":"New Tech","url":"/technology/","new_tab":false,"aria-current":false}]},"pageId":"c06df8c3-a86c-4807-8add-360cf1f248e3","pageType":"content","selfHostedAffiliateEnabled":true,"siteId":"a4f9566a-1fd0-484c-b731-150b9bda9ffa","tagManager":{"dev":"mag-dev","default":"mag"},"tagOptions":{},"topTouts":{"484c3a96-8d41-4cc2-a279-cc7293b789cf":{"id":"484c3a96-8d41-4cc2-a279-cc7293b789cf","order":"0","link_text":"Best Gas Patio Heaters","frontend_link":"//www.popularmechanics.com/home/lawn-garden/g37854124/best-gas-patio-heaters/"},"5e043356-3157-40b4-89ef-3c44c4e4668a":{"id":"5e043356-3157-40b4-89ef-3c44c4e4668a","order":"4","link_text":"Mayan Calendar Mystery","frontend_link":"//www.popularmechanics.com/science/archaeology/a63052156/how-does-the-mayan-calendar-work/"},"6c7a3c6d-827f-4f5e-a1bf-ed2289fe71ce":{"id":"6c7a3c6d-827f-4f5e-a1bf-ed2289fe71ce","order":"3","link_text":"Genetic Time Machine","frontend_link":"//www.popularmechanics.com/science/animals/a63027645/chimpanzee-culture/"},"873932ab-4ac7-4243-8803-6285bce4e094":{"id":"873932ab-4ac7-4243-8803-6285bce4e094","order":"2","link_text":"Best Nerf Guns","frontend_link":"//www.popularmechanics.com/home/g46009463/best-nerf-guns/"},"b2739284-22d7-4412-a6ae-3b7e0a505125":{"id":"b2739284-22d7-4412-a6ae-3b7e0a505125","order":"1","link_text":"Wireless Surround Sound","frontend_link":"//www.popularmechanics.com/technology/audio/g38003019/best-wireless-surround-sound/"}},"video":{"gaVideoDiagTracking":"false","gaVideoBrandName":"Popular Mechanics","icxVideoDomainId":"7214"}},"alternates":[],"titleMarkup":{"children":[{"data":"Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory","type":"text"}],"type":"root"},"titleText":"Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory","dekDom":{"children":[{"data":"PopMech travels to Tomilino, Russia, to a factory that has been building Russian spacesuits for 60-plus years.","type":"text"}],"type":"root"},"introductoryTextDom":{"children":[{"children":[{"data":"PopMech travels to Tomilino, Russia, to a factory that has been building Russian spacesuits for 60-plus years.","type":"text"}],"name":"span","attribs":{},"type":"tag"}],"type":"root"},"slides":[{"image_id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1080,"role":1,"pathname":"/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","media_type":"image","width":1080,"created_at":"2022-03-11T17:13:21.435248Z","metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh","3x1":"1.00xw:0.334xh;0,0.324xh","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.667xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","5x1":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.395xh","6x4":"1.00xw:0.668xh;0,0.144xh","8x1":"0.667xw:0.0830xh;0.154xw,0.498xh","10x2":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.391xh","10x3":"1.00xw:0.301xh;0,0.346xh","10x5":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.234xh","16x9":"1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.564xw:1.00xh;0.219xw,0","18x11":"1.00xw:0.612xh;0,0.173xh"},"dek":"The town of Tomilino, some 16 miles southeast of Moscow, is rather unassuming about its role in the history of space exploration. A snack kiosk and a shaky sign for a bus stop are about all there is to greet a visitor getting off the commuter train. There is no statue of the world's first cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin, in his bright-orange spacesuit waving to earthlings after his successful landing. But that's a shame, because Tomilino is the home of the world's few workshops where space travelers can get their outfits.\r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\r\nEstablished in October 1952, top-secret Factory No. 918 developed all Russian spacesuits along with numerous life-support and safety systems, including catapult chairs for military pilots, various protective gear, and even space-based toilets and showers. With the work no longer classified, the company, renamed Zvezda (Star), carries on its unique and often dangerous experimental work for aviation and space here: Minutes after I passed through security into Zvezda's campus, a loud bang shook the air. \"A catapult just went off,\" my guide said. \r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\r\nMost of the out-of-this-world artifacts developed at Zvezda over its six-decade history are now displayed inside the company's recently renovated demo hall. Resembling an airlock of some interplanetary cruiser, this long gallery is lined with glass capsules that contain original spacesuits worn by pioneers of space exploration during their actual missions. \r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\r\n\u003cem\u003eAnatoly Zak is the publisher of \u003ca href=\"http://www.RussianSpaceWeb.com\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eRussianSpaceWeb.com\u003c/a\u003e and the author of \u003c/em\u003eRussia in Space, the Past Explained, the Future Explored\u003cem\u003e, just published by Apogee Prime.\u003c/em\u003e\r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e","headline":"Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory ","selected_crop":"2x1","skip_slide_numbering":"0","hide_social":true,"dekDom":{"children":[{"data":"The town of Tomilino, some 16 miles southeast of Moscow, is rather unassuming about its role in the history of space exploration. A snack kiosk and a shaky sign for a bus stop are about all there is to greet a visitor getting off the commuter train. There is no statue of the world's first cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin, in his bright-orange spacesuit waving to earthlings after his successful landing. But that's a shame, because Tomilino is the home of the world's few workshops where space travelers can get their outfits.\r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"data":"\r\nEstablished in October 1952, top-secret Factory No. 918 developed all Russian spacesuits along with numerous life-support and safety systems, including catapult chairs for military pilots, various protective gear, and even space-based toilets and showers. With the work no longer classified, the company, renamed Zvezda (Star), carries on its unique and often dangerous experimental work for aviation and space here: Minutes after I passed through security into Zvezda's campus, a loud bang shook the air. \"A catapult just went off,\" my guide said. \r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"data":"\r\nMost of the out-of-this-world artifacts developed at Zvezda over its six-decade history are now displayed inside the company's recently renovated demo hall. Resembling an airlock of some interplanetary cruiser, this long gallery is lined with glass capsules that contain original spacesuits worn by pioneers of space exploration during their actual missions. \r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"data":"\r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[{"data":"Anatoly Zak is the publisher of ","type":"text"},{"children":[{"data":"RussianSpaceWeb.com","type":"text"}],"name":"a","attribs":{"href":"http://www.RussianSpaceWeb.com","target":"_blank","data-vars-ga-outbound-link":"http://www.RussianSpaceWeb.com","data-vars-ga-ux-element":"Hyperlink","data-vars-ga-call-to-action":"RussianSpaceWeb.com","class":"body-link"},"type":"tag","response":{}},{"data":" and the author of ","type":"text"}],"name":"em","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"data":"Russia in Space, the Past Explained, the Future Explored","type":"text"},{"children":[{"data":", just published by Apogee Prime.","type":"text"}],"name":"em","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"data":"\r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"}],"type":"root"},"headlineDom":{"children":[{"data":"Step Inside the Russian Spacesuit Factory ","type":"text"}],"type":"root"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Image No Longer Available","seo_meta_description":"this image is not available"},"photographer":{"name":"Media Platforms Design Team"},"id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","media_id":"5c0ab105-a2e4-4c5c-a055-e659433b13c4"},{"image_id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1080,"role":1,"pathname":"/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","media_type":"image","width":1080,"created_at":"2022-03-11T17:12:48.461644Z","metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh","3x1":"1.00xw:0.334xh;0,0.324xh","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.667xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","5x1":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.395xh","6x4":"1.00xw:0.668xh;0,0.144xh","8x1":"0.667xw:0.0830xh;0.154xw,0.498xh","10x2":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.391xh","10x3":"1.00xw:0.301xh;0,0.346xh","10x5":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.234xh","16x9":"1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.564xw:1.00xh;0.219xw,0","18x11":"1.00xw:0.612xh;0,0.173xh"},"dek":"The USSR started its foray into space at the beginning of the 1950s by launching dogs on ballistic missiles into arc-shaped trajectories that touched the edge of space. For these flights, Factory No. 918 designed rocket-powered sleds and pressure suits complete with transparent helmets. These enabled a pair of dogs to eject and land safely under a parachute after their rocket had exhausted its fuel and began falling back to Earth. Sadly, some dogs did perish due to equipment failures, including the famous Laika, whose cabin (far right) was not designed to return from the first and only one-way mission into orbit launched by the USSR in November 1957.\r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e","headline":"","selected_crop":"4x3","skip_slide_numbering":"0","hide_social":true,"dekDom":{"children":[{"data":"The USSR started its foray into space at the beginning of the 1950s by launching dogs on ballistic missiles into arc-shaped trajectories that touched the edge of space. For these flights, Factory No. 918 designed rocket-powered sleds and pressure suits complete with transparent helmets. These enabled a pair of dogs to eject and land safely under a parachute after their rocket had exhausted its fuel and began falling back to Earth. Sadly, some dogs did perish due to equipment failures, including the famous Laika, whose cabin (far right) was not designed to return from the first and only one-way mission into orbit launched by the USSR in November 1957.\r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"}],"type":"root"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Image No Longer Available","seo_meta_description":"this image is not available"},"photographer":{"name":"Media Platforms Design Team"},"id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","media_id":"95dcee89-82b8-4080-ade5-daf39ec4321f"},{"image_id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1080,"role":1,"pathname":"/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","media_type":"image","width":1080,"created_at":"2022-03-11T17:12:52.803274Z","metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh","3x1":"1.00xw:0.334xh;0,0.324xh","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.667xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","5x1":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.395xh","6x4":"1.00xw:0.668xh;0,0.144xh","8x1":"0.667xw:0.0830xh;0.154xw,0.498xh","10x2":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.391xh","10x3":"1.00xw:0.301xh;0,0.346xh","10x5":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.234xh","16x9":"1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.564xw:1.00xh;0.219xw,0","18x11":"1.00xw:0.612xh;0,0.173xh"},"dek":"During the world's first orbital spaceflight, on April 12, 1961, Yuri Gagarin was riding the Vostok spacecraft in the V3A ejection seat and wore the SK-1 safety suit now both prominently displayed in the demo hall. However, after Gagarin's SK-1 suit was returned to its creators shortly after Vostok's landing, they had little appreciation for its historic value, seeing it only as another iteration in their unending race to improve flight gear. As a result, the priceless artifact ended up with two holes cut in the chest area, made by engineers pondering upgrades. \r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e","headline":"","selected_crop":"2x1","skip_slide_numbering":"0","hide_social":true,"dekDom":{"children":[{"data":"During the world's first orbital spaceflight, on April 12, 1961, Yuri Gagarin was riding the Vostok spacecraft in the V3A ejection seat and wore the SK-1 safety suit now both prominently displayed in the demo hall. However, after Gagarin's SK-1 suit was returned to its creators shortly after Vostok's landing, they had little appreciation for its historic value, seeing it only as another iteration in their unending race to improve flight gear. As a result, the priceless artifact ended up with two holes cut in the chest area, made by engineers pondering upgrades. \r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"}],"type":"root"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Image No Longer Available","seo_meta_description":"this image is not available"},"photographer":{"name":"Media Platforms Design Team"},"id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","media_id":"a4673782-ff37-498c-93d7-8e8fd24af6a9"},{"image_id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1080,"role":1,"pathname":"/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","media_type":"image","width":1080,"created_at":"2022-03-11T17:13:08.285091Z","metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh","3x1":"1.00xw:0.334xh;0,0.324xh","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.667xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","5x1":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.395xh","6x4":"1.00xw:0.668xh;0,0.144xh","8x1":"0.667xw:0.0830xh;0.154xw,0.498xh","10x2":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.391xh","10x3":"1.00xw:0.301xh;0,0.346xh","10x5":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.234xh","16x9":"1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.564xw:1.00xh;0.219xw,0","18x11":"1.00xw:0.612xh;0,0.173xh"},"dek":"According to Zvezda folklore, the flight jacket worn by the first woman in space, Valentina Tereshkova, during her difficult three-day mission 50 years ago did not survive a botched post-landing attempt by the company's technicians to machine wash it. However, its original Dove of Peace insignia was reportedly saved and sewn onto this similar garment now on display.\r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e","headline":"","selected_crop":"2x1","skip_slide_numbering":"0","hide_social":true,"dekDom":{"children":[{"data":"According to Zvezda folklore, the flight jacket worn by the first woman in space, Valentina Tereshkova, during her difficult three-day mission 50 years ago did not survive a botched post-landing attempt by the company's technicians to machine wash it. However, its original Dove of Peace insignia was reportedly saved and sewn onto this similar garment now on display.\r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"}],"type":"root"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Image No Longer Available","seo_meta_description":"this image is not available"},"photographer":{"name":"Media Platforms Design Team"},"id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","media_id":"f0234edb-249d-40f6-9b43-30f23b31b45a"},{"image_id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1080,"role":1,"pathname":"/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","media_type":"image","width":1080,"created_at":"2022-03-11T17:12:54.968364Z","metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh","3x1":"1.00xw:0.334xh;0,0.324xh","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.667xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","5x1":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.395xh","6x4":"1.00xw:0.668xh;0,0.144xh","8x1":"0.667xw:0.0830xh;0.154xw,0.498xh","10x2":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.391xh","10x3":"1.00xw:0.301xh;0,0.346xh","10x5":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.234xh","16x9":"1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.564xw:1.00xh;0.219xw,0","18x11":"1.00xw:0.612xh;0,0.173xh"},"dek":"Aleksei Leonov was wearing the Berkut spacesuit during the world's first spacewalk, taken from the Voskhod-2 spacecraft in March 1965. A 20-kilogram Berkut sported the first Soviet backpack life-support system, designated KP-55. The 21.5-kilogram unit could sustain a cosmonaut for 30 to 45 minutes during a spacewalk or in an emergency onboard the spacecraft.\r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e","headline":"","selected_crop":"2x1","skip_slide_numbering":"0","hide_social":true,"dekDom":{"children":[{"data":"Aleksei Leonov was wearing the Berkut spacesuit during the world's first spacewalk, taken from the Voskhod-2 spacecraft in March 1965. A 20-kilogram Berkut sported the first Soviet backpack life-support system, designated KP-55. The 21.5-kilogram unit could sustain a cosmonaut for 30 to 45 minutes during a spacewalk or in an emergency onboard the spacecraft.\r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"}],"type":"root"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Image No Longer Available","seo_meta_description":"this image is not available"},"photographer":{"name":"Media Platforms Design Team"},"id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","media_id":"78ef403a-6dd2-48ad-a2a6-3f765eadb729"},{"image_id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1080,"role":1,"pathname":"/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","media_type":"image","width":1080,"created_at":"2022-03-11T17:12:57.208269Z","metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh","3x1":"1.00xw:0.334xh;0,0.324xh","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.667xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","5x1":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.395xh","6x4":"1.00xw:0.668xh;0,0.144xh","8x1":"0.667xw:0.0830xh;0.154xw,0.498xh","10x2":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.391xh","10x3":"1.00xw:0.301xh;0,0.346xh","10x5":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.234xh","16x9":"1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.564xw:1.00xh;0.219xw,0","18x11":"1.00xw:0.612xh;0,0.173xh"},"dek":"During the 1960s, engineers at Factory No. 918 endeavored to resolve the out-of-this-world problem of cosmonauts maneuvering outside their spacecraft. The result was a Unit for Cosmonaut Transfer and Maneuvering, UMPK. This space bike was to be propelled by 84 solid-propellent motors and 14 cold-gas thrusters. It was to be tested during Voskhod-5 or Voskhod-6 missions. But both were cancelled, leaving the UMPK unit just a museum artifact.\r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e","headline":"","selected_crop":"2x1","skip_slide_numbering":"0","hide_social":true,"dekDom":{"children":[{"data":"During the 1960s, engineers at Factory No. 918 endeavored to resolve the out-of-this-world problem of cosmonauts maneuvering outside their spacecraft. The result was a Unit for Cosmonaut Transfer and Maneuvering, UMPK. This space bike was to be propelled by 84 solid-propellent motors and 14 cold-gas thrusters. It was to be tested during Voskhod-5 or Voskhod-6 missions. But both were cancelled, leaving the UMPK unit just a museum artifact.\r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"}],"type":"root"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Image No Longer Available","seo_meta_description":"this image is not available"},"photographer":{"name":"Media Platforms Design Team"},"id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","media_id":"a5343fa8-7739-4589-bae5-a34ca2194b68"},{"image_id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1080,"role":1,"pathname":"/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","media_type":"image","width":1080,"created_at":"2022-03-11T17:13:06.101545Z","metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh","3x1":"1.00xw:0.334xh;0,0.324xh","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.667xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","5x1":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.395xh","6x4":"1.00xw:0.668xh;0,0.144xh","8x1":"0.667xw:0.0830xh;0.154xw,0.498xh","10x2":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.391xh","10x3":"1.00xw:0.301xh;0,0.346xh","10x5":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.234xh","16x9":"1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.564xw:1.00xh;0.219xw,0","18x11":"1.00xw:0.612xh;0,0.173xh"},"dek":"The USSR developed a much more advanced personal maneuvering unit, called 21KS, during the 1980s. It was successfully tested onboard the Mir space station in February 1990, when a pair of cosmonauts took turns to fly 33 to 45 meters (more than 100 feet) from their orbital home. Unlike American astronauts who pioneered the use of a similar contraption onboard the space shuttle six years earlier, the Soviet cosmonauts remained tethered to the station. \r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e","headline":"","selected_crop":"2x1","skip_slide_numbering":"0","hide_social":true,"dekDom":{"children":[{"data":"The USSR developed a much more advanced personal maneuvering unit, called 21KS, during the 1980s. It was successfully tested onboard the Mir space station in February 1990, when a pair of cosmonauts took turns to fly 33 to 45 meters (more than 100 feet) from their orbital home. Unlike American astronauts who pioneered the use of a similar contraption onboard the space shuttle six years earlier, the Soviet cosmonauts remained tethered to the station. \r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"}],"type":"root"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Image No Longer Available","seo_meta_description":"this image is not available"},"photographer":{"name":"Media Platforms Design Team"},"id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","media_id":"68fd1c57-281a-448f-b9ba-d110bdfb8d6e"},{"image_id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1080,"role":1,"pathname":"/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","media_type":"image","width":1080,"created_at":"2022-03-11T17:12:44.076236Z","metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh","3x1":"1.00xw:0.334xh;0,0.324xh","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.667xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","5x1":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.395xh","6x4":"1.00xw:0.668xh;0,0.144xh","8x1":"0.667xw:0.0830xh;0.154xw,0.498xh","10x2":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.391xh","10x3":"1.00xw:0.301xh;0,0.346xh","10x5":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.234xh","16x9":"1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.564xw:1.00xh;0.219xw,0","18x11":"1.00xw:0.612xh;0,0.173xh"},"dek":"The development of the Buran, the Soviet equivalent of the space shuttle, posed new challenges for spacesuit designers. During early test launches of the winged spacecraft, Buran's pilots would sit in K-36RB ejection seats, ready to bail out in the event of a catastrophic failure up to an altitude of 40 kilometers. To protect the pilot from the enormous heat generated during a supersonic free-fall from the stratosphere, the Strizh spacesuit, seen here, had a leather-covered external layer. The Strizh could also protect pilots in case Buran's cabin was breached in orbit, giving the crew 12 to 24 hours to return their space plane back to Earth. During its development, one of the Strizh suits (second from the left) was placed in an unmanned Soyuz rocket and ejected in midflight in order to prove its design. However, the Buran spacecraft flew only one unmanned mission before the program stalled at the end of the Cold War.\r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e","headline":"","selected_crop":"4x3","skip_slide_numbering":"0","hide_social":true,"dekDom":{"children":[{"data":"The development of the Buran, the Soviet equivalent of the space shuttle, posed new challenges for spacesuit designers. During early test launches of the winged spacecraft, Buran's pilots would sit in K-36RB ejection seats, ready to bail out in the event of a catastrophic failure up to an altitude of 40 kilometers. To protect the pilot from the enormous heat generated during a supersonic free-fall from the stratosphere, the Strizh spacesuit, seen here, had a leather-covered external layer. The Strizh could also protect pilots in case Buran's cabin was breached in orbit, giving the crew 12 to 24 hours to return their space plane back to Earth. During its development, one of the Strizh suits (second from the left) was placed in an unmanned Soyuz rocket and ejected in midflight in order to prove its design. However, the Buran spacecraft flew only one unmanned mission before the program stalled at the end of the Cold War.\r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"}],"type":"root"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Image No Longer Available","seo_meta_description":"this image is not available"},"photographer":{"name":"Media Platforms Design Team"},"id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","media_id":"1db1a093-a1ed-4345-8d4d-015693ea1e2a"},{"image_id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1080,"role":1,"pathname":"/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","media_type":"image","width":1080,"created_at":"2022-03-11T17:13:17.065970Z","metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh","3x1":"1.00xw:0.334xh;0,0.324xh","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.667xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","5x1":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.395xh","6x4":"1.00xw:0.668xh;0,0.144xh","8x1":"0.667xw:0.0830xh;0.154xw,0.498xh","10x2":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.391xh","10x3":"1.00xw:0.301xh;0,0.346xh","10x5":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.234xh","16x9":"1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.564xw:1.00xh;0.219xw,0","18x11":"1.00xw:0.612xh;0,0.173xh"},"dek":"During a highly publicized MARS-500 experiment in 2011, a group of volunteers was locked up for a year and a half in a life-size mockup of a Mars-bound spacecraft. Although the group never truly left Earth, the project gave Russian engineers their first opportunity to practice building a spacesuit for walks on the surface of the Red Planet (left).\r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e","headline":"","selected_crop":"4x3","skip_slide_numbering":"0","hide_social":true,"dekDom":{"children":[{"data":"During a highly publicized MARS-500 experiment in 2011, a group of volunteers was locked up for a year and a half in a life-size mockup of a Mars-bound spacecraft. Although the group never truly left Earth, the project gave Russian engineers their first opportunity to practice building a spacesuit for walks on the surface of the Red Planet (left).\r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"}],"type":"root"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Image No Longer Available","seo_meta_description":"this image is not available"},"photographer":{"name":"Media Platforms Design Team"},"id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","media_id":"0ab1d632-95dd-48b4-9065-a1a3d7b58eea"},{"image_id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1080,"role":1,"pathname":"/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","media_type":"image","width":1080,"created_at":"2022-03-11T17:12:41.897524Z","metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh","3x1":"1.00xw:0.334xh;0,0.324xh","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.667xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","5x1":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.395xh","6x4":"1.00xw:0.668xh;0,0.144xh","8x1":"0.667xw:0.0830xh;0.154xw,0.498xh","10x2":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.391xh","10x3":"1.00xw:0.301xh;0,0.346xh","10x5":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.234xh","16x9":"1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.564xw:1.00xh;0.219xw,0","18x11":"1.00xw:0.612xh;0,0.173xh"},"dek":"They're much less glamorous but no less necessary than spacesuits. Space toilets of several generations have been built here. The museum display represents the ASU-8A device, whose key components were first developed for the Buran orbiter. Later, a modified version provided conveniences for the crew of the Mir space station. Although it was designed for a spacecraft with a crew of three to six, ASU-8A required a periodic replacement of waste containers (right), which would be loaded into departing cargo ships to burn up in the atmosphere along with other trash.\r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e","headline":"","selected_crop":"2x1","skip_slide_numbering":"0","hide_social":true,"dekDom":{"children":[{"data":"They're much less glamorous but no less necessary than spacesuits. Space toilets of several generations have been built here. The museum display represents the ASU-8A device, whose key components were first developed for the Buran orbiter. Later, a modified version provided conveniences for the crew of the Mir space station. Although it was designed for a spacecraft with a crew of three to six, ASU-8A required a periodic replacement of waste containers (right), which would be loaded into departing cargo ships to burn up in the atmosphere along with other trash.\r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"}],"type":"root"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Image No Longer Available","seo_meta_description":"this image is not available"},"photographer":{"name":"Media Platforms Design Team"},"id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","media_id":"11692982-0857-4136-9b90-2940125ceeb7"},{"image_id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1080,"role":1,"pathname":"/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","media_type":"image","width":1080,"created_at":"2022-03-11T17:12:46.260027Z","metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh","3x1":"1.00xw:0.334xh;0,0.324xh","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.667xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","5x1":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.395xh","6x4":"1.00xw:0.668xh;0,0.144xh","8x1":"0.667xw:0.0830xh;0.154xw,0.498xh","10x2":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.391xh","10x3":"1.00xw:0.301xh;0,0.346xh","10x5":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.234xh","16x9":"1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.564xw:1.00xh;0.219xw,0","18x11":"1.00xw:0.612xh;0,0.173xh"},"dek":"Engineers at Zvezda attempted to bring Soviet \"space hotels\" to a five-star level with the development of an orbital shower. It was first employed onboard the Salyut-6 space station, launched in 1977. However, veterans of the project admit that the hassle of using the water-hungry device rendered it impractical.\r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e","headline":"","selected_crop":"2x1","skip_slide_numbering":"0","hide_social":true,"dekDom":{"children":[{"data":"Engineers at Zvezda attempted to bring Soviet \"space hotels\" to a five-star level with the development of an orbital shower. It was first employed onboard the Salyut-6 space station, launched in 1977. However, veterans of the project admit that the hassle of using the water-hungry device rendered it impractical.\r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"}],"type":"root"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Image No Longer Available","seo_meta_description":"this image is not available"},"photographer":{"name":"Media Platforms Design Team"},"id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","media_id":"05f4756d-1731-43fe-979a-8bd8a0f9d7c4"},{"image_id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1080,"role":1,"pathname":"/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","media_type":"image","width":1080,"created_at":"2022-03-11T17:13:01.564366Z","metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh","3x1":"1.00xw:0.334xh;0,0.324xh","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.667xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","5x1":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.395xh","6x4":"1.00xw:0.668xh;0,0.144xh","8x1":"0.667xw:0.0830xh;0.154xw,0.498xh","10x2":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.391xh","10x3":"1.00xw:0.301xh;0,0.346xh","10x5":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.234xh","16x9":"1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.564xw:1.00xh;0.219xw,0","18x11":"1.00xw:0.612xh;0,0.173xh"},"dek":"Russia's spacefaring past and future meet inside Zvezda's vast centrifuge room. Currently undergoing renovations for the future development work, the facility was once a backdrop for the iconic footage of Yuri Gagarin enduring a dizzying centrifuge spin. \r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e","headline":"","selected_crop":"4x3","skip_slide_numbering":"0","hide_social":true,"dekDom":{"children":[{"data":"Russia's spacefaring past and future meet inside Zvezda's vast centrifuge room. Currently undergoing renovations for the future development work, the facility was once a backdrop for the iconic footage of Yuri Gagarin enduring a dizzying centrifuge spin. \r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"}],"type":"root"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Image No Longer Available","seo_meta_description":"this image is not available"},"photographer":{"name":"Media Platforms Design Team"},"id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","media_id":"a9ae1e37-ce04-4d00-a639-e642d9bfd050"},{"image_id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1080,"role":1,"pathname":"/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","media_type":"image","width":1080,"created_at":"2022-03-11T17:13:14.903411Z","metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh","3x1":"1.00xw:0.334xh;0,0.324xh","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.667xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","5x1":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.395xh","6x4":"1.00xw:0.668xh;0,0.144xh","8x1":"0.667xw:0.0830xh;0.154xw,0.498xh","10x2":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.391xh","10x3":"1.00xw:0.301xh;0,0.346xh","10x5":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.234xh","16x9":"1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.564xw:1.00xh;0.219xw,0","18x11":"1.00xw:0.612xh;0,0.173xh"},"dek":"The latest incarnation of the Orlan spacesuit undergoes final checks before its delivery to the International Space Station, where it would be used for multiple ventures onto the exterior of the orbiting outpost staged from the Russian segment of the ISS.\r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e","headline":"","selected_crop":"4x3","skip_slide_numbering":"0","hide_social":true,"dekDom":{"children":[{"data":"The latest incarnation of the Orlan spacesuit undergoes final checks before its delivery to the International Space Station, where it would be used for multiple ventures onto the exterior of the orbiting outpost staged from the Russian segment of the ISS.\r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"}],"type":"root"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Image No Longer Available","seo_meta_description":"this image is not available"},"photographer":{"name":"Media Platforms Design Team"},"id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","media_id":"c10700fd-1ea2-4d8d-8d3b-c3cbf7875e3f"},{"image_id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1080,"role":1,"pathname":"/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","media_type":"image","width":1080,"created_at":"2022-03-11T17:12:59.380797Z","metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh","3x1":"1.00xw:0.334xh;0,0.324xh","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.667xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","5x1":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.395xh","6x4":"1.00xw:0.668xh;0,0.144xh","8x1":"0.667xw:0.0830xh;0.154xw,0.498xh","10x2":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.391xh","10x3":"1.00xw:0.301xh;0,0.346xh","10x5":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.234xh","16x9":"1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.564xw:1.00xh;0.219xw,0","18x11":"1.00xw:0.612xh;0,0.173xh"},"dek":"Spacesuits designed for spacewalks can be tested inside a 50-cubic-meter KS-5411 vacuum chamber that mimics conditions in space. The facility was once used to prepare a welding experiment, which was later repeated onboard the Salyut-7 space station.\r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e","headline":"","selected_crop":"4x3","skip_slide_numbering":"0","hide_social":true,"dekDom":{"children":[{"data":"Spacesuits designed for spacewalks can be tested inside a 50-cubic-meter KS-5411 vacuum chamber that mimics conditions in space. The facility was once used to prepare a welding experiment, which was later repeated onboard the Salyut-7 space station.\r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"}],"type":"root"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Image No Longer Available","seo_meta_description":"this image is not available"},"photographer":{"name":"Media Platforms Design Team"},"id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","media_id":"11e2e243-9dfb-4109-ac98-d16394be372c"},{"image_id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1080,"role":1,"pathname":"/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","media_type":"image","width":1080,"created_at":"2022-03-11T17:13:03.770699Z","metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh","3x1":"1.00xw:0.334xh;0,0.324xh","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.667xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","5x1":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.395xh","6x4":"1.00xw:0.668xh;0,0.144xh","8x1":"0.667xw:0.0830xh;0.154xw,0.498xh","10x2":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.391xh","10x3":"1.00xw:0.301xh;0,0.346xh","10x5":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.234xh","16x9":"1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.564xw:1.00xh;0.219xw,0","18x11":"1.00xw:0.612xh;0,0.173xh"},"dek":"All cosmonauts (and now astronauts) preparing to fly on board Soyuz spacecraft undergo a risky test inside the vacuum chamber at Zvezda. The procedure aims to familiarize Soyuz crew members with \"space-grade\" vacuum and demonstrate protective capabilities of their Sokol rescue suits. Ironically, Soyuz crews will never experience vacuum conditions during a real flight unless their spacecraft is hit with a catastrophic failure leading to a loss of pressure in the cabin. When this photo was taken, a European astronaut scheduled to fly to the ISS was undergoing the test inside the chamber. A medical emergency team was on standby in the same room.\r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e","headline":"","selected_crop":"4x3","skip_slide_numbering":"0","hide_social":true,"dekDom":{"children":[{"data":"All cosmonauts (and now astronauts) preparing to fly on board Soyuz spacecraft undergo a risky test inside the vacuum chamber at Zvezda. The procedure aims to familiarize Soyuz crew members with \"space-grade\" vacuum and demonstrate protective capabilities of their Sokol rescue suits. Ironically, Soyuz crews will never experience vacuum conditions during a real flight unless their spacecraft is hit with a catastrophic failure leading to a loss of pressure in the cabin. When this photo was taken, a European astronaut scheduled to fly to the ISS was undergoing the test inside the chamber. A medical emergency team was on standby in the same room.\r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"}],"type":"root"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Image No Longer Available","seo_meta_description":"this image is not available"},"photographer":{"name":"Media Platforms Design Team"},"id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","media_id":"f5c25be4-f79d-456a-9826-c873895d56bd"},{"image_id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","hips_url":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","hips_prefix":"hmg-prod","height":1080,"role":1,"pathname":"/images/legacy-fre-image-placeholder-1645192942.png","media_type":"image","width":1080,"created_at":"2022-03-11T17:12:50.634967Z","metadata":{"crops":{"1x1":"1xw:1xh;center,top","2x1":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.238xh","3x1":"1.00xw:0.334xh;0,0.324xh","4x3":"1xw:0.75xh;center,top","4x6":"0.667xw:1.00xh;0.167xw,0","5x1":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.395xh","6x4":"1.00xw:0.668xh;0,0.144xh","8x1":"0.667xw:0.0830xh;0.154xw,0.498xh","10x2":"1.00xw:0.201xh;0,0.391xh","10x3":"1.00xw:0.301xh;0,0.346xh","10x5":"1.00xw:0.501xh;0,0.234xh","16x9":"1.00xw:0.564xh;0,0.198xh","8x10":"0.8xw:1xh;center,top","9x16":"0.564xw:1.00xh;0.219xw,0","18x11":"1.00xw:0.612xh;0,0.173xh"},"dek":"Relying on 60 years of experience in designing cosmonaut chairs for Russia's spacecraft, engineers at Zvezda are currently working on a new seating arrangement for the next-generation spacecraft. They used a cutting-edge 3D printing technology to produce this full-scale prototype of the chair, dubbed Cheget after a mountain in the Caucasus range. Still, the chair could go through many incarnations before the final design emerges.\r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e","headline":"","selected_crop":"2x1","skip_slide_numbering":"0","hide_social":true,"dekDom":{"children":[{"data":"Relying on 60 years of experience in designing cosmonaut chairs for Russia's spacecraft, engineers at Zvezda are currently working on a new seating arrangement for the next-generation spacecraft. They used a cutting-edge 3D printing technology to produce this full-scale prototype of the chair, dubbed Cheget after a mountain in the Caucasus range. Still, the chair could go through many incarnations before the final design emerges.\r\n","type":"text"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"},{"children":[],"name":"br","attribs":{},"type":"tag"}],"type":"root"}},"image_metadata":{"seo_meta_title":"Image No Longer Available","seo_meta_description":"this image is not available"},"photographer":{"name":"Media Platforms Design Team"},"id":"2aa9898f-991e-4de9-918f-425a29d067d6","media_id":"83a44132-2b5d-4f61-8d0c-22ad175e4c79"}],"hasContentProducts":false,"hasContentProductLinks":false,"introductoryText":"PopMech travels to Tomilino, Russia, to a factory that has been building Russian spacesuits for 60-plus years.","contentProductLinks":{},"products":{},"template":{"variants":{"ContentHeaderTextareaContainer":"content-header-text-only-lead-image","ContentHeaderPublishDate":"left-align-publish-date","ContentHeaderByLineContainer":"left-align-byline-container-text-only","ActionBlock":"left-align-action-block","BreadcrumbsList":"left-align-breadcrumb","ByLineName":"left-align-byline","ContentDek":"left-align-content-dek","AffiliateDisclaimerBar":"repositioned-disclaimer"},"leadImageDefaultCrop":"2x1","addHiddenBreadcrumbsItem":true}},"__N_SSP":true,"appProps":{"providerData":{"scopeManager":{"scopes":{"@site":"popularmechanics_en-us","@locale":"en-us","@brand":"popularmechanics","@client":"hdm","@app":"fre"},"asset":"/_assets/design-tokens","media":"/design-tokens","selected":{"865286506100759643":{"scope":"popularmechanics","hash":"ee0d102","metadata":{}},"1079308378307794078":{"scope":"popularmechanics","hash":"5d5fa0d","metadata":{}},"794597151307794078":{"scope":"(NOT_SET)"},"1621037567307794078":{"scope":"(NOT_SET)"},"948601947100759643":{"scope":"fre","hash":"f1c199c","metadata":{}},"622986035100759643":{"scope":"fre","hash":"1ceaaeb","metadata":{}},"93987538307794078":{"scope":"popularmechanics","hash":"3793281","metadata":{"fallbacks":{"mobile":{"fallbackFont":"Roboto","sizeAdjust":["95.40%","95.77%"],"ascentOverride":["105.24%","104.83%"],"descentOverride":["29.04%","28.92%"]},"sansSerif":{"fallbackFont":"Arial","sizeAdjust":["95.69%","88.74%"],"ascentOverride":["104.92%","113.14%"],"descentOverride":["28.95%","31.22%"]},"serif":{"fallbackFont":"Georgia","sizeAdjust":["96.32%","89.24%"],"ascentOverride":["104.24%","112.51%"],"descentOverride":["28.76%","31.04%"]}}}},"2141149703100759643":{"scope":"fre","hash":"38e3324","metadata":{}},"350512797307794078":{"scope":"fre","hash":"c8ad008","metadata":{"fallbacks":{"mobile":{"fallbackFont":"Roboto","sizeAdjust":["107.32%","106.36%"],"ascentOverride":["90.27%","91.08%"],"descentOverride":["22.50%","22.70%"]},"sansSerif":{"fallbackFont":"Arial","sizeAdjust":["107.64%","98.55%"],"ascentOverride":["90.00%","98.30%"],"descentOverride":["22.43%","24.50%"]},"serif":{"fallbackFont":"Georgia","sizeAdjust":["108.35%","99.11%"],"ascentOverride":["89.41%","97.75%"],"descentOverride":["22.29%","24.37%"]}}}},"588148124100759643":{"scope":"fre","hash":"cf1782e","metadata":{}},"14425694531534288326":{"scope":"popularmechanics","hash":"a957255","metadata":{}},"499423465307794078":{"scope":"popularmechanics","hash":"cde089b","metadata":{"fallbacks":{"mobile":{"fallbackFont":"Roboto","sizeAdjust":["77.64%","70.18%"],"ascentOverride":["97.89%","108.30%"],"descentOverride":["30.91%","34.20%"]},"sansSerif":{"fallbackFont":"Arial","sizeAdjust":["77.87%","65.02%"],"ascentOverride":["97.60%","116.88%"],"descentOverride":["30.82%","36.91%"]},"serif":{"fallbackFont":"Georgia","sizeAdjust":["78.38%","65.39%"],"ascentOverride":["96.96%","116.23%"],"descentOverride":["30.62%","36.70%"]}}}},"1591175730307794078":{"scope":"popularmechanics","hash":"f370f34","metadata":{"fallbacks":{"mobile":{"fallbackFont":"Roboto","sizeAdjust":["132.84%","106.91%"],"ascentOverride":["65.79%","81.75%"],"descentOverride":["19.72%","24.51%"]},"sansSerif":{"fallbackFont":"Arial","sizeAdjust":["133.24%","99.06%"],"ascentOverride":["65.59%","88.23%"],"descentOverride":["19.66%","26.45%"]},"serif":{"fallbackFont":"Georgia","sizeAdjust":["134.12%","99.62%"],"ascentOverride":["65.16%","87.73%"],"descentOverride":["19.53%","26.30%"]}}}},"1483535594100759643":{"scope":"fre","hash":"ad81f1a","metadata":{}},"2025963983875664054":{"scope":"popularmechanics","hash":"2362803","metadata":{}},"410495278100759643":{"scope":"fre","hash":"c4cafa4","metadata":{"fallbacks":{"mobile":{"fallbackFont":"Roboto","sizeAdjust":["105.20%","104.03%"],"ascentOverride":["93.53%","94.57%"],"descentOverride":["28.31%","28.63%"]},"sansSerif":{"fallbackFont":"Arial","sizeAdjust":["105.51%","96.39%"],"ascentOverride":["93.25%","102.07%"],"descentOverride":["28.23%","30.90%"]},"serif":{"fallbackFont":"Georgia","sizeAdjust":["106.21%","96.94%"],"ascentOverride":["92.64%","101.50%"],"descentOverride":["28.04%","30.73%"]}}}},"1587051244307794078":{"scope":"popularmechanics","hash":"c99c3e4","metadata":{"fallbacks":{"mobile":{"fallbackFont":"Roboto","sizeAdjust":["65.41%","57.61%"],"ascentOverride":["156.24%","177.39%"],"descentOverride":["26.91%","30.55%"]},"sansSerif":{"fallbackFont":"Arial","sizeAdjust":["65.61%","53.38%"],"ascentOverride":["155.77%","191.45%"],"descentOverride":["26.83%","32.97%"]},"serif":{"fallbackFont":"Georgia","sizeAdjust":["66.04%","53.68%"],"ascentOverride":["154.75%","190.37%"],"descentOverride":["26.65%","32.78%"]}}}},"1000321143100759643":{"scope":"popularmechanics","hash":"7f295f6","metadata":{"fallbacks":{"mobile":{"fallbackFont":"Roboto","sizeAdjust":["104.58%","103.19%"],"ascentOverride":["81.66%","82.76%"],"descentOverride":["28.11%","28.49%"]},"sansSerif":{"fallbackFont":"Arial","sizeAdjust":["104.89%","95.61%"],"ascentOverride":["81.42%","89.32%"],"descentOverride":["28.03%","30.75%"]},"serif":{"fallbackFont":"Georgia","sizeAdjust":["105.58%","96.15%"],"ascentOverride":["80.88%","88.82%"],"descentOverride":["27.85%","30.58%"]}}}},"237689033307794078":{"scope":"fre","hash":"dd7387f","metadata":{"fallbacks":{"mobile":{"fallbackFont":"Roboto","sizeAdjust":["98.60%","100.86%"],"ascentOverride":["99.39%","97.17%"],"descentOverride":["28.87%","28.23%"]},"sansSerif":{"fallbackFont":"Arial","sizeAdjust":["98.90%","93.45%"],"ascentOverride":["99.09%","104.87%"],"descentOverride":["28.78%","30.46%"]},"serif":{"fallbackFont":"Georgia","sizeAdjust":["99.55%","93.98%"],"ascentOverride":["98.44%","104.28%"],"descentOverride":["28.60%","30.29%"]}}}},"1191363023101657":{"scope":"fre","hash":"046027b","metadata":{}},"1224281871100759643":{"scope":"fre","hash":"db7c035","metadata":{}},"738037164307794078":{"scope":"popularmechanics","hash":"910b3ba","metadata":{}},"1221623699101657":{"scope":"fre","hash":"3361b6d","metadata":{}},"820672235101657":{"scope":"fre","hash":"603c377","metadata":{}},"1976414978101657":{"scope":"fre","hash":"ce3e1ae","metadata":{}},"914434039101657":{"scope":"fre","hash":"a5a3a69","metadata":{}},"628614349101657":{"scope":"fre","hash":"f282b14","metadata":{}},"750460747101657":{"scope":"fre","hash":"e8cf655","metadata":{}},"1780745863100759643":{"scope":"fre","hash":"c08ce2c","metadata":{"fallbacks":{"mobile":{"fallbackFont":"Roboto","sizeAdjust":["94.46%","97.03%"],"ascentOverride":["103.74%","101.00%"],"descentOverride":["30.13%","29.34%"]},"sansSerif":{"fallbackFont":"Arial","sizeAdjust":["94.75%","89.90%"],"ascentOverride":["103.43%","109.00%"],"descentOverride":["30.04%","31.66%"]},"serif":{"fallbackFont":"Georgia","sizeAdjust":["95.37%","90.41%"],"ascentOverride":["102.75%","108.39%"],"descentOverride":["29.85%","31.49%"]}}}}},"manifestUrl":"https://static-assets.hearstapps.com/design-tokens/manifest.json"},"flags":{"content-editor.enable-custom-header":1,"content-editor.enable-repositioned-disclaimer":1,"self-hosted.affiliate.enabled":1,"fre.commerce.use-affiliate_url":1,"commerce.magento.affiliate.enabled":1,"fre.commerce.use-afflink_redirect":"(NOT_SET)","fre.commerce.use-multiple-levanta-links":"(NOT_SET)","content-editor.key-features-product-specs":1,"fre.products.legacy-price-placement":0,"product.content-product.couponing":1,"ecommerce.enable-embedded-experience":"(NOT_SET)","content-editor.toggles.hide-affiliate-disclaimer":1,"fre.content.enable-privacy-disclaimer":1,"cover-stories":1,"seo.syndicated-content.no-noindex":1,"seo.block-meta-ai-crawler":1,"ecommerce.load-pulse-script":"(NOT_SET)","fre.piano.int":"(NOT_SET)","content-pass.enable":0,"enable-sso":1,"enable-google-one-tap":1,"enable-microsoft-quick-auth":1,"display-search":1,"fre.show-magnifying-glass-icon-only":"(NOT_SET)","location-choice":0,"fre.location-choice.display-generic-title":1,"fre.do-not-sell-link":1,"search.fre.display-top-navigation":1,"fre.top-navigation.gift-lab":"(NOT_SET)","fre.enable-my-stuff":1,"enable-avatar-menu":"(NOT_SET)","enable-google-one-tap-tooltip":"(NOT_SET)","fre.enable-jam-journey":1,"fre.jam-journey.enable-top-slim-banner":1,"enable-top-touts":1,"show-updated-timestamp":1,"fre.seogra.breadcrumbs":1,"seo.display-publish-date-timezone":0,"seo.display-publish-date-timezone-all":1,"seo.developed-by-expert-byline":0,"fre.seogra.breadcrumbs-with-collections":1,"content-editor.disable-author-photo":"(NOT_SET)","fre.enable-author-flyout":1,"fre.sharing-component":0,"fre.disable-bookmark-subscription-modal":"(NOT_SET)","fre.enable-content-save-categorization":"(NOT_SET)","fre.enable-my-stuff-tooltip":1,"fre.enable-first-article-tooltip":0,"paywall.schema":1,"video.enable-glimmer":1,"fre.piano.hosted-content-module":"(NOT_SET)","fre.outro.enabled":0,"fre.enable-recirculation-module":"(NOT_SET)","video.watch-next-in-body-listicle":1,"enable-listicle-toc":1,"content-editor.1x1-lead-image-crop":1,"fre.enable-fastly-image":0,"video.watch-next-in-body":1,"video.watch-next.recipes":0,"video.sticky-player-mobile":1,"video.sticky-player":1,"video.use-video-player-two":1,"enable-watch-more-recirc-button":1,"fre.jam-journey.enable-email-captures":1,"content-editor.gallery.multi-retailer.enabled":1,"product.content-product.smart-swap.out-of-stock":1,"product.content-product.smarter-swap":1,"commerce.marketplace.enable":0,"Display-nutrition-data":0,"seo.enable-resizing-poster-images":0,"custom-feeds.block-head-image":0,"video.priority-to-use-preview-image":"(NOT_SET)","new-nav":1,"fre.cds.enable-paywall":1,"fre.piano.enable-paywall":0,"fre.jam-journey.enable-modals":1,"fre.jam-journey.enable-meters":1,"fre.jam-journey.enable-post-registration-modals":0,"mobile-adhesion-unit":1,"content-editor.content-body.preview-blocker":1},"lazy":{"P0-3":[[47065],2],"P0-4":[[73288]],"P0-5":[[70661]],"P0-6":[[39969]],"P0-7":[[50802,97343,88617,20252,81253]],"P0-8":[[22361]],"P0-9":[[266,90019,32807,59114]],"P0-10":[[93745,37869,68107,25116]],"P0-11":[[67057]],"P0-12":[[36050]]},"translations":{"app":{"ad-breaker-text-main":"Advertisement - Continue Reading Below"},"common":{"account":"account","and":"and","close":"Close","collapse":"Collapse","cookie_choices":"Cookies Choices","do_not_sell_info_footer":"Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads","do_not_sell_info_sidepanel":"Your Privacy Choices","expand":"Expand","login":"sign in","other_editions":"Other Editions","privacyNotice":"Privacy Notice","published":"Published: ","sidepanel":"Side Panel","search":"Search","skipToContent":"Skip to Content","termsOfUse":"Terms Of Use","updated":"Updated: "},"content":{"affiliate-disclosure-footer":"We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back.","image":{"fallback-alt":"This is an image","no-longer-available":"Image no longer available"},"jumpToProduct":"Jump to Products","watchNext":"Watch Next","watchNextInBodyButton":"Watch Full Video","readFullBio":"Read full bio","why-trust-us":"Why Trust Us?","enhancedBylines":{}},"date":{"format":""}}}}},"page":"/_templates/listicle","query":{},"buildId":"9d3ce3731d","assetPrefix":"/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm","runtimeConfig":{"APP_ENVIRONMENT":"production","APP_VERSION":"0.11.576","DEFAULT_FETCH_TIMEOUT":"2000","RUNTIME_INSURANCE_PUBLISHER_KEY":"dGVk90VVSURz","RUNTIME_INSURANCE_ADUNIT_KEY":"jAgnNJlb","RUNTIME_TRADE_TOOL_APP_URL":"https://app.blackbookinformation.com","RUNTIME_USE_SENTRY":"1","RUNTIME_RESIN_ASSETS_URL":"https://cdsshopprod-assets.resin.com","RUNTIME_ENABLE_RECAPTCHA":"true","RUNTIME_OPEN_WEB_ENABLED":"1","RUNTIME_PUBLIC_IMAGE_HOSTNAME":"https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod","RUNTIME_MICROSOFT_AUTH_CLIENT_ID":"952b8b0a-eccb-4fa4-90ca-13796e19166f","RUNTIME_GLIMMER_BUNDLE_FILE":"player.js","RUNTIME_GRAPHQL_TIMEOUT":"12000","RUNTIME_SPEEDCURVE_URL":"https://cdn.speedcurve.com/js/lux.js?id=231332287","RUNTIME_CHAT_CONFIG_ID":"20eabe8a-105a-48e7-b4b7-92a6be9f1e6e","RUNTIME_PAYMENT_CAPTURE_SCRIPT_URL":"https://paymentcapture.resin.com/v1/payment-capture.js","RUNTIME_RECAPTCHA_KEY":"6LcygTohAAAAALJc9PUf8gwQA5bdSdXK34HDB_5l","RUNTIME_SLIDES_PER_PAGE_OVERLAY":"10","RUNTIME_NITEHAWK_URL":"https://nitehawk.hearst.io","RUNTIME_INSURANCE_API_URL":"https://api.trvmarketplace.com/click/v1/auto","RUNTIME_TRADE_TOOL_SCRIPT_URL":"https://app.blackbookinformation.com/app/shopping-tools-js/v1.js","RUNTIME_GRAPHQL_URL":"https://heimdall.hearstapps.com","RUNTIME_SLIDES_PER_PAGE_LIST":"30","RUNTIME_ORDER_INTAKE_URL":"https://api.resin.com/orders","RUNTIME_AIHUB_ACCESS_KEY":"063c297c-96bf-4f89-9a82-cf784ff402c0","RUNTIME_TCF_API_TIMEOUT":"2000","RUNTIME_BUY_SUB_URL":"https://optout.hearstmags.com/servlet/OrdersGateway?cds_mag_code=A99\u0026amp;cds_page_id=246801","RUNTIME_PUBLIC_FILE_HOSTNAME":"https://hmg-h-cdn.hearstapps.com","RUNTIME_CIAM_AUTH_URLS":"https://auth.mylo.id","RUNTIME_GLIMMER_BUNDLE_PATH":"8.91.0","RUNTIME_RUFUS_HOSTNAME":"https://preferencecenter.hearstmags.com","RUNTIME_JOKER_URL":"https://joker.hearstgames.com","RUNTIME_INSURANCE_LICENSE_KEY":"afb7f38f-6470-445f-b583-28ae8e1ed325","RUNTIME_TRADE_TOOL_DEALER_ID":"0441002","RUNTIME_CIAM_UI_URLS":"https://www.mylo.id","RUNTIME_GLIMMER_BUNDLE_PREFIX":"/_assets/glimmer","RUNTIME_VIDEO_PLAYER_URL":"https://glimmer.hearstapps.com","RUNTIME_CIAM_DATA_URL":"https://ciam-data.cdsshopprod.cdsglobalapps.com/graphql","RUNTIME_GRAPHQL_TIMEOUT_FEED":"20000","RUNTIME_TRUECAR_SHOPPING_URL":"https://shopping.caranddriver.com","RUNTIME_RIDDLER_GAME_URL":"https://riddler.hearstgames.com","RUNTIME_GOOGLE_AUTH_CLIENT_ID":"966691262229-s6tftim27cpahri78teloejj82ms26hh.apps.googleusercontent.com","RUNTIME_SLIDES_PER_PAGE_GRID":"5","RUNTIME_JAM_SCRIPT_URL":"https://jam.hearstapps.com","RUNTIME_PRODUCTS_TIMEOUT":"30000","RUNTIME_CUSTOM_EVENT_DISPATCHER_URL":"https://oply.hearstapps.com/v1/events","RUNTIME_PUBLIC_IMAGE_DOMAIN":"https://hips.hearstapps.com","RUNTIME_MEDIA_GATEWAY_URL":"https://media.hearstapps.com","RUNTIME_INSURANCE_PANEL_ADUNIT_KEY":"DuS9oM6s","RUNTIME_PRODUCTS_URL":"https://products.hearstapps.com","RUNTIME_CONCORDE_URL":"https://search.hearstapps.com","RUNTIME_GRAPHQL_TOKEN":"eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCIsImtpZCI6Imp3dF9zZWNyZXRfZnJlIn0.e30.wlF-prqbR7gQ28qeFJrGOTKcct5p5jzNfrO6NBcc7C8","RUNTIME_AFFILIATE_BUNDLE_VERSION":"8.3.49","RUNTIME_CARS_FOR_SALE_MODULE_URL":"/inventory","RUNTIME_LIVE_STREAM_URL":"https://player.vimeo.com/video/","RUNTIME_LIVE_STREAM_CHAT":"https://vimeo.com/live-chat/","RUNTIME_VIMEO_STREAM_URL":"https://vimeo.com/event/","RUNTIME_THEME_SLUG":"","RUNTIME_NEXT_LAZY":"1"},"isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[55580,80498,62062,7141,8887,58832,94957,59037,25116,28764,266,18852,12637,17252],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}</script><script id="build-manifest">window.__BUILD_MANIFEST_CB=function(){return new Promise(((e,n)=>{document.body.appendChild(Object.assign(document.createElement("script"),{src:"/_assets/fre/scopes/hdm/_next/static/9d3ce3731d/_buildManifest.js",onload:e,onerror:n}))}))};</script><script type="text/javascript" id="font-loader">(()=>{const e=navigator?.connection?.effectiveType;if(e&&"4g"!==e)return;const{search:n}=window.location;if(n.includes("disableFonts"))return;const t=document,o=()=>{const e=t.getElementById("deferred-fonts");e&&(e.media="all")};"interactive"===document.readyState?o():window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",o)})();</script></body></html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10