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<li id="toc-Hus's_death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hus's_death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Hus's death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hus's_death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hussite_Wars_(1419–1434)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hussite_Wars_(1419–1434)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Hussite Wars (1419–1434)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hussite_Wars_(1419–1434)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Council_of_Basel_and_Compacta_of_Prague" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Council_of_Basel_and_Compacta_of_Prague"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Council of Basel and Compacta of Prague</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Council_of_Basel_and_Compacta_of_Prague-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hussite_Bohemia,_Luther_and_the_Reformation_(1434–1618)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hussite_Bohemia,_Luther_and_the_Reformation_(1434–1618)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Hussite Bohemia, Luther and the Reformation (1434–1618)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hussite_Bohemia,_Luther_and_the_Reformation_(1434–1618)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bohemian_Revolt_and_harsh_persecution_under_the_Habsburgs_(1618–1918)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bohemian_Revolt_and_harsh_persecution_under_the_Habsburgs_(1618–1918)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Bohemian Revolt and harsh persecution under the Habsburgs (1618–1918)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bohemian_Revolt_and_harsh_persecution_under_the_Habsburgs_(1618–1918)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-Habsburg_era_and_modern_times_(1918–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Habsburg_era_and_modern_times_(1918–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Post-Habsburg era and modern times (1918–present)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-Habsburg_era_and_modern_times_(1918–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Factions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Factions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Factions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Factions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Factions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Factions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Moderates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moderates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Moderates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moderates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radicals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radicals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Radicals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radicals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hussites</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 54 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-54" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">54 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussiete" title="Hussiete – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hussiete" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="هوسيون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هوسيون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husitas" title="Husitas – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Husitas" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Гусіты – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гусіты" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Гусіты – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гусіты" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Хуситство – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хуситство" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussitn" title="Hussitn – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Hussitn" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussites" title="Hussites – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hussites" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husitstv%C3%AD" title="Husitství – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Husitství" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husiaeth" title="Husiaeth – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Husiaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussitter" title="Hussitter – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hussitter" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussiten" title="Hussiten – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hussiten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussiidid" title="Hussiidid – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hussiidid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%83%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Χουσίτες – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χουσίτες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husitas" title="Husitas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Husitas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husanoj" title="Husanoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Husanoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hustar" title="Hustar – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hustar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7" title="هوسی‌ها – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هوسی‌ها" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89glise_hussite" title="Église hussite – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Église hussite" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husachd" title="Husachd – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Husachd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9B%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%8C%8C" title="후스파 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="후스파" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Հուսիտներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հուսիտներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husiti" title="Husiti – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Husiti" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husiti" title="Husiti – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Husiti" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husite" title="Husite – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Husite" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussiti" title="Hussiti – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Hussiti" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA" title="התנועה ההוסיטית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="התנועה ההוסיטית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ჰუსიტები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰუსიტები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussitae" title="Hussitae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hussitae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hus%C4%ABti" title="Husīti – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Husīti" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husitai" title="Husitai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Husitai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huszit%C3%A1k" title="Husziták – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Husziták" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Хусити – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хусити" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hositisma" title="Hositisma – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Hositisma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="هوسيون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هوسيون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerakan_Hus" title="Gerakan Hus – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Gerakan Hus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussieten" title="Hussieten – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hussieten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%B9%E6%B4%BE" title="フス派 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フス派" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husittene" title="Husittene – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Husittene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husittar" title="Husittar – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Husittar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husytyzm" title="Husytyzm – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Husytyzm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussitas" title="Hussitas – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hussitas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husi%C8%9Bi" title="Husiți – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Husiți" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Гуситы – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гуситы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husitstvo" title="Husitstvo – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Husitstvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husiti" title="Husiti – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Husiti" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Хусити – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хусити" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husiti" title="Husiti – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Husiti" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussilaisuus" title="Hussilaisuus – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hussilaisuus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist" style="color: black;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background:#efefef;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Protestantism" title="Category:Protestantism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#efefef;;padding:0.2em; background:#efefef;"><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Golden_Christian_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Latin version of the Christian cross which is used by virtually all Protestant denominations"><img alt="Latin version of the Christian cross which is used by virtually all Protestant denominations" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Golden_Christian_Cross.svg/85px-Golden_Christian_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Golden_Christian_Cross.svg/128px-Golden_Christian_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Golden_Christian_Cross.svg/170px-Golden_Christian_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="1052" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above"> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Protestantism" title="Outline of Protestantism">Outline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef;;background:#efefef;;color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Protestantism" title="Anti-Protestantism">Anti-Protestantism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Bible" title="Protestant Bible">Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Protestantism" title="Criticism of Protestantism">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_culture" title="Protestant culture">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism_by_country" title="Protestantism by country">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_ecclesiology" title="Protestant ecclesiology">Ecclesiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_liturgy" title="Protestant liturgy">Liturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic%E2%80%93Protestant_relations" title="Catholic–Protestant relations">Relations with Catholics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_theologies" title="Protestant theologies">Theologies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Five_Solas" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Solas">Five Solas</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef;;background:#efefef;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Protestantism" title="History of Protestantism">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Protestantism" title="Proto-Protestantism">Proto-Protestantism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bohemian_Reformation" title="Bohemian Reformation">Bohemian Reformation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Reformation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magisterial_Reformation" title="Magisterial Reformation">Magisterial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_Reformation" title="Radical Reformation">Radical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation">Counter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ninety-five_Theses" title="Ninety-five Theses">Ninety-five Theses</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augsburg_Confession" title="Augsburg Confession">Augsburg Confession</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huldrych_Zwingli" title="Huldrych Zwingli">Huldrych Zwingli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Calvin" title="John Calvin">John Calvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arminianism" title="Arminianism">Arminianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crypto-Protestantism" title="Crypto-Protestantism">Crypto-Protestantism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonconformist_(Protestantism)" title="Nonconformist (Protestantism)">Nonconformists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Dissenters" title="English Dissenters">Dissenters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puritans" title="Puritans">Puritans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wesley" title="John Wesley">John Wesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietism" title="Pietism">Pietism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Awakening" title="Great Awakening">Great Awakenings in America</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revival_meeting" title="Revival meeting">Revival meetings</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef;;background:#efefef;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations#Protestant" title="List of Christian denominations">Branches</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Protestants" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Protestants">Proto-Protestants</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hussites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldensians" title="Waldensians">Waldensians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutherans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_tradition" class="mw-redirect" title="Reformed tradition">Reformed</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Reformed_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Continental Reformed church">Continental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterians" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterians">Presbyterians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregational" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregational">Congregational</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglicans" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglicans">Anglicans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Continuing_Anglican_movement" title="Continuing Anglican movement">Continuing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabaptists" class="mw-redirect" title="Anabaptists">Anabaptists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amish" title="Amish">Amish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutterites" title="Hutterites">Hutterites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mennonites" title="Mennonites">Mennonites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodists" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodists">Methodists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_Pietism" title="Radical Pietism">Radical Pietism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakers" title="Shakers">Shakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone-Campbell" class="mw-redirect" title="Stone-Campbell">Stone-Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren" title="Plymouth Brethren">Plymouth Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventist" class="mw-redirect" title="Adventist">Adventist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Apostolic_Church" title="Catholic Apostolic Church">Irvings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holiness_movement" title="Holiness movement">Holiness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher_Life_movement" title="Higher Life movement">Keswickians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Protestant_Christianity" title="Eastern Protestant Christianity">Eastern Protestant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecostals" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentecostals">Pentecostals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_and_uniting_churches" title="United and uniting churches">United and uniting churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nondenominational_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Nondenominational Christianity">Nondenominational</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef;;background:#efefef;;color: var(--color-base)">Movements</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Catholic" title="Evangelical Catholic">Augsburg Catholics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charismatic_movement" title="Charismatic movement">Charismatics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confessionalism_(religion)" title="Confessionalism (religion)">Confessionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confessing_Movement" title="Confessing Movement">Confessing Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convergence_Movement" title="Convergence Movement">Convergence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Growth" title="Church Growth">Church Growth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecumenism" title="Ecumenism">Ecumenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emerging_church" title="Emerging church">Emerging church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">Evangelicalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_fundamentalism" title="Christian fundamentalism">Fundamentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_church" title="High church">High church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Christianity" title="Liberal Christianity">Liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainline_Protestant" title="Mainline Protestant">Mainlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-charismatic_movement" title="Neo-charismatic movement">Neo-charismatics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-orthodoxy" title="Neo-orthodoxy">Neo-orthodoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Calvinism" title="New Calvinism">New Calvinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-orthodoxy" title="Paleo-orthodoxy">Paleo-orthodoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Christianity" title="Progressive Christianity">Progressivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_Christianity" title="Spiritual Christianity">Spiritual Christianity</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:Protestantism" title="Template:Protestantism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Protestantism" title="Template talk:Protestantism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Protestantism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Protestantism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hussitenkriege.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Hussitenkriege.tif/lossy-page1-260px-Hussitenkriege.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="367" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Hussitenkriege.tif/lossy-page1-390px-Hussitenkriege.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Hussitenkriege.tif/lossy-page1-520px-Hussitenkriege.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1990" data-file-height="2806" /></a><figcaption>Battle between Hussites (left) and <a href="/wiki/Crusades#Campaigns_against_heretics_and_schismatics" title="Crusades">Catholic crusaders</a> in the 15th century</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Bohemian_Realm_during_the_Hussite_Wars.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/The_Bohemian_Realm_during_the_Hussite_Wars.png/260px-The_Bohemian_Realm_during_the_Hussite_Wars.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/The_Bohemian_Realm_during_the_Hussite_Wars.png/390px-The_Bohemian_Realm_during_the_Hussite_Wars.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/The_Bohemian_Realm_during_the_Hussite_Wars.png/520px-The_Bohemian_Realm_during_the_Hussite_Wars.png 2x" data-file-width="3187" data-file-height="2456" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Lands_of_the_Bohemian_Crown" title="Lands of the Bohemian Crown">Lands of the Bohemian Crown</a> during the Hussite Wars. The movement began during the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a> in <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a> and quickly spread south and then through the rest of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Kingdom of Bohemia</a>. Eventually, it expanded into the remaining domains of the Bohemian Crown as well.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Hussites</b> (<a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a>: <i>Husité</i> or <i>Kališníci</i>, "Chalice People"; <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>: <i>Hussitae</i>) were a Czech <a href="/wiki/Proto-Protestantism" title="Proto-Protestantism">proto-Protestant</a> <a href="/wiki/Christian_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian movement">Christian movement</a> influenced by both the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Rite" title="Byzantine Rite">Byzantine Rite</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Wycliffe" title="John Wycliffe">John Wycliffe</a> that followed the teachings of reformer <a href="/wiki/Jan_Hus" title="Jan Hus">Jan Hus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Floruit" title="Floruit">fl.</a> 1401–1415), a part of the <a href="/wiki/Bohemian_Reformation" title="Bohemian Reformation">Bohemian Reformation</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Czech_lands" title="Czech lands">Czech lands</a> had originally been Christianized by <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Greek</a> missionaries <a href="/wiki/Saints_Cyril_and_Methodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Saints Cyril and Methodius">Saints Cyril and Methodius</a>, who introduced the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Rite" title="Byzantine Rite">Byzantine Rite</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonic" title="Old Church Slavonic">Old Church Slavonic</a> <a href="/wiki/Liturgical_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Liturgical language">liturgical language</a> and the Byzantine tradition of <a href="/wiki/Communion_under_both_kinds" title="Communion under both kinds">Communion in both kinds</a> administered by the <a href="/wiki/Spoon_(liturgy)" title="Spoon (liturgy)">holy spoon</a>. Over the centuries that followed, however, the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Rite" title="Roman Rite">Roman Rite</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_Latin" title="Ecclesiastical Latin">Ecclesiastical Latin</a>, which is less easily understood than Slavonic by native speakers of <a href="/wiki/Old_Czech" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Czech">Old Czech</a>, was imposed upon the <a href="/wiki/Czech_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Czech people">Czech people</a> despite considerable public resistance, by German-speaking bishops, beginning with <a href="/wiki/Wiching" title="Wiching">Wiching</a>, from the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>. (See also <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1zava_Monastery" title="Sázava Monastery">Sázava Monastery</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a cultural memory of both communion in both kinds and the <a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a> in a language closer to the <a href="/wiki/Vernacular" title="Vernacular">vernacular</a> is believed to have survived well into the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a>, the ideas of Jan Hus and others like him swiftly gained a wide public following. After the trial and execution of Hus at the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Constance" title="Council of Constance">Council of Constance</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a series of crusades, civil wars, victories and compromises between various factions with different theological agendas broke out. At the end of the <a href="/wiki/Hussite_Wars" title="Hussite Wars">Hussite Wars</a> (1420–1434), the now <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a>-supported <a href="/wiki/Utraquist" class="mw-redirect" title="Utraquist">Utraquist</a> side came out victorious from protracted conflict against <a href="/wiki/Jan_%C5%BDi%C5%BEka" title="Jan Žižka">Jan Žižka</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Taborites" title="Taborites">Taborites</a>, who embraced the more radical theological teachings of <a href="/wiki/John_Wycliffe" title="John Wycliffe">John Wycliffe</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Lollards" class="mw-redirect" title="Lollards">Lollards</a>, and became the dominant Hussite group in Bohemia. </p><p>Catholics and Utraquists were given legal equality in Bohemia after the <a href="/wiki/Religious_peace_of_Kutn%C3%A1_Hora" title="Religious peace of Kutná Hora">religious peace of Kutná Hora</a> in 1485. <a href="/wiki/Bohemia" title="Bohemia">Bohemia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moravia" title="Moravia">Moravia</a>, or what is now the territory of the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a>, remained majority Hussite for two centuries. <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism">Roman Catholicism</a> was only reimposed by the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand II</a> following the 1620 <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_White_Mountain" title="Battle of White Mountain">Battle of White Mountain</a> and during the <a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a>. </p><p>The Hussite tradition continues in the <a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravian Church</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unity_of_the_Brethren_(Texas)" title="Unity of the Brethren (Texas)">Unity of the Brethren</a> and, since the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_Austria-Hungary" title="Dissolution of Austria-Hungary">dissolution of Austria-Hungary</a>, by the re-founded <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Hussite_Church" title="Czechoslovak Hussite Church">Czechoslovak Hussite Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Nĕmec_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nĕmec-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The revived legacy of Sts <a href="/wiki/Cyril_and_Methodius" title="Cyril and Methodius">Cyril and Methodius</a> also continues in both the <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Church_of_the_Czech_Lands_and_Slovakia" title="Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia">Orthodox Church in the Czech Lands</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Exarchate_of_the_Greek_Catholic_Church_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Apostolic Exarchate of the Greek Catholic Church in the Czech Republic">Apostolic Exarchate of the Greek Catholic Church in the Czech Republic</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hussites&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Hussite movement began in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Kingdom of Bohemia</a> and quickly spread throughout the remaining <a href="/wiki/Lands_of_the_Bohemian_Crown" title="Lands of the Bohemian Crown">Lands of the Bohemian Crown</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Moravia" title="Moravia">Moravia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesia</a>. It also made inroads into the northern parts of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Kingdom of Hungary</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>), but was rejected and gained infamy for the plundering behaviour of the Hussite soldiers.<sup id="cite_ref-Spiesz_52_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spiesz_52-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kirschbaum_2005_48_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kirschbaum_2005_48-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were also very small temporary communities in <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_union" title="Polish–Lithuanian union">Poland-Lithuania</a> and <a href="/wiki/Transylvania" title="Transylvania">Transylvania</a> which moved to Bohemia after being confronted with religious intolerance. It was a regional movement that failed to expand farther. Hussites emerged as a majority <a href="/wiki/Utraquist" class="mw-redirect" title="Utraquist">Utraquist</a> movement with a significant <a href="/wiki/Taborite" class="mw-redirect" title="Taborite">Taborite</a> faction, and smaller regional ones that included <a href="/wiki/Adamites" title="Adamites">Adamites</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orebites" title="Orebites">Orebites</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sirotci" class="mw-redirect" title="Sirotci">Orphans</a>. </p><p>Major Hussite theologians included <a href="/wiki/Petr_Chel%C4%8Dick%C3%BD" title="Petr Chelčický">Petr Chelčický</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jerome_of_Prague" title="Jerome of Prague">Jerome of Prague</a>. A number of Czech national heroes were Hussite, including <a href="/wiki/Jan_%C5%BDi%C5%BEka" title="Jan Žižka">Jan Žižka</a>, who led a fierce resistance to five consecutive crusades proclaimed on Hussite Bohemia by the <a href="/wiki/Papacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Papacy">Papacy</a>. Hussites were one of the most important forerunners of the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a>. This predominantly religious movement was propelled by social issues and strengthened <a href="/wiki/Czechs" title="Czechs">Czech</a> national awareness. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hus's_death"><span id="Hus.27s_death"></span>Hus's death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hussites&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Hus's death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Jan_Hus" title="Jan Hus">Jan Hus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bohemian_Reformation" title="Bohemian Reformation">Bohemian Reformation</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muttich,_Kamil_Vladislav_-_Mistr_Jan_Hus_na_hranici_v_Kostnici_1415.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Muttich%2C_Kamil_Vladislav_-_Mistr_Jan_Hus_na_hranici_v_Kostnici_1415.jpg/200px-Muttich%2C_Kamil_Vladislav_-_Mistr_Jan_Hus_na_hranici_v_Kostnici_1415.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Muttich%2C_Kamil_Vladislav_-_Mistr_Jan_Hus_na_hranici_v_Kostnici_1415.jpg/300px-Muttich%2C_Kamil_Vladislav_-_Mistr_Jan_Hus_na_hranici_v_Kostnici_1415.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Muttich%2C_Kamil_Vladislav_-_Mistr_Jan_Hus_na_hranici_v_Kostnici_1415.jpg 2x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="456" /></a><figcaption>Execution of <a href="/wiki/Jan_Hus" title="Jan Hus">Jan Hus</a> (1415) that sparked outrage in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Kingdom of Bohemia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Constance" title="Council of Constance">Council of Constance</a> lured Jan Hus in with a letter of indemnity, then tried him for heresy and put him to death at the stake on 6 July 1415.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The arrest of Hus in 1414 caused considerable resentment in <a href="/wiki/Czech_lands" title="Czech lands">Czech lands</a>. The authorities of both countries appealed urgently and repeatedly to <a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor">King Sigismund</a> to release Jan Hus. </p><p>When news of his death at the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Constance" title="Council of Constance">Council of Constance</a> arrived, disturbances broke out, directed primarily against the <a href="/wiki/Clergy" title="Clergy">clergy</a> and especially against the monks. Even the Archbishop narrowly escaped from the effects of this popular anger. The treatment of Hus was felt to be a disgrace inflicted upon the whole country and his death was seen as a criminal act. King <a href="/wiki/Wenceslaus_IV_of_Bohemia" title="Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia">Wenceslaus IV.</a>, prompted by his grudge against Sigismund, at first gave free vent to his indignation at the course of events in <a href="/wiki/Konstanz" title="Konstanz">Constance</a>. His wife openly favoured the friends of Hus. Avowed Hussites stood at the head of the government. </p><p>A league was formed by certain lords,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (April 2011)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> who pledged themselves to protect the free preaching of the Gospel upon all their possessions and estates and to obey the power of the Bishops only where their orders accorded with the injunctions of the <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a>. The university would arbitrate any disputed points. The entire Hussite nobility joined the league. Other than verbal protest of the council's treatment of Hus, there was little evidence of any actions taken by the nobility until 1417. At that point several of the lesser nobility and some barons, signatories of the 1415 protest letter, removed Catholic priests from their parishes, replacing them with priests willing to give communion in both wine and bread. The chalice of wine became the central identifying symbol of the Hussite movement.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If the king had joined, its resolutions would have received the sanction of the law; but he refused, and approached the newly formed Roman Catholic League of lords, whose members pledged themselves to support the king, the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a>, and the council. The prospect of a civil war began to emerge. </p><p>Prior to becoming pope, <a href="/wiki/Martin_V" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin V">Martin V</a>, then known as Cardinal Otto of <a href="/wiki/Colonna,_Lazio" title="Colonna, Lazio">Colonna</a> had attacked Hus with relentless severity. He energetically resumed the battle against Hus's teaching after the enactments of the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Constance" title="Council of Constance">Council of Constance</a>. He wished to eradicate completely the doctrine of Hus, for which purpose the co-operation of King Wenceslaus had to be obtained.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1418, Sigismund succeeded in winning his brother over to the standpoint of the council by pointing out the inevitability of a religious war if the <a href="/wiki/Christian_heresy" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian heresy">heretics</a> in Bohemia found further protection.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Hussite statesmen and army leaders had to leave the country and Roman Catholic priests were reinstated. These measures caused a general commotion which hastened the death of King Wenceslaus by a paralytic stroke in 1419.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> His heir was Sigismund. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hussite_Wars_(1419–1434)"><span id="Hussite_Wars_.281419.E2.80.931434.29"></span>Hussite Wars (1419–1434)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hussites&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Hussite Wars (1419–1434)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Hussite_Wars" title="Hussite Wars">Hussite Wars</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Buch-kaiser-sigismund-L09740-26-lr-8.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Painting of battle between mounted knights" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Buch-kaiser-sigismund-L09740-26-lr-8.png/200px-Buch-kaiser-sigismund-L09740-26-lr-8.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Buch-kaiser-sigismund-L09740-26-lr-8.png/300px-Buch-kaiser-sigismund-L09740-26-lr-8.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Buch-kaiser-sigismund-L09740-26-lr-8.png/400px-Buch-kaiser-sigismund-L09740-26-lr-8.png 2x" data-file-width="1544" data-file-height="1997" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kratzau" title="Battle of Kratzau">Battle of Kratzau</a> between Hussites and Catholic forces led by Hans von Polenz</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wagenburg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Wagenburg.jpg/220px-Wagenburg.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Wagenburg.jpg/330px-Wagenburg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Wagenburg.jpg/440px-Wagenburg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="580" /></a><figcaption>The Hussite Wagenburg</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ussita_pavese_shield_Prag_Museum_1429.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Ussita_pavese_shield_Prag_Museum_1429.jpg/150px-Ussita_pavese_shield_Prag_Museum_1429.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Ussita_pavese_shield_Prag_Museum_1429.jpg/225px-Ussita_pavese_shield_Prag_Museum_1429.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Ussita_pavese_shield_Prag_Museum_1429.jpg 2x" data-file-width="284" data-file-height="367" /></a><figcaption>Recreation of Hussite <a href="/wiki/Pavise" title="Pavise">pavise</a> from an original in the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_(Prague)" title="National Museum (Prague)">Museum of Prague</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The news of the death of King Wenceslaus in 1419 produced a great commotion among the people of Prague. A revolution swept over the country: churches and monasteries were destroyed, and church property was seized by the Hussite nobility. It was then, and remained till much later, in question whether Bohemia was a hereditary or an elective monarchy, especially as the line through which Sigismund claimed the throne had accepted that the Kingdom of Bohemia was an elective monarchy elected by the nobles, and thus the regent of the kingdom (<a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cen%C4%9Bk_of_Wartenberg" title="Čeněk of Wartenberg">Čeněk of Wartenberg</a>) also explicitly stated that Sigismund had not been elected as reason for Sigismund's claim to not be accepted. Sigismund could get possession of "his" kingdom only by force of arms. Pope Martin V called upon Catholics of the West to take up arms against the Hussites, declaring a crusade, and <a href="/wiki/Hussite_Wars" title="Hussite Wars">twelve years of warfare</a> followed. </p><p>The Hussites initially campaigned defensively, but after 1427 they assumed the offensive. Apart from their religious aims, they fought for the national interests of the Czechs. The moderate and radical parties were united, and they not only repelled the attacks of the army of <a href="/wiki/Crusade" class="mw-redirect" title="Crusade">crusaders</a> but crossed the borders into neighboring countries. On March 23, 1430, <a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Arc" title="Joan of Arc">Joan of Arc</a> dictated a letter<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that threatened to lead a crusading army against the Hussites unless they returned to the Catholic faith, but her capture by English and Burgundian troops two months later would keep her from carrying out this threat. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Council_of_Basel_and_Compacta_of_Prague">Council of Basel and Compacta of Prague</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hussites&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Council of Basel and Compacta of Prague"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Basel" class="mw-redirect" title="Council of Basel">Council of Basel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Basel_Compacts" class="mw-redirect" title="Basel Compacts">Basel Compacts</a></div> <p>Eventually, the opponents of the Hussites found themselves forced to consider an amicable settlement. The Hussites were sent an invitation to attend the <a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_council" title="Ecumenical council">ecumenical</a> <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Basel" class="mw-redirect" title="Council of Basel">Council of Basel</a> on October 15, 1431.<sup id="cite_ref-Fudge_1998_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fudge_1998-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The discussions began on 10 January 1432, focusing chiefly on the four articles of <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>. No agreement emerged. After repeated negotiations between the Basel Council and Bohemia, a Bohemian–Moravian state assembly in Prague accepted the <i>"<a href="/wiki/Compacts_of_Basel" title="Compacts of Basel">Compactata</a>"</i> of Prague on 30 November 1433. The agreement granted communion in both kinds to all who desired it, but with the understanding that Christ was entirely present in each kind, though on the condition that the rest of the Hussite reforms would no longer be emphasised.<sup id="cite_ref-Fudge_1998_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fudge_1998-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Free preaching was granted conditionally: the Church hierarchy had to approve and place priests, and the power of the bishop must be considered. The article which prohibited the secular power of the clergy was almost reversed. </p><p>The Taborites refused to conform. The Calixtines united with the Roman Catholics and destroyed the Taborites at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lipany" title="Battle of Lipany">Battle of Lipany</a> on 30 May 1434.<sup id="cite_ref-Malcolm_Lambert_1992_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Malcolm_Lambert_1992-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From that time, the Taborites lost their importance, though the Hussite movement would continue in <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> for another five years, until the Royalist forces of Poland defeated the Polish Hussites at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grotniki" title="Battle of Grotniki">Battle of Grotniki</a>. The state assembly of <a href="/wiki/Jihlava" title="Jihlava">Jihlava</a> in 1436 confirmed the <i>"Compactata"</i> and gave them the sanction of law. This accomplished the reconciliation of Bohemia with Rome and the Western Church, and at last Sigismund obtained possession of the Bohemian crown.<sup id="cite_ref-Malcolm_Lambert_1992_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Malcolm_Lambert_1992-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His reactionary measures caused a ferment in the whole country, but he died in 1437. The state assembly in Prague rejected Wyclif's doctrine of the Lord's Supper, which was obnoxious to the <a href="/wiki/Utraquists" class="mw-redirect" title="Utraquists">Utraquists</a>, as heresy in 1444. Most of the Taborites now went over to the party of the Utraquists; the rest joined the "Brothers of the Law of Christ" (<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">"Unitas Fratrum"</i>) (see <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Moravian_Church" title="History of the Moravian Church">history of the Moravian Church</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hussite_Bohemia,_Luther_and_the_Reformation_(1434–1618)"><span id="Hussite_Bohemia.2C_Luther_and_the_Reformation_.281434.E2.80.931618.29"></span>Hussite Bohemia, Luther and the Reformation (1434–1618)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hussites&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Hussite Bohemia, Luther and the Reformation (1434–1618)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Reformation</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stevens_P._Maria_V%C3%ADt%C4%9Bzn%C3%A1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Stevens_P._Maria_V%C3%ADt%C4%9Bzn%C3%A1.jpg/200px-Stevens_P._Maria_V%C3%ADt%C4%9Bzn%C3%A1.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Stevens_P._Maria_V%C3%ADt%C4%9Bzn%C3%A1.jpg/300px-Stevens_P._Maria_V%C3%ADt%C4%9Bzn%C3%A1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Stevens_P._Maria_V%C3%ADt%C4%9Bzn%C3%A1.jpg/400px-Stevens_P._Maria_V%C3%ADt%C4%9Bzn%C3%A1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="504" data-file-height="787" /></a><figcaption>Painting celebrating the Catholic victory at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_White_Mountain" title="Battle of White Mountain">Battle of White Mountain</a> (1620). In the coming years, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Margraviate_of_Moravia" title="Margraviate of Moravia">Moravia</a> were <a href="/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation">converted</a> from <a href="/wiki/Hussitism" class="mw-redirect" title="Hussitism">Hussitism</a> to <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism">Roman Catholicism</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Habsburgs" class="mw-redirect" title="Habsburgs">Habsburgs</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1462, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_II" title="Pope Pius II">Pope Pius II</a> declared the <i>"Compacta"</i> null and void, prohibited communion in both kinds, and acknowledged King <a href="/wiki/George_of_Podebrady" class="mw-redirect" title="George of Podebrady">George of Podebrady</a> as king on condition that he would promise an unconditional harmony with the Roman Church. This he refused, leading to the <a href="/wiki/Bohemian%E2%80%93Hungarian_War_(1468%E2%80%931478)" title="Bohemian–Hungarian War (1468–1478)">Bohemian–Hungarian War (1468–1478)</a>. His successor, King <a href="/wiki/Ladislaus_II_of_Bohemia_and_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Ladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary">Vladislaus II</a>, favored the Roman Catholics and proceeded against some zealous clergymen of the Calixtines. The troubles of the Utraquists increased from year to year. In 1485, at the <a href="/wiki/Religious_peace_of_Kutn%C3%A1_Hora" title="Religious peace of Kutná Hora">Diet of Kutná Hora</a>, an agreement was made between the Roman Catholics and Utraquists that lasted for thirty-one years. It was only later, at the Diet of 1512, that the equal rights of both religions were permanently established. The appearance of <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a> was hailed by the Utraquist clergy, and Luther himself was astonished to find so many points of agreement between the doctrines of Hus and his own. But not all Utraquists approved of the German <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reformation">Reformation</a>; a schism arose among them, and many returned to the Roman doctrine, while other elements had organised the <i>"<a href="/wiki/Unitas_Fratrum" class="mw-redirect" title="Unitas Fratrum">Unitas Fratrum</a>"</i> already in 1457. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bohemian_Revolt_and_harsh_persecution_under_the_Habsburgs_(1618–1918)"><span id="Bohemian_Revolt_and_harsh_persecution_under_the_Habsburgs_.281618.E2.80.931918.29"></span>Bohemian Revolt and harsh persecution under the Habsburgs (1618–1918)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hussites&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Bohemian Revolt and harsh persecution under the Habsburgs (1618–1918)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Bohemian_Revolt" title="Bohemian Revolt">Bohemian Revolt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_White_Mountain" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the White Mountain">Battle of the White Mountain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a>, <a href="/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation">Counter-Reformation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anti-Protestantism" title="Anti-Protestantism">Anti-Protestantism</a>, and <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Moravian_Church" title="History of the Moravian Church">History of the Moravian Church</a></div> <p>Under Emperor <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian II</a>, the Bohemian state assembly established the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Confessio_Bohemica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Confessio Bohemica (page does not exist)">Confessio Bohemica</a>, upon which <a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutherans</a>, Reformed, and Bohemian Brethren agreed. From that time forward Hussitism began to die out. After the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_White_Mountain" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the White Mountain">Battle of White Mountain</a> on 8 November 1620 the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Faith</a> was re-established with vigour, which fundamentally changed the religious conditions of the <a href="/wiki/Czech_lands" title="Czech lands">Czech lands</a>. </p><p>Leaders and members of <a href="/wiki/Unitas_Fratrum" class="mw-redirect" title="Unitas Fratrum">Unitas Fratrum</a> were forced to choose to either leave the many and varied southeastern principalities of what was the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> (mainly <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bohemia" title="Bohemia">Bohemia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moravia" title="Moravia">Moravia</a> and parts of Germany and its many states), or to practice their beliefs secretly. As a result, members were forced underground and dispersed across northwestern Europe. The largest remaining communities of the Brethren were located in Lissa (<a href="/wiki/Leszno" title="Leszno">Leszno</a>) in Poland, which had historically strong ties with the Czechs, and in small, isolated groups in Moravia. Some, among them <a href="/wiki/Jan_Amos_Comenius" class="mw-redirect" title="Jan Amos Comenius">Jan Amos Comenius</a>, fled to western Europe, mainly the <a href="/wiki/Low_Countries" title="Low Countries">Low Countries</a>. A settlement of Hussites in <a href="/wiki/Herrnhut" title="Herrnhut">Herrnhut</a>, Saxony, now Germany, in 1722 caused the emergence of the <a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravian Church</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-Habsburg_era_and_modern_times_(1918–present)"><span id="Post-Habsburg_era_and_modern_times_.281918.E2.80.93present.29"></span>Post-Habsburg era and modern times (1918–present)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hussites&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Post-Habsburg era and modern times (1918–present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hussite_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Hussite_flag.svg/150px-Hussite_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Hussite_flag.svg/225px-Hussite_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Hussite_flag.svg/300px-Hussite_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1759" data-file-height="1173" /></a><figcaption>The modern Hussite flag</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravian Church</a>, <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Hussite_Church" title="Czechoslovak Hussite Church">Czechoslovak Hussite Church</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Unity_of_the_Brethren_(Texas)" title="Unity of the Brethren (Texas)">Unity of the Brethren (Texas)</a></div> <p>In 1918, as a result of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Czech_lands" title="Czech lands">Czech lands</a> regained independence from <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a> controlled by the <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburg monarchy</a> as <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> (due to Masaryk and Czechoslovak legions with Hussite tradition, in the name of the troops).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Today, the Hussite tradition is represented in the <a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravian Church</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unity_of_the_Brethren_(Texas)" title="Unity of the Brethren (Texas)">Unity of the Brethren</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Hussite_Church" title="Czechoslovak Hussite Church">Czechoslovak Hussite Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Nĕmec_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nĕmec-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Factions">Factions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hussites&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Factions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Hussites" title="Special:EditPage/Hussites">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Utraquism" title="Utraquism">Utraquism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taborites" title="Taborites">Taborites</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church#Jan_Hus_and_the_Bohemian_Reformation" title="Moravian Church">Moravian Church § Jan Hus and the Bohemian Reformation</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:592px;max-width:592px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:256px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Luther_und_Hus-Abendmahl.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Luther_und_Hus-Abendmahl.jpg/222px-Luther_und_Hus-Abendmahl.jpg" decoding="async" width="222" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Luther_und_Hus-Abendmahl.jpg/333px-Luther_und_Hus-Abendmahl.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Luther_und_Hus-Abendmahl.jpg/444px-Luther_und_Hus-Abendmahl.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1308" data-file-height="1508" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><i>Luther and Hus serving <a href="/wiki/Communion_under_both_kinds" title="Communion under both kinds">communion under both kinds</a> together</i>, an imaginary woodcut from <a href="/wiki/Electorate_of_Saxony" title="Electorate of Saxony">16th century Saxony</a> demonstrating the affinity of <a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutherans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moderate_Hussites" class="mw-redirect" title="Moderate Hussites">Moderate Hussites</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:181px;max-width:181px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:256px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jensky_kodex_Zizka.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Jensky_kodex_Zizka.jpg/179px-Jensky_kodex_Zizka.jpg" decoding="async" width="179" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Jensky_kodex_Zizka.jpg/269px-Jensky_kodex_Zizka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Jensky_kodex_Zizka.jpg/358px-Jensky_kodex_Zizka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1347" data-file-height="1932" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Jan_%C5%BDi%C5%BEka" title="Jan Žižka">Jan Žižka</a> leading troops of <a href="/wiki/Radical_Hussites" class="mw-redirect" title="Radical Hussites">Radical Hussites</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:181px;max-width:181px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:256px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jagie%C5%82%C5%82o_dispute.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Jagie%C5%82%C5%82o_dispute.JPG/179px-Jagie%C5%82%C5%82o_dispute.JPG" decoding="async" width="179" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Jagie%C5%82%C5%82o_dispute.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="210" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Hussite theologians dispute in the presence of King <a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_II_Jagie%C5%82%C5%82o" title="Władysław II Jagiełło">Władysław II Jagiełło</a> of Poland</div></div></div></div></div> <p>Hussitism organised itself during the years 1415–1419. Hussites were not a unitary movement, but a diverse one with multiple factions that held different views and opposed each other in the <a href="/wiki/Hussite_Wars" title="Hussite Wars">Hussite Wars</a>. From the beginning, there formed two parties, with a smaller number of people withdrawing from both parties around the pacifist <a href="/wiki/Petr_Chel%C4%8Dick%C3%BD" title="Petr Chelčický">Petr Chelčický</a>, whose teachings would form the foundation of the <a href="/wiki/Unitas_Fratrum" class="mw-redirect" title="Unitas Fratrum">Unitas Fratrum</a>. Hussites can be divided into: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moderate_Hussites" class="mw-redirect" title="Moderate Hussites">Moderate Hussites</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prague_Hussites" title="Prague Hussites">Prague Hussites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohemian_nobility" class="mw-redirect" title="Bohemian nobility">Bohemian Hussite nobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hussites_of_%C5%BDatec_and_Louny" title="Hussites of Žatec and Louny">Hussites of Žatec and Louny</a></li> <li>Other <a href="/wiki/Utraquists" class="mw-redirect" title="Utraquists">Utraquists</a>/<a href="/wiki/Calixtines" class="mw-redirect" title="Calixtines">Calixtines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_Hussites" class="mw-redirect" title="Radical Hussites">Radical Hussites</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taborites" title="Taborites">Taborites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orebites" title="Orebites">Orebites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adamites" title="Adamites">Adamites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirotci" class="mw-redirect" title="Sirotci">Orphans</a></li> <li>Other Radical Hussites</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Moderates">Moderates <span class="anchor" id="Four_Articles_of_Prague"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hussites&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Moderates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The more conservative Hussites (the moderate party, or <a href="/wiki/Utraquism" title="Utraquism">Utraquists</a>), who followed Hus more closely, sought to conduct reform while leaving the whole hierarchical and liturgical order of the Church untouched.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Their programme is contained in the Four Articles of <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>, which were written by <a href="/wiki/Jacob_of_Mies" title="Jacob of Mies">Jacob of Mies</a> and agreed upon in July 1420, promulgated in the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a>, and <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> languages. They can be summarised as follows: <sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Free preaching of the Word of God throughout the Kingdom of Bohemia and the Margravate of Moravia.</li> <li>Celebration of the <a href="/wiki/Communion_under_both_kinds" title="Communion under both kinds">communion under both kinds</a> (bread and wine to priests and <a href="/wiki/Laity" title="Laity">laity</a> alike)</li> <li>The removal of secular power from the clergy.</li> <li>Secular punishment for <a href="/wiki/Mortal_sins" class="mw-redirect" title="Mortal sins">mortal sins</a> among clergy and laity alike.</li></ul> <p>The views of the moderate Hussites were widely represented at the university and among the citizens of Prague; they were therefore called the Prague Party, but also Calixtines (Latin <i>calix</i> chalice) or <a href="/wiki/Utraquists" class="mw-redirect" title="Utraquists">Utraquists</a> (Latin <i>utraque</i> both), because they emphasized the second article of Prague, and the chalice became their emblem. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radicals">Radicals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hussites&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Radicals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The more radical parties, the <a href="/wiki/Taborites" title="Taborites">Taborites</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orebites" title="Orebites">Orebites</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sirot%C4%8D%C3%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Sirotčí">Orphans</a>, identified itself more boldly with the doctrines of <a href="/wiki/John_Wycliffe" title="John Wycliffe">John Wycliffe</a>, sharing his passionate hatred of the <a href="/wiki/Monasticism" title="Monasticism">monastic</a> clergy, and his desire to return the Church to its supposed condition during the time of the apostles. This required the removal of the existing hierarchy and the secularisation of ecclesiastical possessions. Above all they clung to Wycliffe's doctrine of the <a href="/wiki/Eucharist" title="Eucharist">Lord's Supper</a>, denying <a href="/wiki/Transubstantiation" title="Transubstantiation">transubstantiation</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and this is the principal point by which they are distinguished from the moderate party, the <a href="/wiki/Utraquism" title="Utraquism">Utraquists</a>. </p><p>The radicals preached the <i>"sufficientia legis Christi"</i>—the divine law (i.e. the <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a>) is the sole rule and canon for human society, not only in the church, but also in political and civil matters. They rejected therefore, as early as 1416, everything that they believed had no basis in the Bible, such as the <a href="/wiki/Veneration" title="Veneration">veneration</a> of saints and images, <a href="/wiki/Fasting" title="Fasting">fasts</a>, superfluous holidays, the oath, intercession for the dead, auricular <a href="/wiki/Confession_(religion)" title="Confession (religion)">Confession</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indulgence" title="Indulgence">indulgences</a>, the sacraments of <a href="/wiki/Confirmation" title="Confirmation">Confirmation</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_the_Sick" class="mw-redirect" title="Anointing of the Sick">Anointing of the Sick</a>, and chose their own priests. </p><p>The radicals had their gathering-places all around the country. Their first armed assault fell on the small town of Ústí, on the river Lužnice, south of Prague (today's <a href="/wiki/Sezimovo_%C3%9Ast%C3%AD" title="Sezimovo Ústí">Sezimovo Ústí</a>). However, as the place did not prove to be defensible, they settled in the remains of an older town upon a hill not far away and founded a new town, which they named <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1bor" title="Tábor">Tábor</a> (a play on words, as "Tábor" not only meant "camp" or "encampment" in <a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but is also the traditional name of the mountain on which Jesus was expected to return; see <a href="/wiki/Mark_13" title="Mark 13">Mark 13</a>); hence they were called Táborité (<a href="/wiki/Taborite" class="mw-redirect" title="Taborite">Taborites</a>). They comprised the essential force of the radical Hussites. </p><p>Their aim was to destroy the enemies of the law of God, and to defend his kingdom (which had been expected to come in a short time) by the sword. Their end-of-world visions did not come true. In order to preserve their settlement and spread their ideology, they waged bloody wars; in the beginning they observed a strict regime, inflicting the severest punishment equally for murder, as for less severe faults as adultery, perjury and <a href="/wiki/Usury" title="Usury">usury</a>, and also tried to apply rigid Biblical standards to the social order of the time. The Taborites usually had the support of the <a href="/wiki/Orebites" title="Orebites">Orebites</a> (later called Orphans), an eastern Bohemian sect of Hussitism based in <a href="/wiki/Hradec_Kr%C3%A1lov%C3%A9" title="Hradec Králové">Hradec Králové</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hussites&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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title="Hussite Bible">Hussite Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lollards" class="mw-redirect" title="Lollards">Lollards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Krava%C5%99" title="Pavel Kravař">Pavel Kravař</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restorationism" title="Restorationism">Restorationism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taborites" title="Taborites">Taborites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jistebnice_hymn_book" title="Jistebnice hymn book">Jistebnice hymn book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldensians" title="Waldensians">Waldensians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_wagon" title="War wagon">War wagon</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hussites&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDvornik1964" class="citation journal cs1">Dvornik, F. (1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/slavic-review/article/abs/significance-of-the-missions-of-cyril-and-methodius/BA6950F8E7B59143643C69310833AD20">"The Significance of the Missions of Cyril and Methodius"</a>. <i>Slavic Review</i>. <b>23</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">195–</span>211. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2492930">10.2307/2492930</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2492930">2492930</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:163378481">163378481</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slavic+Review&rft.atitle=The+Significance+of+the+Missions+of+Cyril+and+Methodius&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E195-%3C%2Fspan%3E211&rft.date=1964&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A163378481%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2492930%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2492930&rft.aulast=Dvornik&rft.aufirst=F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fjournals%2Fslavic-review%2Farticle%2Fabs%2Fsignificance-of-the-missions-of-cyril-and-methodius%2FBA6950F8E7B59143643C69310833AD20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHussites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (Oxford University Press 2005 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-280290-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-280290-3">978-0-19-280290-3</a>), article "Constance, Council of"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nĕmec-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nĕmec_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nĕmec_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nĕmec, Ludvík "The Czechoslovak heresy and schism: the emergence of a national Czechoslovak church," American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, 1975, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87169-651-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-87169-651-7">0-87169-651-7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Spiesz_52-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Spiesz_52_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Spiesz <i>et al.</i> 2006, p. 52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bartl 2002, p. 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kirschbaum_2005_48-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kirschbaum_2005_48_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kirschbaum 2005, p. 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Spiesz <i>et al.</i> 2006, p. 53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Klassen, "The Nobility and the Making of the Hussite Revolution" (<i>East European Quarterly</i>/Columbia University Press, 1978)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.joan-of-arc.org/joanofarc_letter_march_23_1430.html">"Joan of Arc's Letter to the Hussites (March 23, 1430)"</a>. <i>archive.joan-of-arc.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=archive.joan-of-arc.org&rft.atitle=Joan+of+Arc%27s+Letter+to+the+Hussites+%28March+23%2C+1430%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.joan-of-arc.org%2Fjoanofarc_letter_march_23_1430.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHussites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fudge_1998-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fudge_1998_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fudge_1998_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFudge1998" class="citation book cs1">Fudge, Thomas A. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/magnificentridef0000fudg"><i>The magnificent ride : the first reformation in Hussite Bohemia</i></a>. Internet Archive. Aldershot, Hants ; Brookfield, Vt. : Ashgate. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85928-372-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85928-372-1"><bdi>978-1-85928-372-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+magnificent+ride+%3A+the+first+reformation+in+Hussite+Bohemia&rft.pub=Aldershot%2C+Hants+%3B+Brookfield%2C+Vt.+%3A+Ashgate&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-1-85928-372-1&rft.aulast=Fudge&rft.aufirst=Thomas+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmagnificentridef0000fudg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHussites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Malcolm_Lambert_1992-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Malcolm_Lambert_1992_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Malcolm_Lambert_1992_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalcolm_Lambert1992" class="citation book cs1">Malcolm Lambert (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/medievalheresypo00lamb"><i>Medieval heresy</i></a>. Internet Archive. B. Blackwell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-631-17431-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-631-17431-8"><bdi>978-0-631-17431-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medieval+heresy&rft.pub=B.+Blackwell&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-631-17431-8&rft.au=Malcolm+Lambert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmedievalheresypo00lamb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHussites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">PRECLÍK, Vratislav. Masaryk a legie (Masaryk and legions), váz. kniha, 219 str., vydalo nakladatelství Paris Karviná, Žižkova 2379 (734 01 Karviná) ve spolupráci s Masarykovým demokratickým hnutím (Masaryk Democratic Movement), 2019, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-80-87173-47-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-80-87173-47-3">978-80-87173-47-3</a>, pp. 17–25, 33–45, 70–76, 159–184, 187–199</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSheldonSellersOlson1993" class="citation book cs1">Sheldon, Addison Erwin; Sellers, James Lee; Olson, James C. (1993). <i>Nebraska History, Volume 74</i>. Nebraska State Historical Society. p. 151.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nebraska+History%2C+Volume+74&rft.pages=151&rft.pub=Nebraska+State+Historical+Society&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Sheldon&rft.aufirst=Addison+Erwin&rft.au=Sellers%2C+James+Lee&rft.au=Olson%2C+James+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHussites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Utraquism’s faithfulness to the Prague <a href="/wiki/Use_(liturgy)" title="Use (liturgy)">Use</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman rite">Roman rite</a>…(was) an intentional symbol of Utraquism’s self-understanding as a continuing part of the Western Catholic Church." <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoletonVlhová-WörnerBílková2007" class="citation journal cs1">Holeton, David R.; Vlhová-Wörner, Hana; Bílková, Milena (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brrp.org/proceedings/brrp6/holeton_et_al.pdf">"The Trope Gregorius presul meritis in Bohemian Tradition: Its Origins, Development, Liturgical Function and Illustration"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Bohemian Reformation and Religious Practice</i>. <b>6</b>: <span class="nowrap">215–</span>246<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bohemian+Reformation+and+Religious+Practice&rft.atitle=The+Trope+Gregorius+presul+meritis+in+Bohemian+Tradition%3A+Its+Origins%2C+Development%2C+Liturgical+Function+and+Illustration&rft.volume=6&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E215-%3C%2Fspan%3E246&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Holeton&rft.aufirst=David+R.&rft.au=Vlhov%C3%A1-W%C3%B6rner%2C+Hana&rft.au=B%C3%ADlkov%C3%A1%2C+Milena&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brrp.org%2Fproceedings%2Fbrrp6%2Fholeton_et_al.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHussites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://johnhus.org/content/the-four-articles-of-prague/">"The Four Articles of Prague"</a>. <i>John Hus: Apostle of Truth</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=John+Hus%3A+Apostle+of+Truth&rft.atitle=The+Four+Articles+of+Prague&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjohnhus.org%2Fcontent%2Fthe-four-articles-of-prague%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHussites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCook1973" class="citation journal cs1">Cook, William R. (1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3164390">"John Wyclif and Hussite Theology 1415–1436"</a>. <i>Church History</i>. <b>42</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">335–</span>349. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3164390">10.2307/3164390</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0009-6407">0009-6407</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3164390">3164390</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Church+History&rft.atitle=John+Wyclif+and+Hussite+Theology+1415%E2%80%931436&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E335-%3C%2Fspan%3E349&rft.date=1973&rft.issn=0009-6407&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3164390%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3164390&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=William+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3164390&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHussites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProfous1957" class="citation book cs1">Profous, Antonín (1957). <i>Místní jména v Čechách: Jejich vznik, původní význam a změny; part 4, S–Ž</i>. Prague, Czechoslovakia: Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=M%C3%ADstn%C3%AD+jm%C3%A9na+v+%C4%8Cech%C3%A1ch%3A+Jejich+vznik%2C+p%C5%AFvodn%C3%AD+v%C3%BDznam+a+zm%C4%9Bny%3B+part+4%2C+S%E2%80%93%C5%BD&rft.place=Prague%2C+Czechoslovakia&rft.pub=Czechoslovak+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.date=1957&rft.aulast=Profous&rft.aufirst=Anton%C3%ADn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHussites" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hussites&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Michael Van Dussen and Pavel Soukup (eds.). 2020. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/view/title/26694">A Companion to the Hussites</a></i>. Brill.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Kaminsky" title="Howard Kaminsky">Kaminsky, H.</a> (1967) <i>A History of the Hussite Revolution</i> University of California Press: Los Angeles.</li> <li>Fudge, Thomas A. (1998) <i>The Magnificent Ride: The First Reformation in Hussite Bohemia</i>, Ashgate.</li> <li>Fudge, Thomas A. (2002) <i>The Crusade against Heretics in Bohemia</i>, Ashgate.</li> <li>Ondřej, Brodu, "Traktát mistra Ondřeje z Brodu o původu husitů" (<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">"Visiones Ioannis, archiepiscopi Pragensis, et earundem explicaciones, alias Tractatus de origine Hussitarum"</i>), Muzem husitského revolučního hnutí, Tábor, 1980, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/28333729">28333729</a> in <span class="languageicon">(in Latin)</span> with introduction in <span class="languageicon">(in Czech)</span></li> <li>Mathies, Christiane, "Kurfürstenbund und Königtum in der Zeit der Hussitenkriege: die kurfürstliche Reichspolitik gegen Sigmund im Kraftzentrum Mittelrhein," Selbstverlag der Gesellschaft für Mittelrheinische Kirchengeschichte, Mainz, 1978, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/05410832">05410832</a> in <span class="languageicon">(in German)</span></li> <li>Bezold, Friedrich von, "König Sigmund und die Reichskriege gegen die Husiten," G. Olms, Hildesheim, 1978, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-487-05967-3" title="Special:BookSources/3-487-05967-3">3-487-05967-3</a> in <span class="languageicon">(in German)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Denis" title="Ernest Denis">Denis, Ernest</a>, "Huss et la Guerre des Hussites," AMS Press, New York, 1978, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-404-16126-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-404-16126-X">0-404-16126-X</a> in <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></li> <li>Klassen, John (1998) "Hus, the Hussites, and Bohemia" in <i>New Cambridge Medieval History</i> Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.</li> <li>Macek, Josef, "Jean Huss et les Traditions Hussites: XVe–XIXe siècles," Plon, Paris, 1973, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/905875">905875</a> in <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hussites&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Hussites" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Special:Search/Hussites">Hussites</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070913000446/http://www.husmuzeum.cz/ger/default.htm">Hussite Museum, Tabor</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup 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class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Proto-Protestantism" title="Template:Proto-Protestantism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Proto-Protestantism" title="Template talk:Proto-Protestantism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Proto-Protestantism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Proto-Protestantism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Proto-Protestantism154" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Proto-Protestantism" title="Proto-Protestantism">Proto-Protestantism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">400–1100 AD</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Jovinian" title="Jovinian">Jovinian</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudius_of_Turin" title="Claudius of Turin">Claudius of Turin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottschalk_of_Orbais" title="Gottschalk of Orbais">Gottschalk of Orbais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratramnus" title="Ratramnus">Ratramnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berengar_of_Tours" title="Berengar of Tours">Berengar of Tours</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Sects and groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pataria" title="Pataria">Pataria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berengarians" title="Berengarians">Berengarians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WycliffeYeamesLollards_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="John Wycliffe giving his bible to his Lollard followers"><img alt="John Wycliffe giving his bible to his Lollard followers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/WycliffeYeamesLollards_01.jpg/150px-WycliffeYeamesLollards_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/WycliffeYeamesLollards_01.jpg/225px-WycliffeYeamesLollards_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/WycliffeYeamesLollards_01.jpg/300px-WycliffeYeamesLollards_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1100–1400 AD</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tanchelm" title="Tanchelm">Tanchelm</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Peter_of_Bruys" title="Peter of Bruys">Peter of Bruys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_of_Lausanne" title="Henry of Lausanne">Henry of Lausanne</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_of_Brescia" title="Arnold of Brescia">Arnold of Brescia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Waldo" title="Peter Waldo">Peter Waldo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mil%C3%AD%C4%8D_of_Krom%C4%9B%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%BE" title="Milíč of Kroměříž">Milíč of Kroměříž</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wycliffe" title="John Wycliffe">John Wycliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_of_Janov" title="Matthias of Janov">Matthias of Janov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsilius_of_Padua" title="Marsilius of Padua">Marsilius of Padua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Sects and groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arnoldists" title="Arnoldists">Arnoldists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldensians" title="Waldensians">Waldensians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lollardy" title="Lollardy">Lollardy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Strigolniki" title="Strigolniki">Strigolniki</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_of_God" title="Friends of God">Friends of God</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Petrobrusians" title="Petrobrusians">Petrobrusians</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1400–1500 AD</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="People22" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Hus" title="Jan Hus">Jan Hus</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jan_%C5%BDi%C5%BEka" title="Jan Žižka">Jan Žižka</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikul%C3%A1%C5%A1_of_Pelh%C5%99imov" title="Mikuláš of Pelhřimov">Mikuláš of Pelhřimov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petr_Chel%C4%8Dick%C3%BD" title="Petr Chelčický">Petr Chelčický</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_von_Goch" title="Johannes von Goch">Johannes von Goch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Ruchrat_von_Wesel" title="Johann Ruchrat von Wesel">Johann Ruchrat von Wesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wessel_Gansfort" title="Wessel Gansfort">Wessel Gansfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Lef%C3%A8vre_d%27%C3%89taples" title="Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples">Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Valla" title="Lorenzo Valla">Lorenzo Valla</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Girolamo_Savonarola" title="Girolamo Savonarola">Girolamo Savonarola</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_of_Prague" title="Luke of Prague">Luke of Prague</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Sects and groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bohemian_Reformation" title="Bohemian Reformation">Bohemian Reformation</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hussites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taborites" title="Taborites">Taborites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utraquism" title="Utraquism">Utraquism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Czech Brethren</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Piagnoni" title="Piagnoni">Piagnoni</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldcastle_Revolt" title="Oldcastle Revolt">Oldcastle Revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hussite_Wars" title="Hussite Wars">Hussite Wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compacts_of_Basel" title="Compacts of Basel">Compacts of Basel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_peace_of_Kutn%C3%A1_Hora" title="Religious peace of Kutná Hora">Peace of Kutná Hora</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9rindol_massacre" title="Mérindol massacre">Mérindol massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savoyard%E2%80%93Waldensian_wars" title="Savoyard–Waldensian wars">Savoyard–Waldensian wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piedmontese_Easter" title="Piedmontese Easter">Piedmontese Easter</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wycliffe_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="Wycliffe Bible">Wycliffe Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hussite_Bible" title="Hussite Bible">Hussite Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jistebnice_hymn_book" title="Jistebnice hymn book">Jistebnice hymn book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiae_Regimen" title="Ecclesiae Regimen">Ecclesiae Regimen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Conclusions_of_the_Lollards" title="Twelve Conclusions of the Lollards">Twelve Conclusions of the Lollards</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Triumph_of_the_Cross_(Girolamo_Savonarola)" class="mw-redirect" title="Triumph of the Cross (Girolamo Savonarola)">Triumph of the Cross (Girolamo Savonarola)</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Catharism_and_Protestantism" title="Comparison of Catharism and Protestantism">Comparison of Catharism and Protestantism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><i>Italics</i> indicate their inclusion to be controversial or disputed.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Beliefs_condemned_as_heretical_by_the_Catholic_Church_(list)405" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Beliefs_condemned_by_the_Catholic_Church" title="Template:Beliefs condemned by the Catholic Church"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Beliefs_condemned_by_the_Catholic_Church" title="Template talk:Beliefs condemned by the Catholic Church"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Beliefs_condemned_by_the_Catholic_Church" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Beliefs condemned by the Catholic Church"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Beliefs_condemned_as_heretical_by_the_Catholic_Church_(list)405" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Heresy_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Heresy in the Catholic Church">Beliefs condemned as heretical by the Catholic Church</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_heresies_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="List of heresies in the Catholic Church">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Classical_antiquity" title="Classical antiquity">Antiquity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adoptionism" title="Adoptionism">Adoptionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollinarism" title="Apollinarism">Apollinarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arianism" title="Arianism">Arianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anomoeanism" title="Anomoeanism">Anomoeanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-Arianism" title="Semi-Arianism">Semi-Arianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antidicomarianite" class="mw-redirect" title="Antidicomarianite">Antidicomarianites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audianism" title="Audianism">Audianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docetism" title="Docetism">Docetism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donatism" title="Donatism">Donatism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circumcellions" title="Circumcellions">Circumcellions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collyridianism" title="Collyridianism">Collyridianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dualistic_cosmology#In_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Dualistic cosmology">Dualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebionites" title="Ebionites">Ebionites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euchites" title="Euchites">Euchites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnosticism" title="Gnosticism">Gnosticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manichaeism" title="Manichaeism">Manichaeism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulicianism" title="Paulicianism">Paulicianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priscillianism" title="Priscillianism">Priscillianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naassenes" title="Naassenes">Naassenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ophites" title="Ophites">Ophites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sethianism" title="Sethianism">Sethianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentinianism" title="Valentinianism">Valentinianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iconoclasm" title="Iconoclasm">Iconoclasm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucifer_of_Cagliari" title="Lucifer of Cagliari">Luciferianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pneumatomachi" title="Pneumatomachi">Macedonianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcionism" title="Marcionism">Marcionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athinganoi" title="Athinganoi">Melchisedechians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabellianism" title="Sabellianism">Modalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchianism" title="Monarchianism">Monarchianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athinganoi" title="Athinganoi">Athinganoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modalistic_Monarchianism" title="Modalistic Monarchianism">Modalistic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monophysitism" title="Monophysitism">Monophysitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monothelitism" title="Monothelitism">Monothelitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montanism" title="Montanism">Montanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestorianism" title="Nestorianism">Nestorianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novatianism" title="Novatianism">Novatianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patripassianism" title="Patripassianism">Patripassianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelagianism" title="Pelagianism">Pelagianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Semipelagianism" class="mw-redirect" title="Semipelagianism">Semipelagianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pneumatomachi" title="Pneumatomachi">Pneumatomachians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denial_of_the_virgin_birth_of_Jesus" title="Denial of the virgin birth of Jesus">Psilanthropism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabellianism" title="Sabellianism">Sabellianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subordinationism" title="Subordinationism">Subordinationism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentinianism" title="Valentinianism">Valentinianism</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Titelkupfer_Index_librorum_prohibitorum.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="This 1711 illustration for the Index Librorum Prohibitorum depicts the Holy Ghost supplying the book burning fire."><img alt="This 1711 illustration for the Index Librorum Prohibitorum depicts the Holy Ghost supplying the book burning fire." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Titelkupfer_Index_librorum_prohibitorum.jpg/100px-Titelkupfer_Index_librorum_prohibitorum.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Titelkupfer_Index_librorum_prohibitorum.jpg/150px-Titelkupfer_Index_librorum_prohibitorum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Titelkupfer_Index_librorum_prohibitorum.jpg/200px-Titelkupfer_Index_librorum_prohibitorum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="1975" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arnoldists" title="Arnoldists">Arnoldism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogomilism" title="Bogomilism">Bogomilism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Church" title="Bosnian Church">Bosnian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catharism" title="Catharism">Catharism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conciliarism" title="Conciliarism">Conciliarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dulcinians" title="Dulcinians">Dulcinians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraticelli" title="Fraticelli">Fraticelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brethren_of_the_Free_Spirit" title="Brethren of the Free Spirit">Free Spirits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_of_Lausanne" title="Henry of Lausanne">Henricians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humiliati" title="Humiliati">Humiliati</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hussites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impanation" title="Impanation">Impanation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephines" title="Josephines">Josephines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lollardy" title="Lollardy">Lollardy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migetians" title="Migetians">Migetians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasagians" title="Pasagians">Pasagians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Adoptionism" title="Spanish Adoptionism">Spanish Adoptionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taborites" title="Taborites">Taborites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldensians" title="Waldensians">Waldensians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Early_modern_period" title="Early modern period">Early modernity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antinomianism" title="Antinomianism">Antinomianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consubstantiation" title="Consubstantiation">Consubstantiation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Febronianism" title="Febronianism">Febronianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallicanism" title="Gallicanism">Gallicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jansenism" title="Jansenism">Jansenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephinism" title="Josephinism">Josephinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantheism" title="Pantheism">Pantheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anabaptism" title="Anabaptism">Anabaptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arminianism" title="Arminianism">Arminianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvinism" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinism">Calvinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheranism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quietism_(Christian_philosophy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Quietism (Christian philosophy)">Quietism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Modern_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern history">Modernity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Americanism_(heresy)" title="Americanism (heresy)">Americanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_the_Lady_of_All_Nations" title="Community of the Lady of All Nations">Community of the Lady of All Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feeneyism" title="Feeneyism">Feeneyism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indifferentism" title="Indifferentism">Indifferentism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernism_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Modernism in the Catholic Church">Modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narco-saint" title="Narco-saint">Narco-saints</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maxim%C3%B3n" title="Maximón">Maximón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Muerte" title="Santa Muerte">Santa Muerte</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Positive_Christianity" title="Positive Christianity">Positive Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reincarnationism" class="mw-redirect" title="Reincarnationism">Reincarnationism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="background-color:gold;background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholic_Church" title="Portal:Catholic Church">Catholic Church portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Christianity965" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Christianity_footer" title="Template:Christianity 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class="mw-redirect" title="Prophets of Christianity">Prophets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Christians" title="Lists of Christians">Lists of Christians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_by_country" title="Christianity by country">By country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a><br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_religious_texts#Christianity" title="List of religious texts">(Scriptures)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_canon" title="Biblical canon">Canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foundations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_(congregation)" title="Church (congregation)">Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creed" title="Creed">Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_gospel" title="The gospel">Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Covenant" title="New Covenant">New Covenant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_tradition" title="Christian tradition">Christian tradition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_worship" title="Christian worship">Worship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity" title="History of Christianity">History</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Christianity" title="Timeline of Christianity">timeline</a>)<br />(<a href="/wiki/Spread_of_Christianity" title="Spread of Christianity">spread</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early<br />Christianity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">in Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus" title="Nativity of Jesus">Nativity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptism_of_Jesus" title="Baptism of Jesus">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Jesus" title="Ministry of Jesus">Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sermon_on_the_Mount" title="Sermon on the Mount">Sermon on the Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parables_of_Jesus" title="Parables of Jesus">Parables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracles_of_Jesus" title="Miracles of Jesus">Miracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Commandment" title="Great Commandment">Great Commandment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Commission" title="Great Commission">Great Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church fathers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Fathers" title="Apostolic Fathers">Apostolic fathers</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Great_Church" title="Great Church">Great Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_ante-Nicene_period" title="Christianity in the ante-Nicene period">Ante-Nicene period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_late_antiquity" title="Christianity in late antiquity">Late antiquity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great_and_Christianity" title="Constantine the Great and Christianity">Constantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_seven_ecumenical_councils" title="First seven ecumenical councils">First seven ecumenical councils</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea" title="First Council of Nicaea">Nicaea I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chalcedon" title="Council of Chalcedon">Chalcedon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_as_the_Roman_state_religion" title="Christianity as the Roman state religion">State church of the Roman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_biblical_canon" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian biblical canon">Christian biblical canon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Christianity in the Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_monasticism" title="Christian monasticism">Monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East%E2%80%93West_Schism" title="East–West Schism">East–West Schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investiture_Controversy" title="Investiture Controversy">Investiture Controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_the_Age_of_Discovery" title="Catholic Church and the Age of Discovery">Age of Discovery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_modern_era" title="Christianity in the modern era">Modern era</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auto-da-f%C3%A9" title="Auto-da-fé">Auto-da-fé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation">Catholic Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dechristianization_of_France_during_the_French_Revolution" title="Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_Islam" title="Christianity and Islam">Relations with Islam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_influences_on_the_Islamic_world" title="Christian influences on the Islamic world">Influences</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">Denominations</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations" title="List of Christian denominations">list</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations_by_number_of_members" title="List of Christian denominations by number of members">members</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Christianity" title="Western Christianity">Western</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Catholic_Church" title="Old Catholic Church">Old Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Catholicism" title="Independent Catholicism">Independent Catholic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Palmarian_Catholic_Church" title="Palmarian Catholic Church">Palmarian</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adventism" title="Adventism">Adventist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabaptism" title="Anabaptism">Anabaptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charismatic_Christianity" title="Charismatic Christianity">Charismatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">Evangelical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holiness_movement" title="Holiness movement">Holiness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Christianity" title="Reformed Christianity">Reformed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Rite_Orthodoxy" title="Western Rite Orthodoxy">Western Rite Orthodoxy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christianity" title="Eastern Christianity">Eastern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodox</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Church</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Churches" title="Oriental Orthodox Churches">Oriental Orthodox (Miaphysite)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_East" title="Church of the East">Church of the East (Nestorian)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Restorationism" title="Restorationism">Restorationist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saint movement</a></li> <li><span title="Tagalog-language text"><span lang="tl" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_ni_Cristo" title="Iglesia ni Cristo">Iglesia ni Cristo</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_theology" title="Christian theology">Theology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ablution_in_Christianity" title="Ablution in Christianity">Ablution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Christianity" title="Angels in Christianity">Angel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Born_again" title="Born again">Born again</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christology" title="Christology">Christology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_apathy" title="Divine apathy">Divine apathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiology" title="Ecclesiology">Ecclesiology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four_Marks_of_the_Church" title="Four Marks of the Church">Four marks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_of_Christ" title="Body of Christ">Body of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_true_church" title="One true church">One true church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_of_God" title="People of God">People of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_law" title="Canon law">Canon law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith_in_Christianity" title="Faith in Christianity">Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_man" title="Fall of man">Fall of man</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forbidden_fruit" title="Forbidden fruit">Forbidden fruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_of_Eden" title="Garden of Eden">Garden of Eden</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Judgement" class="mw-redirect" title="Last Judgement">Final Judgement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">God</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_the_Father" title="God the Father">Father</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_of_God_(Christianity)" title="Son of God (Christianity)">Son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Christianity" title="Holy Spirit in Christianity">Holy Spirit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_works" title="Good works">Good works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heaven_in_Christianity" title="Heaven in Christianity">Heaven</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hell_in_Christianity" title="Hell in Christianity">Hell</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_water" title="Holy water">Holy water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hygiene_in_Christianity" title="Hygiene in Christianity">Hygiene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_God_(Christianity)" title="Kingdom of God (Christianity)">Kingdom of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_liturgy" title="Christian liturgy">Liturgy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_liturgy" title="Catholic liturgy">Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_liturgy" title="Eastern Catholic liturgy">Eastern Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_worship" title="Eastern Orthodox worship">Eastern Orthodox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_liturgy" title="Protestant liturgy">Protestant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love" title="Love">Love</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Love_of_Christ" title="Love of Christ">of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_of_God" title="Love of God">of God</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariology" title="Mariology">Mariology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Theotokos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_mission" title="Christian mission">Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_monasticism" title="Christian monasticism">Monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortification_(theology)" title="Mortification (theology)">Mortification</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mortification_in_Catholic_theology" title="Mortification in Catholic theology">Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortification_of_the_flesh" title="Mortification of the flesh">Of the flesh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Covenant" title="New Covenant">New Covenant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicene_Creed" title="Nicene Creed">Nicene Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosaic_covenant" title="Mosaic covenant">Old Covenant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_the_Old_Covenant" title="Christian views on the Old Covenant">Views</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Original_sin" title="Original sin">Original sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penance" title="Penance">Penance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_prayer" title="Christian prayer">Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repentance" title="Repentance">Repentance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrament" title="Sacrament">Sacraments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharist" title="Eucharist">Eucharist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_marriage" title="Christian views on marriage">Marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confirmation" title="Confirmation">Confirmation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penance" title="Penance">Penance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_the_sick" title="Anointing of the sick">Anointing of the Sick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_orders" title="Holy orders">Holy orders</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">Salvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satan" title="Satan">Satan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_sin" title="Christian views on sin">Sin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eternal_sin" title="Eternal sin">Eternal sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortal_sin" title="Mortal sin">Mortal sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sins_that_cry_to_Heaven_for_Vengeance" title="Sins that cry to Heaven for Vengeance">Sins that cry to Heaven for Vengeance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_deadly_sins" title="Seven deadly sins">Seven deadly sins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venial_sin" title="Venial sin">Venial sin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_tradition" title="Sacred tradition">Tradition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_values" title="Christian values">Values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice" title="Vice">Vice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Works_of_mercy" title="Works of mercy">Works of mercy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_worship" title="Christian worship">Worship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_philosophy" title="Christian philosophy">Philosophy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natural_law" title="Natural law">Natural law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_ethics" title="Christian ethics">Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_science" title="Christianity and science">Science</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rejection_of_evolution_by_religious_groups" title="Rejection of evolution by religious groups">Evolution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_politics" title="Christianity and politics">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_mortgage" title="Social mortgage">Social mortgage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_destination_of_goods" title="Universal destination of goods">Universal destination of goods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_poverty_and_wealth" title="Christian views on poverty and wealth">Views on poverty and wealth</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Option_for_the_poor" title="Option for the poor">Option for the poor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_worldview" title="Christian worldview">Worldview</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other<br />features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_culture" title="Christian culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_alcohol" title="Christian views on alcohol">Alcohol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_architecture" title="Church architecture">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_cathedrals_and_great_churches" title="Architecture of cathedrals and great churches">Architecture of cathedrals and great churches</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_art" title="Christian art">Art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Depiction_of_Jesus" title="Depiction of Jesus">Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_art_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Marian art in the Catholic Church">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Trinity_in_art" title="The Trinity in art">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_the_Father_in_Western_art" title="God the Father in Western art">God the Father</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Christian_art" title="Holy Spirit in Christian art">Holy Spirit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atonement" title="Atonement">Atonement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_(building)" title="Church (building)">Church buildings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_cathedrals" title="Lists of cathedrals">Lists of cathedrals</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifix" title="Crucifix">Crucifix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupio_dissolvi" title="Cupio dissolvi">Cupio dissolvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelism" title="Evangelism">Evangelism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catechesis" title="Catechesis">Catechesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catechism" title="Catechism">Catechism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Priesthood in the Catholic Church">Catholic priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Folk Christianity">Folk Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open-air_preaching" title="Open-air preaching">Open-air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastor" title="Pastor">Pastor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fallen_woman" title="Fallen woman">Fallen woman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magdalene_asylum" class="mw-redirect" title="Magdalene asylum">Magdalene asylum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Flag" title="Christian Flag">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flagellant" title="Flagellant">Flagellant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forgiveness" title="Forgiveness">Forgiveness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_literature" title="Christian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_marriage" title="Christian views on marriage">Marriage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Marriage in the Catholic Church">Catholic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_music" title="Christian music">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chant" title="Chant">Chant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choir" title="Choir">Choir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_music" title="Gospel music">Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymn" title="Hymn">Hymn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Introit" title="Introit">Introit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Christian_music" title="Contemporary Christian music">Pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalm" class="mw-redirect" title="Psalm">Psalm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Requiem" title="Requiem">Requiem</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_mythology" title="Christian mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_pilgrimage" title="Christian pilgrimage">Pilgrimage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_piety" title="Popular piety">Popular piety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redemptive_suffering" title="Redemptive suffering">Redemptive suffering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_Christianity_in_civilization" title="Role of Christianity in civilization">Role in civilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-flagellation" title="Self-flagellation">Self-flagellation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sign_of_the_cross" title="Sign of the cross">Sign of the cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_symbolism" title="Christian symbolism">Symbolism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_movements" title="List of Christian movements">Movements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crusading_movement" title="Crusading movement">Crusading movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_anarchism" title="Christian anarchism">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a 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love">Religious views on love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_Christianity_in_civilization" title="Role of Christianity in civilization">Role of Christianity in civilization</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianization" title="Christianization">Christianization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Christians" title="Cultural Christians">Cultural Christians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spread_of_Christianity" title="Spread of Christianity">Spread</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unlimited_atonement" title="Unlimited atonement">Unlimited atonement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_homosexuality" title="Christianity and homosexuality">Views on homosexuality</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" 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