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Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%B5_(%D8%BA%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A)" title="عيص (غطاء نباتي) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عيص (غطاء نباتي)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carba" title="Carba – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Carba" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%99ovinn%C3%A1_vegetace" title="Křovinná vegetace – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Křovinná vegetace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matorral" title="Matorral – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Matorral" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbustaro" title="Arbustaro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Arbustaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sastrakadi" title="Sastrakadi – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sastrakadi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AE%D8%AA%DA%86%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="درختچه‌زار – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="درختچه‌زار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frutic%C3%A9e" title="Fruticée – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fruticée" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caschoill" title="Caschoill – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Caschoill" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matogueira" title="Matogueira – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Matogueira" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B4%80%EB%AA%A9%EC%A7%80" title="관목지 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="관목지" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF" title="क्षुपभूमि – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="क्षुपभूमि" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belukar" title="Belukar – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Belukar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%AA%D7%94" title="בתה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בתה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="სკრები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სკრები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Struweel" title="Struweel – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Struweel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krattskog" title="Krattskog – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Krattskog" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kratt" title="Kratt – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kratt" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrub" title="Scrub – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Scrub" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matagal" title="Matagal – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Matagal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%27apra" title="Ch'apra – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ch'apra" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%8C" title="Кустарниковая степь – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кустарниковая степь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrubland" title="Scrubland – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Scrubland" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pensasaro" title="Pensasaro – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pensasaro" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buskskog" title="Buskskog – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Buskskog" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81" title="புதர்க்காடு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="புதர்க்காடு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1" title="Скреб – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Скреб" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DA%BE%D8%A7%DA%91%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%BA_%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84" title="جھاڑیوں کا جنگل – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جھاڑیوں کا جنگل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%81%8C%E6%9C%A8%E4%B8%9B" title="灌木丛 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="灌木丛" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q879641#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Scrublands" redirects here. For the novel, see <a href="/wiki/Scrublands_(novel)" title="Scrublands (novel)">Scrublands (novel)</a>. For the TV series, see <a href="/wiki/Scrublands_(TV_series)" title="Scrublands (TV series)">Scrublands (TV series)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Starr_010831-0016_Morella_faya.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Starr_010831-0016_Morella_faya.jpg/220px-Starr_010831-0016_Morella_faya.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Starr_010831-0016_Morella_faya.jpg/330px-Starr_010831-0016_Morella_faya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Starr_010831-0016_Morella_faya.jpg/440px-Starr_010831-0016_Morella_faya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Low shrubland in <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Scrub_brush_vegetation_in_south_TX_IMG_6069.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Scrub_brush_vegetation_in_south_TX_IMG_6069.JPG/220px-Scrub_brush_vegetation_in_south_TX_IMG_6069.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Scrub_brush_vegetation_in_south_TX_IMG_6069.JPG/330px-Scrub_brush_vegetation_in_south_TX_IMG_6069.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Scrub_brush_vegetation_in_south_TX_IMG_6069.JPG/440px-Scrub_brush_vegetation_in_south_TX_IMG_6069.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>Scrub vegetation with <a href="/wiki/Cactus" title="Cactus">cactus</a> in <a href="/wiki/Webb_County,_Texas" title="Webb County, Texas">Webb County</a> in south <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sardinia_Unterwegs_32DSC_0077_(49458334428).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Sardinia_Unterwegs_32DSC_0077_%2849458334428%29.jpg/220px-Sardinia_Unterwegs_32DSC_0077_%2849458334428%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Sardinia_Unterwegs_32DSC_0077_%2849458334428%29.jpg/330px-Sardinia_Unterwegs_32DSC_0077_%2849458334428%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Sardinia_Unterwegs_32DSC_0077_%2849458334428%29.jpg/440px-Sardinia_Unterwegs_32DSC_0077_%2849458334428%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1624" data-file-height="688" /></a><figcaption>Mediterranean shrubland in <a href="/wiki/Sardinia" title="Sardinia">Sardinia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </figcaption></figure> <p><b>Shrubland</b>, <b>scrubland</b>, <b>scrub</b>, <b>brush</b>, or <b>bush</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Plant_community" title="Plant community">plant community</a> characterized by <a href="/wiki/Vegetation" title="Vegetation">vegetation</a> <a href="/wiki/Dominance_(ecology)" title="Dominance (ecology)">dominated</a> by <a href="/wiki/Shrub" title="Shrub">shrubs</a>, often also including <a href="/wiki/Grass" class="mw-redirect" title="Grass">grasses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbaceous_plant" title="Herbaceous plant">herbs</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Geophyte" class="mw-redirect" title="Geophyte">geophytes</a>. Shrubland may either occur naturally or be the result of human activity. It may be the mature <a href="/wiki/Vegetation_type" class="mw-redirect" title="Vegetation type">vegetation type</a> in a particular region and remain stable over time, or a transitional community that occurs temporarily as the result of a disturbance, such as fire. A stable state may be maintained by regular natural disturbance such as fire or <a href="/wiki/Browsing_(predation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Browsing (predation)">browsing</a>. Shrubland may be unsuitable for human habitation because of the danger of fire. The term was coined in 1903.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shrubland species generally show a wide range of <a href="/wiki/Adaptation" title="Adaptation">adaptations</a> to fire, such as heavy seed production, <a href="/wiki/Lignotuber" title="Lignotuber">lignotubers</a>, and fire-induced germination.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Botanical_structural_form">Botanical structural form</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shrubland&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Botanical structural form"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Botany" title="Botany">botany</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ecology" title="Ecology">ecology</a> a shrub is defined as a much-branched <a href="/wiki/Woody_plant" title="Woody plant">woody plant</a> less than 8 m high and usually with many <a href="/wiki/Plant_stem" title="Plant stem">stems</a>. Tall shrubs are mostly 2–8 m high, small shrubs 1–2 m high and <a href="/wiki/Subshrub" title="Subshrub">subshrubs</a> less than 1 m high.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is a descriptive system widely adopted in <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> to describe different types of vegetation is based on <a href="/wiki/Canopy_(biology)" title="Canopy (biology)">structural characteristics</a> based on <a href="/wiki/Plant_life-form" title="Plant life-form">plant life-form</a>, plus the height and foliage cover of the tallest stratum or <a href="/wiki/Dominance_(ecology)" title="Dominance (ecology)">dominant</a> <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prince_Edward_County_Bird_Observatory_Scrubland.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Prince_Edward_County_Bird_Observatory_Scrubland.JPG/220px-Prince_Edward_County_Bird_Observatory_Scrubland.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Prince_Edward_County_Bird_Observatory_Scrubland.JPG/330px-Prince_Edward_County_Bird_Observatory_Scrubland.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Prince_Edward_County_Bird_Observatory_Scrubland.JPG/440px-Prince_Edward_County_Bird_Observatory_Scrubland.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Shrubland in <a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward_County,_Ontario" title="Prince Edward County, Ontario">Prince Edward County</a>, Ontario.</figcaption></figure> <p>For shrubs that are 2–8 metres (6.6–26.2 ft) high, the following structural forms are categorized: </p> <ul><li>dense foliage cover (70–100%) — <b>closed-shrubs</b></li> <li>mid-dense foliage cover (30–70%) — <b>open-shrubs</b></li> <li>sparse foliage cover (10–30%) — <b>tall shrubland</b></li> <li>very sparse foliage cover (<10%) — <b>tall open shrubland</b></li></ul> <p>For shrubs less than 2 metres (6.6 ft) high, the following structural forms are categorized: </p> <ul><li>dense foliage cover (70–100%) — <b>closed-<a href="/wiki/Heath_(habitat)" class="mw-redirect" title="Heath (habitat)">heath</a></b> or <b>closed low shrubland</b>—(<i>North America</i>)</li> <li>mid-dense foliage cover (30–70%) — <b>open-heath</b> or <b>mid-dense low shrubland</b>—(<i>North America</i>)</li> <li>sparse foliage cover (10–30%) — <b>low shrubland</b></li> <li>very sparse foliage cover (<10%) — <b>low open shrubland</b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biome_plant_group">Biome plant group</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shrubland&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Biome plant group"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fynbos.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Fynbos.jpg/220px-Fynbos.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Fynbos.jpg/330px-Fynbos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Fynbos.jpg/440px-Fynbos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>Fynbos in South Africa</figcaption></figure> <p>Similarly, shrubland is a category used to describe a type of <a href="/wiki/Biome" title="Biome">biome</a> plant group. In this context, shrublands are dense thickets of evergreen <a href="/wiki/Sclerophyll" title="Sclerophyll">sclerophyll</a> shrubs and small trees,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> called: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaparral" title="Chaparral">Chaparral</a> in <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matorral" title="Matorral">Matorral</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maquis_shrubland" title="Maquis shrubland">Maquis</a> in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> and elsewhere around the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean">Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macchia" class="mw-redirect" title="Macchia">Macchia</a> in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fynbos" title="Fynbos">Fynbos</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Suburbs_Banksia_Scrub" title="Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub">Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwongan" title="Kwongan">Kwongan</a> in Southwest <a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juniperus_ashei" title="Juniperus ashei">Cedar scrub</a> in <a href="/wiki/Texas_Hill_Country" title="Texas Hill Country">Texas Hill Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caatinga" title="Caatinga">Caatinga</a> in northeastern Brazil</li></ul> <p>In some places, shrubland is the mature vegetation type, and in other places, the result of degradation of former <a href="/wiki/Forest" title="Forest">forest</a> or <a href="/wiki/Woodland" title="Woodland">woodland</a> by <a href="/wiki/Logging" title="Logging">logging</a> or <a href="/wiki/Overgrazing" title="Overgrazing">overgrazing</a>, or disturbance by major fires.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A number of <a href="/wiki/World_Wildlife_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="World Wildlife Fund">World Wildlife Fund</a> biomes are characterized as shrublands, including:<sup id="cite_ref-xeric_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xeric-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-medi_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-medi-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Desert scrublands</dt></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nullabor_plain_from_the_indian_pacific.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Nullabor_plain_from_the_indian_pacific.jpg/220px-Nullabor_plain_from_the_indian_pacific.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Nullabor_plain_from_the_indian_pacific.jpg/330px-Nullabor_plain_from_the_indian_pacific.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Nullabor_plain_from_the_indian_pacific.jpg/440px-Nullabor_plain_from_the_indian_pacific.jpg 2x" data-file-width="816" data-file-height="616" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Nullarbor_plain" class="mw-redirect" title="Nullarbor plain">Nullarbor plain</a> in Australia</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Xeric</i> or <i>desert scrublands</i> occur in the world's <a href="/wiki/Deserts_and_xeric_shrublands" title="Deserts and xeric shrublands">deserts and xeric shrublands</a> ecoregions or in fast-draining sandy soils in more humid regions. These scrublands are characterized by plants with adaptations to the dry climate, which include small leaves to limit water loss, thorns to protect them from grazing animals, succulent leaves or stems, <a href="/wiki/Storage_organ" title="Storage organ">storage organs</a> to store water, and long taproots to reach groundwater.<sup id="cite_ref-xeric_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xeric-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Mediterranean scrublands</dt></dl> <p><i>Mediterranean scrublands</i> occur naturally in the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_forests,_woodlands,_and_scrub" title="Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub">Mediterranean scrub</a> <a href="/wiki/Biome" title="Biome">biome</a>, located in the five <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_climate" title="Mediterranean climate">Mediterranean climate</a> regions of the world. Scrublands are most common near the seacoast and have often adapted to the wind and salt air of the ocean. Low, soft-leaved scrublands around the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Basin" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean Basin">Mediterranean Basin</a> are known as <i><a href="/wiki/Garrigue" title="Garrigue">garrigue</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, <i>phrygana</i> in <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>, <i>tomillares</i> in <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>, and <i>batha</i> in <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>. <a href="/wiki/Northern_coastal_scrub" title="Northern coastal scrub">Northern coastal scrub</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coastal_sage_scrub" title="Coastal sage scrub">coastal sage scrub</a> occur along the <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> coast, <a href="/wiki/Strandveld" title="Strandveld">strandveld</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Western_Cape" title="Western Cape">Western Cape</a> of <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, coastal matorral in <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Matorral" title="Chilean Matorral">central Chile</a>, and sand-heath and <a href="/wiki/Kwongan" title="Kwongan">kwongan</a> in <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Australia" title="Southwest Australia">Southwest Australia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-medi_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-medi-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Interior scrublands</dt></dl> <p><i>Interior scrublands</i> occur naturally in semi-arid areas where soils are nutrient-poor, such as on the <a href="/wiki/Matorral" title="Matorral">matas</a> of <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>, which are underlain by <a href="/wiki/Cambrian" title="Cambrian">Cambrian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">Silurian</a> <a href="/wiki/Schists" class="mw-redirect" title="Schists">schists</a>. <a href="/wiki/Florida_scrub" title="Florida scrub">Florida scrub</a> is another example of interior scrublands. </p> <dl><dt>Dwarf shrubs</dt></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shira_moorlands_on_Kilimanjaro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Shira_moorlands_on_Kilimanjaro.jpg/220px-Shira_moorlands_on_Kilimanjaro.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Shira_moorlands_on_Kilimanjaro.jpg/330px-Shira_moorlands_on_Kilimanjaro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Shira_moorlands_on_Kilimanjaro.jpg/440px-Shira_moorlands_on_Kilimanjaro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Moorland on <a href="/wiki/Kilimanjaro" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilimanjaro">Kilimanjaro</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Some vegetation types are formed of <i><a href="/wiki/Chamaephyte" class="mw-redirect" title="Chamaephyte">dwarf-shrubs</a></i>: low-growing or creeping shrubs. These include the <a href="/wiki/Maquis_shrubland" title="Maquis shrubland">maquis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Garrigue" title="Garrigue">garrigues</a> of Mediterranean climates and the acid-loving dwarf shrubs of <a href="/wiki/Heathland" class="mw-redirect" title="Heathland">heathland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moorland" title="Moorland">moorland</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shrubland&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fynbos" title="Fynbos">Fynbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maquis_shrubland" title="Maquis shrubland">Maquis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostrate_shrub" title="Prostrate shrub">Prostrate shrub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-desert" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-desert">Semi-desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrub-steppe" class="mw-redirect" title="Shrub-steppe">Shrub-steppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrub_swamp" title="Shrub swamp">Shrub swamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moorland" title="Moorland">Moorland</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_and_references">Notes and references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shrubland&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notes and references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 11th Edition (2003).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMares,_Michael_S.1999" class="citation book cs1">Mares, Michael S., ed. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g3CbqZtaF4oC&pg=PA215">"Fire"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of deserts</i>. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 215. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8061-3146-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8061-3146-7"><bdi>978-0-8061-3146-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fire&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+deserts&rft.pages=215&rft.pub=University+of+Oklahoma+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-8061-3146-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dg3CbqZtaF4oC%26pg%3DPA215&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrubland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Flora of New South Wales</i>, Vol.4 ed. Gwen J. Harden, Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86840-188-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-86840-188-9">0-86840-188-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Costermans, L. F. (1993) <i>Native trees and shrubs of South-Eastern Australia</i>. rev. ed. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-947116-76-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-947116-76-1">0-947116-76-1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoodward" class="citation web cs1">Woodward, Susan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://php.radford.edu/~swoodwar/biomes/?page_id=98">"Mediterranean Shrublands"</a>. <i>Geography 235</i>. Radford University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Geography+235&rft.atitle=Mediterranean+Shrublands&rft.aulast=Woodward&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphp.radford.edu%2F~swoodwar%2Fbiomes%2F%3Fpage_id%3D98&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrubland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-xeric-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-xeric_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-xeric_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110102145352/http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/ecoregions/about/habitat_types/selecting_terrestrial_ecoregions/habitat13.cfm">"Deserts and Xeric Shrublands"</a>. <a href="/wiki/World_Wildlife_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="World Wildlife Fund">World Wildlife Fund</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/ecoregions/about/habitat_types/selecting_terrestrial_ecoregions/habitat13.cfm">the original</a> on 2 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Deserts+and+Xeric+Shrublands&rft.pub=World+Wildlife+Fund&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwwf.panda.org%2Fabout_our_earth%2Fecoregions%2Fabout%2Fhabitat_types%2Fselecting_terrestrial_ecoregions%2Fhabitat13.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrubland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-medi-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-medi_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-medi_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170111005657/http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/ecoregions/mediterranean_forests_scrub.cfm">"Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands and Scrub"</a>. <a href="/wiki/World_Wildlife_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="World Wildlife Fund">World Wildlife Fund</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/ecoregions/mediterranean_forests_scrub.cfm">the original</a> on 11 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mediterranean+Forests%2C+Woodlands+and+Scrub&rft.pub=World+Wildlife+Fund&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwwf.panda.org%2Fabout_our_earth%2Fecoregions%2Fmediterranean_forests_scrub.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShrubland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shrubland&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Shrublands" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Shrublands">Shrublands</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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href="/wiki/Template:Vegetation" title="Template:Vegetation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Vegetation" title="Template talk:Vegetation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Vegetation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Vegetation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Phytogeography:_Vegetation_classification" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Phytogeography" title="Phytogeography">Phytogeography</a>: <a href="/wiki/Vegetation_classification" title="Vegetation classification">Vegetation classification</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Physiognomy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forest" title="Forest">Forests</a>, <a href="/wiki/Woodland" title="Woodland">woodlands</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Arboretum" title="Arboretum">arboretum</a></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shrublands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heath" title="Heath">heath</a>, scrubs, <a href="/wiki/Thicket" title="Thicket">thickets</a>, <i>fruticetum</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf-shrub" class="mw-redirect" title="Dwarf-shrub">Dwarf-shrubland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Subshrub" title="Subshrub">subshrublands</a>, dwarf-scrubs, <i>suffruticetum</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbaceous" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbaceous">Herbaceous communities</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grassland" title="Grassland">grasslands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steppe" title="Steppe">steppes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prairie" title="Prairie">prairies</a>, <i>herbetum</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savanna" title="Savanna">Savannas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aspen_parkland" title="Aspen parkland">parklands</a></li> <li>Scarcely vegetated areas, <a href="/wiki/Desert_vegetation" class="mw-redirect" title="Desert vegetation">desert vegetation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Desert" title="Desert">Desert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barren_vegetation" title="Barren vegetation">Barren vegetation</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Latitude</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tropical" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical">Tropical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subtropical" class="mw-redirect" title="Subtropical">Subtropical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperate" class="mw-redirect" title="Temperate">Temperate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subarctic_climate" title="Subarctic climate">Subpolar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polar_climate" title="Polar climate">Polar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Climatic<br />regime</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pluvial" title="Pluvial">Pluvial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rainforest" title="Rainforest">rainy</a>, ombrophilous</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloud_forest" title="Cloud forest">Cloudy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seasonal" class="mw-redirect" title="Seasonal">Seasonal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drought" title="Drought">Drought</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Altitude</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montane" class="mw-redirect" title="Montane">Montane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submontane" class="mw-redirect" title="Submontane">Submontane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowland" class="mw-redirect" title="Lowland">Lowland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal" class="mw-redirect" title="Coastal">Coastal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leaves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Loss of leaves <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deciduous" title="Deciduous">Deciduous</a>, caducifolious</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-deciduous" title="Semi-deciduous">Semi-deciduous</a>, semicaducifolious</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evergreen" title="Evergreen">Evergreen</a>, perennifolious</li></ul></li> <li>Leaf hardness <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sclerophyll" title="Sclerophyll">Sclerophyll</a>, stiff leaves</li> <li>Orthophyll, hyptiophyll leaves</li></ul></li> <li>Leaf form <ul><li>Aciculifolious, needle-leaved</li> <li>Latifolious, <a href="/wiki/Broad-leaved" class="mw-redirect" title="Broad-leaved">broad-leaved</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Substrate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terrestrial_vegetation" class="mw-redirect" title="Terrestrial vegetation">Terrestrial vegetation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquatic_vegetation" class="mw-redirect" title="Aquatic vegetation">Aquatic vegetation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Riparian" class="mw-redirect" title="Riparian">Riparian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangrove" title="Mangrove">Mangrove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swamp" title="Swamp">Swampy</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biogeographic_realm" title="Biogeographic realm">Biogeographic realms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biome" title="Biome">Biomes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floristic_kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Floristic kingdom">Floristic kingdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_region" title="Natural region">Natural region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physiographic_region" title="Physiographic region">Physiographic region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plant_habit" class="mw-redirect" title="Plant habit">Plant habits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plant_life-form" title="Plant life-form">Plant life-forms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetation" title="Vegetation">Vegetation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shrubland&oldid=1255408239">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shrubland&oldid=1255408239</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" 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