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{"work":{"id":31625249,"created_at":"2017-02-27T01:49:52.822-08:00","from_world_paper_id":161064842,"updated_at":"2025-02-03T13:35:46.465-08:00","_data":{"ai_abstract":"A mutator allele increases mutation rates and can achieve high frequencies in asexual populations. This research investigates the fixation probability of an initially rare mutator under the influence of competition with wild-type mutations, deleterious mutations, and random drift using simulations and analytical methods. The findings predict conditions favorable to mutator fixation, suggest that strong-effect mutators typically face minimal competition from wild-types, and align with laboratory evolution data, offering insights for future experimental studies.","ai_title_tag":"Fixation Probability of Rare Mutators","publication_date":"2009,,","publication_name":"Genetics"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"The Fixation Probability of Rare Mutators in Finite Asexual Populations","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [32605520]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":51950472,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “The Fixation Probability of Rare Mutators in Finite Asexual Populations”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/51950472/mini_magick20190124-11272-4rlu3c.png?1548318482" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">The Fixation Probability of Rare Mutators in Finite Asexual Populations</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32605520" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DavidKessler3"><img alt="Profile image of David S Kessler" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />David S Kessler</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2009, Genetics</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">46 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 31625249; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=31625249"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">AI-generated Abstract</p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">A mutator allele increases mutation rates and can achieve high frequencies in asexual populations. This research investigates the fixation probability of an initially rare mutator under the influence of competition with wild-type mutations, deleterious mutations, and random drift using simulations and analytical methods. The findings predict conditions favorable to mutator fixation, suggest that strong-effect mutators typically face minimal competition from wild-types, and align with laboratory evolution data, offering insights for future experimental studies.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":51950472,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/31625249/The_Fixation_Probability_of_Rare_Mutators_in_Finite_Asexual_Populations"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":51950472,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/31625249/The_Fixation_Probability_of_Rare_Mutators_in_Finite_Asexual_Populations"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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In this introduction to more detailed papers that follow, we aim to provide an oversight of the field. We review current knowledge on mutation rates and their harmful and beneficial effects on fitness and then consider theories that predict the fate of individual mutations or the consequences of mutation accumulation for quantitative traits. Many advances in the past built on models that treat the evolution of mutations at each DNA site independently, neglecting linkage of sites on chromosomes and interactions of effects between sites (epistasis). We review work that addresses these limitations, to predict how mutations interfere with each other. An understanding of the population genetics of mutations of individual loci and of traits affected by many loci helps in addressing many fundamental and applied questions: for example, how do organisms adapt to chan...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The population genetics of mutations: good, bad and indifferent","attachmentId":89951463,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/85169247/The_population_genetics_of_mutations_good_bad_and_indifferent","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/85169247/The_population_genetics_of_mutations_good_bad_and_indifferent"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="74156498" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74156498/The_Evolution_of_Mutation_Rates_Separating_Causes_From_Consequences">The Evolution of Mutation Rates: Separating Causes From Consequences</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="50566687" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PGerrish">Philip Gerrish</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Bioessays, 2000</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Summary Natural selection can adjust the rate of mutation in a population by acting on allelic variation affecting pro-cesses of DNA replication and repair. Because mutation is the ultimate source of the genetic variation required for adaptation, it can be appealing to suppose ...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Evolution of Mutation Rates: Separating Causes From Consequences","attachmentId":83654086,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74156498/The_Evolution_of_Mutation_Rates_Separating_Causes_From_Consequences","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/74156498/The_Evolution_of_Mutation_Rates_Separating_Causes_From_Consequences"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="112157684" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/112157684/Hidden_role_of_mutations_in_the_evolutionary_process">Hidden role of mutations in the evolutionary process</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32647109" href="https://unicamp.academia.edu/LouisKlaczko">Louis B . Klaczko</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Physical review, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Mutations not only alter allele frequencies in a genetic pool but may also determine the fate of an evolutionary process. Here we study which allele fixes in a one-step, one-way model including the wild type and two adaptive mutations. We study the effect of the four basic evolutionary mechanisms-genetic drift, natural selection, mutation, and gene flow-on mutant fixation and its kinetics. Determining which allele is more likely to fix is not simply a question of comparing fitnesses and mutation rates. For instance, if the allele of interest is less fit than the other, then not only must it have a greater mutation rate, but also its mutation rate must exceed a specific threshold for it to prevail. We find exact expressions for such conditions. Our conclusions are based on the mathematical description of two extreme but important regimes, as well as on simulations.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Hidden role of mutations in the evolutionary process","attachmentId":109474437,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/112157684/Hidden_role_of_mutations_in_the_evolutionary_process","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/112157684/Hidden_role_of_mutations_in_the_evolutionary_process"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="69625518" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69625518/Spontaneous_mutation_rate_is_a_plastic_trait_associated_with_population_density_across_domains_of_life">Spontaneous mutation rate is a plastic trait associated with population density across domains of life</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34370145" href="https://keele.academia.edu/AlastairChannon">Alastair Channon</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">PLOS Biology</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Rates of random, spontaneous mutation can vary plastically, dependent upon the environment. Such plasticity affects evolutionary trajectories and may be adaptive. We recently identified an inverse plastic association between mutation rate and population density at 1 locus in 1 species of bacterium. It is unknown how widespread this association is, whether it varies among organisms, and what molecular mechanisms of mutagenesis or repair are required for this mutation-rate plasticity. Here, we address all 3 questions. We identify a strong negative association between mutation rate and population density across 70 years of published literature, comprising hundreds of mutation rates estimated using phenotypic markers of mutation (fluctuation tests) from all domains of life and viruses. We test this relationship experimentally, determining that there is indeed density-associated mutation-rate plasticity (DAMP) at multiple loci in both eukaryotes and bacteria, with up to 23-fold lower mutation rates at higher population densities. We find that the degree of plasticity varies, even among closely related organisms. Nonetheless, in each domain tested, DAMP requires proteins scavenging the mutagenic oxidised nucleotide 8-oxo-dGTP. This implies that phenotypic markers give a more precise view of mutation rate than previously believed: having accounted for other known factors affecting mutation rate, controlling for population density can reduce variation in mutation-rate estimates by 93%. Widespread DAMP, which we manipulate genetically in disparate organisms, also provides a novel trait to use in the fight against the evolution of antimicrobial resistance. Such a prevalent environmental association and conserved mechanism suggest that mutation has varied plastically with population density since the early origins of life.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Spontaneous mutation rate is a plastic trait associated with population density across domains of life","attachmentId":79648704,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/69625518/Spontaneous_mutation_rate_is_a_plastic_trait_associated_with_population_density_across_domains_of_life","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/69625518/Spontaneous_mutation_rate_is_a_plastic_trait_associated_with_population_density_across_domains_of_life"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="17478895" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17478895/Diminishing_Returns_from_Mutation_Supply_Rate_in_Asexual_Populations">Diminishing Returns from Mutation Supply Rate in Asexual Populations</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="37236119" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BlanchardJeffrey">Jeffrey Blanchard</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Science, 1999</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Diminishing Returns from Mutation Supply Rate in Asexual Populations","attachmentId":39533030,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17478895/Diminishing_Returns_from_Mutation_Supply_Rate_in_Asexual_Populations","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/17478895/Diminishing_Returns_from_Mutation_Supply_Rate_in_Asexual_Populations"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="21691378" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21691378/The_Cellular_Developmental_and_Population_Genetic_Determinants_of_Mutation_Rate_Evolution">The Cellular, Developmental and Population-Genetic Determinants of Mutation-Rate Evolution</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="42859363" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ClodaghLynch">Clodagh Lynch</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Genetics, 2008</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Although the matter has been subject to considerable theoretical study, there are numerous open questions regarding the mechanisms driving the mutation rate in various phylogenetic lineages. Most notably, empirical evidence indicates that mutation rates are elevated in multicellular species relative to unicellular eukaryotes and prokaryotes, even on a per-cell division basis, despite the need for the avoidance of somatic damage and the accumulation of germline mutations. Here it is suggested that multicellularity discourages selection against weak mutator alleles for reasons associated with both the cellular and the population-genetic environments, thereby magnifying the vulnerability to somatic mutations (cancer) and increasing the risk of extinction from the accumulation of germline mutations. Moreover, contrary to common belief, a cost of fidelity need not be invoked to explain the lower bound to observed mutation rates, which instead may simply be set by the inability of selection to advance very weakly advantageous antimutator alleles in finite populations.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Cellular, Developmental and Population-Genetic Determinants of Mutation-Rate Evolution","attachmentId":42387144,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/21691378/The_Cellular_Developmental_and_Population_Genetic_Determinants_of_Mutation_Rate_Evolution","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/21691378/The_Cellular_Developmental_and_Population_Genetic_Determinants_of_Mutation_Rate_Evolution"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="74728995" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74728995/Distribution_of_fixed_beneficial_mutations_and_the_rate_of_adaptation_in_asexual_populations">Distribution of fixed beneficial mutations and the rate of adaptation in asexual populations</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="194511207" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IgorRouzine">Igor Rouzine</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">When large asexual populations adapt, competition between simultaneously segregating mutations slows the rate of adaptation and restricts the set of mutations that eventually fix. This phenomenon of interference arises from competition between mutations of different strengths as well as competition between mutations that arise on different fitness backgrounds. Previous work has explored each of these effects in isolation, but the way they combine to influence the dynamics of adaptation remains largely unknown. Here, we describe a theoretical model to treat both aspects of interference in large populations. We calculate the rate of adaptation and the distribution of fixed mutational effects accumulated by the population. We focus particular attention on the case when the effects of beneficial mutations are exponentially distributed, as well as on a more general class of exponential-like distributions. In both cases, we show that the rate of adaptation and the influence of genetic bac...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Distribution of fixed beneficial mutations and the rate of adaptation in asexual populations","attachmentId":82774193,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/74728995/Distribution_of_fixed_beneficial_mutations_and_the_rate_of_adaptation_in_asexual_populations","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/74728995/Distribution_of_fixed_beneficial_mutations_and_the_rate_of_adaptation_in_asexual_populations"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="77837070" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/77837070/Fixation_probability_of_rare_nonmutator_and_evolution_of_mutation_rates">Fixation probability of rare nonmutator and evolution of mutation rates</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="102577169" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnanthuJames">Ananthu James</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Ecology and Evolution, 2016</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Fixation probability of rare nonmutator and evolution of mutation rates","attachmentId":85091992,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77837070/Fixation_probability_of_rare_nonmutator_and_evolution_of_mutation_rates","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/77837070/Fixation_probability_of_rare_nonmutator_and_evolution_of_mutation_rates"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="21616787" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21616787/Fixation_of_Slightly_Beneficial_Mutations_Effects_of_Life_History">Fixation of Slightly Beneficial Mutations: Effects of Life History</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="42757385" href="https://independent.academia.edu/YngvildVindenes">Yngvild Vindenes</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34285144" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SteinarEngen">Steinar Engen</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Evolution, 2009</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Recent studies of rates of evolution have revealed large systematic differences among organisms with different life histories, both within and among taxa. Here, we consider how life history may affect the rate of evolution via its influence on the fixation probability of slightly beneficial mutations. Our approach is based on diffusion modeling for a finite, stage-structured population with stochastic population dynamics. The results, which are verified by computer simulations, demonstrate that even with complex population structure just two demographic parameters are sufficient to give an accurate approximation of the fixation probability of a slightly beneficial mutation. These are the reproductive value of the stage in which the mutation first occurs and the demographic variance of the population. The demographic variance also determines what influence population size has on the fixation probability. This model represents a substantial generalization of earlier models, covering a large range of life histories. K E Y W O R D S : Age structure, demographic stochasticity, fixation probability, life history evolution, population genetics, reproductive value.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Fixation of Slightly Beneficial Mutations: Effects of Life History","attachmentId":42197549,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/21616787/Fixation_of_Slightly_Beneficial_Mutations_Effects_of_Life_History","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/21616787/Fixation_of_Slightly_Beneficial_Mutations_Effects_of_Life_History"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="127216840" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/127216840/Mutation_Rates_as_Adaptations">Mutation Rates as Adaptations</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="100192794" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CarloMaley">Carlo Maley</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Theoretical Biology, 1997</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In order to better understand life, it is helpful to look beyond the envelop of life as we know it. A simple model of coevolution was implemented with the addition of a gene for the mutation rate of the individual. This allowed the mutation rate itself to evolve in a lineage. The model shows that when the individuals interact in a sort of zero-sum game, the lineages maintain relatively high mutation rates. However, when individuals engage in interactions that have greater consequences for one individual in the interaction than the other, lineages tend to evolve relatively low mutation rates. This model suggests that di erent genes may have evolved di erent mutation rates as adaptations to the varying pressures of interactions with other genes. Lewontin suggested that when we think about what life could be, rather than what we see before us, there are two dimensions that might be considered: mortality and heredity. 27] The life with which we are most familiar is mortal and reproduces with high delity. But why not mortal organisms that pass on little information to their o spring? For that matter, why not immortal organisms with varying degrees of hereditary transmission of information? This paper is an attempt to address one aspect of these questions, the evolution of mutation rates. Neither mortality nor heredity need be dichotomous qualities. Mortality might range over varying degrees of longevity. Heredity can be addressed This work was supported in part by the generosity of the MIT AI Lab. I am greatful to R. Brooks, H. Westerho , M. Donoghue, P. Goss, K. Rice and L. King for their comments and support. M. Maley deserves special recognition for his time and e orts to untangle the mysteries of this model. I could not have completed the project without him.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Mutation Rates as Adaptations","attachmentId":120983209,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/127216840/Mutation_Rates_as_Adaptations","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/127216840/Mutation_Rates_as_Adaptations"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":51950472,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":51950472,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_51950472" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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Nagar</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Evolution, 2012</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Fixation of Mutators in Asexual Populations: The Role of Genetic Drift and Epistasis","attachmentId":93930829,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90341127/Fixation_of_Mutators_in_Asexual_Populations_The_Role_of_Genetic_Drift_and_Epistasis","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/90341127/Fixation_of_Mutators_in_Asexual_Populations_The_Role_of_Genetic_Drift_and_Epistasis"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View 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