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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Attachment_to_the_ovary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Attachment_to_the_ovary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Attachment to the ovary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Attachment_to_the_ovary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pollination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pollination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Pollination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pollination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> 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Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estil_(bot%C3%A0nica)" title="Estil (botànica) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Estil (botànica)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cn%C4%9Blka" title="Čnělka – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Čnělka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griffel_(Botanik)" title="Griffel (Botanik) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Griffel (Botanik)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%9Bstka_(botanika)" title="Pěstka (botanika) – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Pěstka (botanika)" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emakakael_(botaanika)" title="Emakakael (botaanika) – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Emakakael (botaanika)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estilo_(bot%C3%A1nica)" title="Estilo (botánica) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estilo (botánica)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Style_(botanique)" title="Style (botanique) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Style (botanique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%ADl_(planda)" title="Stíl (planda) – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Stíl (planda)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estilo_(flor)" title="Estilo (flor) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Estilo (flor)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%9Bsta_(botanika)" title="Pěsta (botanika) – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Pěsta (botanika)" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stilo_(botanica)" title="Stilo (botanica) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Stilo (botanica)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99" title="עמוד עלי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עמוד עלי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stil_(bot%C3%A0nica)" title="Stil (botànica) – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Stil (botànica)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stijl_(plant)" title="Stijl (plant) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Stijl (plant)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estilete_(bot%C3%A2nica)" title="Estilete (botânica) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Estilete (botânica)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Стилодий – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Стилодий" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BF%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Стовпчик – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Стовпчик" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E6%9F%B1" title="花柱 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="花柱" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Mature_flower_diagram.svg/260px-Mature_flower_diagram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Mature_flower_diagram.svg/390px-Mature_flower_diagram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Mature_flower_diagram.svg/520px-Mature_flower_diagram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="693" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Diagram of a blooming flower showing the position of the style</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Botany" title="Botany">botany</a>, the <b>style</b> of an <a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">angiosperm flower</a> is an organ of variable length that connects the <a href="/wiki/Ovary_(botany)" title="Ovary (botany)">ovary</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Stigma_(botany)" title="Stigma (botany)">stigma</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The style does not contain ovules; these are limited to the region of the <a href="/wiki/Gynoecium" title="Gynoecium">gynoecium</a> (female organs of the flower) called the "ovary". </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Style_(botany)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The style is a narrow extension of the ovary, usually pointing upwards, connecting the ovary to the <a href="/wiki/Stigma_(botany)" title="Stigma (botany)">stigmatic papillae</a>. It may be absent in some plants; in this case, it is referred to as a <a href="/wiki/Sessility_(botany)" title="Sessility (botany)">sessile</a> stigma. Styles generally resemble more or less long tubes. The style can be open (with few cells occupying the central part, or even none), featuring a central canal that may be filled with <a href="/wiki/Mucilage" title="Mucilage">mucilage</a>. Alternatively, the style can be closed (completely filled with cells). Most plants with <a href="/wiki/Gynoecium" title="Gynoecium">syncarpous pistils</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monocotyledon" title="Monocotyledon">monocotyledons</a> and some <a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">eudicotys</a>) have open styles, whereas many eudicots and grasses have closed (solid) styles containing specialized secretory tissues, which connect the stigma to the center of the ovary. These tissues form a nutrient-rich cord for the growth of the pollen tube.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERudall2007_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERudall2007-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the <a href="/wiki/Pistil" class="mw-redirect" title="Pistil">pistil</a> consists of several <a href="/wiki/Carpels" class="mw-redirect" title="Carpels">carpels</a>, each of them may have a distinct <i>stylodium</i> (sometimes seen as a pseudo-style<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) or share a common style. In <a href="/wiki/Iris_(plant)" title="Iris (plant)">Iris</a> and other species of the <i><a href="/wiki/Iridaceae" title="Iridaceae">Iridaceae</a></i> family, the style divides into three "petaloid branches" (resembling petals), sometimes also called stylodiums,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERudall2007_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERudall2007-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> almost at the origin of the style and is called "tribrachiate". These are strips of tissue emerging from the perianth tube above the sepal. The stigma is a ridge or edge on the lower surface of the branch, near the tip of the lobes.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Branched styles also appear in the genera <i><a href="/wiki/Dietes" title="Dietes">Dietes</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Iris_(plant)" title="Iris (plant)"><i>Pardanthopsis</i></a>, and in most species of the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Moraea" title="Moraea">Moraea</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-klaus2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-klaus2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <i><a href="/wiki/Crocus" title="Crocus">Crocus</a></i> species, the style is branched into three "branches," forming a tube.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Plants of the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Hesperantha" title="Hesperantha">Hesperantha</a></i> have a spread-out branched style. The style can also be lobed rather than branched. Plants of the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Gladiolus" title="Gladiolus">Gladiolus</a></i> have a bilobed style. In the genera <i><a href="/wiki/Freesia" title="Freesia">Freesia</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Lapeirousia" title="Lapeirousia">Lapeirousia</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Romulea" title="Romulea">Romulea</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Savannosiphon" title="Savannosiphon">Savannosiphon</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Watsonia_(plant)" title="Watsonia (plant)">Watsonia</a></i>, the style has bifurcated and curved branches.<sup id="cite_ref-klaus3_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-klaus3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-klaus4_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-klaus4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:692px;max-width:692px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:256px;max-width:256px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:190px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iris_versicolor_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Iris_versicolor_3.jpg/254px-Iris_versicolor_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="254" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Iris_versicolor_3.jpg/381px-Iris_versicolor_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Iris_versicolor_3.jpg/508px-Iris_versicolor_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1984" data-file-height="1488" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Flower of the <a href="/wiki/Iris_versicolor" title="Iris versicolor">Iris versicolor</a> showing three overlapping two-lipped structures, an upper petaloid branching, and a lower tepal, enclosing a stamen.</div></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:256px;max-width:256px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:190px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iris_missouriensis_(3624887687).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Iris_missouriensis_%283624887687%29.jpg/254px-Iris_missouriensis_%283624887687%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="254" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Iris_missouriensis_%283624887687%29.jpg/381px-Iris_missouriensis_%283624887687%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Iris_missouriensis_%283624887687%29.jpg/508px-Iris_missouriensis_%283624887687%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Flower of <a href="/wiki/Iris_missouriensis" title="Iris missouriensis">Iris missouriensis</a> showing the light blue branched style above the drooping petal.</div></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:174px;max-width:174px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:190px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saffron_stigmas_Crocus_speciosus_corrected_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Saffron_stigmas_Crocus_speciosus_corrected_cropped.jpg/172px-Saffron_stigmas_Crocus_speciosus_corrected_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="172" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Saffron_stigmas_Crocus_speciosus_corrected_cropped.jpg/258px-Saffron_stigmas_Crocus_speciosus_corrected_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Saffron_stigmas_Crocus_speciosus_corrected_cropped.jpg/344px-Saffron_stigmas_Crocus_speciosus_corrected_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1081" data-file-height="1201" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">The feathery stigma of <a href="/wiki/Iris_versicolor" title="Iris versicolor">Iris versicolor</a> (<i>Crocus speciosus</i>) has three branches corresponding to the three carpels.</div></div></div></div></div></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Attachment_to_the_ovary">Attachment to the ovary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Style_(botany)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Attachment to the ovary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti" /><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:104px;max-width:104px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Style position</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:102px;max-width:102px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gynoecium_morphology_style_position_terminal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Gynoecium_morphology_style_position_terminal.png/100px-Gynoecium_morphology_style_position_terminal.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Gynoecium_morphology_style_position_terminal.png/150px-Gynoecium_morphology_style_position_terminal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Gynoecium_morphology_style_position_terminal.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="220" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">Terminal (apical)</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:102px;max-width:102px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gynoecium_morphology_style_position_lateral.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gynoecium_morphology_style_position_lateral.png/100px-Gynoecium_morphology_style_position_lateral.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gynoecium_morphology_style_position_lateral.png/150px-Gynoecium_morphology_style_position_lateral.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gynoecium_morphology_style_position_lateral.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="220" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">Lateral</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:102px;max-width:102px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gynoecium_morphology_style_position_gynobasic.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gynoecium_morphology_style_position_gynobasic.png/100px-Gynoecium_morphology_style_position_gynobasic.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gynoecium_morphology_style_position_gynobasic.png/150px-Gynoecium_morphology_style_position_gynobasic.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Gynoecium_morphology_style_position_gynobasic.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="220" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">Gynobasic</div></div></div></div></div> <p>May be terminal (apical), subapical, lateral, gynobasic, or subgynobasic. Terminal (apical) style position refers to attachment at the apex of the ovary and is the most common pattern. In the subapical pattern, the style arises to the side slightly below the apex. A lateral style arises from the side of the ovary and is found in <a href="/wiki/Rosaceae" title="Rosaceae">Rosaceae</a>. The gynobasic style arises from the base of the ovary, or between the ovary lobes and is characteristic of <a href="/wiki/Boraginaceae" title="Boraginaceae">Boraginaceae</a>. Subgynobasic styles characterise <i><a href="/wiki/Allium" title="Allium">Allium</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pollination">Pollination</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Style_(botany)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Pollination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pollen tubes grow the length of the style to reach the <a href="/wiki/Ovule" title="Ovule">ovules</a>, and in some cases <a href="/wiki/Self-incompatibility_in_plants" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-incompatibility in plants">self-incompatibility reactions</a> in the style prevent full growth of the pollen tubes. In some species, including <i><a href="/wiki/Gasteria" title="Gasteria">Gasteria</a></i> at least, the pollen tube is directed to the <a href="/wiki/Ovule#Integuments,_micropyle_and_chalaza" title="Ovule">micropyle</a> of the ovule by the style.<sup id="cite_ref-biology_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-biology-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Style_(botany)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFVanDerZanden2019" class="citation journal cs1">VanDerZanden, Ann Marie (2019-01-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://extension.oregonstate.edu/gardening/techniques/reproductive-plant-parts">"Reproductive plant parts"</a>. <i>Ag - Community Horticulture/Landscape</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ag+-+Community+Horticulture%2FLandscape&rft.atitle=Reproductive+plant+parts&rft.date=2019-01-07&rft.aulast=VanDerZanden&rft.aufirst=Ann+Marie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fextension.oregonstate.edu%2Fgardening%2Ftechniques%2Freproductive-plant-parts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStyle+%28botany%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERudall2007-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERudall2007_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERudall2007_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRudall2007">Rudall 2007</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSokoloffRemizowaLinderRudall2009" class="citation journal cs1">Sokoloff, Dmitry D.; Remizowa, Margarita V.; Linder, H. Peter; Rudall, Paula J. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/27898/11/Sokoloff_AJB_2009_V.pdf">"Morphology and development of the gynoecium in Centrolepidaceae: The most remarkable range of variation in Poales"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>American Journal of Botany</i>. <b>96</b> (11): <span class="nowrap">1925–</span>1940. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3732%2Fajb.0900074">10.3732/ajb.0900074</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0002-9122">0002-9122</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Botany&rft.atitle=Morphology+and+development+of+the+gynoecium+in+Centrolepidaceae%3A+The+most+remarkable+range+of+variation+in+Poales&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1925-%3C%2Fspan%3E1940&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3732%2Fajb.0900074&rft.issn=0002-9122&rft.aulast=Sokoloff&rft.aufirst=Dmitry+D.&rft.au=Remizowa%2C+Margarita+V.&rft.au=Linder%2C+H.+Peter&rft.au=Rudall%2C+Paula+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zora.uzh.ch%2Fid%2Feprint%2F27898%2F11%2FSokoloff_AJB_2009_V.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStyle+%28botany%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.herbs2000.com/flowers/i_anatomy.htm">"<i>The Anatomy of Irises</i>"</a>. herbs2000.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Anatomy+of+Irises&rft.pub=herbs2000.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.herbs2000.com%2Fflowers%2Fi_anatomy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStyle+%28botany%29" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-klaus2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-klaus2_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHuberRudallStevensStützel2013" class="citation book cs1">Huber, H.; Rudall, P.J.; Stevens, P.S.; Stützel, T. (2013). Kubitzki, Klaus (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RSfrCAAAQBAJ"><i>Flowering Plants. Dicotyledons : Celastrales, Oxalidales, Rosales, Cornales and Ericales</i></a>. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 305. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-662-03533-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-662-03533-7"><bdi>978-3-662-03533-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flowering+Plants.+Dicotyledons+%3A+Celastrales%2C+Oxalidales%2C+Rosales%2C+Cornales+and+Ericales&rft.series=The+Families+and+Genera+of+Vascular+Plants&rft.pages=305&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-3-662-03533-7&rft.aulast=Huber&rft.aufirst=H.&rft.au=Rudall%2C+P.J.&rft.au=Stevens%2C+P.S.&rft.au=St%C3%BCtzel%2C+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRSfrCAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStyle+%28botany%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHickeyKing1988" class="citation book cs1">Hickey, Michael; King, Clive (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LDh7fz9uToMC"><i>100 Families of Flowering Plants</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. p. 562. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-33700-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-33700-7"><bdi>978-0-521-33700-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=100+Families+of+Flowering+Plants&rft.pages=562&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-521-33700-7&rft.aulast=Hickey&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=King%2C+Clive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLDh7fz9uToMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStyle+%28botany%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-klaus3-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-klaus3_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHuberRudallStevensStützel2013" class="citation book cs1">Huber, H.; Rudall, P.J.; Stevens, P.S.; Stützel, T. (2013). Kubitzki, Klaus (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RSfrCAAAQBAJ"><i>Flowering Plants. Dicotyledons : Celastrales, Oxalidales, Rosales, Cornales and Ericales</i></a>. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 305. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-662-03533-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-662-03533-7"><bdi>978-3-662-03533-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flowering+Plants.+Dicotyledons+%3A+Celastrales%2C+Oxalidales%2C+Rosales%2C+Cornales+and+Ericales&rft.series=The+Families+and+Genera+of+Vascular+Plants&rft.pages=305&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-3-662-03533-7&rft.aulast=Huber&rft.aufirst=H.&rft.au=Rudall%2C+P.J.&rft.au=Stevens%2C+P.S.&rft.au=St%C3%BCtzel%2C+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRSfrCAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStyle+%28botany%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-klaus4-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-klaus4_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHuberRudallStevensStützel2013" class="citation book cs1">Huber, H.; Rudall, P.J.; Stevens, P.S.; Stützel, T. (2013). Kubitzki, Klaus (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RSfrCAAAQBAJ"><i>Flowering Plants. Dicotyledons : Celastrales, Oxalidales, Rosales, Cornales and Ericales</i></a>. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 305. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-662-03533-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-662-03533-7"><bdi>978-3-662-03533-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flowering+Plants.+Dicotyledons+%3A+Celastrales%2C+Oxalidales%2C+Rosales%2C+Cornales+and+Ericales&rft.series=The+Families+and+Genera+of+Vascular+Plants&rft.pages=305&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-3-662-03533-7&rft.aulast=Huber&rft.aufirst=H.&rft.au=Rudall%2C+P.J.&rft.au=Stevens%2C+P.S.&rft.au=St%C3%BCtzel%2C+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRSfrCAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStyle+%28botany%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimpson2011">Simpson 2011</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ia2eIPVksMMC&pg=PA378">Style position p. 378</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-biology-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-biology_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Christophe Clement, Ettore Pacini, Jean-Claude Audran (Editors) <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TOXwCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA151">Anther and Pollen: From Biology to Biotechnology</a></i>, p. 151, at <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Style_(botany)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRudall2007" class="citation book cs1">Rudall, P.J. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cSO8HOKyabgC"><i>Anatomy of Flowering Plants: An Introduction to Structure and Development</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-139-45948-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-139-45948-8"><bdi>978-1-139-45948-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-05-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anatomy+of+Flowering+Plants%3A+An+Introduction+to+Structure+and+Development&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-139-45948-8&rft.aulast=Rudall&rft.aufirst=P.J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcSO8HOKyabgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStyle+%28botany%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSimpson2011" class="citation book cs1">Simpson, Michael G. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ia2eIPVksMMC"><i>Plant Systematics</i></a>. Academic Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-08-051404-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-08-051404-8"><bdi>978-0-08-051404-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Plant+Systematics&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-08-051404-8&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=Michael+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIa2eIPVksMMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStyle+%28botany%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Style_(botany)&oldid=1262043749">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Style_(botany)&oldid=1262043749</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Plant_reproduction" title="Category:Plant reproduction">Plant reproduction</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Plant_morphology" title="Category:Plant morphology">Plant morphology</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_multiple_image_with_auto_scaled_images" title="Category:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images">Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 9 December 2024, at 08:34<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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