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</div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Jerome Karle</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 55 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84" title="جيروم كارل – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جيروم كارل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerom_Karle" title="Cerom Karle – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Cerom Karle" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84" title="جروم کارل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جروم کارل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2" title="জেরোম কার্ল – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জেরোম কার্ল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Джэром Карле – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джэром Карле" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB" title="Джером Карл – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Джером Карл" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84" title="جروم کارل – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جروم کارل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – skotsk gäliska" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk gäliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EB%A1%AC_%EC%B9%BC" title="제롬 칼 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="제롬 칼" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B4_%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%AC%D5%A5" title="Ջերոմ Կառլե – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջերոմ Կառլե" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%9C" title="ג'רום קרל – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'רום קרל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hieronymus_Karle" title="Hieronymus Karle – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hieronymus Karle" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84" title="جيروم كارل – egyptisk arabiska" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جيروم كارل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84" title="جروم کارل – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="جروم کارل" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="ジェローム・カール – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジェローム・カール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – occitanska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84" title="جیروم کارل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جیروم کارل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – lågtyska" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="lågtyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Карле, Джером – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Карле, Джером" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB" title="Џером Карл – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Џером Карл" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9C%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%87" title="ஜெரோம் கார்லே – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஜெரோம் கார்லே" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%96%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Җером Карле – tatariska" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Җером Карле" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Джером Карлі – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джером Карлі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%DB%8C" title="جیروم کارلی – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جیروم کارلی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Jerome Karle" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%B0%E5%B0%94%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94" title="杰尔姆·卡尔 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="杰尔姆·卡尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q106733#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskussion:Jerome_Karle&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskussion om innehållssidan [inte skriven än] [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div 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class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">dölj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r53696904">.mw-parser-output .infobox{border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black;margin:.5em 0 .5em 1em;padding:.2em;float:right;clear:right;width:22em;text-align:left;font-size:88%;line-height:1.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox td,.mw-parser-output .infobox th{vertical-align:top;padding:0 .2em}.mw-parser-output .infobox caption{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered th{border:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless th{border:0}.mw-parser-output .infobox-showbutton button,.mw-parser-output .infobox-showbutton .mw-collapsible-text{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow th{border:0;border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-right:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow th{border:0;border-right:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography{border:1px solid #ccd2d9;text-align:left;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow th{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow th{border-top:0;border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable th{border:0;padding:0}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard" style="border-spacing:3px;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="padding:2px; text-align:center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold;"><span class="fn">Jerome Karle <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Nobelmedalj.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nobelpristagare i kemi 1985"><img alt="Nobelpristagare i kemi 1985" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Nobelmedalj.svg/20px-Nobelmedalj.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Nobelmedalj.svg/30px-Nobelmedalj.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Nobelmedalj.svg/40px-Nobelmedalj.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Jerome_Karle,_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Jerome_Karle%2C_2009.jpg/250px-Jerome_Karle%2C_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Jerome_Karle%2C_2009.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="344" data-file-height="418" /></a></span> <div style="">Jerome Karle, 2009.</div></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Född</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/18_juni" title="18 juni">18 juni</a> <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a><sup id="cite_ref-32e7c608b1a83def27c78eefca4160fb3299b288_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32e7c608b1a83def27c78eefca4160fb3299b288-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-427bcf8ef40e596e79d2c8e5a48496e9946ce0c7_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-427bcf8ef40e596e79d2c8e5a48496e9946ce0c7-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-99a746b9520a3d542edb5e9468ed5d89ec8b87f6_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99a746b9520a3d542edb5e9468ed5d89ec8b87f6-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/New_York" title="New York">New York</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(delstat)" title="New York (delstat)">New York</a>, <a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">USA</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Död</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/6_juni" title="6 juni">6 juni</a> <a href="/wiki/2013" title="2013">2013</a><sup id="cite_ref-56deaa3fb6b41ee0e751cdd1ac73c3a37e558f6e_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56deaa3fb6b41ee0e751cdd1ac73c3a37e558f6e-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-c35173af055513e758e537a021f3ffc373b0ce82_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-c35173af055513e758e537a021f3ffc373b0ce82-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-427bcf8ef40e596e79d2c8e5a48496e9946ce0c7_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-427bcf8ef40e596e79d2c8e5a48496e9946ce0c7-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (94 år)<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Annandale,_Virginia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Annandale, Virginia [inte skriven än]">Annandale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fairfax_County" title="Fairfax County">Fairfax County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>, USA</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Begravd</th><td class="etikett" style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbia_Gardens_Cemetery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Columbia Gardens Cemetery [inte skriven än]">Columbia Gardens Cemetery</a><sup id="cite_ref-308f66302e223672834aabfe5c7ac62021d2af5b_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-308f66302e223672834aabfe5c7ac62021d2af5b-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Medborgare i</th><td class="kategori" style=""><a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">USA</a><sup id="cite_ref-84e2e2cc794b432340fd710603df43b4932572cd_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84e2e2cc794b432340fd710603df43b4932572cd-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Utbildad vid</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Michigan_College_of_Literature,_Science,_and_the_Arts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Michigan College of Literature, Science, and the Arts [inte skriven än]">University of Michigan College of Literature, Science, and the Arts</a><br /><a href="/wiki/City_College_of_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="City College of New York">City College of New York</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Lincoln_High_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham Lincoln High School [inte skriven än]">Abraham Lincoln High School</a>, <time datetime="1933">1933</time> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106733?uselang=sv#P69"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></sup></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Sysselsättning</th><td class="roll" style=""><a href="/wiki/Kemist" title="Kemist">Kemist</a><sup id="cite_ref-66ca940e247a557bc0cc64dfb959a575fa73acce_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66ca940e247a557bc0cc64dfb959a575fa73acce-8"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Universitetsl%C3%A4rare" title="Universitetslärare">universitetslärare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kristallograf" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristallograf">kristallograf</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Arbetsgivare</th><td class="org" style=""><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Maka</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isabella_Karle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isabella Karle [inte skriven än]">Isabella Karle</a><br /><small>(g. 1942–)</small><sup id="cite_ref-66ca940e247a557bc0cc64dfb959a575fa73acce_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66ca940e247a557bc0cc64dfb959a575fa73acce-8"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-top: 1px solid #aaa; text-align:left">Utmärkelser</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;padding-left:1em;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelpriset_i_kemi" title="Nobelpriset i kemi">Nobelpriset i kemi</a><small> (1985)</small><sup id="cite_ref-c7b84db0b7abc228954cf603fa5a9432846fe7ac_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-c7b84db0b7abc228954cf603fa5a9432846fe7ac-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-f46543468d6dc357da75aaf287c357b7c40bfab4_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f46543468d6dc357da75aaf287c357b7c40bfab4-10"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Navy_Distinguished_Civilian_Service_Award&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Navy Distinguished Civilian Service Award [inte skriven än]">Navy Distinguished Civilian Service Award</a><small> (2009)</small><br />Hedersdoktor vid University of Maryland<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hedersdoktor_vid_Jagellonska_universitetet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hedersdoktor vid Jagellonska universitetet [inte skriven än]">Hedersdoktor vid Jagellonska universitetet</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; border-top:1px solid #aaaaaa; text-align:left" class=""><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:ItemByTitle/svwiki/Jerome_Karle" class="extiw" title="d:Special:ItemByTitle/svwiki/Jerome Karle">Redigera Wikidata</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Jerome Karle</b>, född <i>Jerome Karfunkle</i> den <a href="/wiki/18_juni" title="18 juni">18 juni</a> <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a> i <a href="/wiki/New_York" title="New York">New York</a> i <a href="/wiki/New_York_(delstat)" title="New York (delstat)">New York</a>, död <a href="/wiki/6_juni" title="6 juni">6 juni</a> <a href="/wiki/2013" title="2013">2013</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Annandale,_Virginia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Annandale, Virginia [inte skriven än]">Annandale</a> i <a href="/wiki/Fairfax_County" title="Fairfax County">Fairfax County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>, var en <a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">amerikansk</a> kemist. Han tilldelades, tillsammans med <a href="/wiki/Herbert_A_Hauptman" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbert A Hauptman">Herbert A Hauptman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nobelpriset_i_kemi" title="Nobelpriset i kemi">Nobelpriset i kemi</a> <a href="/wiki/1985" title="1985">1985</a> med motiveringen "<i>för deras avgörande insatser vid utveckling av direkta metoder för <a href="/wiki/Kristallstruktur" title="Kristallstruktur">kristallstrukturbestämning</a></i>", </p><p>Hauptman och Karle utvecklade effektiva matematiska metoder för att bestämma molekylstrukturer utgående från till exempel röntgenkristallografiska mätningar. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerome_Karle&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerome_Karle&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noter">Noter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerome_Karle&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Noter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerome_Karle&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Noter"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-32e7c608b1a83def27c78eefca4160fb3299b288-1"><a href="#cite_ref-32e7c608b1a83def27c78eefca4160fb3299b288_1-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><span title="latin">Encyclopædia Britannica</span></i>, Encyclopædia Britannica Online-ID: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jerome-Karle">biography/Jerome-Karle</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Britannica-Online">topic/Britannica-Online</a>, läst: 9 oktober 2017.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-427bcf8ef40e596e79d2c8e5a48496e9946ce0c7-2">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-427bcf8ef40e596e79d2c8e5a48496e9946ce0c7_2-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-427bcf8ef40e596e79d2c8e5a48496e9946ce0c7_2-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><i>SNAC</i>, SNAC Ark-ID: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6rk9d0w">w6rk9d0w</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ica2012.ica.org/files/pdf/Full%20papers%20upload/ica12Final00310.pdf">läs online</a>, läst: 9 oktober 2017.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99a746b9520a3d542edb5e9468ed5d89ec8b87f6-3"><a href="#cite_ref-99a746b9520a3d542edb5e9468ed5d89ec8b87f6_3-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find A Grave-ID</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/112340760">112340760</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagraveforums.com/">läs online</a>, läst: 9 oktober 2017.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56deaa3fb6b41ee0e751cdd1ac73c3a37e558f6e-4"><a href="#cite_ref-56deaa3fb6b41ee0e751cdd1ac73c3a37e558f6e_4-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lifeinlegacy.com/Display.aspx?weekof=2013-06-08"><span title="engelska">Week ending Saturday, June 8, 2013</span></a>, <span title="engelska">Life In Legacy</span></i> (på engelska), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lifeinlegacy.com/Display.aspx?weekof=2013-06-08">läs online</a>.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-c35173af055513e758e537a021f3ffc373b0ce82-5"><a href="#cite_ref-c35173af055513e758e537a021f3ffc373b0ce82_5-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><span title="latin">Encyclopædia Britannica</span></i>, Encyclopædia Britannica Online-ID: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jerome-Karle">biography/Jerome-Karle</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Britannica-Online">topic/Britannica-Online</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/312412/Jerome-Karle">läs online</a>, läst: 9 oktober 2017.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-308f66302e223672834aabfe5c7ac62021d2af5b-6"><a href="#cite_ref-308f66302e223672834aabfe5c7ac62021d2af5b_6-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagraveforums.com/">läs online</a>, läst: 28 juni 2024.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84e2e2cc794b432340fd710603df43b4932572cd-7"><a href="#cite_ref-84e2e2cc794b432340fd710603df43b4932572cd_7-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/jerome-karle-who-shared-the-1985-nobel-prize-in-chemistry-dies-at-94/2013/06/14/73e11f2e-d45e-11e2-a73e-826d299ff459_story.html"><span title="engelska">Jerome Karle dies; shared the 1985 Nobel Prize in chemistry</span></a></i> (på engelska), <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>, 14 juni 2013, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/jerome-karle-who-shared-the-1985-nobel-prize-in-chemistry-dies-at-94/2013/06/14/73e11f2e-d45e-11e2-a73e-826d299ff459_story.html">läs online</a>.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66ca940e247a557bc0cc64dfb959a575fa73acce-8">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-66ca940e247a557bc0cc64dfb959a575fa73acce_8-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-66ca940e247a557bc0cc64dfb959a575fa73acce_8-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><i>NNDB</i>, NNDB person-ID: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nndb.com/people/659/000100359/">659/000100359</a>, läst: 4 februari 2021.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-c7b84db0b7abc228954cf603fa5a9432846fe7ac-9"><a href="#cite_ref-c7b84db0b7abc228954cf603fa5a9432846fe7ac_9-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1985/summary/"><span title="engelska">The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1985</span></a>, Nobelprize.org</i> (på engelska), <a href="/wiki/Nobelstiftelsen" title="Nobelstiftelsen">Nobelstiftelsen</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1985/summary/">läs online</a>, läst: 4 februari 2021.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-f46543468d6dc357da75aaf287c357b7c40bfab4-10"><a href="#cite_ref-f46543468d6dc357da75aaf287c357b7c40bfab4_10-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/04/prize-amounts-2020.pdf"><span title="engelska">Table showing prize amounts</span></a></i> (på engelska), <a href="/wiki/Nobelstiftelsen" title="Nobelstiftelsen">Nobelstiftelsen</a>, april 2019, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/04/prize-amounts-2020.pdf">läs online</a>, läst: 4 februari 2021.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Källor"><span id="K.C3.A4llor"></span>Källor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerome_Karle&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerome_Karle&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/15/health/jerome-karle-94-dies-nobelist-for-crystallography.html">Dödsnotis - NY Times</a> <span style="font-size:.95em;font-weight:bold;color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(engelska)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar"><span id="Externa_l.C3.A4nkar"></span>Externa länkar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerome_Karle&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerome_Karle&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Externa länkar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Wikimedia Commons har media som rör <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Jerome_Karle" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Jerome Karle">Jerome Karle</a>.<div class="interProject commons" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Jerome_Karle" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Jerome Karle">Bilder & media</a></div></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1985/summary/">Nobelprize.org, Nobelpriset i kemi 1985</a> <span style="font-size:.95em;font-weight:bold;color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(engelska)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1985/karle/auto-biography/">Nobelprize.org, Jerome Karle – självbiografi</a><span style="font-size:.95em;font-weight:bold;color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(engelska)</span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px solid;width:100%;margin:auto;margin-top:1em;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output link+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title button,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-text,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title a{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks a,.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks .selflink{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{background:#b0c4de}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background:#d0e0f5}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background:#deeafa}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background:transparent}</style><table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0; ;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";background:#FFE974;" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:80%; border:none;; color: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mall:Nobelpristagare_i_kemi" title="Mall:Nobelpristagare i kemi"><span title="Visa denna mall" style="border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Nobelpristagare_i_kemi&action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelpriset_i_kemi" title="Nobelpriset i kemi">Nobelpristagare i kemi</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#FFF9A5;;">1901–1925</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Jacobus_Henricus_van_%E2%80%99t_Hoff" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacobus Henricus van ’t Hoff">van ’t Hoff</a> (1901)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Emil_Fischer" title="Emil Fischer">Fischer</a> (1902)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Svante_Arrhenius" title="Svante Arrhenius">Arrhenius</a> (1903)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/William_Ramsay" title="William Ramsay">Ramsay</a> (1904)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Adolf_von_Baeyer" title="Adolf von Baeyer">von Baeyer</a> (1905)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Henri_Moissan" title="Henri Moissan">Moissan</a> (1906)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Buchner" title="Eduard Buchner">Buchner</a> (1907)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Rutherford</a> (1908)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Ostwald" title="Wilhelm Ostwald">Ostwald</a> (1909)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Otto_Wallach" title="Otto Wallach">Wallach</a> (1910)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">Curie</a> (1911)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Victor_Grignard" title="Victor Grignard">Grignard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Sabatier_(kemist)" title="Paul Sabatier (kemist)">Sabatier</a> (1912)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Werner" title="Alfred Werner">Werner</a> (1913)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Richards" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodore Richards">Richards</a> (1914)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Willst%C3%A4tter" title="Richard Willstätter">Willstätter</a> (1915)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i>Inga priser udelades 1916–1917.</i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Haber" title="Fritz Haber">Haber</a> (1918)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i>Inget pris utdelades 1919.</i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Walther_Nernst" title="Walther Nernst">Nernst</a> (1920)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy">Soddy</a> (1921)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Francis_Aston" title="Francis Aston">Aston</a> (1922)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Pregl" title="Fritz Pregl">Pregl</a> (1923)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i>Inget pris utdelades 1924.</i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Zsigmondy" title="Richard Zsigmondy">Zsigmondy</a> (1925)</div></td><td style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;" rowspan="9"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Nobel_prize_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/60px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/90px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/120px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#FFF9A5;;">1926–1950</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/The_Svedberg" title="The Svedberg">Svedberg</a> (1926)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Wieland" title="Heinrich Wieland">Wieland</a> (1927)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Windaus" title="Adolf Windaus">Windaus</a> (1928)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Harden" title="Arthur Harden">Harden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hans_von_Euler-Chelpin" title="Hans von Euler-Chelpin">von Euler-Chelpin</a> (1929)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hans_Fischer" title="Hans Fischer">Fischer</a> (1930)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Carl_Bosch" title="Carl Bosch">Bosch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Bergius" title="Friedrich Bergius">Bergius</a> (1931)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Irving_Langmuir" title="Irving Langmuir">Langmuir</a> (1932)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i>Inget pris utdelades 1933.</i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Harold_Urey" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold Urey">Urey</a> (1934)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Joliot" class="mw-redirect" title="Frédéric Joliot">Joliot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ir%C3%A8ne_Joliot-Curie" title="Irène Joliot-Curie">Joliot-Curie</a> (1935)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Debye" title="Peter Debye">Debye</a> (1936)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Norman_Haworth" title="Norman Haworth">Haworth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Karrer" title="Paul Karrer">Karrer</a> (1937)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Kuhn" title="Richard Kuhn">Kuhn</a> (1938)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Butenandt" title="Adolf Butenandt">Butenandt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leopold_Ruzicka" class="mw-redirect" title="Leopold Ruzicka">Ruzicka</a> (1939)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i>Inga priser udelades 1940–1942.</i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/George_de_Hevesy" title="George de Hevesy">de Hevesy</a> (1943)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Otto_Hahn" title="Otto Hahn">Hahn</a> (1944)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Artturi_Virtanen" title="Artturi Virtanen">Virtanen</a> (1945)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/James_Sumner" title="James Sumner">Sumner</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Northrop" title="John Northrop">Northrop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Stanley" title="Wendell Stanley">Stanley</a> (1946)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Robinson" title="Robert Robinson">Robinson</a> (1947)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Arne_Tiselius" title="Arne Tiselius">Tiselius</a> (1948)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/William_Giauque" title="William Giauque">Giauque</a> (1949)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Otto_Diels" title="Otto Diels">Diels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Alder" title="Kurt Alder">Alder</a> (1950)</div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#FFF9A5;;">1951–1975</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Edwin_McMillan" title="Edwin McMillan">McMillan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glenn_T._Seaborg" title="Glenn T. Seaborg">Seaborg</a> (1951)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Archer_Martin" title="Archer Martin">Martin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Synge" title="Richard Synge">Synge</a> (1952)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Staudinger" title="Hermann Staudinger">Staudinger</a> (1953)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Pauling</a> (1954)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Vincent_du_Vigneaud" title="Vincent du Vigneaud">du Vigneaud</a> (1955)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Cyril_Hinshelwood" title="Cyril Hinshelwood">Hinshelwood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikolaj_Semjonov" title="Nikolaj Semjonov">Semjonov</a> (1956)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Robertus_Todd" title="Alexander Robertus Todd">Todd</a> (1957)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Sanger" title="Frederick Sanger">Sanger</a> (1958)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Heyrovsky" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaroslav Heyrovsky">Heyrovsky</a> (1959)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Willard_Frank_Libby" title="Willard Frank Libby">Libby</a> (1960)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Melvin_Calvin" title="Melvin Calvin">Calvin</a> (1961)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Max_Perutz" title="Max Perutz">Perutz</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Kendrew" title="John Kendrew">Kendrew</a> (1962)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Karl_Ziegler_(kemist)" title="Karl Ziegler (kemist)">Ziegler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giulio_Natta" title="Giulio Natta">Natta</a> (1963)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Crowfoot_Hodgkin" title="Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin">Hodgkin</a> (1964)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Woodward" title="Robert Woodward">Woodward</a> (1965)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Mulliken" title="Robert Mulliken">Mulliken</a> (1966)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Manfred_Eigen" title="Manfred Eigen">Eigen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Norrish" title="Ronald Norrish">Norrish</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Porter" title="George Porter">Porter</a> (1967)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Lars_Onsager" title="Lars Onsager">Onsager</a> (1968)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Derek_Barton" title="Derek Barton">Barton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odd_Hassel" title="Odd Hassel">Hassel</a> (1969)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Luis_Leloir" class="mw-redirect" title="Luis Leloir">Leloir</a> (1970)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Herzberg" title="Gerhard Herzberg">Herzberg</a> (1971)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Christian_Anfinsen" title="Christian Anfinsen">Anfinsen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stanford_Moore" title="Stanford Moore">Moore</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Stein" title="William Stein">Stein</a> (1972)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Otto_Fischer" title="Ernst Otto Fischer">Fischer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Wilkinson" title="Geoffrey Wilkinson">Wilkinson</a> (1973)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Flory" title="Paul Flory">Flory</a> (1974)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/John_Cornforth" title="John Cornforth">Cornforth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Prelog" title="Vladimir Prelog">Prelog</a> (1975)</div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#FFF9A5;;">1976–2000</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/William_Lipscomb" title="William Lipscomb">Lipscomb</a> (1976)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ilya_Prigogine" title="Ilya Prigogine">Prigogine</a> (1977)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Mitchell" title="Peter Mitchell">Mitchell</a> (1978)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Herbert_C._Brown" title="Herbert C. Brown">Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georg_Wittig" title="Georg Wittig">Wittig</a> (1979)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Berg_(kemist)" title="Paul Berg (kemist)">Berg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walter_Gilbert" title="Walter Gilbert">Gilbert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Sanger" title="Frederick Sanger">Sanger</a> (1980)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kenichi_Fukui" title="Kenichi Fukui">Fukui</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roald_Hoffmann" title="Roald Hoffmann">Hoffmann</a> (1981)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Klug" title="Aaron Klug">Klug</a> (1982)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Henry_Taube" title="Henry Taube">Taube</a> (1983)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Merrifield" title="Bruce Merrifield">Merrifield</a> (1984)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hauptman" title="Herbert Hauptman">Hauptman</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Karle</a> (1985)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Dudley_R._Herschbach" title="Dudley R. Herschbach">Herschbach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yuan_T._Lee" title="Yuan T. Lee">Lee</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_C._Polanyi" class="mw-redirect" title="John C. Polanyi">Polanyi</a> (1986)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Donald_J._Cram" title="Donald J. Cram">Cram</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Lehn" title="Jean-Marie Lehn">Lehn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_J._Pedersen" title="Charles J. Pedersen">Pedersen</a> (1987)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Johann_Deisenhofer" title="Johann Deisenhofer">Deisenhofer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Huber" title="Robert Huber">Huber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hartmut_Michel" title="Hartmut Michel">Michel</a> (1988)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman">Altman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_R._Cech" title="Thomas R. Cech">Cech</a> (1989)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Elias_James_Corey" title="Elias James Corey">Corey</a> (1990)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_R._Ernst" title="Richard R. Ernst">Ernst</a> (1991)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rudolph_A._Marcus" title="Rudolph A. Marcus">Marcus</a> (1992)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kary_Mullis" title="Kary Mullis">Mullis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Smith" title="Michael Smith">Smith</a> (1993)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/George_A._Olah" title="George A. Olah">Olah</a> (1994)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_J._Crutzen" title="Paul J. Crutzen">Crutzen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mario_Molina" title="Mario Molina">Molina</a>, <a href="/wiki/F._Sherwood_Rowland" title="F. Sherwood Rowland">Rowland</a> (1995)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Curl" title="Robert Curl">Curl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Kroto" title="Harold Kroto">Kroto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Smalley" title="Richard Smalley">Smalley</a> (1996)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_D._Boyer" title="Paul D. Boyer">Boyer</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_E._Walker" title="John E. Walker">Walker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jens_Christian_Skou" title="Jens Christian Skou">Skou</a> (1997)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Walter_Kohn" title="Walter Kohn">Kohn</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Pople" title="John Pople">Pople</a> (1998)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Zewail" title="Ahmed Zewail">Zewali</a> (1999)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Alan_Heeger" title="Alan Heeger">Heeger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_MacDiarmid" title="Alan MacDiarmid">MacDiarmid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hideki_Shirakawa" title="Hideki Shirakawa">Shirakawa</a> (2000)</div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#FFF9A5;;">Från 2001</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/William_S._Knowles" title="William S. Knowles">Knowles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ryoji_Noyori" title="Ryoji Noyori">Noyori</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karl_Barry_Sharpless" title="Karl Barry Sharpless">Sharpless</a> (2001)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/John_Fenn" title="John Fenn">Fenn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Koichi_Tanaka" title="Koichi Tanaka">Tanaka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kurt_W%C3%BCthrich" title="Kurt Wüthrich">Wüthrich</a> (2002)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Agre" title="Peter Agre">Agre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roderick_MacKinnon" title="Roderick MacKinnon">MacKinnon</a> (2003)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Ciechanover" title="Aaron Ciechanover">Ciechanover</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avram_Hershko" title="Avram Hershko">Hershko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irwin_Rose" title="Irwin Rose">Rose</a> (2004)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Yves_Chauvin" title="Yves Chauvin">Chauvin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Grubbs" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Grubbs">Grubbs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Schrock" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Schrock">Schrock</a> (2005)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Roger_D._Kornberg" title="Roger D. Kornberg">Kornberg</a> (2006)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Ertl" title="Gerhard Ertl">Ertl</a> (2007)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Osamu_Shimomura" title="Osamu Shimomura">Shimomura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Chalfie" title="Martin Chalfie">Chalfie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Tsien" title="Roger Tsien">Tsien</a> (2008)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Venkatraman_Ramakrishnan" title="Venkatraman Ramakrishnan">Ramakrishnan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Steitz" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas A. Steitz">Steitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ada_E._Yonath" class="mw-redirect" title="Ada E. Yonath">Yonath</a> (2009)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_F._Heck" title="Richard F. Heck">Heck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ei-ichi_Negishi" title="Ei-ichi Negishi">Negishi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Akira_Suzuki" title="Akira Suzuki">Suzuki</a> (2010)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Dan_Shechtman" title="Dan Shechtman">Shechtman</a> (2011)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Brian_Kobilka" title="Brian Kobilka">Kobilka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lefkowitz" title="Robert Lefkowitz">Lefkowitz</a> (2012)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus">Karplus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Levitt" title="Michael Levitt">Levitt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel">Wershel</a> (2013)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Eric_Betzig" title="Eric Betzig">Betzig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Hell" title="Stefan Hell">Hell</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_E._Moerner" title="William E. 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