CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Borjigin - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"3cfe8548-c625-4908-ac9c-8416a1eadfc6","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Borjigin","wgTitle":"Borjigin","wgCurRevisionId":1259053952,"wgRevisionId":1259053952,"wgArticleId":1105940,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles containing Mongolian-language text","Pages with Mongolian IPA","Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text","Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text","Articles containing Russian-language text","CS1 errors: missing periodical","CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases", "Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from August 2024","Articles containing Arabic-language text","Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from August 2016","Articles containing Chinese-language text","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Borjigin","900 establishments","Mongolian nobility","Mongol Empire people","Emperors of the Yuan dynasty","Mongol Empire","Yuan dynasty","Ethnic groups in Mongolia","Individual Chinese surnames","Plain Yellow Banner"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Borjigin","wgRelevantArticleId":1105940,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode" :"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1059073","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready", "skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints", "ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Mongol_Empire_c.1207.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="785"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Mongol_Empire_c.1207.png/800px-Mongol_Empire_c.1207.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="523"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Mongol_Empire_c.1207.png/640px-Mongol_Empire_c.1207.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="419"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Borjigin - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borjigin"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borjigin"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Borjigin rootpage-Borjigin skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Borjigin" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Borjigin" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Borjigin" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Borjigin" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Origin_and_name" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origin_and_name"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Origin and name</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origin_and_name-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Post-Mongol_Empire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Mongol_Empire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Post-Mongol Empire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-Mongol_Empire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_relevance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_relevance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Modern relevance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_relevance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yuan_dynasty_family_tree" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yuan_dynasty_family_tree"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Yuan dynasty family tree</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yuan_dynasty_family_tree-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Borjigin</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bordjigin" title="Bordjigin – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Bordjigin" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B6r%C3%A7igin" title="Börçigin – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Börçigin" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Барджыгін – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Барджыгін" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Барджыгіны – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Барджыгіны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bord%C5%BEiginov%C3%A9" title="Bordžiginové – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bordžiginové" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C5%A1ingisiidid" title="Tšingisiidid – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tšingisiidid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borjigin" title="Borjigin – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Borjigin" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bor%C4%9Digin" title="Borĝigin – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Borĝigin" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC%DB%8C%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بورجیگین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بورجیگین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bordjiguines" title="Bordjiguines – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bordjiguines" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%EB%A5%B4%EC%A7%80%EA%B8%B4" title="보르지긴 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="보르지긴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borjigin" title="Borjigin – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Borjigin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borjigin" title="Borjigin – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Borjigin" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bord%C5%BEiginu_dinastija" title="Bordžiginu dinastija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bordžiginu dinastija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Боржигин – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Боржигин" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borjigin" title="Borjigin – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Borjigin" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9C%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B8%E3%82%AE%E3%83%B3%E6%B0%8F" title="ボルジギン氏 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ボルジギン氏" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borjigin" title="Borjigin – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Borjigin" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بورجگین – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بورجگین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borjiguim" title="Borjiguim – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Borjiguim" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%C4%B1yat_B%C3%B6r%C3%BC_Teginler" title="Qıyat Börü Teginler – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Qıyat Börü Teginler" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Борджигин – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Борджигин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bord%C5%BEigini" title="Bordžigini – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bordžigini" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borjiginerna" title="Borjiginerna – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Borjiginerna" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="போர்சிசின் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="போர்சிசின்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B6r%C3%A7igin" title="Börçigin – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Börçigin" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Борджигін – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Борджигін" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بورجگین – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بورجگین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BB%99t_Nhi_Ch%E1%BB%89_C%C3%A2n" title="Bột Nhi Chỉ Cân – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bột Nhi Chỉ Cân" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%9B%E5%84%BF%E5%8F%AA%E6%96%A4%E6%B0%8F" title="孛儿只斤氏 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="孛儿只斤氏" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1059073#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Borjigin" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Borjigin" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Borjigin"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Borjigin"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Borjigin" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Borjigin" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&oldid=1259053952" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Borjigin&id=1259053952&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBorjigin"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBorjigin"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Borjigin&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Borjigin" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1059073" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Imperial clan of Genghis Khan and his successors</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Borjigit" redirects here. For the empresses of this surname, see <a href="/wiki/Empress_Borjigit_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Empress Borjigit (disambiguation)">Empress Borjigit</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Altan urag" redirects here. For the folk rock band, see <a href="/wiki/Altan_Urag" title="Altan Urag">Altan Urag</a>. For the notion of having Genghis Khan as an ancestor, see <a href="/wiki/Descent_from_Genghis_Khan" title="Descent from Genghis Khan">Descent from Genghis Khan</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Borjigin<br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237794275">.mw-parser-output .font-mong{font-family:"Menk Hawang Tig","Menk Qagan Tig","Menk Garqag Tig","Menk Har_a Tig","Menk Scnin Tig","Oyun Gurban Ulus Tig","Oyun Qagan Tig","Oyun Garqag Tig","Oyun Har_a Tig","Oyun Scnin Tig","Oyun Agula Tig","Mongolian Baiti","Noto Sans Mongolian","Mongolian Universal White","Mongol Usug","Mongolian White","MongolianScript","Code2000","Menksoft Qagan"}.mw-parser-output .font-mong-mnc,.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(mnc-Mong),.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(dta-Mong),.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(sjo-Mong){font-family:"Abkai Xanyan","Abkai Xanyan LA","Abkai Xanyan VT","Abkai Xanyan XX","Abkai Xanyan SC","Abkai Buleku","Daicing White","Mongolian Baiti","Noto Sans Mongolian","Mongolian Universal White"}</style><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ</span><br /><span title="Mongolian-language text"><span lang="mn-Cyrl">Боржигин</span></span></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Yuan_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Yuan dynasty">Northern Yuan dynasty</a>, Mongolia, China (<a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Khamag_Mongol" title="Khamag Mongol">Khamag Mongol</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 900 AD</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bodonchar_Munkhag" title="Bodonchar Munkhag">Bodonchar Munkhag</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Final ruler</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eahin_Giray" title="Şahin Giray">Şahin Giray</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (in Europe)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maqsud_Shah" title="Maqsud Shah">Maqsud Shah</a> (in Asia)</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Titles</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Khagan" title="Khagan">Khagan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khan_(title)" title="Khan (title)">Khan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilkhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilkhan">Ilkhan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Noyan" title="Noyan">Noyan</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Bulgarian_monarchs" title="List of Bulgarian monarchs">Tsar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Estate(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Mongolia, Russia, Central Asia, Iran and China</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deposition</th><td class="infobox-data">1930</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cadet branches</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Golden_Horde" title="Golden Horde">Jochids</a> (<a href="/wiki/Girays" class="mw-redirect" title="Girays">Girays</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shaybanids" title="Shaybanids">Shaybanids</a>, <a href="/wiki/T%C3%B6re_(dynasty)" title="Töre (dynasty)">Tore</a>), <a href="/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" title="Yuan dynasty">Yuan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilkhanate#House_of_Hulagu_(1256–1335;_Ilkhanate_Mongol_kings" title="Ilkhanate">House of Hulagu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chagatai_Khanate" title="Chagatai Khanate">House of Chagatai</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mongol_Empire_c.1207.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Mongol_Empire_c.1207.png/220px-Mongol_Empire_c.1207.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Mongol_Empire_c.1207.png/330px-Mongol_Empire_c.1207.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Mongol_Empire_c.1207.png/440px-Mongol_Empire_c.1207.png 2x" data-file-width="813" data-file-height="532" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1207</span></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>Borjigin</b><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Mongols" title="Mongols">Mongol</a> sub-clan that started with <a href="/wiki/Bodonchar_Munkhag" title="Bodonchar Munkhag">Bodonchar Munkhag</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the <b>Kiyat</b> <a href="/wiki/Clan" title="Clan">clan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Yesugei" title="Yesugei">Yesugei's</a> descendants were thus said to be Kiyat-Borjigin.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The senior Borjigids provided ruling princes for <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a> until the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Humphrey,_p._27_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Humphrey,_p._27-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The clan formed the <a href="/wiki/Ruling_class" title="Ruling class">ruling class</a> among the <a href="/wiki/Mongols" title="Mongols">Mongols</a> and some other peoples of <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">Eastern Europe</a>. Today, the Borjigid are found in most of Mongolia, Inner Mongolia and <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Humphrey,_p._27_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Humphrey,_p._27-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and genetic research has shown that <a href="/wiki/Descent_from_Genghis_Khan" title="Descent from Genghis Khan">descent from Genghis Khan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Timur" title="Timur">Timur</a> is common throughout Central Asia and other regions.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (August 2024)">according to whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origin_and_name">Origin and name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origin and name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Genghis_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Family tree of Genghis Khan">Family tree of Genghis Khan</a></div> <p>The patrilineage began with Blue-grey <a href="/wiki/Wolf" title="Wolf">Wolf</a> (Börte Chino) and Fallow <a href="/wiki/Deer" title="Deer">Doe</a> (Gua Maral). According to <i><a href="/wiki/The_Secret_History_of_the_Mongols" class="mw-redirect" title="The Secret History of the Mongols">The Secret History of the Mongols</a></i>, their 11th generation descendant Dobu Mergen's widow <a href="/wiki/Alan_Gua" title="Alan Gua">Alan Gua</a> the Fair was impregnated by a ray of light.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her youngest son became the ancestor of the later Borjigid.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was <a href="/wiki/Bodonchar_Munkhag" title="Bodonchar Munkhag">Bodonchar Munkhag</a>, who along with his brothers sired the entire Mongol nation.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Rashid-al-Din_Hamadani" class="mw-redirect" title="Rashid-al-Din Hamadani">Rashid-al-Din Hamadani</a>, many of the older Mongolian clans were founded by members of the Borjigin—<a href="/wiki/Barlas" title="Barlas">Barlas</a>, Urud, <a href="/wiki/Manghud" title="Manghud">Manghud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taichiut" class="mw-redirect" title="Taichiut">Taichiut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chonos_tribe" title="Chonos tribe">Chonos</a>, Kiyat, etc. The first Khan of the Mongol was Bodonchar Munkhag's great-great-grandson <a href="/wiki/Khaidu_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Khaidu Khan">Khaidu Khan</a>. Khaidu's grandsons <a href="/wiki/Khabul_Khan" title="Khabul Khan">Khabul Khan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ambaghai" title="Ambaghai">Ambaghai</a> Khan (founder of the <a href="/wiki/Taichiut" class="mw-redirect" title="Taichiut">Taichiut</a> clan) succeeded him. Thereafter, Khabul's sons, <a href="/wiki/Qutula" class="mw-redirect" title="Qutula">Hotula</a> Khan and <a href="/wiki/Yesugei" title="Yesugei">Yesugei</a>, and Khabul's grandson <a href="/wiki/Temujin" class="mw-redirect" title="Temujin">Temujin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Genghis_Khan" title="Genghis Khan">Genghis Khan</a>, son of Yesugei) ruled the <a href="/wiki/Khamag_Mongol" title="Khamag Mongol">Khamag Mongol</a>. By the unification of the Mongols in 1206, virtually all of Temujin's uncles and first cousins had died, and from then on only the descendants of Yesugei Baghatur, his brother Daritai, and nephew Onggur formed the Borjigid. </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Paul_Pelliot" title="Paul Pelliot">Paul Pelliot</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Hambis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Hambis (page does not exist)">Louis Hambis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rashid_al-Din_Hamadani" title="Rashid al-Din Hamadani">Rashid al-Din Hamadani</a> once explained that "<i>borčïqïn</i>" designated in the Turkic languages a man with dark-blue eyes (<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%87%D9%84" class="extiw" title="wikt:اشهل">اشهل</a></span></span>, <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">ašhal</i></span>), and did so again without mentioning the said language, adding that Yesugei's children and the majority of their own children had had such eyes per coincidence, also recalling that the genie which had impregnated <a href="/wiki/Alan_Gua" title="Alan Gua">Alan Gua</a> after her husband's death had had dark-blue eyes ("<i>ašhal čašm</i>").<sup id="cite_ref-Histoire_des_campagnes_de_Gengis_Khan,_p._118_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Histoire_des_campagnes_de_Gengis_Khan,_p._118-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Abu_al-Ghazi_Bahadur" title="Abu al-Ghazi Bahadur">Abu al-Ghazi Bahadur</a> later paraphrased Hamadani by relating that Yesugei's eyes were dark-blue ("<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%87%D9%84%D8%A7" class="extiw" title="wikt:شهلا">شهلا</a> <i>šahlā</i>"), that the Mongols ("<i>Moɣol</i>") called such eyes "<i>borǰïɣïn</i>" (بورجغن<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), that his sons and most of their descendants had dark-blue eyes ("<i>ašhal</i>"), and that one recognized thus in Yesugei's lineage the characteristic sign of the genie which had visited Alan Gua and had "<i>borǰïɣïn</i>" eyes, adding that the Arabs called "<i>ašhal</i>" a man whose iris ("<i>bübäčik</i>") was black, cornea white ("<i>aq</i>"), and whose limbal ring was red.<sup id="cite_ref-Histoire_des_campagnes_de_Gengis_Khan,_p._119_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Histoire_des_campagnes_de_Gengis_Khan,_p._119-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Appanage" title="Appanage">Appanage</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mongol_dominions1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Mongol_dominions1.jpg/250px-Mongol_dominions1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Mongol_dominions1.jpg/375px-Mongol_dominions1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Mongol_dominions1.jpg/500px-Mongol_dominions1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="938" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a> and its vassals, ca. 1300. The gray area is the later <a href="/wiki/Timurid_empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Timurid empire">Timurid empire</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Borjigin family ruled over the <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a> from the 13th to 14th century. The rise of Genghis Khan narrowed the scope of the Borjigid-Kiyad clans sharply.<sup id="cite_ref-Atwood,_p._45_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atwood,_p._45-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This separation was emphasized by the intermarriage of Genghis's descendants with the Baarin, <a href="/wiki/Manghud" title="Manghud">Manghud</a> and other branches of the original Borjigid. In the western regions of the Empire, the Jurkin and perhaps other lineages near to Genghis's lineage used the clan name Kiyad but did not share in the privileges of the Genghisids. The Borjigit clan had once dominated large lands stretching from <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a> to <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> and from <a href="/wiki/Indo-China" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-China">Indo-China</a> to <a href="/wiki/Novgorod" class="mw-redirect" title="Novgorod">Novgorod</a>. In 1335, with the disintegration of the <a href="/wiki/Ilkhanate" title="Ilkhanate">Ilkhanate</a> in <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, the first of numerous non-Borjigid-Kiyad dynasties appeared. Established by marriage partners of Genghisids, these included the <a href="/wiki/Chupanids" class="mw-redirect" title="Chupanids">Suldus Chupanids</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jalayirids" class="mw-redirect" title="Jalayirids">Jalayirids</a> in the Middle East, the <a href="/wiki/Timurids" class="mw-redirect" title="Timurids">Barulas dynasties</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chagatai_Khanate" title="Chagatai Khanate">Chagatai Khanate</a> and India, the Manghud and <a href="/wiki/Onggirat" class="mw-redirect" title="Onggirat">Onggirat</a> dynasties in the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Horde" title="Golden Horde">Golden Horde</a> and Central Asia, and the <a href="/wiki/Oirats" title="Oirats">Oirats</a> in western Mongolia. </p><p>In 1368, during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Toghun_Tem%C3%BCr" class="mw-redirect" title="Toghun Temür">Toghun Temür</a> (Emperor Huizong of Yuan), the <a href="/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" title="Yuan dynasty">Yuan dynasty</a> was overthrown by the <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a> but members of the family continued to rule over northern China and the Mongolian Plateau into the 17th century, known as the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Yuan_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Yuan dynasty">Northern Yuan dynasty</a>. Descendants of Genghis Khan's brothers, <a href="/wiki/Hasar" class="mw-redirect" title="Hasar">Hasar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Belgutei" title="Belgutei">Belgutei</a>, surrendered to the Ming in the 1380s. By 1470 the Borjigin lines were severely weakened, and the Mongolian Plateau was almost in chaos. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-Mongol_Empire">Post-Mongol Empire</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Post-Mongol Empire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Descent_from_Genghis_Khan" title="Descent from Genghis Khan">Descent from Genghis Khan</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mongolia_1500_AD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Mongolia_1500_AD.jpg/300px-Mongolia_1500_AD.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Mongolia_1500_AD.jpg/450px-Mongolia_1500_AD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Mongolia_1500_AD.jpg/600px-Mongolia_1500_AD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="860" data-file-height="469" /></a><figcaption>The Tumens of Mongolia proper and vassal states of the Mongol Empire by 1400</figcaption></figure> <p>After the breakup of the Golden Horde, the Khiyat continued to rule the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean Peninsula">Crimea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kazan" title="Kazan">Kazan</a> until the late 18th century. They were annexed by the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> and the Chinese. In Mongolia, the Kublaids reigned as <a href="/wiki/Khagan" title="Khagan">Khagan</a> of the Mongols, however, descendants of <a href="/wiki/%C3%96gedei" class="mw-redirect" title="Ögedei">Ögedei</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ariq_B%C3%B6ke" title="Ariq Böke">Ariq Böke</a> usurped the throne briefly. </p><p>Under <a href="/wiki/Dayan_Khan" title="Dayan Khan">Dayan Khan</a> (1480–1517) a broad Borjigid revival reestablished Borjigid supremacy among the Mongols proper. His descendants proliferated to become a new ruling class. The Borjigin clan was the strongest of the 49 Mongol <a href="/wiki/Banners_of_Inner_Mongolia" title="Banners of Inner Mongolia">banners</a> from which the Bontoi clan proper supported and fought for their Khan and for their honor. The eastern <a href="/wiki/Khorchin" class="mw-redirect" title="Khorchin">Khorchins</a> were under the Hasarids, and the Ongnigud, Abagha Mongols were under the Belguteids and <a href="/wiki/Tem%C3%BCge_Odchigen" class="mw-redirect" title="Temüge Odchigen">Temüge Odchigenids</a>. A fragment of the Hasarids deported to Western Mongolia became the <a href="/wiki/Khoshut" title="Khoshut">Khoshuts</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a> respected the Borjigin family and the early emperors married the Hasarid Borjigids of the Khorchin. Even among the pro-Qing Mongols, traces of the alternative tradition survived. Aci Lomi, a banner general, wrote his <i>History of the Borjigid Clan</i> in 1732–35.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 18th century and 19th century Qing nobility was adorned by the descendants of the early Mongol adherents including the Borjigin.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Asian dynasties descended from Genghis Khan included the <a href="/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" title="Yuan dynasty">Yuan dynasty</a> of China, the <a href="/wiki/Ilkhanid" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilkhanid">Ilkhanids</a> of <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Jochids" class="mw-redirect" title="Jochids">Jochids</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Horde" title="Golden Horde">Golden Horde</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Shaybanids" title="Shaybanids">Shaybanids</a> of <a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a> and Central Asia, and the <a href="/wiki/Khanate_of_Astrakhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Khanate of Astrakhan">Astrakhanids</a> of Central Asia. As a rule, the Genghisid descent played a crucial role in <a href="/wiki/Tatar" class="mw-redirect" title="Tatar">Tatar</a> politics. For instance, <a href="/wiki/Mamai" title="Mamai">Mamai</a> had to exercise his authority through a succession of puppet khans but could not assume the title of <a href="/wiki/Khan_(title)" title="Khan (title)">khan</a> himself because he lacked Genghisid lineage. </p><p>The word "Chingisid" derives from the name of the Mongol conqueror <a href="/wiki/Genghis_Khan" title="Genghis Khan">Genghis (Chingis) Khan</a> (c. 1162–1227 CE). Genghis and his successors created a vast empire stretching from the <a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Japan" title="Sea of Japan">Sea of Japan</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a>. </p> <ul><li>The <i>Chingisid principle</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or golden lineage, was the rule of inheritance laid down in the (<a href="/wiki/Yassa" title="Yassa">Yassa</a>), the legal code attributed to Genghis Khan.</li> <li>A <i>Chingisid prince</i> was one who could trace direct <a href="/wiki/Descent_from_Genghis_Khan" title="Descent from Genghis Khan">descent from Genghis Khan</a> in the male line, and who could therefore claim high respect in the Mongol, <a href="/wiki/Turkic_peoples" title="Turkic peoples">Turkic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asiatic</a> world.</li> <li>The <i>Chingisid states</i> were the successor states or <a href="/wiki/Khanate" title="Khanate">Khanates</a> after the Mongol empire broke up following the death of the Genghis Khan's sons and their <a href="/wiki/List_of_Mongol_Khans" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Mongol Khans">successors</a>.</li> <li>The term <i>Chingisid people</i> was used<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (August 2016)">by whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> to describe the people of Genghis Khan's armies who came in contact with Europeans. It applied primarily the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Horde" title="Golden Horde">Golden Horde</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Batu_Khan" title="Batu Khan">Batu Khan</a>, a grandson of Genghis. Members of the Horde were predominantly <a href="/wiki/Kipchaks" title="Kipchaks">Kıpchak</a>— <a href="/wiki/Turkic_languages" title="Turkic languages">Turkic</a>-speaking people rather than Mongols. (Although the aristocracy was largely Mongol, Mongols were never more than a small minority in the armies and the lands they conquered.) Europeans often (incorrectly) called the people of the Golden Horde "<a href="/wiki/Tartars" class="mw-redirect" title="Tartars">Tartars</a>".</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Babur" title="Babur">Babur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Humayun" title="Humayun">Humayun</a>, founders of the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a> in India, asserted their authority as Chinggisids. Because they claimed descent through their maternal lineage, they had never used the clan name Borjigin. </p><p>The Genghisids also include such dynasties and houses as <a href="/wiki/Giray_dynasty" title="Giray dynasty">Giray</a>, <a href="/wiki/House_of_Siberia" title="House of Siberia">House of Siberia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ar_begs" title="Ar begs">Ar begs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yaushev_family" title="Yaushev family">Yaushev family</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and other. </p><p>The last ruling monarch of Genghisid ancestry, <a href="/wiki/Maqsud_Shah" title="Maqsud Shah">Maqsud Shah</a> (d. 1930), <a href="/wiki/Kumul_Khanate" title="Kumul Khanate">Khan of Kumul</a> from 1908 to 1930. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_relevance">Modern relevance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Modern relevance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Borjigin held power over Mongolia for many centuries (even during <a href="/wiki/Mongolia_during_Qing_rule" class="mw-redirect" title="Mongolia during Qing rule">Qing period</a>) and only lost power when <a href="/wiki/Communists" class="mw-redirect" title="Communists">Communists</a> took control in the 20th century. Aristocratic descent was something to be forgotten in the <a href="/wiki/Socialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist">socialist</a> period.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a>'s associates executed some 30,000 Mongols including Borjigin nobles in a series of campaigns against their culture and religion.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Clan association has lost its practical relevance in the 20th century, but is still considered a matter of honour and pride by many <a href="/wiki/Mongols" title="Mongols">Mongolians</a>. In 1920s the communist regime banned the use of clan names. When the ban was lifted again in 1997, and people were told they had to have surnames, most families had lost knowledge about their clan association. Because of that, a disproportionate number of families registered the most prestigious clan name Borjigin, many of them without historic justification.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The label Borjigin is used as a measure of cultural supremacy.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a>, the Borjigid or Kiyad name became the basis for many Chinese surnames adopted by <a href="/wiki/Mongols_in_China" title="Mongols in China">ethnic Inner Mongols</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Atwood,_p._45_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atwood,_p._45-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Inner Mongolian Borjigin Taijis took the surname <a href="/wiki/Bao_(surname)" title="Bao (surname)">Bao</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">鲍</span></span>, from Borjigid) and in <a href="/wiki/Ordos_Loop" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordos Loop">Ordos</a> <a href="/wiki/Qi_(surname)" title="Qi (surname)">Qi</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">奇</span></span>, Qiyat). A <a href="/wiki/Genetic_research" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic research">genetic research</a> has proposed that as many as 16 million men from populations as far apart as <a href="/wiki/Hazaras" title="Hazaras">Hazaras</a> in the West and <a href="/wiki/Hezhe_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Hezhe people">Hezhe people</a> to the east may have Borjigid-Kiyad ancestry.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Qiyat clan name is still found among the <a href="/wiki/Kazakhs" title="Kazakhs">Kazakhs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uzbeks" title="Uzbeks">Uzbeks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nogais" title="Nogais">Nogai</a> <a href="/wiki/Karakalpaks" title="Karakalpaks">Karakalpaks</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Yuan_dynasty_family_tree">Yuan dynasty family tree</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Yuan dynasty family tree"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Chinese_emperors_family_tree_(late)#Yuan_dynasty_and_Northern_Yuan" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese emperors family tree (late)">Yuan and Northern Yuan dynasties emperor's family tree</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Genghis_Khan" title="Genghis Khan">Genghis Khan</a> founded the <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a> in 1206. His grandson, <a href="/wiki/Kublai_Khan" title="Kublai Khan">Kublai Khan</a>, after defeating his younger brother and rival claimant to the throne <a href="/wiki/Ariq_B%C3%B6ke" title="Ariq Böke">Ariq Böke</a>, founded the <a href="/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" title="Yuan dynasty">Yuan dynasty</a> of China in 1271. The dynasty was overthrown by the <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a> during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Toghon_Tem%C3%BCr" title="Toghon Temür">Toghon Temür</a> in 1368, but it survived in the <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Plateau" title="Mongolian Plateau">Mongolian Plateau</a>, known as the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Yuan_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Yuan dynasty">Northern Yuan dynasty</a>. Although the throne was usurped by <a href="/wiki/Esen_Taishi" title="Esen Taishi">Esen Taishi</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Oirats" title="Oirats">Oirats</a> in 1453, he was overthrown in the next year. A recovery of the khaganate was achieved by <a href="/wiki/Dayan_Khan" title="Dayan Khan">Dayan Khan</a>, but the territory was segmented by his descendants. The last <a href="/wiki/Khan_(title)" title="Khan (title)">khan</a> <a href="/wiki/Ligden_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ligden Khan">Ligden</a> died in 1634 and his son <a href="/wiki/Ejei_Khan" title="Ejei Khan">Ejei Khongor</a> submitted himself to <a href="/wiki/Hong_Taiji" title="Hong Taiji">Hong Taiji</a> the next year, ending the Northern Yuan regime.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the Borjigin nobles continued to rule their subjects until the 20th century under the <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yuan_genealogy.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Yuan_genealogy.png/820px-Yuan_genealogy.png" decoding="async" width="820" height="615" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Yuan_genealogy.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span> </p><p>Or in a different version (years of reign over the Northern Yuan dynasty [up to 1388] are given in brackets). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Borjigin" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Borjigin">Borjigin</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Genghis_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Family tree of Genghis Khan">Family tree of Genghis Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Mongolia" title="History of Mongolia">History of Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_name" title="Mongolian name">Mongolian name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_medieval_Mongolian_tribes_and_clans" class="mw-redirect" title="List of medieval Mongolian tribes and clans">List of medieval Mongolian tribes and clans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turco-Mongol" class="mw-redirect" title="Turco-Mongol">Turco-Mongol</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A Middle Mongolian plural-suffix <i>-t</i> has been written about by Éva Csáki in <i>Middle Mongolian Loan Words in Volga Kipchak Languages</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ɔːr/: 'ar' in 'war'">ɔːr</span><span title="/dʒ/: 'j' in 'jam'">dʒ</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_language" title="Mongolian language">Mongolian</a>: <span lang="mn">Боржигин</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Mongolian" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Mongolian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Mongolian-language romanization"><i lang="mn-Latn">Borzhigin</i></span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ</span> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="mn-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mongolian" title="Help:IPA/Mongolian">[ˈpɔrt͡ɕɘkɘŋ]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">simplified Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">孛儿只斤</span>; <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">traditional Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">孛兒只斤</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Bó'érjìjǐn</span></i>; <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Борджигин</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Bordžigin</i></span>; English plural: <b>Borjigins</b> or <b>Borjigid</b> (from <a href="/wiki/Middle_Mongolian" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle Mongolian">Middle Mongolian</a>);<sup id="cite_ref-Histoire_des_campagnes_de_Gengis_Khan,_p._119_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Histoire_des_campagnes_de_Gengis_Khan,_p._119-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Manchu_language" title="Manchu language">Manchu</a> plural<sup>?</sup>: <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Borjigit_1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Borjigit_1.png/24px-Borjigit_1.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Borjigit_1.png/36px-Borjigit_1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Borjigit_1.png/48px-Borjigit_1.png 2x" data-file-width="59" data-file-height="108" /></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <i><a href="/wiki/The_Secret_History_of_the_Mongols" class="mw-redirect" title="The Secret History of the Mongols">Secret History of the Mongols</a></i> traces it back to Yesugei's ancestor <a href="/wiki/Bodonchar_Munkhag" title="Bodonchar Munkhag">Bodonchar</a><sup id="cite_ref-Histoire_des_campagnes_de_Gengis_Khan,_p._118_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Histoire_des_campagnes_de_Gengis_Khan,_p._118-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wada_Sei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wada Sei (page does not exist)">Wada Sei</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E7%94%B0%E6%B8%85" class="extiw" title="ja:和田清">ja</a>]</span> did pioneer work on this field, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Honda_Minobu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Honda Minobu (page does not exist)">Honda Minobu</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Okada_Hidehiro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Okada Hidehiro (page does not exist)">Okada Hidehiro</a> modified it, using newly discovered Persian (Timurid) records and Mongol chronicles.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i>. William Benton. 1973. p. 726.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.pages=726&rft.pub=William+Benton&rft.date=1973&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorjigin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Histoire_des_campagnes_de_Gengis_Khan,_p._119-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Histoire_des_campagnes_de_Gengis_Khan,_p._119_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Histoire_des_campagnes_de_Gengis_Khan,_p._119_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Histoire des campagnes de Gengis Khan</i>, p. 119.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Li, p. 97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Histoire_des_campagnes_de_Gengis_Khan,_p._118-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Histoire_des_campagnes_de_Gengis_Khan,_p._118_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Histoire_des_campagnes_de_Gengis_Khan,_p._118_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Histoire des campagnes de Gengis Khan</i>, p. 118.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Histoire des campagnes de Gengis Khan</i>, pp. 118, 123.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Histoire des campagnes de Gengis Khan</i>, pp. 122–123.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Humphrey,_p._27-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Humphrey,_p._27_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Humphrey,_p._27_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Humphrey & Sneath, p. 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Secret History of the Mongols</i>, chapter 1, §§ 17, 21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Franke, Twitchett & Fairbank, p. 330.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kahn, p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Wy5lCWdQ5noC&pg=PT41">"Abulghasi Bahadür Chani Historia Mongolorum et Tatarorum nunc primum tatarice edita auctoritate et munificentia illustrissimi comitis Nicolai de Romanzoff"</a>. 1825.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Abulghasi+Bahad%C3%BCr+Chani+Historia+Mongolorum+et+Tatarorum+nunc+primum+tatarice+edita+auctoritate+et+munificentia+illustrissimi+comitis+Nicolai+de+Romanzoff&rft.date=1825&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWy5lCWdQ5noC%26pg%3DPT41&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorjigin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Atwood,_p._45-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Atwood,_p._45_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Atwood,_p._45_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Atwood, p. 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Perdue, p. 487.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Crossley, p. 213.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Halperin, chapter VIII.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFСабитов_Ж._М.2011" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Сабитов Ж. М. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proza.ru/2012/03/20/1073">"Башкирские ханы Бачман и Тура"</a> (in Russian) (Сибирский сборник. Выпуск 1. Казань ed.): 63–69.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%B8+%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0&rft.pages=63-69&rft.date=2011&rft.au=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%96.+%D0%9C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proza.ru%2F2012%2F03%2F20%2F1073&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorjigin" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Humphrey & Sneath, p. 28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Weatherford, p. xv.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"In Search of Sacred Names".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Magnier.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pegg, p. 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The Genetic Legacy of the Mongols", pp. 717-721.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Heirman & Bumbacher, p. 395.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sneath, p. 21.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em"> <ul><li>Atwood, C. P. <i>Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire</i>.</li> <li>Crossley, Pamela Kyle. <i>A Translucent Mirror</i>.</li> <li>Franke, Herbert; Twitchett, Denis; Fairbank, John King. <i>The Cambridge History of China: Alien Regimes and Border States, 907-1368</i>.</li> <li>"The Genetic Legacy of the Mongols". <i>American Journal of Human Genetics</i>, 72.</li> <li>Halperin, Charles J. (1985). <i>Russia and the Golden Horde: The Mongol Impact on Medieval Russian History</i>. Indiana University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-253-20445-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-253-20445-3">0-253-20445-3</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-253-20445-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-253-20445-5">978-0-253-20445-5</a>.</li> <li>Heirman, Ann; Bumbacher, Stephan Peter. <i>The Spread of Buddhism</i>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0ScVAAAAIAAJ"><i>Histoire des campagnes de Gengis Khan</i></a> (in French). E. J. Brill.</li> <li>Humphrey, Caroline; Sneath, David. <i>The End of Nomadism?</i>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070607003052/http://www.mongoliatoday.com/issue/5/names.html">"In Search of Sacred Names"</a>, <i>Mongolia Today</i>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mongoliatoday.com/issue/5/names.html">the original</a> on 2007-06-07</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mongolia+Today&rft.atitle=In+Search+of+Sacred+Names&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mongoliatoday.com%2Fissue%2F5%2Fnames.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorjigin" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li>Kahn, Paul. <i>The Secret History of the Mongols</i>.</li> <li>Li, Gertraude Roth. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1bArr1-E5mQC"><i>Manchu: A Textbook for Reading Documents</i></a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMagnier2004" class="citation news cs1">Magnier, Mark (October 23, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2004-oct-23-fg-names23-story.html">"Identity Issues in Mongolia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Identity+Issues+in+Mongolia&rft.date=2004-10-23&rft.aulast=Magnier&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-2004-oct-23-fg-names23-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorjigin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Pegg, Carole. <i>Mongolian Music, Dance & Oral Narrative</i>.</li> <li>Perdue, Peter C. <i>China Marches West</i>.</li> <li>Sneath, David. <i>Changing Inner Mongolia: Pastoral Mongolian Society and the Chinese State</i>.</li> <li>Weatherford, Jack. <i>Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World</i>. Three Rivers Press.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Wada Sei 和田清. <i>Tōashi Kenkyū (Mōko Hen)</i> 東亜史研究 (蒙古編). Tokyo, 1959.</li> <li>Honda Minobu 本田實信. <i>On the genealogy of the early Northern Yüan</i>, Ural-Altaische Jahrbücher, XXX-314, 1958.</li> <li>Okada Hidehiro 岡田英弘. <i>Dayan Hagan no nendai</i> ダヤン・ハガンの年代. Tōyō Gakuhō, Vol. 48, No. 3 pp. 1–26 and No. 4 pp. 40–61, 1965.</li> <li>Okada Hidehiro 岡田英弘. <i>Dayan Hagan no sensei</i> ダヤン・ハガンの先世. Shigaku Zasshi. Vol. 75, No. 5, pp. 1–38, 1966.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mongol_Empire" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mongol_Empire" title="Template:Mongol Empire"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mongol_Empire" title="Template talk:Mongol Empire"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mongol_Empire" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mongol Empire"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mongol_Empire" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Terminology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Terminology</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_nobility" title="Mongolian nobility">Titles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khagan" title="Khagan">Khagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_(title)" title="Khan (title)">Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khatun" title="Khatun">Khatun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanum" title="Khanum">Khanum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinong" title="Jinong">Jinong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khong_Tayiji" title="Khong Tayiji">Khong Tayiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noyan" title="Noyan">Noyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarkhan" title="Tarkhan">Tarkhan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Political</li><li>Military</li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jarlig" title="Jarlig">Jarlig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yam_(route)" title="Yam (route)">Örtöö</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orda_(organization)" title="Orda (organization)">Orda</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pax_Mongolica" title="Pax Mongolica">Pax Mongolica</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yassa" title="Yassa">Yassa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurultai" title="Kurultai">Kurultai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paiza" title="Paiza">Paiza / Gerege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manghud" title="Manghud">Manghit / Mangudai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumen_(unit)" title="Tumen (unit)">Tümen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kheshig" title="Kheshig">Kheshig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darughachi" title="Darughachi">Darughachi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="PoliticsOrganizationLife" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Politics</li><li>Organization</li><li>Life</li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_divisions_and_vassals_of_the_Mongol_Empire" title="Political divisions and vassals of the Mongol Empire">Administrative divisions and vassals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tug_(banner)" title="Tug (banner)">Banner/Bunchuk/Tug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_and_conquests" title="Mongol invasions and conquests">Invasions and conquests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destruction_under_the_Mongol_Empire" title="Destruction under the Mongol Empire">Destructiveness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Seal_of_the_Mongols" title="Imperial Seal of the Mongols">Imperial Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_the_Mongol_Empire" title="Military of the Mongol Empire">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Mongol_Empire" title="Religion in the Mongol Empire">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_the_Mongol_Empire" title="Society of the Mongol Empire">Society and economy</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">House of Borjigin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_%C3%96gedei" title="House of Ögedei">House of Ögedei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_Armenia" title="Mongol Armenia">Mongol Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine%E2%80%93Mongol_Alliance" title="Byzantine–Mongol Alliance">Byzantine–Mongol Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Mongol_alliance" title="Franco-Mongol alliance">Franco-Mongol alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_battles_of_the_Mongol_invasion_of_Europe" title="Lists of battles of the Mongol invasion of Europe">Lists of battles of the Mongol invasion of Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_battles_of_the_Mongol_invasion_of_Kievan_Rus%27" title="List of battles of the Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'">List of battles of the Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mongol_states" title="List of Mongol states">Khanates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" title="Yuan dynasty">Yuan dynasty</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Yuan" title="Northern Yuan">Northern Yuan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chagatai_Khanate" title="Chagatai Khanate">Chagatai Khanate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_%C3%96gedei" title="House of Ögedei">House of Ögedei</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Horde" title="Golden Horde">Golden Horde</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wings_of_the_Golden_Horde" title="Wings of the Golden Horde">Wings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilkhanate" title="Ilkhanate">Ilkhanate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Almaliq,_Xinjiang" title="Almaliq, Xinjiang">Almalik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avarga" title="Avarga">Avarga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azov" title="Azov">Azov (Azaq)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukhara" title="Bukhara">Bukhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolghar" title="Bolghar">Bolghar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakorum" title="Karakorum">Karakorum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanbaliq" title="Khanbaliq">Dadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majar_(Golden_Horde)" title="Majar (Golden Horde)">Majar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maragheh" title="Maragheh">Maragheh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qarshi" title="Qarshi">Qarshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samarkand" title="Samarkand">Samarkand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarai_(city)" title="Sarai (city)">Sarai Batu/Berke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saray-J%C3%BCk" title="Saray-Jük">Saray-Jük</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangdu" title="Shangdu">Shangdu (Xanadu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soltaniyeh" title="Soltaniyeh">Soltaniyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabriz" title="Tabriz">Tabriz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukek" title="Ukek">Ukek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xacitarxan" title="Xacitarxan">Xacitarxan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="CampaignsBattles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Campaigns</li><li>Battles</li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Asia" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Central_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mongol invasion of Central Asia">Central</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_campaigns_in_Siberia" title="Mongol campaigns in Siberia">Siberia <span style="font-size:85%;">(1207-1308)</span></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_of_Sakhalin" title="Mongol invasions of Sakhalin">Sakhalin <span style="font-size:85%;">(1264–1308)</span></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_conquest_of_the_Qara_Khitai" title="Mongol conquest of the Qara Khitai">Qara Khitai <span style="font-size:85%;">(1216–18)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_the_Khwarazmian_Empire" title="Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire">Khwarazmian Empire <span style="font-size:85%;">(1219–1221)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Persia_and_Mesopotamia" title="Mongol invasion of Persia and Mesopotamia">Persia <span style="font-size:85%;">(1219–1256)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_and_conquests#East_Asia" title="Mongol invasions and conquests">East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_conquest_of_Western_Xia" title="Mongol conquest of Western Xia"><span class="wrap">Western Xia <span style="font-size:85%;">(1205 / 1207 / 1209–10 / 1225–27)</span></span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_conquest_of_the_Jin_dynasty" title="Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty">Northern China <span style="font-size:85%;">(1211–34)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_of_Korea" title="Mongol invasions of Korea">Korea <span style="font-size:85%;">(1231–60)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_conquest_of_the_Song_dynasty" title="Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty">Southern China <span style="font-size:85%;">(1235–79)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_of_Tibet" title="Mongol invasions of Tibet"><span class="wrap">Tibet <span style="font-size:85%;">(1236 / 1240 / 1252)</span></span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_conquest_of_China#Conquest_of_Yunnan" title="Mongol conquest of China">Yunnan <span style="font-size:85%;">(1253–56)</span></a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_of_Japan" title="Mongol invasions of Japan">Japan <span style="font-size:85%;">(1274 / 1281)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_and_conquests#Southeast_Asian_and_Korean_vassals" title="Mongol invasions and conquests">Southeast</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Mongol_invasion_of_Burma" title="First Mongol invasion of Burma"><span class="wrap">Burma <span style="font-size:85%;">(1277 / 1283 / 1287)</span></span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Java" title="Mongol invasion of Java">Java <span style="font-size:85%;">(1293)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_of_Vietnam" title="Mongol invasions of Vietnam">Vietnam <span style="font-size:85%;">(1257 / 1284–88)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Mongol_invasion_of_Burma" title="Second Mongol invasion of Burma">Burma <span style="font-size:85%;">(1300–02)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_of_India" title="Mongol invasions of India">India <span style="font-size:85%;">(1221–1327)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Europe" title="Mongol invasion of Europe">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_of_Georgia" title="Mongol invasions of Georgia"><span class="wrap">Georgia <span style="font-size:85%;">(1220–22 / 1226–31 / 1237–64)</span></span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Circassia" title="Mongol invasion of Circassia">Circassia <span style="font-size:85%;">(1237–1300s)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_of_Durdzuketi" title="Mongol invasions of Durdzuketi">Chechnya <span style="font-size:85%;">(1237–1300s)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Volga_Bulgaria" title="Mongol invasion of Volga Bulgaria">Volga Bulgaria <span style="font-size:85%;">(1229–36)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongol_invasion_of_Alania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mongol invasion of Alania (page does not exist)">Alania <span style="font-size:85%;">(1238–1239)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Kievan_Rus%27" title="Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'">Kievan Rus' <span style="font-size:85%;">(1223 / 1236–40)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Mongol_invasion_of_Poland" title="First Mongol invasion of Poland">Poland and Bohemia <span style="font-size:85%;">(1240–41)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Mongol_invasion_of_Hungary" title="First Mongol invasion of Hungary">Hungary <span style="font-size:85%;">(1241–42)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_incursions_in_the_Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Mongol incursions in the Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire <span style="font-size:85%;">(1241–42)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Bulgaria_and_Serbia" title="Mongol invasion of Bulgaria and Serbia">Serbia and Bulgaria <span style="font-size:85%;">(1242)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_the_Latin_Empire" title="Mongol invasion of the Latin Empire">Latin Empire <span style="font-size:85%;">(1242)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_of_Lithuania" title="Mongol invasions of Lithuania">Lithuania <span style="font-size:85%;">(1258–59)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Mongol_invasion_of_Poland" title="Second Mongol invasion of Poland">Poland <span style="font-size:85%;">(1259–60)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Byzantine_Thrace" title="Mongol invasion of Byzantine Thrace">Thrace <span style="font-size:85%;">(1264–65)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Mongol_invasion_of_Hungary" title="Second Mongol invasion of Hungary">Hungary <span style="font-size:85%;">(1285–86)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Mongol_invasion_of_Poland" title="Third Mongol invasion of Poland">Poland <span style="font-size:85%;">(1287–88)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_conflict_with_the_Nogai_Horde" title="Serbian conflict with the Nogai Horde">Serbia <span style="font-size:85%;">(1291)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Middle East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_conquest_of_Anatolia" title="Mongol conquest of Anatolia">Anatolia <span style="font-size:85%;">(1241–43)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_campaign_against_the_Nizaris" title="Mongol campaign against the Nizaris">Alamut <span style="font-size:85%;">(1253–1256)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Baghdad" title="Siege of Baghdad">Baghdad <span style="font-size:85%;">(1258)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_of_the_Levant" title="Mongol invasions of the Levant">Syria <span style="font-size:85%;">(1260–1323)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_raids_into_Palestine" title="Mongol raids into Palestine">Palestine <span style="font-size:85%;">(1260 / 1301)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Civil wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Division_of_the_Mongol_Empire" title="Division of the Mongol Empire">Division of the Mongol Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toluid_Civil_War" title="Toluid Civil War">Toluid Civil War <span style="font-size:85%;">(1260–64)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berke%E2%80%93Hulagu_war" title="Berke–Hulagu war">Berke–Hulagu war <span style="font-size:85%;">(1262)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaidu%E2%80%93Kublai_war" title="Kaidu–Kublai war">Kaidu–Kublai war <span style="font-size:85%;">(1268–1301)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esen_Buqa%E2%80%93Ayurbarwada_war" title="Esen Buqa–Ayurbarwada war">Esen Buqa–Ayurbarwada war <span style="font-size:85%;">(1314–1318)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="People" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">People</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mongol_rulers" title="List of Mongol rulers">Great Khans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genghis_Khan" title="Genghis Khan">Genghis Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolui" title="Tolui">Tolui <span style="font-size:85%;">(regent)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96gedei_Khan" title="Ögedei Khan">Ögedei Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%B6regene_Khatun" title="Töregene Khatun">Töregene Khatun <span style="font-size:85%;">(regent)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_Khan" title="Güyük Khan">Güyük Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oghul_Qaimish" title="Oghul Qaimish">Oghul Qaimish <span style="font-size:85%;">(regent)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B6ngke_Khan" title="Möngke Khan">Möngke Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kublai_Khan" title="Kublai Khan">Kublai Khan</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Yuan_emperors" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Yuan emperors">Khagans of the Yuan</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Khans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jochi" title="Jochi">Jochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batu_Khan" title="Batu Khan">Batu Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sartaq_Khan" title="Sartaq Khan">Sartaq Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orda_Khan" title="Orda Khan">Orda Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berke" title="Berke">Berke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toqta" title="Toqta">Toqta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zbeg_Khan" title="Özbeg Khan">Özbeg Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chagatai_Khan" title="Chagatai Khan">Chagatai Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duwa" title="Duwa">Duwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kebek" title="Kebek">Kebek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulegu_Khan" title="Hulegu Khan">Hulegu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abaqa_Khan" title="Abaqa Khan">Abaqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arghun" title="Arghun">Arghun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghazan" title="Ghazan">Ghazan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subutai" title="Subutai">Subutai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jebe" title="Jebe">Jebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muqali" title="Muqali">Muqali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negudar" title="Negudar">Negudar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo%27orchu" title="Bo'orchu">Bo'orchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Kan" title="Guo Kan">Guo Kan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boroqul" title="Boroqul">Boroqul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jelme" title="Jelme">Jelme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khubilai_Noyon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khubilai Noyon (page does not exist)">Khubilai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aju" title="Aju">Aju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayan_of_the_Baarin" title="Bayan of the Baarin">Bayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadan" title="Kadan">Kadan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boroldai" title="Boroldai">Boroldai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nogai_Khan" title="Nogai Khan">Nogai Khan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Mongol_Empire" title="Timeline of the Mongol Empire">Timeline of the Mongol Empire</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Yuan_dynasty_topics" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Yuan_dynasty_topics" title="Template:Yuan dynasty topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Yuan_dynasty_topics" title="Template talk:Yuan dynasty topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Yuan_dynasty_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Yuan dynasty topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Yuan_dynasty_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" title="Yuan dynasty">Yuan dynasty</a> topics</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Yuan_dynasty" title="History of the Yuan dynasty">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Division_of_the_Mongol_Empire" title="Division of the Mongol Empire">Division of the Mongol Empire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toluid_Civil_War" title="Toluid Civil War">Toluid Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaidu%E2%80%93Kublai_war" title="Kaidu–Kublai war">Kaidu–Kublai war</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kublai_Khan%27s_campaigns" title="Kublai Khan's campaigns">Kublai Khan's campaigns</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_conquest_of_China" title="Mongol conquest of China">Mongol conquest of China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan_anti-Mongol_fortresses" title="Sichuan anti-Mongol fortresses">anti-Mongol fortresses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_conquest_of_the_Song_dynasty" title="Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty">conquest of the Song dynasty</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Xiangyang" title="Battle of Xiangyang">Battle of Xiangyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yamen" title="Battle of Yamen">Yamen</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_of_Sakhalin" title="Mongol invasions of Sakhalin">Sakhalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_of_Japan" title="Mongol invasions of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_of_Vietnam" title="Mongol invasions of Vietnam">Vietnam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_B%E1%BA%A1ch_%C4%90%E1%BA%B1ng_(1288)" title="Battle of Bạch Đằng (1288)">Battle of Bạch Đằng (1288)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Java" title="Mongol invasion of Java">Java invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Mongol_invasion_of_Burma" title="First Mongol invasion of Burma">Burma</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ngasaunggyan" title="Battle of Ngasaunggyan">Battle of Ngasaunggyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pagan" title="Battle of Pagan">Pagan</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Mongol_invasion_of_Burma" title="Second Mongol invasion of Burma">Second Mongol invasion of Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esen_Buqa%E2%80%93Ayurbarwada_war" title="Esen Buqa–Ayurbarwada war">Esen Buqa–Ayurbarwada war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Two_Capitals" title="War of the Two Capitals">War of the Two Capitals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1344_Yellow_River_flood" title="1344 Yellow River flood">1344 Yellow River flood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Turban_Rebellions" title="Red Turban Rebellions">Red Turban Rebellions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_Turban_invasions_of_Goryeo" title="Red Turban invasions of Goryeo">Red Turban invasions of Goryeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lake_Poyang" title="Battle of Lake Poyang">Battle of Lake Poyang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ispah_rebellion" title="Ispah rebellion">Ispah rebellion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_emperors_of_the_Yuan_dynasty" title="List of emperors of the Yuan dynasty">Emperors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_emperors_family_tree_(late)#Yuan_dynasty_and_Northern_Yuan_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese emperors family tree (late)">family tree</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_empresses_of_the_Yuan_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="List of empresses of the Yuan dynasty">Empresses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Preceptor" title="Imperial Preceptor">Imperial Preceptor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongshu_Sheng" title="Zhongshu Sheng">Zhongshu Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Buddhist_and_Tibetan_Affairs" title="Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs">Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_the_Yuan_dynasty" title="Administrative divisions of the Yuan dynasty">Administrative divisions of the Yuan dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuan_dynasty_in_Inner_Asia" title="Yuan dynasty in Inner Asia">Yuan dynasty in Inner Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongolia_under_Yuan_rule" title="Mongolia under Yuan rule">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchuria_under_Yuan_rule" title="Manchuria under Yuan rule">Manchuria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibet_under_Yuan_rule" title="Tibet under Yuan rule">Tibet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dpon-chen" title="Dpon-chen">Dpon-chen</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goryeo_under_Mongol_rule" title="Goryeo under Mongol rule">Goryeo under Mongol rule</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_of_the_Yuan_dynasty" title="Science and technology of the Yuan dynasty">Science and technology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Jade_Mirror_of_the_Four_Unknowns" title="Jade Mirror of the Four Unknowns">Jade Mirror of the Four Unknowns</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiaochao" title="Jiaochao">Jiaochao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuan_dynasty_coinage" title="Yuan dynasty coinage">Coinage</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wei_Yilin" title="Wei Yilin">Shiyi Dexiaofang</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhen_(inventor)" title="Wang Zhen (inventor)">Nong Shu</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Architecture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cloud_Platform_at_Juyong_Pass" title="Cloud Platform at Juyong Pass">Cloud Platform at Juyong Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulou_and_Zhonglou_(Beijing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gulou and Zhonglou (Beijing)">Gulou and Zhonglou (Beijing)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miaoying_Temple" title="Miaoying Temple">Miaoying Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagoda_of_Bailin_Temple" title="Pagoda of Bailin Temple">Pagoda of Bailin Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Azure_Clouds" title="Temple of Azure Clouds">Temple of Azure Clouds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinan_Great_Southern_Mosque" title="Jinan Great Southern Mosque">Jinan Great Southern Mosque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society and culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yuan_poetry" title="Yuan poetry">Yuan poetry</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/History_of_Liao" title="History of Liao">History of Liao</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/History_of_Jin" title="History of Jin">Jin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/History_of_Song_(Yuan_dynasty)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Song (Yuan dynasty)">Song</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shilin_Guangji" title="Shilin Guangji">Shilin Guangji</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Menggu_Ziyun" title="Menggu Ziyun">Menggu Ziyun</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wenxian_Tongkao" title="Wenxian Tongkao">Wenxian Tongkao</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zhongyuan_Yinyun" title="Zhongyuan Yinyun">Zhongyuan Yinyun</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Twenty-four_Filial_Exemplars" title="The Twenty-four Filial Exemplars">The Twenty-four Filial Exemplars</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaju" title="Zaju">Zaju</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Chalk_Circle" title="The Chalk Circle">The Chalk Circle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Injustice_to_Dou_E" title="The Injustice to Dou E">The Injustice to Dou E</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Orphan_of_Zhao" title="The Orphan of Zhao">The Orphan of Zhao</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_the_Western_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="The Story of the Western Wing">The Story of the Western Wing</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semu" title="Semu">Semu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_during_the_Yuan_dynasty" title="Islam during the Yuan dynasty">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_in_Yuan_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Fashion in Yuan dynasty">Fashion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongols" title="Mongols">Mongols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Borjigin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BCPhags-pa_script" title="ʼPhags-pa script">ʼPhags-pa script</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/History_of_Yuan" title="History of Yuan">History of Yuan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanbaliq" title="Khanbaliq">Khanbaliq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangdu" title="Shangdu">Shangdu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Yuan" title="Northern Yuan">Northern Yuan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mongolic_peoples" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mongol_ethnic_groups" title="Template:Mongol ethnic groups"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mongol_ethnic_groups" title="Template talk:Mongol ethnic groups"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mongol_ethnic_groups" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mongol ethnic groups"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mongolic_peoples" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mongolic_peoples" title="Mongolic peoples">Mongolic peoples</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Mongolia" title="History of Mongolia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Mongolian_history" title="Timeline of Mongolian history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Plateau" title="Mongolian Plateau">Mongolian Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_heartland" title="Mongol heartland">Mongol heartland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mongol_states" title="List of Mongol states">States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mongol_rulers" title="List of Mongol rulers">Rulers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slab_Grave_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Slab Grave culture">Slab Grave culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordos_culture" title="Ordos culture">Ordos culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolic_languages" title="Mongolic languages">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Mongolic_language" title="Proto-Mongolic language">Proto-Mongolic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_medieval_Mongol_tribes_and_clans" title="List of medieval Mongol tribes and clans">Medieval tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_modern_Mongol_clans" title="List of modern Mongol clans">Modern clans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomadic_empire" title="Nomadic empire">Nomadic empire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turco-Mongol_tradition" title="Turco-Mongol tradition">Turco-Mongol</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_nobility" title="Mongolian nobility">Mongolian nobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_writing_systems" title="Mongolian writing systems">Writing systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyombo_symbol" title="Soyombo symbol">Soyombo symbol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Mongolia" title="Buddhism in Mongolia">Religion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Proto-Mongols" title="Proto-Mongols">Proto-Mongols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donghu_people" title="Donghu people">Donghu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xianbei" title="Xianbei">Xianbei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhuan" title="Wuhuan">Wuhuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rouran_Khaganate" title="Rouran Khaganate">Rouran</a> <ul><li>incl. <a href="/wiki/Yujiul%C3%BC_clan" title="Yujiulü clan">Yujiulü</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duan_tribe" title="Duan tribe">Duan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuwen" title="Yuwen">Yuwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumo_Xi" title="Kumo Xi">Kumo Xi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murong" title="Murong">Murong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuyuhun" title="Tuyuhun">Tuyuhun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuoba" title="Tuoba">Tuoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Qin" title="Western Qin">Qifu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Liang_(Sixteen_Kingdoms)" title="Southern Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms)">Tufa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiwei_people" title="Shiwei people">Shiwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didouyu" title="Didouyu">Didouyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khitan_people" title="Khitan people">Khitan</a> <ul><li>incl. <a href="/wiki/Yel%C3%BC" title="Yelü">Yelü</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zubu" title="Zubu">Zubu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_medieval_Mongol_tribes_and_clans" title="List of medieval Mongol tribes and clans">Medieval tribes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khamag_Mongol" title="Khamag Mongol">Khamag Mongol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baarins" title="Baarins">Baarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barga_Mongols" title="Barga Mongols">Barga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barlas" title="Barlas">Barlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayads" title="Bayads">Bayad</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Borjigin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chonos_tribe" title="Chonos tribe">Chonos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dughlats" title="Dughlats">Dughlat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eljigin" title="Eljigin">Eljigin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorlos_Mongols" title="Gorlos Mongols">Gorlos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalairs" title="Jalairs">Jalair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katagans" title="Katagans">Katagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keraites" title="Keraites">Kerait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khongirad" title="Khongirad">Khongirad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manghud" title="Manghud">Manghud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merkit" title="Merkit">Merkit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naimans" title="Naimans">Naiman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oirats" title="Oirats">Oirat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olkhonud" title="Olkhonud">Olkhonud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ongud" title="Ongud">Ongud</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qara_Khitai" title="Qara Khitai">Qara Khitai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qara%27unas" title="Qara'unas">Qara'unas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunud" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunud">Sunud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taichiud" title="Taichiud">Taichiud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatar_confederation" title="Tatar confederation">Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumed" title="Tumed">Tumed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uriankhai" title="Uriankhai">Uriankhai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ethnic groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mongols" title="Mongols">Mongols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darkhad" title="Darkhad">Darkhad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dariganga_Mongols" title="Dariganga Mongols">Dariganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eljigin" title="Eljigin">Eljigin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalkha_Mongols" title="Khalkha Mongols">Khalkha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khotogoid" title="Khotogoid">Khotogoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sartuul" title="Sartuul">Sartuul</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Southern_Mongols" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mongols_in_China" title="Mongols in China">Southern Mongols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asud" title="Asud">Asud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baarins" title="Baarins">Baarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chahars" title="Chahars">Chahar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Dorbet" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Dorbet">Eastern Dorbet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharchin_Mongols" title="Kharchin Mongols">Kharchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khorchin_Mongols" title="Khorchin Mongols">Khorchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaruud" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaruud">Jaruud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naimans" title="Naimans">Naiman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordos_Mongols" title="Ordos Mongols">Ordos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumed" title="Tumed">Tumed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urad_Mongols" title="Urad Mongols">Urad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Czemchin_Mongols" title="Üzemchin Mongols">Üzemchin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oirats" title="Oirats">Oirats</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altai_Uriankhai" title="Altai Uriankhai">Altai Uriankhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baatud" title="Baatud">Baatud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayads" title="Bayads">Bayad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chantuu" title="Chantuu">Chantuu</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choros_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Choros people">Choros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6rbet_Oirat" title="Dörbet Oirat">Dörbet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzungar_people" title="Dzungar people">Dzungar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khoid" title="Khoid">Khoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khoshut" title="Khoshut">Khoshut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khotons" title="Khotons">Khoton</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalmyks" title="Kalmyks">Kalmyk</a> <ul><li>incl. <a href="/wiki/Buzava" title="Buzava">Buzava</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myangad" title="Myangad">Myangad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olot_people" title="Olot people">Olot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sart_Kalmyks" title="Sart Kalmyks">Sart Kalmyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torghut" title="Torghut">Torghut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Mongols" title="Upper Mongols">Upper Mongols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakhchin" title="Zakhchin">Zakhchin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Buryats" title="Buryats">Buryats</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barga_Mongols" title="Barga Mongols">Barga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamnigan" title="Hamnigan">Hamnigan</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyot" title="Soyot">Soyot</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aimaq_people" title="Aimaq people">Aimaq</a>**</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonan_people" title="Bonan people">Bonan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daur_people" title="Daur people">Daur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongxiangs" class="mw-redirect" title="Dongxiangs">Dongxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazaras" title="Hazaras">Hazara</a>**</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangjia_language" title="Kangjia language">Kangjia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mughal_people" title="Mughal people">Mughal</a>**</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moghol_people" title="Moghol people">Moghol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monguor_people" title="Monguor people">Monguor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khatso" title="Khatso">Khatso</a> (<i>Yunnan Mongol</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan_Mongols" title="Sichuan Mongols">Sichuan Mongols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sogwo_Arig" title="Sogwo Arig">Sogwo Arig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvans" title="Tuvans">Tuvan</a>**</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugur" class="mw-redirect" title="Yugur">Yugur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/Template:Donghu_and_Xianbei" title="Template:Donghu and Xianbei">Donghu and Xianbei</a> · <a href="/wiki/Template:Turco-Mongol" title="Template:Turco-Mongol">Turco-Mongol</a><br /> <sup>*</sup>Mongolized ethnic groups.<sup>**</sup>Ethnic groups of Mongolian origin or with a large Mongolian ethnic component.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Royal_and_noble_family_trees" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Aristocratic_family_trees" title="Template:Aristocratic family trees"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Aristocratic_family_trees" title="Template talk:Aristocratic family trees"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Aristocratic_family_trees" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Aristocratic family trees"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Royal_and_noble_family_trees" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Royal and noble family trees</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Mexican_monarchs" title="Family tree of Mexican monarchs">Mexico</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Aztec_monarchs" title="Family tree of Aztec monarchs">Aztec</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Thomson_family" title="Family tree of Thomson family">Thomsons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Bruneian_monarchs" title="Family tree of Bruneian monarchs">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Burmese_monarchs" title="Family tree of Burmese monarchs">Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_the_Busaid_dynasty" title="Family tree of the Busaid dynasty">Busaid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Cambodian_monarchs" title="Family tree of Cambodian monarchs">Cambodia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Khmer_Varman_monarchs" title="Family tree of Khmer Varman monarchs">Khmer Varman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Mahidharapura_monarchs" title="Family tree of Mahidharapura monarchs">Mahidharapura</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fujiwara_family_tree" title="Fujiwara family tree">Fujiwara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kt%C3%BCrk_family_tree" title="Göktürk family tree">Göktürk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Japanese_monarchs" title="Family tree of Japanese monarchs">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Kingdom_of_Jerusalem_monarchs" title="Family tree of Kingdom of Jerusalem monarchs">Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Korean_monarchs" title="Family tree of Korean monarchs">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mughal-Mongol_genealogy" title="Mughal-Mongol genealogy">Mughal-Mongol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Sinhalese_monarchs" title="Family tree of Sinhalese monarchs">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Thai_monarchs" title="Family tree of Thai monarchs">Thailand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Lanna_dynasties" title="Family tree of Lanna dynasties">Lanna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timurid_family_tree" title="Timurid family tree">Timurid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Vietnamese_monarchs" title="Family tree of Vietnamese monarchs">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Emirati_monarchs" title="Family tree of Emirati monarchs">United Arab Emirates</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Iran</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_family_tree" title="Achaemenid family tree">Achaemenid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_the_Arsacids" title="Family tree of the Arsacids">Arsacids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasanian_family_tree" title="Sasanian family tree">Sasanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bavandid_family_tree" title="Bavandid family tree">Bavandid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safavid_family_tree" title="Safavid family tree">Safavid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qajar_family_tree" title="Qajar family tree">Qajar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_family_tree" title="Pahlavi family tree">Pahlavi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Turkey</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anatolian_Seljuks_family_tree" title="Anatolian Seljuks family tree">Anatolian Seljuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_family_tree" title="Ottoman family tree">Ottoman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_family_tree_(simplified)" title="Ottoman family tree (simplified)">simplified</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">China</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Chinese_monarchs_(ancient)" class="mw-redirect" title="Family tree of Chinese monarchs (ancient)">Ancient</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Chinese_monarchs_(Spring_and_Autumn_period)" title="Family tree of Chinese monarchs (Spring and Autumn period)">Spring and Autumn period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Chinese_monarchs_(Warring_States_period)" title="Family tree of Chinese monarchs (Warring States period)">Warring States</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Chinese_monarchs_(early)" class="mw-redirect" title="Family tree of Chinese monarchs (early)">Early</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Chinese_monarchs_(middle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Family tree of Chinese monarchs (middle)">Middle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Chinese_monarchs_(late)" class="mw-redirect" title="Family tree of Chinese monarchs (late)">Late</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Confucius_in_the_main_line_of_descent" title="Family tree of Confucius in the main line of descent">Kong (Confucius)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Malaysia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Malaysian_monarchs" title="Family tree of Malaysian monarchs">Monarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Johorean_monarchs" title="Family tree of Johorean monarchs">Johor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Kedahan_monarchs" title="Family tree of Kedahan monarchs">Kedah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Kelantanese_monarchs" title="Family tree of Kelantanese monarchs">Kelantan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Negri_monarchs" title="Family tree of Negri monarchs">Negeri Sembilan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Pahangese_monarchs" title="Family tree of Pahangese monarchs">Pahang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Perakian_monarchs" title="Family tree of Perakian monarchs">Perak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Perlisian_monarchs" title="Family tree of Perlisian monarchs">Perlis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Selangorean_monarchs" title="Family tree of Selangorean monarchs">Selangor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Terengganuan_monarchs" title="Family tree of Terengganuan monarchs">Terengganu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Singapura-Melakan_monarchs" title="Family tree of Singapura-Melakan monarchs">Singapura-Melakan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Egypt</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Pharaonic dynasties <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="First Dynasty of Egypt family tree">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Fourth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt family tree">11th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">12th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">18th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">19th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_the_Twenty-first,_Twenty-second,_and_Twenty-third_Dynasties_of_Egypt" title="Family tree of the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Dynasties of Egypt">21st, 22nd and 23rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-fifth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">25th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-sixth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">26th</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_dynasty_family_tree" title="Muhammad Ali dynasty family tree">Muhammad Ali</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bagratuni_family_tree" title="Bagratuni family tree">Bagratuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bal%C5%A1i%C4%87_family_tree" title="Balšić family tree">Balšić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Belgian_monarchs" title="Family tree of Belgian monarchs">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Bohemian_monarchs" title="Family tree of Bohemian monarchs">Bohemia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brankovi%C4%87_family_tree" title="Branković family tree">Branković</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Graeff_family_tree" title="De Graeff family tree">De Graeff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Danish_monarchs" title="Family tree of Danish monarchs">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_French_monarchs" title="Family tree of French monarchs">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_French_monarchs_(simplified)" title="Family tree of French monarchs (simplified)">simplified</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_family_tree" title="Bourbon family tree">Bourbon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_German_monarchs" title="Family tree of German monarchs">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Greek_monarchs" title="Family tree of Greek monarchs">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counts_of_Flanders_family_tree" title="Counts of Flanders family tree">Flanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habsburg_family_tree" title="Habsburg family tree">Habsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Hungarian_monarchs" title="Family tree of Hungarian monarchs">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medici_family_tree" title="Medici family tree">Medici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Monegasque_monarchs" title="Family tree of Monegasque monarchs">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Neapolitan_monarchs" title="Family tree of Neapolitan monarchs">Naples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemanji%C4%87_family_tree" title="Nemanjić family tree">Nemanjić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Dutch_monarchs" title="Family tree of Dutch monarchs">Netherlands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_the_House_of_Orange_(1450%E2%80%931815)" title="Family tree of the House of Orange (1450–1815)">Orange-Nassau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Norwegian_monarchs" title="Family tree of Norwegian monarchs">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrovi%C4%87-Njego%C5%A1_family_tree" title="Petrović-Njegoš family tree">Petrović-Njegoš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Polish_monarchs" title="Family tree of Polish monarchs">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Portuguese_monarchs" title="Family tree of Portuguese monarchs">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Russian_monarchs" title="Family tree of Russian monarchs">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Serbian_monarchs" title="Family tree of Serbian monarchs">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Sicilian_monarchs" title="Family tree of Sicilian monarchs">Sicily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Swedish_monarchs" title="Family tree of Swedish monarchs">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Von_Graben_family_tree" title="Von Graben family tree">Von Graben</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Georgia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_monarchs_family_tree_of_Iberia" title="Georgian monarchs family tree of Iberia">Iberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_monarchs_family_tree_of_Bagrationi_dynasty_of_Tao-Klarjeti" title="Georgian monarchs family tree of Bagrationi dynasty of Tao-Klarjeti">Tao-Klarjeti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_monarchs_family_tree_of_Bagrationi_dynasty_of_united_Georgia" title="Georgian monarchs family tree of Bagrationi dynasty of united Georgia">United Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_monarchs_family_tree_of_Bagrationi_dynasty_of_Kartli" title="Georgian monarchs family tree of Bagrationi dynasty of Kartli">Kartli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_monarchs_family_tree_of_Bagrationi_dynasty_of_Kakheti" title="Georgian monarchs family tree of Bagrationi dynasty of Kakheti">Kakheti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_monarchs_family_tree_of_Bagrationi_dynasty_of_Imereti" title="Georgian monarchs family tree of Bagrationi dynasty of Imereti">Imereti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Roman</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caecilii_Metelli_family_tree" title="Caecilii Metelli family tree">Caecilii Metelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_the_Cornelii_Scipiones" title="Family tree of the Cornelii Scipiones">Cornelii Scipiones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Roman_emperors" title="Family tree of Roman emperors">Ancient Roman emperors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Julio-Claudian_family_tree" title="Julio-Claudian family tree">Julio-Claudian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severan_dynasty_family_tree" title="Severan dynasty family tree">Severan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Byzantine_emperors" title="Family tree of Byzantine emperors">Byzantine emperors</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Spanish_monarchs" title="Family tree of Spanish monarchs">Monarchs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Aragonese_monarchs" title="Family tree of Aragonese monarchs">Aragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Castilian_monarchs" title="Family tree of Castilian monarchs">Castile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Navarrese_monarchs" title="Family tree of Navarrese monarchs">Navarre</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Britain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Monarchs <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_English_monarchs" title="Family tree of English monarchs">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_the_British_royal_family" title="Family tree of the British royal family">Great Britain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_British_monarchs" title="Family tree of British monarchs">simplified</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Scottish_monarchs" title="Family tree of Scottish monarchs">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_Welsh_monarchs" title="Family tree of Welsh monarchs">Wales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontefract_de_Lacys%27_family_tree" title="Pontefract de Lacys' family tree">Pontefract de Lacys</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Croatia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trpimirovi%C4%87_royal_family_tree" title="Trpimirović royal family tree">Trpimirović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankopan_family_tree" title="Frankopan family tree">Frankopan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ubi%C4%87_family_tree" title="Šubić family tree">Šubić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zrinski_family_tree" title="Zrinski family tree">Zrinski</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree" title="Family tree">Family tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahnentafel" title="Ahnentafel">Ahnentafel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genealogical_numbering_systems" title="Genealogical numbering systems">genealogical numbering systems</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quarters_of_nobility" title="Quarters of nobility">Quarters of nobility</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seize_quartiers" title="Seize quartiers">seize quartiers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_descent" title="Royal descent">Royal descent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059073#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh2006000218">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007542196805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&oldid=1259053952">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&oldid=1259053952</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Borjigin" title="Category:Borjigin">Borjigin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:900_establishments" title="Category:900 establishments">900 establishments</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mongolian_nobility" title="Category:Mongolian nobility">Mongolian nobility</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mongol_Empire_people" title="Category:Mongol Empire people">Mongol Empire people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Emperors_of_the_Yuan_dynasty" title="Category:Emperors of the Yuan dynasty">Emperors of the Yuan dynasty</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mongol_Empire" title="Category:Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Yuan_dynasty" title="Category:Yuan dynasty">Yuan dynasty</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ethnic_groups_in_Mongolia" title="Category:Ethnic groups in Mongolia">Ethnic groups in Mongolia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Individual_Chinese_surnames" title="Category:Individual Chinese surnames">Individual Chinese surnames</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Plain_Yellow_Banner" title="Category:Plain Yellow Banner">Plain Yellow Banner</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Mongolian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Mongolian-language text">Articles containing Mongolian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_Mongolian_IPA" title="Category:Pages with Mongolian IPA">Pages with Mongolian IPA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_simplified_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text">Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_traditional_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text">Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Russian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Russian-language text">Articles containing Russian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_missing_periodical" title="Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical">CS1 errors: missing periodical</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Russian-language_sources_(ru)" title="Category:CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)">CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_specifically_marked_weasel-worded_phrases" title="Category:All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases">All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_specifically_marked_weasel-worded_phrases_from_August_2024" title="Category:Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from August 2024">Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from August 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Arabic-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Arabic-language text">Articles containing Arabic-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_specifically_marked_weasel-worded_phrases_from_August_2016" title="Category:Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from August 2016">Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from August 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Chinese-language text">Articles containing Chinese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 23 November 2024, at 03:07<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Borjigin&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-57488d5c7d-jvdbr","wgBackendResponseTime":133,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.881","walltime":"1.101","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3950,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":177332,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":9513,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":14,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":79186,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 911.878 1 -total"," 22.81% 207.997 1 Template:Royal_house"," 21.80% 198.819 1 Template:Infobox"," 16.54% 150.818 1 Template:Mongol_Empire"," 16.18% 147.526 1 Template:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups"," 14.83% 135.269 3 Template:Lang"," 13.87% 126.451 2 Template:Reflist"," 10.70% 97.593 9 Template:Navbox"," 9.46% 86.248 1 Template:Cite_encyclopedia"," 8.69% 79.280 4 Template:Efn"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.498","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":25409951,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-57488d5c7d-rv8bh","timestamp":"20241128015839","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Borjigin","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Borjigin","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1059073","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1059073","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-10-26T19:52:22Z","dateModified":"2024-11-23T03:07:28Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/58\/Mongol_Empire_c.1207.png","headline":"Imperial clan of Genghis Khan and his younger brother's successors"}</script> </body> </html>