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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Instruments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Instruments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Instruments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Instruments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paraguayan_harp" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paraguayan_harp"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Paraguayan harp</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paraguayan_harp-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Popular_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popular_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Popular music</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Popular_music-sublist" class="cdx-button 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 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.ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Lead_too_short plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-lead_too_short" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/80px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Length" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">lead section</a> <b>may be too short to adequately <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style" title="Wikipedia:Summary style">summarize</a> the key points</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please consider expanding the lead to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Provide_an_accessible_overview" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">provide an accessible overview</a> of all important aspects of the article.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2016</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The folkloric traditional music of <a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> is the <b>Paraguayan polka</b> and the <b><a href="/wiki/Guarania_(music)" title="Guarania (music)">Guarania</a></b>. The <a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_polka" title="Paraguayan polka">Paraguayan polka</a> comes from <a href="/wiki/Polka" title="Polka">polka</a> of <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech</a> origin; that was danced for the first time in Asunción, on November 27, 1858.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The guarania was created by the Paraguayan musician <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Asunci%C3%B3n_Flores" title="José Asunción Flores">José Asunción Flores</a>, in January 1925, after experiencing different arrangements with the old Paraguayan musical theme "Ma'erãpa reikuaase".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Paraguay also has classical music and popular music consisting of rock and jazz music. The folk music uses a range of different instruments some of which include the Spanish guitar and the European harp. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The polka presents numerous variations on a similar rhythmic pattern, which are known as: Polka song, Galopa, Polka valseada, Polka popó, Polka jekutu, Polka kyre'y, Polka syryry, Purahéi jahe'o, Kyre'y, <a href="/wiki/Chamam%C3%A9" title="Chamamé">Chamamé</a>, among other.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another rhythm created by the fusion of rhythms is called "Avanzada", which in 1977 was elaborated by the Paraguayan musician Oscar Nelson Safuán.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The modern rhythms reached Paraguay in the 50s, with the importation of electronic instruments that began to use dance orchestras.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mainly in the 1970s, latin music, rock music, pop, dance, protest song, cumbia, among others, were developed. Currently there is also a growing scene of latin music, folklore, hiphop, blues music, jazz, rock, electronic music, ethnic, reggae, and other genres. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_polka" title="Paraguayan polka">Paraguayan polka</a> combines ternary and binary rhythms, where as the European only uses binary. The most famous style of music is <a href="/wiki/Guarania_(music)" title="Guarania (music)">Guarania</a>, created by the Paraguayan musician <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Asunci%C3%B3n_Flores" title="José Asunción Flores">José Asunción Flores</a> in 1926. The Guarania accomplishes this by using a combination of slow rhythms and melodies of <a href="/wiki/Melancholia" title="Melancholia">melancholia</a> character. Other popular genres of traditional music in Paraguay are the <a href="/wiki/Zarzuela" title="Zarzuela">zarzuela</a> and the "Paraguayan Songs", which are derived from the Paraguayan polka.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples of Paraguayan Guarania are Juan B. Mora – <i>Imposible</i>, Duo Ñamandu – <i>Che Rope'a Vype</i>, Lorenzo Perez – <i>Mi Dicha Lejana</i>, Los Indianos – <i>Mis Noches Sin Ti</i> and others. The greatest influence outside Paraguay was Luís Alberto del Paraná y su Trío Los Paraguayos. There was a time in the 1950s when most of the LP's of Latin American music in the shops in London were by that group. The guaranía mentioned above is a slow-to-medium style. The more lively music is called "polka paraguaya". Both styles are based on the 6/8 rhythm. Paraguayan songs tend to be sung in Guaraní or a mixture of Guaraní and Spanish. Music of a strongly Paraguayan character is also heard in the Argentine provinces of Misiones, Formosa and Corrientes, across the River Paraná from Paraguay itself. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Instruments">Instruments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Instruments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Spanish guitar (not from Paraguay) and European <a href="/wiki/Harp" title="Harp">harp</a> are among the most popular instruments, while dances include the lively <a href="/wiki/Polka" title="Polka">polka</a> and distinctive <a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_bottle_dance" title="Paraguayan bottle dance">bottle dance</a>, which involves the performer twirling a bottle around her head. Composer and guitarist <a href="/wiki/Agust%C3%ADn_Barrios" title="Agustín Barrios">Agustín Barrios</a> is perhaps the country's best known export. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Paraguayan_harp">Paraguayan harp</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Paraguayan harp"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_harp" title="Paraguayan harp">Paraguayan harp</a> deserves special mention as a popular instrument with a national style associated with it. The harp in South America dates back to at least 1556–1557, possibly as early as the beginning of the 16th century. It was introduced to Paraguay by Jesuit priests who came to evangelise (the native population of indigenous Guaranis) and founded many missions, called "reducciones" . It was frequently used in church music in place of the organ or <a href="/wiki/Harpsichord" title="Harpsichord">harpsichord</a>. The Paraguayan harp is the national instrument of Paraguay, its shape and size were consolidated in the early 20th century by interpreter and composer Felix Perez Cardozo, who composed some of the most memorable pieces for the Paraguayan harp. It stands about 1.5 metres (5 ft) high and is very light and portable. The sound box is made of cedro (a type of mahogany) and pine. However, more recently, harps have begun to be constructed with the addition of levers to overcome this limitation, and many players are now using levered harps.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Popular_music">Popular music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Popular music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rock">Rock</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Rock"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music"> Rock</a> is a popular genre in the Paraguayan music scene. Former President <a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Stroessner" title="Alfredo Stroessner">Alfredo Stroessner</a> established a dictatorship and oppressed freedom of expression during his term between 1954 and 1989. But rock band Aftermad's and Los Blue Caps<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> were formed during this time from late 1960s to 1970s. The end of the dictatorship of Stroessner in 1989, a new rock scene started. New rock bands such as Flou (alt rock), Revolver (alt rock),<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ripe_Banana_Skins" title="Ripe Banana Skins">Ripe Banana Skins</a> (punk),<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Area 69, Paiko, The Force (slash metal) were formed. 21st century Paraguayan rock scene is supported by rock festivals such as "Pilsen Rock" and "Quilmes Rock". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jazz">Jazz</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Jazz"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is a small but vibrant <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a> community in Paraguay. <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">Jazz</a> Day festival was opened in Paraguay.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Key players and group include: CCPA Jazz Quntet, Palito Miranda (alto sax), Remigio Pereira (trombone), Victor "Toti" Morel (drums), Oswal Gonzalez (drums), Riolo Alvarenga (drums), Jorge "Lobito" Martinez (piano), Carlos Schvartzman (guitar), Carlos Centurión (piano), Gustavo Viera (guitar), Eduardo "Tato" Zilli (bass), Nene Salerno (bass), Ariel Burgos (bass), Victor Morel Jr. (drums), German Lema (organ), Jose Villamayor (guitar), Bruno Muñoz (tenor and alto saxophone) and others. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classical_music">Classical music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Classical music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The main exponents are <a href="/wiki/Agust%C3%ADn_Barrios_Mangor%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Agustín Barrios Mangoré">Agustín Barrios Mangoré</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Asunci%C3%B3n_Flores" title="José Asunción Flores">José Asunción Flores</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berta_Rojas" title="Berta Rojas">Berta Rojas</a> and Juan Carlos Moreno. Silva studied abroad and reproduced, in the guarani vocal form, the indigenous music, based on the European technique. Moreno composed works inspired on popular themes in a romantic classical path.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.com.py/edicion-impresa/suplementos/escolar/resena-de-nuestra-polka-paraguaya-921167.html">"Reseña de nuestra polka paraguaya - Escolar - ABC Color"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rese%C3%B1a+de+nuestra+polka+paraguaya+-+Escolar+-+ABC+Color&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.com.py%2Fedicion-impresa%2Fsuplementos%2Fescolar%2Fresena-de-nuestra-polka-paraguaya-921167.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+of+Paraguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ultimahora.com/el-dia-que-nacian-jose-asuncion-flores-y-la-guarania-n1104438.html">"José Asunción Flores y la guarania"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jos%C3%A9+Asunci%C3%B3n+Flores+y+la+guarania&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ultimahora.com%2Fel-dia-que-nacian-jose-asuncion-flores-y-la-guarania-n1104438.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+of+Paraguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107021230/https://paraguaype.com/la-polca-paraguaya-polka-paraguaya/">"La Polca Paraguaya (Polka Paraguaya) - Paraguaype.com"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paraguaype.com/la-polca-paraguaya-polka-paraguaya/">the original</a> on November 7, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 31,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+Polca+Paraguaya+%28Polka+Paraguaya%29+-+Paraguaype.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fparaguaype.com%2Fla-polca-paraguaya-polka-paraguaya%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+of+Paraguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.portalguarani.com/1476_oscar_nelson_safuan.html">"Portal Guarani - OSCAR NELSON SAFUÁN"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Portal+Guarani+-+OSCAR+NELSON+SAFU%C3%81N&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.portalguarani.com%2F1476_oscar_nelson_safuan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+of+Paraguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.portalguarani.com/1080_luis_szaran/12838_orquestas_y_conjuntos_populares__por_luis_szaran.html">"Portal Guarani - LUIS SZARÁN - ORQUESTAS y CONJUNTOS POPULARES - Por LUIS SZARÁN"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Portal+Guarani+-+LUIS+SZAR%C3%81N+-+ORQUESTAS+y+CONJUNTOS+POPULARES+-+Por+LUIS+SZAR%C3%81N&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.portalguarani.com%2F1080_luis_szaran%2F12838_orquestas_y_conjuntos_populares__por_luis_szaran.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+of+Paraguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">South America, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean (Garland Encyclopedia of World Music, Volume 2) Publisher: Routledge; Har/Com edition (October 1, 1998) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8240-4947-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8240-4947-8">978-0-8240-4947-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paraguay 200 years of Independence in the Heart of South America. R.Munro 2010 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9567405-1-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9567405-1-9">978-0-9567405-1-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/los-blue-caps-mn0003353161">Los Blue Caps</a> retrieved 26 July 2021</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://revolberfx.com/">revolberfx.com Revolver</a> retrieved 27 July 2021</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ripebananaskins.com/">Ripe Banana Skins</a> retrieved 28 July 2021</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jazzday.com/events/paraguay/">Jazz Day</a> retrieved 23 July 2021</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Monitor. Encyclopedia Salvat para todos. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-7137-223-1" title="Special:BookSources/84-7137-223-1">84-7137-223-1</a> (1965)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050804074334/http://www.paraguayglobal.com/eng/cultura3_eng.php">Paraguay Global Website</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Conga.svg/22px-Conga.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Conga.svg/32px-Conga.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Conga.svg/43px-Conga.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="765" data-file-height="990" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Latin_music" title="Portal:Latin music">Latin music portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/32px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/48px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Paraguay_topics" title="Template:Paraguay topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Paraguay_topics" title="Template talk:Paraguay topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Paraguay_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Paraguay topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Paraguay_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Paraguay-related_articles" title="Index of Paraguay-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Paraguay" title="History of Paraguay">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guaran%C3%AD_people" title="Guaraní people">Guaraní people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_New_Andalusia" title="Governorate of New Andalusia">Governorate of New Andalusia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesuit_reduction" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit reduction">Jesuit reduction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Gaspar_Rodr%C3%ADguez_de_Francia" title="José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia">José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Antonio_L%C3%B3pez" title="Carlos Antonio López">Carlos Antonio López</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_War" title="Paraguayan War">Paraguayan War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_Civil_War_(1911%E2%80%931912)" title="Paraguayan Civil War (1911–1912)">First Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_Civil_War_(1922)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paraguayan Civil War (1922)">Second Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaco_War" title="Chaco War">Chaco War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_Revolution_(Paraguay)" title="February Revolution (Paraguay)">February Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_Civil_War_(1947)" title="Paraguayan Civil War (1947)">Third Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_Paraguayan_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1954 Paraguayan coup d'état">1954 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictatorship_of_Alfredo_Stroessner" title="Dictatorship of Alfredo Stroessner">Dictatorship of Alfredo Stroessner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Paraguayan_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1989 Paraguayan coup d'état">1989 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Paraguayan_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt" class="mw-redirect" title="1996 Paraguayan coup d'état attempt">1996 coup d'état attempt</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marzo_paraguayo" title="Marzo paraguayo">Marzo paraguayo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Paraguayan_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt" class="mw-redirect" title="2000 Paraguayan coup d'état attempt">2000 coup d'état attempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Fernando_Lugo" title="Impeachment of Fernando Lugo">2012 political crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Paraguayan_crisis" title="2017 Paraguayan crisis">2017 political crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Paraguay" title="Coat of arms of Paraguay"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Coat_of_arms_of_Paraguay.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Coat_of_arms_of_Paraguay.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Coat_of_arms_of_Paraguay.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="610" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Paraguay" title="Geography of Paraguay">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Paraguay">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Paraguay" title="Climate of Paraguay">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Paraguay" title="Environmental issues in Paraguay">Environmental issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fauna_of_Paraguay" title="Category:Fauna of Paraguay">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Paraguay" title="Category:Flora of Paraguay">Flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Paraguay" title="List of national parks of Paraguay">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Protected_areas_of_Paraguay" title="Category:Protected areas of Paraguay">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Paraguay" title="Category:World Heritage Sites in Paraguay">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Paraguay" title="Politics of Paraguay">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative divisions of Paraguay">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Paraguay" title="Congress of Paraguay">Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Paraguay" title="Elections in Paraguay">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Paraguay" title="Foreign relations of Paraguay">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Paraguay" title="Armed Forces of Paraguay">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Paraguay" title="List of political parties in Paraguay">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Paraguay" title="President of Paraguay">Presidents</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Legal system and issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Code_of_Paraguay" title="Civil Code of Paraguay">Civil Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Paraguay" title="Constitution of Paraguay">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Paraguay" title="Human rights in Paraguay">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Paraguay" title="Abortion in Paraguay">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Paraguay">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Paraguay" title="Law enforcement in Paraguay">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_nationality_law" title="Paraguayan nationality law">Nationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Justice_of_Paraguay" title="Supreme Court of Justice of Paraguay">Supreme Court</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Paraguay" title="Economy of Paraguay">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Paraguay" title="Agriculture in Paraguay">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_of_Paraguay" title="Category:Companies of Paraguay">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecotourism_in_Paraguay" title="Ecotourism in Paraguay">Ecotourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Paraguay" title="Energy in Paraguay">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Paraguay" title="Central Bank of Paraguay">Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_guaran%C3%AD" title="Paraguayan guaraní">Guaraní <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Science_and_technology_in_Paraguay" title="Category:Science and technology in Paraguay">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolsa_de_Valores_y_Productos_de_Asunci%C3%B3n_(BVPASA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolsa de Valores y Productos de Asunción (BVPASA)">Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Paraguay" title="Telecommunications in Paraguay">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Paraguay" title="Transport in Paraguay">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Paraguay" title="Category:Society of Paraguay">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Paraguay" title="Demographics of Paraguay">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Paraguay" title="Education in Paraguay">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Paraguay" title="Health in Paraguay">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Paraguay" title="Crime in Paraguay">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Paraguay" title="Immigration to Paraguay">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_in_Paraguay" title="Indigenous peoples in Paraguay">Indigenous peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Paraguay" title="Languages of Paraguay">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT history in Paraguay">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Paraguayans" title="List of Paraguayans">List of Paraguayans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Paraguay" title="Women in Paraguay">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Paraguay" title="Religion in Paraguay">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_Paraguay" title="Freedom of religion in Paraguay">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith_in_Paraguay" title="Baháʼí Faith in Paraguay">Baháʼí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Paraguay" title="Catholic Church in Paraguay">Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Paraguay" title="Islam in Paraguay">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Paraguay" title="History of the Jews in Paraguay">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_Paraguay" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Paraguay">LDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mennonites_in_Paraguay" title="Mennonites in Paraguay">Mennonites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_La_Muerte" title="San La Muerte">San La Muerte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Paraguay" title="Culture of Paraguay">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Paraguay" title="Cinema of Paraguay">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_cuisine" title="Paraguayan cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Paraguayan literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Paraguay">Media</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Paraguay" title="Public holidays in Paraguay">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Paraguay" title="Sport in Paraguay">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_symbols_of_Paraguay" title="Category:National symbols of Paraguay">Symbols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_National_Anthem" title="Paraguayan National Anthem">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Paraguay" title="Coat of arms of Paraguay">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Paraguay" title="Flag of Paraguay">Flag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Paraguay" title="Tourism in Paraguay">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Paraguay" title="Outline of Paraguay">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Paraguay-related_articles" title="Index of Paraguay-related articles">Index</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Paraguay" title="Bibliography of Paraguay">Bibliography</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Paraguay" title="Category:Paraguay">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Paraguay" title="Portal:Paraguay">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Music_of_Latin_America" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a 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hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hispanophone_music" title="Template:Hispanophone music"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hispanophone_music" title="Template talk:Hispanophone music"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hispanophone_music" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hispanophone music"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hispanophone_music" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Hispanophone music</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Argentina" title="Music of Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Bolivia" title="Music of Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Chile" title="Music of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Colombia" title="Music of Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Costa_Rica" title="Music of Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Cuba" title="Music of Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Music of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Ecuador" title="Music of Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_El_Salvador" title="Music of El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Music of Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Guatemala" title="Music of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Honduras" title="Music of Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Mexico" title="Music of Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Nicaragua" title="Music of Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Panama" title="Music of Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Peru" title="Music of Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Philippines" title="Music of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Music of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Spain" title="Music of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Uruguay" title="Music of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Venezuela" title="Music of Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Western_Sahara" title="Music of Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Music_of_South_America" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:South_America_topic" title="Template:South America topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:South_America_topic" title="Template talk:South America topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:South_America_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:South America topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Music_of_South_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Music of South America</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Argentina" title="Music of Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Bolivia" title="Music of Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Brazil" title="Music of Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Chile" title="Music of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Colombia" title="Music of Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Ecuador" title="Music of Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Guyana" title="Music of Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Peru" title="Music of Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Suriname" title="Music of Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Uruguay" title="Music of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Venezuela" title="Music of Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Falkland_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of the Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_French_Guiana" title="Music of French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a 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