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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Josephus</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">23,407 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Josephus</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Josephus">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5170677" data-work_id="5170677" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5170677/Izates_Helena_and_Monobazos_of_Adiabene_A_Study_on_Literary_Traditions_and_History_Philippika_66_Harrassowitz_Verlag_Wiesbaden">Izates, Helena, and Monobazos of Adiabene. A Study on Literary Traditions and History. Philippika 66, Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">"This book is the first-ever monograph on the family of royal converts from Adiabene including the broader perspective of the cultural and political environment of Hellenistic and Parthian Adiabene. It collects, arranges and discusses all... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5170677" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">"This book is the first-ever monograph on the family of royal converts from Adiabene including the broader perspective of the cultural and political environment of Hellenistic and Parthian Adiabene. It collects, arranges and discusses all available sources on the topic. <br />The study consists of three parts. Part 1 (chapters 1-5) is devoted to the longest ancient account on the Adiabene royalty from all ancient literature – Josephus, Ant. 20:17-96 (“the Adiabene Narrative”). It examines the Adiabene narrative as Josephus’ conscious literary product with all its rhetorical features and ideological agendas. <br />Part 2 (chapters 6-7) deals with other sources about the family of royal converts from Adiabene. Chapter 6 is devoted to Rabbinic traditions about Queen Helena and King Munbaz. Chapter 7 discusses all Jewish and non-Jewish literary sources which refer to the resting place of Queen Helena and to the palaces of the Adiabene royalty in Jerusalem, what is more, it also provides an updated discussion of relevant archaeological sites in Jerusalem (Le Tombeau des Rois and the Givati Parking Lot). <br />Part 3 (chapters 8-13) presents the material and political environment of Adiabene from the third century BCE to the third century CE. It discusses all available kinds of sources: geographical and ethnographical texts (chapter 8), archaeological sites (chapter 9), epigraphic and numismatic material (chapter 10), as well as onomastic evidence (chapter 11). Furthermore, chapter 12 provides a basic chronology of the Adiabene royalty in the Hellenistic and Parthian periods, and chapter 13 presents the political environment of Adiabene and Judea in the context of the international relations between Rome and Parthia." <br />P.S. <br />So far reviewed by K. Atkinson, Biblica 96 (2015) 635-638; D.M. Jacobson, Palestine Exploration Quarterly 147 (2015) 169-170; E. Kettenhofen, Anabasis. Studia Classica et Orientalia 6 (2015) 297-307; E. Lipiński, Polish Journal of Biblical Research 14 (2015) 201-207;  D.M. Downing, Journal of American Oriental Studies 137 (2017) 428-430; E. Nodet, Revue Biblique 122-124 (2015) 634-635; K. Berthelot, Syria 94 (2017) 415-416; J.-S. Caillou, L’Antiquité Classique 86 (2017) 517-519.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5170677" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="42b3d1ad85aa3af037eed7ac31b48fef" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33130009,"asset_id":5170677,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33130009/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2518311" href="https://jagiellonian.academia.edu/Micha%C5%82Marciak">Michał Marciak</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2518311" type="text/json">{"id":2518311,"first_name":"Michał","last_name":"Marciak","domain_name":"jagiellonian","page_name":"MichałMarciak","display_name":"Michał Marciak","profile_url":"https://jagiellonian.academia.edu/Micha%C5%82Marciak?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2518311/785358/1145351/s65_michal.marciak.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5170677 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5170677"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5170677, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5170677", }); 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A Study on Literary Traditions and History. Philippika 66, Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden.","created_at":"2013-11-20T22:11:54.700-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5170677/Izates_Helena_and_Monobazos_of_Adiabene_A_Study_on_Literary_Traditions_and_History_Philippika_66_Harrassowitz_Verlag_Wiesbaden?f_ri=32640","dom_id":"work_5170677","summary":"\"This book is the first-ever monograph on the family of royal converts from Adiabene including the broader perspective of the cultural and political environment of Hellenistic and Parthian Adiabene. It collects, arranges and discusses all available sources on the topic. \r\nThe study consists of three parts. Part 1 (chapters 1-5) is devoted to the longest ancient account on the Adiabene royalty from all ancient literature – Josephus, Ant. 20:17-96 (“the Adiabene Narrative”). It examines the Adiabene narrative as Josephus’ conscious literary product with all its rhetorical features and ideological agendas.\r\nPart 2 (chapters 6-7) deals with other sources about the family of royal converts from Adiabene. Chapter 6 is devoted to Rabbinic traditions about Queen Helena and King Munbaz. Chapter 7 discusses all Jewish and non-Jewish literary sources which refer to the resting place of Queen Helena and to the palaces of the Adiabene royalty in Jerusalem, what is more, it also provides an updated discussion of relevant archaeological sites in Jerusalem (Le Tombeau des Rois and the Givati Parking Lot). \r\nPart 3 (chapters 8-13) presents the material and political environment of Adiabene from the third century BCE to the third century CE. It discusses all available kinds of sources: geographical and ethnographical texts (chapter 8), archaeological sites (chapter 9), epigraphic and numismatic material (chapter 10), as well as onomastic evidence (chapter 11). Furthermore, chapter 12 provides a basic chronology of the Adiabene royalty in the Hellenistic and Parthian periods, and chapter 13 presents the political environment of Adiabene and Judea in the context of the international relations between Rome and Parthia.\"\r\nP.S.\r\nSo far reviewed by K. Atkinson, Biblica 96 (2015) 635-638; D.M. Jacobson, Palestine Exploration Quarterly 147 (2015) 169-170; E. Kettenhofen, Anabasis. Studia Classica et Orientalia 6 (2015) 297-307; E. Lipiński, Polish Journal of Biblical Research 14 (2015) 201-207; D.M. Downing, Journal of American Oriental Studies 137 (2017) 428-430; E. Nodet, Revue Biblique 122-124 (2015) 634-635; K. Berthelot, Syria 94 (2017) 415-416; J.-S. Caillou, L’Antiquité Classique 86 (2017) 517-519.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33130009,"asset_id":5170677,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2518311,"first_name":"Michał","last_name":"Marciak","domain_name":"jagiellonian","page_name":"MichałMarciak","display_name":"Michał Marciak","profile_url":"https://jagiellonian.academia.edu/Micha%C5%82Marciak?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2518311/785358/1145351/s65_michal.marciak.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":397,"name":"Near Eastern Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":4457,"name":"Early Judaism (2nd Temple, Greco-Roman)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Judaism_2nd_Temple_Greco-Roman_?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":9755,"name":"Second Temple Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Temple_Judaism?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity?f_ri=32640"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=32640"},{"id":18121,"name":"Imperial Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Imperial_Rome?f_ri=32640"},{"id":20182,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_Languages?f_ri=32640"},{"id":26445,"name":"Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaism?f_ri=32640"},{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640"},{"id":38258,"name":"Second Temple Judaism (Religion)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Temple_Judaism_Religion_?f_ri=32640"},{"id":39429,"name":"Hellenistic Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hellenistic_Judaism?f_ri=32640"},{"id":40692,"name":"Parthia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parthia?f_ri=32640"},{"id":41883,"name":"Parthian Pottery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parthian_Pottery?f_ri=32640"},{"id":43809,"name":"Jerusalem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jerusalem?f_ri=32640"},{"id":48467,"name":"Roman Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Near_East?f_ri=32640"},{"id":48472,"name":"Parthian Kingdoms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parthian_Kingdoms?f_ri=32640"},{"id":53102,"name":"Ancient Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Judaism?f_ri=32640"},{"id":53459,"name":"Ancient magic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_magic?f_ri=32640"},{"id":56800,"name":"Parthian Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parthian_Empire?f_ri=32640"},{"id":58841,"name":"Greek and Roman Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Epigraphy?f_ri=32640"},{"id":67062,"name":"Ancient Parthian Numismatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Parthian_Numismatics?f_ri=32640"},{"id":75520,"name":"Parthians","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parthians?f_ri=32640"},{"id":170829,"name":"Jerusalem Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jerusalem_Archaeology?f_ri=32640"},{"id":261547,"name":"Parthia and Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parthia_and_Rome?f_ri=32640"},{"id":280207,"name":"Iranian Sudies, Sasanian Iran, Parthian Iran","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iranian_Sudies_Sasanian_Iran_Parthian_Iran?f_ri=32640"},{"id":309404,"name":"Arsacid and Sasanian Iran","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arsacid_and_Sasanian_Iran?f_ri=32640"},{"id":326137,"name":"Parthian Coins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parthian_Coins?f_ri=32640"},{"id":421970,"name":"Parthian/Arsacid history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parthian_Arsacid_history?f_ri=32640"},{"id":434262,"name":"Parthian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parthian_Archaeology?f_ri=32640"},{"id":458331,"name":"Hellenistic and Parthian Mesopotamia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hellenistic_and_Parthian_Mesopotamia?f_ri=32640"},{"id":501019,"name":"Achaemenid, Parthian, and Sasanian History; International Relations and Diplomacy between Roman-Byzantine and Persian Empires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Achaemenid_Parthian_and_Sasanian_History_International_Relations_and_Diplomacy_between_Roman-Byza?f_ri=32640"},{"id":565676,"name":"Adiabene","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adiabene?f_ri=32640"},{"id":597103,"name":"Gordyene","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gordyene?f_ri=32640"},{"id":633966,"name":"Greek and Roman Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Social_History?f_ri=32640"},{"id":843735,"name":"Graeco-Roman Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graeco-Roman_Religion?f_ri=32640"},{"id":952544,"name":"Arsacids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arsacids?f_ri=32640"},{"id":1019152,"name":"History of Judaism In Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Judaism_In_Antiquity?f_ri=32640"},{"id":1032588,"name":"Second Temple Judaism and Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Temple_Judaism_and_Early_Christianity?f_ri=32640"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36948273" data-work_id="36948273" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36948273/The_Origins_of_the_Canon_of_the_Hebrew_Bible_An_Analysis_of_Josephus_and_4_Ezra_JSJSup_186_Leiden_Brill_2018">The Origins of the Canon of the Hebrew Bible: An Analysis of Josephus and 4 Ezra. JSJSup 186. Leiden: Brill, 2018.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In The Origins of the Canon of the Hebrew Bible: An Analysis of Josephus and 4 Ezra, Juan Carlos Ossandón Widow examines the thorny question of when, how, and why the collection of twenty-four books that today is known as the Hebrew Bible... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36948273" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In The Origins of the Canon of the Hebrew Bible: An Analysis of Josephus and 4 Ezra, Juan Carlos Ossandón Widow examines the thorny question of when, how, and why the collection of twenty-four books that today is known as the Hebrew Bible was formed. He carefully studies the two earliest testimonies in this regard—Josephus' Against Apion and 4 Ezra—and proposes that, along with the tendency to idealize the past, which leads to consider that divine revelation to Israel has ceased, an important reason to specify a collection of Scriptures at the end of the first century CE consisted in the need to defend the received tradition to counter those that accepted more books.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36948273" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0890f145b2e699ec6a6a7618480a36da" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83444499,"asset_id":36948273,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83444499/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="819677" href="https://pusc.academia.edu/JuanOssandon">Juan Carlos Ossandón Widow</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="819677" type="text/json">{"id":819677,"first_name":"Juan Carlos","last_name":"Ossandón Widow","domain_name":"pusc","page_name":"JuanOssandon","display_name":"Juan Carlos Ossandón Widow","profile_url":"https://pusc.academia.edu/JuanOssandon?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/819677/949101/25743468/s65_juan_carlos.ossand_n_widow.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36948273 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36948273"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36948273, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36948273", }); 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JSJSup 186. Leiden: Brill, 2018.","created_at":"2018-06-30T07:58:35.311-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36948273/The_Origins_of_the_Canon_of_the_Hebrew_Bible_An_Analysis_of_Josephus_and_4_Ezra_JSJSup_186_Leiden_Brill_2018?f_ri=32640","dom_id":"work_36948273","summary":"In The Origins of the Canon of the Hebrew Bible: An Analysis of Josephus and 4 Ezra, Juan Carlos Ossandón Widow examines the thorny question of when, how, and why the collection of twenty-four books that today is known as the Hebrew Bible was formed. He carefully studies the two earliest testimonies in this regard—Josephus' Against Apion and 4 Ezra—and proposes that, along with the tendency to idealize the past, which leads to consider that divine revelation to Israel has ceased, an important reason to specify a collection of Scriptures at the end of the first century CE consisted in the need to defend the received tradition to counter those that accepted more books.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83444499,"asset_id":36948273,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":819677,"first_name":"Juan Carlos","last_name":"Ossandón Widow","domain_name":"pusc","page_name":"JuanOssandon","display_name":"Juan Carlos Ossandón Widow","profile_url":"https://pusc.academia.edu/JuanOssandon?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/819677/949101/25743468/s65_juan_carlos.ossand_n_widow.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9882,"name":"History Of The Bible/Biblical Canon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_Of_The_Bible_Biblical_Canon?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":246071,"name":"4 Ezra","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/4_Ezra?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":275142,"name":"2 Esdras","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/2_Esdras?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":436751,"name":"Cessation of Prophecy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cessation_of_Prophecy?f_ri=32640"},{"id":2916231,"name":"Against Apion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Against_Apion?f_ri=32640"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2155875" data-work_id="2155875" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2155875/Oracles_of_Insurrection_The_Prophetic_Catalyst_of_the_Great_Revolt">Oracles of Insurrection: The Prophetic Catalyst of the Great Revolt</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2155875" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ebc95b03c3422a811bbc63137a099a35" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34138483,"asset_id":2155875,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34138483/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2248455" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TomasinoAnthony">Anthony Tomasino</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2248455" type="text/json">{"id":2248455,"first_name":"Anthony","last_name":"Tomasino","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TomasinoAnthony","display_name":"Anthony Tomasino","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TomasinoAnthony?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2248455/716950/890416/s65_anthony.tomasino.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2155875 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2155875"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2155875, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2155875", }); 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AD","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_War_66_73._AD?f_ri=32640"},{"id":958801,"name":"The Dead Sea Scrolls","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Dead_Sea_Scrolls?f_ri=32640"},{"id":958803,"name":"The Revolution of Shimon Bar Kokhba 132 135","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Revolution_of_Shimon_Bar_Kokhba_132_135?f_ri=32640"},{"id":958807,"name":"Ancient Judea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Judea?f_ri=32640"},{"id":958809,"name":"Sectarian Literature of Ancient Judah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sectarian_Literature_of_Ancient_Judah?f_ri=32640"},{"id":958811,"name":"The Fourth School of Philosophy Zealots","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Fourth_School_of_Philosophy_Zealots?f_ri=32640"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42584310" data-work_id="42584310" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42584310/A_Rabbinic_Tradition_of_King_Hezekiah_of_Judah_Evaluation_of_Hezekiah_is_the_Messiah_Claim_from_the_Perspective_of_Chronistic_History">A Rabbinic Tradition of King Hezekiah of Judah: Evaluation of “Hezekiah is the Messiah” Claim from the Perspective of Chronistic History</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A Pre-teaching Interpretation Paper: Today, the word “Messiah” commonly incites George Handel’s renowned oratorio or the person of Jesus Christ, whose second name is a Greek translation of the word. This is understandable given the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42584310" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A Pre-teaching Interpretation Paper:<br />Today, the word “Messiah” commonly incites George Handel’s renowned oratorio or the person of Jesus Christ, whose second name is a Greek translation of the word. This is understandable given the pervasiveness of Christianity as a religion in the world. However, not only has the word been understood differently in different circles, it has also been attributed to and claimed by different individuals throughout the history. This paper seeks to evaluate the claim made by third-century Rabbis Bar Kappara and Hillel II that King Hezekiah of Judah is the Messiah.  In order to do that, what the word means to Jews in Ancient Near Eastern and Rabbinical contexts needs to be considered.<br />Although Rabbi Joseph has refuted Hillel II’s claim,  it is still a worthy endeavor to give the claim a second hearing, especially as Mika Pajunen noted that “there was renewed interest in these traditions,” referring to Deuteronomistic and Chronistic traditions, “to highlight the unity of the people and hence also their common heritage” after the destruction of the second temple.  Therefore, the account of Hezekiah in Chronicles will be exegeted, highlighting its uniqueness from that in Kings and, by extension, Isaiah, and drawing implications if the thesis, “King Hezekiah is the fulfillment of Yahweh's promise for THE Messiah,” is supported by Chronistic perspective.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42584310" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="762936d04e14e7b486cbec42d2fd2322" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62839821,"asset_id":42584310,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62839821/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="82218227" href="https://bts-sg.academia.edu/yanadiivory">YANADI TAN IVORY</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="82218227" type="text/json">{"id":82218227,"first_name":"YANADI","last_name":"TAN IVORY","domain_name":"bts-sg","page_name":"yanadiivory","display_name":"YANADI TAN IVORY","profile_url":"https://bts-sg.academia.edu/yanadiivory?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/82218227/19823139/110789916/s65_yanadi.tan_ivory.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42584310 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42584310"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42584310, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42584310", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42584310]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42584310").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42584310").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42584310"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4769" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Testament_Theology">Old Testament Theology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4769" type="text/json">{"id":4769,"name":"Old Testament Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Testament_Theology?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22079" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Messianism">Messianism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22079" type="text/json">{"id":22079,"name":"Messianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Messianism?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27014" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Messianism">Jewish Messianism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27014" type="text/json">{"id":27014,"name":"Jewish Messianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Messianism?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32640" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus">Josephus</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32640" type="text/json">{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42584310]'), work: {"id":42584310,"title":"A Rabbinic Tradition of King Hezekiah of Judah: Evaluation of “Hezekiah is the Messiah” Claim from the Perspective of Chronistic History","created_at":"2020-04-03T00:14:42.762-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42584310/A_Rabbinic_Tradition_of_King_Hezekiah_of_Judah_Evaluation_of_Hezekiah_is_the_Messiah_Claim_from_the_Perspective_of_Chronistic_History?f_ri=32640","dom_id":"work_42584310","summary":"A Pre-teaching Interpretation Paper:\nToday, the word “Messiah” commonly incites George Handel’s renowned oratorio or the person of Jesus Christ, whose second name is a Greek translation of the word. This is understandable given the pervasiveness of Christianity as a religion in the world. However, not only has the word been understood differently in different circles, it has also been attributed to and claimed by different individuals throughout the history. This paper seeks to evaluate the claim made by third-century Rabbis Bar Kappara and Hillel II that King Hezekiah of Judah is the Messiah. In order to do that, what the word means to Jews in Ancient Near Eastern and Rabbinical contexts needs to be considered.\nAlthough Rabbi Joseph has refuted Hillel II’s claim, it is still a worthy endeavor to give the claim a second hearing, especially as Mika Pajunen noted that “there was renewed interest in these traditions,” referring to Deuteronomistic and Chronistic traditions, “to highlight the unity of the people and hence also their common heritage” after the destruction of the second temple. Therefore, the account of Hezekiah in Chronicles will be exegeted, highlighting its uniqueness from that in Kings and, by extension, Isaiah, and drawing implications if the thesis, “King Hezekiah is the fulfillment of Yahweh's promise for THE Messiah,” is supported by Chronistic perspective.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62839821,"asset_id":42584310,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":82218227,"first_name":"YANADI","last_name":"TAN IVORY","domain_name":"bts-sg","page_name":"yanadiivory","display_name":"YANADI TAN IVORY","profile_url":"https://bts-sg.academia.edu/yanadiivory?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/82218227/19823139/110789916/s65_yanadi.tan_ivory.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4769,"name":"Old Testament Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Testament_Theology?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":22079,"name":"Messianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Messianism?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":27014,"name":"Jewish Messianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Messianism?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":44932,"name":"Book of Isaiah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_of_Isaiah?f_ri=32640"},{"id":61419,"name":"Messianic Jewish Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Messianic_Jewish_Theology?f_ri=32640"},{"id":78909,"name":"The Book of Isaiah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Book_of_Isaiah?f_ri=32640"},{"id":133727,"name":"Book of Chronicles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_of_Chronicles?f_ri=32640"},{"id":143764,"name":"Messiah Figures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Messiah_Figures?f_ri=32640"},{"id":231399,"name":"Book of Kings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_of_Kings?f_ri=32640"},{"id":240464,"name":"Flavius Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flavius_Josephus?f_ri=32640"},{"id":406708,"name":"Josephus Flavius","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus_Flavius?f_ri=32640"},{"id":454769,"name":"Jewish Messiah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Messiah?f_ri=32640"},{"id":500933,"name":"The Book of Kings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Book_of_Kings?f_ri=32640"},{"id":544424,"name":"Hezekiah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hezekiah?f_ri=32640"},{"id":778346,"name":"Hezekiah, King of Judah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hezekiah_King_of_Judah?f_ri=32640"},{"id":1226726,"name":"Messiah In Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Messiah_In_Judaism?f_ri=32640"},{"id":2776818,"name":"The Book of Chronicles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Book_of_Chronicles?f_ri=32640"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37481610" data-work_id="37481610" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37481610/R24_Th_W_Franxman_Genesis_and_the_Jewish_Antiquities_of_Flavius_Josephus_in_Bibliotheca_Orientalis_39_1982_644_47">R24. Th. W. Franxman, Genesis and the ‘Jewish Antiquities’ of Flavius Josephus, in: Bibliotheca Orientalis 39 (1982): 644–47.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37481610" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ddc22686031e824c8ad274ba070c7235" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57450994,"asset_id":37481610,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57450994/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39991070" href="https://huji.academia.edu/EmanuelTov">Emanuel Tov</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39991070" type="text/json">{"id":39991070,"first_name":"Emanuel","last_name":"Tov","domain_name":"huji","page_name":"EmanuelTov","display_name":"Emanuel Tov","profile_url":"https://huji.academia.edu/EmanuelTov?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39991070/14385987/58527813/s65_emanuel.tov.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37481610 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37481610"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37481610, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37481610", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37481610 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37481610; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37481610"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37481610 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37481610"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37481610; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37481610]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37481610").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37481610").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37481610"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32640" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus">Josephus</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32640" type="text/json">{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37481610]'), work: {"id":37481610,"title":"R24. Th. W. Franxman, Genesis and the ‘Jewish Antiquities’ of Flavius Josephus, in: Bibliotheca Orientalis 39 (1982): 644–47.","created_at":"2018-09-26T03:33:21.636-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37481610/R24_Th_W_Franxman_Genesis_and_the_Jewish_Antiquities_of_Flavius_Josephus_in_Bibliotheca_Orientalis_39_1982_644_47?f_ri=32640","dom_id":"work_37481610","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57450994,"asset_id":37481610,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39991070,"first_name":"Emanuel","last_name":"Tov","domain_name":"huji","page_name":"EmanuelTov","display_name":"Emanuel Tov","profile_url":"https://huji.academia.edu/EmanuelTov?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39991070/14385987/58527813/s65_emanuel.tov.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38661425" data-work_id="38661425" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38661425/At_l%C3%A6se_Det_Nye_Testamente_historisk_A_Historian_s_Reading_of_The_New_Testament_">At læse Det Nye Testamente historisk [A Historian’s Reading of The New Testament]</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Hvad kan der videnskabeligt siges om den historiske Jesus? I kilderne uden for Det Nye Testamente finder vi kun oplysninger om hans død, messiastitel og broderen Jakob. Desuden har Jesus’ liv berøringspunkter med samtidige messiasfigurer,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38661425" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Hvad kan der videnskabeligt siges om den historiske Jesus? I kilderne uden for Det Nye Testamente finder vi kun oplysninger om hans død, messiastitel og broderen Jakob. Desuden har Jesus’ liv berøringspunkter med samtidige messiasfigurer, der kritiserer romerne eller det jødiske tempel.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38661425" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b1690679358442b9a50dbdebc35d0d77" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":91713796,"asset_id":38661425,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91713796/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38536597" href="https://au.academia.edu/Ren%C3%A9Falkenberg">René Falkenberg</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38536597" type="text/json">{"id":38536597,"first_name":"René","last_name":"Falkenberg","domain_name":"au","page_name":"RenéFalkenberg","display_name":"René Falkenberg","profile_url":"https://au.academia.edu/Ren%C3%A9Falkenberg?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/38536597/10706827/103790815/s65_ren_.falkenberg.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38661425 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38661425"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38661425, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38661425", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38661425 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38661425; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38661425"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38661425 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38661425"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38661425; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38661425]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38661425").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38661425").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38661425"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5326" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity">Early Christianity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5326" type="text/json">{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7434" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synoptic_Gospels">Synoptic Gospels</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7434" type="text/json">{"id":7434,"name":"Synoptic Gospels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synoptic_Gospels?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Jesus">Historical Jesus</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23692" type="text/json">{"id":23692,"name":"Historical Jesus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Jesus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27014" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Messianism">Jewish Messianism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="27014" type="text/json">{"id":27014,"name":"Jewish Messianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Messianism?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38661425]'), work: {"id":38661425,"title":"At læse Det Nye Testamente historisk [A Historian’s Reading of The New Testament]","created_at":"2019-03-29T05:51:50.538-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38661425/At_l%C3%A6se_Det_Nye_Testamente_historisk_A_Historian_s_Reading_of_The_New_Testament_?f_ri=32640","dom_id":"work_38661425","summary":"Hvad kan der videnskabeligt siges om den historiske Jesus? I kilderne uden for Det Nye Testamente finder vi kun oplysninger om hans død, messiastitel og broderen Jakob. Desuden har Jesus’ liv berøringspunkter med samtidige messiasfigurer, der kritiserer romerne eller det jødiske tempel.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":91713796,"asset_id":38661425,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38536597,"first_name":"René","last_name":"Falkenberg","domain_name":"au","page_name":"RenéFalkenberg","display_name":"René Falkenberg","profile_url":"https://au.academia.edu/Ren%C3%A9Falkenberg?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/38536597/10706827/103790815/s65_ren_.falkenberg.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":7434,"name":"Synoptic Gospels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synoptic_Gospels?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":23692,"name":"Historical Jesus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Jesus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":27014,"name":"Jewish Messianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Messianism?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44438989" data-work_id="44438989" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44438989/Waarom_er_op_de_Tempelberg_geen_tempel_meer_staat_de_Joodse_opstand_66_70_n_C">Waarom er op de Tempelberg geen tempel meer staat: de Joodse opstand 66-70 n.C.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Dit betreft een kort artikel over de vernietiging van de tempel in Jeruzalem tijdens de Joodse opstand tegen Rome, 66-70 n.C. Eerder dit jaar verschenen in, Geschiedenis Magazine 55.3 (2020), 34-37. Zie verder... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44438989" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Dit betreft een kort artikel over de vernietiging van de tempel in Jeruzalem tijdens de Joodse opstand tegen Rome, 66-70 n.C. Eerder dit jaar verschenen in, Geschiedenis Magazine 55.3 (2020), 34-37. Zie verder <a href="https://geschiedenismagazine.nl/joodse-opstand-66-70-n-chr" rel="nofollow">https://geschiedenismagazine.nl/joodse-opstand-66-70-n-chr</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44438989" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a057ea57cb1e32e7a1f5bf2660d8044a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64858637,"asset_id":44438989,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64858637/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4066804" href="https://au.academia.edu/EelcoGlas">Eelco Glas</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4066804" type="text/json">{"id":4066804,"first_name":"Eelco","last_name":"Glas","domain_name":"au","page_name":"EelcoGlas","display_name":"Eelco Glas","profile_url":"https://au.academia.edu/EelcoGlas?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4066804/1559396/37081772/s65_eelco.glas.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44438989 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44438989"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44438989, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44438989", }); 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Eerder dit jaar verschenen in, Geschiedenis Magazine 55.3 (2020), 34-37. Zie verder https://geschiedenismagazine.nl/joodse-opstand-66-70-n-chr","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64858637,"asset_id":44438989,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4066804,"first_name":"Eelco","last_name":"Glas","domain_name":"au","page_name":"EelcoGlas","display_name":"Eelco Glas","profile_url":"https://au.academia.edu/EelcoGlas?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4066804/1559396/37081772/s65_eelco.glas.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":9755,"name":"Second Temple Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Temple_Judaism?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":18121,"name":"Imperial Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Imperial_Rome?f_ri=32640"},{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43963801" data-work_id="43963801" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43963801/A_farizeusok_sorsa_Josephus_%C3%A1br%C3%A1zol%C3%A1s%C3%A1ban">A farizeusok "sorsa" Josephus ábrázolásában</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Josephusnál 20 alkalommal jelenik meg a sors kifejezés. Előadásunkban három kérdésre keresünk választ, elsőként, vajon a sors Josephusnál önálló entitást jelent-e, vagy csupán Isten döntésére utal, ami megmásíthatatlan. A második, milyen... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43963801" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Josephusnál 20 alkalommal jelenik meg a sors kifejezés. Előadásunkban három kérdésre keresünk választ, elsőként, vajon a sors Josephusnál önálló entitást jelent-e, vagy csupán Isten döntésére utal, ami megmásíthatatlan. A második, milyen kapcsolatban áll a végzet az ember szabadságával a farizeusoknál Josephus ábrázolásában. Végül, miként vélekedhetett erről Josephus?</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43963801" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="59a59d193674be729247f7da62304c24" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64296217,"asset_id":43963801,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64296217/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="23254145" href="https://drhe.academia.edu/ViktorK%C3%B3kaiNagy">Viktor Kókai-Nagy</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="23254145" type="text/json">{"id":23254145,"first_name":"Viktor","last_name":"Kókai-Nagy","domain_name":"drhe","page_name":"ViktorKókaiNagy","display_name":"Viktor Kókai-Nagy","profile_url":"https://drhe.academia.edu/ViktorK%C3%B3kaiNagy?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23254145/17709298/17745976/s65_viktor.k_kai-nagy.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43963801 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43963801"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43963801, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43963801", }); 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Előadásunkban három kérdésre keresünk választ, elsőként, vajon a sors Josephusnál önálló entitást jelent-e, vagy csupán Isten döntésére utal, ami megmásíthatatlan. A második, milyen kapcsolatban áll a végzet az ember szabadságával a farizeusoknál Josephus ábrázolásában. Végül, miként vélekedhetett erről Josephus? ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64296217,"asset_id":43963801,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":23254145,"first_name":"Viktor","last_name":"Kókai-Nagy","domain_name":"drhe","page_name":"ViktorKókaiNagy","display_name":"Viktor Kókai-Nagy","profile_url":"https://drhe.academia.edu/ViktorK%C3%B3kaiNagy?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23254145/17709298/17745976/s65_viktor.k_kai-nagy.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":954415,"name":"Pharisees","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharisees?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41690052" data-work_id="41690052" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41690052/Peter_Nahon_Flavius_Jos%C3%A8phe_Contre_Apion_Paris_Les_Belles_Lettres_2018_texte_%C3%A9tabli_et_annot%C3%A9_par_Th%C3%A9odore_Reinach_traduction_par_L%C3%A9on_Blum_introduction_et_notes_de_Sylvie_Anne_Goldberg_Archives_de_sciences_sociales_des_religions_184_octobre_d%C3%A9cembre_2018_p_278_279">Peter Nahon, « Flavius Josèphe, Contre Apion, Paris, Les Belles Lettres, 2018, texte établi et annoté par Théodore Reinach, traduction par Léon Blum, introduction et notes de Sylvie-Anne Goldberg », Archives de sciences sociales des religions 184, octobre-décembre 2018, p. 278-279</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41690052" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3e57082872105de42acf20ce5e18e93c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61847201,"asset_id":41690052,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61847201/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="18467736" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/PeterNahon">Peter Nahon</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="18467736" type="text/json">{"id":18467736,"first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Nahon","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"PeterNahon","display_name":"Peter Nahon","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/PeterNahon?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18467736/6349639/7184883/s65_peter.nahon.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41690052 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41690052"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41690052, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41690052", }); 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Paris 2015, 29-47.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17500636" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c0f5d53ff99e0feda6b5707482400cab" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56273073,"asset_id":17500636,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56273073/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2266447" href="https://unibe-ch.academia.edu/Ren%C3%A9Bloch">René Bloch</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2266447" type="text/json">{"id":2266447,"first_name":"René","last_name":"Bloch","domain_name":"unibe-ch","page_name":"RenéBloch","display_name":"René Bloch","profile_url":"https://unibe-ch.academia.edu/Ren%C3%A9Bloch?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2266447/919952/20561898/s65_ren_.bloch.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17500636 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17500636"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17500636, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17500636", }); 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Le Monde la Bible (e-book). Paris 2015, 29-47.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56273073,"asset_id":17500636,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2266447,"first_name":"René","last_name":"Bloch","domain_name":"unibe-ch","page_name":"RenéBloch","display_name":"René Bloch","profile_url":"https://unibe-ch.academia.edu/Ren%C3%A9Bloch?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2266447/919952/20561898/s65_ren_.bloch.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11728,"name":"Philo of Alexandria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philo_of_Alexandria?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":18158,"name":"Rabbinic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rabbinic_Literature?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":39429,"name":"Hellenistic Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hellenistic_Judaism?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":46618,"name":"Exodus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exodus?f_ri=32640"},{"id":53102,"name":"Ancient Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Judaism?f_ri=32640"},{"id":75796,"name":"Jewish-hellenistic literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish-hellenistic_literature?f_ri=32640"},{"id":164587,"name":"Moses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moses?f_ri=32640"},{"id":199302,"name":"Book of Exodus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_of_Exodus?f_ri=32640"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_51169625" data-work_id="51169625" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51169625/Introduction_to_Thomas_Legges_trilogy_Solymitana_Clades_abridged_">Introduction to Thomas Legge's trilogy Solymitana Clades (abridged)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Introduction to an unfinished  dramatization of Josephus' History of the Jewish War by the author of the famous trilogy Richardus Tertius.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/51169625" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7a3a1fb10ef1732a9901afeb2a151340" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":69003683,"asset_id":51169625,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69003683/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="64802564" href="https://uci.academia.edu/DanaSutton">Dana Sutton</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="64802564" type="text/json">{"id":64802564,"first_name":"Dana","last_name":"Sutton","domain_name":"uci","page_name":"DanaSutton","display_name":"Dana Sutton","profile_url":"https://uci.academia.edu/DanaSutton?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/64802564/58439775/47687550/s65_dana.sutton.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_51169625 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="51169625"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51169625, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_51169625", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51169625]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_51169625").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_51169625").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="51169625"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11425" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neo-latin_literature">Neo-latin literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11425" type="text/json">{"id":11425,"name":"Neo-latin literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neo-latin_literature?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32640" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus">Josephus</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32640" type="text/json">{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="240464" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flavius_Josephus">Flavius Josephus</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="240464" type="text/json">{"id":240464,"name":"Flavius Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flavius_Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1340383" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neo-latin_Drama">Neo-latin Drama</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1340383" type="text/json">{"id":1340383,"name":"Neo-latin Drama","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neo-latin_Drama?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=51169625]'), work: {"id":51169625,"title":"Introduction to Thomas Legge's trilogy Solymitana Clades (abridged)","created_at":"2021-09-02T19:20:59.173-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/51169625/Introduction_to_Thomas_Legges_trilogy_Solymitana_Clades_abridged_?f_ri=32640","dom_id":"work_51169625","summary":"Introduction to an unfinished dramatization of Josephus' History of the Jewish War by the author of the famous trilogy Richardus Tertius.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69003683,"asset_id":51169625,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":64802564,"first_name":"Dana","last_name":"Sutton","domain_name":"uci","page_name":"DanaSutton","display_name":"Dana Sutton","profile_url":"https://uci.academia.edu/DanaSutton?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/64802564/58439775/47687550/s65_dana.sutton.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11425,"name":"Neo-latin literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neo-latin_literature?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":240464,"name":"Flavius Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flavius_Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":1340383,"name":"Neo-latin Drama","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neo-latin_Drama?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":3050177,"name":"British academic drama (including Anglo-Catholic drama)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_academic_drama_including_Anglo-Catholic_drama_?f_ri=32640"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44474703" data-work_id="44474703" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44474703/Flavius_Josephus_Self_Characterization_in_First_Century_Rome_A_Literary_Analysis_of_the_Autobiographical_Passages_in_the_Bellum_Judaicum">Flavius Josephus' Self-Characterization in First-Century Rome: A Literary Analysis of the Autobiographical Passages in the Bellum Judaicum</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Bellum Judaicum, which is often perceived as one of the most influential texts in Western history after the Bible, describes the history of the Judaean revolt against Rome (AD 66-70). One of the most striking features of this work is... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44474703" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Bellum Judaicum, which is often perceived as one of the most influential texts in Western history after the Bible, describes the history of the Judaean revolt against Rome (AD 66-70). One of the most striking features of this work is that Flavius Josephus, its author, elaborately describes his actions during this conflict. Until recently, scholars have mainly studied these passages to recover Josephus’ life and thinking. His controversial life story — especially his decision to surrender to the Romans through his interpretation of his own dreams and to write about the war in Rome under the protection of the emperor — has resulted in a clear bias of some scholars against this Judaean historian and the intellectual merits of his work. Breaking with this trend, the present study asks how Josephus’ self-characterization can be explained in the literary context of the Bellum and in the historical context of first-century Rome. To this end, it uses Graeco-Roman literary conventions (historiographical, autobiographical, rhetorical) as an interpretative point of departure to investigate Josephus’ presentation of himself as a character. <br />Fully available via the following link: <a href="https://www.rug.nl/research/portal/nl/publications/flavius-josephus-selfcharacterization-in-firstcentury-rome(6ca6cf53-b69d-41cc-a657-11cc0101a1ac).html" rel="nofollow">https://www.rug.nl/research/portal/nl/publications/flavius-josephus-selfcharacterization-in-firstcentury-rome(6ca6cf53-b69d-41cc-a657-11cc0101a1ac).html</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44474703" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="47d86c0fd6ee92edeff2fbf6945bb28a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64957614,"asset_id":44474703,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64957614/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4066804" href="https://au.academia.edu/EelcoGlas">Eelco Glas</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4066804" type="text/json">{"id":4066804,"first_name":"Eelco","last_name":"Glas","domain_name":"au","page_name":"EelcoGlas","display_name":"Eelco Glas","profile_url":"https://au.academia.edu/EelcoGlas?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4066804/1559396/37081772/s65_eelco.glas.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44474703 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44474703"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44474703, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44474703", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44474703]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44474703").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44474703").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44474703"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="188" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies">Cultural Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="188" type="text/json">{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="659" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Literature">Comparative Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="659" type="text/json">{"id":659,"name":"Comparative Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Literature?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="829" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History">Roman History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="829" type="text/json">{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="845" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Historiography">Roman Historiography</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="845" type="text/json">{"id":845,"name":"Roman Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Historiography?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44474703]'), work: {"id":44474703,"title":"Flavius Josephus' Self-Characterization in First-Century Rome: A Literary Analysis of the Autobiographical Passages in the Bellum Judaicum","created_at":"2020-11-11T01:02:01.626-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44474703/Flavius_Josephus_Self_Characterization_in_First_Century_Rome_A_Literary_Analysis_of_the_Autobiographical_Passages_in_the_Bellum_Judaicum?f_ri=32640","dom_id":"work_44474703","summary":"The Bellum Judaicum, which is often perceived as one of the most influential texts in Western history after the Bible, describes the history of the Judaean revolt against Rome (AD 66-70). One of the most striking features of this work is that Flavius Josephus, its author, elaborately describes his actions during this conflict. Until recently, scholars have mainly studied these passages to recover Josephus’ life and thinking. His controversial life story — especially his decision to surrender to the Romans through his interpretation of his own dreams and to write about the war in Rome under the protection of the emperor — has resulted in a clear bias of some scholars against this Judaean historian and the intellectual merits of his work. Breaking with this trend, the present study asks how Josephus’ self-characterization can be explained in the literary context of the Bellum and in the historical context of first-century Rome. To this end, it uses Graeco-Roman literary conventions (historiographical, autobiographical, rhetorical) as an interpretative point of departure to investigate Josephus’ presentation of himself as a character. \r\nFully available via the following link: https://www.rug.nl/research/portal/nl/publications/flavius-josephus-selfcharacterization-in-firstcentury-rome(6ca6cf53-b69d-41cc-a657-11cc0101a1ac).html\r\n ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64957614,"asset_id":44474703,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4066804,"first_name":"Eelco","last_name":"Glas","domain_name":"au","page_name":"EelcoGlas","display_name":"Eelco Glas","profile_url":"https://au.academia.edu/EelcoGlas?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4066804/1559396/37081772/s65_eelco.glas.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":659,"name":"Comparative Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Literature?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":845,"name":"Roman Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Historiography?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":3524,"name":"Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography?f_ri=32640"},{"id":7297,"name":"Autobiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autobiography?f_ri=32640"},{"id":8032,"name":"Cross-Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross-Cultural_Studies?f_ri=32640"},{"id":22879,"name":"Ancient Greek Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_Historiography?f_ri=32640"},{"id":26445,"name":"Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaism?f_ri=32640"},{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640"},{"id":430516,"name":"Literary Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_Analysis?f_ri=32640"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36175552" data-work_id="36175552" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36175552/Shaye_J_D_Cohen_Masada_Literary_Tradition_Archaeological_Remains_and_the_Credibility_of_Josephus_Journal_of_Jewish_Studies_vol_33_no_1_2_Yigael_Yadin_Festschrift_Spring_Autumn_1982_385_405">Shaye J.D. Cohen, “Masada: Literary Tradition, Archaeological Remains, and the Credibility of Josephus,” Journal of Jewish Studies, vol. 33, no. 1-2 [=Yigael Yadin Festschrift] (Spring-Autumn 1982): 385-405.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36175552" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0511dfc348019250537b1f87577da9c9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56074692,"asset_id":36175552,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56074692/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="78627403" href="https://harvard.academia.edu/ShayeJDCohen">Shaye J.D. 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Introduction, 2. Brothers and sisters â&quot; adelphoi, 3. The believers, 4. The saints â&quot; hoi hagioi, 5. The assembly â&quot; hÄ&quot; ekklÄ&quot; sia, 6. Disciples â&quot; mathÄ&quot; tai, 7. The way â&quot; hÄ&quot; hodos,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_56633584" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">1. Introduction, 2. Brothers and sisters â&quot; adelphoi, 3. The believers, 4. The saints â&quot; hoi hagioi, 5. The assembly â&quot; hÄ&quot; ekklÄ&quot; sia, 6. Disciples â&quot; mathÄ&quot; tai, 7. The way â&quot; hÄ&quot; hodos, 8.&#x27;Christian&#x27;â&quot; Christianos, 9. Conclusions.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/56633584" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a7f61eac720df0837bfe33e44da51b69" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":71924001,"asset_id":56633584,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/71924001/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="504491" href="https://otago.academia.edu/PaulTrebilco">Paul Trebilco</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="504491" type="text/json">{"id":504491,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Trebilco","domain_name":"otago","page_name":"PaulTrebilco","display_name":"Paul Trebilco","profile_url":"https://otago.academia.edu/PaulTrebilco?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/504491/97680815/86768080/s65_paul.trebilco.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_56633584 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="56633584"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 56633584, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_56633584", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=56633584]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_56633584").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_56633584").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="56633584"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17656" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Community">Community</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17656" type="text/json">{"id":17656,"name":"Community","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Community?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament_and_Christian_Origins">New Testament and Christian Origins</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="18159" type="text/json">{"id":18159,"name":"New Testament and Christian Origins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament_and_Christian_Origins?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18174" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language">Language</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="18174" type="text/json">{"id":18174,"name":"Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=56633584]'), work: {"id":56633584,"title":"Self-designations and group identity in the new testament","created_at":"2021-10-08T12:35:23.444-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/56633584/Self_designations_and_group_identity_in_the_new_testament?f_ri=32640","dom_id":"work_56633584","summary":"1. Introduction, 2. Brothers and sisters â\u0026quot; adelphoi, 3. The believers, 4. The saints â\u0026quot; hoi hagioi, 5. The assembly â\u0026quot; hÄ\u0026quot; ekklÄ\u0026quot; sia, 6. Disciples â\u0026quot; mathÄ\u0026quot; tai, 7. The way â\u0026quot; hÄ\u0026quot; hodos, 8.\u0026#x27;Christian\u0026#x27;â\u0026quot; Christianos, 9. Conclusions.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":71924001,"asset_id":56633584,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":504491,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Trebilco","domain_name":"otago","page_name":"PaulTrebilco","display_name":"Paul Trebilco","profile_url":"https://otago.academia.edu/PaulTrebilco?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/504491/97680815/86768080/s65_paul.trebilco.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":17656,"name":"Community","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Community?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":18159,"name":"New Testament and Christian Origins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament_and_Christian_Origins?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":18174,"name":"Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":26156,"name":"Funk","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Funk?f_ri=32640"},{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640"},{"id":89988,"name":"Assembly","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assembly?f_ri=32640"},{"id":90626,"name":"Hebrews","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrews?f_ri=32640"},{"id":114075,"name":"Green","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Green?f_ri=32640"},{"id":138103,"name":"Aliens","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aliens?f_ri=32640"},{"id":153051,"name":"Leader","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leader?f_ri=32640"},{"id":1185612,"name":"H","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/H?f_ri=32640"},{"id":1186480,"name":"M","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/M?f_ri=32640"},{"id":1187899,"name":"E","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E?f_ri=32640"},{"id":1188997,"name":"C","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/C?f_ri=32640"},{"id":1190722,"name":"N","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/N?f_ri=32640"},{"id":1192453,"name":"L","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/L?f_ri=32640"},{"id":1192696,"name":"G","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/G?f_ri=32640"},{"id":1197465,"name":"J","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/J?f_ri=32640"},{"id":1199367,"name":"A","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/A?f_ri=32640"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18172556" data-work_id="18172556" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18172556/_Flavian_Greek_Literature_in_A_Companion_to_the_Flavian_Age_of_Imperial_Rome_Andrew_Zissos_ed_Malden_Mass_2016_450_68_Uncorrected_Proofs_">"Flavian Greek Literature" in A Companion to the Flavian Age of Imperial Rome. Andrew Zissos, ed. (Malden, Mass, 2016) 450-68. (Uncorrected Proofs).</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Gives an overview of the Greek-language literature of the Flavian period (AD 69-96) and considers (1) to what extent the dynastic changes of the period make themselves felt in that literature (mainly Plutarch and Dio Chrysostom) and (2)... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18172556" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Gives an overview of the Greek-language literature of the Flavian period (AD 69-96) and considers (1) to what extent the dynastic changes of the period make themselves felt in that literature (mainly Plutarch and Dio Chrysostom) and (2) whether the emergence at this time of the so-called "Second Sophistic" can be connected with specifically Flavian cultural-political phenomena. Also includes contrasts between the resonance of "Flavian" themes in Plutarch and Dio and in Josephus.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18172556" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6fe4bb184746344366ddf64c5638d6f7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39914312,"asset_id":18172556,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39914312/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4657504" href="https://ualberta.academia.edu/AdamKemezis">Adam Kemezis</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4657504" type="text/json">{"id":4657504,"first_name":"Adam","last_name":"Kemezis","domain_name":"ualberta","page_name":"AdamKemezis","display_name":"Adam Kemezis","profile_url":"https://ualberta.academia.edu/AdamKemezis?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4657504/2687343/3127791/s65_adam.kemezis.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_18172556 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="18172556"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 18172556, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_18172556", }); 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Andrew Zissos, ed. (Malden, Mass, 2016) 450-68. (Uncorrected Proofs).","created_at":"2015-11-11T17:00:34.660-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18172556/_Flavian_Greek_Literature_in_A_Companion_to_the_Flavian_Age_of_Imperial_Rome_Andrew_Zissos_ed_Malden_Mass_2016_450_68_Uncorrected_Proofs_?f_ri=32640","dom_id":"work_18172556","summary":"Gives an overview of the Greek-language literature of the Flavian period (AD 69-96) and considers (1) to what extent the dynastic changes of the period make themselves felt in that literature (mainly Plutarch and Dio Chrysostom) and (2) whether the emergence at this time of the so-called \"Second Sophistic\" can be connected with specifically Flavian cultural-political phenomena. 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What if the Jewish messiah, as they had expected him to be, had come, had ruled, and had failed one hundred years before the coming of Christ? He had come as a warrior king who reconstituted Judea, restored the temple and was purported to commune with the Divine - the fourth Hasmonean ruler, John Hyrcanus. Hyrcanus is not a name found in the Bible, nor known by many outside of biblical scholarship, but whose importance cannot be understated.  Edward Wicher, in his article, Ancient Jewish Views of the Messiah, makes the astounding claim that for a short time in Jewish history under the rule of Hyrcanus, “the pious Israelite imagined that the reign of Messiah had already begun upon the earth.”  But who was John Hyrcanus, how is his story linked to Jesus’ meeting with an outcast Samaritan at Jacob’s well and what implications does this have on Christ’s messiahship?</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43468729" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="069dc003f54d5592f4574b6b47db6447" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63776711,"asset_id":43468729,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63776711/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="127840274" href="https://biola.academia.edu/AndrewGodwin">Andrew Godwin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="127840274" type="text/json">{"id":127840274,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Godwin","domain_name":"biola","page_name":"AndrewGodwin","display_name":"Andrew Godwin","profile_url":"https://biola.academia.edu/AndrewGodwin?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/127840274/45582404/35500162/s65_andrew.godwin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43468729 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43468729"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43468729, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43468729", }); 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What if the Jewish messiah, as they had expected him to be, had come, had ruled, and had failed one hundred years before the coming of Christ? He had come as a warrior king who reconstituted Judea, restored the temple and was purported to commune with the Divine - the fourth Hasmonean ruler, John Hyrcanus. Hyrcanus is not a name found in the Bible, nor known by many outside of biblical scholarship, but whose importance cannot be understated. Edward Wicher, in his article, Ancient Jewish Views of the Messiah, makes the astounding claim that for a short time in Jewish history under the rule of Hyrcanus, “the pious Israelite imagined that the reign of Messiah had already begun upon the earth.” But who was John Hyrcanus, how is his story linked to Jesus’ meeting with an outcast Samaritan at Jacob’s well and what implications does this have on Christ’s messiahship?","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63776711,"asset_id":43468729,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":127840274,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Godwin","domain_name":"biola","page_name":"AndrewGodwin","display_name":"Andrew Godwin","profile_url":"https://biola.academia.edu/AndrewGodwin?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/127840274/45582404/35500162/s65_andrew.godwin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2262,"name":"New Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":21659,"name":"Christian Apologetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Apologetics?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":22079,"name":"Messianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Messianism?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":27014,"name":"Jewish Messianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Messianism?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640"},{"id":56356,"name":"Samaritan Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Samaritan_Studies?f_ri=32640"},{"id":71784,"name":"Worship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Worship?f_ri=32640"},{"id":120640,"name":"New Testament Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament_Studies?f_ri=32640"},{"id":143764,"name":"Messiah 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u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">A synopsis of the figure of Solomon in early Jewish and Christian tradition from the Hebrew Bible into late antiquity.<br /><br />For a copy, feel free to message me or send me an email (<a href="mailto:blake.alan.jurgens@gmail.com" rel="nofollow">blake.alan.jurgens@gmail.com</a>)</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/66962512" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="68cccc3e92a10bdfd12aaa26f4dfaea1" rel="nofollow" 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Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9755" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Temple_Judaism">Second Temple Judaism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9755" type="text/json">{"id":9755,"name":"Second Temple Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Temple_Judaism?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18158" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rabbinic_Literature">Rabbinic Literature</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="18158" type="text/json">{"id":18158,"name":"Rabbinic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rabbinic_Literature?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=66962512]'), work: {"id":66962512,"title":"\"The Figure of 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work_38252208" data-work_id="38252208" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38252208/Sem_Tobs_Proverbios_morales_A_Rabbinic_Voice_for_Anti_Rabbinic_Sectarianism">Sem Tob's Proverbios morales: A Rabbinic Voice for Anti-Rabbinic Sectarianism</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">After serving during turbulent times at the court of Pedro’s predecessor, Alfonso XI (r. 1312–50), Sem Tob de Carrión (c. 1290-c. 1369) advocates in "Proverbios morales" for sensible policies and toleration toward Jewish subjects. As a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38252208" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">After serving during turbulent times at the court of Pedro’s predecessor, Alfonso XI (r. 1312–50), Sem Tob de Carrión (c. 1290-c. 1369) advocates in "Proverbios morales" for sensible policies and toleration toward Jewish subjects. As a work that also conveys the urgency among Jews to set aside internal differences in the face of mounting anti-Judaism, "Proverbios morales" points out lessons to be learned concerning inter-religious tensions by recalling the late medieval intra-Jewish conflict between orthodox Rabbinism and a longstanding anti-Rabbinite tradition.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38252208" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1dfefbfa7fba5fe48f0820c14e5b5ff7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58294648,"asset_id":38252208,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58294648/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3291242" href="https://utk.academia.edu/GregoryKaplan">Gregory Kaplan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3291242" type="text/json">{"id":3291242,"first_name":"Gregory","last_name":"Kaplan","domain_name":"utk","page_name":"GregoryKaplan","display_name":"Gregory Kaplan","profile_url":"https://utk.academia.edu/GregoryKaplan?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3291242/1093634/1363889/s65_gregory.kaplan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38252208 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38252208"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38252208, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38252208", }); 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As a work that also conveys the urgency among Jews to set aside internal differences in the face of mounting anti-Judaism, \"Proverbios morales\" points out lessons to be learned concerning inter-religious tensions by recalling the late medieval intra-Jewish conflict between orthodox Rabbinism and a longstanding anti-Rabbinite tradition.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58294648,"asset_id":38252208,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3291242,"first_name":"Gregory","last_name":"Kaplan","domain_name":"utk","page_name":"GregoryKaplan","display_name":"Gregory Kaplan","profile_url":"https://utk.academia.edu/GregoryKaplan?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3291242/1093634/1363889/s65_gregory.kaplan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":668,"name":"Spanish 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Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Temple_Judaism?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":205083,"name":"Joshua","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Joshua?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":262142,"name":"Hasmonaean period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hasmonaean_period?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":973725,"name":"The Promised Land","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Promised_Land?f_ri=32640"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39263399" data-work_id="39263399" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39263399/Can_t_Live_with_Him_Can_t_Live_without_Him_Josephus_in_the_Orthodox_Historiography_of_Isaac_Halevy_and_Ze_ev_Yavetz">Can’t Live with Him, Can’t Live without Him: Josephus in the Orthodox Historiography of Isaac Halevy and Ze’ev Yavetz</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper presents the various and, at times, contradictory components of two Orthodox historians’ approaches to Josephus, noting the ambivalence inherent in the approach of any Orthodox historian to Josephus. This ambivalence provides a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39263399" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper presents the various and, at times, contradictory components of two Orthodox historians’ approaches to Josephus, noting the ambivalence inherent in the approach of any Orthodox historian to Josephus. This ambivalence provides a glimpse into the world of Orthodoxy, and the world of nationalist Orthodoxy in its embryonic stages at the start of the twentieth century. <br />Any Orthodox approach to Josephus involves an internal contradiction. On the one hand, Josephus held a place of honor in traditional society, even if this was largely because early commentators identified the book of Josippon with the works of Josephus and cited it frequently. , On the other hand, the actions of Josephus –collaborating with the Romans, publishing books in Greek and becoming an integral part of the Hellenistic-Roman culture – contradict Orthodox values, which eschew cultural collaboration with external elements. Orthodoxy is intensely committed to conserving tradition. The intensity of this commitment, however, is itself an innovation. This is the paradox of Orthodoxy, and the approach of Orthodox historians to Josephus is a signal example of this paradox.<br />The two historians presented here are Rabbi Isaac HaLevi Rabinovitz (1847-1912) and Ze’ev Ya’avetz (1847-1924). Halevi was one of the most important Orthodox pioneers in the field of historiography in the second half of the Nineteenth Century. Ya’avetz, his friend and disciple, was an Orthodox-nationalist historian who published a series of books surveying the history of the people of Israel from the time of the patriarchs until the last quarter of the nineteenth century. His historiographical oeuvre was also part of the Orthodox reaction to the wissenschaft school of historiography. Unlike Halevi, Ya’avetz was distinctive in his identification and cooperation with the nationalist Zionist movement. He was amongst the founders of the “Mizrachi” movement, and was editor of its journal from 1902-1905.<br />They both exemplify the complexity of the Orthodox historian’s approach to Josephus. Along with what their ambivalence can teach us about the inherent paradoxes of Orthodoxy, an examination of their approaches to Josephus may, as well, contribute to improving our understanding of Josephus himself.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39263399" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6115f3070f1cb7350930002bcd6ef5f7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59397532,"asset_id":39263399,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59397532/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="71469594" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EliezerSariel">Eliezer Sariel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="71469594" type="text/json">{"id":71469594,"first_name":"Eliezer","last_name":"Sariel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EliezerSariel","display_name":"Eliezer Sariel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EliezerSariel?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/71469594/19976515/19766641/s65_eliezer.sariel.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39263399 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39263399"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39263399, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39263399", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39263399]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39263399").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_39263399").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="39263399"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28247" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Jewish_History">Modern Jewish History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28247" type="text/json">{"id":28247,"name":"Modern Jewish History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Jewish_History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32640" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus">Josephus</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32640" type="text/json">{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="188164" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wissenschaft_des_Judentums">Wissenschaft des Judentums</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="188164" type="text/json">{"id":188164,"name":"Wissenschaft des Judentums","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wissenschaft_des_Judentums?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="209941" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus_Studies">Josephus Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="209941" type="text/json">{"id":209941,"name":"Josephus Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus_Studies?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39263399]'), work: {"id":39263399,"title":"Can’t Live with Him, Can’t Live without Him: Josephus in the Orthodox Historiography of Isaac Halevy and Ze’ev Yavetz","created_at":"2019-05-26T05:04:41.403-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39263399/Can_t_Live_with_Him_Can_t_Live_without_Him_Josephus_in_the_Orthodox_Historiography_of_Isaac_Halevy_and_Ze_ev_Yavetz?f_ri=32640","dom_id":"work_39263399","summary":"This paper presents the various and, at times, contradictory components of two Orthodox historians’ approaches to Josephus, noting the ambivalence inherent in the approach of any Orthodox historian to Josephus. This ambivalence provides a glimpse into the world of Orthodoxy, and the world of nationalist Orthodoxy in its embryonic stages at the start of the twentieth century. \nAny Orthodox approach to Josephus involves an internal contradiction. On the one hand, Josephus held a place of honor in traditional society, even if this was largely because early commentators identified the book of Josippon with the works of Josephus and cited it frequently. , On the other hand, the actions of Josephus –collaborating with the Romans, publishing books in Greek and becoming an integral part of the Hellenistic-Roman culture – contradict Orthodox values, which eschew cultural collaboration with external elements. Orthodoxy is intensely committed to conserving tradition. The intensity of this commitment, however, is itself an innovation. This is the paradox of Orthodoxy, and the approach of Orthodox historians to Josephus is a signal example of this paradox.\nThe two historians presented here are Rabbi Isaac HaLevi Rabinovitz (1847-1912) and Ze’ev Ya’avetz (1847-1924). Halevi was one of the most important Orthodox pioneers in the field of historiography in the second half of the Nineteenth Century. Ya’avetz, his friend and disciple, was an Orthodox-nationalist historian who published a series of books surveying the history of the people of Israel from the time of the patriarchs until the last quarter of the nineteenth century. His historiographical oeuvre was also part of the Orthodox reaction to the wissenschaft school of historiography. Unlike Halevi, Ya’avetz was distinctive in his identification and cooperation with the nationalist Zionist movement. He was amongst the founders of the “Mizrachi” movement, and was editor of its journal from 1902-1905.\nThey both exemplify the complexity of the Orthodox historian’s approach to Josephus. Along with what their ambivalence can teach us about the inherent paradoxes of Orthodoxy, an examination of their approaches to Josephus may, as well, contribute to improving our understanding of Josephus himself.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59397532,"asset_id":39263399,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":71469594,"first_name":"Eliezer","last_name":"Sariel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EliezerSariel","display_name":"Eliezer Sariel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EliezerSariel?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/71469594/19976515/19766641/s65_eliezer.sariel.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":28247,"name":"Modern Jewish History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Jewish_History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":188164,"name":"Wissenschaft des 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Hieronymus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Saint_Jerome_-_Hieronymus?f_ri=32640"},{"id":1804120,"name":"Patristique latine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristique_latine?f_ri=32640"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13503274" data-work_id="13503274" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13503274/Towards_a_Redating_of_Pompeys_Conquest_of_Jerusalem">Towards a Redating of Pompey's Conquest of Jerusalem</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">It has long been argued, on the basis of dating evidence provided by Josephus, that the Roman General Pompey captured Jerusalem sometime in 63 BC. This paper argues that a conquest in the fall of 64 BC is much better supported by the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13503274" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">It has long been argued, on the basis of dating evidence provided by Josephus, that the Roman General Pompey captured Jerusalem sometime in 63 BC.  This paper argues that a conquest in the fall of 64 BC is much better supported by the available evidence, including that provided by Josephus.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13503274" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4c8977a10a5d12b56af036156b8591f8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":114537860,"asset_id":13503274,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/114537860/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7676281" href="https://utoronto.academia.edu/DuncanCameron">Duncan Cameron</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7676281" type="text/json">{"id":7676281,"first_name":"Duncan","last_name":"Cameron","domain_name":"utoronto","page_name":"DuncanCameron","display_name":"Duncan Cameron","profile_url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/DuncanCameron?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7676281/16291017/16694195/s65_duncan.cameron.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13503274 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13503274"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13503274, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13503274", }); 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href="https://antiquities.academia.edu/TehillahLieberman">Tehillah Lieberman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="51210716" type="text/json">{"id":51210716,"first_name":"Tehillah","last_name":"Lieberman","domain_name":"antiquities","page_name":"TehillahLieberman","display_name":"Tehillah Lieberman","profile_url":"https://antiquities.academia.edu/TehillahLieberman?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/51210716/39023702/32440868/s65_tehillah.lieberman.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-41647847">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-41647847"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://antiquities.academia.edu/KfirArbiv">Kfir Arbiv</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-41647847'), placement: 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cremation">Cremation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="76631" type="text/json">{"id":76631,"name":"Cremation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cremation?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="170829" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jerusalem_Archaeology">Jerusalem Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="170829" type="text/json">{"id":170829,"name":"Jerusalem Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jerusalem_Archaeology?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41647847]'), work: {"id":41647847,"title":"כפיר החרון וקבורת חיילי לגיון: עדויות מקבר אחים במגרש 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Lieberman","profile_url":"https://antiquities.academia.edu/TehillahLieberman?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/51210716/39023702/32440868/s65_tehillah.lieberman.jpg"},{"id":3554814,"first_name":"Kfir","last_name":"Arbiv","domain_name":"antiquities","page_name":"KfirArbiv","display_name":"Kfir Arbiv","profile_url":"https://antiquities.academia.edu/KfirArbiv?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3554814/1227640/16149095/s65_kfir.arbiv.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":75811,"name":"Dead Sea Scrolls","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dead_Sea_Scrolls?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":76631,"name":"Cremation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cremation?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":170829,"name":"Jerusalem Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jerusalem_Archaeology?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":447704,"name":"Massacres in History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Massacres_in_History?f_ri=32640"},{"id":582458,"name":"Hasmoneans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hasmoneans?f_ri=32640"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5887105" data-work_id="5887105" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5887105/Marriage_and_Family_in_Flavius_Josephus_s_Contra_Apionem_II_199_206_against_its_Hellenistic_background">Marriage and Family in Flavius Josephus’s Contra Apionem (II, § 199–206) against its Hellenistic background</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x 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InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5887105"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5887105; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5887105]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5887105").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5887105").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5887105"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15865" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15865" type="text/json">{"id":15865,"name":"Plutarch","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plutarch?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32640" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus">Josephus</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32640" type="text/json">{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="114724" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marriage_and_Family">Marriage and Family</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="114724" type="text/json">{"id":114724,"name":"Marriage and Family","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marriage_and_Family?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="459963" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contra_Apionem">Contra Apionem</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="459963" type="text/json">{"id":459963,"name":"Contra Apionem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contra_Apionem?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5887105]'), work: {"id":5887105,"title":"Marriage and Family in Flavius Josephus’s Contra Apionem (II, § 199–206) against its Hellenistic background","created_at":"2014-01-29T17:26:54.233-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5887105/Marriage_and_Family_in_Flavius_Josephus_s_Contra_Apionem_II_199_206_against_its_Hellenistic_background?f_ri=32640","dom_id":"work_5887105","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32875139,"asset_id":5887105,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":975043,"first_name":"Eberhard","last_name":"Bons","domain_name":"unistra","page_name":"EberhardBons","display_name":"Eberhard Bons","profile_url":"https://unistra.academia.edu/EberhardBons?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/975043/354293/424136/s65_eberhard.bons.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":15865,"name":"Plutarch","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plutarch?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":114724,"name":"Marriage and Family","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marriage_and_Family?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":459963,"name":"Contra Apionem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contra_Apionem?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44756768" data-work_id="44756768" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44756768/Pistis_in_2_Peter_Gods_pledge_of_safe_conduct">Pistis in 2 Peter, God's pledge of safe-conduct</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The debate on the meaning of pistis in 2 Peter 1:1 has alternated between subjective faith (belief) and objective faith (the Faith). However, agreeing with Fredrick W. Danker’s analysis, a secular Hellenistic meaning of pistis better... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44756768" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The debate on the meaning of pistis in 2 Peter 1:1 has alternated between subjective faith (belief) and objective faith (the Faith). However, agreeing with Fredrick W. Danker’s analysis, a secular Hellenistic meaning of pistis better explains the distinctive context of 2 Peter 1:1 and 2 Peter’s use of pistis. Applying ten patterns for the use of pistis as a pledge of safe-conduct, gleaned from its use in secular Hellenistic literature contemporary to 2 Peter, we conclude that 2 Peter 1:1 uses pistis as a pledge of safe-conduct, which introduces 2 Peter’s theme and its controlling journey metaphor.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44756768" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9effca1bc72855d34584f44f76ca56e0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67581183,"asset_id":44756768,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67581183/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="23018056" href="https://gigarockz.academia.edu/DanielWatson">Daniel Watson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="23018056" type="text/json">{"id":23018056,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Watson","domain_name":"gigarockz","page_name":"DanielWatson","display_name":"Daniel Watson","profile_url":"https://gigarockz.academia.edu/DanielWatson?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23018056/58298460/46527865/s65_daniel.watson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44756768 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44756768"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44756768, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44756768", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44756768]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44756768").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44756768").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44756768"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2262" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament">New Testament</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2262" type="text/json">{"id":2262,"name":"New Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10157" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corpus_Linguistics">Corpus Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10157" type="text/json">{"id":10157,"name":"Corpus Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corpus_Linguistics?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17736" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Koine_Greek_language">Koine Greek language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17736" type="text/json">{"id":17736,"name":"Koine Greek language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Koine_Greek_language?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament_and_Christian_Origins">New Testament and Christian Origins</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="18159" type="text/json">{"id":18159,"name":"New Testament and Christian Origins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament_and_Christian_Origins?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44756768]'), work: {"id":44756768,"title":"Pistis in 2 Peter, God's pledge of safe-conduct","created_at":"2020-12-22T09:19:48.130-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44756768/Pistis_in_2_Peter_Gods_pledge_of_safe_conduct?f_ri=32640","dom_id":"work_44756768","summary":"The debate on the meaning of pistis in 2 Peter 1:1 has alternated between subjective faith (belief) and objective faith (the Faith). However, agreeing with Fredrick W. Danker’s analysis, a secular Hellenistic meaning of pistis better explains the distinctive context of 2 Peter 1:1 and 2 Peter’s use of pistis. Applying ten patterns for the use of pistis as a pledge of safe-conduct, gleaned from its use in secular Hellenistic literature contemporary to 2 Peter, we conclude that 2 Peter 1:1 uses pistis as a pledge of safe-conduct, which introduces 2 Peter’s theme and its controlling journey metaphor.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67581183,"asset_id":44756768,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":23018056,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Watson","domain_name":"gigarockz","page_name":"DanielWatson","display_name":"Daniel Watson","profile_url":"https://gigarockz.academia.edu/DanielWatson?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23018056/58298460/46527865/s65_daniel.watson.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2262,"name":"New Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":10157,"name":"Corpus Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corpus_Linguistics?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":17736,"name":"Koine Greek language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Koine_Greek_language?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":18159,"name":"New Testament and Christian Origins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament_and_Christian_Origins?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":18769,"name":"Greek","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek?f_ri=32640"},{"id":22885,"name":"Greek Papyrology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Papyrology?f_ri=32640"},{"id":26305,"name":"Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible?f_ri=32640"},{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640"},{"id":52074,"name":"Ancient Greek Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_Language?f_ri=32640"},{"id":62302,"name":"Biblical Literature and Hermeneutics (esp. 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Koine Greek Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Studies._Koine_Greek_Language?f_ri=32640"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31987949" data-work_id="31987949" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31987949/The_Rivalry_of_Rome_and_Parthia_in_the_Sources_from_the_Augustan_Age_to_Late_Antiquity_Anabasis_7_2016_">The Rivalry of Rome and Parthia in the Sources from the Augustan Age to Late Antiquity (Anabasis 7, 2016)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abstract This article examines the longstanding rivalry of Rome and Parthia, which began as an unintended consequence of Crassus’ decisive defeat at Carrhae in 53 BCE. It synthesizes the accounts and opinions of numerous Graeco-Roman... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31987949" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abstract<br />This article examines the longstanding rivalry of Rome and Parthia, which began as an unintended consequence of Crassus’ decisive defeat at Carrhae in 53 BCE. It synthesizes the accounts and opinions of numerous Graeco-Roman writers from the Augustan Age to late antiquity in order to help illustrate the new and interconnected post-Carrhae world and its legacy. The rivalry of the Romans and Parthians became a primary focus of their foreign policies and drastically expanded their perceptions of the world in which they interacted. Even after the fall of the Parthians to the rebellious Sassanid Persians in the 220s CE, the Romans continued to find their three-century-long rivalry with the Parthians of interest and relevant to the changing world of late antiquity.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31987949" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e9b077f7c7789564cc67615817650970" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52258305,"asset_id":31987949,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52258305/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5146293" href="https://wsu.academia.edu/NikolausOvertoom">Nikolaus L Overtoom</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5146293" type="text/json">{"id":5146293,"first_name":"Nikolaus","last_name":"Overtoom","domain_name":"wsu","page_name":"NikolausOvertoom","display_name":"Nikolaus L Overtoom","profile_url":"https://wsu.academia.edu/NikolausOvertoom?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5146293/2260431/14198576/s65_nikolaus.overtoom.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31987949 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31987949"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31987949, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31987949", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31987949]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31987949").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31987949").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31987949"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">288</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl11x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History">European History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="131" type="text/json">{"id":131,"name":"European History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="133" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_History">Military History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="133" type="text/json">{"id":133,"name":"Military History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31987949]'), work: {"id":31987949,"title":"The Rivalry of Rome and Parthia in the Sources from the Augustan Age to Late Antiquity (Anabasis 7, 2016)","created_at":"2017-03-22T09:37:17.420-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31987949/The_Rivalry_of_Rome_and_Parthia_in_the_Sources_from_the_Augustan_Age_to_Late_Antiquity_Anabasis_7_2016_?f_ri=32640","dom_id":"work_31987949","summary":"Abstract\nThis article examines the longstanding rivalry of Rome and Parthia, which began as an unintended consequence of Crassus’ decisive defeat at Carrhae in 53 BCE. It synthesizes the accounts and opinions of numerous Graeco-Roman writers from the Augustan Age to late antiquity in order to help illustrate the new and interconnected post-Carrhae world and its legacy. The rivalry of the Romans and Parthians became a primary focus of their foreign policies and drastically expanded their perceptions of the world in which they interacted. Even after the fall of the Parthians to the rebellious Sassanid Persians in the 220s CE, the Romans continued to find their three-century-long rivalry with the Parthians of interest and relevant to the changing world of late antiquity.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52258305,"asset_id":31987949,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5146293,"first_name":"Nikolaus","last_name":"Overtoom","domain_name":"wsu","page_name":"NikolausOvertoom","display_name":"Nikolaus L Overtoom","profile_url":"https://wsu.academia.edu/NikolausOvertoom?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5146293/2260431/14198576/s65_nikolaus.overtoom.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":131,"name":"European History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":133,"name":"Military History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":135,"name":"Intellectual History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_History?f_ri=32640"},{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=32640"},{"id":137,"name":"Economic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_History?f_ri=32640"},{"id":383,"name":"European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies?f_ri=32640"},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=32640"},{"id":393,"name":"Classical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Archaeology?f_ri=32640"},{"id":797,"name":"International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations?f_ri=32640"},{"id":816,"name":"Classics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classics?f_ri=32640"},{"id":826,"name":"Greek Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Literature?f_ri=32640"},{"id":827,"name":"Latin Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Literature?f_ri=32640"},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=32640"},{"id":835,"name":"Hellenistic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hellenistic_Literature?f_ri=32640"},{"id":844,"name":"Neronian Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neronian_Literature?f_ri=32640"},{"id":845,"name":"Roman Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Historiography?f_ri=32640"},{"id":870,"name":"Visual propaganda","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_propaganda?f_ri=32640"},{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=32640"},{"id":990,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_History?f_ri=32640"},{"id":991,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_Studies?f_ri=32640"},{"id":1166,"name":"International Relations Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations_Theory?f_ri=32640"},{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences?f_ri=32640"},{"id":1271,"name":"Near Eastern Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Studies?f_ri=32640"},{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=32640"},{"id":1911,"name":"International 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Roman Alexandria. Philosophia platonica. Community of Therapeutai.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greeks_and_Jews._Roman_Alexandria._Philosophia_platonica._Community_of_Therapeutai?f_ri=32640"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1513589" data-work_id="1513589" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1513589/The_Character_of_Jonathan_Son_of_Saul_in_Jewish_and_Christian_Interpretations">The Character of Jonathan Son of Saul in Jewish and Christian Interpretations</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Using as case study the Biblical character of Jonathan, I am attempting to compare the reinterpretations of Biblical characters in post-Biblical Judaism and Early Christian literature.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1513589" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="32210970cc167f4c88c5590de1c7d031" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":12364479,"asset_id":1513589,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/12364479/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="245869" href="https://jagiellonian.academia.edu/AleksandraKleczar">Aleksandra Kleczar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="245869" type="text/json">{"id":245869,"first_name":"Aleksandra","last_name":"Kleczar","domain_name":"jagiellonian","page_name":"AleksandraKleczar","display_name":"Aleksandra Kleczar","profile_url":"https://jagiellonian.academia.edu/AleksandraKleczar?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/245869/542890/678182/s65_aleksandra.kleczar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1513589 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1513589"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1513589, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1513589", }); 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(2020) "Jerusalem during the First Jewish-Roman War", Pp. 171-200 in The History of Jerusalem: The Second Temple Period (Sefer Yerushalaim), Vol. 1, ed. I. Gafni, R. Reich, and J. Schwartz. Jerusalem: Yad Ben Zvi (Hebrew).</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43710648" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="94ddc76cdcd362852e048aad6e7f613e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64016707,"asset_id":43710648,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64016707/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5192613" href="https://ariel.academia.edu/DavidGurevich">David Gurevich</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5192613" type="text/json">{"id":5192613,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Gurevich","domain_name":"ariel","page_name":"DavidGurevich","display_name":"David Gurevich","profile_url":"https://ariel.academia.edu/DavidGurevich?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5192613/3309409/161860958/s65_david.gurevich.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43710648 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43710648"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43710648, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43710648", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43710648]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43710648").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43710648").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43710648"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32640" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus">Josephus</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32640" type="text/json">{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43809" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="43809" type="text/json">{"id":43809,"name":"Jerusalem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jerusalem?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="170829" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jerusalem_Archaeology">Jerusalem Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="170829" type="text/json">{"id":170829,"name":"Jerusalem Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jerusalem_Archaeology?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="240464" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flavius_Josephus">Flavius Josephus</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="240464" type="text/json">{"id":240464,"name":"Flavius Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flavius_Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43710648]'), work: {"id":43710648,"title":"Gurevich, D. (2020) \"Jerusalem during the First Jewish-Roman War\", Pp. 171-200 in The History of Jerusalem: The Second Temple Period (Sefer Yerushalaim), Vol. 1, ed. I. Gafni, R. Reich, and J. Schwartz. Jerusalem: Yad Ben Zvi (Hebrew).","created_at":"2020-07-25T08:06:02.222-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43710648/Gurevich_D_2020_Jerusalem_during_the_First_Jewish_Roman_War_Pp_171_200_in_The_History_of_Jerusalem_The_Second_Temple_Period_Sefer_Yerushalaim_Vol_1_ed_I_Gafni_R_Reich_and_J_Schwartz_Jerusalem_Yad_Ben_Zvi_Hebrew_?f_ri=32640","dom_id":"work_43710648","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64016707,"asset_id":43710648,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5192613,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Gurevich","domain_name":"ariel","page_name":"DavidGurevich","display_name":"David Gurevich","profile_url":"https://ariel.academia.edu/DavidGurevich?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5192613/3309409/161860958/s65_david.gurevich.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":43809,"name":"Jerusalem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jerusalem?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":170829,"name":"Jerusalem Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jerusalem_Archaeology?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":240464,"name":"Flavius Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flavius_Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":253516,"name":"History of Jerusalem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Jerusalem?f_ri=32640"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=32640"},{"id":958794,"name":"Jewish War 66 73. AD","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_War_66_73._AD?f_ri=32640"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40474270" data-work_id="40474270" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40474270/La_nascita_dei_Sicar%C3%AE_Dall_%E1%BC%80%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B9%CE%BB%E1%BF%83%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82_Ezechia_al_%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82_Giuda_il_Galileo_Appunti_Romani_di_Filologia_21_2019_pp_25_47">La nascita dei Sicarî. Dall’ἀρχιλῃστής Ezechia al σοφιστής Giuda il Galileo, «Appunti Romani di Filologia» 21, 2019, pp. 25-47</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The birth of the Sicarî. From the ἀρχιλῃστής Hezekiah to the σοφιστής Judas the Galilean · The Sicarî, the most violent revolutionary group in Palestine in the decades before Jerusalem’s destruction in 70 AD, strongly opposed the Roman... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40474270" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The birth of the Sicarî. From the ἀρχιλῃστής Hezekiah to the σοφιστής Judas the Galilean · The Sicarî, the most violent revolutionary group in Palestine in the decades before Jerusalem’s destruction in 70 AD, strongly opposed the Roman occupation of Judea, constitute a dynasty of λῃσταί obsessed with aspiration to the throne. This paper deals<br />with the origins of the movement, in particular the first two leaders : Hezekiah (47-46 BCE) and his son Judas the Galilean (4 BC-6 AD). If Hezekiah’s revolt still had unclear contours, Judas certainly aimed to become king. <br />Keywords : Sicarî, Hezekiah, Judas the Galilean, Judea, Flavius Josephus.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40474270" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a8b90da7dd4fd2222aab87eee9149f4d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60740302,"asset_id":40474270,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60740302/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5818282" href="https://uniroma3.academia.edu/MaurizioRavallese">Maurizio Ravallese</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5818282" type="text/json">{"id":5818282,"first_name":"Maurizio","last_name":"Ravallese","domain_name":"uniroma3","page_name":"MaurizioRavallese","display_name":"Maurizio Ravallese","profile_url":"https://uniroma3.academia.edu/MaurizioRavallese?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5818282/4277521/96578538/s65_maurizio.ravallese.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40474270 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40474270"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40474270, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40474270", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40474270]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40474270").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40474270").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40474270"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32640" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus">Josephus</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32640" type="text/json">{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="225534" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sicarios">Sicarios</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="225534" type="text/json">{"id":225534,"name":"Sicarios","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sicarios?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="544424" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hezekiah">Hezekiah</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="544424" type="text/json">{"id":544424,"name":"Hezekiah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hezekiah?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="958794" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_War_66_73._AD">Jewish War 66 73. AD</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="958794" type="text/json">{"id":958794,"name":"Jewish War 66 73. AD","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_War_66_73._AD?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40474270]'), work: {"id":40474270,"title":"La nascita dei Sicarî. Dall’ἀρχιλῃστής Ezechia al σοφιστής Giuda il Galileo, «Appunti Romani di Filologia» 21, 2019, pp. 25-47","created_at":"2019-09-29T15:21:34.146-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40474270/La_nascita_dei_Sicar%C3%AE_Dall_%E1%BC%80%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B9%CE%BB%E1%BF%83%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82_Ezechia_al_%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82_Giuda_il_Galileo_Appunti_Romani_di_Filologia_21_2019_pp_25_47?f_ri=32640","dom_id":"work_40474270","summary":"The birth of the Sicarî. From the ἀρχιλῃστής Hezekiah to the σοφιστής Judas the Galilean · The Sicarî, the most violent revolutionary group in Palestine in the decades before Jerusalem’s destruction in 70 AD, strongly opposed the Roman occupation of Judea, constitute a dynasty of λῃσταί obsessed with aspiration to the throne. This paper deals\nwith the origins of the movement, in particular the first two leaders : Hezekiah (47-46 BCE) and his son Judas the Galilean (4 BC-6 AD). If Hezekiah’s revolt still had unclear contours, Judas certainly aimed to become king. \nKeywords : Sicarî, Hezekiah, Judas the Galilean, Judea, Flavius Josephus.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60740302,"asset_id":40474270,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5818282,"first_name":"Maurizio","last_name":"Ravallese","domain_name":"uniroma3","page_name":"MaurizioRavallese","display_name":"Maurizio Ravallese","profile_url":"https://uniroma3.academia.edu/MaurizioRavallese?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5818282/4277521/96578538/s65_maurizio.ravallese.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":225534,"name":"Sicarios","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sicarios?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":544424,"name":"Hezekiah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hezekiah?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":958794,"name":"Jewish War 66 73. AD","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_War_66_73._AD?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34070340" data-work_id="34070340" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34070340/La_Separaci%C3%B3n_de_Caminos_entre_Jud%C3%ADos_y_Cristianos_una_perspectiva_geogr%C3%A1fico_literaria">La Separación de Caminos entre Judíos y Cristianos: una perspectiva geográfico-literaria.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Tesis de Doctorado / PhD Thesis. Since J. Parkes invented it in 1934, the expression “Parting of the Ways” has deeply rooted in the scholarship to study the distance between Jews and Christians during Antiquity. Indeed, issued from the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34070340" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Tesis de Doctorado / PhD Thesis.<br />Since J. Parkes invented it in 1934, the expression “Parting of the Ways” has deeply rooted in the scholarship to study the distance between Jews and Christians during Antiquity. Indeed, issued from the same common background, which was the Second Temple Judaism, Christianity and Rabbinic Judaism became two opposing orthodoxies which excluded each other and, largely, based their own identity in opposition to the other one, in a process started by the destruction of the Temple of Jerusalem in the year 70. This doctoral thesis analyses how this parting of the ways happened throughout the first three centuries of the Common Era in the different regional realities of the Roman Empire, taking as a main source the literature of the Church Fathers, though also other ones, as the rabbinic literature, the so-called “cycle of the Talmud”. So, despite their rivalries, Judaism and Christianity form a large spectrum where, in an extreme, we find the Rabbinic Judaism, for which Jesus represents nothing, and, in the other, different forms of Gnostic Christianity, which fully denied the identification between the Jewish Jahveh and the God Father preached by Jesus Christ and, because of that, refused all the Jewish heritage of Christianity. Between both extremes became established the self-proclaimed Orthodox Christianity, over the basis of the anti-legalistic thought of the Apostle Paul. This form of Christianity also felt obliged to harmonize Hebrew Scriptures as a part of the history of salvation with the idea that the Mosaic Law had been abrogated with the coming of the Messiah. This proto-Orthodox Christianity found in the method of allegory applied to the interpretation of the Old Testament the legitimation of its doctrine and its universalistic and uniformist wishes. On the other hand, the rabbis, with the Patriarch as their leader, got the decisive support of the Roman authorities in their purpose to proclaim themselves as the leaders of Judaism, which was decapitated after the disappearance of the Temple. This Judaism found its way of expression in the so-called Talmudic literature, where the Rabbis systematized an orthodoxy that excluded from the people of Israel all those who did not share their doctrines, as we can see, for example, in the Birkat ha minim, imprecation which, included in the liturgy of the synagogue worship, was pronounced against the Followers of Jesus of Nazareth.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34070340" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3e414a594c141700b14695a0bafecc31" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54005895,"asset_id":34070340,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54005895/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15601651" href="https://alicante.academia.edu/CarlesLilloBotella">Carles Lillo Botella</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15601651" type="text/json">{"id":15601651,"first_name":"Carles","last_name":"Lillo Botella","domain_name":"alicante","page_name":"CarlesLilloBotella","display_name":"Carles Lillo Botella","profile_url":"https://alicante.academia.edu/CarlesLilloBotella?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15601651/15849714/16377992/s65_carles.lillo_botella.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34070340 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34070340"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34070340, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34070340", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34070340]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34070340").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34070340").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34070340"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">64</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="109" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity">Christianity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="109" type="text/json">{"id":109,"name":"Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="829" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History">Roman History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="829" type="text/json">{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="983" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies">Jewish Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="983" type="text/json">{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34070340]'), work: {"id":34070340,"title":"La Separación de Caminos entre Judíos y Cristianos: una perspectiva geográfico-literaria.","created_at":"2017-07-29T04:34:44.862-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34070340/La_Separaci%C3%B3n_de_Caminos_entre_Jud%C3%ADos_y_Cristianos_una_perspectiva_geogr%C3%A1fico_literaria?f_ri=32640","dom_id":"work_34070340","summary":"Tesis de Doctorado / PhD Thesis.\nSince J. Parkes invented it in 1934, the expression “Parting of the Ways” has deeply rooted in the scholarship to study the distance between Jews and Christians during Antiquity. Indeed, issued from the same common background, which was the Second Temple Judaism, Christianity and Rabbinic Judaism became two opposing orthodoxies which excluded each other and, largely, based their own identity in opposition to the other one, in a process started by the destruction of the Temple of Jerusalem in the year 70. This doctoral thesis analyses how this parting of the ways happened throughout the first three centuries of the Common Era in the different regional realities of the Roman Empire, taking as a main source the literature of the Church Fathers, though also other ones, as the rabbinic literature, the so-called “cycle of the Talmud”. So, despite their rivalries, Judaism and Christianity form a large spectrum where, in an extreme, we find the Rabbinic Judaism, for which Jesus represents nothing, and, in the other, different forms of Gnostic Christianity, which fully denied the identification between the Jewish Jahveh and the God Father preached by Jesus Christ and, because of that, refused all the Jewish heritage of Christianity. Between both extremes became established the self-proclaimed Orthodox Christianity, over the basis of the anti-legalistic thought of the Apostle Paul. This form of Christianity also felt obliged to harmonize Hebrew Scriptures as a part of the history of salvation with the idea that the Mosaic Law had been abrogated with the coming of the Messiah. This proto-Orthodox Christianity found in the method of allegory applied to the interpretation of the Old Testament the legitimation of its doctrine and its universalistic and uniformist wishes. On the other hand, the rabbis, with the Patriarch as their leader, got the decisive support of the Roman authorities in their purpose to proclaim themselves as the leaders of Judaism, which was decapitated after the disappearance of the Temple. This Judaism found its way of expression in the so-called Talmudic literature, where the Rabbis systematized an orthodoxy that excluded from the people of Israel all those who did not share their doctrines, as we can see, for example, in the Birkat ha minim, imprecation which, included in the liturgy of the synagogue worship, was pronounced against the Followers of Jesus of Nazareth.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54005895,"asset_id":34070340,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15601651,"first_name":"Carles","last_name":"Lillo Botella","domain_name":"alicante","page_name":"CarlesLilloBotella","display_name":"Carles Lillo Botella","profile_url":"https://alicante.academia.edu/CarlesLilloBotella?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15601651/15849714/16377992/s65_carles.lillo_botella.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":109,"name":"Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":2049,"name":"Patristics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristics?f_ri=32640"},{"id":2059,"name":"History of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religion?f_ri=32640"},{"id":2262,"name":"New Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament?f_ri=32640"},{"id":2471,"name":"History of Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Christianity?f_ri=32640"},{"id":3617,"name":"Early Church","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Church?f_ri=32640"},{"id":4175,"name":"Talmud","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Talmud?f_ri=32640"},{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=32640"},{"id":9755,"name":"Second Temple Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Temple_Judaism?f_ri=32640"},{"id":10709,"name":"Irenaeus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irenaeus?f_ri=32640"},{"id":10947,"name":"Jewish - Christian Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_-_Christian_Relations?f_ri=32640"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=32640"},{"id":18158,"name":"Rabbinic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rabbinic_Literature?f_ri=32640"},{"id":18159,"name":"New Testament and Christian Origins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament_and_Christian_Origins?f_ri=32640"},{"id":21618,"name":"Late Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Empire?f_ri=32640"},{"id":21750,"name":"Martyrdom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Martyrdom?f_ri=32640"},{"id":23555,"name":"Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Empire?f_ri=32640"},{"id":26445,"name":"Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaism?f_ri=32640"},{"id":26548,"name":"Religious 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href="https://www.academia.edu/15092789/Rhetoric_and_Propaganda_In_The_New_Testament">Rhetoric & Propaganda In The New Testament</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Paper exposes and details the usage of rhetoric & propaganda. Knowing this also exposes the purposes and motives involved in the creation of such texts. Which, in turn, leads us to information about the true authorship of these texts.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15092789" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Paper exposes and details the usage of rhetoric & propaganda. Knowing this also exposes the purposes and motives involved in the creation of such texts. Which, in turn, leads us to information about the true authorship of these texts. Emphasis is upon the importance of recognizing literary devices.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15092789" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7dbf3d24d1374992be4e1f7b5121568d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38539053,"asset_id":15092789,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38539053/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25989737" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RomanPiso">Roman Piso</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25989737" type="text/json">{"id":25989737,"first_name":"Roman","last_name":"Piso","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RomanPiso","display_name":"Roman Piso","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RomanPiso?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25989737/7129332/8030951/s65_roman.piso.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15092789 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15092789"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15092789, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15092789", }); 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})();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39458704" data-work_id="39458704" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39458704/Historicita_Biblie_Nov%C3%A9_objavy_">Historicita Biblie (Nové objavy)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Táto kniha prináša mnoho nových objavov z oblasti biblických dejín. K starším paralelám medzi Eposom o Gilgamešovi a knihou Genezis pridala nové paralely. Zovšeobecnila najstaršie dejiny vzniku prvej civilizácie sveta (sumerskej) s... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39458704" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Táto kniha prináša mnoho nových objavov z oblasti biblických dejín. K starším paralelám medzi Eposom o Gilgamešovi a knihou Genezis pridala nové paralely. Zovšeobecnila najstaršie dejiny vzniku prvej civilizácie sveta (sumerskej) s biblickými dejinami vzniku človeka. Ukázala, že biblické dejiny Jozefa a jeho rodiny, rovnako ako aj exodu Židov z Egypta majú svoje paralely s kráľovskými dejinami Egypta. Herodotove kráľovské príbehy z prostredia perzského kráľa Dareia majú svoje paralely v biblických knihách Judit, Tobiáš, ale najmä Ester. Príbehy Makabejských mučeníkov zodpovedajú príbehom z kráľovských dejín Hasmoneovskej dynastie, tak ako ich zaznamenal Jozef Flávius. Podobne príbehy Panny Márie a jej rodiny zodpovedajú kráľovským príbehom poslednej Hasmoneovskej kráľovnej Mariamné a jej rodiny, tak ako ich zaznamenáva Jozef Flávius. Prensledovanie kresťanov za Nera v roku 64 po Kr. pravdepodobne inicioval Jozef Flávius, ktorý sa práve v tej dobe ocitol v Ríme a potreboval od Nera, aby prepustil uväznených židovských kňazov. Vyznanie Jozefa Flávia o Ježišovi, že je Kristus (Testimonium Flavianum) zrejme napísal laodicejský biskup Anatolius, ktorý bol jedným z teológov – matematikov, ktorí v tej dobe upresňovali historické dáta teologicko – matematickými konštrukciami. A nakoniec, pravdepodobne list cisára Trajána miestodržiteľovi Bythínie Plíniovi Mladšiemu je predobrazom, z ktorého sa neskôr vyvinul list Pána Ježiša kráľovi Abgarovi v Edesse, z neho zázračný obraz (mandylion) Pána Ježiša v Edesse a Konštantínopole a nakoniec možno aj Turínske plátno.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39458704" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9e54d15d9045c9f2048bf4c055c6e912" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59604868,"asset_id":39458704,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59604868/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="79525014" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JaroslavKuku%C4%8Da">Jaroslav Kukuča</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="79525014" type="text/json">{"id":79525014,"first_name":"Jaroslav","last_name":"Kukuča","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JaroslavKukuča","display_name":"Jaroslav Kukuča","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JaroslavKuku%C4%8Da?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/79525014/22443444/21647062/s65_jaroslav.kuku_a.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39458704 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39458704"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39458704, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39458704", }); 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A nakoniec, pravdepodobne list cisára Trajána miestodržiteľovi Bythínie Plíniovi Mladšiemu je predobrazom, z ktorého sa neskôr vyvinul list Pána Ježiša kráľovi Abgarovi v Edesse, z neho zázračný obraz (mandylion) Pána Ježiša v Edesse a Konštantínopole a nakoniec možno aj Turínske plátno.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59604868,"asset_id":39458704,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":79525014,"first_name":"Jaroslav","last_name":"Kukuča","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JaroslavKukuča","display_name":"Jaroslav Kukuča","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JaroslavKuku%C4%8Da?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/79525014/22443444/21647062/s65_jaroslav.kuku_a.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6528,"name":"Biblical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Studies?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":26305,"name":"Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":517509,"name":"Biblical Intertextuality and Intratextuality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Intertextuality_and_Intratextuality?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":974810,"name":"Biblical Historicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Historicity?f_ri=32640"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37079941" data-work_id="37079941" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37079941/%D7%98%D7%99%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A1_%D7%91%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93%D7%A9_%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%91%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9A_%D7%98%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%9F_%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%A0%D7%A2%D7%9D_%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A3_%D7%A2%D7%9D_%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%91%D7%9F_%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%A8_%D7%93%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A5_%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A9_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A1_%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%96_%D7%9C_%D7%91_%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%AA%D7%A9%D7%A2_%D7%96_%D7%A2%D7%9E_770_741">'טיטוס בקודש הקודשים', בתוך: טל אילן, ורד נעם, בשיתוף עם מאיר בן שחר, דפנה ברץ ויעל פיש, בין יוספוס לחז"ל, ב, ירושלים תשע"ז, עמ' 770-741.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37079941" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="53e5c88b9671e2b622b91a65edea4223" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57031709,"asset_id":37079941,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57031709/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1091164" href="https://huji.academia.edu/MeirBenShahar">Meir Ben Shahar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1091164" type="text/json">{"id":1091164,"first_name":"Meir","last_name":"Ben Shahar","domain_name":"huji","page_name":"MeirBenShahar","display_name":"Meir Ben Shahar","profile_url":"https://huji.academia.edu/MeirBenShahar?f_ri=32640","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37079941 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37079941"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37079941, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37079941", }); 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See the original with the illustrations in BAR 28.2, 2002, 18-27, 60-61.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41992355" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2c4ae1c1446f44021d8f90770f381d72" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65757770,"asset_id":41992355,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65757770/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3349059" href="https://ulondon.academia.edu/DavidJacobson">David M . Jacobson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3349059" type="text/json">{"id":3349059,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Jacobson","domain_name":"ulondon","page_name":"DavidJacobson","display_name":"David M . Jacobson","profile_url":"https://ulondon.academia.edu/DavidJacobson?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3349059/26247996/24844113/s65_david.jacobson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41992355 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41992355"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41992355, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41992355", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_41992355 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41992355; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_41992355"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_41992355 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41992355"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41992355; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41992355]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41992355").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41992355").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41992355"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32640" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus">Josephus</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32640" type="text/json">{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35546" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Temples">Roman Temples</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35546" type="text/json">{"id":35546,"name":"Roman Temples","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Temples?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60459" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Temple_Period">Second Temple Period</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60459" type="text/json">{"id":60459,"name":"Second Temple Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Temple_Period?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="84918" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Herod_The_Great">Herod The Great</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="84918" type="text/json">{"id":84918,"name":"Herod The Great","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Herod_The_Great?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41992355]'), work: {"id":41992355,"title":"Herod's 'Roman' Temple","created_at":"2020-02-16T15:57:49.606-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41992355/Herods_Roman_Temple?f_ri=32640","dom_id":"work_41992355","summary":"Updated text. See the original with the illustrations in BAR 28.2, 2002, 18-27, 60-61.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65757770,"asset_id":41992355,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3349059,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Jacobson","domain_name":"ulondon","page_name":"DavidJacobson","display_name":"David M . 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They illuminate Herod’s pre-eminent role in the Augustan client network and his remarkable energies, expressed in an extensive building programme which has left substantial remains. The literary records of Herod’s life and times, primarily by Josephus, are critically examined here in relation to the documentary and archaeological evidence.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40105267" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bf1fa1d193137f8ea59657c084d5f6cc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60347074,"asset_id":40105267,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60347074/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3349059" href="https://ulondon.academia.edu/DavidJacobson">David M . Jacobson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3349059" type="text/json">{"id":3349059,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Jacobson","domain_name":"ulondon","page_name":"DavidJacobson","display_name":"David M . 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They illuminate Herod’s pre-eminent role in the Augustan client network and his remarkable energies, expressed in an extensive building programme which has left substantial remains. The literary records of Herod’s life and times, primarily by Josephus, are critically examined here in relation to the documentary and archaeological evidence.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60347074,"asset_id":40105267,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3349059,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Jacobson","domain_name":"ulondon","page_name":"DavidJacobson","display_name":"David M . 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href="https://www.academia.edu/56467624/%D7%90%D7%99_%D7%A9%D7%9D_%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%A9%D7%AA_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%94_%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%93%D7%A9_%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%94%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%A7%D7%A9%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9F">אי שם מעבר לקשת: על הגישה לבית המקדש ולהר הבית מעל קשת וילסון</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/56467624" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ec6f016486b5ba313d393b462e95339b" rel="nofollow" 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Alexandria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philo_of_Alexandria?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18162" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apostle_Paul_and_the_Pauline_Letters">Apostle Paul and the Pauline Letters</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="18162" type="text/json">{"id":18162,"name":"Apostle Paul and the Pauline Letters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apostle_Paul_and_the_Pauline_Letters?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17074028]'), work: {"id":17074028,"title":"Ekklēsia as a Jewish Synagogue Term: Some Implications for Paul’s Socio-Religious 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Synagogues","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ancient_Synagogues?f_ri=32640"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9867449" data-work_id="9867449" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9867449/Tiberias_Lexham_Bible_Dictionary_Entry_">Tiberias (Lexham Bible Dictionary Entry)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9867449" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Temple_Judaism">Second Temple Judaism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9755" type="text/json">{"id":9755,"name":"Second Temple Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Temple_Judaism?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16829" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Archaeology">Biblical Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16829" type="text/json">{"id":16829,"name":"Biblical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Archaeology?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Jesus">Historical Jesus</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="23692" type="text/json">{"id":23692,"name":"Historical 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href="https://www.academia.edu/53132611/Csalog_Eszter_Gr%C3%BCll_Tibor_Flavius_Josephus_mint_bibliaford%C3%ADt%C3%B3_Josephus_as_a_Bible_Translator_in_Hungarian_">Csalog Eszter - Grüll Tibor: Flavius Josephus mint bibliafordító [Josephus as a Bible Translator, in Hungarian]</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/53132611" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6bba7003060261635a5997e3413453f3" rel="nofollow" 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type="text/json">{"id":6586,"name":"Bible Translation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible_Translation?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10824" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Septuagint">Septuagint</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10824" type="text/json">{"id":10824,"name":"Septuagint","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Septuagint?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32640" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus">Josephus</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32640" type="text/json">{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=53132611]'), work: {"id":53132611,"title":"Csalog Eszter - Grüll Tibor: Flavius Josephus mint 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Schwartz","profile_url":"https://huji.academia.edu/DanielRSchwartz?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5836034/55681247/43864062/s65_daniel.schwartz.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":32640,"name":"Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Josephus?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false},{"id":84918,"name":"Herod The Great","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Herod_The_Great?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43814960" data-work_id="43814960" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43814960/Bilderverbot_und_G%C3%B6tzendienst_Zum_Verst%C3%A4ndnis_des_Bilderverbots_in_Texten_des_hellenistisch_fr%C3%BChr%C3%B6mischen_und_des_rabbinischen_Judentums_mit_einem_Blick_auf_den_arch%C3%A4ologischen_Befund">Bilderverbot und Götzendienst: Zum Verständnis des “Bilderverbots” in Texten des hellenistisch-frührömischen und des rabbinischen Judentums, mit einem Blick auf den archäologischen Befund</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The article points to the close connection between the ›prohibition of images‹ and the prohibition of idolatry in ancient Judaism, which had already been established in the Decalogue itself. First, the treatment of the ›prohibition of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43814960" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The article points to the close connection between the ›prohibition of images‹ and the prohibition of idolatry in ancient Judaism, which had already been established in the Decalogue itself. First, the treatment of the ›prohibition of images‹ in Philo of Alexandria and Flavius Josephus is discussed, followed by a treatment of the archaeological evidence up to the Bar Kokhba revolt. A reluctance to depict animals and humans can be observed here, especially in order to prevent their being worshipped. However, there is no absolute prohibition of images, and the archaeological evidence also yields individual depictions of animals and even humans which points to social and ideological differences in the Judaism of the Hellenistic-Early Roman period. The rabbinic texts refer even more strongly to the aspect of worship: according to Tannaitic sources (above all, Mishnah and Tosefta Avodah zarah), using those images that are ›worshipped‹ is forbidden. The presence of images, even images of gods, in public spaces not designed for their worship is unproblematic, as the famous anecdote about Rabban Gamli’el in Aphrodite’s bath in Akko illustrates, according to which the statue of Aphrodite is considered to be a mere ›ornament‹. The archaeological evidence seems to correspond to this: from the early 3rd century at the latest, one finds animal images preserved on lintels of synagogues, followed soon afterwards by human depictions, e.g. on synagogue mosaic floors, and finally also depictions of Helios and the Quadriga. Only in later witnesses (beginning ith the Babylonian Talmud) do we find prohibitions to depict, for example, the moon even as an ornament, and ›iconoclastic‹ interventions are discernible in the archaeological evidence. – The PDF uploaded is a pre-print version with corrections. I shall be happy to send a PDF of the published version upon request.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43814960" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0d2db82176ea81c1f1c5752e13853c80" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65559365,"asset_id":43814960,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65559365/download_file?st=MTczMjgwNjg2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2821474" href="https://uni-muenster.academia.edu/LutzDoering">Lutz Doering</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2821474" type="text/json">{"id":2821474,"first_name":"Lutz","last_name":"Doering","domain_name":"uni-muenster","page_name":"LutzDoering","display_name":"Lutz Doering","profile_url":"https://uni-muenster.academia.edu/LutzDoering?f_ri=32640","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2821474/1211130/1515802/s65_lutz.doering.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43814960 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43814960"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43814960, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43814960", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43814960]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43814960").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43814960").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43814960"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2262" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament">New Testament</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2262" type="text/json">{"id":2262,"name":"New Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6528" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Studies">Biblical Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6528" type="text/json">{"id":6528,"name":"Biblical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Studies?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9755" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Temple_Judaism">Second Temple Judaism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9755" type="text/json">{"id":9755,"name":"Second Temple Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Temple_Judaism?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11728" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philo_of_Alexandria">Philo of Alexandria</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11728" type="text/json">{"id":11728,"name":"Philo of Alexandria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philo_of_Alexandria?f_ri=32640","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43814960]'), work: {"id":43814960,"title":"Bilderverbot und Götzendienst: Zum Verständnis des “Bilderverbots” in Texten des hellenistisch-frührömischen und des rabbinischen Judentums, mit einem Blick auf den archäologischen Befund","created_at":"2020-08-09T06:44:35.492-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43814960/Bilderverbot_und_G%C3%B6tzendienst_Zum_Verst%C3%A4ndnis_des_Bilderverbots_in_Texten_des_hellenistisch_fr%C3%BChr%C3%B6mischen_und_des_rabbinischen_Judentums_mit_einem_Blick_auf_den_arch%C3%A4ologischen_Befund?f_ri=32640","dom_id":"work_43814960","summary":"The article points to the close connection between the ›prohibition of images‹ and the prohibition of idolatry in ancient Judaism, which had already been established in the Decalogue itself. First, the treatment of the ›prohibition of images‹ in Philo of Alexandria and Flavius Josephus is discussed, followed by a treatment of the archaeological evidence up to the Bar Kokhba revolt. A reluctance to depict animals and humans can be observed here, especially in order to prevent their being worshipped. However, there is no absolute prohibition of images, and the archaeological evidence also yields individual depictions of animals and even humans which points to social and ideological differences in the Judaism of the Hellenistic-Early Roman period. The rabbinic texts refer even more strongly to the aspect of worship: according to Tannaitic sources (above all, Mishnah and Tosefta Avodah zarah), using those images that are ›worshipped‹ is forbidden. The presence of images, even images of gods, in public spaces not designed for their worship is unproblematic, as the famous anecdote about Rabban Gamli’el in Aphrodite’s bath in Akko illustrates, according to which the statue of Aphrodite is considered to be a mere ›ornament‹. The archaeological evidence seems to correspond to this: from the early 3rd century at the latest, one finds animal images preserved on lintels of synagogues, followed soon afterwards by human depictions, e.g. on synagogue mosaic floors, and finally also depictions of Helios and the Quadriga. Only in later witnesses (beginning ith the Babylonian Talmud) do we find prohibitions to depict, for example, the moon even as an ornament, and ›iconoclastic‹ interventions are discernible in the archaeological evidence. – The PDF uploaded is a pre-print version with corrections. 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