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leading-7 font-normal" data-astro-cid-tnnyocjb> <section class="page-content"> <div class=""> <div class="pb-6">The second pharaoh of the <a href="/ancient-egypt/dynasty/ptolemaic">Ptolemaic Dynasty</a>, <i>a.k.a. Ptolemaios Philadelphos</i></div>  </div> <div class="py-3 flex flex-wrap sm:flex-nowrap"> <div class="w-full sm:w-5/6"> <p></p> </div> <div class="w-1/2 ma sm:w-1/6 min-w-[250px] py-5 sm:ml-6 text-xs dark:text-shark-300 pb-4"> <table class="w-full bg-white border dark:border-shark-700 font-sans shadow-lg"> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="text-center dark:bg-shark-900 pt-0 pb-3 text-base font-serif"> <p><span class="font-sans font-normal">Precedessor</span><br> <a class="text-lg" href="/ancient-egypt/pharaoh/Ptolemy-I">Ptolemy I</a></p> <p class="mt-0"><span class="font-sans font-normal">Successor</span><br> <a class="text-lg" href="/ancient-egypt/pharaoh/Ptolemy-III">Ptolemy III</a></p> </th> </tr> <tbody class="dark:bg-shark-800"><tr class="border-b dark:border-shark-700"><th colspan="2" class="bg-stone-100 dark:bg-shark-700 dark:text-shark-300 font-normal p-1.5">Reign of <b class="dark:text-shark-100">Ptolemy II</b></th></tr><tr class="border-b dark:border-shark-700"><td colspan="2">285–246</td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <h2 class="text-3xl text-center pt-10">The Royal Titulary</h2> <p class="text-base text-center">From the hieroglyphic records</p> <div class="mb-5"><div class="kort"><div class="text-center pt-8 pb-10"><img class="my-5 h-12 pl-5 inline dark:invert" loading="eager" src="/svg/pharaoh/33-02-01.svg" alt="" /><div class="sm:hidden"></div><img src="/svg/hiero/t_nesut.svg" loading="eager" class="my-5 h-12 pl-5 inline sepia dark:invert dark:contrast-75" alt="The Dual King" /><img class="h-12 inline dark:invert" loading="eager" src="/svg/pharaoh/33-02-12.svg" alt="" /><div class="sm:hidden"></div><p class="text-base pt-2"><span class="text-xs uppercase font-sans dark:text-stone-400">Horus</span> Hunu qeni <span class="text-xs uppercase font-sans dark:text-stone-400"> The Dual King</span> User ka Ra, <i>mery Amun</i></p></div></div></div> <div data-astro-cid-h3g3egrz><h2 class="text-center pt-10 pb-0 text-4xl text-red dark:text-amber-200" data-astro-cid-h3g3egrz>Horus names</h2><img src="/svg/hiero/t_horus.svg" loading="lazy" class="h-20 dark:invert mx-auto" alt="Horus name" data-astro-cid-h3g3egrz><p class="w-2/3 font-sans text-base mx-auto text-center text-stone-800 dark:text-shark-300 text-balance" data-astro-cid-h3g3egrz> The oldest form of the name of a pharaoh, a falcon representing Horus is perched on the palace facade. </p><div class="p-2" data-astro-cid-h3g3egrz><div class="cards"> <div class="hiero"> <div class="ht"> Horus name </div> <img class="h-12 sm:h-16 my-2 sm:my-3 dark:invert max-w-full object-contain" loading="lazy" src="/svg/pharaoh/33-02-01.svg" alt="Horus name"> <div class="ha"> Hunu qeni </div> <div class="hb"> ḥwnw-ḳni </div> <div class="hc"> The brave youth </div> <div class="hd"> H-wn:n-nw:W-A17-q*W*nw:D40 </div> <div class="he"> Qus monolith<br>Champollion, <i>Monuments de l'Égypte et de la Nubie, notices descriptives</i>, II, 293-4<br>Lepsius, <i>Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien</i>, IV, 7g; Text IV 257-8 </div> </div> <div class="hiero"> <div class="ht"> Horus name variant A </div> <img class="h-12 sm:h-16 my-2 sm:my-3 dark:invert max-w-full object-contain" loading="lazy" src="/svg/pharaoh/33-02-02.svg" alt="Horus name"> <div class="ha"> Hunu qeni </div> <div class="hb"> ḥwnw-ẖni </div> <div class="hc"> The brave youth </div> <div class="hd"> H-wn:W*nw-A17-q*nw:D40 </div> <div class="he"> Temple of Isis, Philae (room K 51)<br>Lepsius, <i>Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien</i>, IV, 7c; Text IV, 160 </div> </div> <div class="hiero"> <div class="ht"> Horus name variant B </div> <img class="h-12 sm:h-16 my-2 sm:my-3 dark:invert max-w-full object-contain" loading="lazy" src="/svg/pharaoh/33-02-03.svg" alt="Horus name"> <div class="ha"> Hunu qeni </div> <div class="hb"> ḥwnw-ẖni </div> <div class="hc"> The brave youth </div> <div class="hd"> H-wn:n-A17-q:nw-Z9^^^D40 </div> <div class="he"> Naville, <i>The store-city of Pithom</i>, plate 9:1<br><i>Urkunden des Ägyptische Alterthums</i> , II, 84:6<br>Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. <i>MÄS</i> <b>49</b> (1999). 234-235, 2:H </div> </div> <div class="hiero"> <div class="ht"> Horus name variant C </div> <img class="h-12 sm:h-16 my-2 sm:my-3 dark:invert max-w-full object-contain" loading="lazy" src="/svg/pharaoh/33-02-04.svg" alt="Horus name"> <div class="ha"> Hunu qeni </div> <div class="hb"> ḥwnw-ẖni </div> <div class="hc"> The brave youth </div> <div class="hd"> H-wn:n-nw:W-A17-q:nw-Z9^^^D40 </div> <div class="he"> Mariette, <i>Monument divers recueillis en Égypte et en Nubie</i> (1872), II, pl. 45 </div> </div> <div class="hiero"> <div class="ht"> Horus name variant D </div> <img class="h-12 sm:h-16 my-2 sm:my-3 dark:invert max-w-full object-contain" loading="lazy" src="/svg/pharaoh/33-02-05.svg" alt="Horus name"> <div class="ha"> Hunu qeni </div> <div class="hb"> ḥwnw-ẖni </div> <div class="hc"> The brave youth </div> <div class="hd"> H-wn:n-nw:W-A17-q*1:n:Z9^^^D40 </div> <div class="he"> Brugsch, <i>Thesaurus Inscriptionum Aegyptiacarum</i> (1884), IV, 630 </div> </div> </div></div></div> <div data-astro-cid-k5ramjar><h2 class="text-center pt-10 pb-0 text-4xl text-red dark:text-amber-200" data-astro-cid-k5ramjar>Nebty names</h2><img src="/svg/hiero/t_nebty.svg" loading="lazy" class="h-20 dark:invert mx-auto" alt="Two ladies hieroglyphs" data-astro-cid-k5ramjar><p class="w-1/2 font-sans mx-auto text-center text-stone-800 dark:text-shark-300 text-balance" data-astro-cid-k5ramjar> The “Two Ladies”, the <i data-astro-cid-k5ramjar>goddesses Nekhbet and Wadjet</i>, representing Upper and Lower Egypt respectively. </p><div class="kort" data-astro-cid-k5ramjar><div class="hieroglyphs"><div class="hiero"><div class="ht">Nebty name</div><img class="h-12 sm:h-16 my-2 sm:my-5 dark:invert max-w-full object-contain" loading="lazy" src="/svg/pharaoh/33-02-06.svg" alt=""><div class="ha">Wer pehty</div><div class="hb">wr-pḥti</div><div class="hc">Great of strength</div><div class="hd">wr:r-F9:F9</div><div class="he">Temple of Isis, Philae (room K 51)<br>Lepsius, <i>Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien</i>, IV, 7c; Text IV, 160<br>Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. <abbr title="Münchner Ägyptologischen Studien"><i>MÄS</i></abbr> <b>49</b> (1999). 234-235, 2:N<br></div></div><div class="hiero"><div class="ht">Nebty name variant</div><img class="h-12 sm:h-16 my-2 sm:my-5 dark:invert max-w-full object-contain" loading="lazy" src="/svg/pharaoh/33-02-07.svg" alt=""><div class="ha">Wer pehty</div><div class="hb">wr-pḥti</div><div class="hc">Great of strength</div><div class="hd">wr:r-F9*F9:D40</div><div class="he">Qus monolith<br>Champollion, <i>Monuments de l'Égypte et de la Nubie, notices descriptives</i>, II, 293-4<br>Lepsius, <i>Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien</i>, IV, 7g; Text IV 257-8<br></div></div></div></div></div> <div data-astro-cid-2vrnxq7t><h2 class="text-center pt-10 pb-0 text-4xl text-red dark:text-amber-200" data-astro-cid-2vrnxq7t>Golden Horus names</h2><img src="/svg/hiero/t_gold.svg" loading="lazy" class="h-20 dark:invert mx-auto" alt="Golden Horus name" data-astro-cid-2vrnxq7t><p class="w-1/2 font-sans mx-auto text-center text-stone-800 dark:text-shark-300 text-balance" data-astro-cid-2vrnxq7t> Horus perched on Gold, which was associated with eternity, but its meaning is disputed. </p><div class="kort" data-astro-cid-2vrnxq7t><div class="hieroglyphs"><div class="hiero"><div class="ht">Golden Horus name</div><img class="h-12 sm:h-16 my-2 sm:my-5 dark:invert max-w-full object-contain" loading="lazy" src="/svg/pharaoh/33-02-08.svg" alt=""><div class="ha">Sekha en su itef</div><div class="hb">&scaron;ḫꜤi-n-sw it.f</div><div class="hc">Whose father enthroned him</div><div class="hd">s-xa:a-n:z:t:f</div><div class="he">Qus monolith<br>Champollion, <i>Monuments de l'Égypte et de la Nubie, notices descriptives</i>, II, 293-4<br>Lepsius, <i>Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien</i>, IV, 7g; Text IV 257-8<br></div></div><div class="hiero"><div class="ht">Golden Horus name variant A</div><img class="h-12 sm:h-16 my-2 sm:my-5 dark:invert max-w-full object-contain" loading="lazy" src="/svg/pharaoh/33-02-09.svg" alt=""><div class="ha">Sekhaen su itef</div><div class="hb">sḫꜤi-sw it.f</div><div class="hc">Whose father enthroned him</div><div class="hd">z:xa:z-t:f:f</div><div class="he">Temple of Isis, Philae (room K 51)<br>Lepsius, <i>Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien</i>, IV, 7c; Text IV, 160<br></div></div><div class="hiero"><div class="ht">Golden Horus name variant B</div><img class="h-12 sm:h-16 my-2 sm:my-5 dark:invert max-w-full object-contain" loading="lazy" src="/svg/pharaoh/33-02-10.svg" alt=""><div class="ha">Sekhaen su itef</div><div class="hb">sḫꜤi-sw it.f</div><div class="hc">Whose father enthroned him</div><div class="hd">s-xa:a:n:z-i-t:f:Z1:f</div><div class="he">Brugsch, <i>Thesaurus Inscriptionum Aegyptiacarum</i> (1884), IV, 630<br>Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. <abbr title="Münchner Ägyptologischen Studien"><i>MÄS</i></abbr> <b>49</b> (1999). 234-235, 2:G<br></div></div><div class="hiero"><div class="ht">Golden Horus name variant C</div><img class="h-12 sm:h-16 my-2 sm:my-5 dark:invert max-w-full object-contain" loading="lazy" src="/svg/pharaoh/33-02-11.svg" alt=""><div class="ha">Sekhaen su itef</div><div class="hb">sḫꜤi-sw it.f</div><div class="hc">Whose father enthroned him</div><div class="hd">z:xa:a:n-i-z:t:f:Z1:f</div><div class="he">Naville, <i>The store-city of Pithom</i>, plate 9:1<br></div></div></div></div></div> <div data-astro-cid-cnf246la><h2 class="text-center pt-10 pb-0 text-4xl text-red dark:text-amber-200" data-astro-cid-cnf246la>Throne names</h2><img src="/svg/hiero/t_nesut.svg" loading="lazy" class="h-20 dark:invert mx-auto" alt="Prenomen or throne name" data-astro-cid-cnf246la><p class="w-1/2 font-sans mx-auto text-center text-stone-800 dark:text-shark-300 text-balance" data-astro-cid-cnf246la> Announced at the coronation and always written in a cartouche. The “official” name of the pharaoh. Also known as the <i data-astro-cid-cnf246la>Prenomen</i>. </p><div class="kort" data-astro-cid-cnf246la><div class="hieroglyphs"><div class="hiero"><div class="ht">Throne name</div><img class="h-12 sm:h-16 my-2 sm:my-5 dark:invert max-w-full object-contain" loading="lazy" src="/svg/pharaoh/33-02-12.svg" alt=""><div class="ha">User ka Ra, <i>mery Amun</i></div><div class="hb">wsr-kꜢ-rꜤ mri-imn</div><div class="hc">The strong one of the ka of Ra, beloved of Amun</div><div class="hd">ra-wsr-kA:Z1-i-mn:n:N36</div><div class="he">Qus monolith<br>Champollion, <i>Monuments de l'Égypte et de la Nubie, notices descriptives</i>, II, 293-4<br>Lepsius, <i>Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien</i>, IV, 7g; Text IV 257-8<br>Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. <abbr title="Münchner Ägyptologischen Studien"><i>MÄS</i></abbr> <b>49</b> (1999). 234-235, 2:T3<br></div></div><div class="hiero"><div class="ht">Throne name variant</div><img class="h-12 sm:h-16 my-2 sm:my-5 dark:invert max-w-full object-contain" loading="lazy" src="/svg/pharaoh/33-02-13.svg" alt=""><div class="ha">User ka Ra, <i>mery Amun</i></div><div class="hb">wsr-kꜢ-rꜤ mri-imn</div><div class="hc">The strong one of the ka of Ra, beloved of Amun</div><div class="hd">C2A\-C12A-N36-wsr-kA:1</div><div class="he">Temple of Isis, Philae (room K 51)<br>Lepsius, <i>Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien</i>, IV, 7c; Text IV, 160<br>Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. <abbr title="Münchner Ägyptologischen Studien"><i>MÄS</i></abbr> <b>49</b> (1999). 234-235, 2:T2<br></div></div><div class="hiero"><div class="ht">Throne name variant</div><img class="h-12 sm:h-16 my-2 sm:my-5 dark:invert max-w-full object-contain" loading="lazy" src="/svg/pharaoh/33-02-14.svg" alt=""><div class="ha">User ka Ra, <i>mery Amun</i></div><div class="hb">wsr-kꜢ-rꜤ mri-imn</div><div class="hc">The strong one of the ka of Ra, beloved of Amun</div><div class="hd">kA-wsr-C12A\-C2A-mr</div><div class="he">Temple of Isis, Philae (room K 43)<br>Lepsius, <i>Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien</i>, IV, 7b; Text IV, 159<br></div></div></div></div></div> <div><h2 class="text-center pt-10 pb-0 text-4xl text-red dark:text-amber-200">Birth names</h2><img src="/svg/hiero/t_sara.svg" loading="lazy" class="h-20 dark:invert mx-auto" alt="Nomen or birth name"><p class="w-1/2 font-sans mx-auto text-center text-stone-800 dark:text-shark-300 text-balance"> Personal name given at birth. Also known as the <i>Nomen</i>. </p><div class="kort"><div class="hieroglyphs"><div class="hiero"><div class="ht">Birth name</div><img class="h-12 sm:h-16 my-2 sm:my-5 dark:invert max-w-full object-contain" loading="lazy" src="/svg/pharaoh/33-02-15.svg" alt=""><div class="ha">User ka Ra, <i>mery Amun</i></div><div class="hb">wsr-kꜢ-rꜤ mri-imn</div><div class="hc">The strong one of the ka of Ra, beloved of Amun</div><div class="hd">i-mn:n:N36-wsr-ra:kA</div><div class="he">Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. <abbr title="Münchner Ägyptologischen Studien"><i>MÄS</i></abbr> <b>49</b> (1999). 234-235, 2:T4<br></div></div><div class="hiero"><div class="ht">Birth name variant</div><img class="h-12 sm:h-16 my-2 sm:my-5 dark:invert max-w-full object-contain" loading="lazy" src="/svg/pharaoh/33-02-16.svg" alt=""><div class="ha">Ptolemys</div><div class="hb">ptwlmis</div><div class="hc">Ptolemaios</div><div class="hd">p:t-wA-l:M-i-i-s</div><div class="he"><abbr title="From Latin: can be found in numerous places.">Passim</abbr><br>Lepsius, <i>Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien</i>, IV, 8<br>Beckerath, “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2nd ed. <abbr title="Münchner Ägyptologischen Studien"><i>MÄS</i></abbr> <b>49</b> (1999). 234-235, 2:E<br></div></div></div></div></div> <h2 class="pt-10 text-center">Bibliography</h2> <ul id="biblio" class="py-2 font-sans text-base mt-5 border-t-2 border-stone-400 dark:border-shark-700 text-stone-800 dark:text-shark-300"><li><b>Gauthier, H.</b> Le livre des rois d'Égypte. <i>MIFAO</i> 20 (1915): 222–245</li><li><b> Beckerath, J.</b>, 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, Second edition, <abbr title="Münchner Ägyptologischen Studien"><i>MÄS</i></abbr> <b>49</b>: 234–235</li><li><b>Leprohon, R. J.</b>, 2013. <i>The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary</i>. Atlanta: 178–179</li></ul> <div class="mx-auto font-sans font-semibold px-7 py-3 my-16 text-stone-800 dark:text-shark-300 border w-fit text-center bg-white dark:bg-shark-900 dark:border-shark-600 rounded-xl"> <b>PLEASE NOTE</b><br> There <i>might</i> be errors on this page.<br> Make sure you use the <span class="text-red dark:text-shark-400">correct source!</span> <br><small class="text-stone-800/50 dark:text-shark-300/50">Yes, you would be surprised...</small> </div> </div> </section> <div class="py-10 my-5 print:hidden" aria-hidden="true"> <img src="/svg/thoth.svg" loading="lazy" class="mx-auto h-28 opacity-50 transition duration-300 hover:opacity-100" alt="Thoth" title="You have reached the end of the page. This is Thoth, the wise God of writing and hieroglyphs." srcset=""> <p class="text-center uppercase font-sans text-xs pt-3"> <abbr class="text-stone-400 dark:text-shark-700 no-underline" title="Latin for: Nothing comes from nothing">Ex nihilo nihil fit</abbr> </p> </div> <div class="hidden print:block print:py-20 text-center"> <h3>Original text from:</h3><a href="https://pharaoh.se{currentPath}" class="font-mono text-sm text-black"><img src="/svg/pharaohse.svg" alt="Pharaoh.SE" class="w-60 mx-auto block">https://pharaoh.se/ancient-egypt/pharaoh/Ptolemy-II/</a> </div> </article> <aside class="hidden lg:grid lg:col-span-3 print:hidden border-s border-stone-300 dark:border-shark-900 dark:bg-darky" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f> <div class="flex h-full px-5 overflow-y-auto sm:w-64 w-80 font-sans" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f> <nav class="-mx-3 space-y-8 pb-36" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f> <div class="space-y-1" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f> <label for="pharaohs" class="px-3 text-base font-bold text-stone-800 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href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/compare-canons" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Compare canons</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/medinet-habu-canon" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Medinet Habu Canon</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/ramesseum-canon" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Ramesseum Canon</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/marseille" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Marseille offering table</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/other" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Minor king lists</a> </div> <div class="space-y-1" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f> <label for="Turin king list" class="px-3 text-base font-bold text-stone-800/80 uppercase dark:text-shark-400" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Turin king list</label> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/turin" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Overview</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/turin-history" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>History</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/turin-contents" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Contents</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/turin-fragments" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Fragments</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/turin-vorlage" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Vorlage</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/turin-gallery" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Gallery</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/turin-recto" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Recto</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/turin/library" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Library</a> </div> <div class="space-y-1" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f> <label for="Historians" class="px-3 text-base font-bold text-stone-800 uppercase dark:text-shark-400" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Historians</label> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/herodotus" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Herodotus</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/manetho" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Manetho</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/manetho-king-list" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Manetho’s king list</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/africanus" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Africanus</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/eusebius" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Eusebius</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/josephus" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Josephus</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/diodorus" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Diodorus</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/jerome" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>St. Jerome</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/eratosthenes" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Eratosthenes</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/kinglist/syncellus" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Syncellus</a> </div> <div class="space-y-1" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f> <label for="Ancient Egypt: Miscellaneous" class="px-3 text-base font-bold text-stone-800 uppercase dark:text-shark-400" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Ancient Egypt</label> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/obelisks" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Obelisks</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/temples-and-monuments" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Monuments & Temples</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/hieroglyphs" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Hieroglyphs</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/cartography" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Cartography</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/egyptology" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Egyptology</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/titles-and-epithets" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Titles & epithets</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/book-series" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Important books</a>  <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/battle-of-kadesh" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Battle of Kadesh</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/bibliography" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Bibliography</a> </div> <div class="space-y-1" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f> <label for="Ancient Egypt Periods" class="px-3 text-base font-bold text-stone-800 uppercase dark:text-shark-400" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Periods</label> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/period/old-kingdom" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Old Kingdom</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/period/first-intermediate-period" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>First Intermediate</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/period/middle-kingdom" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Middle Kingdom</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/period/second-intermediate-period" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Second Intermediate</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/period/new-kingdom" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>New Kingdom</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/period/third-intermediate-period" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Third Intermediate</a> <a class="list-link" href="/ancient-egypt/period/late-period" data-astro-cid-ssfzsv2f>Late Period</a> <a class="list-link" 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