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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Roman crafts</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">39 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Roman crafts</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Roman_crafts">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41502536" data-work_id="41502536" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41502536/Philonicus_Demetriusque_Craft_Specialization_in_the_Funerary_Relief_of_Two_Freedmen">Philonicus Demetriusque: Craft Specialization in the Funerary Relief of Two Freedmen</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In many respects, the funerary relief of Philonicus and Demetrius (inventory number BM 1954,1214.1) is typical of the monuments erected by Roman freedmen in that it commemorates its subjects via their professional identities as craftsmen.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41502536" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In many respects, the funerary relief of Philonicus and Demetrius (inventory number BM 1954,1214.1) is typical of the monuments erected by Roman freedmen in that it commemorates its subjects via their professional identities as craftsmen. Yet previous studies have thus far been unable to provide a cohesive interpretation of its iconography, thereby limiting the insights that this monument can offer. This article will address this by providing a systematic reinterpretation of the contents of this relief by comparing its imagery with that of archaeological finds and the reliefs of other craftsmen. Much of the confusion surrounding this relief stems from its use of familiar iconographic features in an unfamiliar way, with the layout of its imagery providing a complete narrative of their identity. This reinterpretation reveals Philonicus and Demetrius' shared identities as specialized blacksmiths who were employed by the Roman state as manufacturers of woodworking tools, providing several important insights into the professional lives of such craftsmen within the early empire.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41502536" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3cbd40e2e2e8e19489d0c04aec6cd14d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64504344,"asset_id":41502536,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64504344/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="169937" href="https://thorneloe.academia.edu/AllanDaoust">Allan Daoust</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="169937" type="text/json">{"id":169937,"first_name":"Allan","last_name":"Daoust","domain_name":"thorneloe","page_name":"AllanDaoust","display_name":"Allan Daoust","profile_url":"https://thorneloe.academia.edu/AllanDaoust?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/169937/42779/12580299/s65_allan.daoust.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41502536 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41502536"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41502536, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41502536", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_41502536 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41502536; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_41502536"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_41502536 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41502536"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41502536; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41502536]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41502536").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41502536").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41502536"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27745" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Iconography">Roman Iconography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27745" type="text/json">{"id":27745,"name":"Roman Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Iconography?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80597" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_craftsmen">Roman craftsmen</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="80597" type="text/json">{"id":80597,"name":"Roman craftsmen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_craftsmen?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="181430" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_urban_crafts">Roman urban crafts</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="181430" type="text/json">{"id":181430,"name":"Roman urban crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_urban_crafts?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="181781" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts">Roman crafts</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="181781" type="text/json">{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41502536]'), work: {"id":41502536,"title":"Philonicus Demetriusque: Craft Specialization in the Funerary Relief of Two Freedmen","created_at":"2020-01-03T10:26:01.944-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41502536/Philonicus_Demetriusque_Craft_Specialization_in_the_Funerary_Relief_of_Two_Freedmen?f_ri=181781","dom_id":"work_41502536","summary":"In many respects, the funerary relief of Philonicus and Demetrius (inventory number BM 1954,1214.1) is typical of the monuments erected by Roman freedmen in that it commemorates its subjects via their professional identities as craftsmen. Yet previous studies have thus far been unable to provide a cohesive interpretation of its iconography, thereby limiting the insights that this monument can offer. This article will address this by providing a systematic reinterpretation of the contents of this relief by comparing its imagery with that of archaeological finds and the reliefs of other craftsmen. Much of the confusion surrounding this relief stems from its use of familiar iconographic features in an unfamiliar way, with the layout of its imagery providing a complete narrative of their identity. This reinterpretation reveals Philonicus and Demetrius' shared identities as specialized blacksmiths who were employed by the Roman state as manufacturers of woodworking tools, providing several important insights into the professional lives of such craftsmen within the early empire.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64504344,"asset_id":41502536,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":169937,"first_name":"Allan","last_name":"Daoust","domain_name":"thorneloe","page_name":"AllanDaoust","display_name":"Allan Daoust","profile_url":"https://thorneloe.academia.edu/AllanDaoust?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/169937/42779/12580299/s65_allan.daoust.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27745,"name":"Roman Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Iconography?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":80597,"name":"Roman craftsmen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_craftsmen?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":181430,"name":"Roman urban crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_urban_crafts?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":188078,"name":"Roman Funerary Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Funerary_Art?f_ri=181781"},{"id":296854,"name":"Roman Tools","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Tools?f_ri=181781"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=181781"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40152391" data-work_id="40152391" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40152391/Corinthian_Bronze_and_the_Gold_of_the_Alchemists">Corinthian Bronze and the Gold of the Alchemists</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Alloys that went under the name of Corinthian Bronze were highly prized in the Roman Empire at the beginning of the Christian era, when Corinthian Bronze was used to embellish the great gate of Herod's Temple in Jerusalem. From the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40152391" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Alloys that went under the name of Corinthian Bronze were highly prized in the Roman Empire at the beginning of the Christian era, when Corinthian Bronze was used to embellish the great gate of Herod's Temple in Jerusalem. From the ancient texts it emerges that Corinthian Bronze was the name given to a family of copper alloys with gold and silver which were depletion gilded to give them a golden or silver lustre. An important centre of production appears to have been Egypt where, by tradition, alchemy had its origins. From an analysis of the earliest alchemical texts, it is suggested that the concept of transmutation of base metals into gold arose from the depletion gilding process.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40152391" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f970becf8888af2d877eb18ca4cb0c04" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60371109,"asset_id":40152391,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60371109/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3349059" href="https://ulondon.academia.edu/DavidJacobson">David M . 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Jacobson","profile_url":"https://ulondon.academia.edu/DavidJacobson?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3349059/26247996/24844113/s65_david.jacobson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40152391 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40152391"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40152391, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40152391", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_40152391 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40152391; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_40152391"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_40152391 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40152391"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40152391; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40152391]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40152391").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40152391").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40152391"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15865" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15865" type="text/json">{"id":15865,"name":"Plutarch","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plutarch?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23555" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Empire">Roman Empire</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23555" type="text/json">{"id":23555,"name":"Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Empire?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32640" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus">Josephus</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32640" type="text/json">{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38610" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pliny_the_Elder">Pliny the Elder</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="38610" type="text/json">{"id":38610,"name":"Pliny the Elder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pliny_the_Elder?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40152391]'), work: {"id":40152391,"title":"Corinthian Bronze and the Gold of the Alchemists","created_at":"2019-08-23T01:30:48.894-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40152391/Corinthian_Bronze_and_the_Gold_of_the_Alchemists?f_ri=181781","dom_id":"work_40152391","summary":"Alloys that went under the name of Corinthian Bronze were highly prized in the Roman Empire at the beginning of the Christian era, when Corinthian Bronze was used to embellish the great gate of Herod's Temple in Jerusalem. From the ancient texts it emerges that Corinthian Bronze was the name given to a family of copper alloys with gold and silver which were depletion gilded to give them a golden or silver lustre. An important centre of production appears to have been Egypt where, by tradition, alchemy had its origins. From an analysis of the earliest alchemical texts, it is suggested that the concept of transmutation of base metals into gold arose from the depletion gilding process.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60371109,"asset_id":40152391,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3349059,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Jacobson","domain_name":"ulondon","page_name":"DavidJacobson","display_name":"David M . 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Die Wirtschaft der römischen Provinz Dalmatien.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Gospodarstvo rimske provincije Dalmacije. Unatoč višestoljetnih napora znanstvenika na izučavanju različitih dijelova povijesti rimske provincije Dalmacije, antičko gospodarstvo kao takvo, ako se izuzmu parcijalne teme (željezarstvo,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23364232" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Gospodarstvo rimske provincije Dalmacije. Unatoč višestoljetnih napora znanstvenika na izučavanju različitih dijelova povijesti rimske provincije Dalmacije, antičko gospodarstvo kao takvo, ako se izuzmu parcijalne teme (željezarstvo, rudnici srebra, rudnici zlata na području srednje Bosne, rimski rudnički novac, komunikacije, villae rasticae i villae suburbanae, pomorski putni pravci, antički brodolomi i dr.) ili rimske teme s područja suvremenih geopolitičkih subjekata (srednja Bosna, Bosna i Hercegovina, Srbija i dr.) i nije sistematizirano. Autor se prihvatio izučavanja osnovnih grana rimskog gospodarstva s područja Dalmacije (rudarstvo, poljodjelstvo, stočarstvo, pomorstvo, robno-novčano gospodarstvo, trgovina, obrti) u predantičko i antičko doba, prateći njihove pojedine dijelove od samih početaka do kasne antike. Pri izradi ovoga projekta autor je koristio široki spektar izvora koji se odnose na različite vidove gospodarskih djelatnosti s područja koja su bila uključena u rimsku provinciju Dalmaciju. Među najvažnijima su svakako bilješke grčkih i rimskih pisaca, podaci rimskih jurističkih djela, epigrafska i numizmatička građa, rezultati arheoloških iskopavanja predrimskih i rimskih (kopnenih i podmorskih) lokaliteta i dr. Unatoč ogromnom napretku u rasvjetljavanju brojnih problema koji se odnose na predrimske populacije s prostora obuhvaćenih rimskom dalmatinskom provincijalnom granicom, ipak su i dalje otvorenim ostala broja pitanja glede razumijevanja temeljnih društvenih odnosa predantičkih populacija. Velika je raznolikost među ovim oblastima razlogom da se autor nije intenzivnije upuštao u istraživanje gospodarskih struktura društvenog života na području rimske Dalmacije. Rimska provincija Dalmacija je, osim geostrateškog, imala veliki značaj i kao gospodarska karika u jedinstvenom lancu Rimskoga Carstva. Gospodarski su resursi bili važan razlog koji su Rimsku Državu motivirali na osvajanje dalmatinskih prostora. Rimljani su, kao i Grci prije njih, ponajviše bili zainteresirani za plemenite metale zlato i srebro, a potom za željezo i olovo. O važnosti ovih metala za Rimsku Državu svjedoče kako rimski pisci, tako i rimski natpisi, numizmatička građa, jurističke odredbe, grčki alkemičari, antičke komunikacije, tragovi rudarskih i topioničarskih aktivnosti i dr. Korištenje ruda na području rimske Dalmacije započelo je još u neolitiku, dok je intenzivnija eksploatacija plemenitih metala, bakra i proizvodnja bronce započela tijekom prve polovice 1. tisućljeća pr. Kr. Zenit je dosegla u vrijeme rimske vlasti, osobito tijekom 3. i 4. st. Rimljani su na području Dalmacije najduže eksploatirali srebro i željezo. U rudarstvu je bio angažiran veliki broj ljudi, nerijetko ratnih zarobljenika i osuđenika. Rudnike, metalurške pogone te transport polugotovih i gotovih proizvoda osiguravali su pripadnici različitih vojnih postrojbi. U metalurškom su procesu glavnu ulogu imali stručnjaci orijentalnog i italskog podrijetla. Lokalne su populacije, kako zbog rudarske vještine tako i zbog sigurnosti, uglavnom bile angažirane u procesu vađenja i transporta rude. Nerijetko su rudarstvu vična plemena preseljavana s jednog kraja provincije na drugi, odnosno u velike rudarske bazene drugih provincija, npr. u Daciju. Rimljani su vodili precizan nadzor eksploatacije ruda pomoću brojnog činovničkog kadra sastavljenog od carskim krugovima odanih osoba, naročito pripadnika tzv. familiae Caesaiis i pripadnika viteškog staleža. Osim u vrlo rijetkim prilikama, dalmatinski su rudnici uglavnom bili pod čvrstim državnom nadzorom. O njihovoj proizvodnji nerijetko je ovisio i sam carski položaj te sigurnost i obrana granica carstva, osobito u Podunavlju. Za najveći dio populacija koje su naseljavale područja kasnije rimske Dalmacije prije rimske okupacije, glavna je gospodarska grana bilo i ostalo stočarstvo, u prvom redu kozarstvo i ovčarstvo. S prispjećem grčkih kolonista na otočno-obalnom dijelu Dalmacije, stočarstvo kao primarna gospodarska grana biva potiskivano poljodjelstvom, ponajviše uzgojem vinove loze i masline. U zaleđu istočnog Jadrana te u unutrašnjosti Dalmacije proizvo- đene su značajne količine žitarica (osobito zobi, prosa i ječma), iako uzgoj žitarica na području ove provincije nikada nije bio primaran. Pomorstvo se na istočnom Jadranu, na kojeg se Dalmacija oslanja cijelim svojim zapadnim dijelom, kontinuirano razvijalo još od neolitika, kada nastaju i razvijaju se pristaništa i luke. Istočnim je Jadranom vodio važan plovni pravac kojim su plovile lađe sa središnjeg, istočnog te zapadnog Sredozemlja. Preko Jadrana su također vodila i dva važna plovna puta koji su spajali italski i ilirsko-panonski svijet. Jedan je polazio od Monte Gargana i vodio uz srednjodalmatinsko otočje ka središnjem dijelu Dalmacije i obrnuto. Drugi je polazio od područja uz rijeku Po, preko sjeverne Italije i Istre te vodio uz sjevernodalmatinsko otočje ka sjevernodalmatinskim prostorima i obrnuto. Uz ove su se plovne pravce razvijala i važna pristaništa i luke, u koje su lađe uplovljavale bilo kao u krajnja odredišta, ili prisiljene vremenskim nepogodama, odnosno potrebama mornara za pitkom vodom ili namirnicama. Neke od njih su se pretvorile i u važna trgovačka središta, osobito Narona. Tijekom rimske okupacije najvažnija je luka istočnog Jadrana bila Salona koja je, s obzirom da je postala i administrativno središte Dalmacije, pretekla Naronu. Veliki značaj su imale i luke Jadera, Ninije i Senije na obalnom dijelu, te isejska, faroska i osorska luka na otočnom dijelu Dalmacije. Nadzor nad plovnim putevima jadranskoga akvatorija, velikim je plemenskim savezima bio značajan izvor prihoda tijekom više stoljeća stare ere. Stoga ne iznenađuje činjenica da se gotovo kod svih pomorskih populacija istočnoga Jadrana razvilo, i kroz duže vrijeme održalo, presretanje brodova i pustošenje obalnih prostora Epira, Helade i Italije, osobito od strane pomorskih plemenskih saveza kao što su bili Liburni i Ardijejci, a povremeno i Japoda te Histra. Gusarstvo su s jadranskih prostora definitivno eliminirali tek Rimljani, koji su i sami od njega dugo vremena trpjeli velike štete. Trgovačka razmjena je bila glavni uzrok uspostave najranijih kontakata između helenskoga i italskog svijeta s jedne i populacija istočnog Jadrana i njegovoga bližeg i dubljeg zaleđa s druge strane. Dalmatinski prostori su također bili važno tržište svih vrsta obrtničkih proizvoda, osobito nakita i oružja te neiscrpno vrelo rudarsko-metalurških proizvoda, stoke, stočarskih proizvoda, drveta i dr. Trgovačka je razmjena, unatoč njenom intenzitetu kroz nekoliko posljednjih stoljeća stare ere, bila najintenzivnija tijekom rimske okupacije', osobito u vrijeme principata. Lokalni obrti na području Dalmacije u pravom smislu riječi započinju svoj razvoj tek u vrijeme helenizma i antike. U lokalnoj su proizvodnji najvažniji bili obrada kamena, izrada opekarskih proizvoda te proizvodnja različitih vrsta keramičkih proizvoda.<br /><br />Die Wirtschaft der römischem Provinz Dalmatien. Die Erzförderung und die Herstellung von Metallen auf den Gebieten, die seit dem Jahre 8/9 n. Chr. den römischen Provinzen Dalmatien und Pannonien angehörten, ist ein jahrtausendlanger Prozeß, der seit der Kupferzeit bis heute mehr oder weniger kontinuierlich andauert. In der Antike wurden hier zahlreiche Metalle gefördert, vor allem Kupfer, Gold, Silber, Blei, Arsen u. a. Die Bodenschätze waren einer der Hauptgründe, die die Römer dazu motivierten, die Gebiete zwischen der Adria und der Donau zu erobern. Die antiken narrativen Quellen bezeugen, daß sich die Römer in erster Linie für Edelmetalle interessierten, deren Ausbeutung zu Beginn des 2. Jahrtausends v. Chr. begann. Die verstärkte Herstellung von Edelmetallen, vor allem Silber, fing in der zweiten Hälfte des Jahres 6 v. Chr. an. Die Römer begannen mit der Goldförderung in Dalmatien gleich nach der Niederschlagung des illyrisch-pannonischen Aufstandes 6-9. n. Chr. Die Organisation mit der aktiven Militärunterstützung wurde am Anfang dem Statthalter anvertraut, wobei die Arbeitskräfte einheimische Bewohner waren. Das Gold wurde in der Antike vor allem in den mittelbosnischen Bergen Vranica und Kobila abgebaut, sowie in den Bergbaurevieren der Flüsse Vrbas (Oberlauf), Laäva, Lepenica, Fojnica und Zeljeznica in Mittelbosnien. Außer den Bergstollen und Wasserkanälen, mit welchen das Gold aus den Alluvion- und Dilluvionanschwemmungen ausgewaschen wurde, befinden sich in den Tälern dieser Flüsse auch viele ausgewaschene Halden, von denen einige mehrere Kilometer lang und breit sind. Das Grandiose einiger von diesen Halden könnte die Angabe von Plinius Secundus über die Goldgewinnung zür Zeit Neros (54-68) bis zu 50 Pfund an einem einzigen „glücklichen“ kg allein auf der Erdoberfläche bestätigen.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23364232" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c08f4d4bc487087c66adb0b865fd5e9c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43817452,"asset_id":23364232,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43817452/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="45224595" href="https://hipsb.academia.edu/Ante%C5%A0kegro">Ante Škegro</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="45224595" type="text/json">{"id":45224595,"first_name":"Ante","last_name":"Škegro","domain_name":"hipsb","page_name":"AnteŠkegro","display_name":"Ante Škegro","profile_url":"https://hipsb.academia.edu/Ante%C5%A0kegro?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/45224595/12005251/52867830/s65_ante._kegro.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23364232 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23364232"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23364232, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23364232", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23364232]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23364232").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23364232").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23364232"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80694" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silver">Silver</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="80694" type="text/json">{"id":80694,"name":"Silver","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silver?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="181781" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts">Roman crafts</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="181781" type="text/json">{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4049925" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rimska_provincija_Dalmacija">Rimska provincija Dalmacija</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4049925" type="text/json">{"id":4049925,"name":"Rimska provincija Dalmacija","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rimska_provincija_Dalmacija?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4049928" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rimski_Obrti">Rimski Obrti</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4049928" type="text/json">{"id":4049928,"name":"Rimski Obrti","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rimski_Obrti?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23364232]'), work: {"id":23364232,"title":"Gospodarstvo rimske provincije Dalmacije. Die Wirtschaft der römischen Provinz Dalmatien.","created_at":"2016-03-17T05:30:21.860-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/23364232/Gospodarstvo_rimske_provincije_Dalmacije_Die_Wirtschaft_der_r%C3%B6mischen_Provinz_Dalmatien?f_ri=181781","dom_id":"work_23364232","summary":"Gospodarstvo rimske provincije Dalmacije. Unatoč višestoljetnih napora znanstvenika na izučavanju različitih dijelova povijesti rimske provincije Dalmacije, antičko gospodarstvo kao takvo, ako se izuzmu parcijalne teme (željezarstvo, rudnici srebra, rudnici zlata na području srednje Bosne, rimski rudnički novac, komunikacije, villae rasticae i villae suburbanae, pomorski putni pravci, antički brodolomi i dr.) ili rimske teme s područja suvremenih geopolitičkih subjekata (srednja Bosna, Bosna i Hercegovina, Srbija i dr.) i nije sistematizirano. Autor se prihvatio izučavanja osnovnih grana rimskog gospodarstva s područja Dalmacije (rudarstvo, poljodjelstvo, stočarstvo, pomorstvo, robno-novčano gospodarstvo, trgovina, obrti) u predantičko i antičko doba, prateći njihove pojedine dijelove od samih početaka do kasne antike. Pri izradi ovoga projekta autor je koristio široki spektar izvora koji se odnose na različite vidove gospodarskih djelatnosti s područja koja su bila uključena u rimsku provinciju Dalmaciju. Među najvažnijima su svakako bilješke grčkih i rimskih pisaca, podaci rimskih jurističkih djela, epigrafska i numizmatička građa, rezultati arheoloških iskopavanja predrimskih i rimskih (kopnenih i podmorskih) lokaliteta i dr. Unatoč ogromnom napretku u rasvjetljavanju brojnih problema koji se odnose na predrimske populacije s prostora obuhvaćenih rimskom dalmatinskom provincijalnom granicom, ipak su i dalje otvorenim ostala broja pitanja glede razumijevanja temeljnih društvenih odnosa predantičkih populacija. Velika je raznolikost među ovim oblastima razlogom da se autor nije intenzivnije upuštao u istraživanje gospodarskih struktura društvenog života na području rimske Dalmacije. Rimska provincija Dalmacija je, osim geostrateškog, imala veliki značaj i kao gospodarska karika u jedinstvenom lancu Rimskoga Carstva. Gospodarski su resursi bili važan razlog koji su Rimsku Državu motivirali na osvajanje dalmatinskih prostora. Rimljani su, kao i Grci prije njih, ponajviše bili zainteresirani za plemenite metale zlato i srebro, a potom za željezo i olovo. O važnosti ovih metala za Rimsku Državu svjedoče kako rimski pisci, tako i rimski natpisi, numizmatička građa, jurističke odredbe, grčki alkemičari, antičke komunikacije, tragovi rudarskih i topioničarskih aktivnosti i dr. Korištenje ruda na području rimske Dalmacije započelo je još u neolitiku, dok je intenzivnija eksploatacija plemenitih metala, bakra i proizvodnja bronce započela tijekom prve polovice 1. tisućljeća pr. Kr. Zenit je dosegla u vrijeme rimske vlasti, osobito tijekom 3. i 4. st. Rimljani su na području Dalmacije najduže eksploatirali srebro i željezo. U rudarstvu je bio angažiran veliki broj ljudi, nerijetko ratnih zarobljenika i osuđenika. Rudnike, metalurške pogone te transport polugotovih i gotovih proizvoda osiguravali su pripadnici različitih vojnih postrojbi. U metalurškom su procesu glavnu ulogu imali stručnjaci orijentalnog i italskog podrijetla. Lokalne su populacije, kako zbog rudarske vještine tako i zbog sigurnosti, uglavnom bile angažirane u procesu vađenja i transporta rude. Nerijetko su rudarstvu vična plemena preseljavana s jednog kraja provincije na drugi, odnosno u velike rudarske bazene drugih provincija, npr. u Daciju. Rimljani su vodili precizan nadzor eksploatacije ruda pomoću brojnog činovničkog kadra sastavljenog od carskim krugovima odanih osoba, naročito pripadnika tzv. familiae Caesaiis i pripadnika viteškog staleža. Osim u vrlo rijetkim prilikama, dalmatinski su rudnici uglavnom bili pod čvrstim državnom nadzorom. O njihovoj proizvodnji nerijetko je ovisio i sam carski položaj te sigurnost i obrana granica carstva, osobito u Podunavlju. Za najveći dio populacija koje su naseljavale područja kasnije rimske Dalmacije prije rimske okupacije, glavna je gospodarska grana bilo i ostalo stočarstvo, u prvom redu kozarstvo i ovčarstvo. S prispjećem grčkih kolonista na otočno-obalnom dijelu Dalmacije, stočarstvo kao primarna gospodarska grana biva potiskivano poljodjelstvom, ponajviše uzgojem vinove loze i masline. U zaleđu istočnog Jadrana te u unutrašnjosti Dalmacije proizvo- đene su značajne količine žitarica (osobito zobi, prosa i ječma), iako uzgoj žitarica na području ove provincije nikada nije bio primaran. Pomorstvo se na istočnom Jadranu, na kojeg se Dalmacija oslanja cijelim svojim zapadnim dijelom, kontinuirano razvijalo još od neolitika, kada nastaju i razvijaju se pristaništa i luke. Istočnim je Jadranom vodio važan plovni pravac kojim su plovile lađe sa središnjeg, istočnog te zapadnog Sredozemlja. Preko Jadrana su također vodila i dva važna plovna puta koji su spajali italski i ilirsko-panonski svijet. Jedan je polazio od Monte Gargana i vodio uz srednjodalmatinsko otočje ka središnjem dijelu Dalmacije i obrnuto. Drugi je polazio od područja uz rijeku Po, preko sjeverne Italije i Istre te vodio uz sjevernodalmatinsko otočje ka sjevernodalmatinskim prostorima i obrnuto. Uz ove su se plovne pravce razvijala i važna pristaništa i luke, u koje su lađe uplovljavale bilo kao u krajnja odredišta, ili prisiljene vremenskim nepogodama, odnosno potrebama mornara za pitkom vodom ili namirnicama. Neke od njih su se pretvorile i u važna trgovačka središta, osobito Narona. Tijekom rimske okupacije najvažnija je luka istočnog Jadrana bila Salona koja je, s obzirom da je postala i administrativno središte Dalmacije, pretekla Naronu. Veliki značaj su imale i luke Jadera, Ninije i Senije na obalnom dijelu, te isejska, faroska i osorska luka na otočnom dijelu Dalmacije. Nadzor nad plovnim putevima jadranskoga akvatorija, velikim je plemenskim savezima bio značajan izvor prihoda tijekom više stoljeća stare ere. Stoga ne iznenađuje činjenica da se gotovo kod svih pomorskih populacija istočnoga Jadrana razvilo, i kroz duže vrijeme održalo, presretanje brodova i pustošenje obalnih prostora Epira, Helade i Italije, osobito od strane pomorskih plemenskih saveza kao što su bili Liburni i Ardijejci, a povremeno i Japoda te Histra. Gusarstvo su s jadranskih prostora definitivno eliminirali tek Rimljani, koji su i sami od njega dugo vremena trpjeli velike štete. Trgovačka razmjena je bila glavni uzrok uspostave najranijih kontakata između helenskoga i italskog svijeta s jedne i populacija istočnog Jadrana i njegovoga bližeg i dubljeg zaleđa s druge strane. Dalmatinski prostori su također bili važno tržište svih vrsta obrtničkih proizvoda, osobito nakita i oružja te neiscrpno vrelo rudarsko-metalurških proizvoda, stoke, stočarskih proizvoda, drveta i dr. Trgovačka je razmjena, unatoč njenom intenzitetu kroz nekoliko posljednjih stoljeća stare ere, bila najintenzivnija tijekom rimske okupacije', osobito u vrijeme principata. Lokalni obrti na području Dalmacije u pravom smislu riječi započinju svoj razvoj tek u vrijeme helenizma i antike. U lokalnoj su proizvodnji najvažniji bili obrada kamena, izrada opekarskih proizvoda te proizvodnja različitih vrsta keramičkih proizvoda.\n\nDie Wirtschaft der römischem Provinz Dalmatien. Die Erzförderung und die Herstellung von Metallen auf den Gebieten, die seit dem Jahre 8/9 n. Chr. den römischen Provinzen Dalmatien und Pannonien angehörten, ist ein jahrtausendlanger Prozeß, der seit der Kupferzeit bis heute mehr oder weniger kontinuierlich andauert. In der Antike wurden hier zahlreiche Metalle gefördert, vor allem Kupfer, Gold, Silber, Blei, Arsen u. a. Die Bodenschätze waren einer der Hauptgründe, die die Römer dazu motivierten, die Gebiete zwischen der Adria und der Donau zu erobern. Die antiken narrativen Quellen bezeugen, daß sich die Römer in erster Linie für Edelmetalle interessierten, deren Ausbeutung zu Beginn des 2. Jahrtausends v. Chr. begann. Die verstärkte Herstellung von Edelmetallen, vor allem Silber, fing in der zweiten Hälfte des Jahres 6 v. Chr. an. Die Römer begannen mit der Goldförderung in Dalmatien gleich nach der Niederschlagung des illyrisch-pannonischen Aufstandes 6-9. n. Chr. Die Organisation mit der aktiven Militärunterstützung wurde am Anfang dem Statthalter anvertraut, wobei die Arbeitskräfte einheimische Bewohner waren. Das Gold wurde in der Antike vor allem in den mittelbosnischen Bergen Vranica und Kobila abgebaut, sowie in den Bergbaurevieren der Flüsse Vrbas (Oberlauf), Laäva, Lepenica, Fojnica und Zeljeznica in Mittelbosnien. Außer den Bergstollen und Wasserkanälen, mit welchen das Gold aus den Alluvion- und Dilluvionanschwemmungen ausgewaschen wurde, befinden sich in den Tälern dieser Flüsse auch viele ausgewaschene Halden, von denen einige mehrere Kilometer lang und breit sind. Das Grandiose einiger von diesen Halden könnte die Angabe von Plinius Secundus über die Goldgewinnung zür Zeit Neros (54-68) bis zu 50 Pfund an einem einzigen „glücklichen“ kg allein auf der Erdoberfläche bestätigen. 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J.-C. - Ve s. apr. J.-C.) (Gallia 71-2)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Mots-clés. Villa, artisanat, cuve, bassin, ensemble funéraire, pratique funéraire, dépôt, céramique, fusaïole, macrorestes, végétaux, faune, dendrochronologie, Divodurum, Médiomatriques. Résumé. Une opération archéologique (2011) a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13405139" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Mots-clés. Villa, artisanat, cuve, bassin, ensemble funéraire, pratique funéraire, dépôt, céramique, fusaïole, macrorestes, végétaux, faune, dendrochronologie, Divodurum, Médiomatriques. <br />Résumé. Une opération archéologique (2011) a permis la <br />reconnaissance intégrale d’une villa gallo-romaine, de ses annexes et des infrastructures connexes. La découverte a été réalisée à l’occasion de l’extension d’une zone d’activité commerciale, au sudest de Metz, dans le quartier de Grigy. L’article décrit brièvement la situation géographique et l’environnement archéologique avant de faire une présentation générale de l’organisation du site. Ensuite, la description archéologique des structures se divise en trois parties qui suivent une logique chronologique. Elles portent sur la présentation des structures protohistoriques, d’un ensemble funéraire gallo-romain précoce et enfin des vestiges de la villa, envisagés dans deux sous-parties axées respectivement sur la pars urbana et la pars rustica. Les équipements découverts dans la cour <br />de la pars rustica, notamment trois cuves en bois et un bassin <br />à plancher de bois particulièrement bien conservés, suggèrent <br />une activité artisanale. L’accent est porté sur l’identification de <br />cette (ces) activité(s) à la lumière de différentes études (mobilier en plomb, macrorestes végétaux) et analyses (chimie organique, minéralogie). Plusieurs hypothèses sont successivement examinées : l’exploitation du cuir (tannerie), du bois (vannerie, sparterie) et des fibres textiles (foulerie). L’interprétation s’oriente vers le trempage ou le rouissage de fibres végétales. La dernière partie revient sur le phasage chronologique, en y intégrant les principaux résultats de <br />l’étude du mobilier en céramique et en s’appuyant sur des datations absolues (radiométrie, dendrochronologie). L’occupation est ainsi scandée en quatre états qui permettent de proposer une date de fondation de la villa durant le dernier quart du ier s. av. J.-C. et une période d’abandon et de démantèlement située entre la fin du IVe s. et le début du Ve s. apr. J.-C.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13405139" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d923fada1b42e9ef38b6fa9a7173dd9c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38034745,"asset_id":13405139,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38034745/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1676019" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GaelBrkojewitsch">Gael Brkojewitsch</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1676019" type="text/json">{"id":1676019,"first_name":"Gael","last_name":"Brkojewitsch","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GaelBrkojewitsch","display_name":"Gael Brkojewitsch","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GaelBrkojewitsch?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1676019/580298/41419173/s65_gael.brkojewitsch.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-13405139">+6</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-13405139"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://labonicolasgarnier.academia.edu/NicolasGarnier">Nicolas Garnier</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/MB4">Michaël Brunet</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://inrap.academia.edu/Genevi%C3%A8veDaoulas">Geneviève Daoulas</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/JouaninGaetan">Jouanin Gaetan</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/sedlbauersimon">Simon Sedlbauer</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/DaoulasGenevieve">Daoulas Genevieve</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-13405139'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-13405139').html(); 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J.-C. - Ve s. apr. J.-C.) (Gallia 71-2)","created_at":"2015-06-29T00:45:34.566-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13405139/La_villa_gallo_romaine_de_Grigy_%C3%A0_Metz_Ier_s_apr_J_C_Ve_s_apr_J_C_Gallia_71_2_?f_ri=181781","dom_id":"work_13405139","summary":"Mots-clés. Villa, artisanat, cuve, bassin, ensemble funéraire, pratique funéraire, dépôt, céramique, fusaïole, macrorestes, végétaux, faune, dendrochronologie, Divodurum, Médiomatriques.\r\nRésumé. Une opération archéologique (2011) a permis la\r\nreconnaissance intégrale d’une villa gallo-romaine, de ses annexes et des infrastructures connexes. La découverte a été réalisée à l’occasion de l’extension d’une zone d’activité commerciale, au sudest de Metz, dans le quartier de Grigy. L’article décrit brièvement la situation géographique et l’environnement archéologique avant de faire une présentation générale de l’organisation du site. Ensuite, la description archéologique des structures se divise en trois parties qui suivent une logique chronologique. Elles portent sur la présentation des structures protohistoriques, d’un ensemble funéraire gallo-romain précoce et enfin des vestiges de la villa, envisagés dans deux sous-parties axées respectivement sur la pars urbana et la pars rustica. Les équipements découverts dans la cour\r\nde la pars rustica, notamment trois cuves en bois et un bassin\r\nà plancher de bois particulièrement bien conservés, suggèrent\r\nune activité artisanale. L’accent est porté sur l’identification de\r\ncette (ces) activité(s) à la lumière de différentes études (mobilier en plomb, macrorestes végétaux) et analyses (chimie organique, minéralogie). Plusieurs hypothèses sont successivement examinées : l’exploitation du cuir (tannerie), du bois (vannerie, sparterie) et des fibres textiles (foulerie). L’interprétation s’oriente vers le trempage ou le rouissage de fibres végétales. La dernière partie revient sur le phasage chronologique, en y intégrant les principaux résultats de\r\nl’étude du mobilier en céramique et en s’appuyant sur des datations absolues (radiométrie, dendrochronologie). L’occupation est ainsi scandée en quatre états qui permettent de proposer une date de fondation de la villa durant le dernier quart du ier s. av. J.-C. et une période d’abandon et de démantèlement située entre la fin du IVe s. et le début du Ve s. apr. J.-C.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38034745,"asset_id":13405139,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1676019,"first_name":"Gael","last_name":"Brkojewitsch","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GaelBrkojewitsch","display_name":"Gael Brkojewitsch","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GaelBrkojewitsch?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1676019/580298/41419173/s65_gael.brkojewitsch.jpg"},{"id":3190445,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Garnier","domain_name":"labonicolasgarnier","page_name":"NicolasGarnier","display_name":"Nicolas Garnier","profile_url":"https://labonicolasgarnier.academia.edu/NicolasGarnier?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3190445/1686851/2026172/s65_nicolas.garnier.jpg"},{"id":707498,"first_name":"Michaël","last_name":"Brunet","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MB4","display_name":"Michaël Brunet","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MB4?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/707498/128640483/118034856/s65_micha_l.brunet.png"},{"id":8433627,"first_name":"Geneviève","last_name":"Daoulas","domain_name":"inrap","page_name":"GenevièveDaoulas","display_name":"Geneviève Daoulas","profile_url":"https://inrap.academia.edu/Genevi%C3%A8veDaoulas?f_ri=181781","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":5826915,"first_name":"Jouanin","last_name":"Gaetan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JouaninGaetan","display_name":"Jouanin Gaetan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JouaninGaetan?f_ri=181781","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":16369440,"first_name":"Simon","last_name":"Sedlbauer","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"sedlbauersimon","display_name":"Simon Sedlbauer","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/sedlbauersimon?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16369440/6667452/7533605/s65_simon.sedlbauer.jpg"},{"id":73192262,"first_name":"Daoulas","last_name":"Genevieve","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DaoulasGenevieve","display_name":"Daoulas Genevieve","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DaoulasGenevieve?f_ri=181781","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":8516,"name":"Funerary Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Funerary_Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":9117,"name":"Dendrochronology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dendrochronology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":11267,"name":"Wood 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Tombs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Tombs?f_ri=181781"},{"id":109828,"name":"Fauna","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fauna?f_ri=181781"},{"id":148135,"name":"Spindle Whorls","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spindle_Whorls?f_ri=181781"},{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781"},{"id":625023,"name":"Tanks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tanks?f_ri=181781"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=181781"},{"id":1183454,"name":"Divodurum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Divodurum?f_ri=181781"},{"id":1224304,"name":"Plant Macro-Remains","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Macro-Remains?f_ri=181781"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14511988" data-work_id="14511988" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14511988/Fullo_dedit_Mutinae_Testimonianze_di_mestieri_nellepigrafia_lapidaria_latina_di_Mutina_e_del_suo_territorio_Palaestra_Studi_on_line_sullAntichit%C3%A0_Classica_della_Fondazione_Canussio_30_maggio_2011_http_www_fondazionecanussio_org_palaestra_parisinifullo_htm_">Fullo dedit Mutinae ... Testimonianze di mestieri nell'epigrafia lapidaria latina di Mutina e del suo territorio, «Palaestra: Studi on line sull'Antichità Classica della Fondazione Canussio», 30 maggio 2011, <http://www.fondazionecanussio.org/palaestra/parisinifullo.htm>.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Il presente lavoro, incentrato sulla storia del lavoro e dei lavoratori nel mondo romano, si propone di ricostruire, attraverso l'epigrafia monumentale, l'identità e il profilo socio-economico di alcuni individui vissuti a Mutina o nel... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14511988" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Il presente lavoro, incentrato sulla storia del lavoro e dei lavoratori nel mondo romano, si propone di ricostruire, attraverso l'epigrafia monumentale, l'identità e il profilo socio-economico di alcuni individui vissuti a Mutina o nel suo ager in età tardorepubblicana e altoimperiale. Si tratta di alcuni uomini e una donna le cui iscrizioni, di natura prevalentemente funeraria, ricordano diverse figure professionali: un aurifex, un copo,  un medicus, un negotians lanarius, un praeceptor, un tonsor, diversi vestiarii, un vicesimarius, un possibile unctor e una vilica. Nel testo si formulano inoltre alcune ipotesi in merito alle funzioni esercitate in ambito domestico dai cosiddetti "delicia" o "pueri delicati"; vengono infine analizzati i tre gentilizi di derivazione professionale finora attestati nel Modenese: Aerarius, Aurarius e Purpurarius. Quest'ultimo nome, in particolare, fino a oggi sembrerebbe attestato esclusivamente nella colonia di Mutina e nel suo ager.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14511988" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="74ce2b98033f3c80334b983530bd58ae" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38336345,"asset_id":14511988,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38336345/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33437384" href="https://unibo.academia.edu/LauraParisini">Laura Parisini</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33437384" type="text/json">{"id":33437384,"first_name":"Laura","last_name":"Parisini","domain_name":"unibo","page_name":"LauraParisini","display_name":"Laura Parisini","profile_url":"https://unibo.academia.edu/LauraParisini?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33437384/9884145/71495876/s65_laura.parisini.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14511988 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14511988"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14511988, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14511988", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14511988]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_14511988").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_14511988").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="14511988"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">150</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl11x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="136" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History">Cultural History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="136" type="text/json">{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="137" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_History">Economic History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="137" type="text/json">{"id":137,"name":"Economic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_History?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14511988]'), work: {"id":14511988,"title":"Fullo dedit Mutinae ... Testimonianze di mestieri nell'epigrafia lapidaria latina di Mutina e del suo territorio, «Palaestra: Studi on line sull'Antichità Classica della Fondazione Canussio», 30 maggio 2011, \u003chttp://www.fondazionecanussio.org/palaestra/parisinifullo.htm\u003e.","created_at":"2015-07-30T08:46:00.248-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/14511988/Fullo_dedit_Mutinae_Testimonianze_di_mestieri_nellepigrafia_lapidaria_latina_di_Mutina_e_del_suo_territorio_Palaestra_Studi_on_line_sullAntichit%C3%A0_Classica_della_Fondazione_Canussio_30_maggio_2011_http_www_fondazionecanussio_org_palaestra_parisinifullo_htm_?f_ri=181781","dom_id":"work_14511988","summary":"Il presente lavoro, incentrato sulla storia del lavoro e dei lavoratori nel mondo romano, si propone di ricostruire, attraverso l'epigrafia monumentale, l'identità e il profilo socio-economico di alcuni individui vissuti a Mutina o nel suo ager in età tardorepubblicana e altoimperiale. Si tratta di alcuni uomini e una donna le cui iscrizioni, di natura prevalentemente funeraria, ricordano diverse figure professionali: un aurifex, un copo, un medicus, un negotians lanarius, un praeceptor, un tonsor, diversi vestiarii, un vicesimarius, un possibile unctor e una vilica. Nel testo si formulano inoltre alcune ipotesi in merito alle funzioni esercitate in ambito domestico dai cosiddetti \"delicia\" o \"pueri delicati\"; vengono infine analizzati i tre gentilizi di derivazione professionale finora attestati nel Modenese: Aerarius, Aurarius e Purpurarius. Quest'ultimo nome, in particolare, fino a oggi sembrerebbe attestato esclusivamente nella colonia di Mutina e nel suo ager.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38336345,"asset_id":14511988,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33437384,"first_name":"Laura","last_name":"Parisini","domain_name":"unibo","page_name":"LauraParisini","display_name":"Laura Parisini","profile_url":"https://unibo.academia.edu/LauraParisini?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33437384/9884145/71495876/s65_laura.parisini.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":137,"name":"Economic 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class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11609833" data-work_id="11609833" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11609833/Ceramic_Kilns_in_the_Territory_of_Bulgaria_from_the_1st_to_the_6th_c_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_I_VI_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA_In_Bulgarian_">Ceramic Kilns in the Territory of Bulgaria from the 1st to the 6th c. (Пещи за керамика в днешните български земи през I - VI век) /In Bulgarian/</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The completed PhD thesis was based on the analysed information for 265 ceramic kilns, excavated in the modern territory of Bulgaria and dated to the 1st – 6th c. AD. In addition, more than 20 pottery kilns from the Pre-Roman period in the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11609833" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The completed PhD thesis was based on the analysed information for 265 ceramic kilns, excavated in the modern territory of Bulgaria and dated to the 1st – 6th c. AD. In addition, more than 20 pottery kilns from the Pre-Roman period in the same region were examined. The complex results from this survey led to the following conclusions.  <br />The earliest two-chambered updraught kilns excavated in Bulgaria were dated to the beginning of the Late Iron Age. After the Roman conquest in the first half of the 1st century AD these structures became the most popular among the ones used for the firing of clay made objects. <br />During the Roman and Early Byzantine periods two major techniques of kiln building were in use. The main feature of the first one was the employment of the natural soil as a building material, used for the design of most of the kiln components. The second technique was characterized by the use of large amount of building materials for the same purpose, mainly bricks, tiles, less frequently stones, prefabricated ceramic elements, ceramic pipes and mud bricks. <br />Great diversity was attested in the types of kilns in use at that time. The newly established typology comprised four types and seventeen subtypes of structures with round or quadrangular plan of the combustion chamber. <br />In the time between the second half of the 1st and the last decades of the 3rd c. AD most of the workshops and production centres were established along important roads and in rural settlements. The ones from the northern part of nowadays Bulgaria were supplying both the local population and the Roman military units, most of the latter stationed along the Danubian limes. <br />After the end of the 3rd and until the beginning of the 7th c. AD pottery manufacture was organized on a smaller scale, usually in towns and fortified settlements. On the contrary, there was a development in the production of building ceramics, especially during the 4th c. AD, which was probably related to building activities initiated by the authorities.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11609833" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="621a3aeda069436f2a74318b03e79f5f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37083639,"asset_id":11609833,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37083639/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="371202" href="https://naim.academia.edu/AlexanderHarizanov">Alexander Harizanov</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="371202" type="text/json">{"id":371202,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Harizanov","domain_name":"naim","page_name":"AlexanderHarizanov","display_name":"Alexander Harizanov","profile_url":"https://naim.academia.edu/AlexanderHarizanov?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/371202/499507/156994574/s65_alexander.harizanov.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11609833 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11609833"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11609833, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11609833", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11609833 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11609833; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11609833"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11609833 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11609833"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11609833; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11609833]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11609833").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11609833").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11609833"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">28</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2786" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Technology">Ceramic Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2786" type="text/json">{"id":2786,"name":"Ceramic Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Technology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5041" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Archaeology">Late Antique Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5041" type="text/json">{"id":5041,"name":"Late Antique Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20728" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Pottery">Roman Pottery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="20728" type="text/json">{"id":20728,"name":"Roman Pottery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Pottery?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23640" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy">Roman Economy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="23640" type="text/json">{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11609833]'), work: {"id":11609833,"title":"Ceramic Kilns in the Territory of Bulgaria from the 1st to the 6th c. (Пещи за керамика в днешните български земи през I - VI век) /In Bulgarian/","created_at":"2015-03-23T08:11:22.669-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11609833/Ceramic_Kilns_in_the_Territory_of_Bulgaria_from_the_1st_to_the_6th_c_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_I_VI_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA_In_Bulgarian_?f_ri=181781","dom_id":"work_11609833","summary":"The completed PhD thesis was based on the analysed information for 265 ceramic kilns, excavated in the modern territory of Bulgaria and dated to the 1st – 6th c. AD. In addition, more than 20 pottery kilns from the Pre-Roman period in the same region were examined. The complex results from this survey led to the following conclusions. \r\nThe earliest two-chambered updraught kilns excavated in Bulgaria were dated to the beginning of the Late Iron Age. After the Roman conquest in the first half of the 1st century AD these structures became the most popular among the ones used for the firing of clay made objects. \r\nDuring the Roman and Early Byzantine periods two major techniques of kiln building were in use. The main feature of the first one was the employment of the natural soil as a building material, used for the design of most of the kiln components. The second technique was characterized by the use of large amount of building materials for the same purpose, mainly bricks, tiles, less frequently stones, prefabricated ceramic elements, ceramic pipes and mud bricks. \r\nGreat diversity was attested in the types of kilns in use at that time. The newly established typology comprised four types and seventeen subtypes of structures with round or quadrangular plan of the combustion chamber. \r\nIn the time between the second half of the 1st and the last decades of the 3rd c. AD most of the workshops and production centres were established along important roads and in rural settlements. The ones from the northern part of nowadays Bulgaria were supplying both the local population and the Roman military units, most of the latter stationed along the Danubian limes. \r\nAfter the end of the 3rd and until the beginning of the 7th c. AD pottery manufacture was organized on a smaller scale, usually in towns and fortified settlements. On the contrary, there was a development in the production of building ceramics, especially during the 4th c. AD, which was probably related to building activities initiated by the authorities.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37083639,"asset_id":11609833,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":371202,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Harizanov","domain_name":"naim","page_name":"AlexanderHarizanov","display_name":"Alexander Harizanov","profile_url":"https://naim.academia.edu/AlexanderHarizanov?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/371202/499507/156994574/s65_alexander.harizanov.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2786,"name":"Ceramic Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Technology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":5041,"name":"Late Antique Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":20728,"name":"Roman Pottery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Pottery?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":29005,"name":"Roman Pottery Kilns","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Pottery_Kilns?f_ri=181781"},{"id":29007,"name":"Roman pottery workshops","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_pottery_workshops?f_ri=181781"},{"id":29030,"name":"Late Roman Pottery Kilns","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Pottery_Kilns?f_ri=181781"},{"id":29033,"name":"Late Roman Pottery Workshops","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Pottery_Workshops?f_ri=181781"},{"id":51766,"name":"Moesia inferior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moesia_inferior?f_ri=181781"},{"id":58839,"name":"Thracian provinces of the Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thracian_provinces_of_the_Roman_Empire?f_ri=181781"},{"id":65919,"name":"Roman ceramics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_ceramics?f_ri=181781"},{"id":124366,"name":"Pottery kilns","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_kilns?f_ri=181781"},{"id":143392,"name":"Ancient Roman economy, trade and commerce","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_economy_trade_and_commerce?f_ri=181781"},{"id":181430,"name":"Roman urban crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_urban_crafts?f_ri=181781"},{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781"},{"id":252695,"name":"Roman Rural Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Rural_Production?f_ri=181781"},{"id":318348,"name":"Töpferöfen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/T%C3%B6pfer%C3%B6fen?f_ri=181781"},{"id":318370,"name":"Ziegelofen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ziegelofen?f_ri=181781"},{"id":318382,"name":"Four de potiers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Four_de_potiers?f_ri=181781"},{"id":433079,"name":"Hornos Romanos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hornos_Romanos?f_ri=181781"},{"id":448223,"name":"Late Antique pottery kilns","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_pottery_kilns?f_ri=181781"},{"id":460901,"name":"Pottery production and distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_production_and_distribution?f_ri=181781"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=181781"},{"id":735709,"name":"Roman Provincial Archaeology, Archaeology of Moesia and Thracia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Provincial_Archaeology_Archaeology_of_Moesia_and_Thracia?f_ri=181781"},{"id":914092,"name":"Ateliers De Potiers Romains","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ateliers_De_Potiers_Romains?f_ri=181781"},{"id":914095,"name":"Ateliers De Tuiliers Romains","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ateliers_De_Tuiliers_Romains?f_ri=181781"},{"id":1305223,"name":"Typologie Des Fours De Potier","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Typologie_Des_Fours_De_Potier?f_ri=181781"},{"id":2474551,"name":"Roman Bulgaria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Bulgaria?f_ri=181781"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8518525" data-work_id="8518525" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8518525/Fabricae_Werkst%C3%A4tten_und_handwerkliche_T%C3%A4tigkeiten_des_Milit%C3%A4rs_in_den_Nordprovinzen_des_R%C3%B6mischen_Reichs_in_%C3%81_Morillo_Hrsg_Arqueolog%C3%ADa_Militar_romana_en_Hispania_II_Producci%C3%B3n_y_abastecimiento_en_el_%C3%A1mbito_militar_Le%C3%B3n_2006_19_32">Fabricae, Werkstätten und handwerkliche Tätigkeiten des Militärs in den Nordprovinzen des Römischen Reichs, in: Á. Morillo (Hrsg.), Arqueología Militar romana en Hispania II. Producción y abastecimiento en el ámbito militar (León 2006) 19 - 32.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8518525" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dfb3e96329febea490c8f8d5e229c252" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34897469,"asset_id":8518525,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34897469/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16365251" href="https://rub.academia.edu/NorbertHanel">Norbert Hanel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16365251" type="text/json">{"id":16365251,"first_name":"Norbert","last_name":"Hanel","domain_name":"rub","page_name":"NorbertHanel","display_name":"Norbert Hanel","profile_url":"https://rub.academia.edu/NorbertHanel?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16365251/4489020/5200021/s65_norbert.hanel.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8518525 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8518525"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8518525, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8518525", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8518525]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8518525").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8518525").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8518525"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18425" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_military_archaeology">Roman military archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="18425" type="text/json">{"id":18425,"name":"Roman military archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_military_archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="181781" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts">Roman crafts</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="181781" type="text/json">{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="208426" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Forts_and_Camps">Roman Forts and Camps</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="208426" type="text/json">{"id":208426,"name":"Roman Forts and Camps","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Forts_and_Camps?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="634974" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology">Roman Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="634974" type="text/json">{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8518525]'), work: {"id":8518525,"title":"Fabricae, Werkstätten und handwerkliche Tätigkeiten des Militärs in den Nordprovinzen des Römischen Reichs, in: Á. Morillo (Hrsg.), Arqueología Militar romana en Hispania II. Producción y abastecimiento en el ámbito militar (León 2006) 19 - 32.","created_at":"2014-09-27T04:03:53.139-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8518525/Fabricae_Werkst%C3%A4tten_und_handwerkliche_T%C3%A4tigkeiten_des_Milit%C3%A4rs_in_den_Nordprovinzen_des_R%C3%B6mischen_Reichs_in_%C3%81_Morillo_Hrsg_Arqueolog%C3%ADa_Militar_romana_en_Hispania_II_Producci%C3%B3n_y_abastecimiento_en_el_%C3%A1mbito_militar_Le%C3%B3n_2006_19_32?f_ri=181781","dom_id":"work_8518525","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34897469,"asset_id":8518525,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16365251,"first_name":"Norbert","last_name":"Hanel","domain_name":"rub","page_name":"NorbertHanel","display_name":"Norbert Hanel","profile_url":"https://rub.academia.edu/NorbertHanel?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16365251/4489020/5200021/s65_norbert.hanel.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":18425,"name":"Roman military archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_military_archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":208426,"name":"Roman Forts and Camps","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Forts_and_Camps?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8606966" data-work_id="8606966" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8606966/Kordula_GOSTENCNIK_Bibliographie_Instrumentum_%C3%96sterreich_Update_2023_2">Kordula GOSTENCNIK, Bibliographie Instrumentum Österreich, Update 2023/2</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Crafts in Roman Austria: a bibliography.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8606966" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ada11f1ad46837a17e922ed1652338cd" rel="nofollow" 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Cosmetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Medicine_and_Cosmetics?f_ri=181781"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_62855970" data-work_id="62855970" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/62855970/Glass_workshops_in_the_Alpine_and_Eastern_Adriatic_area">Glass workshops in the Alpine and Eastern Adriatic area</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The earliest evidence of glass blowing in the Adriatic area is represented by oil lamps depicting a glass furnace. The best preserved lamp was found lately in Slovenia in a Roman grave in Spodnje Škofije near Koper. Roman glass production... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_62855970" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The earliest evidence of glass blowing in the Adriatic area is represented by oil lamps depicting a glass furnace. The best preserved lamp was found lately in Slovenia in a Roman grave in Spodnje Škofije near Koper. Roman glass production developed in Celeia (Celje) and Poetovio (Ptuj) as early as the end of the 1st or the beginning of the 2nd century. Glass production in neighbouring areas is confirmed to have existed in Gleisdorf (Austria) and at Siscia (Sisak) and Salona (Solin, Dalmatia)<br />in Croatia. The archaeological finds from Dalmatia consist also of epigraphic evidence. A sarcophagus fragment from the necropolis at Manastirine in Salona revealed the name of a glassmaker Paschasius<br />or Pascasius, while the southeastern necropolis yielded a marble mould with the inscription Miscenius Ampliatus facit Salonas. The latest discoveries in the area are known from the Roman town of Doclea (Duklja), where three Late Roman glass furnaces were discovered.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/62855970" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c72dcafa63f80e41e0ea2ec7db05c1db" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75488368,"asset_id":62855970,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75488368/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="84319" href="https://upr-si.academia.edu/IrenaLazar">Irena Lazar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="84319" type="text/json">{"id":84319,"first_name":"Irena","last_name":"Lazar","domain_name":"upr-si","page_name":"IrenaLazar","display_name":"Irena Lazar","profile_url":"https://upr-si.academia.edu/IrenaLazar?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/84319/84858/21485701/s65_irena.lazar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_62855970 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="62855970"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 62855970, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_62855970", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=62855970]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_62855970").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_62855970").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="62855970"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="42366" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Glass">Roman Glass</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="42366" type="text/json">{"id":42366,"name":"Roman Glass","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Glass?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="111893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Glass_Glass_Technology">Roman Glass, Glass Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="111893" type="text/json">{"id":111893,"name":"Roman Glass, Glass Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Glass_Glass_Technology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="181781" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts">Roman crafts</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="181781" type="text/json">{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="513667" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_lamps">Oil lamps</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="513667" type="text/json">{"id":513667,"name":"Oil lamps","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_lamps?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=62855970]'), work: {"id":62855970,"title":"Glass workshops in the Alpine and Eastern Adriatic area","created_at":"2021-12-01T06:24:28.395-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/62855970/Glass_workshops_in_the_Alpine_and_Eastern_Adriatic_area?f_ri=181781","dom_id":"work_62855970","summary":"The earliest evidence of glass blowing in the Adriatic area is represented by oil lamps depicting a glass furnace. The best preserved lamp was found lately in Slovenia in a Roman grave in Spodnje Škofije near Koper. Roman glass production developed in Celeia (Celje) and Poetovio (Ptuj) as early as the end of the 1st or the beginning of the 2nd century. Glass production in neighbouring areas is confirmed to have existed in Gleisdorf (Austria) and at Siscia (Sisak) and Salona (Solin, Dalmatia)\nin Croatia. The archaeological finds from Dalmatia consist also of epigraphic evidence. A sarcophagus fragment from the necropolis at Manastirine in Salona revealed the name of a glassmaker Paschasius\nor Pascasius, while the southeastern necropolis yielded a marble mould with the inscription Miscenius Ampliatus facit Salonas. The latest discoveries in the area are known from the Roman town of Doclea (Duklja), where three Late Roman glass furnaces were discovered.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":75488368,"asset_id":62855970,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":84319,"first_name":"Irena","last_name":"Lazar","domain_name":"upr-si","page_name":"IrenaLazar","display_name":"Irena Lazar","profile_url":"https://upr-si.academia.edu/IrenaLazar?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/84319/84858/21485701/s65_irena.lazar.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":42366,"name":"Roman Glass","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Glass?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":111893,"name":"Roman Glass, Glass Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Glass_Glass_Technology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":513667,"name":"Oil lamps","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_lamps?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=181781"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37483770" data-work_id="37483770" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37483770/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81%D1%83_Res_%D0%90N_ARTISAN_S_COMPASS_DIVIDER_FROM_THE_LATE_ANTIQUITY_NECROPOLIS_IN_NAISSUS">Шестар занатлије из касноантичке некрополе у Наисусу / Res. АN ARTISAN’S COMPASS - DIVIDER FROM THE LATE ANTIQUITY NECROPOLIS IN NAISSUS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">During systematic archaeological researches which, with minor and major interruptions, have been conducted for 80 years in the area of the late antiquity necropolis of Nais, at today’s city district of Jagodin mala, on the right bank of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37483770" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">During systematic archaeological researches which, with minor and major interruptions, have been conducted for 80 years in the area of the late antiquity necropolis of Nais, at today’s city district of Jagodin mala, on the right bank of the river Nisava, a large number of tombs of different shapes and structures has been registered, which belong to the period from IV to the end of VI or early VII century. The tombs are in most cases oriented west- east, with heads of the deceased on the west side, except in the four examples of north-south direction. One of those tombs is the subject of this paper. It is the tomb with the field number II F-47/1961 registered in the yard of today’s kindergarten “Bubamara” in the medium part of the late antiquity necropolis. The tomb was built in the shape of a sarcophagus, from cut and broken bricks, laid in five rows, connected with mortar. The bottom of the grave was paved with six bricks, the cover was also made of brick, laid in the form of a double pitch roof construction. <br />A mail individual of unknown age was buried into the tomb, who in his left hand had an attached bronze compass - divider (circinus). The compass consists of four parts - two arms, axle and a hinge. Arms of 16 cm length on the outer surfaces were richly ornamented with geometric and figural motifs, divided into six zones, and massive axle head was decorated with radial lines that form eight disparate fields. On the compass arms there are motifs, aligned from the end with circular perforation towards the peak: presentation of the cross type crux imissa, two lines crossed in the letter X shape, presentation of an oblong object with rectangular ends and three circular perforations in the middle (possibly a grater or ascia were presented), two pairs of smaller crossed lines in the letter X shape, presentation of leaf- shaped objects, with one extended and another spiky end, with a central perforation (probably a mattock - pickaxe) and carved leaf-shaped object, of a funnel shape at the top and narrow at the bottom in the shape of a peak (possibly a chisel ). Based on these presentations, it is possible to assume that the compass-divider was used for measures transferring and drawing in relation to a carpentry, eventually stone cutting craft. <br />According to the place of find, as well as on the basis of parallels, a compass from Jagodin mala was placed in IV century. The owner of that beautiful object had probably worked in one of the craft workshops, or maybe owned one, in Naissus, at the times when the city experienced its greatest rise of economy, that is, craft and artistic life.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37483770" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2416b72bf2b8343e673d1c8d2e7d6c88" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57453450,"asset_id":37483770,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57453450/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="22332291" href="https://ai-rs.academia.edu/GordanaJeremic">Gordana Jeremic</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="22332291" type="text/json">{"id":22332291,"first_name":"Gordana","last_name":"Jeremic","domain_name":"ai-rs","page_name":"GordanaJeremic","display_name":"Gordana Jeremic","profile_url":"https://ai-rs.academia.edu/GordanaJeremic?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/22332291/6117032/40042796/s65_gordana.jeremic.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37483770 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37483770"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37483770, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37483770", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37483770 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37483770; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37483770"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37483770 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37483770"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37483770; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37483770]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37483770").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37483770").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37483770"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5041" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Archaeology">Late Antique Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5041" type="text/json">{"id":5041,"name":"Late Antique Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5326" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity">Early Christianity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5326" type="text/json">{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26304" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Archaeology">Late Roman Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26304" type="text/json">{"id":26304,"name":"Late Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="70805" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christian_Archaeology">Early Christian Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="70805" type="text/json">{"id":70805,"name":"Early Christian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christian_Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37483770]'), work: {"id":37483770,"title":"Шестар занатлије из касноантичке некрополе у Наисусу / Res. АN ARTISAN’S COMPASS - DIVIDER FROM THE LATE ANTIQUITY NECROPOLIS IN NAISSUS","created_at":"2018-09-26T10:59:28.673-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37483770/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81%D1%83_Res_%D0%90N_ARTISAN_S_COMPASS_DIVIDER_FROM_THE_LATE_ANTIQUITY_NECROPOLIS_IN_NAISSUS?f_ri=181781","dom_id":"work_37483770","summary":"During systematic archaeological researches which, with minor and major interruptions, have been conducted for 80 years in the area of the late antiquity necropolis of Nais, at today’s city district of Jagodin mala, on the right bank of the river Nisava, a large number of tombs of different shapes and structures has been registered, which belong to the period from IV to the end of VI or early VII century. The tombs are in most cases oriented west- east, with heads of the deceased on the west side, except in the four examples of north-south direction. One of those tombs is the subject of this paper. It is the tomb with the field number II F-47/1961 registered in the yard of today’s kindergarten “Bubamara” in the medium part of the late antiquity necropolis. The tomb was built in the shape of a sarcophagus, from cut and broken bricks, laid in five rows, connected with mortar. The bottom of the grave was paved with six bricks, the cover was also made of brick, laid in the form of a double pitch roof construction. \nA mail individual of unknown age was buried into the tomb, who in his left hand had an attached bronze compass - divider (circinus). The compass consists of four parts - two arms, axle and a hinge. Arms of 16 cm length on the outer surfaces were richly ornamented with geometric and figural motifs, divided into six zones, and massive axle head was decorated with radial lines that form eight disparate fields. On the compass arms there are motifs, aligned from the end with circular perforation towards the peak: presentation of the cross type crux imissa, two lines crossed in the letter X shape, presentation of an oblong object with rectangular ends and three circular perforations in the middle (possibly a grater or ascia were presented), two pairs of smaller crossed lines in the letter X shape, presentation of leaf- shaped objects, with one extended and another spiky end, with a central perforation (probably a mattock - pickaxe) and carved leaf-shaped object, of a funnel shape at the top and narrow at the bottom in the shape of a peak (possibly a chisel ). Based on these presentations, it is possible to assume that the compass-divider was used for measures transferring and drawing in relation to a carpentry, eventually stone cutting craft. \nAccording to the place of find, as well as on the basis of parallels, a compass from Jagodin mala was placed in IV century. The owner of that beautiful object had probably worked in one of the craft workshops, or maybe owned one, in Naissus, at the times when the city experienced its greatest rise of economy, that is, craft and artistic life. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57453450,"asset_id":37483770,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":22332291,"first_name":"Gordana","last_name":"Jeremic","domain_name":"ai-rs","page_name":"GordanaJeremic","display_name":"Gordana Jeremic","profile_url":"https://ai-rs.academia.edu/GordanaJeremic?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/22332291/6117032/40042796/s65_gordana.jeremic.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5041,"name":"Late Antique Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":26304,"name":"Late Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":70805,"name":"Early Christian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christian_Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":80498,"name":"Craftsmen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Craftsmen?f_ri=181781"},{"id":80597,"name":"Roman craftsmen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_craftsmen?f_ri=181781"},{"id":100724,"name":"Early Christianity, Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity_Late_Antiquity?f_ri=181781"},{"id":148649,"name":"Craftsmanship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Craftsmanship?f_ri=181781"},{"id":171747,"name":"Roman Bronzes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Bronzes?f_ri=181781"},{"id":181430,"name":"Roman urban crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_urban_crafts?f_ri=181781"},{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781"},{"id":220671,"name":"Roman Necropolis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Necropolis?f_ri=181781"},{"id":296854,"name":"Roman Tools","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Tools?f_ri=181781"},{"id":431231,"name":"Late antique graves","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_antique_graves?f_ri=181781"},{"id":503410,"name":"Late Roman Necropolis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Necropolis?f_ri=181781"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=181781"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15989259" data-work_id="15989259" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15989259/New_Attribution_of_a_Roman_Bronze_Portrait_from_Pontes_Iron_Gate_Limes_">New Attribution of a Roman Bronze Portrait from Pontes (Iron Gate Limes)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The bronze male portrait was found in the 19th century in the river Danube, near a pillar of a bridge built by Emperor Trajan between A. D. 103 and A. D. 105. The bridge connected the Danube’s banks between Kostol (Pontes) and Turnu... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15989259" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The bronze male portrait was found in the 19th century in the river Danube, near a pillar of a bridge built by Emperor Trajan<br />between A. D. 103 and A. D. 105. The bridge connected the Danube’s banks between Kostol (Pontes) and Turnu Severin<br />(Drobeta). The portrait, dated by stylistic characteristics to the end of the 1st and the beginning of the 2nd century A. D., is<br />hollow-cast, with traces of gilding, and is 29 cm high. It was formerly identified as Trajan’s biological father Marcus Ulpius<br />Traianus Pater. However, it could be part of a life-size statue of Trajan himself that was positioned in the upper part of an<br />arch at one end of the bridge.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15989259" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9ae3c2debd728cb521c8f069be4397f2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38844071,"asset_id":15989259,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38844071/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15789014" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DeanaRatkovic">Deana Ratkovic</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15789014" type="text/json">{"id":15789014,"first_name":"Deana","last_name":"Ratkovic","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DeanaRatkovic","display_name":"Deana Ratkovic","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DeanaRatkovic?f_ri=181781","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15989259 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15989259"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15989259, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15989259", }); 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D. 103 and A. D. 105. The bridge connected the Danube’s banks between Kostol (Pontes) and Turnu Severin\n(Drobeta). The portrait, dated by stylistic characteristics to the end of the 1st and the beginning of the 2nd century A. D., is\nhollow-cast, with traces of gilding, and is 29 cm high. It was formerly identified as Trajan’s biological father Marcus Ulpius\nTraianus Pater. However, it could be part of a life-size statue of Trajan himself that was positioned in the upper part of an\narch at one end of the bridge.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38844071,"asset_id":15989259,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15789014,"first_name":"Deana","last_name":"Ratkovic","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DeanaRatkovic","display_name":"Deana Ratkovic","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DeanaRatkovic?f_ri=181781","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":393,"name":"Classical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":17509,"name":"Jewellery (Craft Knowledge)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewellery_Craft_Knowledge_?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":21324,"name":"Roman Army","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Army?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":90262,"name":"Roman Small 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class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36745989/Leven_aan_de_limes">Leven aan de limes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36745989" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9ce3d76d6fcf3aad6b772a6f8ef618f8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56690835,"asset_id":36745989,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen 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u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="135280" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caesarea_Maritima">Caesarea Maritima</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="135280" type="text/json">{"id":135280,"name":"Caesarea Maritima","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caesarea_Maritima?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="163799" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Mosaics">Roman Mosaics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="163799" type="text/json">{"id":163799,"name":"Roman Mosaics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Mosaics?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="181781" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts">Roman crafts</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="181781" type="text/json">{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="634974" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology">Roman Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="634974" type="text/json">{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=29954833]'), work: {"id":29954833,"title":"Gendelman Peter and Gersht Rivka, 2010, Crafts and Craftsmen in Roman and Byzantine Caesarea, Michmanim 22: 27-48 [Hebrew with English abstract pp. 3*-34*]","created_at":"2016-11-19T00:42:12.470-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29954833/Gendelman_Peter_and_Gersht_Rivka_2010_Crafts_and_Craftsmen_in_Roman_and_Byzantine_Caesarea_Michmanim_22_27_48_Hebrew_with_English_abstract_pp_3_34_?f_ri=181781","dom_id":"work_29954833","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52298540,"asset_id":29954833,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":52556365,"asset_id":29954833,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4181367,"first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Gendelman","domain_name":"antiquities","page_name":"PeterGendelman","display_name":"Peter Gendelman","profile_url":"https://antiquities.academia.edu/PeterGendelman?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4181367/2476551/2877130/s65_peter.gendelman.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":135280,"name":"Caesarea Maritima","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caesarea_Maritima?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":163799,"name":"Roman Mosaics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Mosaics?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29438105 coauthored" data-work_id="29438105" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29438105/Zoomorphic_decorations_from_osseuos_materials_from_Naissus_Ni%C5%A1_SRB_">Zoomorphic decorations from osseuos materials from Naissus (Niš, SRB)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Roman Naissus (modern Niš, Serbia) was one of the most important cities in Late Antiquity in the province of Dacia Mediterranea. Well-developed economy, as well as the fact that this was the birth place of emperor Constantine I (306-337),... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29438105" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Roman Naissus (modern Niš, Serbia) was one of the most important cities in Late Antiquity in the province of Dacia Mediterranea. Well-developed economy, as well as the fact that this was the birth place of emperor Constantine I (306-337), were the main reasons for the city’s prosperity in this period, today visible in rich and diverse archaeological remains, that include secular and sacral buildings, necropolises and individual mausoleums, and very rich portable archaeological material.<br />In one of the luxurious city building, presumably used as palatium for high officials, a large quantity of small decorative objects made from red deer antler was discovered. The find includes zoomorphic and geometrical shapes, decorated by incising and carving. This find represents remains of some sort of panel decoration, probably on (wooden) furniture, that was inlayed into the wood the similar manner as mosaic tiles were arranged to form a composition (in opus sectile technique). This is a unique find in the central Balkan area, and after stylistical traits may be dated from mid- or second half of 4 century AD to 6 century AD. Technological aspects, possible reconstruction and the place of this find within wider context of Late Roman craftsmanship will be discussed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29438105" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fff6a4f056d2f080e9f41bf3659fa7f3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49889254,"asset_id":29438105,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49889254/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="22332291" href="https://ai-rs.academia.edu/GordanaJeremic">Gordana Jeremic</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="22332291" type="text/json">{"id":22332291,"first_name":"Gordana","last_name":"Jeremic","domain_name":"ai-rs","page_name":"GordanaJeremic","display_name":"Gordana Jeremic","profile_url":"https://ai-rs.academia.edu/GordanaJeremic?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/22332291/6117032/40042796/s65_gordana.jeremic.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-29438105">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-29438105"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ai-rs.academia.edu/SelenaVitezovi%C4%87">Selena Vitezović</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-29438105'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-29438105').html(); 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This is a unique find in the central Balkan area, and after stylistical traits may be dated from mid- or second half of 4 century AD to 6 century AD. 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Tracce di profumi e unguenti nell'epigrafia lapidaria della regio VIII. PER FUMUM. Profumi e aromi tra geografia, letteratura, storia e realtà aziendale; Università della Calabria - DiSU, 4 - 6 maggio 2022</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/78120876" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="318b9d01fc82dd179ef73cf86d9293f2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":85279331,"asset_id":78120876,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85279331/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33437384" href="https://unibo.academia.edu/LauraParisini">Laura Parisini</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33437384" type="text/json">{"id":33437384,"first_name":"Laura","last_name":"Parisini","domain_name":"unibo","page_name":"LauraParisini","display_name":"Laura Parisini","profile_url":"https://unibo.academia.edu/LauraParisini?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33437384/9884145/71495876/s65_laura.parisini.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_78120876 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="78120876"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 78120876, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_78120876", }); 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At present, we have about 400 testimonies of this outstanding craftsmanship dating from the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49280170" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In Late Antiquity, colorless glass vessels with engraved figural decoration and inscriptions enjoyed great popularity throughout the Roman Empire. At present, we have about 400 testimonies of this outstanding craftsmanship dating from the late 3rd to the 5th century. The article offers an insight into the author's research on long-neglected questions regarding the production technique in Late Antiquity based on modern examination methods via digital microscope.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49280170" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="93b9feb86d8c6bddca6c43be5837dd9d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67664290,"asset_id":49280170,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67664290/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3353697" href="https://tu-freiberg.academia.edu/StefanieNagel">Stefanie Nagel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3353697" type="text/json">{"id":3353697,"first_name":"Stefanie","last_name":"Nagel","domain_name":"tu-freiberg","page_name":"StefanieNagel","display_name":"Stefanie Nagel","profile_url":"https://tu-freiberg.academia.edu/StefanieNagel?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3353697/1127277/6922740/s65_stefanie.nagel.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49280170 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49280170"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49280170, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49280170", }); 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Artifices Idoneos: Artesanos, talleres y manufacturas en Hispania. Mérida: Archivo Histórico Español CSIC. Instituto Arqueológico de Mérida, 2014. Anejos de AespA LXXI. 482 pàg i ils. 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BERNAL CASASOLA, Darío (eds.) Artifices Idoneos: Artesanos, talleres y manufacturas en Hispania. Mérida: Archivo Histórico Español CSIC. Instituto Arqueológico de Mérida, 2014. Anejos de AespA LXXI. 482 pàg i ils. [28 x 20].","created_at":"2015-10-06T13:36:28.609-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/16520230/BUSTAMANTE_%C3%81LVAREZ_Macarena_BERNAL_CASASOLA_Dar%C3%ADo_eds_Artifices_Idoneos_Artesanos_talleres_y_manufacturas_en_Hispania_M%C3%A9rida_Archivo_Hist%C3%B3rico_Espa%C3%B1ol_CSIC_Instituto_Arqueol%C3%B3gico_de_M%C3%A9rida_2014_Anejos_de_AespA_LXXI_482_p%C3%A0g_i_ils_28_x_20_?f_ri=181781","dom_id":"work_16520230","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39031488,"asset_id":16520230,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10015901,"first_name":"Carlos","last_name":"Palacín","domain_name":"ub","page_name":"CarlosPalacinCopado","display_name":"Carlos Palacín","profile_url":"https://ub.academia.edu/CarlosPalacinCopado?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10015901/3097355/67162200/s65_carlos.palac_n.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":393,"name":"Classical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":33106,"name":"Ancient Craftmanship (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Craftmanship_Archaeology_?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":48523,"name":"Book Reviews","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_Reviews?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":80597,"name":"Roman craftsmen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_craftsmen?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":95735,"name":"Arqueología clásica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arqueolog%C3%ADa_cl%C3%A1sica?f_ri=181781"},{"id":167664,"name":"Arqueología romana / Roman archeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arqueologia_romana_Roman_archeology?f_ri=181781"},{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35652970 coauthored" data-work_id="35652970" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35652970/Multi_crafting_Community_in_the_Roman_Countryside_Results_of_the_Marzuolo_Archaeological_Project_2017">Multi-crafting Community in the Roman Countryside: Results of the Marzuolo Archaeological Project, 2017</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Marzuolo Archaeological Project completed its second season of excavation at Podere Marzuolo (Grosseto, Italy), a Roman period rural production site where evidence for an experimental and standardized phase of terra sigillata pottery... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35652970" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Marzuolo Archaeological Project completed its second season of excavation at Podere Marzuolo (Grosseto, Italy), a Roman period rural production site where evidence for an experimental and standardized phase of terra sigillata pottery has been discovered. The project aims to contextualize technical innovation in ceramic production within a local community of practice and within a broader regional network of production and distribution. The 2017 season specifically sought to uncover kilns and production waste for both phases of pottery production in order to refine our understanding of the technical changes between the two attested productions in the first centuries B.C.E./C.E. Instead of primary ceramic production evidence, however, the most recent excavations revealed evidence for metal production. A set of ironworking tools was discovered inside an opus quasi-reticulatum building, the site's most substantial masonry structure, which has also been associated with the standardized phase of sigillata production. The metalworking tools appear to have been hanging from hooks on the wall or arranged on wooden shelves just inside the wide-open entry-way of a single-roomed cella when the building burned down in the mid-late first century C.E. The remains of a tank lined with cocciopesto in the room to the west, as well as the remains of a large ceramic basin discovered a few meters to the east further characterize this area as an industrial zone. While previous excavations had investigated southern sections of the opus quasi-reticulatum structure, this season produced the first well-preserved occupation levels, significantly clarifying the building's chronology and function. The impetus to regard each craft separately still dominates approaches to Ro-man crafts production, largely overlooking the interaction that occurred between craft producers in a community. How does the practice of multiple crafts simultaneously and in close proximity to one another impact the process of innovation, the transfer of technical knowledge, the organization and social dynamics of pro-duction? Excavations by the Marzuolo Archaeological Project encourage a better contextualization of rural production sites by situating technical change in pottery production within the framework of a purpose-built, multi-crafting community.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35652970" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="df7a9c4eade83dad842e2fe52ecb025c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55522731,"asset_id":35652970,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55522731/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32867186" href="https://uark.academia.edu/RhodoraVennarucci">Rhodora G Vennarucci</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32867186" type="text/json">{"id":32867186,"first_name":"Rhodora","last_name":"Vennarucci","domain_name":"uark","page_name":"RhodoraVennarucci","display_name":"Rhodora G Vennarucci","profile_url":"https://uark.academia.edu/RhodoraVennarucci?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32867186/9784481/47556574/s65_rhodora.vennarucci.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-35652970">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-35652970"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://unimelb.academia.edu/GijsTol">Gijs Tol</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-35652970'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-35652970').html(); 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The project aims to contextualize technical innovation in ceramic production within a local community of practice and within a broader regional network of production and distribution. The 2017 season specifically sought to uncover kilns and production waste for both phases of pottery production in order to refine our understanding of the technical changes between the two attested productions in the first centuries B.C.E./C.E. Instead of primary ceramic production evidence, however, the most recent excavations revealed evidence for metal production. A set of ironworking tools was discovered inside an opus quasi-reticulatum building, the site's most substantial masonry structure, which has also been associated with the standardized phase of sigillata production. The metalworking tools appear to have been hanging from hooks on the wall or arranged on wooden shelves just inside the wide-open entry-way of a single-roomed cella when the building burned down in the mid-late first century C.E. The remains of a tank lined with cocciopesto in the room to the west, as well as the remains of a large ceramic basin discovered a few meters to the east further characterize this area as an industrial zone. While previous excavations had investigated southern sections of the opus quasi-reticulatum structure, this season produced the first well-preserved occupation levels, significantly clarifying the building's chronology and function. The impetus to regard each craft separately still dominates approaches to Ro-man crafts production, largely overlooking the interaction that occurred between craft producers in a community. How does the practice of multiple crafts simultaneously and in close proximity to one another impact the process of innovation, the transfer of technical knowledge, the organization and social dynamics of pro-duction? Excavations by the Marzuolo Archaeological Project encourage a better contextualization of rural production sites by situating technical change in pottery production within the framework of a purpose-built, multi-crafting community.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55522731,"asset_id":35652970,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32867186,"first_name":"Rhodora","last_name":"Vennarucci","domain_name":"uark","page_name":"RhodoraVennarucci","display_name":"Rhodora G Vennarucci","profile_url":"https://uark.academia.edu/RhodoraVennarucci?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32867186/9784481/47556574/s65_rhodora.vennarucci.jpg"},{"id":350069,"first_name":"Gijs","last_name":"Tol","domain_name":"unimelb","page_name":"GijsTol","display_name":"Gijs Tol","profile_url":"https://unimelb.academia.edu/GijsTol?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/350069/290538/343716/s65_gijs.tol.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":393,"name":"Classical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":28337,"name":"Terra Sigillata","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terra_Sigillata?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":29007,"name":"Roman pottery workshops","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_pottery_workshops?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":32541,"name":"Cross-craftsmanship (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross-craftsmanship_Archaeology_?f_ri=181781"},{"id":80597,"name":"Roman craftsmen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_craftsmen?f_ri=181781"},{"id":100166,"name":"Multicrafting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multicrafting?f_ri=181781"},{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781"},{"id":252695,"name":"Roman Rural Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Rural_Production?f_ri=181781"},{"id":1726625,"name":"Cross-Craft Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross-Craft_Interaction?f_ri=181781"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35937108" data-work_id="35937108" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35937108/Estructuras_y_funcionamiento_de_una_herrer%C3%ADa_rural_romana_del_siglo_I_C_Revista_de_Arqueolog%C3%ADa_XVII_182">Estructuras y funcionamiento de una herrería rural romana del siglo I.C. Revista de Arqueología XVII-182</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35937108" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="70cc4e8a29200848efd117d3139e80af" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55818974,"asset_id":35937108,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55818974/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="198978" href="https://ub.academia.edu/VictorRevilla">Victor Revilla Calvo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="198978" type="text/json">{"id":198978,"first_name":"Victor","last_name":"Revilla Calvo","domain_name":"ub","page_name":"VictorRevilla","display_name":"Victor Revilla Calvo","profile_url":"https://ub.academia.edu/VictorRevilla?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/198978/3261741/4023849/s65_revilla.victor.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35937108 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35937108"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35937108, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35937108", }); 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u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Osservazioni su un laterizio romano con impronte di fanciullo da Savignano sul Panaro (MO).</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35263499" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="171fd574aae64ccb9c5268a2382fba47" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55123782,"asset_id":35263499,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button 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u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33404650/I_mestieri_delloro_nel_mondo_romano_testimonianze_dalla_citt%C3%A0_e_dal_territorio_di_Mutina_Atti_e_Memorie_Deputazione_di_Storia_Patria_per_le_Antiche_Provincie_Modenesi_s_XI_39_2017_pp_333_346">I mestieri dell'oro nel mondo romano: testimonianze dalla città e dal territorio di Mutina. Atti e Memorie. Deputazione di Storia Patria per le Antiche Provincie Modenesi, s. XI, 39 (2017), pp. 333-346.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Il saggio è dedicato ad alcune figure professionali del mondo romano legate alla lavorazione e alla vendita dell'oro e di manufatti realizzati con questo metallo prezioso. Nel testo si analizzano in particolare le testimonianze... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33404650" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Il saggio è dedicato ad alcune figure professionali del mondo romano legate alla lavorazione e alla vendita dell'oro e di manufatti realizzati con questo metallo prezioso. Nel testo si analizzano in particolare le testimonianze epigrafiche di Roma e quelle di Mutina nel cui territorio, secondo un'antica tradizione popolare, sarebbe stato possibile estrarre masse aurifere.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33404650" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f6e37dcb7fcee6ba957e68b732eeff37" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53805152,"asset_id":33404650,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53805152/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33437384" href="https://unibo.academia.edu/LauraParisini">Laura Parisini</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33437384" type="text/json">{"id":33437384,"first_name":"Laura","last_name":"Parisini","domain_name":"unibo","page_name":"LauraParisini","display_name":"Laura Parisini","profile_url":"https://unibo.academia.edu/LauraParisini?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33437384/9884145/71495876/s65_laura.parisini.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33404650 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33404650"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33404650, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33404650", }); 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href="https://www.academia.edu/45581144/A_Cholakova_Metalworking_in_Serdica_summary_of_the_data_from_the_excavations_at_St_Nedelya_Square_2015_2018_campaigns_">A. Cholakova. Metalworking in Serdica – summary of the data from the excavations at St. Nedelya Square (2015–2018 campaigns)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The excavations in the northern half of St. Nedelya Square in Sofia in 2015–2018 provided new information on the processing of metals in the central part of ancient Serdica, adding evidence about the application of various technologies,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45581144" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The excavations in the northern half of St. Nedelya Square in Sofia in 2015–2018 provided new information on the processing of metals in the central part of ancient Serdica, adding evidence about the application<br />of various technologies, some of which are now identified for the first time at an archaeological site in present-day Bulgaria. This preliminary short communication aims to summarize the most important part of the new information on metalworking crafts in this Roman city and their significance in the general context of the development of Serdica.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45581144" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9eb992aacf5e23ef604a5a0290550b7d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66058440,"asset_id":45581144,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66058440/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16534549" href="https://naim.academia.edu/AnastasiaCholakova">Anastasia Cholakova</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16534549" type="text/json">{"id":16534549,"first_name":"Anastasia","last_name":"Cholakova","domain_name":"naim","page_name":"AnastasiaCholakova","display_name":"Anastasia Cholakova","profile_url":"https://naim.academia.edu/AnastasiaCholakova?f_ri=181781","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45581144 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45581144"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45581144, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45581144", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_45581144 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45581144; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_45581144"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_45581144 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45581144"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45581144; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45581144]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45581144").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45581144").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45581144"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24522" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeometallurgy">Archaeometallurgy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24522" type="text/json">{"id":24522,"name":"Archaeometallurgy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeometallurgy?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="51770" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Serdica">Serdica</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="51770" type="text/json">{"id":51770,"name":"Serdica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Serdica?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="181430" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_urban_crafts">Roman urban crafts</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="181430" type="text/json">{"id":181430,"name":"Roman urban crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_urban_crafts?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="181781" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts">Roman crafts</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="181781" type="text/json">{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45581144]'), work: {"id":45581144,"title":"A. Cholakova. Metalworking in Serdica – summary of the data from the excavations at St. Nedelya Square (2015–2018 campaigns)","created_at":"2021-03-19T06:43:45.087-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45581144/A_Cholakova_Metalworking_in_Serdica_summary_of_the_data_from_the_excavations_at_St_Nedelya_Square_2015_2018_campaigns_?f_ri=181781","dom_id":"work_45581144","summary":"The excavations in the northern half of St. Nedelya Square in Sofia in 2015–2018 provided new information on the processing of metals in the central part of ancient Serdica, adding evidence about the application\nof various technologies, some of which are now identified for the first time at an archaeological site in present-day Bulgaria. This preliminary short communication aims to summarize the most important part of the new information on metalworking crafts in this Roman city and their significance in the general context of the development of Serdica.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66058440,"asset_id":45581144,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16534549,"first_name":"Anastasia","last_name":"Cholakova","domain_name":"naim","page_name":"AnastasiaCholakova","display_name":"Anastasia Cholakova","profile_url":"https://naim.academia.edu/AnastasiaCholakova?f_ri=181781","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":24522,"name":"Archaeometallurgy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeometallurgy?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":51770,"name":"Serdica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Serdica?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":181430,"name":"Roman urban crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_urban_crafts?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=181781"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20001694" data-work_id="20001694" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20001694/THE_PHOENIX_RISES_The_Reconstruction_and_Firing_of_a_La_T%C3%A8ne_III_Derived_Surface_Built_Roman_Kiln_at_Segedunum_Wallsend">THE PHOENIX RISES: The Reconstruction and Firing of a La Tène III-Derived, Surface Built, Roman Kiln at Segedunum, Wallsend</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">This paper records the experimental construction and firing of a simple Romano-British kiln at Segedunum Roman Fort on Hadrian's Wall. It includes details of the construction using turf and clay and the first two firings.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20001694" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7d0480fbf02f8394eda42a5347720397" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40951703,"asset_id":20001694,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40951703/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="435173" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GrahamTaylor">Graham Taylor</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="435173" type="text/json">{"id":435173,"first_name":"Graham","last_name":"Taylor","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GrahamTaylor","display_name":"Graham Taylor","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GrahamTaylor?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/435173/9567693/26702867/s65_graham.taylor.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20001694 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20001694"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20001694, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20001694", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20001694]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_20001694").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_20001694").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="20001694"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20728" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Pottery">Roman Pottery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="20728" type="text/json">{"id":20728,"name":"Roman Pottery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Pottery?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29005" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Pottery_Kilns">Roman Pottery Kilns</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="29005" type="text/json">{"id":29005,"name":"Roman Pottery Kilns","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Pottery_Kilns?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29007" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_pottery_workshops">Roman pottery workshops</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="29007" type="text/json">{"id":29007,"name":"Roman pottery workshops","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_pottery_workshops?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44901" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery">Pottery</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="44901" type="text/json">{"id":44901,"name":"Pottery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=20001694]'), work: {"id":20001694,"title":"THE PHOENIX RISES: The Reconstruction and Firing of a La Tène III-Derived, Surface Built, Roman Kiln at Segedunum, Wallsend","created_at":"2016-01-04T02:00:17.501-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/20001694/THE_PHOENIX_RISES_The_Reconstruction_and_Firing_of_a_La_T%C3%A8ne_III_Derived_Surface_Built_Roman_Kiln_at_Segedunum_Wallsend?f_ri=181781","dom_id":"work_20001694","summary":"This paper records the experimental construction and firing of a simple Romano-British kiln at Segedunum Roman Fort on Hadrian's Wall. It includes details of the construction using turf and clay and the first two firings.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40951703,"asset_id":20001694,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":435173,"first_name":"Graham","last_name":"Taylor","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GrahamTaylor","display_name":"Graham Taylor","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GrahamTaylor?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/435173/9567693/26702867/s65_graham.taylor.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":20728,"name":"Roman Pottery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Pottery?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":29005,"name":"Roman Pottery Kilns","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Pottery_Kilns?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":29007,"name":"Roman pottery workshops","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_pottery_workshops?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":44901,"name":"Pottery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":124366,"name":"Pottery kilns","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_kilns?f_ri=181781"},{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=181781"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35439416" data-work_id="35439416" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35439416/Review_H_E_M_COOL_The_Small_Finds_and_Vessel_Glass_from_Insula_VI_1_Pompeii_Excavations_1995_2006_Archaeopress_Roman_Archaeology_17_Oxford_2016_By_Kordula_GOSTENCNIK_In_Carinthia_I_207_2017_590_599">Review: H. E. M. COOL, The Small Finds and Vessel Glass from Insula VI.1 Pompeii: Excavations 1995–2006. Archaeopress Roman Archaeology 17 (Oxford 2016). By Kordula GOSTENCNIK. In: Carinthia I 207, 2017, 590-599.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Der Band ist eine willkommene Studie zu Fundmaterial, das einen breiten Einblick in eine pompejanische Insula und ihre Alltagswelt bietet. Die darin präsentierten Funde beleuchten, sehr kleinteilig, viele Aspekte im Tagesablauf von... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35439416" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Der Band ist eine willkommene Studie zu Fundmaterial, das einen breiten Einblick in eine pompejanische Insula und ihre Alltagswelt bietet. Die darin präsentierten Funde beleuchten, sehr kleinteilig, viele Aspekte im Tagesablauf von Bewohnerinnen und Bewohnern dieser Insula, lenken bis zu einem gewissen Maß aber auch den Blick auf jene Sozialstrukturen, welche für ein Stadtbild nun einmal prägend sind. Bearbeitet wurde sowohl das Material der unmittelbar letzten Nutzungsphase vor der endgültigen Zerstörung und Verschüttung als auch jenes aller älteren Horizonte, was dem Kenntnisstand zu Aufkommen, Entwicklung und Verbreitung der diversen Artefakte zugutekommt.<br /><br />Die Monographie zeigt einmal mehr die Wichtigkeit zeitlich abgeschlossener Horizonte mit großen Fundmengen. Die Schwerpunkte mögen andere sein, die meisten Studien zur materiellen Kultur werden bei künftigen Bearbeitungen vergleichbarer Zeitstellung ohne diese Funde aus Pompeji aber nicht auskommen können.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35439416" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ff561c8ab3da10f396ba49fc6f5c9bb6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55341470,"asset_id":35439416,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55341470/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13410312" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KordulaGostencnik">Kordula Gostencnik</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13410312" type="text/json">{"id":13410312,"first_name":"Kordula","last_name":"Gostencnik","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KordulaGostencnik","display_name":"Kordula Gostencnik","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KordulaGostencnik?f_ri=181781","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35439416 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35439416"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35439416, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35439416", }); 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E. M. COOL, The Small Finds and Vessel Glass from Insula VI.1 Pompeii: Excavations 1995–2006. Archaeopress Roman Archaeology 17 (Oxford 2016). By Kordula GOSTENCNIK. In: Carinthia I 207, 2017, 590-599.","created_at":"2017-12-15T10:21:11.495-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35439416/Review_H_E_M_COOL_The_Small_Finds_and_Vessel_Glass_from_Insula_VI_1_Pompeii_Excavations_1995_2006_Archaeopress_Roman_Archaeology_17_Oxford_2016_By_Kordula_GOSTENCNIK_In_Carinthia_I_207_2017_590_599?f_ri=181781","dom_id":"work_35439416","summary":"Der Band ist eine willkommene Studie zu Fundmaterial, das einen breiten Einblick in eine pompejanische Insula und ihre Alltagswelt bietet. Die darin präsentierten Funde beleuchten, sehr kleinteilig, viele Aspekte im Tagesablauf von Bewohnerinnen und Bewohnern dieser Insula, lenken bis zu einem gewissen Maß aber auch den Blick auf jene Sozialstrukturen, welche für ein Stadtbild nun einmal prägend sind. Bearbeitet wurde sowohl das Material der unmittelbar letzten Nutzungsphase vor der endgültigen Zerstörung und Verschüttung als auch jenes aller älteren Horizonte, was dem Kenntnisstand zu Aufkommen, Entwicklung und Verbreitung der diversen Artefakte zugutekommt.\n\nDie Monographie zeigt einmal mehr die Wichtigkeit zeitlich abgeschlossener Horizonte mit großen Fundmengen. Die Schwerpunkte mögen andere sein, die meisten Studien zur materiellen Kultur werden bei künftigen Bearbeitungen vergleichbarer Zeitstellung ohne diese Funde aus Pompeji aber nicht auskommen können.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55341470,"asset_id":35439416,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13410312,"first_name":"Kordula","last_name":"Gostencnik","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KordulaGostencnik","display_name":"Kordula Gostencnik","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KordulaGostencnik?f_ri=181781","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":393,"name":"Classical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Archaeology?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":829,"name":"Roman 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u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30972352" data-work_id="30972352" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30972352/La_c%C3%A9ramique_antique_des_sites_r%C3%A9cemment_d%C3%A9couverts_entre_la_haute_vall%C3%A9e_de_la_Leyre_et_le_sud_de_Mont_de_Marsan_2007_">La céramique antique des sites récemment découverts entre la haute vallée de la Leyre et le sud de Mont-de-Marsan (2007)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30972352" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span 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class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5387753" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DidierVIGNAUD">Didier VIGNAUD</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5387753" type="text/json">{"id":5387753,"first_name":"Didier","last_name":"VIGNAUD","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DidierVIGNAUD","display_name":"Didier VIGNAUD","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DidierVIGNAUD?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5387753/15420275/38585777/s65_didier.vignaud.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30972352 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30972352"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30972352, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30972352", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30972352 InlineList-item 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="383" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies">European Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="383" type="text/json">{"id":383,"name":"European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20728" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Pottery">Roman Pottery</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="20728" type="text/json">{"id":20728,"name":"Roman Pottery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Pottery?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new 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VIGNAUD","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DidierVIGNAUD?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5387753/15420275/38585777/s65_didier.vignaud.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":383,"name":"European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":20728,"name":"Roman 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Aquitaine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Aquitaine?f_ri=181781"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32264773" data-work_id="32264773" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32264773/PURPUREAE_VESTES_VI_2016_Poster_La_produzione_tessile_a_Mutina_il_caso_della_Villa_della_Scartazza_Textile_production_in_Mutina_The_case_of_the_villa_Scartazza_Modena_Italy_">PURPUREAE VESTES VI 2016-Poster_La produzione tessile a Mutina: il caso della Villa della Scartazza/Textile production in Mutina. The case of the villa Scartazza (Modena, Italy)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The city of Mutina (Modena) was known throughout the Roman world for the quality of its wool and the textile production, in various way, was in Roman times an engine of economic development and social mobility. The literary and epigraphic... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32264773" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The city of Mutina (Modena) was known throughout the Roman world for the quality of its wool and the textile production, in various way, was in Roman times an engine of economic development and social mobility.<br />The literary and epigraphic sources are quite clear in this regard. Near the city, at the Campi Macri, starting from the beginning of the imperial age the most important suburban cattle fair in north Italy took place. Here also went Turranius Niger, to whom Varro dedicated his book on ars pecuaria (rust. 2, praef. 6). The archaeological evidence related to this important productive sector of Mutina has been more elusive. Apart from the epigraphic data, the subject of interest have been loom weights of truncated pyramidal shape decorated using matrix stamps. No installation intended for sheep keeping, or the various activities related to the processing of wool (lanariae, textrinae and fullonicae) has been so far identified. In the light of the review of old discoveries, it is however possible to suggest the presence of a textile workshop at the villa Scartazza, partially excavated in 1877. Of particular interest is the transformation of the residential part into a productive installation through the inclusion of dolia in the masonry and the presence of adjacent areas, of which at least one is interpretable as a tub with a drain channel, arranged on two levels. Interesting is also the finding of various balance weights and an aequipondium for scales of large dimensions, possibly usable for weighing of large quantities of wool or textiles. The villa is located in a favorable position for the implantation of a textile workshop, ca. 200 m south of the Via Aemilia and not far from the course of the river Panaro (Scultenna), on whose banks Strabo (5, 12) noted a pasture for sheep with precious wool.<br />/<br />La città di Mutina (Modena) era rinomata in tutto il mondo romano per la qualità delle sue lane e la produzione tessile, nei vari suoi aspetti, è stata in età romana un motore di sviluppo economico e di mobilità sociale. Le fonti letterarie ed epigrafiche sono piuttosto chiare al riguardo. <br />Nei pressi della città, ai Campi Macri, si tenne inoltre fino alla prima età imperiale la più importante fiera extraurbana nord-italica di bestiame. Qui si recava anche Turranius Niger, a cui Varrone dedicò il suo libro sull’ars pecuaria (rust. 2, praef. 6). <br />Il dato archeologico legato a questo importante settore produttivo di Mutina risulta invece più sfuggente. Oggetto di interesse sono stati soprattutto, accanto ai dati epigrafici, i pesi fittili da telaio di forma tronco-piramidale decorati a matrice. Nessun impianto destinato all’allevamento ovino o alle varie attività legate alla lavorazione della lana (lanariae, textrinae e fullonicae) è stato invece finora individuato.<br />Appare invece possibile ipotizzare, alla luce del riesame di vecchi rinvenimenti, la presenza di un laboratorio tessile presso la villa della Scartazza, parzialmente scavata nel 1877. Di particolare interesse è la trasformazione della parte residenziale in impianto produttivo con l’inserimento di dolia nelle murature e la presenza di ambienti contigui, di cui almeno uno interpretabile come vasca con canaletta di scolo, disposti su due livelli. Interessante è inoltre il rinvenimento di vari pesi per bilancia e di un aequipondium per stadera di grosse dimensioni, utilizzabili per la pesatura anche di grossi quantitativi di lane o tessuti.<br />La villa si trova infine in posizione favorevole all’impianto di un laboratorio tessile ca. 200 m a sud della via Aemilia e a poca distanza dal corso del fiume Panaro (Scultenna), presso le cui sponde Strabone (5, 12) ricorda il pascolo delle pecore dalla pregiatissima lana.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32264773" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="81f3fdff2e31ff29274a27e5f4416ff3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52483836,"asset_id":32264773,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52483836/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1937362" href="https://denkmalpflege-bw.academia.edu/CarlaCorti">Carla Corti</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1937362" type="text/json">{"id":1937362,"first_name":"Carla","last_name":"Corti","domain_name":"denkmalpflege-bw","page_name":"CarlaCorti","display_name":"Carla Corti","profile_url":"https://denkmalpflege-bw.academia.edu/CarlaCorti?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1937362/1485130/1811022/s65_carla.corti.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32264773 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32264773"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32264773, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32264773", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_32264773 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32264773; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_32264773"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_32264773 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="32264773"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32264773; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32264773]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32264773").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32264773").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32264773"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2320" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Textiles">Textiles</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2320" type="text/json">{"id":2320,"name":"Textiles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Textiles?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15481" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Villae">Roman Villae</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15481" type="text/json">{"id":15481,"name":"Roman Villae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Villae?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23640" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy">Roman Economy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23640" type="text/json">{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31045" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Textile_Production">Roman Textile Production</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="31045" type="text/json">{"id":31045,"name":"Roman Textile Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Textile_Production?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32264773]'), work: {"id":32264773,"title":"PURPUREAE VESTES VI 2016-Poster_La produzione tessile a Mutina: il caso della Villa della Scartazza/Textile production in Mutina. The case of the villa Scartazza (Modena, Italy)","created_at":"2017-04-05T00:04:50.796-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32264773/PURPUREAE_VESTES_VI_2016_Poster_La_produzione_tessile_a_Mutina_il_caso_della_Villa_della_Scartazza_Textile_production_in_Mutina_The_case_of_the_villa_Scartazza_Modena_Italy_?f_ri=181781","dom_id":"work_32264773","summary":"The city of Mutina (Modena) was known throughout the Roman world for the quality of its wool and the textile production, in various way, was in Roman times an engine of economic development and social mobility.\nThe literary and epigraphic sources are quite clear in this regard. Near the city, at the Campi Macri, starting from the beginning of the imperial age the most important suburban cattle fair in north Italy took place. Here also went Turranius Niger, to whom Varro dedicated his book on ars pecuaria (rust. 2, praef. 6). The archaeological evidence related to this important productive sector of Mutina has been more elusive. Apart from the epigraphic data, the subject of interest have been loom weights of truncated pyramidal shape decorated using matrix stamps. No installation intended for sheep keeping, or the various activities related to the processing of wool (lanariae, textrinae and fullonicae) has been so far identified. In the light of the review of old discoveries, it is however possible to suggest the presence of a textile workshop at the villa Scartazza, partially excavated in 1877. Of particular interest is the transformation of the residential part into a productive installation through the inclusion of dolia in the masonry and the presence of adjacent areas, of which at least one is interpretable as a tub with a drain channel, arranged on two levels. Interesting is also the finding of various balance weights and an aequipondium for scales of large dimensions, possibly usable for weighing of large quantities of wool or textiles. The villa is located in a favorable position for the implantation of a textile workshop, ca. 200 m south of the Via Aemilia and not far from the course of the river Panaro (Scultenna), on whose banks Strabo (5, 12) noted a pasture for sheep with precious wool.\n/\nLa città di Mutina (Modena) era rinomata in tutto il mondo romano per la qualità delle sue lane e la produzione tessile, nei vari suoi aspetti, è stata in età romana un motore di sviluppo economico e di mobilità sociale. Le fonti letterarie ed epigrafiche sono piuttosto chiare al riguardo. \nNei pressi della città, ai Campi Macri, si tenne inoltre fino alla prima età imperiale la più importante fiera extraurbana nord-italica di bestiame. Qui si recava anche Turranius Niger, a cui Varrone dedicò il suo libro sull’ars pecuaria (rust. 2, praef. 6). \nIl dato archeologico legato a questo importante settore produttivo di Mutina risulta invece più sfuggente. Oggetto di interesse sono stati soprattutto, accanto ai dati epigrafici, i pesi fittili da telaio di forma tronco-piramidale decorati a matrice. Nessun impianto destinato all’allevamento ovino o alle varie attività legate alla lavorazione della lana (lanariae, textrinae e fullonicae) è stato invece finora individuato.\nAppare invece possibile ipotizzare, alla luce del riesame di vecchi rinvenimenti, la presenza di un laboratorio tessile presso la villa della Scartazza, parzialmente scavata nel 1877. Di particolare interesse è la trasformazione della parte residenziale in impianto produttivo con l’inserimento di dolia nelle murature e la presenza di ambienti contigui, di cui almeno uno interpretabile come vasca con canaletta di scolo, disposti su due livelli. Interessante è inoltre il rinvenimento di vari pesi per bilancia e di un aequipondium per stadera di grosse dimensioni, utilizzabili per la pesatura anche di grossi quantitativi di lane o tessuti.\nLa villa si trova infine in posizione favorevole all’impianto di un laboratorio tessile ca. 200 m a sud della via Aemilia e a poca distanza dal corso del fiume Panaro (Scultenna), presso le cui sponde Strabone (5, 12) ricorda il pascolo delle pecore dalla pregiatissima lana.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52483836,"asset_id":32264773,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1937362,"first_name":"Carla","last_name":"Corti","domain_name":"denkmalpflege-bw","page_name":"CarlaCorti","display_name":"Carla Corti","profile_url":"https://denkmalpflege-bw.academia.edu/CarlaCorti?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1937362/1485130/1811022/s65_carla.corti.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2320,"name":"Textiles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Textiles?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":15481,"name":"Roman Villae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Villae?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":31045,"name":"Roman Textile Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Textile_Production?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":43197,"name":"Roman rural settlements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_rural_settlements?f_ri=181781"},{"id":94620,"name":"Roman trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_trade?f_ri=181781"},{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781"},{"id":283125,"name":"Wool","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wool?f_ri=181781"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=181781"},{"id":2675715,"name":"Roman stone weights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_stone_weights?f_ri=181781"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31147163" data-work_id="31147163" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31147163/A_Carbone_Le_petit_mobilier_de_Saint_Vulbas_Ain_%C3%A9tude_et_essai_de_caract%C3%A9risation_des_activit%C3%A9s_dun_quartier_artisanal_M%C3%A9moire_M2_dir_M_Poux_M_Feug%C3%A8re_Universit%C3%A9_Lumi%C3%A8re_Lyon_2_2015">A. Carbone, Le petit mobilier de Saint-Vulbas (Ain) : étude et essai de caractérisation des activités d'un quartier artisanal, Mémoire M2 (dir. M. Poux, M. Feugère), Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2015</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31147163" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="34358200bb77de4bee44dfeb883c8e09" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51581848,"asset_id":31147163,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51581848/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2565113" href="https://eveha.academia.edu/AntonyCarbone">Antony Carbone</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2565113" type="text/json">{"id":2565113,"first_name":"Antony","last_name":"Carbone","domain_name":"eveha","page_name":"AntonyCarbone","display_name":"Antony Carbone","profile_url":"https://eveha.academia.edu/AntonyCarbone?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2565113/1062525/1403159/s65_antony.carbone.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31147163 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31147163"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31147163, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31147163", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_31147163 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31147163; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_31147163"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_31147163 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="31147163"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31147163; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31147163]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31147163").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31147163").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31147163"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="90262" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Small_Finds">Roman Small Finds</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="90262" type="text/json">{"id":90262,"name":"Roman Small Finds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Small_Finds?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="181781" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts">Roman crafts</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="181781" type="text/json">{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31147163]'), work: {"id":31147163,"title":"A. Carbone, Le petit mobilier de Saint-Vulbas (Ain) : étude et essai de caractérisation des activités d'un quartier artisanal, Mémoire M2 (dir. M. Poux, M. Feugère), Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2015","created_at":"2017-02-01T05:13:26.385-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31147163/A_Carbone_Le_petit_mobilier_de_Saint_Vulbas_Ain_%C3%A9tude_et_essai_de_caract%C3%A9risation_des_activit%C3%A9s_dun_quartier_artisanal_M%C3%A9moire_M2_dir_M_Poux_M_Feug%C3%A8re_Universit%C3%A9_Lumi%C3%A8re_Lyon_2_2015?f_ri=181781","dom_id":"work_31147163","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51581848,"asset_id":31147163,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2565113,"first_name":"Antony","last_name":"Carbone","domain_name":"eveha","page_name":"AntonyCarbone","display_name":"Antony Carbone","profile_url":"https://eveha.academia.edu/AntonyCarbone?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2565113/1062525/1403159/s65_antony.carbone.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":90262,"name":"Roman Small Finds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Small_Finds?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_62838228" data-work_id="62838228" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/62838228/Le_mobilier_osseux_analyse_technologique_et_typologique_du_mat%C3%A9riel_arch%C3%A9ologique_des_fouilles_de_Beyrouth_de_la_p%C3%A9riode_hell%C3%A9nistique_%C3%A0_la_p%C3%A9riode_protobyzantine_">Le mobilier osseux : analyse technologique et typologique du matériel archéologique des fouilles de Beyrouth (de la période hellénistique à la période protobyzantine)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Thèse présentée pour l’obtention du grade de Docteur de secteur de recherche : Histoire et Archéologie des Mondes Anciens et Médiévaux, de l’Art Ancien, sous la direction de Prof. Nadine Dieudonné-Glad (Université de Poitiers) et Prof.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_62838228" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Thèse présentée pour l’obtention du grade de Docteur de secteur de recherche :  Histoire et Archéologie des Mondes Anciens et Médiévaux, de l’Art Ancien, sous la direction de Prof. Nadine Dieudonné-Glad (Université de Poitiers) et Prof. Corine Yazbeck (Université Libanaise). <br /><br />Summary of the thesis:<br />Artefacts made from bone and related materials from excavated sites in the Near East are rarely studied or published. This is due to the fact that these artefacts were ignored in favor of others produced from different raw materials. The corpus of 37 sites, most of which originating from recently excavated sites in Beirut (2005-2017), delivered substantial amounts of artefacts made of bone and related materials. This thesis aims to bring additional and major data related to such artefacts dating from the Hellenistic, the Roman and the Proto-Byzantine periods. This study focuses on two main aspects: technical and typological.<br /><br />The technical aspects of these crafts are developed through the study of the morphological characteristics, raw material acquisition and the manufacturing techniques used on bone and related materials. A number of manufacturing techniques were identified through the study of the traces of tools left on the waste materials, the blanks, as well as on the completed and unfinished objects. This allowed to retrace the craftsmen’s techniques and led to the identification of operational chains specific to each category of artefact. Furthermore, the study of the distribution of these artefacts has enabled us to locate workshop areas in the city of Beirut during Roman times.<br /><br />The typological aspect is based on the morphological study of the finished objects where each type is described, and studied through its geographical distribution. The dating of the artefacts was based on known parallels but also on the basis of the stratigraphy and the archaeological contexts. Their function is suggested on the basis of previous published works in addition to written or iconographic ancient sources. The data is then interpreted while taking into account the archaeological context, which allowed us to highlight important aspects such as the lifeways of the inhabitants of Beirut during Hellenistic, Roman and Proto-Byzantine eras, as well as their social traditions and funerary practices.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/62838228" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5449744" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KarlAZZAM">Karl AZZAM</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5449744" type="text/json">{"id":5449744,"first_name":"Karl","last_name":"AZZAM","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KarlAZZAM","display_name":"Karl AZZAM","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KarlAZZAM?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5449744/2393697/3491530/s65_karl.azzam.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_62838228 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="62838228"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 62838228, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_62838228", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_62838228 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62838228; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_62838228"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_62838228 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="62838228"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62838228; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=62838228]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_62838228").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_62838228").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="62838228"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_and_Antler">Bone and Antler</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10139" type="text/json">{"id":10139,"name":"Bone and Antler","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_and_Antler?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35794" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_Technology_Archaeology_">Bone Technology (Archaeology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35794" type="text/json">{"id":35794,"name":"Bone Technology (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_Technology_Archaeology_?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="45002" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_Industry">Bone Industry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="45002" type="text/json">{"id":45002,"name":"Bone Industry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_Industry?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="84916" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beirut">Beirut</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="84916" type="text/json">{"id":84916,"name":"Beirut","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beirut?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=62838228]'), work: {"id":62838228,"title":"Le mobilier osseux : analyse technologique et typologique du matériel archéologique des fouilles de Beyrouth (de la période hellénistique à la période protobyzantine)","created_at":"2021-12-01T03:45:17.803-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/62838228/Le_mobilier_osseux_analyse_technologique_et_typologique_du_mat%C3%A9riel_arch%C3%A9ologique_des_fouilles_de_Beyrouth_de_la_p%C3%A9riode_hell%C3%A9nistique_%C3%A0_la_p%C3%A9riode_protobyzantine_?f_ri=181781","dom_id":"work_62838228","summary":"Thèse présentée pour l’obtention du grade de Docteur de secteur de recherche : Histoire et Archéologie des Mondes Anciens et Médiévaux, de l’Art Ancien, sous la direction de Prof. Nadine Dieudonné-Glad (Université de Poitiers) et Prof. Corine Yazbeck (Université Libanaise). \n\nSummary of the thesis:\nArtefacts made from bone and related materials from excavated sites in the Near East are rarely studied or published. This is due to the fact that these artefacts were ignored in favor of others produced from different raw materials. The corpus of 37 sites, most of which originating from recently excavated sites in Beirut (2005-2017), delivered substantial amounts of artefacts made of bone and related materials. This thesis aims to bring additional and major data related to such artefacts dating from the Hellenistic, the Roman and the Proto-Byzantine periods. This study focuses on two main aspects: technical and typological.\n\nThe technical aspects of these crafts are developed through the study of the morphological characteristics, raw material acquisition and the manufacturing techniques used on bone and related materials. A number of manufacturing techniques were identified through the study of the traces of tools left on the waste materials, the blanks, as well as on the completed and unfinished objects. This allowed to retrace the craftsmen’s techniques and led to the identification of operational chains specific to each category of artefact. Furthermore, the study of the distribution of these artefacts has enabled us to locate workshop areas in the city of Beirut during Roman times.\n\nThe typological aspect is based on the morphological study of the finished objects where each type is described, and studied through its geographical distribution. The dating of the artefacts was based on known parallels but also on the basis of the stratigraphy and the archaeological contexts. Their function is suggested on the basis of previous published works in addition to written or iconographic ancient sources. The data is then interpreted while taking into account the archaeological context, which allowed us to highlight important aspects such as the lifeways of the inhabitants of Beirut during Hellenistic, Roman and Proto-Byzantine eras, as well as their social traditions and funerary practices.\n","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5449744,"first_name":"Karl","last_name":"AZZAM","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KarlAZZAM","display_name":"Karl AZZAM","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KarlAZZAM?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5449744/2393697/3491530/s65_karl.azzam.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10139,"name":"Bone and Antler","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_and_Antler?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":35794,"name":"Bone Technology (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_Technology_Archaeology_?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":45002,"name":"Bone Industry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_Industry?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":84916,"name":"Beirut","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beirut?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":84920,"name":"Beirut Urban Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beirut_Urban_Archaeology?f_ri=181781"},{"id":119264,"name":"Bone Tools","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_Tools?f_ri=181781"},{"id":181781,"name":"Roman crafts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_crafts?f_ri=181781"},{"id":228608,"name":"Ivory and bone technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ivory_and_bone_technology?f_ri=181781"},{"id":233018,"name":"Ivory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ivory?f_ri=181781"},{"id":242249,"name":"Ivory Carving","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ivory_Carving?f_ri=181781"},{"id":429262,"name":"Ivory and Bone Working","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ivory_and_Bone_Working?f_ri=181781"},{"id":528368,"name":"Bones Ivory Artefacts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bones_Ivory_Artefacts?f_ri=181781"},{"id":601168,"name":"Antler, bone, horn \u0026 ivory artefacts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antler_bone_horn_and_ivory_artefacts?f_ri=181781"},{"id":742342,"name":"Bone, antler, ivory and horn working","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_antler_ivory_and_horn_working?f_ri=181781"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30991259" data-work_id="30991259" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30991259/Arengosse_Landes_loccupation_antique_de_B%C3%A9zaudun_Etat_actuel_des_donn%C3%A9es_2004_pdf">Arengosse (Landes) : l'occupation antique de Bézaudun. Etat actuel des données.2004 .pdf</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Etat en 2004 de l'occupation antique du sud de la commune d'Arengosse (Landes) sur l'ancienne paroisse de Bézaudun.<br />Cette occupation est importante avec des indices dont la chronologie va du Néolithique final jusqu'au Bas Moyen-Âge.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30991259" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3dfa03be6027f81802c28e9fb6cbc668" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51423483,"asset_id":30991259,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51423483/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5387753" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DidierVIGNAUD">Didier VIGNAUD</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5387753" type="text/json">{"id":5387753,"first_name":"Didier","last_name":"VIGNAUD","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DidierVIGNAUD","display_name":"Didier VIGNAUD","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DidierVIGNAUD?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5387753/15420275/38585777/s65_didier.vignaud.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30991259 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30991259"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30991259, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30991259", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30991259]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30991259").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30991259").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30991259"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">23</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="383" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies">European Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="383" type="text/json">{"id":383,"name":"European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12523" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Europe_Archaeology_">Bronze Age Europe (Archaeology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12523" type="text/json">{"id":12523,"name":"Bronze Age Europe (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Europe_Archaeology_?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16846" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archetypes">Archetypes</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16846" type="text/json">{"id":16846,"name":"Archetypes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archetypes?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21598" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brick_and_tile_Archaeology_">Brick and tile (Archaeology)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="21598" type="text/json">{"id":21598,"name":"Brick and tile (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brick_and_tile_Archaeology_?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30991259]'), work: {"id":30991259,"title":"Arengosse (Landes) : l'occupation antique de Bézaudun. 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","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51423483,"asset_id":30991259,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5387753,"first_name":"Didier","last_name":"VIGNAUD","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DidierVIGNAUD","display_name":"Didier VIGNAUD","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DidierVIGNAUD?f_ri=181781","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5387753/15420275/38585777/s65_didier.vignaud.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":383,"name":"European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":12523,"name":"Bronze Age Europe (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Europe_Archaeology_?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":16846,"name":"Archetypes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archetypes?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":21598,"name":"Brick and tile 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latina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraf%C3%ADa_latina?f_ri=181781"},{"id":369515,"name":"Latin Inscriptions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Inscriptions?f_ri=181781"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=181781"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35439387" data-work_id="35439387" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35439387/Review_Christer_BRUUN_Jonathan_EDMONDSON_eds_The_Oxford_Handbook_of_Roman_Epigraphy_Oxford_New_York_etc_2015_By_Kordula_GOSTENCNIK_In_Carinthia_I_207_2017_585_590">Review: Christer BRUUN - Jonathan EDMONDSON (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy (Oxford – New York etc. 2015). By Kordula GOSTENCNIK. In: Carinthia I 207, 2017, 585-590.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Die altertumswissenschaftlichen Handbücher der Oxford University Press umfassen inzwischen eine breite Vielfalt an Themen, die nicht nur einen Überblick zum aktuellen Stand der Forschung bieten und grundlegende Fragestellungen innerhalb... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35439387" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Die altertumswissenschaftlichen Handbücher der Oxford University Press umfassen inzwischen eine breite Vielfalt an Themen, die nicht nur einen Überblick zum aktuellen Stand der Forschung bieten und grundlegende Fragestellungen innerhalb der diversen Fachdisziplinen erörtern, sondern auch Anregungen geben für eigene Überlegungen. Da Autorinnen und Autoren herangezogen werden, deren unmittelbarer Forschungsgegenstand sich im Inhalt der einzelnen Abschnitte wiederfindet, sind aktuelle Tendenzen jeweils gut erkennbar. Wie der Titel bereits nahelegt, ist der Band kein Lehrbuch der Epigraphik, sondern es werden Fragen, Methoden, Ziele und Ergebnisse der Auswertung von Inschriften nachvollziehbar darlegt und damit für alle daran Interessierten nicht nur aus den akademischen Fachkreisen aufbereitet, vorausgesetzt, dass grundlegende Kenntnisse in Latein und Altgriechisch vorhanden sind.<br /><br />Der Band ist ein Gewinn nicht nur für Forschende und Studierende auf dem Gebiet der römischen Epigraphik, sondern insbesondere für alle epigraphisch Interessierten im weiten Feld der klassischen Altertumswissenschaften und darüber hinaus. Inschriften werden im vorliegenden Band, in traditioneller Weise, häufig als eigenständige Objekte betrachtet, losgelöst von ihrer ursprünglichen Einheit mit einem Baukörper oder Gegenstand; dass solche aktuelle Tendenzen wie Fragen zur Materialität von Inschriften oder Analysen hinsichtlich der Interaktion von Betrachter/in und Gegenstand der Betrachtung (= die Inschrift) oder ihre Raumfunktion damit wenig zur Sprache kommen, tut dem keinen Abbruch und kann darüber hinaus mehrfach andernorts nachgelesen werden. Das Buch sollte, zumal inzwischen in einer preisgünstigeren broschierten Ausgabe erschienen, in keiner wohlsortierten Forschungs- oder privaten Bibliothek mit Schwerpunkt Altertumswissenschaften fehlen. Der Anspruch zu zeigen, „… why inscriptions matter“ (S. ix), ist allen Beteiligten auf jeden Fall bestens gelungen.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35439387" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fc9208c95a240059948f0d0e609338a4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55341465,"asset_id":35439387,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55341465/download_file?st=MTczMjQ4MDA5MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13410312" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KordulaGostencnik">Kordula Gostencnik</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13410312" type="text/json">{"id":13410312,"first_name":"Kordula","last_name":"Gostencnik","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KordulaGostencnik","display_name":"Kordula Gostencnik","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KordulaGostencnik?f_ri=181781","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35439387 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35439387"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35439387, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35439387", }); 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Wie der Titel bereits nahelegt, ist der Band kein Lehrbuch der Epigraphik, sondern es werden Fragen, Methoden, Ziele und Ergebnisse der Auswertung von Inschriften nachvollziehbar darlegt und damit für alle daran Interessierten nicht nur aus den akademischen Fachkreisen aufbereitet, vorausgesetzt, dass grundlegende Kenntnisse in Latein und Altgriechisch vorhanden sind.\n\nDer Band ist ein Gewinn nicht nur für Forschende und Studierende auf dem Gebiet der römischen Epigraphik, sondern insbesondere für alle epigraphisch Interessierten im weiten Feld der klassischen Altertumswissenschaften und darüber hinaus. Inschriften werden im vorliegenden Band, in traditioneller Weise, häufig als eigenständige Objekte betrachtet, losgelöst von ihrer ursprünglichen Einheit mit einem Baukörper oder Gegenstand; dass solche aktuelle Tendenzen wie Fragen zur Materialität von Inschriften oder Analysen hinsichtlich der Interaktion von Betrachter/in und Gegenstand der Betrachtung (= die Inschrift) oder ihre Raumfunktion damit wenig zur Sprache kommen, tut dem keinen Abbruch und kann darüber hinaus mehrfach andernorts nachgelesen werden. Das Buch sollte, zumal inzwischen in einer preisgünstigeren broschierten Ausgabe erschienen, in keiner wohlsortierten Forschungs- oder privaten Bibliothek mit Schwerpunkt Altertumswissenschaften fehlen. Der Anspruch zu zeigen, „… why inscriptions matter“ (S. ix), ist allen Beteiligten auf jeden Fall bestens gelungen.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55341465,"asset_id":35439387,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13410312,"first_name":"Kordula","last_name":"Gostencnik","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KordulaGostencnik","display_name":"Kordula Gostencnik","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KordulaGostencnik?f_ri=181781","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=181781","nofollow":false},{"id":188,"name":"Cultural 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