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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastruktura_kao_usluga" title="Infrastruktura kao usluga – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Infrastruktura kao usluga" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructure_as_a_service" title="Infrastructure as a service – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Infrastructure as a service" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastruktura_jako_slu%C5%BEba" title="Infrastruktura jako služba – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Infrastruktura jako služba" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructure_as_a_Service" title="Infrastructure as a Service – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Infrastructure as a Service" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infraestructura_como_servicio" title="Infraestructura como servicio – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Infraestructura como servicio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructure_as_a_service" title="Infrastructure as a service – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Infrastructure as a service" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%9C%EB%B9%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%98%95_%EC%9D%B8%ED%94%84%EB%9D%BC%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%9F%AD%EC%B2%98" title="서비스형 인프라스트럭처 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="서비스형 인프라스트럭처" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructure_as_a_service" title="Infrastructure as a service – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Infrastructure as a service" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructure_as_a_service" title="Infrastructure as a service – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Infrastructure as a service" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructure_as_a_Service" title="Infrastructure as a Service – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Infrastructure as a Service" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastruktur_som_tjeneste" title="Infrastruktur som tjeneste – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Infrastruktur som tjeneste" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastruktura_jako_us%C5%82uga" title="Infrastruktura jako usługa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Infrastruktura jako usługa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/HaaS" title="HaaS – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="HaaS" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Инфраструктура как услуга – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Инфраструктура как услуга" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infra%C5%A1trukt%C3%BAra_ako_slu%C5%BEba" title="Infraštruktúra ako služba – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Infraštruktúra ako služba" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastruktura_kao_servis" title="Infrastruktura kao servis – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Infrastruktura kao servis" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructure_as_a_Service" title="Infrastructure as a Service – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Infrastructure as a Service" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IaaS" title="IaaS – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="IaaS" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%8F%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Інфраструктура як послуга – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Інфраструктура як послуга" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A4%8E%E8%A8%AD%E6%96%BD%E5%8D%B3%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99" title="基礎設施即服務 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="基礎設施即服務" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1346018#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Cloud computing service model</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid 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article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Infrastructure_as_a_service" title="Special:EditPage/Infrastructure as a service">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Infrastructure+as+a+service%22">"Infrastructure as a service"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Infrastructure+as+a+service%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Infrastructure+as+a+service%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Infrastructure+as+a+service%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Infrastructure+as+a+service%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Infrastructure+as+a+service%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Confusing plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-confusing" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>may be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vagueness" title="Wikipedia:Vagueness">confusing or unclear</a> to readers</b>. In particular, the article uses jargon-like language unsuitable for all readers, and offers little explanation/context for the ideas introduced.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarify the article</a>. There might be a discussion about this on <a href="/wiki/Talk:Infrastructure_as_a_service" title="Talk:Infrastructure as a service">the talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Infrastructure as a service</b> (<b>IaaS</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">cloud computing</a> service model where a cloud services vendor provides computing resources such as storage, network, servers, and <a href="/wiki/Virtualization" title="Virtualization">virtualization</a> (which emulates computer hardware). This service frees users from maintaining their own <a href="/wiki/Data_center" title="Data center">data center</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but they must install and maintain the operating system and application software. <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Iaas provides users high-level <a href="/wiki/API" title="API">APIs</a> to control details of underlying network infrastructure such as backup, data partitioning, scaling, security and physical computing resources. Services can be scaled on-demand by the user. According to the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">Internet Engineering Task Force</a> (IETF), such infrastructure is the most basic cloud-service model. IaaS can be hosted in a <a href="/wiki/Public_cloud" class="mw-redirect" title="Public cloud">public cloud</a> (where users share hardware, storage, and network devices), a <a href="/wiki/Private_cloud" class="mw-redirect" title="Private cloud">private cloud</a> (users do not share resources), or a <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_cloud" class="mw-redirect" title="Hybrid cloud">hybrid cloud</a> (combination of both). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infrastructure_as_a_service&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The US <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Standards_and_Technology" title="National Institute of Standards and Technology">National Institute of Standards and Technology</a> (NIST) defines infrastructure as a service as:<sup id="cite_ref-nist_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nist-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The capability provided to the consumer is provision processing, storage, networks, as well as other fundamental computing resources where the consumer is able to deploy & run arbitrary software, which can include operating systems and applications. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure but has control over operating systems, storage, & deployed applications; and possibly limited control of select networking components (e.g., host firewalls).</p></blockquote> <p>IaaS clouds often offer additional resources such as a virtual-machine <a href="/wiki/Disk_image" title="Disk image">disk-image</a> library, raw <a href="/wiki/Block_storage" class="mw-redirect" title="Block storage">block storage</a>, file or <a href="/wiki/Object_storage" title="Object storage">object storage</a>, firewalls, load balancers, IP addresses, <a href="/wiki/VLAN" title="VLAN">virtual local area networks</a> (VLANs), and software bundles.<sup id="cite_ref-AmiesSluiman2012_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AmiesSluiman2012-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>IaaS-cloud providers supply resources on-demand from the large pools of equipment installed in <a href="/wiki/Data_centers" class="mw-redirect" title="Data centers">data centers</a>. For <a href="/wiki/Wide_area_network" title="Wide area network">wide-area</a> connectivity, customers can use either the Internet or <a href="/wiki/Carrier_cloud" title="Carrier cloud">carrier clouds</a> (dedicated <a href="/wiki/Virtual_private_network" title="Virtual private network">virtual private networks</a>, VPNs). To deploy their applications, users install operating-system images and the application software on the cloud infrastructure.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (February 2016)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup> Users patch and maintain the operating systems. IaaS services are typically billed as a utility: cost reflects the amount of resources allocated or consumed. </p><p>Typically, IaaS involves the use of a <a href="/wiki/Orchestration_(computing)" title="Orchestration (computing)">cloud orchestration technology</a> such as <a href="/wiki/OpenStack" title="OpenStack">OpenStack</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apache_CloudStack" title="Apache CloudStack">Apache CloudStack</a>, or <a href="/wiki/OpenNebula" title="OpenNebula">OpenNebula</a>. It manages the creation of a virtual machine (VM) and decides on the hypervisor (i.e. physical host) in order to start it. A <a href="/wiki/Hypervisor" title="Hypervisor">hypervisor</a> runs <a href="/wiki/Virtual_machine" title="Virtual machine">virtual machines</a> (VMs) as guests. Pools of hypervisors in the cloud operational system can support large numbers of virtual machines and the ability to scale services up and down according to demand by customers. Hypevisors include <a href="/wiki/Xen" title="Xen">Xen</a>, <a href="/wiki/VirtualBox" title="VirtualBox">Oracle VirtualBox</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oracle_VM_Server_for_x86" title="Oracle VM Server for x86">Oracle VM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kernel-based_Virtual_Machine" title="Kernel-based Virtual Machine">KVM</a>, <a href="/wiki/VMware_ESX" class="mw-redirect" title="VMware ESX">VMware ESX</a>/ESXi, or Microsoft <a href="/wiki/Hyper-V" title="Hyper-V">Hyper-V</a>. It also enables VM migration between hosts, allocates storage volumes, and attaches them to VMs that track usage information for billing. </p><p>An alternative to hypervisors is Linux <a href="/wiki/OS-level_virtualization" title="OS-level virtualization">containers</a>, which run in isolated partitions of a <a href="/wiki/Linux_kernel" title="Linux kernel">Linux kernel</a> that runs directly on the physical hardware. Containers are isolated, secured and managed using Linux <a href="/wiki/Cgroups" title="Cgroups">cgroups</a> and namespaces. Containerisation offers higher performance than virtualization because there is no hypervisor overhead. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economic_impact">Economic impact</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infrastructure_as_a_service&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Economic impact"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The global IaaS market is projected to reach a value of $411.9 billion by 2030, expanding at a <a href="/wiki/Compound_annual_growth_rate" title="Compound annual growth rate">compound annual growth rate</a> (CAGR) of 22.6% from 2023 to 2030. This growth is primarily driven by the adoption of cloud-based infrastructure within the Banking, Financial Services, and Insurance (<a href="/wiki/BFSI" title="BFSI">BFSI</a>) sector, which employs these technologies to enhance scalability and reduce operational costs.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_usage">Government usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infrastructure_as_a_service&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Government usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/UK_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="UK Government">UK Government</a> encourages departments to use public cloud solutions as a first option. IaaS is in use within the UK Government but the technology community within government recommends consideration of <a href="/wiki/Platform_as_a_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Platform as a Service">Platform as a Service</a> (PaaS) in cases where a department may not have IaaS skills and management capacity.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infrastructure_as_a_service&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CISPE" title="CISPE">CISPE</a>, an IaaS trade association in Europe.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/As_a_service" title="As a service">as a service</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infrastructure_as_a_service&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.redhat.com/en/topics/cloud-computing/what-is-iaas">"What is IaaS?"</a>. <i>www.redhat.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-10-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.redhat.com&rft.atitle=What+is+IaaS%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redhat.com%2Fen%2Ftopics%2Fcloud-computing%2Fwhat-is-iaas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInfrastructure+as+a+service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oracle.com/cloud/what-is-iaas/">"What Is IaaS? Infrastructure as a Service"</a>. <i>Oracle</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oracle&rft.atitle=What+Is+IaaS%3F+Infrastructure+as+a+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oracle.com%2Fcloud%2Fwhat-is-iaas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInfrastructure+as+a+service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nist-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nist_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeter_MellTimothy_Grance2011" class="citation techreport cs1">Peter Mell; Timothy Grance (September 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-145"><i>The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing</i></a> (Technical report). National Institute of Standards and Technology: U.S. Department of Commerce. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.6028%2FNIST.SP.800-145">10.6028/NIST.SP.800-145</a>. Special publication 800-145.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=The+NIST+Definition+of+Cloud+Computing&rft.pub=National+Institute+of+Standards+and+Technology%3A+U.S.+Department+of+Commerce&rft.date=2011-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.6028%2FNIST.SP.800-145&rft.au=Peter+Mell&rft.au=Timothy+Grance&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.6028%2FNIST.SP.800-145&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInfrastructure+as+a+service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AmiesSluiman2012-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AmiesSluiman2012_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlex_AmiesHarm_SluimanQiang_Guo_TongGuo_Ning_Liu2012" class="citation book cs1">Alex Amies; Harm Sluiman; Qiang Guo Tong; Guo Ning Liu (2 July 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4gwIYbtTH5MC"><i>Developing and Hosting Applications on the Cloud: Develop Hosting Applica Cloud</i></a>. Pearson Education. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-13-306685-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-13-306685-2"><bdi>978-0-13-306685-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Developing+and+Hosting+Applications+on+the+Cloud%3A+Develop+Hosting+Applica+Cloud&rft.pub=Pearson+Education&rft.date=2012-07-02&rft.isbn=978-0-13-306685-2&rft.au=Alex+Amies&rft.au=Harm+Sluiman&rft.au=Qiang+Guo+Tong&rft.au=Guo+Ning+Liu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4gwIYbtTH5MC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInfrastructure+as+a+service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnanich2016" class="citation web cs1">Ananich, Anthony (February 20, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160302153830/http://ananich.pro/2016/02/what-is-iaas/">"What is IaaS?"</a>. <i>ananich.pro</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ananich.pro/2016/02/what-is-iaas/">the original</a> on March 2, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-02-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ananich.pro&rft.atitle=What+is+IaaS%3F&rft.date=2016-02-20&rft.aulast=Ananich&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fananich.pro%2F2016%2F02%2Fwhat-is-iaas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInfrastructure+as+a+service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarkets2024" class="citation web cs1">Markets, Research and (2024-03-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2024/03/01/2838680/28124/en/Infrastructure-as-a-Service-Industry-Report-2023-Compute-Storage-Public-Private-Hybrid-Hosting-IT-Telecommunications-BFSI-Global-Forecast-to-2030.html">"Infrastructure-as-a-Service Industry Report 2023: Compute, Storage, Public, Private, Hybrid, Hosting, IT, Telecommunications, BFSI - Global Forecast to 2030"</a>. <i>GlobeNewswire News Room</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GlobeNewswire+News+Room&rft.atitle=Infrastructure-as-a-Service+Industry+Report+2023%3A+Compute%2C+Storage%2C+Public%2C+Private%2C+Hybrid%2C+Hosting%2C+IT%2C+Telecommunications%2C+BFSI+-+Global+Forecast+to+2030&rft.date=2024-03-01&rft.aulast=Markets&rft.aufirst=Research+and&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.globenewswire.com%2Fnews-release%2F2024%2F03%2F01%2F2838680%2F28124%2Fen%2FInfrastructure-as-a-Service-Industry-Report-2023-Compute-Storage-Public-Private-Hybrid-Hosting-IT-Telecommunications-BFSI-Global-Forecast-to-2030.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInfrastructure+as+a+service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Government Digital Service, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/service-manual/technology/deciding-how-to-host-your-service">Deciding how to host your service</a>, updated on 21 July 2022, accessed on 12 October 2024</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cloud_computing" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">Cloud computing</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Business models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Content_as_a_service" title="Content as a service">Content as a service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_as_a_service" title="Data as a service">Data as a service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desktop_as_a_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Desktop as a service">Desktop as a service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Function_as_a_service" title="Function as a service">Function as a service</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Infrastructure as a service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloud-based_integration" title="Cloud-based integration">Integration platform as a service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backend_as_a_service" title="Backend as a service">Backend as a service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_as_a_service" title="Network as a service">Network as a service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platform_as_a_service" title="Platform as a service">Platform as a service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_as_a_service" title="Security as a service">Security as a service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_as_a_service" title="Software as a service">Software as a service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cloud_database" title="Cloud database">Cloud database</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloud-native_computing" title="Cloud-native computing">Cloud-native computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloud_storage" title="Cloud storage">Cloud storage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloud_storage_gateway" title="Cloud storage gateway">Cloud storage gateways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_center" title="Data center">Data centers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dew_computing" title="Dew computing">Dew computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distributed_file_system_for_cloud" title="Distributed file system for cloud">Distributed file system for cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardware_virtualization" title="Hardware virtualization">Hardware virtualization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_cloud_computing" title="Mobile cloud computing">Mobile cloud computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_cloud_application" title="Native cloud application">Native cloud application</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_network" title="Computer network">Networking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_cloud" title="Personal cloud">Personal cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloud_computing_security" title="Cloud computing security">Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serverless_computing" title="Serverless computing">Serverless computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_structured_storage_software" title="Comparison of structured storage software">Structured storage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_appliance" title="Virtual appliance">Virtual appliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_API" title="Web API">Web APIs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_private_cloud" title="Virtual private cloud">Virtual private cloud</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Software_as_a_service" title="Software as a service">Applications</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Box_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Box (company)">Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dropbox" title="Dropbox">Dropbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Workspace" title="Google Workspace">Workspace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Drive" title="Google Drive">Drive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Cloud" title="HP Cloud">HP Cloud</a> (closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Cloud" title="IBM Cloud">IBM Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_365" title="Microsoft 365">Office 365</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OneDrive" title="OneDrive">OneDrive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nextcloud" title="Nextcloud">Nextcloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_Cloud" title="Oracle Cloud">Oracle Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owncloud" class="mw-redirect" title="Owncloud">Owncloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proton_Drive" title="Proton Drive">Proton Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rackspace_Technology" title="Rackspace Technology">Rackspace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salesforce" title="Salesforce">Salesforce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seafile" title="Seafile">Seafile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlateSpin" class="mw-redirect" title="PlateSpin">PlateSpin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workday,_Inc." title="Workday, Inc.">Workday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoho_Corporation" title="Zoho Corporation">Zoho</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Platform_as_a_service" title="Platform as a service">Platforms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alibaba_Cloud" title="Alibaba Cloud">Alibaba Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services" title="Amazon Web Services">Amazon Web Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AppScale" title="AppScale">AppScale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Box_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Box (company)">Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CloudBolt" title="CloudBolt">CloudBolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloud_Foundry" title="Cloud Foundry">Cloud Foundry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocaine_(PaaS)" title="Cocaine (PaaS)">Cocaine (PaaS)</a></li> <li>Creatio</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engine_Yard" title="Engine Yard">Engine Yard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HPE_Helion" title="HPE Helion">Helion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predix_(software)" title="Predix (software)">GE Predix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_App_Engine" title="Google App Engine">Google App Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GreenQloud" title="GreenQloud">GreenQloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heroku" title="Heroku">Heroku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Cloud" title="IBM Cloud">IBM Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inktank_Storage" title="Inktank Storage">Inktank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jelastic" title="Jelastic">Jelastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Azure" title="Microsoft Azure">Microsoft Azure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MindSphere" title="MindSphere">MindSphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netlify" title="Netlify">Netlify</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_Cloud" title="Oracle Cloud">Oracle Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OutSystems" title="OutSystems">OutSystems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenQRM" title="OpenQRM">openQRM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenShift" title="OpenShift">OpenShift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PythonAnywhere" title="PythonAnywhere">PythonAnywhere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RightScale" title="RightScale">RightScale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scalr" title="Scalr">Scalr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salesforce#Force.com" title="Salesforce">Force.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAP_Cloud_Platform" class="mw-redirect" title="SAP Cloud Platform">SAP Cloud Platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splunk" title="Splunk">Splunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vercel" title="Vercel">Vercel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VCloud_Air" title="VCloud Air">vCloud Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WaveMaker" title="WaveMaker">WaveMaker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Infrastructure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alibaba_Cloud" title="Alibaba Cloud">Alibaba Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services" title="Amazon Web Services">Amazon Web Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abiquo_Enterprise_Edition" title="Abiquo Enterprise Edition">Abiquo Enterprise Edition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_CloudStack" title="Apache CloudStack">CloudStack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrix_Cloud" title="Citrix Cloud">Citrix Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deft_(company)" title="Deft (company)">Deft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DigitalOcean" title="DigitalOcean">DigitalOcean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMC_Atmos" title="EMC Atmos">EMC Atmos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucalyptus_(software)" title="Eucalyptus (software)">Eucalyptus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FUJITSU_Cloud_IaaS_Trusted_Public_S5" title="FUJITSU Cloud IaaS Trusted Public S5">Fujitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Platform" title="Google Cloud Platform">Google Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GreenButton" title="GreenButton">GreenButton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GreenQloud" title="GreenQloud">GreenQloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Cloud" title="IBM Cloud">IBM Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iland" title="Iland">iland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joyent" title="Joyent">Joyent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linode" title="Linode">Linode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunacloud" title="Lunacloud">Lunacloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Azure" title="Microsoft Azure">Microsoft Azure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirantis" title="Mirantis">Mirantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netlify" title="Netlify">Netlify</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimbula" title="Nimbula">Nimbula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimbus_(cloud_computing)" title="Nimbus (cloud computing)">Nimbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenIO" title="OpenIO">OpenIO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenNebula" title="OpenNebula">OpenNebula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenStack" title="OpenStack">OpenStack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_Cloud" title="Oracle Cloud">Oracle Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OrionVM" title="OrionVM">OrionVM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rackspace_Cloud" title="Rackspace Cloud">Rackspace Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safe_Swiss_Cloud" title="Safe Swiss Cloud">Safe Swiss Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zadara" title="Zadara">Zadara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libvirt" title="Libvirt">libvirt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libguestfs" title="Libguestfs">libguestfs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OVirt" title="OVirt">OVirt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virt-manager" title="Virt-manager">Virtual Machine Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakame-vdc" title="Wakame-vdc">Wakame-vdc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vercel" title="Vercel">Vercel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_Private_Cloud_OnDemand" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual Private Cloud OnDemand">Virtual Private Cloud OnDemand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Cloud_computing" title="Category:Cloud computing">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" 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