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.infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Cloud Foundry</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CloudFoundryCorp_vertical.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bb/CloudFoundryCorp_vertical.svg/256px-CloudFoundryCorp_vertical.svg.png" decoding="async" width="256" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bb/CloudFoundryCorp_vertical.svg/384px-CloudFoundryCorp_vertical.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bb/CloudFoundryCorp_vertical.svg/512px-CloudFoundryCorp_vertical.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="245" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Cloud Foundry Foundation</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">2011<span class="noprint">; 13 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2011</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Repository_(version_control)" title="Repository (version control)">Repository</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/cloudfoundry/">github<wbr />.com<wbr />/cloudfoundry<wbr />/</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135664#P1324" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Golang" class="mw-redirect" title="Golang">Go</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language)">Ruby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">Cloud computing</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Apache_License" title="Apache License">Apache License</a> 2.0</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cloudfoundry.org/">www<wbr />.cloudfoundry<wbr />.org</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135664#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Cloud Foundry</b> is an <a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open source</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">multi-cloud</a> application <a href="/wiki/Platform_as_a_service" title="Platform as a service">platform as a service</a> (PaaS) governed by the Cloud Foundry Foundation, a <a href="/wiki/501(c)_organization" title="501(c) organization">501(c)(6)</a> organization.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The software was originally developed by <a href="/wiki/VMware" title="VMware">VMware</a>, transferred to <a href="/wiki/Pivotal_Software" title="Pivotal Software">Pivotal Software</a> (a joint venture by <a href="/wiki/EMC_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="EMC Corporation">EMC</a>, <a href="/wiki/VMware" title="VMware">VMware</a> and <a href="/wiki/General_Electric" title="General Electric">General Electric</a>), who then transferred the software to the Cloud Foundry Foundation upon its inception in 2015. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cloud_Foundry&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Originally conceived in 2009, Cloud Foundry was designed and developed by a small team at VMware led by Derek Collison and was originally called Project B29.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time, a different PaaS project written in <a href="/wiki/Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a> for <a href="/wiki/Amazon_EC2" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon EC2">Amazon EC2</a> used the name Cloud Foundry. It was founded by Chris Richardson in 2008 and acquired by <a href="/wiki/SpringSource" class="mw-redirect" title="SpringSource">SpringSource</a> in 2009,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the same year VMware acquired SpringSource. The current project is unrelated to the project under SpringSource, but the name was adopted when the original SpringSource project ended. </p><p>The announcement of Cloud Foundry took place in April 2011. A year later, in April 2012, <a href="/wiki/BOSH_(software)" title="BOSH (software)">BOSH</a>, an open source tool chain for release engineering, deployment, and life-cycle management of large scale distributed services, was publicly launched.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2013, Pivotal was created from EMC and VMware, to market assets including Cloud Foundry, <a href="/wiki/RabbitMQ" title="RabbitMQ">RabbitMQ</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spring_Framework" title="Spring Framework">Spring</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By February 2014, it was announced that there would be an open governance foundation established with seven Platinum members and two Gold members.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2014, there was an announcement of expanded membership with the addition of eight new companies.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By December 2014, the membership had increased to 40.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cloud_Foundry_Foundation">Cloud Foundry Foundation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cloud_Foundry&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cloud Foundry Foundation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In January 2015, the Cloud Foundry Foundation was created as an independent not-for-profit 501(c)(6) <a href="/wiki/Linux_Foundation" title="Linux Foundation">Linux Foundation</a> Collaborative Project.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the creation of the Cloud Foundry Foundation, the Cloud Foundry software (source code and all associated trademarks) was transferred to be held by the open source software foundation. It is primarily written in <a href="/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language)">Ruby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Golang" class="mw-redirect" title="Golang">Go</a> and <a href="/wiki/Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of February 2019, the Foundation had 65 members.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The foundation serves as a neutral party holding all Cloud Foundry <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">intellectual property</a>. Once intellectual property is contributed to Cloud Foundry, it becomes property of the Foundation and these assets cannot be transferred to for-profit entities, as per the laws governing 501(c)(6) organizations. The Foundation holds two contributed types of intellectual property: trademarks and a copyright on the <a href="/wiki/Collective_work" title="Collective work">collective work</a> of the community. It also has a license to use and re-license all code contributions, but does not own copyright on those contributions.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cloud_Foundry&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cloud Foundry is promoted for <a href="/wiki/Continuous_delivery" title="Continuous delivery">continuous delivery</a> as it supports the full application development lifecycle, from initial development through all testing stages to deployment. Cloud Foundry’s container-based architecture runs apps in any programming language over a variety of cloud service providers. This multi-cloud environment allows developers to use the cloud platform that suits specific application workloads and move those workloads as necessary within minutes with no changes to the application. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Services">Services</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cloud_Foundry&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Applications deployed to Cloud Foundry access external resources via an Open Service Broker API, which was launched in December 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a platform, all external dependencies such as databases, messaging systems, file systems and so on are considered <i>services</i>. Cloud Foundry allows administrators to create a marketplace of services, from which users can provision these services on-demand. When an application is pushed to Cloud Foundry the services it needs may also be specified. This process puts the credentials in an environment variable. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Software">Software</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cloud_Foundry&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Software"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The development of Cloud Foundry is supported by the Cloud Foundry Foundation, through the governance process agreed to by its members.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The source code is under an <a href="/wiki/Apache_License_2.0" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache License 2.0">Apache License 2.0</a>. and contributions are made based on the Cloud Foundry contributors' licenses for individuals and corporations. </p><p>Born on a <a href="/wiki/OS-level_virtualization" title="OS-level virtualization">container</a>-based architecture, Cloud Foundry is able to support innovation in containers through collaboration with other projects and standards such as <a href="/wiki/Open_Container_Initiative" title="Open Container Initiative">Open Container Initiative</a> (OCI) and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Container_Network_Interface&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Container Network Interface (page does not exist)">Container Network Interface</a> (CNI). </p><p>Languages and frameworks that can be deployed using the buildpack lifecycle include:<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="width: auto; text-align: left; font-size: 95%; table-layout: fixed; line-height:1.25"> <tbody><tr> <th>Language </th> <th>Framework </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Spring_Framework" title="Spring Framework">Spring</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language)">Ruby</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ruby_on_Rails" title="Ruby on Rails">Rails</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sinatra_(software)" title="Sinatra (software)">Sinatra</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Node.js" title="Node.js">Node.js</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET Framework</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/.NET_Core" class="mw-redirect" title=".NET Core">.NET Core</a> </th> <td>.NET Core Framework </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>Python </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a> </th> <td>PHP </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Go_(programming_language)" title="Go (programming language)">Go</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>Go </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In addition to the buildpack lifecycle, applications packaged as <a href="/wiki/Docker_(software)" title="Docker (software)">Docker images</a> can be deployed using the Docker lifecycle. </p><p>Cloud Foundry Application Runtime can be deployed to many different infrastructure providers, including VMware’s <a href="/wiki/VSphere" class="mw-redirect" title="VSphere">vSphere</a>, <a href="/wiki/OpenStack" title="OpenStack">OpenStack</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services" title="Amazon Web Services">Amazon Web Services</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Azure" title="Microsoft Azure">Microsoft Azure</a>, <a href="/wiki/IBM_Cloud" title="IBM Cloud">IBM Cloud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Platform" title="Google Cloud Platform">Google Cloud Platform</a>, <a href="/wiki/SAP_Cloud_Platform" class="mw-redirect" title="SAP Cloud Platform">SAP Cloud Platform</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alibaba_Cloud" title="Alibaba Cloud">Alibaba Cloud</a> and others using the Cloud Provider Interface (CPI) capability of the Cloud Foundry BOSH project.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cloud Foundry is deprecated on IBM Cloud as of October 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is also possible to install Cloud Foundry using a BOSH-Lite <a href="/wiki/Vagrant_(software)" title="Vagrant (software)">Vagrant</a> virtual machine.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Platform">Platform</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cloud_Foundry&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Platform"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Cloud Foundry platform is available from either the Cloud Foundry Foundation as open-source software or from a variety of commercial providers as either a software product or delivered as a service. Cloud Foundry is <a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open-source software</a>, and hence, it is available to anyone. Deploying Cloud Foundry involves interfacing with the underlying infrastructure using the Cloud Foundry <a href="/wiki/BOSH_(software)" title="BOSH (software)">BOSH</a> deployment system, another open-source tool<b> </b>governed by the Cloud Foundry Foundation. </p><p>In December 2015, the Cloud Foundry Foundation announced the “Cloud Foundry PaaS Certification program” which delineated criteria to be considered a Cloud Foundry Certified Provider.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cloud_Foundry&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cloud-computing_comparison" title="Cloud-computing comparison">Cloud-computing comparison</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cloud_Foundry&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cloudfoundry.org/the-cloud-foundry-foundation-the-power-of-a-501c6/">"The Cloud Foundry Foundation: The Power of a 501(c)(6) | Cloud Foundry"</a>. <i>Cloud Foundry</i>. 2016-06-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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title="Serverless computing">Serverless computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_structured_storage_software" title="Comparison of structured storage software">Structured storage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_appliance" title="Virtual appliance">Virtual appliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_API" title="Web API">Web APIs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_private_cloud" title="Virtual private cloud">Virtual private cloud</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Software_as_a_service" title="Software as a service">Applications</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Box_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Box (company)">Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dropbox" title="Dropbox">Dropbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Workspace" 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Foundry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocaine_(PaaS)" title="Cocaine (PaaS)">Cocaine (PaaS)</a></li> <li>Creatio</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engine_Yard" title="Engine Yard">Engine Yard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HPE_Helion" title="HPE Helion">Helion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predix_(software)" title="Predix (software)">GE Predix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_App_Engine" title="Google App Engine">Google App Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GreenQloud" title="GreenQloud">GreenQloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heroku" title="Heroku">Heroku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Cloud" title="IBM Cloud">IBM Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inktank_Storage" title="Inktank Storage">Inktank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jelastic" title="Jelastic">Jelastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Azure" title="Microsoft Azure">Microsoft Azure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MindSphere" title="MindSphere">MindSphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netlify" title="Netlify">Netlify</a></li> <li><a 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