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class="mw-page-title-main">Rachid Yazami</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Moroccan scientist (born 1953)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid 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<small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-BLP_sources plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-BLP_sources" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This <a 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.infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Rachid Yazami</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Rachid_Yazami_2011.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Rachid_Yazami_2011.JPG/220px-Rachid_Yazami_2011.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Rachid_Yazami_2011.JPG/330px-Rachid_Yazami_2011.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Rachid_Yazami_2011.JPG/440px-Rachid_Yazami_2011.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2939" data-file-height="3121" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Rachid Yazami in 2011</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1953-04-16</span>) </span>16 April 1953<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 71)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Fes,_Morocco" class="mw-redirect" title="Fes, Morocco">Fes, Morocco</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">Moroccan / French</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data">Grenoble Institute of Technology</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">graphite anode in lithium-ion batteries, graphite cathode in fluoride ion batteries</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data">IEEE Medal for Environmental and Safety Technologies 2012, Draper Prize 2014, Royal Medal (Morocco) 2014, Legion of honour 2016, Takreem Award for Scientific Innovation and Technology (Kuwait City, 2018), Arab Investor Forum Award in Green Applications (UNESCO, Paris, 2019), The Mohammed bin Rashid Medal for Scientific Excellence and for Life Achievement (Dubai, 2020), The VinFuture Grand Prize (Hanoi, 2023)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Rachid Yazami</b> (Arabic: رشيد اليزمي ; born 1953) is a Moroccan scientist, engineer, and inventor. He is best known for his critical role in the development of the <a href="/wiki/Graphite" title="Graphite">graphite</a> <a href="/wiki/Anode" title="Anode">anode</a> (negative pole) for <a href="/wiki/Lithium-ion_battery" title="Lithium-ion battery">lithium-ion batteries</a> and his research on <a href="/wiki/Fluoride_battery" title="Fluoride battery">fluoride ion batteries.</a><sup id="cite_ref-ieee_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ieee-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rachid_Yazami&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yazami graduated from the <a href="/wiki/Grenoble_Institute_of_Technology" title="Grenoble Institute of Technology">Grenoble Institute of Technology</a> in 1978. He also received a <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">PhD</a> degree in 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Battery_research">Battery research</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rachid_Yazami&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Battery research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yazami's research project included a study of <a href="/wiki/Graphite_intercalation_compound" title="Graphite intercalation compound">graphite intercalation compounds</a> for <a href="/wiki/Lithium_battery" title="Lithium battery">lithium battery</a> applications. In 1985, he joined the <a href="/wiki/French_National_Centre_for_Scientific_Research" title="French National Centre for Scientific Research">French National Centre for Scientific Research</a> (CNRS) as a research associate. He was later promoted to the position of research director and professor in 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1980, Yazami was the first scientist to establish the reversible intercalation of <a href="/wiki/Lithium" title="Lithium">lithium</a> into graphite in an <a href="/wiki/Electrochemistry" title="Electrochemistry">electrochemical</a> cell using a <a href="/wiki/Polymer_electrolyte" class="mw-redirect" title="Polymer electrolyte">polymer electrolyte</a>. Eventually, his discovery led to the lithium-graphite <a href="/wiki/Anode" title="Anode">anode</a> which is now used in commercial lithium-ion <a href="/wiki/Battery_(electricity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battery (electricity)">batteries</a>, a product with over $80 billion in market value. Yazami also worked on other forms of graphite materials for <a href="/wiki/Cathode" title="Cathode">cathode</a> applications in lithium batteries, including <a href="/wiki/Graphite_oxide" title="Graphite oxide">graphite oxide</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carbon_monofluoride" title="Carbon monofluoride">graphite fluoride</a>. In 2007, he founded a start-up company in California to develop and commercialize his patented discoveries, particularly on fluoride ion batteries (FIBs).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>While holding a research director position with the CNRS in France, Yazami served as a visiting associate at the <a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology" title="California Institute of Technology">California Institute of Technology</a> between 2000 and 2010. There, he conducted cooperative research on electrode materials, including <a href="/wiki/Nanostructure" title="Nanostructure">nanostructured</a> materials like carbon nanotubes, nano-silicon, and nano-germanium anodes. His research on cathode materials included <a href="/wiki/Thermodynamics" title="Thermodynamics">thermodynamics</a> studies of phase transitions in lithiated transition metal oxides and phosphates. He also developed a new electrochemical technique based on thermodynamics measurements (ETM), which can be applied to assessing a battery's state of charge, state of health, and state of safety. Entropymetery<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Technical_language" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style"><span title="The material near this tag may be using jargon that limits the article's accessibility. (May 2021)">jargon</span></a></i>]</sup> applications include battery life extension owing to adaptive (smart) battery charging protocols and battery safety enhancement.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 2010, Yazami was appointed a Nanyang Visiting Professor. He was promoted in 2012 to the Cheng Tsang Man Chair Professor in Energy at the School of Materials Science and Engineering of the <a href="/wiki/Nanyang_Technological_University" title="Nanyang Technological University">Nanyang Technological University</a> (NTU) in Singapore. He served as the Director of Battery Programs at the Energy Research Institute (ERIAN) and as a Co-Principal Investigator in TUM Create Center of Electromobility lab. until 2017-18. While in Singapore, Yazami co-authored over 200 publications in peer-reviewed journals, in proceedings of international meetings, and as book chapters. He is the inventor involved in close to 180 patents according to the <a href="/wiki/WIPO" class="mw-redirect" title="WIPO">WIPO</a> site. </p><p>From his recent experimental work, Yazami theorized that in a sealed rechargeable battery cell (closed system), such as a lithium-ion battery, two different states of charge of the battery cannot simultaneously share the same entropy and the same enthalpy values, a statement referred to as the "Yazami's Battery Theorem." The theorem can be expressed as: </p><p>(∆S(x<sub>1</sub>)=∆S(x<sub>2</sub>)) and (∆H(x<sub>1</sub>)=∆H(x<sub>2</sub>))⇔ x<sub>1</sub>=x<sub>2</sub> , where x<sub>1</sub>, x<sub>2</sub> are two states of charge, ∆S= entropy, ∆H= enthalpy In fact, Yazami established a more universal (empirical) law that applies to primary and rechargeable batteries, that is the state of charge is a linear function of entropy and enthalpy. SOC=α+β∆S+γ∆H, in which α, β and γ coefficients depend on the cell' chemistry and state of health. This equation is reminiscent of <a href="/wiki/Gibbs_free_energy" title="Gibbs free energy">Gibbs free energy</a>. Yazami also developed a new method based on entropymetry to detect an early stage of an internal short circuit within a battery cell, therefore making batteries safer. An internal short is the main root cause of a battery undergoing a thermal runaway involving fume, fire and explosion. More recently, Yazami invented a new method enabling ultra-fast charging (UFC) lithium ion batteries in 10 minutes and below. The method was coined by him as "Non-linear voltammetry" (NLV). UFC is critical for rapid deployment of electric vehicles. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_writing">Awards and writing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rachid_Yazami&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Awards and writing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yazami is the co-author involved in over 250 published papers and the co-inventor of about 160 patents related to lithium primary and rechargeable batteries and on new battery chemistry based on fluoride ion. He served as the President of the International Battery Association (IBA) and as a Member of the International Scientific Advisory Board of several international meetings, including the International Meetings on Lithium Batteries (IMLB). Yazami is the recipient of several research awards, including NATO (Science for Peace Award), NASA (two Technical Innovation Awards), IBA (Research Award), and the Hawaii Battery Conference. He is the main Founder of CFX Battery, Inc. (now Contour Energy Systems, Inc.) a Caltech-CNRS start-up company in <a href="/wiki/Azusa,_California" title="Azusa, California">Azusa, California</a> and of KVI PTE LTD in Singapore. Yazami is the winner of 2012 <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineers" title="Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers">Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</a> <a href="/wiki/IEEE_Medal_for_Environmental_and_Safety_Technologies" title="IEEE Medal for Environmental and Safety Technologies">IEEE Medal for Environmental and Safety Technologies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ieee_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ieee-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, Rachid Yazami, <a href="/wiki/John_Goodenough" class="mw-redirect" title="John Goodenough">John Goodenough</a>, Yoshio Nishi, and <a href="/wiki/Akira_Yoshino" title="Akira Yoshino">Akira Yoshino</a> were awarded the <a href="/wiki/Draper_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="Draper Prize">Draper Prize</a> by The <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Engineering" title="National Academy of Engineering">National Academy of Engineering</a> for pioneering and leading the groundwork for today’s lithium-ion battery. The prize, which was then in its 25th year, includes a $500,000 award.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same year, Yazami was a finalist of the <a href="/wiki/Global_Energy_Prize" title="Global Energy Prize">Global Energy Award</a> (Russia, 2014).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2014, Rachid Yazami was appointed by HM the King of Morocco a Corresponding Member of the <a href="/wiki/Hassan_II_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Technologies" title="Hassan II Academy of Sciences and Technologies">Hassan II Academy of Sciences and Technologies</a> of Morocco. </p><p>Yazami received the Royal Medal (Wissam Malaki) of Intellectual Competency from HM the King of Morocco Mohamed VI, during Throne Day on 30 July 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2016, Rachid Yazami received an award as a finalist of the Marius Lavet Prize of Inventing-Engineers in Paris, France. </p><p>On 14 July 2016 Yazami was awarded the title of Chevalier de la <a href="/wiki/Legion_of_honor" class="mw-redirect" title="Legion of honor">Legion of honor</a> of France.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2017, he received the Honors Award of the Moroccans of the World. </p><p>In November 2018, Yazami was the recipient of the Takreem Award for Science and Technological Achievement considered as the Arab Scientist of the year.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2019, Yazami received the Arab Investor Award in the “Green Application” category.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2020, Yazami won the Mohammed bin Rashid Medal for Scientific Excellence in the UAE.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020 Yazami was offered the position of visiting professor at the Private University of Fes (Morocco) </p><p>In 2021 Yazami was appointed a member of the New Energy Council of Reliance Industries Limited, India </p><p>In 2021 Yazami was appointed President of the Scientific Board of the Moroccan Institute of Advanced Studies. </p><p>In February 2022, Yazami was appointed a visiting scholar in chemistry at the California Institute of Technology. </p><p>In December 2023, Yazami was awarded the <a href="/wiki/VinFuture_Prize" title="VinFuture Prize">VinFuture Grand Prize</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>, along with <a href="/wiki/M._Stanley_Whittingham" title="M. Stanley Whittingham">M. Stanley Whittingham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Green_(professor)" title="Martin Green (professor)">Martin Green</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Akira_Yoshino" title="Akira Yoshino">Akira Yoshino</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2023_VinFuture_Prize_VNE_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023_VinFuture_Prize_VNE-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nobel_Prize_omission">Nobel Prize omission</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rachid_Yazami&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Nobel Prize omission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In October 2019, his co-invention of the lithium-ion battery was honored with the 2019 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Nobel Prize in Chemistry</a>. However, Yazami himself was omitted from the award, which was instead given to <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Whittingham" class="mw-redirect" title="Stanley Whittingham">Stanley Whittingham</a>, John Goodenough, and Akira Yoshino. The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences">Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences</a> awarded Goodenough and Whittingham for their cathodes and Yoshino for the first working prototype but omitted the importance of the working graphite anode invented by Yazami. Due to the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a>'s limitation of up to three recipients, Yazami believes the committee had to make a difficult decision between Whittingham and himself. He nevertheless congratulated the three recipients of the prize.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rachid_Yazami&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ieee-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ieee_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ieee_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190325040102/https://www.ieee.org/about/awards/bios/environmental-safety-recipients.html">"IEEE Medal for Environmental and Safety Technologies Recipients"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IEEE_Medal_for_Environmental_and_Safety_Technologies" title="IEEE Medal for Environmental and Safety Technologies">IEEE Medal for Environmental and Safety Technologies</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineers" title="Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers">Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Awards&rft.atitle=Corporate+Awards&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcorporate-awards.ieee.org%2Fcorporate-awards%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARachid+Yazami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.utexas.edu/news/2014/01/06/goodenough-wins-highest-engineering-honor/">"Lithium Ion Battery Pioneers Receive Draper Prize, Engineering’s Top Honor"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150403071924/http://www.utexas.edu/news/2014/01/06/goodenough-wins-highest-engineering-honor">Archived</a> 2015-04-03 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>University of Texas</i>, Jan. 6, 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rcre.mcut.edu.tw/p/405-1034-24686,c6051.php?Lang=en">"Professor Rachid Yazami from Nanyang Technological University Singapore Visiting Ming Chin University of Technology Taiwan"</a>. <i>rcre.mcut.edu.tw</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rcre.mcut.edu.tw&rft.atitle=Professor+Rachid+Yazami+from+Nanyang+Technological+University+Singapore+Visiting+Ming+Chin+University+of+Technology+Taiwan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frcre.mcut.edu.tw%2Fp%2F405-1034-24686%2Cc6051.php%3FLang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARachid+Yazami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://erian.ntu.edu.sg/aboutus/organisation/PD/Pages/Rachid-Yazami.aspx">"Rachid Yazami - Nanyang technological university"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rachid+Yazami+-+Nanyang+technological+university&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ferian.ntu.edu.sg%2Faboutus%2Forganisation%2FPD%2FPages%2FRachid-Yazami.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARachid+Yazami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff_Writer" class="citation web cs1">Staff Writer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/public/2014/07/135706/moroccan-scientist-rachid-yazami-decorated-by-king-mohammed-vi">"Moroccan Scientist Rachid Yazami Decorated by King Mohammed VI"</a>. <i>moroccoworldnews.com/</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=moroccoworldnews.com%2F&rft.atitle=Moroccan+Scientist+Rachid+Yazami+Decorated+by+King+Mohammed+VI&rft.au=Staff+Writer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.moroccoworldnews.com%2Fpublic%2F2014%2F07%2F135706%2Fmoroccan-scientist-rachid-yazami-decorated-by-king-mohammed-vi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARachid+Yazami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160803110935/http://www.legiondhonneur.fr/sites/default/files/lh20160714.pdf">Legion of honor page</a> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.takreem.net/">"Takreem | A better image of the Arab world"</a>. <i>www.takreem.net</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.takreem.net&rft.atitle=Takreem+%26%23124%3B+A+better+image+of+the+Arab+world&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.takreem.net%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARachid+Yazami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKasraoui2018" class="citation news cs1">Kasraoui, Safaa (20 November 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2018/11/258223/moroccan-inventor-rachid-yazami-scientific-innovation-award/">"Moroccan Inventor Rachid Yazami Wins Scientific Innovation Award"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Morocco_World_News" title="Morocco World News">Morocco World News</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Morocco+World+News&rft.atitle=Moroccan+Inventor+Rachid+Yazami+Wins+Scientific+Innovation+Award&rft.date=2018-11-20&rft.aulast=Kasraoui&rft.aufirst=Safaa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.moroccoworldnews.com%2F2018%2F11%2F258223%2Fmoroccan-inventor-rachid-yazami-scientific-innovation-award%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARachid+Yazami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKasraoui2019" class="citation web cs1">Kasraoui, Safaa (18 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2019/09/282863/moroccan-scientist-rachid-yazami-arab-investor-award-paris/">"Moroccan Scientist Rachid Yazami Receives Arab Investor Award in Paris"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Moroccan+Scientist+Rachid+Yazami+Receives+Arab+Investor+Award+in+Paris&rft.date=2019-09-18&rft.aulast=Kasraoui&rft.aufirst=Safaa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.moroccoworldnews.com%2F2019%2F09%2F282863%2Fmoroccan-scientist-rachid-yazami-arab-investor-award-paris%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARachid+Yazami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKasraoui2020" class="citation web cs1">Kasraoui, Safaa (5 February 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2020/02/292822/moroccan-scientist-rachid-yazami-scoops-another-award-in-uae/">"Moroccan Scientist Rachid Yazami Scoops Another Award in UAE"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Moroccan+Scientist+Rachid+Yazami+Scoops+Another+Award+in+UAE&rft.date=2020-02-05&rft.aulast=Kasraoui&rft.aufirst=Safaa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.moroccoworldnews.com%2F2020%2F02%2F292822%2Fmoroccan-scientist-rachid-yazami-scoops-another-award-in-uae%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARachid+Yazami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2023_VinFuture_Prize_VNE-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2023_VinFuture_Prize_VNE_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNhu2023" class="citation web cs1">Nhu, Quynh (21 December 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://e.vnexpress.net/news/news/battery-researchers-win-3m-vietnamese-awards-4691489.html">"Battery researchers win $3M Vietnamese awards"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/VnExpress" title="VnExpress">VnExpress</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=VnExpress&rft.atitle=Battery+researchers+win+%243M+Vietnamese+awards.&rft.date=2023-12-21&rft.aulast=Nhu&rft.aufirst=Quynh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fe.vnexpress.net%2Fnews%2Fnews%2Fbattery-researchers-win-3m-vietnamese-awards-4691489.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARachid+Yazami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpurgeon2019" class="citation news cs1">Spurgeon, Susanna (10 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2019/10/284390/chemistry-nobel-lithium-battery-scientists-rachid-yazami/">"Chemistry Nobel Goes to Lithium Battery Scientists, Omits Rachid Yazami"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Morocco_World_News" title="Morocco World News">Morocco World News</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Morocco+World+News&rft.atitle=Chemistry+Nobel+Goes+to+Lithium+Battery+Scientists%2C+Omits+Rachid+Yazami&rft.date=2019-10-10&rft.aulast=Spurgeon&rft.aufirst=Susanna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.moroccoworldnews.com%2F2019%2F10%2F284390%2Fchemistry-nobel-lithium-battery-scientists-rachid-yazami%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARachid+Yazami" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/sciences/article/2019/10/09/le-nobel-de-chimie-recompense-un-americain-un-britannique-et-un-japonais-pour-leurs-travaux-sur-les-batteries-au-lithium_6014824_1650684.html">"Le prix Nobel de chimie récompense trois chercheurs pour leurs travaux sur les batteries au lithium"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde">Le Monde</a></i> (in French). 9 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Stark Draper Prize">Charles Stark Draper Prize</a> recipients</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Kilby" title="Jack Kilby">Jack Kilby</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Noyce" title="Robert Noyce">Robert Noyce</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Whittle" title="Frank Whittle">Frank Whittle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hans_von_Ohain" title="Hans von Ohain">Hans von Ohain</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Backus" title="John Backus">John Backus </a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Pierce" title="John R. Pierce">John R. Pierce</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harold_A._Rosen" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold A. Rosen">Harold A. Rosen</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Haensel" title="Vladimir Haensel">Vladimir Haensel</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_K._Kao" title="Charles K. Kao">Charles K. Kao</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_D._Maurer" title="Robert D. Maurer">Robert D. Maurer</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_B._MacChesney" title="John B. MacChesney">John B. MacChesney</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vinton_Cerf" class="mw-redirect" title="Vinton Cerf">Vinton Cerf</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bob_Kahn" class="mw-redirect" title="Bob Kahn">Bob Kahn</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Kleinrock" title="Leonard Kleinrock">Leonard Kleinrock</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_G._Roberts" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence G. Roberts">Lawrence G. Roberts</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Langer" title="Robert S. Langer">Robert Langer</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Getting" title="Ivan Getting">Ivan Getting</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bradford_Parkinson" title="Bradford Parkinson">Bradford Parkinson</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Kay" title="Alan Kay">Alan Kay </a> / <a href="/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson">Butler Lampson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Taylor_(computer_scientist)" title="Robert Taylor (computer scientist)">Robert Taylor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_P._Thacker" title="Charles P. Thacker">Charles P. Thacker</a> (2004)</li> <li>Minoru S. Araki / Francis J. Madden / Edward A. Miller / <a href="/wiki/James_W._Plummer" title="James W. Plummer">James W. Plummer</a> / Don H. Schoessler (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willard_Boyle" title="Willard Boyle">Willard Boyle</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_E._Smith" title="George E. Smith">George E. Smith</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_E._K%C3%A1lm%C3%A1n" title="Rudolf E. Kálmán">Rudolf E. Kálmán</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Dennard" title="Robert H. Dennard">Robert H. Dennard</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Arnold" title="Frances Arnold">Frances Arnold</a> / <a href="/wiki/Willem_P._C._Stemmer" title="Willem P. C. Stemmer">Willem P. C. Stemmer</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Heilmeier" title="George H. Heilmeier">George H. Heilmeier</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Helfrich" title="Wolfgang Helfrich">Wolfgang Helfrich</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Schadt" title="Martin Schadt">Martin Schadt</a> / <a href="/wiki/T._Peter_Brody" title="T. Peter Brody">T. Peter Brody</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Haug" title="Thomas Haug">Thomas Haug</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Cooper_(inventor)" title="Martin Cooper (inventor)">Martin Cooper</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yoshihisa_Okumura" title="Yoshihisa Okumura">Yoshihisa Okumura</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_H._Frenkiel" title="Richard H. Frenkiel">Richard H. Frenkiel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joel_S._Engel" title="Joel S. Engel">Joel S. Engel</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Goodenough" title="John B. Goodenough">John B. Goodenough</a> / Yoshio Nishi / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rachid Yazami</a> / <a href="/wiki/Akira_Yoshino" title="Akira Yoshino">Akira Yoshino</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isamu_Akasaki" title="Isamu Akasaki">Isamu Akasaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/M._George_Craford" title="M. George Craford">George Craford</a> / <a href="/wiki/Russell_Dupuis" title="Russell Dupuis">Russell Dupuis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nick_Holonyak" title="Nick Holonyak">Nick Holonyak</a> / <a href="/wiki/Shuji_Nakamura" title="Shuji Nakamura">Shuji Nakamura</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Viterbi" title="Andrew Viterbi">Andrew Viterbi</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bjarne_Stroustrup" title="Bjarne Stroustrup">Bjarne Stroustrup</a> (2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Fr%C3%A9chet" title="Jean Fréchet">Jean Fréchet</a> / C. Grant Willson (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Furber" title="Steve Furber">Steve Furber</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_L._Hennessy" title="John L. Hennessy">John L. Hennessy</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Patterson_(computer_scientist)" title="David Patterson (computer scientist)">David Patterson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sophie_Wilson" title="Sophie Wilson">Sophie Wilson</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279515#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279515#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279515#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16774772d">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16774772d">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/13956392">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0085-5012">ORCID</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/067276997">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rachid_Yazami&oldid=1255060733">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rachid_Yazami&oldid=1255060733</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_French_engineers" title="Category:20th-century French engineers">20th-century French engineers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Moroccan_engineers" 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